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• Compact Memristive Neuromorphic Braille Keyboard
  crossref Vasudev S Mallan, Aidana Irmanova, Alex P James 2025-09-17T17:29:26Z 置信度 0.70
• Uniform Stability of Fractional-order Memristive Neural Networks with Hybrid Time-Varying Delays
  crossref Xiaofang Hu, Leimin Wang 2021-11-29T20:59:32Z 置信度 0.70
• Pre-synaptic DC bias controls the plasticity and dynamics of three-terminal neuromorphic electrolyte-gated organic transistors
  Abstract The role of pre-synaptic DC bias is investigated in three-terminal organic neuromorphic architectures based on electrolyte-gated organic transistors—EGOTs. By means of pre-synaptic offset it is possible to finely control the number of discrete conduct…
  crossref Federico Rondelli, Anna De Salvo, Gioacchino Calandra Sebastianella, Mauro Murgia 等 2023-01-16T22:31:38Z 置信度 0.70
• Resistive memories to enable frugal AI devices
  crossref Elisa Vianello, Filippo Moro, Tifenn Hirtzlin, Emmanuel Hardy 等 2022-03-30T08:35:25Z 置信度 0.70
• Special Issue of Interface on Neuromorphic Computing: An Introduction and State of the Field
  The human brain integrates and processes information to perform complex cognitive tasks within approximately 20 watts of power. Today’s fastest supercomputer is unable to deliver the power requirements and the number of operations at the same energy levels. In…
  crossref Durgamadhab Misra 2023-03-31T12:46:17Z 置信度 0.70
• Hyperdimensional decoding of spiking neural networks
  Abstract This work presents a novel spiking neural network (SNN) decoding method, combining SNNs with hyperdimensional computing (HDC). This decoding method is designed to achieve high accuracy, high noise robustness, low inference latency and low energy consu…
  crossref Cedrick Kinavuidi, Luca Peres, Oliver Rhodes 2026-03-19T09:50:36Z 置信度 0.70
• ViT-LCA: A Neuromorphic Approach for Vision Transformers
  crossref Sanaz Mahmoodi Takaghaj 2025-09-25T17:52:35Z 置信度 0.70
• Battery-Inspired Electrochemical Synapses for Neuromorphic Applications.
  Artificial synapses capable of analog memory and adaptive learning are key components for neuromorphic computing systems. To emulate biological synaptic functions effectively, artificial devices must exhibit gradual conductance modulation, linear responses to …
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Array of Cointegrated Transistor-Based Artificial Neurons and Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Photonic-Enabled Energy-Efficient Transparent Neuromorphic Computing Devices: A Review.
  ABSTRACT In the evolving field of artificial intelligence (AI), two notable trends are emerging: the rapid growth of large AI model sizes and the surge of vast amounts of data. Moore's law emphasizes the need for alternative computing paradigms to meet the ris…
  europepmc Shuvaraj Ghosh, Ki‐bum Lee, Junghyeon Lee, Seunghee Cho 等 2026 置信度 0.80
• Tactile Neuromorphic Ion-Gated Vertical Transistor Displays Enabling Dual-Output Reservoir Computing.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Wafer-Scale 3D Integration for High-Density Multi-Valued Neuromorphic Logic.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Neuromorphic Near-Sensor and In-Sensor Computing Enabled by Next-Generation Material-Based Sensors.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Coexisting Volatile and Nonvolatile Switching in 3D ALD-IGZO Vertical RRAM for Fully Hardware-Based Wide Reservoir Computing.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Charge-Encoded Sidechains Enable Deterministic Ion Ingress and Memory Retention in Organic Electrochemical Synaptic Transistors.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Noise-Tunable Memristor Enabling Programmable Probabilistic Neurons for Frequency-Selective Time-Series Signal Encoding.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Sustainable Synaptic Device with Two-Dimensional Ferroelectric Materials for Neuromorphic Computing.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• A Bilayer Rare-Earth/High-κ Oxide Memristor for Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Intelligence.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• A ferroelectric-ionic-trapping transistor for low power and secure neuromorphic computing.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• A Review on Multi-Level Asymmetric Design for 2D Neuromorphic Devices.
