[{"id":"oa:W4409357047","type":"article-journal","title":"Systematic review and thematic analysis of the utilization of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in construction materials","abstract":"Abstract Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as promising organic nanomaterials due to their unique physicochemical properties and versatile applications. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in exploring the role of CQDs in improving the performance of construction and building materials, including cement, concrete, and asphalt. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of recent articles focusing on the synthesis methods of CQDs and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), their characteristics, and their effects on the mechanical, thermal, and durability properties of cement-based materials. Furthermore, the potential challenges and future research directions in this field towards carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) direction are also discussed. The mechanisms behind these improvements are analyzed, focusing on the interfacial bonding between CQDs, seeding nucleation of the cement hydration process, and filling effect. Additionally, the review addresses the challenges associated with CQD implementation, such as cost-effectiveness and large-scale implementation. Finally, a suggested outline for optimizing CQDs used in construction materials in many research directions is discussed, suggesting novel ways for high-performance, functional, and sustainable construction materials for smart applications. Graphical Abstract","author":[{"family":"Prasittisopin","given":"Lapyote"},{"family":"Nganglumpoon","given":"Rungkiat"},{"family":"Thongchom","given":"Chanachai"},{"family":"Panpranot","given":"Joongjai"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s40712-025-00258-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40712-025-00258-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412702640","type":"article-journal","title":"Artificial intelligence and material design in carbon capture and utilization: A review of emerging synergies","abstract":"• CCUS play a critical role in fighting climate change. • Next-generation adsorbents and catalysts should be developed for improving CCUS. • AI, ML, IoT and data analytics are currently revolutionizing CCUS. • AI and ML offer smarter monitoring of CO 2 and process optimization. Climate change is driven by large greenhouse gas emissions, which have raised an alarm in efforts to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide levels with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS), drawing attention to decarbonization efforts. This review examines the convergence of next-generation materials science and digital technologies in upgrading CCUS systems, wherein advancements in adsorbents, membranes, and catalysts for carbon capture and utilization are carefully examined. The paper further explores how digitalization, through artificial intelligence, machine learning, Internet of Things (IoT), and data analytics, is transforming CCUS process monitoring, optimization, and materials discovery. The studies demonstrate interesting findings in the domain of AI-coupled material systems, which have accelerated the screening of over 260,000 potential structures, reduced heat requirements by up to 50% in temperature swing adsorption processes, and improved carbon capture efficiency by 20% while decreasing energy consumption by 15%. However, widespread CCUS implementation faces significant challenges, including scalability, high costs (USD 70–150 million for initial deployment), geographical mismatches between emission sources and storage sites, and public concerns about environmental risks.","author":[{"family":"Tawalbeh","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Sabri","given":"Moin"},{"family":"Kazim","given":"Hisham"},{"family":"Alothman","given":"Amani"},{"family":"Almomani","given":"Fares"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100470","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100470","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413300065","type":"manuscript","title":"The Role of Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) Technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Achieving Net Zero Carbon Footprint: Advances, Implementation Challenges, and Future Perspectives","abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO₂), the primary anthropogenic greenhouse gas, drives significant and potentially irreversible impacts on ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. Achieving the Paris Agreement target of limiting global warming to well below 2 °C ideally 1.5 °C requires rapid and substantial global emission reductions. While recent decades have seen advances in clean energy technologies, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) remain essential for deep decarbonization. Despite proven technical readiness, large-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) deployment has lagged initial targets. This review evaluates CCS technologies and their contributions to net-zero objectives, with emphasis on sector-specific applications. We found that, in the iron and steel industry, post-combustion CCS and oxy-combustion demonstrate potential to achieve the highest CO₂ capture efficiencies, whereas cement decarbonization is best supported by oxy-fuel combustion, calcium looping, and emerging direct capture methods. For petrochemical and refining operations, oxy-combustion, post-combustion, and chemical looping offer effective process integration and energy efficiency gains. Direct air capture (DAC) stands out for its siting flexibility, low land-use conflict, and ability to remove atmospheric CO₂, but it’s hindered by high costs (~$100–$1,000 /t CO₂). Conversely, post-combustion capture is more cost-effective (~$47–$76 /t CO₂) and compatible with existing infrastructure. CCUS could deliver ~8% of required emission reductions for net-zero by 2050, equivalent to ~6 Gt CO₂ annually. Scaling deployment will require overcoming challenges through material innovations aided by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, improving capture efficiency, integrating CCS with renewable hybrid systems, and establishing strong, coordinated policy frameworks.","author":[{"family":"Elegbeleye","given":"Ife"},{"family":"Oguntona","given":"Olusegun"},{"family":"Elegbeleye","given":"Femi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.20944/preprints202508.1025.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202508.1025.v1","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4406186234","type":"article-journal","title":"Hydrogen production in integration with CCUS: A realistic strategy towards net zero","abstract":"It is believed that hydrogen will play an essential role in energy transition and achieving the net-zero target by 2050. Currently, global hydrogen production mostly relies on processing fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas, commonly referred to as grey hydrogen production while releasing substantial amounts of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Developing economically and technologically viable pathways for hydrogen production while eliminating CO 2 emissions becomes paramount. In this critical review, we examine the common grey hydrogen production techniques by analyzing their technical characteristics, production efficiency and costs. We further analyze the integration of carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology, establishing the zero-carbon strategy transiting from grey to blue hydrogen production with CO 2 capture and either utilized or permanently stored. Today, grey hydrogen production exhibits technological diversities, with various commercial maturities. Most methods rely on the effectiveness of catalysts, necessitating a solution to address catalyst fouling and sintering in practice. Although CCUS captures, utilizes or stores CO 2 during grey hydrogen production, its wide application faces multiple challenges regarding the technological complexity, cost, and environmental benefits. It is urgent to develop technologically mature, low-cost and low-energy-consumption CCUS technology, implementing extensive, large-scale integrated pilot projects. • Analyze the value chain of hydrogen production integrated with carbon capture, utilization and storage • Discuss novel techniques on the development of catalyst performance for hydrogen production • Analyze different carbon capture methods specifically for hydrogen production contexts • Conduct techno-economic analysis of hydrogen production integrated with carbon capture, utilization and storage","author":[{"family":"Lü","given":"Hongfang"},{"family":"Xi","given":"Dongmin"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"YF"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.134398","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.134398","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414056316","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent advances in solvent development for carbon capture","abstract":"The practices of carbon capture, storage, and utilization have the potential to reduce CO 2 emissions and the global temperature increase it causes. In this review, an examination of the various types of solvents utilized in absorption capture processes is conducted, including physical solvents and chemical solvents such as amines, deep eutectic solvents, ionic liquids, non-aqueous solvents and their blends. The chemical nature and absorption mechanisms of the different types of solvents is reviewed. Then, thorough examination of the solvents’ fundamental thermodynamic and transport properties, including viscosity, diffusivity, heat capacity, density, and phase equilibrium, is undertaken, reviewing several references, comparing the measured data and its most important findings. The final outcome of the absorption process performance is associated with the properties previously mentioned. The manuscript also includes a list of several solvents and their properties published in the recent years.","author":[{"family":"Castro","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Quevedo","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Vargas","given":"Julio"},{"family":"Orozco","given":"Gustavo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.134962","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.134962","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408031631","type":"article-journal","title":"Towards a Net Zero Cement: Strategic Policies and Systems Thinking for a Low-Carbon Future","abstract":"Abstract Purpose of Review The cement industry, responsible for 7–8% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, faces growing pressure to mitigate its environmental impact while maintaining its critical role in global infrastructure and economic development. This report explores comprehensive strategies to decarbonize the sector, emphasizing the integration of innovative technologies, sustainable practices, and robust policy frameworks. Recent Findings Key technological solutions include carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS); electrification of heat; adoption of alternative fuels; and the utilization of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as calcined clays and alternative materials. Additionally, emerging advancements like 3D printing, CO₂ mineralization, and biobased materials promise to revolutionize construction methods while reducing emissions. Policy interventions such as carbon pricing, cap-and-trade systems, research grants, tax incentives, and regulatory standards play a pivotal role in enabling this transition. Demand-side measures, including sustainable construction practices, recycling, and green procurement policies, further drive industry-wide adoption of low-carbon solutions. Summary Through a systems-thinking approach, this paper advocates for reducing material intensity across all stages of production and design, leveraging circular economy principles, and fostering resilient, low-carbon construction. Highlighting global initiatives, the study offers actionable insights for achieving net-zero targets in the cement industry by aligning stakeholders across the value chain to drive climate action while promoting equity, environmental justice, and economic sustainability.","author":[{"family":"Kumar","given":"Sanjeev"},{"family":"Gangotra","given":"Ankita"},{"family":"Barnard","given":"Michael"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40518-025-00253-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40518-025-00253-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409048497","type":"article-journal","title":"Mapping accumulated carbon storage of global mangroves from 2000 to 2020 at a 1 km resolution","abstract":"Accumulated carbon storage is a crucial indicator for assessing the health of mangrove ecosystems and can suitably reflect the changes in the carbon sequestration capacity of mangrove forests over time. Unlike carbon stock for a specific year, accumulated carbon storage measures the capacity for continuous carbon sequestration in mangroves; however, spatially explicit datasets and maps on mangrove accumulated carbon storage are yet lacking on a global scale. This study pioneered the development of a global gridded dataset of mangrove accumulated carbon storage (2000-2020) at a 1 km resolution, by utilizing the most recent high-precision mangrove distribution data from the Global Mangrove Watch. This dataset captures the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of mangrove accumulated carbon storage and pinpoints hotspots of accumulated carbon stock changes at both global and regional levels. The outcomes can help identify areas requiring protection and restoration efforts, as well as prioritize policy interventions, thereby promoting the sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems worldwide.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Moran"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Tianyuan"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Yongjuan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhiqiang"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Xudong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41597-025-04881-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-04881-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407311281","type":"article-journal","title":"Minimizing Carbon Capture Costs in Power Plants: A Novel Dimensional Analysis Framework for Techno‐Economic Evaluation of Oxyfuel Combustion, Pre‐combustion, and Post‐combustion Capture Systems","abstract":"ABSTRACT The imperative to mitigate anthropogenic CO2 emissions from power generation plants, which account for approximately 40% of global emissions, necessitates developing and deploying carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies. This study undertakes a comprehensive techno‐economic evaluation of three primary CO2 capture technologies—pre‐combustion, post‐combustion, and oxy‐fuel combustion—integrated with natural gas power plants. Utilizing Aspen HYSYS design simulation and economic assessments, the technical and economic viability of each technology were investigated, considering key metrics such as levelized cost of energy (LCOE), carbon emission intensity (CEI), cost of carbon avoidance (COA), investment costs, production costs, net present value, and rate of return. A multi‐criteria evaluation framework incorporating dimensional analysis was employed to compare the technologies, and the results revealed post‐combustion capture as the most viable option with a cost factor (CF) value of 0.85, striking an optimal balance between efficiency, costs, and environmental impact. With minimized TIC and TPC, well below the conventional processes, this study produced a unique framework for reducing costs in CCS technology deployment. Conversely, oxy‐fuel combustion has huge drawbacks regarding low profitability as it was found to have the highest total investment cost (TIC) of $8,258,483.99 and annual production cost (APC) of $9,234,870. In contrast, a higher CEI of 0.05 tCO2/MWh and COA of $150.33/tCO2 make pre‐combustion less environmentally friendly than the three technologies. The findings of this study provide critical insights to inform decision‐making in CCUS development, supporting a low‐carbon energy transition. Future research directions should focus on evaluating feasible configurations and optimizing post‐combustion capture technology for commercial‐scale deployment.","author":[{"family":"Obi","given":"Donald"},{"family":"Onyekuru","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Orga","given":"Anslem"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ese3.2089","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2089","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408346849","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparative techno-environmental analysis of grey, blue, green/yellow and pale-blue hydrogen production","abstract":"Hydrogen holds immense potential to assist in the transition from fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources, but its environmental impact depends on how it is produced. This study introduces the pale-blue hydrogen production method, which is a hybrid approach, utilizing both carbon capture and bioenergy inputs. Comparative life cycle analysis is shown for grey, blue, green and pale-blue hydrogen using cumulative energy demand, carbon footprint (CF), and water footprint. Additionally, the integration of solar-powered production methods (ground-based photovoltaic and floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems) is examined. The results showed blue hydrogen [steam methane reforming (SMR) + 56% carbon capture storage (CCS)] was 72% less, green hydrogen gas membrane (GM) 75% less, blue hydrogen [SMR+90%CCS] 88% less, and green hydrogen FPV have 90% less CF compared to grey hydrogen. Pale-blue hydrogen [50%B-50%G], blue hydrogen (GM + plasma reactor(PR)) PV and blue hydrogen (GM + PR) FPV offset 26, 48 and 52 times the emissions of grey hydrogen. • Life cycle analysis: reduced CO 2 footprint of pale-blue, blue, and green H 2 vs. grey H 2 . • Pale-blue H 2 combines solar power, water electrolysis, carbon capture, and bioenergy. • Pale-blue and blue (gas membrane + plasma reactor) H 2 offsets 26-48X grey H 2 emissions. • Pale-blue H 2 consumes 81.8% lower energy than grey H 2 , with a CED of 16.6 kWh/kg H 2 . • FPV powered green H 2 has the lowest CED at 1.08 kWh per kg H 2 .","author":[{"family":"Roy","given":"Riya"},{"family":"Antonini","given":"Giorgio"},{"family":"Hayibo","given":"Koami"},{"family":"Rahman","given":"Md"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Boutilier","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Bassi","given":"Amarjeet"},{"family":"Pearce","given":"Joshua"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.104","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.104","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414030748","type":"article-journal","title":"Performance analysis of coal-fired power plant with carbon capture integrated with a supercritical compressed carbon dioxide energy storage system","abstract":"The application of large-scale energy storage technology is an effective approach to enhancing the flexible regulation capability of power systems. Supercritical compressed carbon dioxide energy storage (SC-CCES) technology is among the most promising methods for large-scale energy storage. This paper proposes a coupled system integrating SC-CCES with carbon capture coal-fired units. The system utilizes the S-CO 2 from carbon capture coal-fired units as the working medium for the SC-CCES system, eliminating the need for a low-pressure gas storage chamber in the SC-CCES system. A thermodynamic model of the coupled system is developed, and its thermal characteristics are analyzed using a peak shaving scheme. The results indicate that the SC-CCES system enhances both the peaking flexibility and peaking depth of the coupled system compared to the carbon capture coal-fired unit alone. In pure storage mode, the coupled system can save up to 52.1 g/kWh of coal consumption during a peak shaving cycle, achieving a round-trip efficiency of 70.1 % and an energy density of 10.87 kWh/m 3 . When operating in electricity storage with heat storage mode, the SC-CCES system uses the reheated steam from the coal-fired unit to heat S-CO 2 , resulting in an energy storage efficiency of 45.49 %, an energy density of 23.1 kWh/m 3 , and a required high-pressure gas storage chamber volume of 851.4 m 3 /h. This study offers significant insights for the development of CO 2 -based energy storage technologies and supports the goals of ' carbon neutrality and peak carbon emissions reduction'.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Dongzi"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Mingzhi"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Chengfeng"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Yilin"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Yujie"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Guoqing"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Haisheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.138342","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.138342","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.7233475","type":"manuscript","title":"Assessing Renewable Energy Import Pathways for Singapore: Synergies and Trade-offs with Carbon Capture and Storage","abstract":"A strong dependence on natural gas, limited domestic renewable resources, and strict reliability requirements shape Singapore’s power system decarbonization pathway. This study evaluates the implications of Singapore’s Carbon Pricing Act and its approved cross-border electricity import plans versus flexible import designs for the year 2035. Using a linear optimization model, scenarios are developed that reflect the planned carbon tax trajectory (up to SGD 50 to SGD 80 per t CO2eq), regulated electricity imports from Cambodia, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Australia, and the deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in both retrofit and new-build configurations. The results indicate that carbon pricing alone substantially increases system costs while achieving only modest reduction in emissions. At a carbon price of SGD 80 per t CO2eq, retrofitting existing gas turbine plants with carbon capture becomes economically attractive compared to continued payment of emission taxes. Retrofit deployment enables significant emission reduction without prematurely retiring Singapore’s young and large-scale gas-fired generation fleet. Electricity imports reduce emissions further; however, when regulated non-intermittent and minimum load-factor requirements are imposed, system costs rise substantially due to additional storage and overcapacity in regulated exporting systems. Under more flexible import designs, costs are significantly lower, and imports integrate more efficiently with domestic CCS. Overall, retrofit carbon capture remains a key domestic mitigation option, even in scenarios with high import volumes, highlighting its importance within Singapore’s policy and regulatory framework.","author":[{"family":"Han","given":"Shwe"},{"family":"Addanki","given":"Thushara"},{"family":"Massier","given":"Tobias"},{"family":"Hamacher","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Han","given":"Shwe"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.2139/ssrn.7233475","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7233475","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1088/1361-6528/ae99ea","type":"article-journal","title":"Investigation of cyanometallate coordination polymers with tetraamines for carbon capture.","abstract":"Abstract Research into carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) from point sources and the atmosphere is essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. Cyanometallate (CM) coordination polymers (CPs) containing tetraamine ligands share structural similarities with some of the most effective metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for carbon capture; however, their potential for CO₂ adsorption remains largely unexplored. To address this gap, we synthesized a series of CM CPs using ferrocyanide and tetracyanonickelate (TCNi) building blocks with 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane (323) incorporated directly into the coordination network through a scalable, one-pot, room-temperature synthesis. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of Ni-323-Fe II revealed a new two-dimensional coordination polymer in which the 323 ligand coordinates to Ni centres in both facial (fac) and meridional (mer) configurations. Incorporation of the 323 ligand into the coordination network was further confirmed by infrared (IR) spectroscopy through characteristic vibrational bands. Under pure CO₂, the ferrocyanide materials Ni-323-Fe II and Zn-Fe II -323 adsorbed 2.29 and 3.00 g CO₂ per 100 g of material, respectively. In the TCNi series, Co-Ni-323 exhibited a higher CO₂ uptake (2.36 g per 100 g) than Cu-Ni-323 (1.84 g per 100 g). Adsorption–desorption cycling of Cu-Ni-323 and Zn-Fe II -323 demonstrated stable performance over ten cycles. Interestingly, under atmospheric conditions, Zn-Fe II -323 consistently adsorbed 2.44 – 2.65 g of gas per 100 g of material over ten cycles. However, additional studies are required to determine the identity of the adsorbed gas. This work demonstrates a simple, scalable, and environmentally friendly route to CM CPs using aqueous, room-temperature synthesis while highlighting the challenges associated with CO₂ adsorption when tetraamine ligands are coordinated to metal centres. These findings provide valuable insight into the design of cyanometallate coordination polymers for carbon capture applications.","author":[{"family":"Wehrle","given":"Gabriele"},{"family":"Kremer","given":"Connor"},{"family":"Berecz","given":"William"},{"family":"Mandarino","given":"Brianna"},{"family":"Campo","given":"Mark"},{"family":"Murphy","given":"Jennifer"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae99ea","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ae99ea","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13068-025-02724-4","type":"article-journal","title":"Bioenergy carbon capture storage and utilization: a critical review of market dynamics and policy implications.","abstract":"Bioenergy with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (BECCUS) is a competent technology with the potential to address global climate change challenges. However, its deployment faces significant hurdles across technological, economic, and policy domains. The production of biofuels including ethanol, methane, butanol, and biogas is accompanied by the release of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). This CO 2 can be incorporated into organic molecules through various biochemical routes as part of the metabolic mechanisms of carbon absorption. The efficiency of these carbon assimilation pathways can be improved through ongoing developments in metabolic engineering, which can increase the production of valuable bioproducts, improve carbon sequestration, and support efforts to mitigate climate change. The present review recognizes critical avenues for advancing BECCUS, emphasizing market mechanisms, technological innovations, and cross-sector integration in both developed and developing countries such as India. The review recommends policy modifications aimed at establishing a transparent framework related to carbon pricing, emission trading systems, and proper certification mechanisms for biogenic carbon utilization. These modifications, coupled with the integration of renewable energy systems, would not only stimulate BECCUS adoption, but also foster its economic feasibility and sustainability. Additionally, promising technologies such as chemical looping and microalgae-based carbon capture should be technologically scaled up to ensure industrial-level applications. The integration of BECCUS with other sectors is also critical to optimize the impact of this technology on climate change mitigation. Therefore, the present review highlights the need for a robust policy framework, technology-driven innovation, and cross-sector research collaboration to resolve the challenges associated with BECCUS, boost its adoption, and ensure its economic feasibility and environmental sustainability. Moreover, providing regulatory support, augmenting market competitiveness, and aligning research on BECCUS play a transformative role in attaining the goals of the Paris Agreement and promoting environmental sustainability.","author":[{"family":"Singh","given":"Dig"},{"family":"Nagappan","given":"Senthil"},{"family":"Lay","given":"Chyi–how"},{"family":"Igliński","given":"Bartłomiej"},{"family":"Piechota","given":"Grzegorz"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Gopalakrishnan"},{"family":"Saldivar","given":"Roberto"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Vinod"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s13068-025-02724-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-025-02724-4","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijms27020847","type":"article-journal","title":"From Emissions to Assets: Sustainable Technologies for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Capture, Conversion, and Integrated Strategies.","abstract":"Addressing the growing threat of climate change requires urgent and sustainable solutions for managing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This review investigates the latest advancements in technologies for capturing and converting CO2, with a focus on approaches that prioritize energy efficiency, environmental compatibility, and economic viability. Emerging strategies in CO2 capture are discussed, with attention to low-carbon-intensity materials and scalable designs. In parallel, innovative CO2 conversion pathways, such as thermocatalytic, electrocatalytic, and photochemical processes, are evaluated for their potential to transform CO2 into valuable chemicals and fuels. A growing body of research now focuses on integrating capture and conversion into unified systems, eliminating energy-intensive intermediate steps like compression and transportation. These integrated carbon capture and conversion/utilization (ICCC/ICCU) technologies have gained significant attention as promising strategies for sustainable carbon management. By bridging the gap between CO2 separation and reuse, these sustainable technologies are poised to play a transformative role in the transition to a low-carbon future.","author":[{"family":"Masoumilari","given":"Shokouh"},{"family":"Masoumi","given":"Zohreh"},{"family":"Shamsabadi","given":"Alireza"},{"family":"Kyung","given":"Daeseung"},{"family":"Tayebi","given":"Meysam"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ijms27020847","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020847","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.03.21.713158","type":"article-journal","title":"Towards complete carbon utilization: Improved methane yield from formate and hydrogen co-feeding through constitutive formate dehydrogenase-gene expression in  <i>Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus</i>  ΔH","abstract":"Abstract Formate is emerging as an important molecule in carbon capture and utilization technologies. However, its low electron density makes formate less attractive for energy storage. Some hydrogenotrophic methanogens can reduce formate to methane, thereby upgrading it into an established energy carrier. The bottleneck in this process is that 75% of the carbon is lost as carbon dioxide, and achieving a complete formate-to-methane conversion requires co-feeding hydrogen. However, hydrogen-dependent genetic regulation of formate metabolism inhibits simultaneous formate and hydrogen utilization in hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Here, we compared the catalytic performance of the genetically modified strain Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus ΔH (pFdh) with M. thermautotrophicus Z-245 by conducting continuous cultivation at different hydrogen concentrations. While M. thermautotrophicus Z-245 is a natural formatotroph, M. thermautotrophicus ΔH (pFdh) was engineered to enable formate utilization via episomal expression of a formate dehydrogenase-gene cassette. We found that M. thermautotrophicus ΔH (pFdh) can simultaneously utilize formate and hydrogen. It continuously consumed formate at ≈ 0.1 mM dissolved hydrogen, enabling a 75.6% formate-to-methane conversion efficiency. M. thermautotrophicus Z-245 showed a declining formate consumption at ≈ 0.016 mM and only reached a maximum stable efficiency of 36.3%. These results suggest that M. thermautotrophicus ΔH (pFdh) is largely insensitive to hydrogen-induced genetic regulation; however, it still faces redox-related metabolic limitations at dissolved hydrogen concentrations above 0.4 mM. Overall, the findings reveal a potential strategy to circumvent hydrogen-induced regulation of formate metabolism and identify M. thermautotrophicus ΔH (pFdh) as a promising biocatalyst for formate-to-methane conversion.","author":[{"family":"Zipperle","given":"Aaron"},{"family":"Angenent","given":"Largus"},{"family":"Stouten","given":"Gerben"},{"family":"Molitor","given":"Bastian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.64898/2026.03.21.713158","URL":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.21.713158","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c02627","type":"article-journal","title":"A Parameterized Lifecycle Assessment of &lt;i&gt;Ex Situ&lt;/i&gt; CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Mineralization, Using Olivine as a Case Study.","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide To achieve global climate goals, novel technologies are needed to efficiently capture and durably store atmospheric CO 2 . Reacting CO 2 with silicate minerals in engineered systems, often called ex situ mineralization, is one such approach. The potential net climate benefit of ex situ CO 2 mineralization is unclear, however, as it depends on the technology pathway, location, energy and resource demands, and potential for avoided emissions via co-product utilization. Accurately quantifying these factors in site-specific scenarios is critical for assessing a project’s carbon footprint. Here, we present a parameterized lifecycle assessment (LCA) model to quantify the net CO 2 e emissions of a range of ex situ mineralization scenarios, considering both direct and avoided emissions. Using a case study with olivine feedstock in Washington State, U.S.A., we show that ex situ mineralization can range from net CO 2 positive for the least optimal scenarios to highly CO 2 negative for the most optimal scenarios. Considering avoided emissions, some scenarios can be >100% efficient (>1 t of net CO 2 stored + avoided per t of gross CO 2 stored). Capture efficiency depends heavily on low-carbon electricity, short transport distances, technologies that facilitate the passive capture of ambient CO 2, and maximizing avoided emissions. Substantial avoided emissions can be achieved via efficient co-product use in the local cement industry, although the size of the industry may be a constraint to scaling. Modest avoided emissions are also possible via integrated metal recovery. To facilitate comparability with future analyses and to help guide project development, our model is technology and mineral agnostic and available for download as a supplement.","author":[{"family":"Lunstrum","given":"Abby"},{"family":"Wyckoff","given":"Alex"},{"family":"Wallace","given":"Alec"},{"family":"Pelton","given":"Rylie"},{"family":"Orourke","given":"Anastasia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.est.5c02627","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c02627","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1021/cbe.5c00113","type":"article-journal","title":"Green Methanol from CO &lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; Hydrogenation at Industrial Scale: Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives.","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide With the increasing global concern over climate change and energy crisis, green methanol (GM) from carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) hydrogenation has received extensive research and attention as an effective way to convert greenhouse gases into high value-added chemicals and fuels. However, GM from CO 2 at industrial scale still faces many challenges in industrial applications, including catalyst stability, optimization of reaction conditions, cost of CO 2 capture and purification, hydrogen supply, high investment costs, and market price volatility. This paper reviews the background, importance, and research progress of CO 2 to GM, details the types and properties of catalysts, effects of reaction conditions, catalyst stability and lifetime, and challenges of industrial applications, analyzes the key factors of success through case studies, and concludes by providing the directions and outlooks for future research.