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Abstract The growing use of large language models has increased demand for systems capable of distinguishing AI-generated text from genuine human writing. Such systems must achieve high sensitivity to machine-generated content while maintaining a sufficiently …
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Background Nuclear medicine and radiopharmaceutical development require coordinated radiochemistry, dosimetry, molecular imaging, radiation-safety and clinical decision processes. Current workflows remain fragmented, difficult to audit and poorly standardised …
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly entering health professions education, yet its applications in laboratory-based disciplines have not been systematically mapped. This scoping review examined how generative AI is being used in medical…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The rapid adoption of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education has created new opportunities for learning while raising concerns about cognitive offloading, reduced mental effort, and the erosion of foundational academic skills. Although exi…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used for mental health support, through both purpose-built products and general-purpose large language models (LLMs), at a pace far greater than evidence of their efficacy or safety. There is no consensu…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into higher education marks a radical epistemic shift, unsettling long-held assumptions about how knowledge is made, taught, and judged. This paper argues that the theory of living structure offers a timely…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Artificial intelligence now occupies two roles in mental health that call for different sciences. As an intervention it is deliberately deployed to improve care or to improve understanding. As an exposure it is not deployed for those purposes at all but encoun…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Large language models, multimodal foundation models, and agent systems are increasingly being integrated into geographic research by linking natural-language interaction with remote sensing, geospatial data, and specialized analytical tools. This review combin…
europepmc
Yimeng Wang, Minggui Lou, Ziyou Guo, Tieru Wu
2026
置信度 0.80
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As neuroimaging workflows grow increasingly reliant on complex computational ecosystems, cloud and cluster computing, and open science standards, academic training programs must evolve to provide relevant instruction and practice. This paper describes the desi…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Despite the strategic importance of Artificial Intelligence (AI), organizations struggle to translate ambition into execution. Failures rarely stem from algorithmic shortcomings alone; the deeper issue is misalignment between AI efforts and the broade…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Generative artificial intelligence (AI) coding assistants can substantially accelerate research workflows in ecology, fisheries science, and related quantitative disciplines, but they also create new pathways for accidental or adversarial disclosure of confide…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background AI tools are increasingly deployed in UK domiciliary care, but no governance framework has been developed for this context. Existing AI governance frameworks from the MHRA, NICE, and NHS England were designed for clinical, hospital-based se…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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People increasingly turn to conversational AI for companionship, emotional support, and well-being, using both purpose-built companion apps such as Replika and Character.ai and general-purpose assistants such as ChatGPT and Claude. While some evidence suggests…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background Saudi Arabia has been moving rapidly toward digitalizing its educational system, driven largely by the ambitious goals of Vision 2030, which has placed AI integration at the forefront of educational reform. Yet despite this growing momentum…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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SUMMARY The transition from tumor necrosis factor α (TNF)-induced plasma membrane-bound complex I to cytosolic death-inducing complex II switches cells from survival to death. However, the precise regulation of this fatal decision is incompletely understood. H…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Researchers increasingly consult several large language models on the same question and adopt whichever answer best supports their prior conclusion — a practice we call model shopping. We formalize model shopping as the AI-era analogue of p-hacking: the error-…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Introduction : Pandemic vaccination requires rapid and systematic post-marketing safety monitoring, particularly to detect rare, complex adverse events of special interest (AESI) that are often not identified during early clinical trials. Artificial i…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Artificial intelligence systems increasingly shape how people think, feel, and act, particularly in high-impact domains such as healthcare, education, and social support. While significant attention has been paid to technical performance, bias, privacy, and se…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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The EU Artificial Intelligence Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1689) designates AI systems used in employment, worker management, and access to self-employment as high-risk under Annex III. Such systems attract stringent obligations for risk management, data governa…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the rapid advancement and integration of emerging technologies in medical device development, focusing on Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), Augmented Reality (AR), and cybersecur…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Biological psychology links mental phenomena and physiological processes, advancing our understanding of the human condition and informing clinical applications. Unlocking this potential demands rigorous and transparent methodology. Artificial Intelligence (AI…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Identifying the determinants of citation impact is a core concern of scientometrics , yet these determinants are seldom studied in fast-moving, interdisciplinary technological fields. This paper examines one such field-the application of artificial in…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Scientific work depends on memory, provenance, and continuity across projects, yet most agentic scientist systems are evaluated in bounded workflows or short benchmark runs. We describe a persistent fleet of cooperative AI scientist agents that operated contin…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Artificial intelligence is a rapidly evolving technology whose capabilities are expanding quickly, leaving instructors across higher education to determine how to integrate it into teaching with little shared guidance. This paper reports on a Faculty Learning …