  Asymmetry has emerged as a critical design strategy for implementing essential neuromorphic functionalities, such as directional signal propagation, programmable plasticity, and bio-inspired dynamics. This principle involves deliberately breaking symmetry at v…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Ultralow Energy Optoelectronic Synapse Using Halide Perovskite/Organic Semiconductor Heterostructure for Neuromorphic Computing, Optical Logic and Wireless Communication.
  With the advancement of artificial intelligence, the emulation of biological neural processes through neuromorphic computing has gained significant attention. Artificial optoelectronic synapses have emerged as promising components for neuromorphic computing du…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Surface Acoustic Wave-Guided Reconfigurable Memristor.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Iodide-Coated CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Nanowires for Resistive-Switching Memory in Neuromorphic Systems and Edge Computing.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• In-Sensor-Memory Computing for Post-Von Neumann Intelligence: A Perspective.
  The rapid growth of artificial intelligence, ubiquitous sensing, and edge computing is exposing fundamental limitations of conventional von Neumann architectures, in which the physical separation of sensing, memory, and computation leads to excessive data move…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Hafnium-Based Ferroelectric Post-Moore Electronics: Device Physics, Integration Architectures, and Neuromorphic System Implementation.
  Hafnium-based ferroelectric (Hf-FEs) materials overcome the limitations of perovskite ferroelectric materials. Owing to their compatibility with the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process and high scalability, Hf-FEs devices have driven the developmen…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Triboelectric Wearable Sensors for Human-Centric Smart Electronics: From Self-Powered Sensing to Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Human-Machine Interface Systems.
  As intelligent electronics become increasingly integrated into daily life, health care, virtual interaction, and assistive systems, human-machine interfaces (HMIs) require sensing platforms that are not only wearable and self-powered but also capable of transl…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Stretchable Organic Electrochemical Transistors with High Transconductance for Bioelectronic and Neuromorphic Applications.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Dual-functional acetogenin nanofibers: bridging biomedical activity with brain-inspired neuromorphic devices.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Superconducting artificial neural networks and quantum circuits.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• A hierarchical neuromorphic multi agent framework for energy aware and secure 6G resource optimization using Neuro6G agent.
  The convergence of Sixth-Generation (6G) wireless networks and neuromorphic computing presents significant opportunities for intelligent, energy-efficient resource management in distributed architectures. This paper introduces Neuro6G-Agent, a hierarchical neu…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Optoelectronic Synaptic Transistors Based on Colloidal CdSe Nanowires for Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Computing.
  Neuromorphic computing─which mimics biological synaptic functions─has garnered significant attention as a promising candidate for overcoming the limitations of conventional von Neumann computing. Various synaptic devices exhibiting short- and long-term plastic…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Crystallization-Driven Stable Resistive Switching and Reproducible Synaptic Learning in GeSe-Based Artificial Synapses.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Field-Free Spin-Splitting-Torque Driven Stochastic Neuron Mimicking the Neuromorphic Imagination for High-Performance Recognition.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Ultrawide Charge-Trap Memory Window and Photoinduced Synaptic Behavior in p-Channel Amorphous Oxide Semiconductors.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Bioinspired Tripartite Synaptor with Conjoined Twin Transistors for Homeostasis in Neuromorphic Hardware.
  As researchers seek to employ neuromorphic computing to overcome the limitations of conventional von Neumann architecture, mimicking the biological properties of neural systems has become increasingly critical. In tripartite synapses, astrocytes modulate synap…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Amorphous to Crystalline Transition and Indium-Vacancy Mediated Synaptic Functionality With Ultralow Energy Consumption in γ-Phase Indium (III) Selenide.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Topological acoustic synapse for high-dimensional neuromorphic computing.
  The human brain performs complex, high-dimensional (HD) computations, such as causal reasoning, counterfactual thinking, and abstraction, with ~10 11 neurons while consuming ~20 watts of power. Neuromorphic computing seeks similar efficiency, but current devic…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• An all-in-one electrochromic neuromorphic display.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Grain-Size-Controlled Resistive Switching Memories Enabling Domain-Specific Functionality for Real-Time Video Signal Processing.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Two-terminal β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> photo-synapse for diversified in-sensor computing via self-trapped holes engineering.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Polymer-Based Linear and Symmetric Artificial Synaptic Memristors for Accurate and Reliable Neuromorphic Computing Applications.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Dedicated and Reconfigurable Artificial Neurons and Synapses based on Two-Dimensional Materials for Efficient Neuromorphic Application.