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Ben","given":"Jiaxin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Shijing"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ke"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Pengfei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/cbe.5c00113","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/cbe.5c00113","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.12688/openreseurope.21804.1","type":"article-journal","title":"Benchmarking CO2 emissions and wastewater as feedstocks in biological processes","abstract":"Rapid population growth, industrialization, and increasing energy demands have intensified environmental challenges, driven by raising wastewater and exhaust gas discharge. Along with fossil fuel depletion, more pressing energy needs have widely accelerated research into renewable energy sources, as well as diverse waste-to-value strategies, converting waste streams into biofuels, energy and commodity chemicals. Several approaches such as carbon capture and utilization (CCU), carbon capture and storage (CCS) and wastewater reuse are gaining meaningful attention to prompt carbon emission reduction and circular economy benefit. However, information available in literature about these sources is dispersed, and a dataset detailing the composition of these feedstocks is lacking, despite its potential to optimize bioprocesses such as gas fermentation, microbial electrosynthesis or microalgae cultivation. A dataset comprising distinct feedstock composition analyses is presented. The feedstocks are categorised into gaseous and liquid effluents and further classified according to the industrial processes from which they originate. The dataset was compiled through a systematic review applied to relevant articles published between the years 1990 and 2025, sourced from the Science Direct database.","author":[{"family":"Benavides","given":"Pablo"},{"family":"Bolognesi","given":"Silvia"},{"family":"Kleinegris","given":"Dorinde"},{"family":"Balaguer","given":"MD"},{"family":"Puig","given":"Sebastià"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.12688/openreseurope.21804.1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.21804.1","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma19091763","type":"article-journal","title":"A Comparative Review of Biological, Electrochemical, and Membrane-Based Methods for Direct Ocean Carbon Capture.","abstract":"Direct ocean carbon capture (DOC) has emerged as a promising strategy for mitigating atmospheric CO2 levels and addressing ocean acidification. Unlike direct air carbon capture methods, DOC leverages the ocean’s vast carbon storage capacity, offering a scalable and efficient route for carbon dioxide removal. This systematic comparative review categorizes existing DOC methods into three types: (1) biological carbon capture, which relies on photosynthesis by microalgae and marine microorganisms; (2) electrochemical carbon capture, which utilizes water electrolysis to generate H+ and OH− ions for pH-driven CO2 removal; and (3) physical carbon capture, which employs hollow fiber membranes to directly separate CO2 from seawater. For each technology, we evaluate efficiency, energy consumption, cost, technology readiness level (TRL), scalability, and major challenges. By integrating recent pilot data and providing a critical assessment, this review offers a roadmap for future research in direct seawater CO2 capture. The comparative analysis reveals that electrochemical methods achieve the highest efficiency (60–85%) but face membrane fouling and electrode degradation challenges, while biological methods offer low-energy operation but suffer from slow kinetics and high harvesting costs, and membrane-based methods provide high removal rates (up to 94%) but require improved fouling resistance.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Zi"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Jiayu"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Siyuan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ting"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Hang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Gang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Shupeng"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Yi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma19091763","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19091763","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13068-026-02763-5","type":"article-journal","title":"Prospective life-cycle assessment of CORSIA sustainable aviation fuels under evolving electricity and hydrogen carbon intensities.","abstract":"Most life-cycle assessments (LCAs) of alternative fuels evaluate electricity and hydrogen inputs using static or scenario-based carbon intensity assumptions. This study quantifies the impact of electricity and hydrogen on the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs). By coupling emission intensity projections for electricity grids and hydrogen production with Argonne National Laboratory’s R&D GREET model, and following the life-cycle assessment (LCA) method of the International Civil Aviation Organization, we estimate life-cycle GHG emissions effects for two SAF pathways with comparatively high technology readiness levels: hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) from waste fats (tallow) and alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) from corn grain ethanol. Under the assumed trajectories for electricity grid decarbonization and hydrogen production carbon intensities, life-cycle GHG emissions of tallow HEFA and corn grain ATJ are estimated to be 7.7–12.5 $$\\textrm{gCO}_2$$ gCO2e/MJfuel lower in 2035 and 9.6–13.7 $$\\textrm{gCO}_2$$ gCO2e/MJfuel lower in 2050 relative to 2022 values. Additional facility-level mitigation measures, including carbon capture and waste heat utilization, could further reduce emissions per unit SAF. The work provides a prospective assessment by replacing static pathway intensities with a prospective LCA that couples SAF pathways to time-evolving electricity/hydrogen CIs and facility-level mitigation, quantifying dynamic GHG reductions to 2050. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating prospective energy system changes into SAF LCAs to more accurately capture future mitigation potential and inform effective aviation climate strategies.","author":[{"family":"Lee","given":"Uisung"},{"family":"Prussi","given":"Matteo"},{"family":"Martulli","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Malina","given":"Robert"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s13068-026-02763-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-026-02763-5","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-025-65258-1","type":"article-journal","title":"Ion pairing enhances hydroquinone stability toward oxygen in aqueous electrochemical carbon dioxide capture.","abstract":"The use of redox-active organic molecules for aqueous electrochemical carbon dioxide capture is limited by their tendency to undergo reversible oxidation by oxygen. Here we show that a naphthoquinone derivative, when reduced in the presence of tetraalkylammonium countercations, displays enhanced stability toward oxygen while maintaining carbon dioxide binding ability. By combining structural modification with control of non-covalent interactions, we mitigate a previously observed trade-off between carbon dioxide capture performance and resistance to aerobic oxidation. In situ spectrophotometry and comparative voltammetry indicate that ion pairing stabilizes the reduced quinone both by shifting its redox potential and by promoting carbon dioxide adduct formation. Among the cations tested, tetraethylammonium provides the most favorable balance, supporting efficient capture and release cycle with 87 % Coulombic efficiency and an energy cost of 157 kilojoules per mole of carbon dioxide from a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen. These findings illustrate how molecular design combined with electrolyte engineering can improve the durability of aqueous quinone-based electrochemical carbon capture systems and may inform the development of more robust and energy-efficient approaches for sustainable carbon management. Quinone-based electrochemical systems can capture carbon dioxide but are limited by oxygen reactivity. Here, authors present a naphthoquinone and electrolyte design that improves oxygen tolerance while maintaining efficient carbon dioxide capture and concentration in aqueous flow cells.","author":[{"family":"Alfaraidi","given":"Abdulrahman"},{"family":"Ni","given":"Nina"},{"family":"Sosa","given":"Jordan"},{"family":"Lia","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Alhelaili","given":"Mayar"},{"family":"Faialaga","given":"Nathan"},{"family":"Alghoraibi","given":"Nawal"},{"family":"Naji","given":"Husain"},{"family":"Alahmed","given":"Ammar"},{"family":"Jamal","given":"Aqil"},{"family":"Aziz","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Richard"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-65258-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65258-1","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-025-05438-7","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimal scheduling of integrated energy system with gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage considering multi-layer low-carbon benefits.","abstract":"Integrating a carbon dioxide energy storage system (CES) with an integrated energy system (IES) can significantly enhance renewable energy utilization, reduce carbon emissions, and improve both economic and environmental performance. This paper proposes an optimal scheduling strategy for a gas–liquid phase change CES coupled with wind and solar generation, considering multi-layer low-carbon benefits. At the system structural level, an IES operation framework integrating carbon capture and storage (CCS) and power-to-gas (P2G) technologies is developed to fully exploit the potential of CO 2 capture and utilization. At the technical level, a mathematical model of gas–liquid phase change CES coupled with wind and solar is established to enhance renewable energy absorption. Based on a life cycle cost model of gas–liquid phase change CES, the economic and low-carbon advantages of CES are pointed out. By introducing a stepped carbon trading mechanism at the policy level, an IES scheduling model with the goal of considering the comprehensive economic optimization of low-carbon benefits is established. The results of the scene show that the proposed method reduces the system carbon emissions by 33.26%, increases the new energy consumption rate by 3.54%, and reduces the total operating cost of the system by 24.30%, which lays a theoretical foundation for the research of environmentally friendly IES.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Weiguo"},{"family":"An","given":"Guangyao"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Tingting"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Qingying"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-05438-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05438-7","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1021/acsomega.5c06557","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Advances in Hydrate-Based CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Capture: Energy Consumption, Cost Analysis, Policy Perspectives, and Machine Learning-Driven Simulation of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Hydrate Formation.","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Gas hydrate-based carbon capture and storage (CCUS) technologies represent a promising approach to mitigating climate change by efficiently capturing and storing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). This review examines the technical and economic aspects of gas hydrate-based CCUS, including the latest developments related to CO 2 hydrate formation studies. With special attention to flue gas decarbonization, this paper discusses the challenges faced and the focus areas that need improvement in advancing and scaling up hydrate-based CCUS. The review also provides a systematic approach to understanding the techno-economic aspects of CCUS plants and concisely discusses the technical opportunities and the associated cost dynamics within various CCUS technologies. The review also discusses the integration of hydrate-based capture with broader decarbonization strategies, underscoring the critical role of supportive policies and technological advancements in scaling up these solutions for global impact.","author":[{"family":"Anipeddi","given":"Manjusha"},{"family":"Lal","given":"Bhajan"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Baldeep"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c06557","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c06557","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4413138808","type":"article-journal","title":"Tracing Blue Carbon Flows Across Diverse Seascapes","abstract":"ABSTRACT Plants occupying coastal ecosystems draw in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from the air and water around them during photosynthesis. A fraction of this CO 2 becomes fixed into plant biomass and can eventually contribute to the blue carbon pool—organic carbon (C org ) sequestered in slow‐turnover sinks. An important step in protecting and enhancing this natural carbon sequestration pathway is determining the relative contributions of different coastal plants to this blue carbon pool in durable sinks. We compiled a global dataset of coastal soil carbon measurements and used a Bayesian hierarchical meta‐regression model to explore the relative contribution of local (autochthonous) versus external (allochthonous) sources of C org in the soils beneath tidal saltmarsh, mangrove, and seagrass wetlands. We found most soil C org in coastal wetlands came from allochthonous sources, rather than the habitat‐forming plants. Managing climate‐resilient blue carbon seascapes, therefore, requires an awareness of this portfolio of contributors to soil carbon sequestration. However, study design aspects such as soil sampling depth, levels of sample replication, and the modeling approach used to trace C org can have pronounced effects on the estimated contributions of different carbon sources. We outline a roadmap for improving how we track the various drivers of soil carbon sequestration in diverse mosaics of coastal vegetation.","author":[{"family":"Fulton","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Barneche","given":"Diego"},{"family":"Davis","given":"Kay"},{"family":"Faubel","given":"Cal"},{"family":"Pascelli","given":"Cecília"},{"family":"Vercelloni","given":"Julie"},{"family":"Wilson","given":"Shaun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/gcb.70420","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70420","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412399431","type":"article-journal","title":"Cottonseed‐Derived Reusable Bio‐Carbon Gel Ink for DIW Printing Soft Electronic Textiles","abstract":"Soft electronics textiles have garnered global attention for their wearability and promising applications in healthcare, energy devices, and artificial intelligence. Recently, direct-ink-writing (DIW) technology has shown a growing trend because of its controllability, ease of fabrication, and efficiency. However, the design novelty of printable ink for soft electronic textiles is severely hampered by the intrinsic challenges of integrating printability, conductivity, stretchability, biocompatibility, and durability. Herein, a reusable DIW bio-carbon gel ink is proposed for printing soft electronic textiles where cottonseed peptone-functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CPCNTs) exhibit high dispersibility and reactive surface groups, enabling stable cross-linking with phytic acid (PA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to form a strong ionic polymer composite. Encouragingly, the gel ink can be directly exploited to design complex circuits and versatile electronics via DIW printing on both polymeric and textile substrates. The viscoelasticity, mechanical recovery, electric properties, robustness, and stretchable architectures enable it to function as flexible circuits, smart sensors, and renewable generators. As demonstrations, multifunctional applications are presented by real-time healthcare monitoring, LED lighting, and power generation. Furthermore, this printable gel ink is effectively assembled into an integrated wearable unit for robot manipulation and real-time gesture recognition, suggesting a significant printing strategy for next-generation wearable electronics.","author":[{"family":"Chung","given":"King"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Di"},{"family":"He","given":"Zheyu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiao"},{"family":"Lü","given":"Jian"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Qingjun"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xinlong"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Bingang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.202415702","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202415702","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415513248","type":"article-journal","title":"Materials for thermochemical energy storage and conversion: attributes for low-temperature applications","abstract":", heat - would improve the efficiencies of numerous processes throughout multiple sectors of the global economy. Nevertheless, the development of these thermal storage devices remains at a relatively early stage. To engage more researchers in the development of these devices and to accelerate their commercialization, this review presents an introduction to the properties of thermal storage materials that absorb and release heat through thermochemical reactions. Thermochemical materials typically exhibit the largest energy densities among all approaches to material-based heat storage. Nevertheless, they suffer from limited reaction rates and poor cycle life. An additional challenge is the multiscale nature of the energy storage process, which ranges from atomistic interactions that govern the storage of heat through alteration of chemical bonds, to mesoscale processes that control the transport of mass and heat. Following an overview of general concepts related to thermal energy storage, emphasis is placed on describing properties relevant for low-temperature applications. These applications include domestic heat storage/amplification (hot water heating), adsorptive cooling (air conditioning), and heat-moisture recuperation. Subsequently, detailed introductions are provided to the mechanisms and materials relevant for the three primary approaches to low-temperature thermochemical storage, including: (i) absorption in solids (hydrates, ammoniates, and methanolates); (ii) adsorption in porous hosts (zeolites, metal-organic frameworks); and (iii) dilution in liquids. For each category, advantages and shortcomings of benchmark and emerging materials are discussed. Finally, challenges and opportunities are highlighted for research aimed at developing optimal materials for thermochemical energy storage.","author":[{"family":"Kiyabu","given":"Steven"},{"family":"Shkatulov","given":"Alexandr"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Alauddin"},{"family":"Greene","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Huinink","given":"Henk"},{"family":"Siegel","given":"Donald"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5mh01794g","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5mh01794g","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411787708","type":"article-journal","title":"Blockchain-Enabled Cross-Chain Coordinated Trading Strategy for Electricity-Carbon-Green Certificate in Virtual Power Plants: Multi-Market Coupling and Low-Carbon Operation Optimization","abstract":"In the context of global climate governance and the low-carbon energy transition, virtual power plant (VPP), a key technology for integrating distributed energy resources, is urgently needed to solve the problem of decentralization and lack of synergy in electricity, carbon, and green certificate trading. Existing studies mostly focus on single energy or carbon trading scenarios and lack a multi-market coupling mechanism supported by blockchain technology, resulting in low transaction transparency and a high risk of information tampering. For this reason, this paper proposes a synergistic optimization strategy for electricity/carbon/green certificate virtual power plants based on blockchain cross-chain transactions. First, Latin Hypercubic Sampling (LHS) is used to generate new energy output and load scenarios, and the K-means clustering method with improved particle swarm optimization are combined to cut down the scenarios and improve the prediction accuracy; second, a relay chain cross-chain trading framework integrating quota system is constructed to realize organic synergy and credible data interaction among electricity, carbon, and green certificate markets; lastly, the multi-energy optimization model of the virtual power plant is designed to integrate carbon capture, Finally, a virtual power plant multi-energy optimization model is designed, integrating carbon capture, power-to-gas (P2G) and other technologies to balance the economy and low-carbon goals. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional model, the proposed strategy reduces the carbon emission intensity by 13.3% (1.43 tons/million CNY), increases the rate of new energy consumption to 98.75%, and partially offsets the cost through the carbon trading revenue, which verifies the Pareto improvement of environmental and economic benefits. This study provides theoretical support for the synergistic optimization of multi-energy markets and helps to build a low-carbon power system with a high proportion of renewable energy.","author":[{"family":"Zheng","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Zhai","given":"Suwei"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Kaiyan"},{"family":"He","given":"Xuehao"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xiaojie"},{"family":"Su","given":"Shi"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Cong"},{"family":"Ai","given":"Qian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18133443","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18133443","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409157972","type":"article-journal","title":"Fungal endophytes influence soil organic carbon and nitrogen fractions promoting carbon sequestration and improving grain yield in soybean","abstract":"Fungal endophyte inoculants present a promising avenue for enhancing carbon sequestration in agricultural systems. These endophytes can significantly influence soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) fractions by modulating root exudation, soil aggregation, and organic matter decomposition. We investigated the effectiveness of commercial-stage fungal endophyte seed inoculants in an Australian soybean field trial to increase yield, total SOC, stable SOC fractions, and soil N. After one growing season, specific inoculants (Thozetella sp. and Leptodontidium sp.) and dosages increased soybean grain yield and stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) as aggregate occluded particulate organic matter (oPOM) C and N, and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) C and N in the topsoil layer (0-15 cm). Furthermore, positive correlations were established between grain yield and the stocks of oPOM (C and N) and MAOM (C and N) in the topsoil layer (0-15 cm). Importantly, increasing grain yield was significantly and positively associated with the proportion of oPOM-C and N stocks to total SOM stock, providing evidence of significant carbon sequestration in oPOM. However, the proportion of MAOM-C and N stock to total SOM stock decreased significantly with increasing grain yield, indicating higher proportion of MAOM is being turned over relative to other SOM fractions although the absolute amounts of MAOM-C and N remained stable. These findings suggest that fungal endophytes and dosages may have variable but potentially beneficial impacts on crop growth, yield and play a crucial role in altering SOM fractions. This alteration potentially leads to changed carbon sequestration strategies, emphasising the need for further research into fungal endophyte-mediated carbon sequestration mechanisms.","author":[{"family":"Singh","given":"Vijaya"},{"family":"Gamage","given":"Harshi"},{"family":"Jones","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Wood","given":"H"},{"family":"Bruning","given":"Brooke"},{"family":"James","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Drie","given":"Philip"},{"family":"Purushotham","given":"Neeraj"},{"family":"Oppenheimer","given":"Robbie"},{"family":"Dalal","given":"Ram"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-94982-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94982-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130836976","type":"article-journal","title":"A Microflow and Bioinspired Dendritic Topology Optimization for CO 2 Capture, Utilization and Storage Hubs in China: Integrating Microfluid Dynamics with Macro-Scale Infrastructure Design","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Large-scale carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is pivotal for global net-zero transitions, yet its deployment is constrained by suboptimal pipeline network designs that oversimplify techno-economic models, enforce rigid topologies, and computation bottlenecks. Here, we present a preferential-flow approach in porous and bioinspired algorithms that bridge microfluid dynamics and macroscale infrastructure design to address these bottlenecks. It mimics pore-scale preferential flow, or piping flow, in porous media, in which fluids naturally follow the least-resistance paths. This algorithm leverages the mathematical similarity between microscale hydraulics, pipeline flow, and cost models to facilitate cost-optimized network evolution. Nationwide simulations reveal that standalone CCUS projects in four coal-based energy and industrial sectors achieve 5.7 Gt/a at levelized costs of <$90/ton. In contrast, hub-and-spoke clusters reach 6.5 Gt/a under the same threshold in China. The resulting networks feature bimodal centroid-governed architectures that route carbon fluxes between emission sources and storage sinks while circumventing high-cost zones, with distinct regional signatures: radial configurations in northwestern basins, north–south corridors across southern China, multicentric layouts in the northeast, and land-ocean integrated west-to-east pathways in eastern regions. Validation in Ningxia demonstrates >80% emission reduction at <$50 per ton, outperforming current benchmarks. This framework advances CCUS infrastructure design through four key breakthroughs: enhanced physical fidelity by incorporating microscale flow phenomena; continuous-variable simulation capacity; 32k-grid computations completed in 5 min (compared to days for conventional approaches); and quantitative cost characterization via a novel “Carbon Reduction Matrix”. By reconciling principles of natural systems with macro-scale decarbonization imperatives, this scalable tool redefines CCUS design paradigms, providing a flexible and efficient pathway to accelerate global net-zero transitions.","author":[{"family":"Wei","given":"Ning"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Keyao"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Shengnan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Wendong"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Guoqiang"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Lingxue"},{"family":"Jiao","given":"Zunsheng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiaochun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c11089","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c11089","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414652140","type":"article-journal","title":"Rapid conversion of amino acid modified-ice to methane hydrate for sustainable energy storage","abstract":"Advancing safe and efficient natural gas storage solutions is essential for ensuring a stable gas supply and strengthening global energy resilience. In this study, we developed amino acid-modified ice (AM-Ice) for solidified natural gas (SNG) applications. The optimized AM-Ice clathrate system achieved a methane storage capacity of 146.56 v/v with an uptake rate of 3.22 v/v s−1 and 90% of the reaction completed within just 2.42 min. Compared to the unmodified ice baseline, this represents a 30-fold increase in storage capacity and a 29-fold enhancement in reaction kinetics. In situ Raman spectroscopy unveiled time-dependent methane occupancy at the molecular level within both 512 and 51262 cages of the sI clathrate. We conducted an assessment of the effects of amino acid concentration, diversity, pressure, temperature, and scalability on hydrate formation in AM-Ice. Unlike conventional surfactants, amino acids facilitated rapid methane recovery through heat stimulation while effectively mitigating foam formation. Here the authors show that by using amino acid–modified ice under mild conditions, methane storage exhibited a 30-fold increase in capacity and a 29-fold enhancement in reaction kinetics compared to unmodified ice.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ye"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Yunhan"},{"family":"Jeenmuang","given":"Kan"},{"family":"Vishwakarma","given":"Gaurav"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Chang‐yu"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Guangjin"},{"family":"Linga","given":"Praveen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-63699-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63699-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417157325","type":"article-journal","title":"Electrochemical CO 2 Capture by a Quinone-Based Covalent Organic Framework","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Electrochemical CO 2 capture is an emerging technology that promises to be more energy-efficient than traditional thermal or pressure-swing processes. Herein, the first evidence of electrochemical capture of CO 2 using a covalent organic framework (COF) is presented. We hypothesized that the assembly of anthraquinone units into a well-defined porous framework electrode would lead to enhanced electrochemical CO 2 capture compared to previous approaches that grafted anthraquinones on carbon supports and suffered from low CO 2 capacities and stabilities. To test this, an anthraquinone-based COF is employed, and it is found that the quinones are electrochemically accessible for reversible CO 2 capture in an ionic liquid electrolyte. The system achieves a high electrochemical CO 2 uptake capacity >2.6 mmol g –1 COF, reaching half of the theoretical CO 2 capacity of the material and surpassing the capacities of anthraquinone-functionalized carbons. The stability and CO 2 uptake rate issues encountered with the ionic liquid system are also addressed by using aqueous electrolytes where we attained stable carbon capture for 500 cycles with a 99.6% Coulombic efficiency and an electrical energy consumption of 31 kJ mol CO 2 –1 . The use of covalent organic framework electrodes can become a general strategy for understanding and enhancing the electrochemical CO 2 capture.","author":[{"family":"Khan","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Zhen"},{"family":"Muzammil","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Bird","given":"SP"},{"family":"Munawar","given":"Monica"},{"family":"Salam","given":"Fariah"},{"family":"Hartley","given":"Niamh"},{"family":"Taylor","given":"Jack"},{"family":"Amin","given":"Kamran"},{"family":"Ling","given":"Jianheng"},{"family":"Enninful","given":"Henry"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Naveed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/jacs.5c12304","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c12304","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4411486151","type":"article-journal","title":"Fair-CO2: Fair Attribution for Cloud Carbon Emissions","abstract":"Fair-CO 2 is a system for fairly attributing operational and embodied carbon in cloud data centers to user workloads.It leverages the Shapley value, a game theory solution for fair shared cost attribution with theoretical fairness guarantees.We propose the standard Shapley value solution as a ground truth for attribution in cloud data centers, addressing two key gaps in existing carbon attribution methods that lead to unfair attributions: the effect of dynamic demand on embodied carbon, and interference effects in colocated scenarios.However, the computational cost of the Shapley value solution scales exponentially with the number of workloads and becomes intractable for large systems.Fair-CO 2 addresses the scalability challenges of the Shapley value while preserving its fairness benefits via two core components: demand-aware embodied carbon attribution and interference-aware resource cost attribution.Using Monte Carlo simulations of workload schedules and colocation scenarios, we show that Fair-CO 2 can approximate the ground truth Shapley attribution solution at scale.We also show how users, once provided a fair way of estimating their workload carbon footprint, can dynamically optimize workload deployment for carbon savings.","author":[{"family":"Han","given":"Leo"},{"family":"Kakadia","given":"Jash"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Benjamin"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"Udit"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1145/3695053.3731023","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3695053.3731023","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409385678","type":"article-journal","title":"Parametrization of variables affecting the whole life carbon performance of nearly zero energy residential building renovation","abstract":"This research investigates the integration of life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) and building performance simulation (BPS) to evaluate the whole-life carbon performance of residential building renovations. A representative post-World War II single-family house in Belgium is used to analyze six renovation scenarios that combine petrochemical and bio-based materials. By coupling LCIA with BPS, the study captures both embodied and operational greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across the building lifecycle, emphasizing the tradeoffs inherent in materials selection and renovation design. The adoption of a dynamic building performance simulation approach enables the accounting of variations in the electricity mix and future energy demand patterns. Results demonstrate that ultra-low energy renovations can reduce total emissions (embodied and operational) by 70 % compared to the base case non-renovated building, reaching a value of 11.7 kgCO 2 e/(m 2. y). However, even this scenario does not meet the Danish total GHG emissions threshold of 8.2 kgCO 2 e/(m 2. y). Sensitivity analyses highlight the influence of parameters like heat pump efficiency, airtightness, and photovoltaic system performance. Scenarios using bio-based insulation achieve up to a 7 % reduction in embodied emissions compared to those using petrochemical materials. This innovative approach provides a comprehensive framework to balance operational and embodied emissions, offering actionable insights for designers and policymakers to align with European zero-carbon targets while addressing the complexities of renovating existing building stocks.","author":[{"family":"Bertini","given":"Aurora"},{"family":"Al-Obaidy","given":"Muheeb"},{"family":"Dasse","given":"Maxime"},{"family":"Amaripadath","given":"Deepak"},{"family":"Gobbo","given":"Émilie"},{"family":"Attia","given":"Shady"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113013","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113013","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415685191","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable Optimal Capacity Allocation for Grid-Connected Microgrids Incorporating Carbon Capture and Storage Retrofitting in Multi-Market Contexts: A Case Study in Southern China","abstract":"With the goal of achieving carbon neutrality, promoting the clean and low-carbon transformation of energy assets, as exemplified by existing thermal power units, has emerged as a pivotal challenge in addressing climate change and achieving sustainable development. Arrangements and technologies such as the electricity–carbon–certificate multi-market, microgrids with direct green power connections, and carbon capture and storage (CCS) retrofitting provide favorable conditions for facing the aforementioned challenge. Based on an analysis of how liquid-storage CCS retrofitting affects the flexibility of thermal power units, this manuscript proposes a bi-level optimization model and solution method for capacity allocation for grid-connected microgrids, while considering CCS retrofits under multi-markets. This approach overcomes two key deficiencies in the existing research: first, neglecting the relationship between electricity–carbon coupling characteristics and unit flexibility and its potential impacts, and second, the significant deviation of scenarios constructed from real policy and market environments, which limits its ability to provide timely and relevant references. A case study in southern China demonstrates that first, multi-market implementation significantly boosts microgrids’ investment in and absolute consumption of renewable energy. However, its effect on reducing carbon emissions is limited, and renewable power curtailment may surge, potentially deviating from the original intent of carbon neutrality policies. In this case study, renewable energy installed capacity and consumption rose by 17.09% and 22.64%, respectively, while net carbon emissions decreased by only 3.32%, and curtailed power nearly doubled. Second, introducing liquid-storage CCS, which decouples the CO2 absorption and desorption processes, into the capacity allocation significantly enhances microgrid flexibility, markedly reduces the risk of overcapacity in renewable energy units, and enhances investment efficiency. In this case study, following CCS retrofits, renewable energy unit installed capacity decreased by 24%, while consumption dropped by only 7.28%, utilization hours increased by 22%, and the curtailment declined by 78.05%. Third, although CCS retrofitting can significantly reduce microgrid carbon emissions, factors such as current carbon prices, technological efficiency, and economic characteristics hinder large-scale adoption. In this case study, under multi-markets, CCS retrofitting reduced net carbon emissions by 86.16%, but the annualized total cost rose by 3.68%. Finally, based on the aforementioned findings, this manuscript discusses implications for microgrid development decision making, CCS industrialization, and market mechanisms from the perspectives of research directions, policy formulation, and practical work.","author":[{"family":"Xu","given":"Yanbin"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Jiaxin"},{"family":"Liao","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Kuang","given":"Shifang"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Shasha"},{"family":"Zeng","given":"Ming"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17219588","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219588","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414534437","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Advances