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background This study explored the use of data science and artificial intelligence (AI) to develop a clinical and academic health research network focused on alcohol, addiction, and mental health research in Northern England. The aim was to create a s…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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The threats to cumulative knowledge in the behavioural and social sciences are by now well documented, from computational irreproducibility and low statistical power to measurement validity gaps and citation misrepresentation. Meta-scientific research has iden…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly influencing healthcare delivery by supporting clinical decision-making, improving workflow efficiency, and expanding access to health information. In nursing, however, effective care depends not …
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in construction to forecast duration, monitor progress, prioritise risk, support procurement and logistics, improve supply chain visibility, and compare environmental trade-offs. These applications are often ju…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Background Stroke remains one of the leading causes of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, with low- and middle-income countries bearing a disproportionate share of the global disease burden. In India, delays in risk identification, fragmented referr…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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In this conceptual paper, we argue that motivation science provides a valuable yet underutilized framework for understanding and designing digital and AI-supported learning environments. To illustrate this, we first review studies included in a recent meta-ana…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT Prediction in dynamic situations, in which relevant elements evolve over time, is a fundamental cognitive function. The brain relies on specialized predictive mechanisms, including time compaction, a process that supports dynamic processing by embeddi…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Abstract This study employed a quasi-experimental parallel mixed-methods design to investigate the effects of AI-assisted language learning tools on Bonga University Plant Science Department first year learners' speaking anxiety, speaking motivation, and speak…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Protein oligomers are ubiquitous in biological systems and essential for function. However, the de novo design of oligomers that controllably assemble in response to exogenous stimuli remains challenging. Here, we present an AI-based generative approach that l…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are increasingly embedded in adolescents’ daily lives, yet developmental science research struggles to keep pace with adoption. This mixed-methods study gathered developmental expert perspectives via a survey (n = 141 rese…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Enterprise adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) systems, including Generative AI (GenAI), Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), and agentic AI, is advancing faster than many organizations can adapt their governance, audit, cybersecurity, and execu…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in cancer progression and therapeutic response, with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) being a key stromal component. Conventional tumor organoid models lack TME elements, and existing co-culture system…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background Communication failures at handover in domiciliary care are persistent, consequential, and poorly understood relative to their scale. Research on handover failure has focused predominantly on acute clinical settings; far less is known about …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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AI in transportation is built largely on deep learning models. The models run on edge devices with hard energy constraints. To be green, they must therefore be energy efficient. Much of the literature labels them green . This review examines whether such claim…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract The growing strain on freshwater and coastal systems has highlighted the value of community science, which provides an affordable means of enhancing environmental intelligence beyond what traditional methods alone can achieve. Critically, community sc…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background: This systematic review evaluates the impact of ambient-AI-enabled and structured-by-design clinical documentation technologies on predictive modeling in healthcare. Building onthe expansion of electronic health records, the review synthesi…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) frameworks for automating scientific research have shown strong performance on benchmarks, but their capacity to routinely reproduce results from multiple real-life published studies remains largely untested. We evaluated five adva…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Protein function emerges from dynamic conformational ensembles and transitions that are challenging to characterize experimentally and computationally. Recent advances in generative AI have created new opportunities for learning molecular thermodynamics, kinet…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background Herbal medicines are used together with prescription drugs by many patients across multiple clinical settings, yet the global pharmacovigilance reporting databases, the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), WHO VigiBase, EudraVigilanc…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Generative AI is the most rapidly adopted technology in human history, with adolescents among its earliest and most active users. This systematic review synthesized 82 peer-reviewed empirical studies on adolescent (defined as mean age between 10–20) AI use pub…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background Artificial intelligence (AI) is a broad field encompassing various techniques, which include algorithms that learn from data to perform automated tasks without explicit human programming. Public health aims to protect and improve the health…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract This study employed a quasi excremental parallel mixed-methods design to investigate the effects of AI-assisted language learning tools on Bonga University Plant science department first year learners' speaking anxiety, speaking motivation, and speaki…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming entrepreneurial ecosystems by reshaping business models, decision-making processes, and competitive dynamics. Entrepreneurs face significant organizational, technological, and regulatory challenges when …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Dravet syndrome (DS) is a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy whose clinical and research representation requires integration of heterogeneous knowledge spanning seizures, development, behavior, SUDEP/autonomic risk, genetics, comorbidities, elec…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background Breast cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide, causing around 2.3 million cases and 685,000 deaths annually. Infrared thermography (IRT) is a non-ionizing, low-cost adjunct to mammographic screening, particularly valuable in low- an…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has raised critical challenges for the authenticity and effectiveness of traditional Computer Science homework assignments. This study investigates how assignment design can support genuine learning in the…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Existing AI-assisted martial arts training systems face three persistent limitations: uniform evaluation criteria applied across diverse martial arts styles, the absence of a closed-loop corrective feedback mechanism, and insufficient theoretical grou…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a major cause of clinical attrition and postmarketing withdrawal, but structure only DILI predictors are difficult to compare because public benchmarks are vulnerable to compound overlap, scaffold similarity and shared …