  Neuromorphic computing, a highly promising computational architecture, has provided an efficient solution to overcome the limitations of storage-compute separation and scaling constraints. The key to implementing this architecture lies in the development of ar…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Beyond Silicon Frontiers in Neuromorphic Computing and Logic Circuits: Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Transistors.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Gate-controlled neuromodulatory optical synaptic transistor for adaptive learning and energy-accuracy balance.
  Neuromorphic vision systems demand highly efficient optical signal acquisition and adaptable, energy-aware learning capabilities. Optical synaptic transistors have emerged as promising components for in-sensor computing by directly responding to visual stimuli…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• A Perspective on Tellurium/Selenium-Based Nanomaterials for Neuromorphic Computing.
  The long-standing von Neumann architecture, while foundational to modern computing, intrinsically suffers from data-transfer inefficiency, which imposes severe limits on speed and energy efficiency in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and real-time da…
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Towards Artificial Intelligence Hardware With 3D Integrated Ferroelectric Transistors.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Underlying Framework of All-optical Controlled Synaptic Devices for Neuromorphic Computing.
  Abstract The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence has led to significant challenges in energy consumption and computational efficiency. To address these issues, the exploration and development of all-optical controlled (AOC) synaptic devices represents a…
  europepmc Dunan Hu, Ruqi Yang, Zhizhen Ye, Jianguo Lu 2026 置信度 0.80
• Chiropto-Neuromorphic Devices Based on a Photocatalytic Dye/Polymer Semiconductor Bulk Heterojunction for Circularly Polarized Light Detection and Memorization.
  Neuromorphic computing, which emulates the energy-efficient processing of the human brain, has emerged as a key technology for next-generation artificial intelligence. Integrating sensitivity to circularly polarized light (CPL) provides an additional degree of…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Machine Learning-Based Prediction Framework for Complex Neuromorphic Dynamics of Third-Order Memristive Neurons at the Edge of Chaos.
  As conventional computing architectures face fundamental physical limitations and the von Neumann bottleneck constrains computational efficiency, neuromorphic systems have emerged as a promising paradigm for next-generation information processing. Memristive n…
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Can neuromorphic computing help reduce AI's high energy cost?
  Artificial intelligence systems, and large language models (LLMs) in particular, have become almost ubiquitous.The implications are many.Among them: serious concerns about massive amounts of energy usage.The initial training of GPT-3 required as much energy as…
  europepmc Stephen Ornes 2025 置信度 0.80
• Ferroelectric nanodot reservoir for neuromorphic computing.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Event-Based Vision at the Edge: A Review.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Fabrication of Stochastic Ni@PVP Nanowire Networks for Memristive Platforms.
  Single memristive nanowire networks have emerged as a promising pathway for energy-efficient neuromorphic computing, owing to their intrinsic nonlinearity, high dimensionality, fading memory and volatile switching dynamics relevant to physical reservoir comput…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Bio-inspired cognitive robotics vs. embodied AI for socially acceptable, civilized robots.
  Although cognitive robotics is still a work in progress, the trend is to "free" robots from the assembly lines of the third industrial revolution and allow them to "enter human society" in large numbers and many forms, as forecasted by Industry 4.0 and beyond.…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• A Monolithic Ferroelectric-Ionic Duality for Stochastic-Neuromorphic Core Integration.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Biological fidelity: The engine driving the neuromorphic renaissance.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Programmable ferroelectric rectifier for reliable and efficient neuromorphic crossbar array.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• A Low-Voltage Stretchable Synaptic Transistor Array for Temperature Perception, Facilitated Associative Learning, and Neuromorphic Computing.
  Stretchable synaptic transistors are promising candidates for brain-inspired neuromorphic systems in soft robotics and wearable electronics, where temperature perception and low-power operation are critical for biological fidelity and energy efficiency. Howeve…
  europepmc Dingzhou Cui, Zhiyuan Zhao, Fugu Tian, Qi Zheng 等 2025 置信度 0.80
• Advances in Gel-Based Electrolyte-Gated Flexible Visual Synapses for Neuromorphic Vision Systems.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Editorial: Algorithm-hardware co-optimization in neuromorphic computing for efficient AI.