in Nano-Engineered Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials: Morphologies, Characteristics, and Performance","abstract":"Thermochemical energy storage (TCES) has gained significant attention as a high-capacity, long-duration solution for renewable energy integration, yet material-level challenges hinder its widespread adoption. This review for the first time systematically examines recent advancements in nano-engineered composite thermochemical materials (TCMs), focusing on their ability to overcome intrinsic limitations of conventional systems. Sorption-based TCMs, especially salt hydrates, benefit from nano-engineering through carbon-based additives like CNTs and graphene, which enhance thermal conductivity and reaction kinetics while achieving volumetric energy densities exceeding 200 kWh/m3. For reversible reaction-based systems operating at higher temperatures (250–1000 °C), the strategies include (1) nanoparticle doping (e.g., SiO2, Al2O3, carbonaceous materials) for the mitigation of sintering and agglomeration; (2) flow-improving agents to enhance fluidization; and (3) nanosized structure engineering for an enlarged specific surface area. All these approaches show promising results to address the critical issues of sintering and agglomeration, slow kinetics, and poor cyclic stability for reversible reaction-based TCMs. While laboratory results are promising, challenges still persist in side reactions, scalability, cost reduction, and system integration. In general, while nano-engineered thermochemical materials (TCMs) demonstrate transformative potential for performance enhancement, significant research and development efforts remain imperative to bridge the gap between laboratory-scale achievements and industrial implementation.","author":[{"family":"Jiang","given":"Zhu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Wenye"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Bohao"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Shifang"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiaosong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15191476","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15191476","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411868210","type":"article-journal","title":"Advances in energy storage technologies for renewable energy systems: bridging intermittency and sustainable integration","abstract":"The increasing use of renewable energy sources, such as solar, hydropower, and wind, has prompted the need for advanced energy storage technologies to address the intermittent challenges associated with these sources. Effective energy storage solutions are essential for ensuring grid stability, enhancing energy security, and facilitating the large-scale integration of renewables. The present study explores recent advancements in energy storage technologies, focusing on electrochemical, mechanical, thermal, and hydrogen-based storage systems. Lithium-ion batteries continue to dominate the market due to their high efficiency and energy density. However, emerging alternatives, including solid-state batteries, sodium-ion batteries, and redox flow batteries, offer promising improvements in cost, safety, and sustainability. Hydrogen storage techniques and supercapacitors are also gaining attention as complementary solutions. This study examines the role of hybrid storage systems and smart energy management strategies in optimizing energy utilization. A critical analysis of the latest developments is presented, along with an assessment of existing challenges and future research directions.","author":[{"family":"Audu","given":"Godwin"},{"family":"Mafo","given":"Abaniwo"},{"family":"Jegede","given":"Raphael"},{"family":"Tarasenko","given":"Mykola"},{"family":"Kozak","given":"Kateryna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.69912/2616-8537.1243","URL":"https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1243","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408067571","type":"article-journal","title":"Seascape connectivity with mangroves positively influences tropical saltmarsh blue carbon stocks","abstract":"Despite exponential increase in global blue carbon studies over the last decade, critical knowledge gaps remain regarding the role of drivers such as seascape connectivity that mediate the carbon storage in tropical saltmarsh ecosystems. The present study addresses this knowledge gap by investigating how seascape-level drivers, specifically connectivity between ecosystems, sediment traits and plant biomass, influence carbon stocks, in connected versus individual tropical saltmarsh ( Porteresia coarctata and Myrostachia wightiana ) meadows. This study compared the influence of connected saltmarsh meadows (adjacent to mangroves) with individual saltmarsh meadows across four tropical locations and assessed their carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content in sediment, biomass, various plant traits and C stocks. Stable isotopes tracers ( 13 C and 15 N) were used to determine the C contribution from autochthonous and allochthonous carbon sources. Connectivity resulted in increased of plant shoot density, and biomass by 1.7-fold and 1.5-fold respectively than individual saltmarsh meadows. Connectivity resulted in 2.3-fold higher C org stocks (sediment + biomass) than individual meadows. Connectivity increased the below -ground biomass contribution to sediment C pool by 2 to 10 %, whereas the combined contribution of mangrove leaf biomass was between 7.8 and 26.8 % in both saltmarsh species probably depending on the mangrove density, leaf litterfall and organic matter trapping efficiency of these saltmarsh species. The study underscores the positive role of seascape connectivity with mangroves in enhancing the carbon stocks in tropical saltmarsh ecosystems. • Connected saltmarsh meadows store 2–3-fold higher C stocks than individual meadows • Influence of connectivity on saltmarsh meadows is species and zonation specific • Connectivity increased saltmarsh below ground biomass contribution to sediment C pool • Regional factors influence species-specific saltmarsh sediment C org stocks • Tropical saltmarsh ecosystems of India have climate change mitigation relevant C stocks","author":[{"family":"Mishra","given":"Amrit"},{"family":"Dey","given":"A"},{"family":"Mishra","given":"Anjalis"},{"family":"Mohakud","given":"Sandip"},{"family":"Farooq","given":"Syed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178929","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178929","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410497678","type":"article-journal","title":"Unassisted Switchable Dual‐Photoelectrode Devices Utilizing p‐n Carbon Quantum Dots as “Semiconductor Electrolytes”: Optimization Between H 2 O 2 and Solar Electricity Production","abstract":"Abstract Switchable self‐driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices are developed to boost H 2 O 2 or electricity generation under visible‐light illumination, in which p‐n type carbon quantum dots (N‐CQDs) is applied as conceptually‐new “semiconductor electrolytes”. The N‐CQDs contains N‐dopants, and both negatively‐ and positively‐charged surface groups. This allows N‐CQDs to act as the electrolyte and to interact with both a BiVO 4 photoanode and a Cu 2 O photocathode. In a two‐compartment cell with a separating membrane, N‐CQDs can dynamically form p‐n heterojunctions with the photoanode or the photocathode, facilitating charge separation. In this setup, the fine‐tuned electronic structure of N‐CQDs promotes the two‐electron reactions with water or O 2 to produce H 2 O 2 , achieving a rate of 28 µ m min −1 and Faradic efficiency exceeding 80%. Switching into a one‐compartment cell, N‐CQDs promotes four‐electron charge transfer and stabilizes the photoelectrodes, giving electricity output for over 120 h. This control over electron transfer, selectivity, and durability cannot be achieved using traditional electrolytes.","author":[{"family":"Duan","given":"Huimin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Chenguang"},{"family":"Mo","given":"Liu‐meng"},{"family":"Dang","given":"Jingshuang"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Xiaohui"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Jiacheng"},{"family":"Mei","given":"Yu‐hang"},{"family":"Thapper","given":"Anders"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Hongyan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202417204","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202417204","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7117700417","type":"article-journal","title":"Present and Future Innovations in Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS): Implementation, Problems, and Vision (2025)","abstract":"Carbon Capture, Utilization and storage (CCUS) continue to emerge as the most viable technology to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases around the world, the bulk of which is in the hard to abate industries. This paper has presented a systematic review of the existing technological implementation, the key challenges that have been identified, the gaps in knowledge, and also the emerging innovations that have been continuing to shape the field. The review incorporates information in the world deployment databases, state reports, and peer reviewed libraries. CCUS technologies have reached maturity in the realms of capture and storage but the large scale deployment of capturing technology has been limited because of the high cost, the presence of adequate infrastructure and due to policy uncertainty. The review paper presents some recommendations on how to enhance efficiency, lower costs and achieve sustainable industrial integration with net zero emissions.","author":[{"family":"Kuti","given":"Yussuf"},{"family":"Olawore","given":"Olawale"},{"family":"Olafimihan","given":"Tunde"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.36348/sjet.2025.v10i12.009","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjet.2025.v10i12.009","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416719711","type":"article-journal","title":"Multiscale molecular dynamics investigation of high-efficiency hydrogen storage in titanium-doped carbon nanotubes","abstract":"This study investigates the hydrogen storage performance of titanium-doped carbon nanotubes (Ti-CNTs) through a multiscale simulation framework that integrates electronic structure calculations, atomic-scale dynamics, and macroscopic property analysis. A pressure-modified Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential function was developed to simulate hydrogen adsorption behavior in (12,12) armchair-type and (24,0) zigzag-type single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) under a pressure of 3 MPa. Simulation results reveal that 5% Ti doping in (12,12) CNTs yields a hydrogen storage density of 8.04 wt.% at 77 K (i.e., approximately four times greater than the undoped counterpart). Furthermore, the system maintains over 90% capacity retention after 100 adsorption-desorption cycles. The proposed multiscale strategy, combined with the pressure-doping synergistic optimization mechanism, offers a systematic approach for the rational design of stable and efficient hydrogen storage materials, demonstrating potential for practical engineering applications.","author":[{"family":"Lu","given":"Yuanjie"},{"family":"Qin","given":"Zhentao"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Ru"},{"family":"Lai","given":"Qi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-26005-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-26005-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407415506","type":"article-journal","title":"Role of Plants and Urban Soils in Carbon Stock: Status, Modulators, and Sustainable Management Practices","abstract":"Urban soils are vital components of urban ecosystems, significantly influenced by anthropogenic activities and environmental factors. Despite misconceptions about their quality, urban soils play a pivotal role in carbon (C) cycling and storage, impacting global emissions and sequestration. However, challenges such as soil contamination, land use changes, and urban expansion pose significant threats to soil quality and C storage capacity. Over the last two decades, there has been an increasing interest in the C storage potential of soils as part of climate change mitigation strategies. In this review, a bibliometric analysis covering the last twenty years (2004-2024) was performed to offer insights into global research trends, mainly in urban soils of the Mediterranean region. This paper also identifies research gaps and proposes essential solutions for mitigating the negative impacts of urbanization on soil biodiversity and functions. Key modulators, including plants, microbes, and soil features, are highlighted for their role in C dynamics, emphasizing the importance of effective soil and vegetation management to enhance C sequestration and ecosystem services. Strategies such as reintroducing nature into urban areas and applying organic amendments are promising in improving soil quality and microbial diversity. Further research and awareness are essential to maximize the effectiveness of these strategies, ensuring sustainable urban soil management and climate resilience.","author":[{"family":"Fiorentino","given":"Antonino"},{"family":"Rajput","given":"Farah"},{"family":"Serio","given":"Annamaria"},{"family":"Baldi","given":"Vincenzo"},{"family":"Guarino","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Baldantoni","given":"Daniela"},{"family":"Ronga","given":"Domenico"},{"family":"Mazzei","given":"Pierluigi"},{"family":"Motta","given":"Oriana"},{"family":"Falanga","given":"M"},{"family":"Cicatelli","given":"Angela"},{"family":"Castiglione","given":"Stefano"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/plants14040546","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14040546","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414414564","type":"article-journal","title":"Superior Energy Release of Ammonium Perchlorate Composites by Embedding Heterostructured Carbon Nanotube/Tricobalt Tetraoxide Thermal Conduction Pathways","abstract":"To address the inherent challenge of low reaction efficiency arising from interfacial thermal resistance in composite energetic materials, this study proposes a synergistic strategy integrating engineered thermal conduction pathways with precision catalysis for achieving high-efficiency energy release in ammonium perchlorate (AP). Heterostructured carbon nanotube (CNT)/Co 3 O 4 was synthesized via in situ growth of Co 3 O 4 nanoclusters on CNTs, followed by embedding onto the AP surface through spray drying-suspension coating technology. Comprehensive characterization confirmed the effective anchoring, uniform distribution, and interfacial interactions of Co 3 O 4 . With only 1 wt% CNT/Co 3 O 4 loading, the high-temperature decomposition peak temperature of AP was dramatically reduced from 450.9 °C (pristine AP) to 310.7 °C, accompanied by a 24.3% enhancement in heat release and a substantial 64.8% reduction in activation energy. Combustion tests revealed a 72.6% increase in flame radiation intensity and a 2.3-fold acceleration in pressurization rate for AP@CNT/Co mixing with aluminum. Mechanistic studies elucidate a tripartite synergy: (a) CNT-derived thermal conduction pathways elevate thermal conductivity, (b) Co 3 O 4 facilitates proton/electron transfer and drives the oxidation of gaseous products toward higher-valent nitrogen oxides, and (c) surface microporosity accelerates heat/mass diffusion. This concerted action enables focused, rapid, and efficient energy release from AP. This work establishes a generic interfacial engineering paradigm for enhancing energy release efficiency in composite energetic materials.","author":[{"family":"Xu","given":"Ruixuan"},{"family":"Qin","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Junlian"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Yongqiang"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Ke‐juan"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Su"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Kaili"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Junwei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.34133/research.0938","URL":"https://doi.org/10.34133/research.0938","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416401000","type":"article-journal","title":"Technological Approaches for the Capture and Reuse of Biogenic Carbon Dioxide Towards Sustainable Anaerobic Digestion","abstract":"Anaerobic digestion (AD) produces renewable energy but releases biogenic CO2 and generates digestate requiring management. This paper evaluates four emerging pathways for CO2 capture and reuse in AD systems: (1) in situ CO2 conversion to CH4 via microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), (2) hydrogenotrophic CO2 methanation using green hydrogen, (3) enzymatic CO2 capture coupled with autotrophic algae cultivation, and (4) digestate pyrolysis with syngas biomethanation. Each pathway is assessed in terms of technical feasibility, biocatalyst performance, system configuration, and key implementation challenges. Integrated scenarios demonstrate up to 98% CO2 emission reduction, substantial bioenergy yield improvements, and enhanced nutrient and biomass recovery compared to conventional AD. MEC-based and hydrogenotrophic pathways show the highest energy efficiency, while algae-based systems provide added bioproduct valorization. The remaining limitations include cost, process integration, and scale-up. The study defines development priorities to advance zero-emission AD technologies for the agri-food and waste management sectors.","author":[{"family":"Theodoropoulou","given":"Anastasia"},{"family":"Bagaki","given":"Dimitra"},{"family":"Gaspari","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Kougias","given":"Panagiotis"},{"family":"Treu","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Campanaro","given":"Stefano"},{"family":"Hidalgo","given":"Dolores"},{"family":"Timmers","given":"Rudolphus"},{"family":"Zrimec","given":"Maja"},{"family":"Reinhardt","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Grimaltalemany","given":"Antonio"},{"family":"Goonesekera","given":"Estelle"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su172210385","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su172210385","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415296219","type":"article-journal","title":"Pore-Scale Evolution of Carbonate and Sandstone Reservoirs Under CO2–Brine Interaction: Implications for Sustainable Carbon Storage","abstract":"The rise in atmospheric CO2 intensified the urgency for carbon capture and storage (CCS), yet uncertainties remain in predicting evolution of reservoir properties under CO2 injection. This study investigates how CO2–brine–rock interactions alter porosity and permeability in carbonate and sandstone reservoirs. We quantify pore-scale changes and effects of CO2-saturated brine on rock. In calcite-rich carbonates, CO2-induced acidification enhances permeability through selective dissolution. Dolomite-rich samples and sandstones exhibit suppressed permeability response due to slower dissolution and pore clogging. μCT and SEM reveal that although bulk porosity changes are small, local changes—especially formation of micropores and mineral occlusions—substantially influence permeability. Geochemical modeling confirms three-stage evolution: early dissolution, intermediate buffering with onset of precipitation, and long-term mineral trapping with near-steady porosity. The results indicate that early injectivity gains may be temporary and that proactive monitoring and management are required to safeguard long-term storage integrity. The findings provide actionable insight for sustainable CCS design, risk assessment, and reservoir stewardship.","author":[{"family":"Cicha-Szot","given":"Renata"},{"family":"Labus","given":"Krzysztof"},{"family":"Leśniak","given":"Grzegorz"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17209102","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17209102","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408116988","type":"article-journal","title":"Global spatiotemporal optimization of photovoltaic and wind power to achieve the Paris Agreement targets","abstract":"Limiting global warming below 1.5 or 2 °C calls for achieving energy systems with net-zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions likely by 2040 or 2070, but the pledged actions under current policies cannot meet these targets. Few studies have optimized global deployment of photovoltaic and wind power. Here we present a strategy involving construction of 22,821 photovoltaic, onshore-wind, and offshore-wind plants in 192 countries worldwide to minimize the levelized cost of electricity. We identify a large potential of cost reduction by combining coordination of energy storage and power transmission, dynamics of learning, trade of minerals, and development of supply chains. Our optimization increases the capacity of photovoltaic and wind power, accompanied by a reduction in the average cost of abatement from US Dollars ($) 140 (baseline) to $33 per tonne CO2. Our study provides a global roadmap for achieving energy systems with net-zero CO2 emissions, emphasizing the physical, financial, and socioeconomic challenges forward. This study present a strategy involving construction of 22,821 photovoltaic, onshore-wind, and offshore-wind plants in 192 countries worldwide under cost minimization, emphasizing the physical and socioeconomic challenges forward.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Yijing"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Rong"},{"family":"Tanaka","given":"Katsumasa"},{"family":"Ciais","given":"Philippe"},{"family":"Peñuelas","given":"Josep"},{"family":"Balkanski","given":"Yves"},{"family":"Sardans","given":"Jordi"},{"family":"Hauglustaine","given":"Didier"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Junji"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Jianmin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Xu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-57292-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57292-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415719025","type":"article-journal","title":"A review of underground hydrogen storage in depleted shale gas reservoirs: advances, challenges, and outlook","abstract":"Abstract With the continuous advancement of global carbon neutrality goals, hydrogen, as a clean and efficient energy carrier, is increasingly recognized as a critical enabler for energy transition and emission reduction. However, mismatches between hydrogen supply and demand may arise due to seasonal fluctuations and intermittent renewable generation, underscoring the essential role of effective storage. Depleted shale gas reservoirs, due to their substantial available storage capacity and unique geological characteristics, are regarded as promising candidates for large-scale underground hydrogen storage (UHS). Despite this potential, a comprehensive understanding of UHS in such reservoirs remains limited. To address this gap, this review provides a systematic synthesis of recent advances in geochemical and biochemical reactions, surface and interfacial phenomena, adsorption–diffusion processes, and reservoir-scale simulations relevant to UHS in depleted shale gas reservoirs. Drawing on these interdisciplinary insights, the technical, safety, and economic challenges associated with UHS in depleted shale gas reservoirs are examined. Finally, potential future research directions in areas such as experimental studies, numerical simulations, and supporting technologies are highlighted. This review delivers the first systematic perspective on H₂-brine-shale interactions and multi-field coupling processes in UHS within depleted shale gas reservoirs, offering essential guidance for advancing future research and enabling practical implementation.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Zhifeng"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Long"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Lüddeke","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Mao","given":"Jinhua"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Zhiguang"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Yucheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44438-025-00016-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44438-025-00016-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412595763","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of the Impact of Urban Form on Building Carbon Emissions","abstract":"With the intensification of urbanization, resulting in the growing building stock, building operations have become the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. However, the relationship between urban form and carbon emissions remains unclear, which limits the sustainable development of cities. This study reviews the definition of carbon sources, data characteristics, and evaluation methods of carbon emissions. In addition, the impact of urban form on building carbon emissions at the macro, meso, and micro scales is reviewed, and low-carbon design strategies for urban form are discussed. Finally, the existing problems in this field are pointed out, and future research directions are proposed. Our review found that small and medium-sized compact cities tend to have less carbon emissions, while large cities and megacities with compact urban forms have more carbon emissions. The carbon reduction design of urban form at the meso scale is often achieved by improving the microclimate. Developing a research framework for the impact mechanism of building carbon emissions in a coordinated manner with multi-scale urban forms can effectively promote the development of low-carbon sustainable cities. This review can assist urban planners and energy policymakers in selecting appropriate methods to formulate and implement low-carbon city analysis and planning projects based on limited available resources.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Zheming"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Qianhui"},{"family":"Lyu","given":"Silin"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Rui"},{"family":"Wan","given":"Zihang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15152604","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15152604","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406016425","type":"article-journal","title":"Elucidating Manganese Single‐Atom Doping: Strategies for Fluorescence Enhancement in Water‐Soluble Red‐Emitting Carbon Dots and Applications for FL/MR Dual Mode Imaging","abstract":"Abstract The absence of the enhancement of fluorescence in carbon dots (CDs) through doping with transition metal atoms (TMAs) hinders the advancement of multi‐modal bio‐imaging CDs with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). Herein, Mn‐atomically‐doped R‐CDs (R‐Mn‐CDs) with a high PLQY of 41.3% in water is presented, enabling efficient in vivo dual‐mode fluorescence/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The comprehensive characterizations reveal that the incorporation of Mn atoms leads to a Mn‐N2O2 coordinating structure, resulting in five significant effects: an increase in sp2 conjugation domains, a reduction in band gap, a decreased oxidation level, an increase in photo‐excited electron numbers, and the suppression of non‐radiative electron relaxation pathways. Collectively, these factors contribute to the remarkable PLQY of R‐Mn‐CDs. Additionally, the doping of Mn atoms also endows R‐Mn‐CDs with superior MR imaging capabilities due to, which highlights their promising prospect as a dual‐modal bio‐imaging platform for fluorescence/MR imaging. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the introduction of various TMAs, such as Mn, Zn, Ni, and Cu, can universally improve the PLQY of water‐soluble CDs through the construction of TMAs─O bonds. This research provides valuable theoretical insights into the mechanisms underlying the fluorescence enhancement induced by TMAs doping and offers guidance for the future design of high PLQY CDs.","author":[{"family":"Gao","given":"Fucheng"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Qiang"},{"family":"Ruan","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Li","given":"Can"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yan‐dong"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jichao"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Yanyan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202414895","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202414895","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411096861","type":"article-journal","title":"Combustion Utilization of High-Chlorine Coal: Current Status and Future Prospects","abstract":"Under China’s “dual carbon” goals (carbon peaking and carbon neutrality), the utilization of high-chlorine coal faces significant challenges due to its abundant reserves in regions such as Xinjiang and its notable environmental impacts. This study systematically investigates the combustion characteristics, environmental risks, and control strategies for high-chlorine coal. Key findings reveal that chlorine release occurs in three distinct stages, namely low-temperature desorption, medium-temperature organic bond cleavage, and high-temperature inorganic decomposition, with release kinetics governed by coal metamorphism and the reaction atmosphere. Chlorine synergistically enhances mercury oxidation through low-activation-energy pathways but exacerbates boiler corrosion via chloride–sulfate interactions. Advanced control technologies—such as water washing, calcium-based sorbents, and integrated pyrolysis–gasification systems—demonstrate substantial emission reductions. However, challenges remain in addressing high-temperature corrosion and optimizing multi-pollutant synergistic control. This study provides critical insights into the clean utilization of high-chlorine coal, supporting sustainable energy transitions.","author":[{"family":"Hong","given":"Kang"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Tuo"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Man"},{"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuyang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Weicheng"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Hairui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18123011","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18123011","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406873495","type":"article-journal","title":"From Waste to Worth: Innovative Pyrolysis of Textile Waste into Microporous Carbons for Enhanced Environmental Sustainability","abstract":"The generation of synthetic textile waste is a growing global concern, with an unsustainable rate of expansion. This study addresses the growing issue of synthetic textile waste by converting polyester–polyurethane (PET-PU) post-industrial scraps into microporous carbon materials, which can be utilized for wastewater treatment. Using a straightforward pyrolysis process, we achieved a high specific surface area (632 m2/g) and narrow porosity range (2–10 Å) without requiring chemical activation. The produced carbon materials effectively adsorbed methylene blue and orange II dyes, with maximum adsorption capacities of 169.49 mg/g and 147.56 mg/g, respectively. Kinetic studies demonstrated that adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, indicating strong interactions between the adsorbent and dyes. Regeneration tests showed that the C-PET-PU could be reused for multiple cycles with over 85% retention of its original adsorption capacity. Preliminary life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC) analysis highlighted the environmental and economic advantages of this upcycling approach, showing a reduced global warming potential and a production cost of approximately 1.65 EUR/kg. These findings suggest that transforming PET-PU waste into valuable adsorbents provides a sustainable solution for the circular economy and highlights the potential for broader applications in environmental remediation.","author":[{"family":"Anceschi","given":"Anastasia"},{"family":"Trotta","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Zoccola","given":"Marina"},{"family":"Caldera","given":"Fabrizio"},{"family":"Magnacca","given":"Giuliana"},{"family":"Patrucco","given":"Alessia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/polym17030341","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17030341","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414805595","type":"article-journal","title":"Life cycle assessment of carbon capture and storage value chains: A systematic, critical literature review","abstract":"Quantification of greenhouse gas emissions is required for carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects to determine carbon offsets. Application of life cycle assessment (LCA) is the commonly applied framework for assessing life cycle impacts yet consensus and formal guidance on a rigorous approach is lacking for CCS. This study inter alia seeks to determine the level of consistency and uncertainty in reported LCAs. It follows a systematic literature-review protocol involving peer-reviewed articles on Scopus and Web-of-Science published between 2013 and 2024. A total of 33 articles were analysed according to a pre-defined set of criteria for data collection, analysis and reporting. We observed larger discrepancies in the general study characteristics, input values for energy demands and reported results. Low comparability across studies is caused by differences in methodological choices, functional unit and system boundaries. Less than half of the articles apply a full value chain perspective, and below one quarter includes projection of electricity carbon intensities. This review concludes that ambiguity arises in LCAs of CCS value chains due to repetitive omission of transport, storage and monitoring activities. We call for greater distinguishment between energy demands needed for capturing such as electricity use, heat generation, compression and liquefaction. Seeking standardization of carbon offsetting methodologies, we suggest including energy and material demands for transport, intermediate tank storage and injection processes along with drilling and post-injection monitoring as minimum system boundaries. Moreover, we propose the use of mechanistic modelling for validation of energy demands in life cycle inventories for prospective CCS projects.","author":[{"family":"Emborg","given":"Mia"},{"family":"Kisieliene","given":"L"},{"family":"Thonemann","given":"Nils"},{"family":"Eftekhari","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Olsen","given":"Stig"},{"family":"Emborg","given":"M"},{"family":"Thonemann","given":"N"},{"family":"Eftekhari","given":"AA"},{"family":"Olsen","given":"SI"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.spc.2025.09.015","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2025.09.015","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118067233","type":"article-journal","title":"Research progress on Ti-based materials for MgH 2 hydrogen storage systems","abstract":"Magnesium hydride (MgH2) as a solid-state hydrogen storage material has obtained intense attention in extensive research because of its high hydrogen-storage capacity, excellent reversibility, and relatively low cost. However, two primary obstacles of slow kinetics during hydrogenation/dehydrogenation process and high thermodynamic stability of Mg-H bond hinders the large-scale application of MgH2. Therefore, developing high-efficiency catalysts is necessary for hydrogen storage systems. Titanium (Ti) as an active element, shows promising in enhancing hydrogen storage activity and has been reported extensively. Herein, this review summarized the synthesis approaches, testing technology, and hydrogen storage performance of various Ti-based additives in detail. The structure-activity relationship of Ti-based materials was researched by combining experiment and DFT simulations. In particular, the focus is on the investigation of synthesis, characterization and reaction mechanism of various Ti-based additives. The real active sites and different reaction mechanisms during MgH2 hydrogen storage system are discussed. Finally, a summary and outlook were also presented. This review has the potential to guide the design of high-efficient catalysts and provide embedded guidance for future development and application of Mg-based materials in hydrogen storage system.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Huanhuan"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Yanping"},{"family":"Guan","given":"Shuyan"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Wen"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Mingchang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhenglong"},{"family":"Dou","given":"Yuhai"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jiarui"},{"family":"Zhuang","given":"Zechao"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Zhenluo"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Shiqian"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Dingsheng"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Baozhong"},{"family":"Pan","given":"H"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.63823/20250201","URL":"https://doi.org/10.63823/20250201","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410619308","type":"article-journal","title":"Multiscale Catalyst Engineering for Stable, Selective, and Carbon‐Neutral Industrial Hydrogen Peroxide Electrosynthesis","abstract":"ABSTRACT The electrocatalytic two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) has emerged as a pivotal strategy for sustainable hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) synthesis, offering a carbon‐neutral alternative to the energy‐intensive anthraquinone process. This review critically synthesizes recent breakthroughs in catalyst design, mechanistic understanding, and system integration to address the persistent selectivity–stability trade‐off. Key advances include atomic‐level engineering of electronic modulation and surface functionalization and hydrophobicity control, which achieve > 95% H2O2 selectivity by precisely tuning *OOH adsorption energy and suppressing 4e− pathways. Hierarchical architectures, such as flow‐through electrodes and catalytic membranes, extend operational stability beyond 500 h at industrial current densities (> 200 mA cm−2) through confinement effects and interfacial engineering. Emerging operando characterization techniques coupled with machine learning‐accelerated simulations now enable dynamic mapping of active‐site evolution and degradation mechanisms. System‐level innovations integrating renewable energy input and circular carbon strategies demonstrate pilot‐scale feasibility for net‐negative emission H2O2 production. However, persistent challenges in scalability, long‐term catalyst durability under fluctuating loads, and techno‐economic gaps between laboratory and industrial implementations require urgent attention. We propose a multidisciplinary roadmap combining materials genome initiatives, modular reactor design, and policy‐driven lifecycle assessment frameworks to accelerate the deployment of 2e− ORR systems. This work provides actionable guidance for advancing carbon‐neutral chemical manufacturing through electrochemical routes aligned with global net‐zero goals.