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Higher education institutions (HEIs) in emerging economies face a persistent paradox: while graduate enrolment continues to expand, many graduates remain inadequately prepared for professional practice. Addressing this challenge, this study develops a…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Purpose The use of AI technology in clear aligner treatment has become a common practice in interproximal reduction. This scoping review maps and synthesises the available evidence on how AI affects the accuracy of interproximal reduction ( IPR) simul…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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For 2 decades, online research has relied on a quality heuristic: Careful, coherent responding is good data. That heuristic is no longer reliable. Autonomous artificial-intelligence (AI) agents can now pass nearly all conventional quality checks, and in text-r…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Artificial intelligence (AI) systems and large language models (LLMs) offer substantial potential to augment or even fundamentally change elements of psychological assessment and treatment. However, current AI technologies have yet to demonstrate the capacity …
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Summary Productive infection by Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) requires initiation of efficient viral gene expression. Upon nuclear entry, HSV-1 genomes are associated with several cellular factors, including DNA repair proteins. It is unclear how these c…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Smart textiles have progressed from conventional passive sensing fabrics to advanced cyber-physical systems capable of integrating sensing, actuation, computation, and wireless communication within a single textile platform. With a focus on circular economy pr…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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The pressing need for advanced control strategies that surpass the limitations of traditional distributed control systems is essential for enhancing green hydrogen production using electrolyser technologies to gigawatt capacities. Digital twin technology has s…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Background Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming aquaculture through data-driven production management, environmental monitoring, and intelligent decision support. Despite growing scholarly interest, current knowledge remains fragmented across disciplin…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Despite some apprehensions and skepticism, the rapid diffusion of artificial intelligence into educational ecosystems is beginning to change how early childhood education supports, assesses, and intervenes with our youngest children – particularly tho…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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High-quality experimental datasets that link protein–ligand structures with binding affinity data are essential for developing and evaluating structure-based machine learning methods. To help address this need, we established OpenBind as an open-science initia…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into medical imaging, enhancing image quality, reducing diagnostic errors, and optimizing radiation dose. Successful AI adoption, however, depends significantly on human factors, part…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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This systematic literature review examines the ethical challenges associated with integrating generative chatbots in educational contexts. Guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework, the review synthesised peer-reviewed empirical and theoretical studies published bet…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Kidney-function assessment relies on blood urea as a clinically informative metabolic marker; however, its dependence on venipuncture and centralised laboratory testing limits high-frequency monitoring and delays timely clinical intervention. Here, we report a…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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The gayal ( Bos frontalis ) is an endangered semi-domesticated bovine species renowned for its high-quality beef. However, its semi-feral lifestyle, ongoing habitat fragmentation, and extensive genetic introgression from sympatric local cattle have led to dram…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Commercial AI text detectors are increasingly used by journals, universities, and grant reviewers to screen scientific writing for AI authorship. A foundational 2023 study reported a 61.3% mean false-positive rate across seven detectors on essays by n…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract AI coding agents can accelerate software delivery, but the requirements artifacts business analysts produce were designed for human teams that fill specification gaps with tacit knowledge — a contract that breaks when the executor is a machine. This p…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract This study employed an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. A questionnaire survey of 835 K–12 teachers showed that older age, teaching subjects such as mathematics and science, and female gender was negatively associated with AI literacy. Sem…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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As artificial intelligence increasingly permeates healthcare, it remains unclear whether clinical medicine students and professionals are adequately prepared for this transformation. This study aimed to investigate AI awareness, usage patterns, teaching needs,…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Increasingly, machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) methods are being applied in medical microbiology and infection science. With this comes the challenge of educating professionals in these domains on the fundamental theory and methods of ML …
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background Artificial intelligence (AI) is a broad field encompassing various techniques, which include algorithms that learn from data to perform automated tasks without explicit human programming. Public health aims to protect and improve the health…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Currently, cases of bullying and violence in secondary schools in Indonesia are showing an increasing trend. Therefore, the development of a proactive early detection system focused on the welfare and mental health of students is a primary goal. Current dynami…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into health systems requires instruments capable of diagnosing student performance beyond global scores, explaining why a failure occurs and how to remediate it, without delegating decisions to opaque algorithms.…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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High-throughput transcriptomics has transformed disease biology, but its outputs often remain fragmented into gene and pathway lists that are difficult to compare across conditions or use for human-AI interpretation. We developed a five-dimensional (5-D) funct…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Flexible behavior requires moving adaptively between cognitive modes, between memory and generalization, or cached inference and step-by-step reasoning. Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a language to formalize adaptive behavior in terms of learning and meta-…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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The objective of this scoping review is to investigate how authenticity is conceptualized and operationalized in research on AI conversational agents and how it is theoretically and empirically related to anthropomorphism. AI conversational agents are increasi…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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In vivo infrared thermography is limited by the inherently poor spatial resolution at long wavelengths, low contrast, and the lack of biocompatible contrast agents. Here, we present 3–5 μm mid-wave infrared (MWIR) thermography enhanced by an artificial intelli…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Generative AI offers transformative potential for science lesson planning but poses risks of passive use and scientific hallucinations for pre-service science teachers (PSTs), highlighting an urgent need for structured co-design frameworks in science …
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming agricultural decision-making through data-driven approaches to resource management, production planning, and risk mitigation. As digital agriculture continues to expand, research on AI-supported farmers’…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Space biology literature is growing exponentially. Existing infrastructure has not kept pace with organizing, synthesizing, and disseminating this knowledge. We present SpaceBio SpaceBio Knowledge Hub ( www.spacebio.space ), an integrated digital ecosystem tha…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Background: Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is rapidly transforming health informatics through applications in evidence synthesis, clinical decision support, digital biomarkers, and healthcare research. However, the adaptive nature of foundation mod…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Running a vocational training program requires connected decisions, not merely a published course. This conceptual framework article combines design-science research with a tutorial format to show how AI-supported decisions can be linked without confusing mode…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) systems built on foundation models now exert structural influence over economic, healthcare, educational, and civic decision-making across the globe. Yet the organizations that own, train, and govern these systems are over…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Generative artificial intelligence has reduced the technical cost of producing scientific text, but increased output does not by itself produce cumulative knowledge, conceptual novelty, or epistemic progress. This article develops the Reinforcement Learning Co…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are increasingly embedded in adolescents’ daily lives, yet developmental science research struggles to keep pace with adoption. This mixed-methods study gathered developmental expert perspectives via a survey (n = 141 rese…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Academic integrity policy for generative artificial intelligence has been built almost entirely on the essay. Detection tools, process-evidence requirements and assessment-security guidance all assume an extended prose artefact, then apply unchanged t…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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BACKGROUND: Healthcare systems increasingly generate large volumes of clinical, imaging, genomic, wearable and real-world healthcare data. However, fragmentation across healthcare infrastructures continues to limit interoperability, integrated evidence generat…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Grant peer review increasingly depends on fine-grained numerical scores to rank many formally excellent proposals. In the era of generative and agentic AI, this architecture may be losing resolution. We analyse score-distribution data from EU Marie Skłodowska-…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The increasing integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into knowledge work has created a significant "Jagged Technological Frontier," where human-AI system performance is inconsistent and unpredictable. Current literature often treats these systems as blac…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Artificial intelligence is spreading through public health agencies and healthcare systems faster than workforces are trained to govern it. We describe RHAMI (Responsible Health AI Readiness and Maturity Index), the first human-centered automated comp…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Virtual patients need a useful coordinate system before they can model patient-specific dynamics. Most models in AI for science operate at molecular, cellular, or organ-specific scales. However, treatment decisions are made across a whole person and across dif…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (AI)-powered simulated patients may expand access to adaptive and repeatable clinical training, yet evidence concerning their educational effectiveness, technical implementation, and responsible use remains fragmente…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract The challenge of anthropogenic climate change requires a paradigm shift in analysis, moving beyond traditional modeling constraints toward the application of computational intelligence. Geospatial Artificial Intelligence (GeoAI), an emergent interdisc…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Background: UK central government has built a substantial body of pre-deployment AI assurance practice, anchored in departmental assurance questionnaires, the Artificial Intelligence Playbook for the UK Government (Government Digital Service, 2025), the Algori…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly showing the potential to generate outputs with impact ranging from emotional support to belief distortion. However, a critical gap in AI safety research persists: current frameworks fail to capture how virtuous and…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Regulatory science for AI medical devices has moved toward lifecycle oversight: predetermined change-control plans, living device databases, and machine-learning standards assume software evolves after market entry. The public records through which ho…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Background Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) is an established treatment for mitral regurgitation but remains highly dependent on operator experience and complex transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)-guided intraprocedural imaging. Artificial intellige…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a major force in mathematics education, reshaping teaching, learning, assessment, and educational decision-making. Despite rapid growth in the literature, most reviews have focused on specific technologies or ap…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The rapid paradigm shift from traditional keyword-matching algorithms to AI-driven answer engines has fundamentally disrupted Search Engine Optimization (SEO). As Large Language Models (LLMs) power modern Search Generative Experiences (SGE), organizations must…
preprints
2026
置信度 0.74