  europepmc Amirreza Yousefzadeh, Alberto Patiño-Saucedo, Guido De Croon, Manolis Sifalakis 2025 置信度 0.80
• A highly energy-efficient multi-core neuromorphic architecture for training deep spiking neural networks.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Quantum-Dot Neuromorphic Edge AI for Ultra-Secure IoT and Brain-Inspired Computing
  In order to achieve ultra-secure, adaptive, and low-power intelligence for distributed IoT environments, this paper presents a next-generation neuromorphic edge architecture that combines quantum-dot nanomaterials with spiking neural computation. Because of th…
  europepmc Pushkar Sharma, Ashwini Mali, Payal Panigrahi, Sandhyarani Dora 等 2025 置信度 0.80
• Interface-engineered Gd₂O₃/ZrO₂ bilayer memristor for emulating synaptic plasticity in neuromorphic systems.
  Rare-earth-based materials are attracting growing interest for neuromorphic devices due to their unique electronic structures, defect engineering capabilities, and high ionic mobility, which enable energy-efficient and highly controllable memristive switching …
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• A Review of Embedded Artificial Intelligence Research (2023-2026): Technological Advancements, Representative Advances, and Future Prospects.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Design principles of neuromorphic computing using genetic circuits
  Cells have evolved to sense a wide range of input combinations and integrate those signals through signaling pathways to produce context-specific responses, such as differentiation, cell-type specification, and patterning. To replicate this information-process…
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• HyperFabric Interconnect (HFI): A Unified, Scalable Communication Fabric for HPC, AI, Quantum, and Neuromorphic Workloads
  The evolution of high-performance computing (HPC) interconnects has produced specialized fabrics such as InfiniBand[1], Intel Omni-Path, and NVIDIA NVLink[2], each optimized for distinct workloads. However, the increasing convergence of HPC, AI/ML, quantum, an…
  europepmc Krishna Bajpai 2025 置信度 0.80
• One-Step Annealing-Configured Hf<sub>0.2</sub>Zr<sub>0.8</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Memristive-Antiferroelectric Devices for Bioinspired CSNN Neuromorphic Computing.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Self-organisation of complex dynamical systems: from synergetics to neuromorphic systems.
  The intuitive idea of self-organisation in complex dynamical systems is that global patterns and structures emerge from locally interacting elements like atoms in laser beams, molecules in chemical reactions, proteins in cells, cells in organs, neurons in brai…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Ovonic Switches Enable Energy-Efficient Dendrite-like Computing.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Multifunctional Adaptive Element for Neuromorphic Electronics Based on the Kuznetsov Tensor
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Fluorescence Modulation Behavior of Quantum Dots under Alternating Electric Fields and Applications in Logic and Neuromorphic Computing.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Reconfigurable In-Sensor Computing Memristor for Olfactory SNN and Reservoir Hybrid Neuromorphic Computing.
  Traditional gas sensing systems are facing efficiency challenges due to physically separated von Neumann architectures, making the construction of in-sensor computing neuromorphic olfactory systems urgently needed for low-power and low-latency scenarios. In th…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Energy- and Area-Efficient Ionic-Switch Activation Neuron for Monolithic 3D Neural Network Architectures.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• A Robust Biomimetic van der Waals Heterostructure Visual Neuromorphic Device for Multiscale In-Sensor Reservoir Computing.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Spin torque nano-oscillators with tilted magnetic anisotropy.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Low Power Optoelectronic Neuromorphic Memristor for In-Sensor Computing and Multilevel Hardware Security Communications.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Halide Perovskites for Neuromorphic Sensing and Computing.
  The development of semiconductor-based electronic devices has significantly advanced sensor-based data acquisition and processor-driven data analysis. However, conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technologies are now facing fundamental limitat…
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Scalable and sustainable N-Si-Ge-Te Ovonic threshold switching devices for energy-efficient artificial neuron applications
  Abstract Neuromorphic computing, inspired by biological nervous systems, yields high energy efficiency and data throughput by integrating computation and storage within memory crossbar arrays. A key requirement for neuromorphic hardware is an artificial neuron…
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Neuromorphic Devices: Materials, Structures and Bionic Applications.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• An Artificial Synaptic Device Based on InSe/Charge Trapping Layer/h-BN Heterojunction with Controllable Charge Trapping via Oxygen Plasma Treatment.