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Mengxue"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Zhiyong"},{"family":"Zhi","given":"Tianyu"},{"family":"Yue","given":"Shuai"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Tian"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Pengfei"},{"family":"Zhan","given":"Sihui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cnl2.70017","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnl2.70017","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411207794","type":"article-journal","title":"Deep eutectic solvent-assisted carbon quantum dots for nanomolar detection of 4-nitrophenol","abstract":"4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) is a toxic, persistent, and carcinogenic pollutant, classified by the U.S. EPA as a primary contaminant. Commonly released by the pharmaceutical industry, it poses serious health risks, damaging the liver, kidneys, central nervous system, and bloodstream, highlighting the need for eco-friendly detection methods. To solve the difficulty of 4-NP detection, the work offers a unique and sustainable detection approach based on nitrogen and chlorine co-functionalized carbon quantum dots (S-CQDs). The hydrothermal approach was used for the synthesis, with sucrose serving as a carbon precursor and a deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of urea and choline chloride in a 1 : 2 molar ratio. The nanosensor exhibited strong green fluorescence, excellent water solubility, photostability and ∼56%. Quantum yield. HRTEM revealed spherical and monodispersed S-CQDs that averaged 3.06 nm in size. FTIR and XPS investigations revealed amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl, and chlorine groups on the surface of S-CQDs, confirming intrinsic nitrogen and chlorine functionalization. XRD, UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and TCSPC were used for further characterization. For 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), the nanoprobe demonstrated excellent sensitivity and selectivity with a detection limit of 10 nM. An inner filter effect (IFE) associated with a zwitterionic spirocyclic Meisenheimer complex was confirmed by mechanistic investigations because of spectrum overlap and unaltered lifespan values. To further elucidate the sensing process, photophysical metrics like binding constants and quenching efficiency were also assessed. This work paves the way for developing a sensitive, green fluorescent nanosensor for a rapid, cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach as well as on-site detection of 4-NP, offering a promising tool for pollution monitoring and control for environmental water samples.","author":[{"family":"Kaur","given":"Mandeep"},{"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Mily"},{"family":"Maity","given":"Banibrata"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5ra00824g","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra00824g","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414000841","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Effects of Pre‐Treatment and Post‐Treatment Techniques","abstract":"ABSTRACT Hard carbon (HC), an amorphous carbon‐based material, is a promising anode for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) due to its sustainability and electrochemical performance. Direct carbonization offers a simple and energy‐efficient synthesis route with relatively high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE), though often at the expense of capacity. To overcome this limitation, both pre‐treatment and post‐treatment strategies have been developed to enhance HC properties. pre‐treatment methods modify structural characteristics during synthesis by increasing structural disorder, surface activity, and defect density. In contrast, post‐treatment methods improve the electrochemical behavior of the final product, yet remain comparatively underexplored. These two approaches serve complementary functions and, when integrated, offer potential for optimizing performance. This review discusses the methodologies, benefits, limitations, and impact of various pre‐ and post‐treatment strategies for HC anodes in SIBs. Advancing understanding in this area is essential for the development of high‐performance and sustainable SIB technologies.","author":[{"family":"Mohammed","given":"Muetaz"},{"family":"Hossain","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Bari","given":"Md"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/bte2.20250054","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.20250054","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414939809","type":"article-journal","title":"Reversible Carbon Dioxide Capture and Release using an Electropolymerized Anthraquinone Electrode in Aqueous Solution","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The rise of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in the atmosphere is closely linked to global climate change, driving the need for efficient carbon capture technologies. This study investigates the electrochemical carbon capture capabilities of the polymer poly-1-aminoanthraquinone (p-1-AAQ) when coated onto glassy carbon and carbon paper electrodes. This polymer is synthesized from cheap materials using facile, oxidative electropolymerization and provides high cyclic stability. Cyclic voltammetry and potentiostatic “electroswing” methods were employed together with infrared spectroscopy detection to study CO 2 capture and evaluate Faradaic efficiency under acidic, neutral, and alkaline conditions. These results indicate that coated glassy carbon electrodes offer significantly higher Faradaic efficiencies than carbon paper (CP). However, carbon paper electrodes still displayed an exemplary maximum capture efficiency of 76%, showing that 2 CO 2 molecules were captured per polymeric anthraquinone repeating unit. With a low loading of electroactive polymer on the overall electrode, a good CO 2 uptake capacity of 0.17 mmol CO2 g p-1-AAQ+CP –1 based on the whole immersed electrode mass was achieved. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that differences in interface resistance between the polymer and the electrolyte contribute to this disparity, particularly at lower potentials where glassy carbon shows suppressed unwanted side reactions.","author":[{"family":"Leeb","given":"Elisabeth"},{"family":"Wielend","given":"Dominik"},{"family":"Kleinbruckner","given":"Nadine"},{"family":"Werner","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Schimanofsky","given":"Corina"},{"family":"Greussing","given":"Victoria"},{"family":"Matura","given":"Katharina"},{"family":"Portenkirchner","given":"Engelbert"},{"family":"Sariçiftçi","given":"Niyazi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsami.5c17350","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c17350","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417048988","type":"article-journal","title":"Understanding carbon quantum dots through computational methods in quantum chemistry","abstract":"Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as versatile nanomaterials with unique optical, electronic, and thermal properties driven by their quantum confinement and surface characteristics. This review critically examines the role of computational quantum chemistry, particularly density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT), in advancing the understanding of CQDs. We discuss various computational approaches used to model the structural, electronic, and photophysical properties of CQDs and their interaction with different chemical environments, including solvents and dopants. Emphasis is placed on how computational methods complement experimental studies by elucidating fluorescence mechanisms, predicting molecular structures, and guiding the rational design of CQDs for applications in sensing, bioimaging, catalysis, and optoelectronics. Challenges such as computational cost, the complexity of CQD structural models, and limitations of current theoretical approaches are highlighted. This review also identifies emerging trends and future directions for improving the accuracy and scalability of computational techniques in CQD research.","author":[{"family":"Nirmalkar","given":"Nidhi"},{"family":"Patel","given":"Deepak"},{"family":"Shrivas","given":"Kamlesh"},{"family":"Kumari","given":"Neeraj"},{"family":"Thakur","given":"Kiran"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Bhaskar"},{"family":"Dewangan","given":"Khemchand"},{"family":"Thakur","given":"Santosh"},{"family":"Patra","given":"Goutam"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44371-025-00382-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-025-00382-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414082430","type":"article-journal","title":"Formation of surfaces oxide vacancies in porous ZnCo2O4 nanoflowers for enhanced energy storage performance","abstract":"A cost-effective and large-scale method for synthesizing ZnCo 2 O 4 nanoflowers with surface oxygen vacancies as electrode materials for supercapacitors is presented. The existence of oxygen vacancies on the surface of the ZnCo 2 O 4 nanoflowers has been confirmed through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The energy bands and density of states (DOS) of ZnCo 2 O 4 are examined using density functional theory, revealing that treatment with NaBH 4 reduces the band gap of ZnCo 2 O 4 while increasing the DOS near the Fermi level compared to pristine ZnCo 2 O 4 . Furthermore, the specific capacitance of reduced ZnCo 2 O 4 is nearly double that of its unmodified counterpart. This straightforward and practical approach significantly enhances both conductivity and specific capacitance in metal oxides, making it applicable to other similar materials.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Deyang"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Binhe"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Wenbo"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Jinbing"},{"family":"Qiu","given":"Kangwen"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Ying"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s11671-025-04347-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-025-04347-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407406894","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Developments in Polymeric Adsorbents for CO 2 Capture","abstract":"Abstract The increasing reliance on fossil fuels and anthropogenic activities has led to rising CO 2 emissions, contributing significantly to global warming. Carbon capture technologies are essential in mitigating these effects, with post combustion CO 2 adsorption emerging as a promising technique. The field of polymer is rapidly growing with continuous innovations in polymer science, customisation techniques, and adsorption performance. Moreover, the information is scattered throughout the literature and needs better compilation. This review highlights the developments in polymeric adsorbents over the past decade for CO 2 capture. These adsorbents offer greater versatility due to their tunable structures and functional properties. Chemical modification, such as amine functionalization, and increased porosity enhances their CO 2 adsorption capacity and selectivity. Due to high amine densities, polymeric amines like PEI, supported on other adsorbents, have shown superior performance. Additionally, waste polymer‐based adsorbents offer the dual benefit of CO 2 capture and environmental pollution reduction. By presenting these developments, we illustrate how polymeric materials related innovations drive advancements in sustainable carbon capture technologies.","author":[{"family":"Kaur","given":"Jasmine"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Sudhir"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"Raj"},{"family":"Bhunia","given":"Haripada"},{"family":"Dubey","given":"KA"},{"family":"Chaudhari","given":"CV"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/slct.202405495","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202405495","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411863869","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessment of ecofriendly carbon capture using Bacillus subtilis induced calcium carbonate precipitation with focus on applications mechanisms and cost efficiency","abstract":"Abstract This work focuses on exploiting the naturally occurring microbial calcium carbonate precipitation catalyzed by microbial consortia within lakes and oceans biogeochemistry for carbon dioxide removal from atmosphere. In this work, Bacillus subtilis OQ119616 was used for carbon dioxide sequestration in equi-molar concentrations into Bacillus-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (BICCP). As this process requires alkaline media, urea degradation by urease and nitrogen fixation were traced. BICCP has been formed from calcium salts in the following order: chloride > nitrate > acetate > citrate. However, conversion efficiency percentage (CE%) of calcium salts to CaCO3 exhibited a different attitude of citrate > acetate > chloride > nitrate. Calcium citrate is excluded from consideration. Acetate, however, is the most efficient salt; it significantly exhibited the highest CE%, with the least cost and highest economic feasibility. The wide range in quantities, efficiency and feasibility indicates the importance of the salt anion in BICCP. In addition, BICCP exhibited applicability in healing concrete cracks, improving field capacity of sand soil and the subsequently improved seed germination of Vicia faba. BICCP was also accompanied by adsorption of heavy metals as partial purging of waste/sewage water for hygiene/reuse. Bacillus subtilis exhibited the ability to perform MICP, utilizing various calcium salts in the following order: chloride > acetate > nitrate > citrate. However, acetate is the most efficient salt of calcium to be converted to calcium carbonate precipitate by B. subtilis, as it exhibited the highest conversion efficiency percentage (g/g %), with the least cost and highest economic feasibility. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) occurs at simultaneous equity to CaCO3 precipitation at mole/mole ratios. Economic feasibility (US$/m3) showed that BICCP may be applicable in CDR for cleansing carbon dioxide inside closed systems and for environmental safety. The bacterially induced CaCO3 proved successful applicability in improving the field capacity of sand soil and growth of V. faba, healing concrete cracks and sorption of heavy metals for depolluting sewage/wastewater for hygiene reuse. BICCP could repair concrete cracks of 1–2 mm wide in 7 days by 210 * 106 cells/mL. Adsorption of heavy metals (Pd, Zn, Cd and Cu) for partial removal of contaminants in/from waste/sewage water for hygiene reuse.","author":[{"family":"Danial","given":"Amal"},{"family":"Hasan","given":"Riaz"},{"family":"Mahmoud","given":"Ghada"},{"family":"Abdel-Basset","given":"Refat"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-06688-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06688-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410082848","type":"article-journal","title":"Synergistic Effects in Copolymerized Carbon Nitride/ MoO3 Heterojunction Composites for Efficient Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalysis","abstract":"ABSTRACT The engineering of very effective and sustainable photocatalysts is needed to confront both environmental and energy problems. This work included the synthesis and evaluation of a range of copolymerized graphitic carbon nitride (CN)‐based materials (CN‐PAx) and their heterojunction composite materials with molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) for photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) generation and methylene blue (MB) degradation under visible‐light illumination. Pristine CN and MoO3 had lower photocatalytic performance, but copolymerized CN materials (CN‐PA200, CN‐PA400, CN‐PA600) and their heterojunction composite materials (CN/MoO3, CN‐PA400/MoO3(3%), CN‐PA400/MoO3(6%), and CN‐PA400/MoO3(9%)) demonstrated substantial enhancements. Of them, CN‐PA400/MoO3(6%) had the greatest H2 production rate of 127.22 μmol/h, almost 6.8 times higher than pure CN. It attained an outstanding MB photodegradation performance of 99.3% in 1 h, demonstrating exceptional stability by maintaining over 95% effectiveness throughout four successive cycles. The exceptional efficiency of CN‐PA400/MoO3(6%) is ascribed to its improved heterojunction design, which improves the separation of charge particles, minimizes recombination, and promotes visible‐light absorption. The band alignment among CN‐PA400 and MoO3 facilitates effective electron transport, whereas the presence of many active sites enhances the photocatalytic processes. These results present significant insights into the development of effective heterojunction photocatalysts and highlight the promise of CN‐PA400/MoO3(6%) for renewable energy generation and environmental cleanup purposes.","author":[{"family":"Ye","given":"Junsheng"},{"family":"Beagan","given":"Abeer"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Sheng‐rong"},{"family":"Hayat","given":"Asif"},{"family":"Orooji","given":"Yasin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/eom2.70015","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70015","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407417534","type":"article-journal","title":"Solar-driven selective conversion of millimolar dissolved carbon to fuels with molecular flux generation","abstract":"Abstract The direct utilization of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater for CO 2 conversion promises chemical production on-demand and with zero carbon footprint. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) CO 2 reduction (CO 2 R) devices promise the sustainable conversion of dissolved carbon in seawater to carbon products using sunlight as the only energy input. However, the diffusion-dominant transport mechanism and the near-zero concentration of CO 2 (aq) (CO 2 dissolved in aqueous solution) in static seawater has made it extremely challenging to achieve high solar-to-fuel (STF) efficiency and high carbon-product selectivity. Here, where CO 2 (aq) as a reactant generated in situ by acidification of HCO 3 - flows continuously from BiVO 4 photoanodes to Si photocathodes, enabling a single-step conversion of dissolved carbon into products. Our PEC device significantly increases the CO selectivity from 3% to 21%, which approaches the 30% theoretical limit according to multi-physics modeling. Meanwhile, the Si/BiVO 4 PEC CO 2 R device achieved a STF efficiency of 0.71%. Such flow engineering achieves flow-dependent selectivity, rate, and stability in simulated seawater, thus promising practical solar fuel production at scale.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Qian"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Xiang"},{"family":"Su","given":"Haoqing"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wentao"},{"family":"Kludze","given":"Atsu"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Yuze"},{"family":"He","given":"CF"},{"family":"Yanagi","given":"Rito"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Shu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-56106-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56106-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416555927","type":"article-journal","title":"Interfacial dynamics and mass transfer in underground hydrogen storage applications: A review of H₂ flow, stability and storage performance","abstract":"Hydrogen is emerging as a clean energy carrier in the global transition toward decarbonized energy systems. Leveraging established subsurface engineering expertise, underground hydrogen storage can be realized in salt caverns, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs, and deep saline aquifers. However, the physicochemical characteristics of hydrogen including low viscosity, high diffusivity and strong chemical reactivity create unique challenges for its containment, transport and recovery from porous media. This review systematically analyzes the known interfacial and pore-scale mechanisms governing hydrogen migration, trapping and loss in heterogeneous reservoirs. The key processes comprise capillary trapping, molecular diffusion, interfacial reactions, and microbial activity. Interactions among hydrogen, brine and mineral surfaces are evaluated in terms of wettability, interfacial tension and pore connectivity, all of which directly influence storage efficiency and recovery performance. Advanced experimental methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance, microfluidics models, and X-ray computed tomography, combined with pore-scale simulations, are assessed for their ability to characterize multiphase flow and reactive transport behavior. Furthermore, the impact of operational factors like cushion gas composition, pressure cycling and injection-production strategies on storage integrity is discussed. Addressing these multi-physics and multi-scale challenges is essential for the safe and efficient implementation of underground hydrogen storage. Finally, this review identifies priority research directions aimed at improving mechanistic predictions and optimizing the operational management of hydrogen behavior in subsurface environments. Document Type: Invited review Cited as: Ren, J., Sun, L., Li, X., Wang, P., Jiang, L., Song, Y. Interfacial dynamics and mass transfer in underground hydrogen storage applications: A review of H₂ flow, stability and storage performance. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2025, 18(2): 121-136. https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2025.11.03","author":[{"family":"Ren","given":"Jiani"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Lintao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiaofeng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Pengfei"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Lanlan"},{"family":"Song","given":"Yongchen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.46690/ager.2025.11.03","URL":"https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2025.11.03","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412599132","type":"article-journal","title":"Turning Polluted Biomass Waste into Sustainable Carbon-Based Catalysts for Hydrogen Production via Water Electrolysis","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The development of highly efficient, effective, and low-cost carbon-based catalysts for hydrogen production through water electrolysis represents a significant challenge in sustainable energy conversion. In this work, carbon materials derived from biomass waste, specifically a metal-polluted vegetal species ( Spergularia rubra ) from a former mining location, were used. Biomass was subjected to hydrothermal carbonization, producing hydrochar. The influence of both thermal and chemical post-treatment was studied in relation to hydrogen production efficiency. The thermal treatment was conducted at 300, 500, and 1000 °C, while the chemical precursors used were KOH and H 3 PO 4 . Additionally, these waste-derived carbon materials were compared with carbon Vulcan XC-72, a common reference material in these processes originated from fossil sources. Several electrochemical techniques were employed to evaluate and identify the most suitable sample for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Additionally, physicochemical characterization analyses were conducted to gain a comprehensive understanding of the morphology, composition, and surface structure of the biomass-derived carbon materials, as well as to establish correlations with their electrochemical behavior toward the HER. The sample that demonstrated the most favorable performance was the one chemically activated with KOH, which exhibited an outstanding Tafel slope (147 mV/dec) and a low overpotential at 10 mA/cm 2 (−550 mV vs RHE) surpassing even the commercial Vulcan XC-72 sample. Furthermore, the chronoamperometry test showed a very stable performance for this sample. These results demonstrate that plant biomass waste containing metals presents a viable alternative to carbon blacks, commonly used as electrocatalysts for hydrogen production, also providing an efficient and sustainable method to valorize these wastes.","author":[{"family":"Comendador","given":"J"},{"family":"Llanos","given":"Javier"},{"family":"Ramírez","given":"Álvaro"},{"family":"Muñoz","given":"Martı́n"},{"family":"Lópezfernández","given":"Ester"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02282","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02282","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409082597","type":"article-journal","title":"Quantifying the Impact of Cathode Composite Mixing Quality on Active Mass Utilization and Reproducibility of Solid‐State Battery Cells","abstract":"Abstract Research into the development and understanding of solid‐state batteries often relies on pelletized press cells due to their comparative ease of use. However, these model cells are prone to comparability and reproducibility issues. This study examines the extent to which the cathode composite preparation influences the cell performance of a reference system comprising LiNi0.82Mn0.07Co0.11O2 as the cathode active material, Li6PS5Cl as the solid electrolyte, carbon nanofibers as the conductive additive, and an indium–lithium foil anode. The cathode composite is prepared either via hand mortaring or in a mini vibrating mill. The mixing process is found to be critical for the reproducibility of cell performance and accounts for many of the discrepancies observed in the capacities of different cells made with identical materials and following the same cell assembly protocol. The open‐circuit relaxation method is implemented to quantify active mass utilization in the cathode in situ, which depends on the mixing process and correlates with the cell performance. This approach allows for a quantitative differentiation between static and kinetic capacity losses during the discussion of specific capacity values. The results demonstrate the significance of cathode composite mixing and the necessity of quantifying the mixing quality for reliable electrochemical data acquisition and interpretation.","author":[{"family":"Kissel","given":"Maximilian"},{"family":"Schosland","given":"Marie"},{"family":"Töws","given":"Julia"},{"family":"Kalita","given":"Daizy"},{"family":"Schneider","given":"Yannik"},{"family":"Kesslerkühn","given":"Jill"},{"family":"Schröder","given":"Steffen"},{"family":"Schubert","given":"Johannes"},{"family":"Frankenberg","given":"Finn"},{"family":"Kwade","given":"Arno"},{"family":"Bielefeld","given":"Anja"},{"family":"Richter","given":"Felix"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/aenm.202405405","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202405405","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408074214","type":"article-journal","title":"Smart integrated biorefineries in bioeconomy: A concept toward zero-waste, emission reduction, and self-sufficient energy production","abstract":"Integrated biorefineries play a transformative role in sustainable development by converting biomass and biogenic residues into high-value products while minimizing waste, emissions, and resource inefficiencies. This review explores innovations in biorefinery processes, emphasizing the synergy between thermochemical, biochemical, and biological technologies such as pyrolysis, fermentation, anaerobic digestion, hydrothermal carbonization, and algae and insect systems. Recent advancements, including hydrothermal humification and fulvification, enhance nutrient recovery, carbon sequestration, and near-zero waste production by generating artificial humic substances. Smart integrated biorefineries and the sustainable and circular bioeconomy systems are introduced as frameworks that promote synergy, interconnectivity, and resource optimization. These concepts emphasize that biomass valorization should be maximized before its final use. Biochar plays a multifaceted role beyond carbon sequestration. Rather than premature burial, it can be derived from fermented residues for lactic acid production or used to enhance fermentation and methane yields in anaerobic digestion. Additionally, nutrient-loaded biochar serves as a slow-release fertilizer, mitigating runoff, and GHG emissions. Meanwhile, heat from biochar production can generate electricity, and CO₂ emissions can support algae cultivation. Bio-oil, another byproduct, can be upgraded into platform chemicals, forming a closed-loop system that optimizes biomass utilization and minimizes environmental impact. Conventional biomass treatment methods, such as incineration, combustion, and composting, waste valuable resources and contribute to environmental degradation. Instead, a closed-loop, self-optimizing approach ensures full biomass utilization while addressing planetary boundaries. By integrating machine learning, digital twins, and decision-support systems, smart integrated biorefineries enhance resource efficiency, adapt to market demands, and accelerate the transition to a low-carbon, resource-efficient future.","author":[{"family":"Marzban","given":"Nader"},{"family":"Psarianos","given":"Marios"},{"family":"Herrmann","given":"Christiane"},{"family":"Schulz-Nielsen","given":"Lisa"},{"family":"Olszewskawiddrat","given":"Agata"},{"family":"Arefi","given":"Arman"},{"family":"Pecenka","given":"Ralf"},{"family":"Grundmann","given":"Philipp"},{"family":"Schlüter","given":"Oliver"},{"family":"Hoffmann","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Rotter","given":"Vera"},{"family":"Nikoloski","given":"Zoran"},{"family":"Sturm","given":"Barbara"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.18331/brj2025.12.1.4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.18331/brj2025.12.1.4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414439655","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-Carbon Dispatch Method Considering Node Carbon Emission Controlling Based on Carbon Emission Flow Theory","abstract":"Fair sharing of carbon emission responsibilities is an important direction for the low carbonization of power systems. This paper proposes a new low-carbon dispatch method (N-LCD), which takes node carbon emissions as a constraint for power system decision-making, so as to adapt to the current management needs of power carbon footprint. The N-LCD model is built on the traditional optimal power flow (OPF) or low-carbon dispatch (LCD) model, integrating carbon flow equations and constraints and introducing a bidirectional power flow component to solve the problem of unknown carbon flow direction in power flow optimization. Empirical analysis proves the effectiveness of the N-LCD model in ensuring the fair share of carbon emission responsibilities and solving low-carbon unit commitment optimization based on carbon nodal emission control.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Xinda"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Qiuyu"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Weitao"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Jingyu"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Danhong"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Hancheng"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Xiang"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Chen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18195050","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18195050","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414334706","type":"article-journal","title":"The Impact of Ecological Restoration Measures on Carbon Storage: Spatio-Temporal Dynamics and Driving Mechanisms in Karst Desertification Control","abstract":"Karst landscapes, characterized by ecological constraints such as thin soil layers, severe rock desertification, and fragile habitats, require a clear understanding of the mechanisms regulating carbon storage and the impacts of ecological restoration measures. However, current research lacks detailed insights into the specific effects of ecological restoration measures. This study integrates multi-source remote sensing data and adjusts InVEST model parameters to systematically reveal the spatiotemporal evolution of carbon storage and its driving mechanisms in typical karst plateau regions of southwest China under ecological restoration measures. The results indicate: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the carbon stock in the study area increased by 6.09% overall. However, from 2020 to 2025, due to the rapid conversion of forest land into building land and grassland, the carbon stock decreased sharply by 7.69%. (2) Severe rock desertification constrains carbon stock, and afforestation provides significantly higher long-term carbon sink benefits. (3) The spatial heterogeneity of carbon storage is primarily influenced by the combined effects of natural factors (rock desertification, elevation, NDVI) and human factors (POP). Based on the research findings, it is recommended that measures to promote close forests be prioritized in karst regions to protect and restore forest ecosystems. At the same time, local habitat improvement and the establishment of ecological compensation mechanisms should be implemented, and the expansion of building land should be strictly controlled to enhance the stability of ecosystems and their carbon sink functions. These research findings provide a solid scientific basis for enhancing and precisely regulating the carbon sink capacity of fragile karst ecosystems, and are of great significance for formulating scientifically sound and reasonable ecological protection policies.","author":[{"family":"Shui","given":"Li"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Pingping"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Changxin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Haoru"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Xiong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/land14091903","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land14091903","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407377405","type":"article-journal","title":"Shape‐Stabilization of Phase Change Materials with Carbon‐Conscious Poly(hydroxy)Urethane Foams","abstract":"Abstract Thermal energy regulation is a significant challenge, contributing to over 30% of annual greenhouse gas emission (GHG) emissions. Phase change materials (PCMs) offer a promising solution by storing thermal energy, which can enable the reuse of waste heat for heating and cooling; however, developing materials for shape‐stabilized PCMs remains crucial. This work investigates a self‐foaming poly(hydroxy)urethane (PHU), derived from a non‐isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU), as a porous support for shape‐stabilizing paraffinic and salt hydrate PCMs. PHU‐encapsulated paraffinic PCMs exhibited excellent thermal stability over repeated cycles. Thermal stability with salt hydrate PCMs, specifically calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl 2 •6H 2 O), is achieved by the incorporation of 5 wt.% barium carbonate (BaCO 3 ) into the PHU foam. This enabled stable cycling for over 48 cycles with desirable thermal properties, i.e., a melting point ≈30 °C, high enthalpy (ca. 138 J g −1 per cycle), and a consistent freezing point ≈20 °C, making it suitable for applications in buildings and electric vehicle battery insulation. Also, incorporating graphite (1.5–10 wt.