  Neuromorphic computing, an emerging computational paradigm, aims to overcome the bottlenecks of the traditional von Neumann architecture. Two-dimensional materials serve as ideal platforms for constructing artificial synaptic devices, yet existing devices base…
  europepmc Qinghui Wang, Jiayong Wang, Manjun Lu, Tieying Ma 等 2025 置信度 0.80 Neuromorphic engineeringMaterials scienceComputer scienceHeterojunctionOptoelectronics
• Heterosynaptic Memtransistors Based on Switching Operation Mechanism Using Designed Organic/Inorganic Heterostructures for Neuromorphic Electronics.
  Memtransistors using low-dimensional semiconductors represent a promising gate-tunable heterosynaptic architecture for neuromorphic computing. However, active layers of these devices have not yet been artificially designed or controlled. In this study, gate-pu…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Polyoxometalates (POMs) Memristors/Neuromorphic Devices: From Structure Engineering to Material and Function Integration.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Optoelectronic Array with Solar-Blind Ultraviolet Perception for Neuron Spatiotemporal Integration and Forgetting-Enabled Neuromorphic Computing.
  Optoelectronic neuromorphic devices capable of perceiving and memorizing light signals are essential for constructing artificial vision systems. While oxide-semiconductor-based optoelectronic devices are valued for their stable performance and mature fabricati…
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Data-In-situ Computing with One-Pixel-Multiple-Memristor Architecture for Neuromorphic Sequential Vision.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Self-calibrating neuromorphic system for adaptive environmental sensing.
  Precision agriculture demands accurate, real-time environmental monitoring, conventional soil moisture sensors face critical issues such as long-term drift, high energy consumption, and limited adaptability to dynamic environmental changes. These limitations o…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Tunable negative photoconductance states in a C<sub>60</sub> device with optically induced trap center reconfiguration.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Quantum Computing Emulation using Neuromorphic Artificial Spiking Neurons
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Large-Area Polymorphic In<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> Ferroelectric Transistor Array for Stable Nonvolatile Storage and High-Precision Neuromorphic Computing.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Polycrystalline Perovskite Wafers as an Efficient Multisensory Integration Platform for Neuromorphic Computing
  Abstract Neuromorphic computing requires materials that integrate adaptive functionalities with scalable, cost-effective fabrication. Halide perovskites offer exceptional optoelectronic performance, but single-crystal growth is prohibitively costly and limits …
  europepmc Gang Liu, Shu Zhou, Lue Zhou, Shuyao Han 等 2025 置信度 0.80
• Quantum-entangled feature selection and spiking graph transformer networks for early detection of childhood behavioral markers.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Electric-Field-Controlled Altermagnetic Transition for Neuromorphic Computing.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Optically/electrically controlled Ag<sup>+</sup> metallization in solution-processed oxide memtransistors for neuromorphic computing.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Artificial sparse neuron dendrites for visual information inference.
  In the human brain, dendrites exhibit nonlinear integration and sparse parallel processing capabilities, which can effectively perform visual tasks by integrating only a small subset of neuronal signals and play a crucial role in high-level information inferen…
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Oxide interface-based polymorphic electronic devices for neuromorphic computing.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Reconfigurable Adaptive Synapse and Logic Device by Ambipolar Ferroelectric Semiconductor.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80
• Multifunctional Ultralow-Power-Consumption Artificial Optoelectronic Synapses Based on the Heterojunctions of MoO<sub>3</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> for Neuromorphic Computing and Bionic Visual Systems.
  Due to the high energy and processing efficiencies, brain-inspired optoelectronic synaptic systems provide a promising solution for next-generation artificial vision computing. However, synapses based on single oxides face the challenge of high-power consumpti…
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Bio-Inspired Optical Synapse Based on MoS<sub>2</sub> for Neuromorphic Computing.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Intrinsic nanofilament pathways in molecular crystals enable energy-efficient and reliable memristors.
  europepmc 2025 置信度 0.80
• Volatile threshold switching and neural dynamics emulation in a chitosan-ZnO memristor for neuromorphic computing.
  Neuromorphic computing demands energy-efficient and biologically plausible devices to emulate neural dynamics and sensory processing. This study explores the development and application of a chitosan-doped ZnO memristor for neuromorphic computing, focusing on …
  europepmc Yanmei Sun, Rui Liu, Zekai Zhang 2025 置信度 0.80
• Top 10 ground challenges in microsystems and nanoengineering.
  europepmc 2026 置信度 0.80