%) into the foam enhanced the thermal conductivity of shape‐stabilized CaCl 2 •6H 2 O during heating and cooling cycles. Overall, the approach detailed here offers a carbon‐conscious and chemically tunable material for thermal energy storage.","author":[{"family":"Lee","given":"Minjung"},{"family":"Dahlhauser","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Lucci","given":"Chloe"},{"family":"Donohoe","given":"Bryon"},{"family":"Allen","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Rorrer","given":"Nicholas"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202421039","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202421039","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411114976","type":"article-journal","title":"Plant functional traits and community characteristics jointly shape soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus storage in passively restored wetlands following agricultural abandonment","abstract":"Abstract Wetland reclamation disrupts original biogeomorphic processes, making passive restoration after agricultural abandonment a key near‒natural solution. Served as critical indicators of ecological restoration outcomes, soil organic carbon (TSOC), total nitrogen (TSN), and total phosphorus (TSP) storages are closely linked to plant community succession and functional strategies, but their drivers and influencing pathways remain unclear. This study examined soil functions (TSOC, TSN, and TSP), plant communities, and functional traits in passively restored freshwater wetlands following agricultural abandonment on China’s Sanjiang Plain. Results revealed that TSOC and TSN peaked at 14- and 17-year post-restoration, respectively, then stabilized, while TSP initially decreased before increasing. With extended restoration duration, plant communities showed increased height, coverage and biomass but decreased density and diversity, while functional traits transitioned from acquisitive to conservative strategies. Variance partitioning analysis revealed that soil function dynamics were primarily governed by plant community and functional trait interactions. Random forest models identified key drivers, while structural equation model delineated both direct effects of restoration duration and indirect pathways mediated by plant attributes. Specifically, synergistic declines in specific leaf area (SLA) and plant density enhanced TSOC accumulation. Coordinated reductions in SLA and stem phosphorus content (SPC) increased aboveground biomass (AGB) and TSN but depleted TSP. Furthermore, a trade-off between leaf phosphorus content (LPC) and root-to-shoot ratio (RSR) also modulated TSN dynamics. These findings demonstrate that passive wetland restoration facilitates soil function stabilization, with plant functional traits and community characteristics playing synergistic effects. This mechanistic understanding provides a scientific framework for optimizing restoration strategies.","author":[{"family":"An","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Le"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Mingye"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Keke"},{"family":"Tong","given":"Shouzheng"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Haitao"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Guodong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/jpe/rtaf084","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtaf084","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415544388","type":"article-journal","title":"Microbial Considerations for the Permanent Geological Storage of CO 2","abstract":"ABSTRACT Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a cornerstone strategy for achieving Net Zero emissions, yet the role of microbial life in subsurface CO 2 storage remains underexplored. This mini‐review highlights the deep biosphere as a key but overlooked player in CCS operations across saline aquifers, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs and basalt formations. It synthesizes evidence that microbial communities can both compromise and enhance CO 2 storage via processes like methanogenesis, sulfidogenesis, corrosion and carbonate mineralization. Drawing on insights from hydrocarbon extraction and early CCS case studies, the review emphasizes the need for comprehensive microbial and geochemical monitoring to assess risks and harness potential benefits. The authors advocate for a holistic biogeochemistry toolkit and cross‐sector collaboration to ensure safe, effective and microbiologically informed CCS deployment.","author":[{"family":"Nixon","given":"Sophie"},{"family":"Walker","given":"Leanne"},{"family":"Tyne","given":"Rebecca"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/1462-2920.70195","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.70195","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4408857718","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimal sizing and operation of community hybrid energy storage systems","abstract":"Configuring a community energy storage system (CESS) helps balance energy supply-demand and increase the self-consumption rate of distributed renewable energy based generation on the user side. However, a CESS primarily relies on battery storage, whose high economic cost makes large-scale development and practical application difficult. Given this background, the optimal sizing and operational strategy for a community hybrid energy storage system (CHESS) is proposed in this paper, which comprises the slow-response energy storage device (SRESD) and the fast-response energy storage device (FRESD). Firstly, considering the community's willingness to deploy storage and the impact of storage on smoothing load fluctuations, a multi-objective optimization model aiming to maximize community profits and minimize load fluctuations is proposed, which is transformed into a single objective optimization by incorporating a penalty factor. Then, the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm is employed to derive typical community load and electricity price curves which are used to schedule the monthly charge and discharge periods for the SRESD, subsequently developing the optimal sizing and annual 8760-hour operational strategy for a CHESS based on this schedule. On this basis, three storage configurations (CHESS, SRESD, and FRESD) are compared, and it is found by simulation results that the CHESS combines the advantages of both SRESD and FRESD, offering larger arbitrage opportunity with the peak-valley price spread and being more effective in managing load fluctuations. Finally, the impacts of declining battery costs on optimization results are examined and experimental verification based on real data from Australia is carried out, with the feasibility and sustainability of the proposed sizing and operational strategy for a CHESS demonstrated. • A hybrid community energy storage system balances load and improves community profits. • Clustering methods determine the system's annual 8760-hour operation strategy. • Simulations show cost advantages and better use of peak-valley electricity prices. • Real-world data confirms the system's effectiveness and long-term sustainability.","author":[{"family":"Wan","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jiajia"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Hangyue"},{"family":"Wen","given":"Fushuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.est.2025.116209","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.116209","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406489020","type":"article-journal","title":"Mitigation Strategies Based on Life Cycle Assessment for Carbon Dioxide Reduction in Asphalt Pavements: Systematic Review","abstract":"Expanding the road network is inevitable due to the accelerated economic growth of countries. However, the development of road infrastructure has generated considerable concern among society, governments, and environmental organizations. This concern mainly stems from the significant environmental effects and the omission of the sustainability of materials associated with road construction. Current literature suggests Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as a solution to address greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental impacts of road infrastructure. This research uses the PRISMA-SCR methodology to identify strategies to mitigate environmental impact during the life cycle stages of asphalt pavements and emission-generating activities. This study identifies the critical life cycle stages responsible for the largest amount of emissions, highlighting “material extraction and production” and “transportation” as key areas of intervention. The results demonstrate how the incorporation of recycled materials (RAPs) and warm mix asphalts (WMAs) can reduce between 15% and 45% of total emissions. It is concluded that it is possible to develop asphalt pavement construction projects with a sustainability perspective, allowing not only to identify opportunities to optimize construction processes but also to establish a reference framework for transportation agencies to integrate more sustainable practices, including the reduction of emissions, the responsible use of non-renewable resources and proper waste management.","author":[{"family":"Flores-Ruiz","given":"Diego"},{"family":"Montoya-Alcaraz","given":"Marco"},{"family":"García","given":"Leonel"},{"family":"Gutiérrez-Moreno","given":"Manuel"},{"family":"Calderón-Ramírez","given":"Julio"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17020695","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020695","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415400669","type":"article-journal","title":"AI and Robotics in Agriculture: A Systematic and Quantitative Review of Research Trends (2015–2025)","abstract":"The swift integration of AI, robotics, and advanced sensing technologies has revolutionized agriculture into a data-centric, autonomous, and sustainable sector. This systematic study examines the interplay between artificial intelligence and agricultural robotics in intelligent farming systems. Artificial intelligence, machine learning, computer vision, swarm robotics, and generative AI are analyzed for crop monitoring, precision irrigation, autonomous harvesting, and post-harvest processing. Employing PRISMA to categorize more than 10,000 high-impact publications from Scopus, WoS, and IEEE. Drones and vision-based models predominate the industry, while IoT integration, digital twins, and generative AI are on the rise. Insufficient field validation rates, inadequate crop and regional representation, and the implementation of explainable AI continue to pose significant challenges. Inadequate model generalization, energy limitations, and infrastructural restrictions impede scalability. We identify solutions in federated learning, swarm robotics, and climate-smart agricultural artificial intelligence. This paper presents a framework for inclusive, resilient, and feasible AI-robotic agricultural systems.","author":[{"family":"Hamrani","given":"Abderrachid"},{"family":"Allouhi","given":"A"},{"family":"Bouarab","given":"Fatma"},{"family":"Jayachandran","given":"K"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/crops5050075","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/crops5050075","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412520753","type":"article-journal","title":"Scientific literature on carbon dioxide removal revealed as much larger through AI-enhanced systematic mapping","abstract":"Carbon dioxide removal plays an important role in any strategy to limit global warming to well below 2 °C. Keeping abreast with the scientific evidence using rigorous evidence synthesis methods is an important prerequisite for sustainably scaling these methods. Here, we use artificial intelligence to provide a comprehensive systematic map of carbon dioxide removal research. We find a total of 28,976 studies on carbon dioxide removal-3-4 times more than previously suggested. Growth in research is faster than for the field of climate change research as a whole, but very concentrated in specific areas-such as biochar, certain research methods like lab and field experiments, and particular regions like China. Patterns of carbon dioxide removal research contrast with trends in patenting and deployment, highlighting the differing development stages of these technologies. As carbon dioxide removal gains importance for the Paris climate goals, our systematic map can support rigorous evidence synthesis for the IPCC and other assessments.","author":[{"family":"Lück","given":"Sarah"},{"family":"Callaghan","given":"Max"},{"family":"Borchers","given":"Malgorzata"},{"family":"Cowie","given":"Annette"},{"family":"Fuss","given":"Sabine"},{"family":"Gidden","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Hartmann","given":"Jens"},{"family":"Kammann","given":"Claudia"},{"family":"Keller","given":"David"},{"family":"Kraxner","given":"Florian"},{"family":"Lamb","given":"William"},{"family":"Dowell","given":"Niall"},{"family":"Müller-Hansen","given":"Finn"},{"family":"Nemet","given":"Gregory"},{"family":"Probst","given":"Benedict"},{"family":"Renforth","given":"Phil"},{"family":"Repke","given":"Tim"},{"family":"Rickels","given":"Wilfried"},{"family":"Schulte","given":"Ingrid"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Pete"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Stephen"},{"family":"Thrän","given":"Daniela"},{"family":"Troxler","given":"Tiffany"},{"family":"Sick","given":"Volker"},{"family":"Spek","given":"Mijndert"},{"family":"Minx","given":"Jan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-61485-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61485-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413641204","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Advances in Carbon Dots-Based Photocatalysts for Water Treatment Applications","abstract":"Carbon dots (CDs), a rapidly emerging class of zero-dimensional (0-D) nanomaterials with small particle sizes (<10 nm), have garnered significant scientific interest owing to their exceptional physicochemical properties, non-toxicity, low-cost synthesis, and versatile applications. In recent years, the combination of various inorganic photocatalysts (e.g., metal oxides, metal chalcogenides, metal oxyhalides, MXenes, non-metallic semiconductors) with CDs has gained momentum as a promising strategy to enhance their photocatalytic efficiency. By incorporating CDs, researchers have addressed fundamental challenges in photocatalytic systems, including limited light absorption range, rapid electron–hole recombination rate, low quantum efficiency, etc. The present review is focused on the most recent developments in CDs-based heterostructures for advanced photocatalytic applications, particularly in the field of environmental remediation, providing a comprehensive overview of emerging strategies, synthesis approaches, and the resulting enhancements in photocatalytic water treatment applications.","author":[{"family":"Zourou","given":"Adamantia"},{"family":"Ntziouni","given":"Afroditi"},{"family":"Karagianni","given":"Alexandra"},{"family":"Alizadeh","given":"Niyaz"},{"family":"Argirusis","given":"Nikolaos"},{"family":"Αντωνιάδου","given":"Μαρία"},{"family":"Sourkouni","given":"Georgia"},{"family":"Kordatos","given":"Konstantinos"},{"family":"Argirusis","given":"Christos"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/inorganics13090286","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics13090286","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414486119","type":"article-journal","title":"Legal Status and Cross-Border Transport in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS): an International and Indonesian Law Perspective","abstract":"This study analyzes the legal status and cross-border transportation of carbon in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) under international and Indonesian law. Indonesia’s commitment to net-zero emissions by 2060 has encouraged CCS adoption, regulated by Presidential Regulation No. 14 of 2024, which permits foreign carbon storage through bilateral agreements. While offering economic opportunities, this framework also presents legal and environmental risks, especially regarding the unclear classification of carbon across jurisdictions. The regulation does not define carbon’s legal status, leaving a gap that may cause differing interpretations with partner countries. Domestic inconsistencies are also reflected in Minister of Trade Regulation No. 84 of 2019, which permits only the import of specific non-hazardous wastes, from which carbon is excluded, thereby creating potential conflict with CCS policies. Using normative legal research with statutory and comparative approaches, this study reviews Indonesian provisions against international instruments such as the London Protocol, Basel Convention, and OSPAR 1992. Findings show that carbon in CCS technically qualifies as waste, but international law provides exceptions for climate mitigation, which Indonesia has not yet adopted. This legal gap, compounded by inconsistencies between environmental and trade regulations, may hinder the implementation of cross-border CCS. The study contributes novelty by assessing carbon’s legal classification and its implications for Indonesia’s role as a CCS host country. It recommends enacting explicit national rules, harmonizing domestic provisions with international standards, and ratifying the London Protocol Amendment to ensure legal certainty, environmental integrity, and sustainable CCS implementation.","author":[{"family":"Prayudi","given":"Hening"},{"family":"Arifin","given":"Shofiana"},{"family":"Putri","given":"Adela"},{"family":"Karuniawan","given":"Andrea"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.30659/ldj.7.3.340-354","URL":"https://doi.org/10.30659/ldj.7.3.340-354","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410895201","type":"article-journal","title":"A Mini-Review of Sludge-Derived Biochar (SDB) for Wastewater Treatment: Recent Advances in 2020–2025","abstract":"Sludge-derived biochar (SDB) synthesized by the pyrolysis of sludge is gaining enormous interest as a sustainable solution to wastewater treatment and sludge disposal. Despite the proliferation of general biochar reviews, a focused synthesis on SDB-specific advances, particularly covering the recent surge in multifunctional wastewater treatment applications (2020–2025), receives little emphasis. In particular, a critical analysis of recent trends, application challenges, and future research directions for SDB is still limited. Unlike broader biochar reviews, this mini-review highlights the comparative advantages and limitations of SDB, identifies emerging integration strategies (e.g., bio-electrochemical systems, catalytic membranes), and outlines future research priorities toward enhancing the durability and environmental safety of SDB applications. Specifically, this review summarized the advances from 2020 to 2025, focusing exclusively on functional modifications, and practical applications of SDB across diverse wastewater treatment technologies involved in adsorption, catalytic oxidation, membrane integration, electrochemical processes and bio-treatment systems. Quantitative comparisons of adsorption capacities (e.g., >99% Cd2+ removal, >150 mg/g tetracycline adsorption) and catalytic degradation efficiencies are provided to illustrate recent improvements. The potential of SDB in evaluating traditional and emerging contaminant degradation among the Fenton-like, persulfate, and peracetic acid activation systems was emphasized. Integration with membrane technologies reduces fouling, while electrochemical applications, including microbial fuel cells, yield higher power densities. To improve the functionality of SDB-based systems in targeting contamination removal, modification strategies, i.e., thermal activation, heteroatom doping (N, S, P), and metal loading, played crucial roles. Emerging trends highlight hybrid systems and persistent free radicals for non-radical pathways. Despite progress, critical challenges persist in scalability, long-term stability, lifecycle assessments, and scale-up implementation. The targeted synthesis of this review offers valuable insights to guide the development and practical deployment of SDB in sustainable wastewater management.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Lia"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Lan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Ning"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Guanyi"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Haixiao"},{"family":"Hou","given":"Li’an"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/app15116173","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app15116173","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406472089","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of Enhanced Methods for Oil Recovery from Sediment Void Oil Storage in Underground Salt Caverns","abstract":"Salt caverns are recognized as an excellent medium for energy storage. However, due to the unique characteristics of China’s bedded salt formations, which contain numerous salt layers and a high concentration of insoluble impurities, significant accumulation at the bottom of salt caverns occurs, leading to the formation of extensive sediment voids. These sediment voids offer a potential space for underground oil storage, referred to as sediment void oil storage (SVOS). Oil recovery process from these sediment voids is a critical process. This paper summarizes the oil recovery technologies for SVOS and identifies four key factors—geological evaluation, stability evaluation, tightness evaluation, and oil storage capacity—all of which influence enhance oil recovery from sediment voids. This paper also outlines the overall oil recovery process, presents oil recovery experiments, and discusses oil recovery methods for enhancing oil recovery from sediment void. Additionally, it addresses the challenges of oil recovery in SVOS and explores its potential advantages and applications. The findings suggest that salt cavern sediment voids, as a promising storage space, provide a new approach to realize oil recovery and can overcome the limitations associated with cavern construction in high-impurity salt mines. The oil recovery from the sediment void is feasible, and China has rich rock salt and other convenient conditions to develop SVOS technology.","author":[{"family":"Wei","given":"Xinxing"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Xilin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yinping"},{"family":"Li","given":"Peng"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Mingnan"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Yashuai"},{"family":"Hong","given":"Yang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18020360","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18020360","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415447557","type":"article-journal","title":"Polyoxometalates in Electrochemical Energy Storage: Recent Advances and Perspectives","abstract":"Polyoxometalates (POMs) are nanoscale anionic clusters constructed from transition-metal oxide units with well-defined architectures and tunable electronic structures, offering abundant reversible redox sites and adjustable energy levels. Their diverse valence states and compositional flexibility of molecular architectures render them promising candidates for electrochemical energy storage. Rational molecular design and nano-structural engineering can significantly enhance the electrical conductivity, structural stability, and ion transport kinetics of POM-based materials, thus improving device performance. In solar cells, the tunable energy levels and light-harvesting capabilities contribute to enhanced photoconversion efficiency. In secondary batteries, the dense redox centers provide additional capacity. For supercapacitors, the rapid electron transfer supports high power density storage. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in POM-based functional nanomaterials, with an emphasis on material design strategies, energy storage mechanisms, performance optimization approaches, and structure-property relationships. Fundamental structures and properties of POMs are outlined, followed by synthesis and functionalization approaches. Key challenges such as dissolution, poor conductivity, and interfacial instability are discussed, together with progress in batteries and hybrid capacitors. Finally, future challenges and development directions are outlined to inspire further advancement in POM-based energy storage materials.","author":[{"family":"Bao","given":"Wenjing"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Chongze"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Dandan"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Xing"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Peng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ijms262110267","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262110267","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411067678","type":"article-journal","title":"Synergistic integration of VSe2 and CuS nanostructures for advanced energy storage applications","abstract":"The demand for sustainable energy storage has driven advancements in supercapacitors, known for their high-power density and rapid charge cycles. However, challenges like limited energy density and material stability must be addressed for practical applications. In this study, VSe 2 /CuS nanocomposites were synthesized using a simple wet chemical method and investigated as electrode materials for supercapacitors. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the phase purity of the materials while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed spherical and flake-like morphology. The synergy between VSe 2 ’s high electrical conductivity and CuS’s pseudocapacitive properties enhances charge storage and electrochemical performance. The VSe 2 /CuS electrode exhibited a high specific capacitance of 853.9 F/g at 1 A/g, outperforming individual VSe 2 (395.6 F/g) and CuS (471.6 F/g). The VSe 2 /CuS||AC device demonstrated a specific capacitance of 147.6 F/g, excellent rate capability, and 88.3% capacitance retention over 10,000 cycles at 10 A/g. These findings highlight the potential of VSe 2 /CuS nanocomposites as high-performance electrode materials, advancing the development of next-generation energy storage technologies.","author":[{"family":"Khan","given":"Imran"},{"family":"Arif","given":"Danish"},{"family":"Shah","given":"Atta"},{"family":"Safeen","given":"Kashif"},{"family":"Alotaibi","given":"Khalid"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Basit"},{"family":"Girma","given":"Wubshet"},{"family":"Safeen","given":"Akif"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-95088-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-95088-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411009915","type":"article-journal","title":"Performance insights of reversible chlor-alkali cells for renewable energy storage utilizing environmentally friendly non-fluorinated membranes","abstract":"This study focuses on testing of a more sustainable proton exchange membrane-based reversible unitized electrochemical cell for hydrogen production, storage, and reuse through chlor-alkali process. Through this process, in electrolysis mode H 2 , Cl 2 , and NaOH are produced. These products can then be reused to generate electricity in an H 2 /Cl 2 fuel cell. Additionally, the system can function as an electrochemically assisted gas-liquid absorption unit, to support CO 2 fixation. The membranes were prepared using eco-friendly materials by cross-linking PVA with chitosan (Cs). These membranes were integrated into specially designed reversible electrochemical cells, which were manufactured using 3D printing technology. The cells efficiently converted renewable energy into hydrogen and chlorine and vice versa. The effect of Cs concentration on the performance of the electrochemical cell in both electrolysis and H 2 /Cl 2 fuel cells modes was investigated by switching between these modes at room temperature, over two cycles of 2 h each. It was observed that increasing Cs concentrations in the cross-linked PVA membranes resulted in decreased power consumption during electrolysis mode, while maintaining a Faraday efficiency exceeding 95 %. Moreover, it enhanced the power density achieved by the H 2 /Cl 2 fuel cell, reaching approximately 1.8 mW/cm 2 , a value comparable to that of the commercially available Nafion 117 membrane tested under identical conditions. By studying the free volume structure of the membranes using positron annihilation spectroscopy (PALS), it was found that higher Cs concentrations resulted in an increase in the free volume within the membranes. This increase in the hole size was found to directly influence the permeability of chlorine species through the membranes. The obtained results highlights the feasibility of using cross-linked non-fluorinated PVA/Cs membranes in renewable energy storage systems based on chlor-alkali reversible cells. • High stability of reversible cells equipped with cross-linked PVA/Cs membranes. • Optimal performance achieved with 20 wt% chitosan. • Current efficiency over 90 % for hydrogen production using Cross-linked PVA/Cs. • A robust correlation between PALS results and membrane performance. • Feasibility of using cross-linked PVA/Cs membranes for chlor-alkali energy storage.","author":[{"family":"Gomaa","given":"Mahmoud"},{"family":"Requena","given":"Iñaki"},{"family":"El-Sharkawy","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Rodrigo","given":"Manuel"},{"family":"Lobato","given":"Justo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.341","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.341","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409959469","type":"article-journal","title":"Semi‐Continuous Ex Situ Carbon Dioxide Mineralization in Produced Water for Calcite Production","abstract":"ABSTRACT The mineralization of carbon dioxide (CO2) to stable carbonate products is a desirable process for carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS). However, improving the process economics through creative use of available reactants is necessary to develop a scalable mineralization process. This study details the development of a semi‐continuous CO2 mineralization process that uses flue gas as a point CO2 source, produced water (PW) as an alkaline source of Ca2+, and NaOH effluent (potentially sourced from integration with the chlor‐alkali process. Operating at a controlled pH allowed for both complete reaction of available Ca2+ (100% carbonation potential or 9.9 g CO2.L–1 PW brine) and for reproducible control of the produced calcium carbonate (CaCO3) product. A full factorial design of experiments was implemented to study the effects of reaction temperature, pH, and gaseous CO2 concentration on the mineralization and CO2 capture rates as well as product crystalline structure and morphology. A maximum CO2 capture rate of 0.315 ± 0.007 kg.L–1.d–1 was achieved at 25°C and 25% CO2. CO2 gas to liquid phase mass transport is believed to be the rate limiting step. With improved reactor design and optimization, the proposed semi‐continuous mineralization process shows promise for scaling to a pilot scale CO2 capture technology.","author":[{"family":"Bennett","given":"Quinn"},{"family":"Wolfe","given":"Kody"},{"family":"Kasick","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Shaffer","given":"Reggie"},{"family":"Nyamekye","given":"Edward"},{"family":"Movilcabrera","given":"Omar"},{"family":"Thackery","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Oza","given":"Shubhashini"},{"family":"Trembly","given":"Jason"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ese3.70125","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70125","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412066861","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Quantum Dots Assisted Virus Tracking: From Skin to Brain","abstract":"Incurable infection by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) can cause severe encephalitis and neurodegenerative diseases, e.g., Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. How HSV-1 reaches the brain from the initial infection site remains inconclusive. Here, an innovative approach combining carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with dissolving microneedles (dMN) for real-time tracking of HSV-1 from skin to brain is presented. Upon application, CQDs-HSV-1 is released from the dMN through the swelling of interstitial fluid (ISF) in skin and subsequently monitored by living imaging. Remarkably, it is observed that HSV-1 preferentially infects peripheral skin nerves, almost all viruses directly enter to brain via the spinal cord within 10-30 min, while few viruses enter the brain through the bloodstream via tail vein injection at the same time. Spinal cord injury (SCI) significantly delays the HSV-1 transport from skin to brain but has no effect on the virus's travel from blood to brain. In a microfluid system, HSV-1 shows preferential neurite infection, then transports to the cell body of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, highlighting the viral traffic process in neurons. The integration of CQDs-virus labelling technology and dMN delivery model presents a promising tool for investigating the in vivo transport routes of neurotropic viruses with initial skin infections.","author":[{"family":"Feng","given":"Yaxiu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiong"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Cien"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Di"},{"family":"Hou","given":"Changshun"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yiran"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Huan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Peiran"},{"family":"Qin","given":"Leiying"},{"family":"Wan","given":"Qianya"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Xi"},{"family":"He","given":"Ming‐liang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.202508464","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202508464","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406256319","type":"article-journal","title":"Platanus occidentalis L. fruit-derived carbon materials for electrochemical potassium storage","abstract":"Abstract In the post-lithium-ion battery era, potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have been considered as a promising candidate because of their electrochemical and economic characteristics. However, as an emerging electrochemical storage technology, it is urgent to develop capable anode materials that can be produced at low cost and on a large scale to promote its practical application. Biomass-derived carbon materials as anodes of PIBs exhibit strong competitiveness by their merits of low weight, high stability, non-toxicity, and wide availability. In this work, we employed Platanus occidentalis L. fruits as a precursor to prepare a series of biomass-derived carbon materials by simply adjusting carbonization temperature, and we explored their electrochemical potassium storage capability as anode materials. The optimized sample (annealed at 800 °C) delivered good potassium storage capability (193.3 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles), cycling stability (80.4 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 300 mA g−1), and rate performance (51.2 mAh g−1 at 1000 mA g−1). This work demonstrates a feasible way to utilize biomass waste disposal for emerging sustainable energy storage technologies.","author":[{"family":"Hao","given":"Jiaxing"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Mingyuan"},{"family":"Saroja","given":"Ajay"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Liying"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Yuhan"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Xiaorui"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Yingjiao"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Xuejun"},{"family":"Li","given":"Laishi"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Yusheng"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Yang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1361-6528/ada8b4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ada8b4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414277152","type":"article-journal","title":"Machine learning-driven alloy digital design for hydrogen storage: a review","abstract":"Hydrogen has emerged as a promising renewable energy source, garnering significant attention from both academia and industry in recent years. The development of safe, efficient, and economical storage systems is critical for the widespread industrial application of hydrogen. For this purpose, the gaseous, liquid, and solid-state hydrogen storage systems are particularly promising for this purpose owing to their high hydrogen content, moderate operating conditions, and enhanced safety features. Subsequently, the design and fabrication of suitable alloy materials for hydrogen storage systems have emerged as a key research focus. Although conventional design approaches for such alloy materials mainly rely on intensive simulations and experiments, machine learning (ML)-based digital approaches offer greater design efficiency and cost-effectiveness, leading to increased attention in this area. Given this background, the present work aims to review the recent research progress and provide digital insights for future developments in the field. Specifically, this paper introduces the ML models and digital methods employed in alloy design, offers a comprehensive overview of hydrogen storage alloys, and provides a detailed discussion of ML models with significant potential for the design of various types of hydrogen storage alloys.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Tianqi"},{"family":"Xue","given":"Lufeng"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Dou","given":"Bang"},{"family":"Paredes","given":"Marcelo"},{"family":"Song","given":"Lu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/27525783.2025.2511889","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27525783.2025.2511889","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409186425","type":"article-journal","title":"Nanohybrid of Silver‐MXene: A Promising Sorbent for Iodine Gas Capture from Nuclear Waste","abstract":"Abstract The increasing reliance on nuclear energy as a significant low‐carbon power source necessitates effective solutions for managing radioactive emissions. This study introduces a novel application of MXene nanohybrids, specifically silver‐MXene (Ag‐Ti 3 C 2 T x ), as an effective sorbent for radioiodine off‐gas capture at an operating temperature of 150 °C. Through comprehensive material characterization, including X‐ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, and gas sorption analyses, the successful loading of Ag nanoparticles onto Ti 3 C 2 T x is confirmed and the subsequent formation of AgI upon iodine capture. The results demonstrate that Ag‐Ti 3 C 2 T x exhibits superior iodine uptake compared to traditional silver‐based sorbents such as silver mordenite zeolite (AgZ) and silver‐functionalized silica aerogel (AgAero). The Ag‐Ti 3 C 2 T x achieves an iodine loading of 946 mg g −1 , significantly outperforming AgZ (131 mg g −1 ). These findings highlight the potential of Ag‐Ti 3 C 2 T x as a highly efficient, thermally stable sorbent for radioiodine capture, and potentially addressing key limitations of existing materials.","author":[{"family":"Eisawi","given":"Karamullah"},{"family":"Loni","given":"Elham"},{"family":"Chong","given":"Saehwa"},{"family":"Liezers","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Brinkman","given":"Kyle"},{"family":"Riley","given":"Brian"},{"family":"Naguib","given":"Michael"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/admi.202500011","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500011","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410550427","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of CO2 Clathrate Hydrate Technology: From Lab-Scale Preparation to Cold Thermal Energy Storage Solutions","abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO2) clathrate hydrate is gaining attention as a promising material for cold thermal energy storage (CTES) due to its high energy storage capacity and low environmental footprint. It shows strong potential in building applications, where space cooling accounts for nearly 40% of total energy use and over 85% of electricity demand in developed countries. CO2 hydrates are also being explored for use in refrigeration, cold chain logistics, supercomputing, biomedical cooling, and defense systems. With the growing number of applications in mind, this review focuses on the thermal behavior of CO2 hydrates and their environmental impact. It highlights recent efforts to reduce formation pressure and temperature using chemical promoters and surfactants. This paper also reviews key experimental techniques used to study hydrate properties, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry (HP-DSC), and the T-history method. In lifecycle comparisons, CO2 hydrate systems show better energy efficiency and lower carbon emissions than traditional ice or other phase-change materials (PCMs). This review also discusses current commercialization challenges such as high energy input during formation and promoter toxicity. Finally, practical strategies to move CO2 hydrate-based CTES from lab-scale studies to real-world cooling and temperature control applications are discussed.","author":[{"family":"Annavajjala","given":"Sai"},{"family":"Dam","given":"Noah"},{"family":"Mahajan","given":"Devinder"},{"family":"Kośny","given":"Jan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18102659","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18102659","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406703607","type":"article-journal","title":"Energy Performance Study of a Data Center Combined Cooling System Integrated with Heat Storage and Waste Heat Recovery System","abstract":"The energy efficiency of data centers has become an urgent problem as it is enjoying rapid development. This study proposes an integrated energy system involving a data center with different renewable energy sources and waste heat recovery, which can consider the partial and unsteady working load of data center. A dynamic and sophisticated system simulation model is established, which can provide both reliable and fast evaluations but also allow flexible extension of additional components. It is found that the free natural resource cooling system can cover about 28% of cooling demand. Compared to the reference condition, the proposed energy system achieves significant energy-saving benefits, with an energy-saving rate of 16.4%. The system COP increases from 3.88 to 4.64, and the PUE decreases from 1.36 to 1.30, resulting in a 23.45% reduction in electricity expenses. By integrating a waste heat recovery system, the heat pump can absorb approximately 3.57 million kWh of heat from the data center, providing approximately 4.587 million kWh of heating energy for users. The rooftop PV system generates approximately 370,000 kWh of electricity annually, covering approximately 8% of the total electricity consumption of the data center. This study can offer a new channel for the energy efficiency enhancement of data centers.","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Chaohui"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Rujie"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yuce"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Meng"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Huiheng"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Zhiyong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15030326","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15030326","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413201831","type":"article-journal","title":"Electrochemical biosensors based on the 3D immobilization of capture probes for influenza virus detection","abstract":"Influenza viruses pose a significant global health threat, particularly to vulnerable groups such as young children, the elderly, and individuals with underlying health conditions. Accurate and early detection is vital for effective disease management and the prevention of viral transmission. However, traditional diagnostic methods, including viral cultures, rapid antigen detection, and polymerase chain reaction, often face limitations associated with their sensitivity, turnaround time, cost, and/or accessibility, which hinder their effectiveness in real-world settings. Electrochemical biosensors have recently gained attention as innovative diagnostic tools because they deliver highly sensitive and specific results quickly, making them ideal for point-of-care testing. Incorporating three-dimensional (3D) structured materials can enhance biosensor performance by expanding the binding surface area for biorecognition probes and optimizing signal transduction mechanisms. This review highlights the current understanding of influenza viruses and presents the latest developments in electrochemical biosensing technologies. We emphasize the integration of materials such as metal nanoparticles, carbon-based materials, and metal-organic and covalent-organic framework-based materials that can provide 3D surfaces. These strategies enable the sensitive and selective detection of multiple influenza strains. The development of 3D probe immobilization technologies and biosensor engineering has shown promise for practical clinical implementation and large-scale diagnostic use, potentially contributing to improved influenza surveillance and public health outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Kim","given":"Hyo"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Ae"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Chang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5ra03744a","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra03744a","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406873234","type":"article-journal","title":"Efficient CO2 Capture Using Nitrogen-Enriched Microporous Carbon Derived from Polybenzoxazine in a Single-Step Process for Environmental Sustainability","abstract":"In this research, we successfully synthesized nitrogen-enriched microporous carbon through a meticulous process involving two different activation procedures. Initially, polybenzoxazine was carbonized at 800 °C to create a precursor material, which was then activated with two different activating agents (KOH and KMnO4) at the same temperature. This activation significantly enhanced the material’s porosity, increasing its specific surface area from 335 m2/g (KOH activated) to 943 m2/g (KMnO4 activated). XPS analysis confirmed the presence of nitrogen functionalities, including secondary-N, oxide-N, pyridone-N, and pyridine-N, which are critical for CO2 adsorption. Adsorption tests demonstrated a high CO2 uptake of 3.8 mmol/g at 25 °C and 1 bar, driven by a combination of physisorption (physical interaction with the surface area) and chemisorption (chemical interaction with nitrogen sites). This high adsorption capacity can be attributed to the carbon’s substantial surface area, significant micropore volume, and the interconnected network of pores, which together provide structural stability and facilitate the diffusion of CO2 molecules. These findings suggest that this nitrogen-enriched microporous carbon, derived from polybenzoxazine, holds significant promise as a highly efficient material for applications in CO2 capture and storage.","author":[{"family":"Periyasamy","given":"Thirukumaran"},{"family":"Asrafali","given":"Shakila"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Jaewoong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/polym17030343","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17030343","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413805842","type":"article-journal","title":"Machine Learning—Guided Design of Biomass‐Based Porous Carbon for Aqueous Symmetric Supercapacitors","abstract":"Biomass‐derived porous carbon electrodes have attracted significant attention for high‐performance supercapacitor applications due to their sustainability, cost‐effectiveness, and tunable porosity. To accelerate the design and evaluation of these materials, it is essential to develop accurate and efficient strategies for optimizing their physicochemical and electrochemical properties. Herein, a machine learning (ML) approach is employed to analyze experimental data from previously reported sources, enabling the prediction of specific capacitance (F g −1 ) based on various material characteristics and processing conditions. The trained ML model evaluates the influence of factors such as biomass type, electrolyte, activating agent, and key synthesis parameters, including activation and carbonization temperatures and durations, on supercapacitor performance. Despite growing interest, comprehensive studies that correlate these variables with performance metrics remain limited. This work addresses this gap by using ML algorithms to uncover the interrelationships between biomass‐derived carbon properties, synthesis conditions, and specific capacitance. Herein, it is demonstrated that an optimal combination of a carbonized honeydew peel to H 3 PO 4 ratio of 1:4 and an activation temperature of 500 °C yields a highly porous carbon material. When used in a symmetric device with 1 M H 2 SO 4 electrolyte, this material, rich in oxygen and phosphorus species, achieves a high specific capacitance of 611 F g −1 at a current density of 1.3 A g −1 . Correlation analysis reveals a strong synergy between surface area and pore volume (correlation coefficient = 0.8473), and the ML‐predicted capacitance closely aligns with experimental results. This ML‐assisted framework offers valuable insights into the critical physicochemical and electrochemical parameters that govern supercapacitor performance, providing a powerful tool for the rational design of next‐generation energy storage materials.","author":[{"family":"Minakshi","given":"Manickam"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Apsana"},{"family":"Sohel","given":"Ferdous"},{"family":"Pivrikas","given":"Almantas"},{"family":"Shinde","given":"Pragati"},{"family":"Ariga","given":"Katsuhiko"},{"family":"Shrestha","given":"Lok"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cplu.202500342","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202500342","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409729078","type":"article-journal","title":"Microgrid Energy Management Considering Energy Storage Degradation Cost","abstract":"There are many challenges in incorporating the attenuation cost of energy storage into the optimization of microgrid operations due to the randomness of renewable energy supply, the high cost of controlled power generation, and the complexity associated with calculating the cost of battery attenuation. Therefore, this paper proposes a microgrid energy management scheme considering the attenuation cost of energy storage. This scheme analyzes the power generation mode and uncertainty factors of distributed generators in detail. The influence of charge and discharge depth on the cycle life and residual value of the energy storage system was analyzed, and the energy storage attenuation cost model was established. Finally, considering the cost of power generation, environmental treatment, and the deterioration cost of energy storage systems, the objective function of the comprehensive operation cost of microgrids is formulated. The improved sine cosine algorithm (SCA) is used to simulate the energy output optimization of various distributed generators in the microgrid. The results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the comprehensive operation cost of microgrids and improve their energy utilization efficiency, which proves the practical significance and reference value of the method for microgrid energy management.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Yiming"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hongrui"},{"family":"Wan","given":"Changsheng"},{"family":"Du","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Bo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/batteries11050169","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11050169","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414810757","type":"article-journal","title":"Investigating the Fusion of Carbon Nanotubes and Lithium Ion Battery Technologies: A Leap Toward Sustainable Energy Storage","abstract":"The transition to sustainable energy storage solutions has become an urgent global priority, driven by the escalating demand for energy and the essential shift toward renewable sources. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted considerable attention as a promising material in this transition, owing to their unparalleled conductivity, mechanical strength, and substantial surface area. This review examines the integration of CNTs with lithium‐ion battery (LIB) technologies while emphasizing their transformative potential in enhancing LIB performance. The incorporation of CNTs into LIB anodes significantly improves charge transport and cycling stability while addressing critical challenges that persist in terms of large‐scale production, seamless integration into battery systems, and cost‐effectiveness. This review presents the most recent innovative solutions to these challenges while highlighting emerging research directions that could accelerate the widespread adoption of CNT‐enhanced LIBs. By investigating the potential of CNTs to revolutionize the LIB landscape, this work aims to outline pathways toward the next generation of high‐performance and sustainable energy storage technologies.","author":[{"family":"Aslam","given":"Junaid"},{"family":"Waseem","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Weiwei"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ceur.202500162","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ceur.202500162","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414681502","type":"article-journal","title":"Status and challenges of deep geothermal exploitation and energy storage technology: a comprehensive review","abstract":"Abstract Geothermal energy is a green source of power that offers a promising solution to achieving a net-zero emissions target. Deep geothermal energy resources primarily consist of Hot Dry Rock (HDR) resources, which have the potential to scale up their exploitation by Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). Additionally, there has been an increased interest in utilizing HDR reservoirs as a large-scale renewable energy storage solution because to its potential to contribute to the improvement of energy efficiency by stabilizing fluctuations in the supply and demand for heat energy. This work presents a comprehensive review of deep geothermal energy exploitation, focusing on the development of EGS and its role in energy storage systems. The paper discusses the geological distribution and classification of geothermal thermal energy resources. The exploitation status of HDR and supercritical geothermal is examined. This study also explores the methods of heat storage and compressed air energy storage in deep geothermal reservoirs. It highlights the technical challenges of deep geothermal energy development in the process of drilling, completion, heat exchange, and energy storage. Recommendations are provided for further research directions, including (a) deep geothermal resources evaluation and reservoir characterization; (b) deep geothermal well construction; (c) integration of deep geothermal energy with variable renewable energy sources; and (d) energy system operation optimization.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Gensheng"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Zixiao"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Zhongwei"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Xiaoguang"},{"family":"Zou","given":"Wenchao"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Zhaowei"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Rui"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Qiliang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44421-025-00004-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44421-025-00004-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406406174","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon emission and energy risk management in mega sporting events: challenges, strategies, and pathways","abstract":"Carbon emissions from mega sporting events pose a serious challenge to the sustainable development of the global environment, and the management of carbon emissions and energy efficiency in sporting events has become a focus of attention for both countries and international organizations. However, most existing research focuses on carbon emissions in sporting events is limited by a narrow focus on individual cases, limited attention to indirect emissions, insufficient integration of socioeconomic dimensions, a lack of broader data coverage, the adoption of interdisciplinary methodologies, and an emphasis on lifecycle energy risk management to provide robust support for sustainable event practices and policy development. To remedy these deficiencies, this study systematically compiles the current situation of carbon emissions in sports activities, analyzes the carbon emission characteristics and energy-saving potential of different types of sporting events, and summarizes the excellent cases of carbon emission and energy efficiency management in sports activities. The study reveals that large-scale sporting events generate substantial carbon emissions and energy consumption in transportation, venue construction, and event operation. However, carbon emissions and energy usage can be significantly reduced by optimizing venue locations, promoting green transportation, and implementing energy-saving measures at all stages. This study not only provides empirical data and theoretical support for the management of carbon emissions and energy efficiency in sporting events but also proposes practical and feasible suggestions that are highly important for the sustainable development of future sporting events. The findings have reference value for policymakers and event organizers in planning and implementing energy-saving and low-carbon events, helping promote environmental governance and sustainable development in the sports sector.","author":[{"family":"Su","given":"Xiaohan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Xinlong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fenvs.2024.1513365","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1513365","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413038605","type":"article-journal","title":"Eco-Friendly, Biomass-Derived Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices","abstract":"This mini-review emphasizes the potential of biomass-derived materials as sustainable components for next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems. Biomass obtained from abundant and renewable natural resources can be transformed into carbonaceous materials. These materials typically possess hierarchical porosities, adjustable surface functionalities, and inherent heteroatom doping. These physical and chemical characteristics provide the structural and chemical flexibility needed for various electrochemical applications. Additionally, biomass-derived materials offer a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative to traditional components, promoting green chemistry and circular resource utilization. This review provides a systematic overview of synthesis methods, structural design strategies, and material engineering approaches for their use in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs), and supercapacitors (SCs). It also highlights key challenges in these systems, such as the severe volume expansion of anode materials in LIBs and the shuttle effect in LSBs and discusses how biomass-derived carbon can help address these issues.","author":[{"family":"Oh","given":"Yoon"},{"family":"Seo","given":"Seung"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jeong"},{"family":"Jeong","given":"Moongook"},{"family":"Ahn","given":"Seongki"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/coatings15080915","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15080915","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411345923","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon-Aware Workload Management in Data Centers: A Multi-Energy Integration Approach","abstract":"Data Centers (DCs) are significant contributors to global carbon emissions due to their high energy consumption.Addressing this challenge requires integrated approaches to optimize energy use and reduce carbon footprints.This study presents a carbon-aware energy management model for data centers, incorporating multienergy integration to minimize operational emissions.The model, based on Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP), is demonstrated on a 1MW hypothetical data center in Istanbul, Türkiye.The model integrates various energy components besides the grid; on-site combined cooling, heating, and power systems, photovoltaic panels, batteries, thermal energy storage, heat pumps, and district heating connections.The objective is to reduce carbon emissions by optimizing the dispatch of energy by these components while accounting for variations in grid emission factors.Simulation results show that the model can reduce net daily 𝐶𝑂 2 emissions by up to 35% and lower energy costs by 44% when the data center is connected to a large district heating network, compared to conventional grid-reliant scenarios.These findings demonstrate the potential of multi-energy integration to reduce the environmental impact of data center operations while maintaining economic viability.","author":[{"family":"Nkwawir","given":"Beltus"},{"family":"Kayalıca","given":"MÖ"},{"family":"Güven","given":"Denizhan"},{"family":"Duman","given":"AC"},{"family":"Erden","given":"Hamza"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1145/3679240.3735104","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3679240.3735104","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411495771","type":"article-journal","title":"Enhanced phenol removal from wastewater via sulfuric acid activated eggshell derived carbon","abstract":"This research explores the development of an innovative activated carbon adsorbent (ACES) derived from waste eggshells through sulfuric acid activation to effectively remove phenol from simulated wastewater. Optimization of adsorption parameters was conducted using Design-Expert 13 software and response surface methodology (RSM). Under optimal conditions (initial phenol concentration of 25.015 mg/L, adsorbent dosage of 4.913 g/L, pH of 4.693, and temperature of 25.013 °C), ACES achieved an outstanding phenol removal efficiency of 99.87%. Characterization studies revealed a high BET surface area of 1034.775 m²/g and enhanced porosity, significantly contributing to adsorption performance. Mechanistic insights showed that electrostatic attraction, π-π interactions, and hydrogen bonding drove adsorption. The Langmuir model provided the best fit for phenol adsorption on ACES (R² = 0.9845), indicating monolayer adsorption on uniform sites. Kinetic analysis revealed that the adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, with a rate constant (k) of 0.0078 g·min⁻¹·mg⁻¹ and a high correlation coefficient (R² = 0.9886), pointing to chemisorption rather than physical adsorption. Thermodynamic analysis further confirmed that the process is spontaneous and exothermic, accompanied by increased randomness at the adsorbent-adsorbate interface. ACES exhibited good reusability, retaining 80% efficiency after four regeneration cycles. The findings of this research highlight a sustainable approach to utilizing waste eggshells for phenol removal, offering potential applications in wastewater treatment.","author":[{"family":"El-Gawad","given":"Heba"},{"family":"Hussein","given":"Mostafa"},{"family":"Zahran","given":"Hamdy"},{"family":"Kadry","given":"Ghada"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-04615-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04615-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411015634","type":"article-journal","title":"Potential impacts of marine carbon dioxide removal on ocean oxygen","abstract":"Abstract Global warming is a main cause for current ocean deoxygenation. A deployment of marine carbon dioxide removal (CDR) for mitigating global warming could therefore also be viewed as a measure for mitigating ocean deoxygenation if, and only if, the respective CDR measure itself does not lead to a larger oxygen loss than the reduction in atmospheric CO2 would prevent. We here review the current state of knowledge regarding the potential impacts of various marine CDR (mCDR) options onto ocean oxygen, a key ocean state variable and an essential element for all higher forms of marine life. Using results from global model simulations, we show that biotic approaches, such as ocean fertilization, macroalgae cultivation and sinking, and placement of organic matter that is prone to remineralization, can lead to a loss in seawater dissolved oxygen that is 4–40 times larger than the oxygen gain that would result from the CDR-induced reduction in global warming only. Biotic approaches also tend to enhance the amplitude of the diel cycle in dissolved oxygen, with possible physiological impacts specifically in shallow-water environments of coastal vegetated ecosystem. In contrast, geochemical approaches, and biotic approaches that avoid remineralization of biomass within the ocean, may be applied in ways that have minimal impacts on dissolved oxygen. We suggest that impacts on marine oxygen should be accounted for in assessing the suitability of mCDR, and that oxygen should be measured prior to, during and after any research-scale or full-scale implementation activity.","author":[{"family":"Oschlies","given":"Andreas"},{"family":"Slomp","given":"Caroline"},{"family":"Altieri","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Gallo","given":"Natalya"},{"family":"Grégoire","given":"Marilaure"},{"family":"Isensee","given":"Kirsten"},{"family":"Levin","given":"Lisa"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Jiajun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1748-9326/ade0d4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ade0d4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.46488/nept.2025.v24i03.d1720","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Dioxide Gas Reduction Using the Absorption Method as an Effort to Support Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Technology","abstract":"Significant changes in global temperature occurred when carbon dioxide gas produced increases from industrial combustion processes that still use fossil fuels. These fuels contribute to environmental damage that will result in greenhouse gas emissions. One form of effort made by using Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology is effectively able to reduce global warming. The reduction process is carried out using NaOH and KOH solutions by comparing the effectiveness of the captured gas. This study was conducted to determine the effect of solution and gas flow rates between NaOH and KOH absorbents on the removal of dissolved CO2 gas. The chosen methods were the sampling method and the alkalimetric method. The method was used to determine the variation of the absorbent flow rate of 2, 4, and 6 L.min-1. While the gas flow rate used is 10, 20, and 30 L.min-1. The results showed that the effective flow rate variation was obtained at a speed of 2 L.min-1 with a gas flow rate of 30 L.min-1. The concentration that is removed in the absorbent is 52% of CO2 gas absorbed in NaOH solution with an electric voltage of 0.817 Volt, while KOH is obtained by 48% with an electric voltage of 0.798 Volt. The analysis results will be used as electrochemical-based electrical energy. It can be concluded that the effective absorbent solution is NaOH which can reduce CO2 gas optimally, which has a correlation to the flow rate of the solution and gas and can produce electrochemical-based electrical energy","author":[{"family":"Cahyonugroho","given":"OH"},{"family":"Putra","given":"IS"},{"family":"Hidayah","given":"EN"},{"family":"Novembrianto","given":"R"},{"family":"Putra","given":"Ichsan"},{"family":"Hidayah","given":"Euis"},{"family":"Novembrianto","given":"Rizka"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.46488/nept.2025.v24i03.d1720","URL":"https://doi.org/10.46488/nept.2025.v24i03.d1720","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojg.2025.1512045","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessing the Impact of Reservoir Heterogeneity on Carbon Capture and Storage Feasibility through Numerical Simulation","abstract":"Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a critical technology for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and achieving global decarbonization targets. However, the feasibility and effectiveness of CCS operations depend significantly on the geological characteristics of storage reservoirs, particularly their heterogeneity. This study investigates the role of reservoir heterogeneity in influencing CO2 trapping mechanisms, mineral carbonation efficiency, and long-term storage security. By integrating advanced injection strategies, geochemical analyses, and real-time monitoring technologies, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of CCS feasibility in heterogeneous geological formations. Our findings demonstrate that highly heterogeneous reservoirs enhance residual trapping through capillary barriers but pose challenges for CO2 plume migration and leakage risks. Basalt formations, characterized by their reactive mineralogy, achieved the highest mineral carbonation efficiency (92%) compared to sandstone (75%) and carbonate (60%) reservoirs. Advanced injection strategies, including high-pressure pulse and water-alternating-gas (WAG) techniques, improved CO2 retention by mitigating plume migration and optimizing sweep efficiency. Furthermore, robust caprock integrity and fault management were identified as critical factors for preventing leakage, supported by distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and time-lapse seismic imaging. This study emphasizes the importance of tailoring CCS strategies to reservoir-specific heterogeneity and leveraging multidisciplinary approaches to enhance storage security and efficiency. The results provide actionable insights for site selection, operational optimization, and long-term risk management, positioning CCS as a cornerstone of global climate mitigation efforts.","author":[{"family":"Essiagne","given":"Franck"},{"family":"Kra","given":"Kouassi"},{"family":"Camara","given":"Moussa"},{"family":"Kouadio","given":"Koffi"},{"family":"Kouadio","given":"Koffi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.4236/ojg.2025.1512045","URL":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2025.1512045","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1038/s44458-026-00036-8","type":"article-journal","title":"High-capture-rate carbon capture and storage enables cost-effective decarbonization of Europe’s power sector","abstract":"Abstract Reducing reliance on fossil fuels is essential for achieving international climate goals, but an immediate phase-out can create economic and system reliability challenges. A transitional option is to equip fossil fuel power plants with carbon capture and storage to reduce emissions. Here, we use a numerical capacity expansion model of the European power sector to explore how different carbon capture and storage deployment strategies, particularly high-capture-rate technologies that remove nearly all emissions, affect long-term system outcomes. Using scenario-based analysis, we find that cost-efficient decarbonization can be achieved through a combination of renewable energy and carbon capture and storage, including standard technologies that remove most emissions and advanced options that remove nearly all emissions. By 2050, fossil-based generation equipped with carbon capture and storage supplies a substantial share of electricity in many scenarios, exceeding today’s unabated fossil generation. However, relying exclusively on renewable energy and carbon capture and storage becomes increasingly costly at high levels of decarbonization, indicating that carbon dioxide removal is needed to achieve climate targets in a cost-efficient manner. The results provide insights into policy and infrastructure requirements for sustainable long-term deployment.","author":[{"family":"Homaei","given":"Shamim"},{"family":"Anantharaman","given":"Rahul"},{"family":"Backe","given":"Stian"},{"family":"Roussanaly","given":"Simon"},{"family":"Tomasgard","given":"Asgeir"},{"family":"Tomasgård","given":"Asgeir"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s44458-026-00036-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44458-026-00036-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1021/acsaem.5c03659","type":"article-journal","title":"CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Electroreduction to Formate: Advancing toward Scalable Technologies.","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Scaling up CO 2 electroreduction to formate requires optimizing electrode design and reactor configuration. Gas diffusion electrodes and membrane electrode assemblies enable high CO 2 transport and production rates, but long-term stability remains challenging. Flow cells offer better scalability than H-type cells, supporting continuous operation and improved mass transfer. In large systems, uniform CO 2 distribution and pressure balance are critical to prevent performance losses. Strategies like stacked cell designs to increase electrolyzer surface area must also be considered. Addressing electrode durability and reactor engineering challenges is essential for advancing industrial implementation of CO 2 electroreduction to formate.","author":[{"family":"Abarca","given":"José"},{"family":"Díaz-Sainz","given":"Guillermo"},{"family":"Irabien","given":"Ángel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsaem.5c03659","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c03659","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-025-67377-1","type":"article-journal","title":"Scenario-adaptive hierarchical optimisation framework for design in hybrid energy storage systems.","abstract":"As renewable energy penetration increases, mismatches between generation and demand lead to underutilization of clean energy, particularly in industrial parks with overlapping of building and process loads. To enhance system flexibility and renewable utilization, hybrid energy storage systems integrating electrical, thermal, and cooling storage technologies offer a promising solution. However, a scalable and generalizable design framework for such systems remains lacking. Here, we propose a general and scenario-adaptive design framework for hybrid energy storage systems. The framework encompasses five core stages: demand analysis, energy storage selection, energy system modeling, optimization design, and performance evaluation. We develop a hierarchical optimization method to jointly optimize equipment configuration and operation scheduling through iterative feedback between the two layers, achieving better scalability and robustness than existing collaborative approaches. The proposed framework is systematically evaluated across industrial parks spanning different climate zones and energy demand levels. Results show that the proposed framework significantly enhances energy cost savings (43.7%) and reduces carbon emissions (69.9%). This work provides a practical and transferable pathway for deploying hybrid energy storage systems in carbon-intensive sectors, thereby facilitating the low-carbon transition of industrial sectors. In this work, a scenario-adaptive hierarchical optimisation framework is developed for the design of hybrid energy storage systems for industrial parks. It improves renewable use, cuts energy costs and carbon emissions, and offers a scalable pathway for the low-carbon energy transition of these parks.","author":[{"family":"Guo","given":"Jiacheng"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Rongxin"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yuekuan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Ji"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Jinyue"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Jinqing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-67377-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67377-1","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.3390/mi16101170","type":"article-journal","title":"Energy Storage, Power Management, and Applications of Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Systems: A Review.","abstract":"Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as efficient mechanical-energy harvesters with advantages-simple architectures, broad material compatibility, low cost, and strong environmental tolerance-positioning them as key enablers of self-powered systems. This review synthesizes recent progress in energy-storage interfaces, power management, and system-level integration for TENGs. We analyze how intrinsic source characteristics-high output voltage, low current, large internal impedance, and pulsed waveforms-complicate efficient charge extraction and utilization. Accordingly, this work highlights a variety of power-conditioning approaches, including advanced rectification, multistage buffering, impedance transformation/matching, and voltage regulation. Moreover, recent developments in the integration of TENGs with storage elements, cover hybrid topologies and flexible architectures. Application case studies in wearable electronics, environmental monitoring, smart-home security, and human-machine interfaces illustrate the dual roles of TENGs as power sources and self-driven sensors. Finally, we outline research priorities: miniaturized and integrated power-management circuits, AI-assisted adaptive control, multimodal hybrid storage platforms, load-adaptive power delivery, and flexible, biocompatible encapsulation. Overall, this review provides a consolidated view of state-of-the-art TENG-based self-powered systems and practical guidance toward real-world deployment.","author":[{"family":"Dien","given":"Xiong"},{"family":"Ramli","given":"Nurulazlina"},{"family":"Thio","given":"Tzer"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Zhuanqing"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Siyu"},{"family":"He","given":"Xiangming"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/mi16101170","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16101170","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4406424434","type":"article-journal","title":"Hydroxyl-Incorporated Microporous Polymer Comprising 3D Triptycene for Selective Capture of CO 2 over N 2 and CH 4","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The rising CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere contributes significantly to global warming, necessitating effective carbon capture techniques. Amine-based solvents are widely employed for the chemisorption of CO 2, although they have drawbacks, such as degradation, corrosion, and high regeneration energy requirements. Physical adsorption of CO 2 utilizing microporous adsorbents is a viable alternative that offers excellent efficiency and selectivity for CO 2 capture. This work presents the facile one-pot synthesis of a 3D-triptycene-containing hyper-cross-linked microporous polymer (TBPP-OH) possessing hydroxyl groups. The presence of triptycene units in the TBPP-OH polymeric structure gives several desirable features, such as inherent microporosity, larger surface area, and improved thermal stability. TBPP-OH showed considerable microporosity (% V mic = 70%), a larger BET-specific surface area (SA BET ) of 838 m 2 g –1, and good thermal stability ( T d = 372 °C and char yield > 60%) which makes it a promising adsorbent for CO 2 capture. A strong affinity for CO 2 was shown by TBPP-OH with Q st of 32.9 kJ/mol demonstrating a superior CO 2 adsorption capacity of 2.77 mmol/g at 273 K and 1 bar pressure where the volume of the micropore plays a significant role. The selectivity values of CO 2 over N 2 and CH 4 for the polymer TBPP-OH were also estimated to be reasonably high indicating good potential for CO 2 separation in different applications. The mechanism of CO 2 adsorption was investigated by using Langmuir and dual-site Langmuir models.","author":[{"family":"Ansari","given":"Mosim"},{"family":"Hanif","given":"Aamir"},{"family":"Abdelnaby","given":"Mahmoud"},{"family":"Helal","given":"Aasif"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Mohd"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.4c08460","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c08460","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410735230","type":"article-journal","title":"Predicting Aboveground Carbon Storage in Different Types of Forests in South Subtropical Regions Using Machine Learning Models","abstract":"ABSTRACT Motivated by the need to enhance the accuracy of forest aboveground carbon storage (ACS) assessments, this study aimed to explore the effectiveness of different machine learning models in predicting ACS across various subtropical forest types in southern China. The study was conducted in southern China, focusing on different types of subtropical forests. This region harbors several types of subtropical forests, which are rarely found at similar latitudes in the world. Variance inflation factor was employed to screen independent variables, resulting in the selection of 13 significant predictors. Four machine learning models—support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), multi‐layer perceptron (MLP), and extreme gradient boosting (XGB)—were constructed to estimate carbon storage. Model performance was evaluated using root mean square error, coefficient of determination (R2), and mean absolute error. The model with the best generalization ability was selected to calculate SHAP values for each predictor. The XGB model demonstrated superior performance across all forest types, with R2 values ranging from 0.898 to 0.974. In mountainous evergreen broad‐leaved forests, the prediction accuracy followed the order of XGB>MLP>SVM>RF. In valley rainforests, MLP showed the highest R2 value, but with higher MAE and RMSE, making it the second‐best choice. The RF model performed moderately, while the SVM model showed the poorest performance. The SHAP values indicated that maximum diameter at breast height, slope, mean DBH, species evenness, altitude, and maximum tree height had significant effects on ACS. XGB model exhibits the best prediction performance and strongest adaptability for estimating ACS in subtropical southern China forests. Additionally, the MLP model can serve as an effective model for assessing carbon storage in valley rainforests within this region. Machine learning methods provide valuable references for predicting and assessing ACS in different types of zonal forests.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Jiarun"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Zihang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Chu","given":"Xiaoxue"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Shiguang"},{"family":"Lian","given":"Juyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ece3.71499","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71499","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409966886","type":"article-journal","title":"Probing Interfacial Nanostructures of Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems by In-Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy","abstract":"The ability to control the electrode interfaces in an electrochemical energy storage system is essential for achieving the desired electrochemical performance. However, achieving this ability requires an in-depth understanding of the detailed interfacial nanostructures of the electrode under electrochemical operating conditions. In-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is one of the most powerful techniques for revealing electrochemical energy storage mechanisms with high spatiotemporal resolution and high sensitivity in complex electrochemical environments. These attributes play a unique role in understanding how ion transport inside electrode nanomaterials and across interfaces under the dynamic conditions within working batteries. This review aims to gain an in-depth insight into the latest developments of in-situ TEM imaging techniques for probing the interfacial nanostructures of electrochemical energy storage systems, including atomic-scale structural imaging, strain field imaging, electron holography, and integrated differential phase contrast imaging. Significant examples will be described to highlight the fundamental understanding of atomic-scale and nanoscale mechanisms from employing state-of-the-art imaging techniques to visualize structural evolution, ionic valence state changes, and strain mapping, ion transport dynamics. The review concludes by providing a perspective discussion of future directions of the development and application of in-situ TEM techniques in the field of electrochemical energy storage systems.","author":[{"family":"Liang","given":"Guisheng"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Chang"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Liting"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yihao"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Minmin"},{"family":"Xiong","given":"Xuhui"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Chendi"},{"family":"Lv","given":"Xiaowei"},{"family":"You","given":"Wenbin"},{"family":"Pei","given":"Ke"},{"family":"Zhong","given":"Chuan‐jian"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Han‐wen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40820-025-01720-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01720-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410426306","type":"article-journal","title":"Tree diversity, population structure, biomass accumulation, and carbon stock dynamics in tropical dry deciduous forests of Eastern India","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Tropical dry deciduous forests are crucial for biodiversity conservation and carbon storage but are increasingly threatened by human activities and climate change. This Study evaluates tree diversity, population structure, and biomass carbon stock across five forest ranges of eastern India. METHODOLOGY: A stratified random sampling approach was implemented using a 5 km × 5 km grid for vegetational attribute studies. Tree diversity was assessed within 0.1 ha (31.62 m × 31.62 m) plots, while biomass estimation focused on trees with ≥ 10 cm. girth at breast height. Population structure and biomass estimation were analyzed across six defined girth classes, employing standardized protocols to ensure accurate carbon stock estimation. RESULTS: A total of 80 tree species belonging to 68 genera and 33 families were recorded, with Fabaceae emerging as the dominant family. Significant variation in species richness (32-52 species), tree density (804-1332 trees/ha), and basal area (18.28-24.92 m²/ha) was observed across the five forest ranges. Kolabira forest range (3.45) and Bagdihi forest range (3.37) exhibited the highest diversity indices, highlighting their ecological significance and carbon sequestration potential. Mid-sized trees (32-101 cm) contributed the most to biomass accumulation, while the lower densities in other size classes suggest selective exploitation. Total biomass was highest in Belpahar forest range (129.63 Mg/ha) and lowest in Jharsuguda forest range (86.73 Mg/ha), with a corresponding biomass carbon stock of 58.47 MgC/ha and 40.76 MgC/ha, respectively, emphasizing spatial variations in carbon storage across these dry deciduous forests. CONCLUSION: The findings highlight the ecological significance of tropical dry deciduous forests and underscore the urgent need for conservation strategies to safeguard biodiversity and enhance carbon storage. In parallel, the study offers a valuable scientific foundation for advancing forest management practices and shaping policies to address biodiversity loss and climate challenges in this vital region of India.","author":[{"family":"Mansingh","given":"Abinash"},{"family":"Pradhan","given":"Antaryami"},{"family":"Sahoo","given":"Soumya"},{"family":"Cherwa","given":"Sujeet"},{"family":"Mishra","given":"Barsha"},{"family":"Rath","given":"Laxmi"},{"family":"Ekka","given":"Nirius"},{"family":"Panda","given":"Bibhu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12862-025-02385-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-025-02385-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412470236","type":"article-journal","title":"Mitigating thermal runaway in EV batteries using hybrid energy storage and phase change materials","abstract":"Electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as a sustainable solution for modern transportation; however, effective thermal management of their battery systems is essential to ensure safety, reliability, and optimal performance. This review examines advanced strategies for preventing thermal runaway in EV battery systems, with a focus on innovative thermal management techniques. It introduces various battery chemistries suitable for different applications and highlights key thermal control methods, including the use of phase change materials (PCMs), heat sinks, and hybrid energy storage systems (HESS). Particular attention is given to HESS as a novel approach that integrates battery packs with metal-hydride tanks for improved thermal regulation. Furthermore, the paper presents a comprehensive analysis of different battery thermal management system (BTMS) configurations, emphasizing their critical role in enhancing both the safety and operational efficiency of electric vehicles.","author":[{"family":"Talha","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Palange","given":"Rupesh"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Saleem"},{"family":"Deblasio","given":"Cataldo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5ra02870a","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra02870a","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406612402","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimization-based state-of-charge management strategies for supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle pumped thermal energy storage systems","abstract":"We present a study concerning the state-of-charge (SoC) management strategies for pumped thermal electrical energy storage (PTES) systems. The particular system under study is a recuperative Brayton Cycle PTES with supercritical CO 2 as the working fluid and uses molten salt and water as hot and cold side thermal storage reservoirs. The charging and discharging cycles, including the turbomachinery, heat exchangers, and two-tank thermal storage units are modelled using Aspen HYSYS, considering variable speed operating characteristics of the turbomachines. An in-cycle SoC management strategy is proposed to maintain equal charging and discharging capacities between the hot and cold side thermal storage reservoirs, whereas a cycle-to-cycle SoC management strategy is used to constrain the PTES operating envelope for charge/discharge power and duration given operational objectives. The model is used in several case-studies to demonstrate the SoC management strategies. The case study results showed that, given an electricity price profile, the algorithm can determine feasible charge/discharge profiles while maximizing the operational profit. Additionally, if the PTES system is integrated with a wind farm, it enables the wind farm to provide dispatchable power. The round-trip efficiencies of the system is within the range of 35–60 % and in certain scenarios with increased part-load operation, such as the wind farm integration scenario, the average efficiency is observed to be 46.5 %. The SoC of both tanks displayed a negligible deviation of 0.24 % after five days of operation, including operation under part load conditions. The findings provide a new avenue for revenue stacking via flexible operations and can help accelerate the adoption of PTES systems. • Analysis of part-load performance of a recuperative SCBC PTES system • A SoC management strategy for the PTES system to be used in operation scheduling • Demonstrate the ability of the proposed algorithm by optimizing operational profit • Highlights potential of PTES systems to provide dispatchable renewable power","author":[{"family":"Albay","given":"Alp"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhennan"},{"family":"Mercangöz","given":"Mehmet"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.est.2025.115387","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.115387","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414354285","type":"article-journal","title":"MXene‐Supported Vanadium Sulfide Composites Reinforced by Tailored Carbon Nanotube Networks for High‐Performance Supercapattery","abstract":"Abstract The strategic engineering of multidimensional electrode materials is essential for next‐generation hybrid energy storage systems, specifically supercapatteries, which integrate the high energy density of batteries and high‐power density of supercapacitors. A rationally engineered composite comprising vanadium sulfide (VS 4 ) nanosheets uniformly anchored onto 2D MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) sheets through a facile solvothermal method, further reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to construct a 3D conductive network, is demonstrated. The uniform dispersion of VS 4 on MXene, facilitated by strong V─C interfacial bonding, mitigates MXene restacking, enhances electrical conductivity, and stabilizes the hybrid structure. Meanwhile, CNTs further improve electron mobility, reduce particle aggregation, and reinforce mechanical strength. This multidimensional design significantly boosts redox kinetics and cycle stability. The optimized VS 4 ‐MXene‐CNT electrode delivers a high specific capacity of 802.46 C g −1 (1337.44 F g −1 ) at 0.3 A g −1 in 6 M KOH, retaining 97% capacitance after 5000 cycles. The fabricated asymmetric supercapattery device (ASD) exhibits a specific capacity of 148.18 C g −1 (246.97 F g −1 ) at 0.3 A g −1 , achieving specific energy of 12.35 Wh kg −1 and specific power of 1856.43 W kg −1 , with 93% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles. This work offers a promising route toward designing for durable, high‐performance supercapattery electrodes.","author":[{"family":"Ingole","given":"Rahul"},{"family":"Kadam","given":"Snehal"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Kwangjun"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Minwook"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Ok","given":"Jong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smll.202507971","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202507971","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415930943","type":"article-journal","title":"An Immune-Structural Adaptive Response for Viability of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage Supply Chains","abstract":"The viability of supply chains is a central challenge in environments marked by frequent disruptions, extreme uncertainty, and rising sustainability requirements. While literature has advanced in integrating resilience and sustainability, predominant methods—mainly robust or stochastic optimization—focus on predefined scenarios and offer only a partial view of adaptive capacity. This emphasis on known–unknowns leaves unresolved how to ensure continuity, efficient recovery, and organizational learning under unexpected or unknown–unknown events. A methodological gap therefore persists in evaluating and designing supply chains that not only withstand disruptions but also retain essential goals, autonomously activate responses, and reorganize with acceptable costs and times. This study introduces the Immune-Structural Adaptive Response (RAIE) methodology, inspired by the human immune system. RAIE provides an evaluation framework combining properties such as early detection, minimal redundancy, adaptive memory, and structural reconfiguration, operationalized through dynamic metrics: goal retention, autonomous activation, adaptation cost, recovery time, and service loss. Applied to Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) supply chains, RAIE reduced service-loss area (Rₐᵣₑₐ) by 40–65% and recovery time (TTR) by 30–45%, while keeping adaptation costs below 2% of total expenditures. Unlike traditional stochastic or robust models, RAIE explicitly embeds endogenous responses and post-shock reorganization, producing more viable configurations that balance efficiency and resilience. The results deliver actionable guidance for strategic and tactical decision-making in highly uncertain environments.","author":[{"family":"Polo","given":"Andrés"},{"family":"Morillo-Torres","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Escobar","given":"John"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17219838","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219838","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416138213","type":"article-journal","title":"Zero-Carbon Development in Data Centers Using Waste Heat Recovery Technology: A Systematic Review","abstract":"The rapid advancement of technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and cloud computing has driven continuous expansion of global data centers, resulting in increasingly severe energy consumption and carbon emission challenges. According to projections by the International Energy Agency (IEA), the global electricity demand of data centers is expected to double by 2030. The construction of green data centers has emerged as a critical pathway for achieving carbon neutrality goals and facilitating energy structure transition. This paper presents a systematic review of the role of waste heat recovery technologies in data centers for achieving low-carbon development. Categorized by aspects of waste heat recovery technologies, power production and district heating, it focuses on assessing the applicability of heat collection technologies, such as heat pumps, thermal energy storage and absorption cooling, in different scenarios. This study examines multiple electricity generation pathways, specifically the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), Kalina Cycle (KC), and thermoelectric generators (TEG), with comprehensive analysis of their technical performance and economic viability. The study also assesses the feasibility and environmental advantages of using data center waste heat for district heating. This application, supported by heat pumps and thermal energy storage, could serve both residential and industrial areas. The study shows that waste heat recovery technologies can not only significantly reduce the Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) of data centers, but also deliver substantial economic returns and emission reduction potential. In the future, the integration of green computing power with renewable energy will emerge as the cornerstone of sustainable data center development. Through intelligent energy management systems, cascaded energy utilization and regional energy synergy, data centers are poised to transition from traditional “energy-intensive facilities” to proactive “clean energy collaborators” within the smart grid ecosystem.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Lingfei"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Zhanwen"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Bohang"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Mingyu"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yangyang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su172210101","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su172210101","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406120165","type":"article-journal","title":"Contributions of countries without a carbon neutrality target to limit global warming","abstract":"Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is a key negative emission technology for climate mitigation. Some countries have made no commitment to carbon neutrality but are viewed as potential BECCS candidates (hereafter, non-CN countries). Here we analyze contributions of these countries to global climate mitigation with respect to BECCS using an Earth system model with explicit representations of bioenergy crops. Switchgrass cultivation in these non-CN countries can further remove atmospheric CO2 by 9.1 ± 2.8 and 19.9 ± 5.2 PgC in the low-warming and overshot scenarios, resulting in an extra biogeochemical cooling effect of 0.01 ± 0.04 to 0.02 ± 0.06 °C. This cooling is largely counterbalanced by the biophysical warming, but the net effect is still an extra cooling. The non-CN countries play a more important role in the low-warming scenario than in the overshoot scenario, despite the inequality of temperature change among countries. Our study highlights the importance of a global system for climate mitigation. This study examines contributions of non-carbon neutrality countries to climate mitigation through BECCS. Cultivating switchgrass in these countries can remove up to 19.9 PgC of CO2, leading to net cooling despite biophysical warming effects.","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Jiaxin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Ciais","given":"Philippe"},{"family":"Gasser","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jingmeng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhao"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Han","given":"Mengjie"},{"family":"He","given":"Jiaying"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Minxuan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Li"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Xiaomeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-024-55720-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55720-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408378380","type":"article-journal","title":"Molecular Insights into Geochemical Reactions of Iron-Bearing Minerals: Implications for Hydrogen Geo-Storage","abstract":"This study investigates the reaction of hydrogen (H 2 ) with pyrite (FeS 2 ), focusing on how temperature and the presence of water influence the reaction pathways and kinetics. Utilizing computational molecular simulations and kinetic analyses, we explore the impact of these factors on the formation of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and related species. First, grand canonical Monte Carlo/molecular dynamics (GCMC/MD) simulations reveal that physical H 2 adsorption occurs in distinct layers on the pyrite surface. In addition, increased temperatures reduce the absolute adsorption capacities. Reactive MD simulations demonstrate that H 2 interacts differently with pyrite under varying conditions. At 298 K, H 2 reacts with pyrite to form HS –, leading to the formation of HS – through covalent bonding with sulfur of pyrite. However, no H 2 S is produced at this temperature, suggesting that a kinetic barrier (i.e., activation energy) may prevent this reaction. At higher temperatures, H 2 S production significantly increases. The presence of water introduces additional complexity to the reaction mechanism. Unlike dry conditions, water enhances H 2 S generation, even at low temperatures. Water also facilitates the formation of additional products, such as SOH, indicating a more intricate chemical environment on the pyrite surface. Our findings identify the association of HS – ions to form H 2 S as the rate-limiting step, with temperature influencing this process. This finding suggests that while the presence of water can create a more dynamic reaction environment, the overall mechanisms leading to H 2 S formation remain consistent. These outcomes suggest the need for developing targeted strategies to manage and control H 2 S emissions within the context of underground hydrogen storage.","author":[{"family":"Lee","given":"Hyeonseok"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Ruyi"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Liangliang"},{"family":"Germann","given":"Timothy"},{"family":"Gross","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Mehana","given":"Mohamed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c10515","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c10515","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406768809","type":"article-journal","title":"Diversity of biomass usage pathways to achieve emissions targets in the European energy system","abstract":"Abstract Biomass is a versatile renewable energy source with applications across the energy system, but it is a limited resource and its usage needs prioritization. We use a sector-coupled European energy system model to explore near-optimal solutions for achieving emissions targets. We find that provision of biogenic carbon has higher value than bioenergy provision. Energy system costs increase by 20% if biomass is excluded at a net-negative (−110%) emissions target and by 14% at a net-zero target. Dispatchable bioelectricity covering ~1% of total electricity generation strengthens supply reliability. Otherwise, it is not crucial in which sector biomass is used, if combined with carbon capture to enable negative emissions and feedstock for e-fuel production. A shortage of renewable electricity or hydrogen supply primarily increases the value of using biomass for fuel production. Results are sensitive to upstream emissions of biomass, carbon sequestration capacity and costs of direct air capture.","author":[{"family":"Millinger","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Hedenus","given":"Fredrik"},{"family":"Zeyen","given":"Elisabeth"},{"family":"Neumann","given":"Fabian"},{"family":"Reichenberg","given":"Lina"},{"family":"Berndes","given":"Göran"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41560-024-01693-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01693-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409884449","type":"article-journal","title":"Spatiotemporal Evolution and Prediction of Carbon Storage in Karst Fault Basin Based on FLUS and InVEST Models","abstract":"Karst topography comprises a fragile ecological environment with a significant potential for carbon sequestration. It is characterized by severe rocky desertification, particularly in China’s karst fault basin. Therefore, there is a crucial need to scientifically evaluate the variations in carbon storage over time and space in this area to ensure effective land space planning and regional ecological security, especially considering the dual carbon target. Using land use data (1985–2020) from the karst fault basin in Southwest China, the study employed the InVEST model to evaluate temporal and spatial variations in carbon storage. A time span of 35 years was examined, and predictions regarding carbon storage in 2050 were formulated under three different conditions: natural evolution, ecological protection, and cultivated land protection. These predictions were based on natural, social, and economic driving factors. The results revealed a fluctuating downward trend in regards to carbon storage in the study area from 1985 to 2020, with a total decrease of 2.1 × 106 t. After 2000, there has been significant improvement in the dynamic degree of land use for forest land, grassland, and construction land compared to the levels before 2000. Additionally, many land use types with high carbon density transitioned into those with lower carbon density. Spatially, the carbon density in the karst fault basin was higher in the north and lower in the central and southern basins. At the county spatial scale, except for the northern and central parts of the study area, there was a decrease in total carbon storage in the remaining counties. By 2050, under the ecological protection scenario, total carbon storage is projected to increase by approximately 6 × 106 t, whereas under the natural evolution and cultivated land protection scenarios, it is expected to decrease by 2 × 106 t and 3 × 106 t, respectively. Specifically, under the natural evolution scenario, only five counties will experience an increase in carbon storage, while the other counties will witness a decrease. The findings of this study offer a scientific basis for enhancing ecosystem carbon services through land management practices and the control of rocky desertification in the karst fault basin. They can inform decision-making processes regarding carbon sequestration, ecosystem restoration, and sustainable land use planning in the region.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiabin"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Rong"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Wenting"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Guobao"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Xiangru"},{"family":"Gong","given":"Yaguang"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Yuanhui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17093931","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17093931","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131673426","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites: Processing, Properties, and Applications","abstract":"Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites represent a transformative class of structural materials, combining low density, high specific strength, and excellent fatigue resistance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of CFRPs, addressing their structure, manufacturing routes, mechanical performance, and functional behavior, with particular emphasis on damage tolerance, tribological properties, and environmental durability. The discussion begins with the classification and morphology of carbon fibers, highlighting their influence on composite anisotropy and interlaminar behavior. The effects of impact loading, delamination, and environmental conditioning on residual strength and fatigue life are then examined, with reference to established evaluation methods such as ASTM D7136 and compression-after-impact (CAI) testing. From a tribological perspective, the incorporation of nanoscale additives, such as graphite nanoplatelets and TiO2 nanoparticles, and their contribution to enhancing wear resistance by promoting the formation of stable tribofilms, is explored. Advances in processing techniques, including low-pressure curing and improved resin systems, are also discussed for their roles in enhancing manufacturability and energy efficiency. Overall, the review underscores that optimal CFRP performance is achieved through the synergistic integration of fiber architecture, matrix design, and precise processing control, while future progress in nanomodification, recycling, and sustainable curing technologies is expected to further expand CFRP applications in the aerospace, automotive, and high-performance engineering sectors.","author":[{"family":"Davidson","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Graunke","given":"Ryan"},{"family":"Green","given":"Aidan"},{"family":"Haelsig","given":"Hayden"},{"family":"Heinemann","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Jose","given":"Subin"},{"family":"Menezes","given":"Pradeep"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/fib14030029","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib14030029","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414359099","type":"article-journal","title":"Sodium plating on hard carbon anodes in sodium-ion batteries: mechanisms, detection methods, and mitigation strategies","abstract":"storage capacity, and extensive availability-further reinforces the potential of SIBs. Nevertheless, the inherent thermodynamic instability of HC anodes predisposes them to irreversible Na plating during operation. This phenomenon not only poses considerable safety hazards due to dendrite-induced short circuits but also accelerates capacity degradation, thereby undermining the feasibility of large-scale SIB deployment. This review comprehensively delineates the mechanisms underlying Na plating on HC anodes by examining internal factors-such as the electrode structure, the N/P ratio, and the electrolyte composition-and external factors including the state of charge, low temperature, and fast charging conditions. It further details various detection methods, encompassing both electrochemical techniques and physical characterization techniques, and outlines mitigation strategies such as electrode structure design, surface engineering, and electrolyte regulation to suppress plating. By synthesizing current understanding, the review posits future directions for developing safer, high-performance SIB anodes. Addressing Na plating is thus critical for advancing SIB technology toward large-scale applications.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zihe"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yuanjian"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Ju","given":"Jiangwei"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Yongming"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5nh00471c","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nh00471c","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412457216","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon-Aware Spatio-Temporal Workload Shifting in Edge–Cloud Environments: A Review and Novel Algorithm","abstract":"Due to its rising carbon footprint, new paradigms for carbon-efficient computing are needed. For distributed computing systems, one option is to shift computing loads in space or time to take advantage of low-carbon electricity, a paradigm known as carbon-aware computing. We present a literature review of carbon-aware scheduling techniques, which shows that most of the literature carried out either spatial or temporal shifting but not both. Of the 28 analyzed studies, 11 considered both spatial and temporal shifting, and only 2 developed a combined optimization algorithm. Additionally, existing approaches typically focus on operational electricity alone. With the growing decarbonization of electricity, however, device production (which involves various industrial processes and cannot be easily decarbonized) is bound to become more relevant and needs to be considered. We thus suggest a novel spatio-temporal scheduling algorithm for cloud and edge computing. Our algorithm performs simultaneous spatio-temporal shifting while taking into consideration both device production and operation. As temporal shifting requires forecasts of future workloads, we also put forward a workload predictor. Although not fully implemented yet, we bring various theoretical arguments in support of our proposed algorithm.","author":[{"family":"Asadov","given":"Nasir"},{"family":"Coroamă","given":"Vlad"},{"family":"Franzil","given":"Matteo"},{"family":"Galantino","given":"Stefano"},{"family":"Finkbeiner","given":"Matthias"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17146433","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146433","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412444630","type":"article-journal","title":"Elevated CO 2 alters relative belowground carbon investment for nutrient acquisition in a mature temperate forest","abstract":"Forests are potential carbon (C) sinks that partially offset anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions via enhanced C assimilation and productivity. However, the question remains whether mature trees will express sufficient plasticity in nutrient acquisition strategies to support enhanced growth under elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 ). Trees may sustain growth by investing C belowground to enhance nutrient acquisition, e.g., by increasing root absorptive surfaces for greater soil available resource exploration (a “do-it-yourself” strategy) or utilizing C exudation or mycorrhizal associations as priming mechanisms for nutrient acquisition (“outsourcing”). We show that 4 y of eCO 2 (+140 ± 38 ppm; i.e., +35% above ambient) altered the relative belowground C investment strategies of mature oak ( Quercus robur L.) in a 180-y-old temperate forest. Fine-root branching frequency increased 73% under eCO 2 . Specific root C exudation was enhanced under eCO 2 (63%), particularly outside the peak growing season, and the exudate C to nitrogen (N) ratio was increased (28%). Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) biomass production increased during leaf fall (17%) while ECM turnover increased almost fourfold under eCO 2 . The exudate and root metabolome composition were considerably altered during the late growing season under eCO 2 . We find, therefore, that a broad suite of nutrient acquisition strategies are upregulated under eCO 2 , with dynamic shifting between different outsourcing and do-it-yourself elements at different times of the year. These belowground changes support the increase in net primary productivity observed in this forest, with implications for the role of mature temperate forests in the global carbon sink.","author":[{"family":"Reay","given":"Michaela"},{"family":"Sayer","given":"Emma"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Pastor","given":"Victoria"},{"family":"Kourmouli","given":"Angeliki"},{"family":"Marshall","given":"Miles"},{"family":"Grzesik","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Evans","given":"Iwan"},{"family":"Rumeau","given":"Manon"},{"family":"Hart","given":"Kris"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Jiaojiao"},{"family":"Norby","given":"Richard"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1073/pnas.2503595122","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2503595122","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409709700","type":"article-journal","title":"From Waste to Watts: Cigarette Filter Waste to Carbon Nanomaterial‐Based Supercapacitors for Sustainable Energy Storage Applications","abstract":"ABSTRACT Currently, the rapidly growing population is producing hazardous waste materials at an unprecedented rate, which seriously affects the global environment. Additionally, increasing population and pollution have amplified the need for renewable energy and efficient energy‐storage technologies. One strategy is to implement greener processes for efficiency and/or utilize the waste generated for useful domestic and industrial applications. In this context, here, we harnessed the most littered environmental pollutant, cigarette filter waste (CFW), to synthesize carbon nanomaterials (CNM) via a single‐step pyrolysis process, devoid of any catalyst or activating agent, possessing optimal characteristics for serving as an active electrode material in the fabrication of cutting‐edge supercapacitors, thereby addressing the issue of waste recycling and the need for energy storage devices among the populace. Supercapacitors, namely SC‐1 to SC‐4 matching electrolytes, 1M H 2 SO 4 , 2M H 2 SO 4 , 1M KOH, and 2M KOH, fabricated using CNM electrodes were evaluated. Among these, SC‐2 exhibits superior performance, demonstrating a remarkable capacitance of 240 Fg –1 at low scan rates (2 mVs –1 ), an enhanced energy density (22.4 Whkg –1 ), and commendable power density (399.43 Wkg –1 ). Furthermore, SC‐2 maintained 5000 cycles of outstanding stability with 97.8% capacitance retention. This study unveils the potential of CFW‐derived CNMs as an electrode material for the realization of state‐of‐the‐art supercapacitors.","author":[{"family":"Sivanandan","given":"Akash"},{"family":"Pathak","given":"Mayank"},{"family":"Saminathan","given":"Sharmila"},{"family":"Rana","given":"Sravendra"},{"family":"Sahoo","given":"Nanda"},{"family":"Ramana","given":"CV"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/bte2.20240104","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.20240104","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409767320","type":"article-journal","title":"Research Progress on CO2 Capture and Catalytic Conversion of Metal-Organic Frameworks Materials","abstract":"The increase in CO2 emissions has been identified as a core driving factor in the intensification of the greenhouse effect. In order to achieve the dual-carbon vision, research on CO2 capture and its catalytic conversion is receiving growing attention. Due to the high chemical stability of CO2 itself, traditional separation technologies find it difficult to capture it onto catalysts. Currently, using hydrocarbons as carriers for catalytic reactions is the most common and efficient method. In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown their irreplaceable importance in CO2 capture and catalytic conversion due to their unique adjustable and controllable pore structures and multiple active sites. This study integrates various classification criteria of MOFs, proposes a cooperative mechanism between metal doping and functional groups, and also reveals the CO2 capture and catalytic conversion processes. In addition, we have conducted an in-depth discussion on the future development of continuous-flow microreactor technology and provided performance and property relationship diagrams for multiple MOF series, offering valuable reference material for future research in related fields.","author":[{"family":"Lei","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Xiaolin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wentao"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xue"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Fang","given":"De"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/catal15050421","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15050421","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406421484","type":"article-journal","title":"Review of Bioinspired Composites for Thermal Energy Storage: Preparation, Microstructures and Properties","abstract":"Bioinspired composites for thermal energy storage have gained much attention all over the world. Bioinspired structures have several advantages as the skeleton for preparing thermal energy storage materials, including preventing leakage and improving thermal conductivity. Phase change materials (PCMs) play an important role in the development of energy storage materials because of their stable chemical/thermal properties and high latent heat storage capacity. However, their applications have been compromised, owing to low thermal conductivity and leakage. The plant-derived scaffolds (i.e., wood-derived SiC/Carbon) in the composites can not only provide higher thermal conductivity but also prevent leakage. In this paper, we review recent progress in the preparation, microstructures, properties and applications of bioinspired composites for thermal energy storage. Two methods are generally used for producing bioinspired composites, including the direct introduction of biomass-derived templates and the imitation of biological structures templates. Some of the key technologies for introducing PCMs into templates involves melting, vacuum impregnation, physical mixing, etc. Continuous and orderly channels inside the skeleton can improve the overall thermal conductivity, and the thermal conductivity of composites with biomass-derived, porous, silicon carbide skeleton can reach as high as 116 W/m*K. In addition, the tightly aligned microporous structure can cover the PCM well, resulting in good leakage resistance after up to 2500 hot and cold cycles. Currently, bioinspired composites for thermal energy storage hold the greatest promise for large-scale applications in the fields of building energy conservation and solar energy conversion/storage. This review provides guidance on the preparation methods, performance improvements and applications for the future research strategies of bioinspired composites for thermal energy storage.","author":[{"family":"Yu","given":"Min"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Mengyuan"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Changhao"},{"family":"Zhong","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Haoqi"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Zeya"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Renli"},{"family":"Gucci","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Dou"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/jcs9010041","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9010041","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406464356","type":"article-journal","title":"PPE Waste-Derived Carbon Materials for Energy Storage Applications via Carbonization Techniques","abstract":"Starting from the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, billions of personal protective equipment (PPE), mainly face masks (FMs), are reported to be worn and thrown away every month worldwide. Most of the waste winds up in landfills and undergoes an incineration process after being released into the environment. This could pose a significant risk and long-term effects to both human health and ecology due to the tremendous amount of non-biodegradable substances in the PPE waste. Consequently, alternative approaches for recycling PPE waste are imperatively needed to lessen the harmful effects of PPE waste. The current recycling methods facilitate the conventional treatment of waste, and most of it results in materials with decreased values for their characteristics. Thus, it is crucial to create efficient and environmentally friendly methods for recycling FMs and other PPE waste into products with added value, such as high-quality carbon materials. This paper reviews and focuses on the techniques for recycling PPE waste that are both economically viable and beneficial to the environment through carbonization technology, which transforms PPE waste into highly valuable carbon materials, as well as exploring the possible utilization of these materials for energy storage applications. In conclusion, this paper provides copious knowledge and information regarding PPE waste-derived carbon-based materials that would benefit potential green energy research.","author":[{"family":"Raship","given":"Nur"},{"family":"Tawil","given":"Siti"},{"family":"Syaripuddin","given":"Murniati"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/c11010008","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c11010008","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414686005","type":"article-journal","title":"Effect of Metal Modification of Activated Carbon on the Hydrogen Adsorption Capacity","abstract":"This study investigates the hydrogen adsorption performance of activated carbon (AC) derived from rice husks and modified with magnesium and nickel salts. Adsorption isotherms were recorded at 25 °C and 50 °C up to 80 bar, simulating practical storage conditions. The unmodified AC exhibited the highest hydrogen uptake (0.62 wt% at 25 °C), attributed to its high surface area and dominant ultramicroporosity (<0.9 nm). Modifications with Mg and Ni reduced adsorption capacity, likely due to partial pore blockage and decreased surface functionality, as confirmed by FTIR, Raman, and XRD analyses. Despite this, all samples demonstrated stable cyclic adsorption-desorption behavior and consistent isotherm profiles. Hysteresis observed in the modified samples suggests capillary condensation within mesopores. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the exothermic nature of hydrogen adsorption. Among the modified materials, ACM10 (Mg-modified) exhibited the best performance (0.54 wt%), highlighting the importance of optimizing the metal content. The obtained results indicate that the micropore size distribution and accessible surface functionality critically govern the hydrogen storage capacity, suggesting that unmodified AC is a promising candidate for low-temperature hydrogen storage systems.","author":[{"family":"Idrissov","given":"Nurlan"},{"family":"Aidarbekov","given":"NK"},{"family":"Kuspanov","given":"Zhengisbek"},{"family":"Askaruly","given":"Kydyr"},{"family":"Tsurtsumia","given":"Olga"},{"family":"Кутербеков","given":"КА"},{"family":"Zeinulla","given":"Zhassulan"},{"family":"Бекмырза","given":"Кенжебатыр"},{"family":"Kabyshev","given":"Asset"},{"family":"Кубенова","given":"ММ"},{"family":"Serik","given":"Aigerim"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15191503","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15191503","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406939270","type":"article-journal","title":"Connecting power to people: Integrating community renewable energy and multi-level governance towards low-carbon energy transition in Nigeria","abstract":"Despite extensive investments and deregulation efforts, the issue of carbon lock-in persists in the Nigerian context and across much of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Recognising the value of citizen involvement in shaping energy transformation, this research advocates for the adoption of community renewable energy (CRE) in Nigeria. Drawing inspiration from paradigmatic CRE models in Germany and Denmark, the study explores the evolving landscape of low-carbon energy transitions in developing economies through the Nigerian case. Currently, Nigeria’s low-carbon transition remains constrained by inadequate policies and top-down energy strategies, motivating the need for a more inclusive and decentralised approach. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a policy framework grounded in multi-level governance (MLG) theory. The conceptual framework delineates the roles and responsibilities of federal, state, and local governments, highlighting the scope for introducing renewable energy desk officers at the local level. Crucially, this research contributes to the limited body of CRE literature within Nigeria and similar sub-Saharan African contexts. The output provides concrete recommendations for renewable energy policy development in SSA nations with diverse political landscapes, in addition to supporting the future research agenda on CRE. Accordingly, the proposition of community renewable multi-level governance (CRE-MLG) reflects the rationale that citizen-centric energy practices can strengthen sustainability pathways in challenging contexts such as Nigeria. In contributing towards the burgeoning literature on energy transitions, this study advocates for an integrated governance approach and the bottom-up adoption of CRE practices to help drive sustainable development. 1 1 CRE, Community renewable energy; CRE-MLG, Community renewable energy multi-level governance; DRE, Decentralised renewable energy; EU, European Union; FiT, Feed-in Tariff; FG, Federal Government; GHG, greenhouse gas; FG, Federal Government; LG, Local Government; MLG; Multi-level governance; OECD, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; RE, Renewable energy; REDOs, Renewable energy desk officers; RESs, Renewable energy sources; SG, State Government; SSA, sub-Saharan Africa. • Examines the link between community renewable energy and multi-level governance in Nigeria • Recommends integration of mid-level and local government in national energy policy • Promotes community renewable energy adoption and citizen involvement in rural Nigeria • Advances scholarly understanding of low carbon transitions in sub-Saharan countries. • Provides an innovative policy solution for implementing energy sector reforms","author":[{"family":"Kaze","given":"Kim"},{"family":"Baltaozkan","given":"Nazmiye"},{"family":"Shrimpton","given":"Elisabeth"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.103938","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2025.103938","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417166599","type":"article-journal","title":"Coupling geothermal energy with geological carbon storage: A holistic review of enhanced geothermal systems using CO₂ as a working fluid","abstract":"CO 2 -based enhanced geothermal system (CO 2 -EGS), also known as CO 2 plume geothermal, has emerged as a promising avenue to address the growing global energy demand and mitigate global climate concerns by exploiting renewable energy from geothermal reservoirs while concurrently sequestering CO 2 . In this method, CO 2 , in a supercritical state or dissolved in brine, is used as a working fluid to harness the geothermal energy held in hot reservoir rocks, with part of the CO 2 being trapped in the reservoir. Despite their rapidly growing popularity, the integration assessment of CO 2 -EGS studies, fragmented into various subjects such as thermodynamics, heat transfer, multiphase flow, reservoir hydraulics, geomechanics, and geochemistry, remains insufficiently explored. Thus, a critical review that consolidates conducted studies, identifies gaps, and directs future research in this coupled technology is crucial. This review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of CO 2 -EGS, emphasizing its significance, the major challenges affecting its performance and mitigation strategies, the thermophysical properties of CO 2 as a working fluid, and CO 2 storage while extracting geothermal energy. The study revealed the key benefits of CO 2 -EGS, including reducing corrosion and scaling effects in the wellbore, maintaining reservoir pressure, storing CO 2 , increasing sweep efficiency of the reservoir, lowering pumping power, and addressing water scarcity for geothermal systems. Despite its significance, CO 2 -EGS encounters major challenges, such as cost, drilling and operating wells in harsh geological conditions, CO 2 leakage, lost circulation, premature thermal breakthrough, lower specific enthalpy, and incomplete heating. Key factors influencing its performance include properties of the reservoir, natural fractures and faults, geochemical and geomechanical factors, well design, type of thermodynamic cycle used, and CO 2 -related factors such as injection rate, injection pressure, temperature, and impurities. Overall, this review provides insights into significant advancements achieved and highlights future research to leverage CO 2 -EGS for reducing CO 2 emissions while extracting geothermal energy. • Renewable energy generation and geological carbon sequestration can be achieved in CO 2 -based EGS. • CO 2 -based EGS outperforms water-based EGS in low-permeability reservoirs with a minimum recovery of 50%. • Key factors affecting heat extraction and CO 2 storage in CO 2 -EGS are discussed. • Mitigation mechanisms for the challenges in CO 2 -EGS are analyzed. • Future research directions to optimize CO₂-EGS are provided.","author":[{"family":"Fentaw","given":"Jemal"},{"family":"Hajiyev","given":"Elvin"},{"family":"Baig","given":"Abdul"},{"family":"Emadi","given":"Hossein"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100486","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100486","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410722174","type":"article-journal","title":"Biochar Utilization in Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Biosensing Applications: A Review","abstract":"Biochar, a carbonaceous material derived from biomass, has garnered significant attention for its biomedical applications due to its unique physicochemical properties. Recent advances in functionalized and composite biochar materials have enabled their use in antibacterial and anticancer treatments, as well as biosensing technologies. This review highlights recent advances in the use of biochar for antimicrobial, anticancer, and biosensing applications. Derived from plant-, marine-, or animal-based biomass through pyrolysis, biochar can be functionalized with silver nanoparticles, metal oxides, or polymers to enhance its antimicrobial activity. In anticancer research, biochar demonstrates the ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation, modulate the cell cycle, and deliver targeted therapeutics, showing selective cytotoxicity against specific cancer cell types. Furthermore, biochar-based biosensors, when integrated with biomolecules such as enzymes, DNA, or antibodies, exhibit high sensitivity and specificity, making them suitable for precise disease diagnostics. These findings suggest that biochar holds significant potential as a sustainable biomedical material, offering alternatives to conventional antibiotics, supporting cancer therapy, and enabling sensitive biosensing platforms. Future functionalization strategies may further facilitate its clinical translation and practical applications.","author":[{"family":"Min","given":"Ki"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Koung"},{"family":"Seo","given":"Joo"},{"family":"Pack","given":"Seung"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/biom15060760","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15060760","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409540589","type":"article-journal","title":"Rational Design of Carbon‐Based Electrocatalysts for H 2 O 2 Production by Machine Learning and Structural Engineering","abstract":"Abstract Electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) via two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e − ORR) represents an economically viable alternative to conventional anthraquinone processes. While noble metal catalysts have dominated this field, carbon‐based materials are emerging as promising alternatives due to their low cost, abundant reserves, and tunable properties. This mini‐review summarizes recent advances in computational methods, particularly the integration of density functional theory (DFT) with machine learning (ML), to accelerate the rational design of electrocatalysts by enabling rapid screening and structure‐training predictions. Meanwhile, the optimization strategies of carbon‐based electrocatalysts are systematically investigated, focusing on four key aspects: atomic‐level heterochromatic doping, defect engineering, microenvironment control, and morphological design. Despite significant progress in achieving high selectivity and activity, challenges remain in scaling these materials for industrial applications. Moving carbon‐based H 2 O 2 electrocatalysts will require multidisciplinary efforts combining advanced in situ characterization techniques, computational modeling, and process engineering to develop robust catalysts suitable for diverse operating conditions.","author":[{"family":"Ma","given":"Rong"},{"family":"Han","given":"Gao‐feng"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Li"},{"family":"Bu","given":"Yunfei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/aenm.202500953","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202500953","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414359768","type":"article-journal","title":"Impact of Panel Tilt Angle and Tracking Configuration on Solar PV and Energy Storage Capacity for a Carbon-Neutral Grid in Arizona","abstract":"Arizona has committed to reducing emissions by 50–52% by 2030 and achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, requiring major changes to its electricity infrastructure. This study develops a MATLAB model with hourly electricity load and solar insolation data to determine the solar PV and energy storage infrastructure required to replace all utility-scale non-renewable generation. Whereas PV tilt angle is typically optimized to maximize solar capture, this study instead links tilt and tracking configuration to land use, storage requirements, and total system cost to identify the optimal configuration. Results show that a 76 GWDC 0° fixed-tilt system requires ~0.15% (438 km2) of Arizona’s land to achieve a carbon-neutral grid. Increasing tilt decreases the land required to 287 km2 at 54° for fixed-tilt systems and 221 km2 at 65° for single-axis tracking systems. A minimum of 320 GWh of annual energy storage is required based on TMY solar insolation data, which increases to 430 GWh for the 2022 time synchronized analysis. A 0° fixed-tilt angle system with energy storage is the cheapest configuration at USD 218 billion. At this tilt, PV generation produces ~80,000 GWh of excess electricity annually, 47% of which could achieve 80% decarbonization across all sectors of the economy.","author":[{"family":"Nadeem","given":"Haider"},{"family":"Milcarek","given":"Ryan"},{"family":"Miller","given":"Clark"},{"family":"Stechel","given":"Ellen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18184974","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18184974","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408684210","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparison of dimple tube with flat plate collector for solar water heater by using carbon nanofluid","abstract":"Abstract Systems face challenges related to limited heat transfer efficiency and significant thermal losses, which reduce their overall performance. To address these issues, the proposed paper employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to model and simulate the performance of a solar water heater integrated with a dimple tube design. The CFD is an investigation of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics. The experimental results demonstrated that the CFD model achieves an analysis of collector efficiency ratio of 60.2%, an analysis of Nusselt number of 270, an analysis of friction factor of 0.31, and an analysis of the concerning pressure of 3.65.","author":[{"family":"Gopan","given":"Gokul"},{"family":"Arun","given":"M"},{"family":"Vembu","given":"Savithiri"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ijlct/ctaf043","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctaf043","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412170621","type":"article-journal","title":"Microbiological and Geochemical Perspectives on Sustainable Dihydrogen Storage in Deep Aquifers","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The successful integration of dihydrogen (H 2 ) as an energy vector relies on effective seasonal storage in underground facilities like deep aquifers. However, the viability of this storage remains uncertain due to the unclear behavior of indigenous microorganisms in the presence of H 2, which could influence the gas composition. While modeling can inform H 2 dynamics, reactor-scale experiments are needed for validation. In our study, we used a high-pressure reactor to simulate injecting 2% H 2 into a gas storage aquifer currently used for natural gas (CH 4, 1% CO 2 ), utilizing formation water and rock samples from the aquifer. Our research led to a kinetic model that analyzes the interactions among gas, water, rock, and microbial activities. We found that microorganisms consumed H 2 and caused alkalinization, which inhibited further microbial growth and respiration. This suggests that after an initial decrease in H 2 concentration, the gas storage may be stabilized in deep aquifers. Reducing CO 2 levels is vital as CO 2 can hinder alkalinization and enhance sulfate-reducing, methanogenic, and acetogenic activities. Notably, while H 2 -utilizing microorganisms were predominant, both methanogens and sulfate-reducers showed significant activity. Overall, our findings provide insights into the potential for underground H 2 storage in deep aquifers, guiding future research and energy storage applications.","author":[{"family":"Mura","given":"Jean"},{"family":"Ranchoupeyruse","given":"Magali"},{"family":"Guignard","given":"Marion"},{"family":"Ducousso","given":"Marion"},{"family":"Isaure","given":"Marie‐pierre"},{"family":"Sénéchal","given":"Pascale"},{"family":"Moonen","given":"Peter"},{"family":"Poulain","given":"Marie"},{"family":"Buriti","given":"Mateus"},{"family":"Petit","given":"Anélia"},{"family":"Chiquet","given":"Pierre"},{"family":"Caumette","given":"Guilhem"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.est.5c00955","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c00955","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409543922","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancing yeast metabolism for a sustainable single carbon bioeconomy","abstract":"Single carbon (C1) molecules are considered as valuable substrates for biotechnology, as they serve as intermediates of carbon dioxide recycling, and enable bio-based production of a plethora of substances of our daily use without relying on agricultural plant production. Yeasts are valuable chassis organisms for biotech production, and they are able to use C1 substrates either natively or as synthetic engineered strains. This minireview highlights native yeast pathways for methanol and formate assimilation, their engineering, and the realization of heterologous C1 pathways including CO2, in different yeast species. Key features determining the choice among C1 substrates are discussed, including their chemical nature and specifics of their assimilation, their availability, purity, and concentration as raw materials, as well as features of the products to be made from them.","author":[{"family":"Kuzman","given":"Miriam"},{"family":"Ata","given":"Özge"},{"family":"Mattanovich","given":"Diethard"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/femsyr/foaf020","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsyr/foaf020","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415477876","type":"article-journal","title":"Physically interpretable descriptors drive the materials design of metal hydrides for hydrogen storage","abstract":", whereas interstitial-type hydrides based on heavier electronegative transition metals show the opposite trend. Notably, beryllium (Be)-based systems, such as Be-Na alloys, emerge as rare candidates that simultaneously satisfy both performance metrics, attributed to the unique combination of light mass and high molar density for Be. Our models indicate that, while there remains room for improvement between the current state of solid-state hydrogen storage materials and the US-DOE targets, Be-based systems may offer renewed prospects for approaching these benchmarks. These results provide chemically intuitive guidelines for materials design and establish a scalable framework for the rational discovery of materials in complex chemical spaces. The methodology is broadly applicable and could serve as a template for data-driven exploration across other energy-relevant materials domains.","author":[{"family":"Jang","given":"Seong‐hoon"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Di"},{"family":"Tran","given":"Hung"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Xue"},{"family":"Konno","given":"Kiyoe"},{"family":"Sato","given":"Ryuhei"},{"family":"Orimo","given":"Shin‐ichi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5sc07296d","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sc07296d","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406124924","type":"article-journal","title":"Analysis of the LCA-Emergy and Carbon Emissions Sustainability Assessment of a Building System with Coupled Energy Storage Modules","abstract":"This paper uses a perspective of life cycle ecological emergy and carbon footprint to quantitatively verify the sustainable status of building systems; it also employs a neural network model to predict and analyze their long-term ecological and carbon footprint effects. The research results show that the stages of building material production and building operation play a major role in the emergy and carbon emissions of the entire building system, and their changes show an inverse trend. As the building system operates, the greater the system loss and consumption, the environmental load rate (ELR) will gradually increase, and the sustainability parameter (ESI) will also gradually decrease. The integration of energy storage modules significantly improves the sustainability of the building system. When calculated over five time periods (5 years, 10 years, 20 years, 30 years, and 50 years), the overall carbon emission reduction rates after adding the energy storage module are 39.4%, 33.6%, 39.2%, 42.5%, and 38.8% respectively, demonstrating that the energy storage module has a significant positive effect on the sustainability of the building system. This study reveals the energy efficiency and environmental impact of the building system throughout its entire life cycle, providing a scientific basis for optimizing building design.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Junxue"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Zhihong"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yingnan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15020151","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15020151","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125204895","type":"article-journal","title":"Pigou’s Advice and Sisyphus’ Warning: Carbon Pricing with Non-Permanent Carbon Dioxide Removal","abstract":"Abstract This paper develops a welfare and public economics perspective on optimal policies for carbon removal and storage (CDR) in permanent and non-permanent sinks. Non-permanent CDR reduces mitigation costs, even though the stored carbon is released into the atmosphere eventually. It may serve as bridge technology until permanent CDR becomes available. In contrast to permanent removals, non-permanent CDR does not reduce the optimal long-run temperature level. Its valuation differs from the social cost of carbon since a social cost of carbon removal arises from marginal damages caused by emissions released from non-permanent storage. We discuss three policy regimes that ensure optimal deployment of non-permanent CDR in terms of their informational and institutional requirements for monitoring, liability, and financing.","author":[{"family":"Franks","given":"Max"},{"family":"Gruner","given":"Friedemann"},{"family":"Kalkuhl","given":"Matthias"},{"family":"Lessmann","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Edenhofer","given":"Ottmar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s10640-025-01060-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-025-01060-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410205564","type":"article-journal","title":"Electrification in Maritime Vessels: Reviewing Storage Solutions and Long-Term Energy Management","abstract":"Electric and hybrid marine vessels are marking a new phase of eco-friendly maritime transport, combining electricity and traditional propulsion to boost efficiency and reduce emissions. The industry’s advancements in charging infrastructure and strict regulations help these vessels lead the way toward a sustainable and economically viable future in shipping. In this review, electric and hybrid marine vessels are discussed, including past applications and trend demonstrations. This paper systematically analyzes maritime vessels’ energy management and battery systems, highlighting advances in lithium-based and alternative battery technologies. Additionally, the review examines the impact of these technologies on sustainability and operational efficiency in the maritime industry. This paper contributes to the field by presenting a holistic view of the challenges and solutions associated with the electrification of maritime vessels, aiming to inform future developments and policymaking in this dynamic sector. Unlike many existing reviews that focus exclusively on battery chemistries or energy management algorithms, this manuscript integrates multiple aspects of maritime electrification—including propulsion types, charging infrastructure, grid systems (MVDC), EMS, BMS, and AI applications—into one cohesive systems-level review. This cross-sectional integration is particularly rare in the literature and enhances the practical value of the review for designers, policymakers, and shipbuilders.","author":[{"family":"Aksöz","given":"Ahmet"},{"family":"Asal","given":"Burçak"},{"family":"Golestan","given":"Saeed"},{"family":"Gençtürk","given":"Merve"},{"family":"Oyucu","given":"Saadin"},{"family":"Biçer","given":"Emre"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/app15105259","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app15105259","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415218659","type":"article-journal","title":"Forecasting Carbon Prices: A Literature Review","abstract":"ABSTRACT Carbon emissions trading is utilized by a growing number of states as a significant tool for addressing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), global warming problem and the climate crisis. Accurate forecasting of carbon prices is essential for effective policy design and investment strategies in climate change mitigation. This review paper synthesizes recent advancements in carbon price forecasting models, examining time series methods, econometric approaches, and machine learning techniques, including neural networks and Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) models. By systematically presenting and comparing these methods, we identify key strengths and limitations, particularly highlighting the superior performance of advanced machine learning models in capturing nonlinear patterns and market complexities. Our review also explores innovative hybrid approaches, which address both short‐ and long‐term dynamics in carbon price trends.","author":[{"family":"Bisiotis","given":"Konstantinos"},{"family":"Christopoulos","given":"Dimitris"},{"family":"Tzougas","given":"George"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/for.70054","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/for.70054","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413446983","type":"article-journal","title":"Expert opinions regarding the concept of blue carbon in seaweed systems","abstract":"SUMMARY A collection of expert opinions critically evaluates the role of seaweed in blue carbon strategies for climate change mitigation. While the concept of fast‐growing seaweed to capture atmospheric carbon is appealing, the experts largely agree that its potential for direct, long‐term carbon sequestration is currently overstated and faces significant challenges. One primary limitation is that most farmed seaweed is used for food or other products that quickly decompose, releasing the captured carbon back into the atmosphere. Additionally, only a small fraction of seaweed biomass is sequestered in long‐term storage sinks like deep‐sea sediments. Furthermore, the process of monitoring, reporting, and verification for seaweed‐based carbon dioxide removal is complex and currently lacks accurate tools. More importantly, quantifying the net climate benefit is complicated by life cycle emissions from farming and processing, which can offset carbon gains. Some experts suggest a more viable climate benefit lies in using seaweed to reduce emissions by substituting for products with higher carbon footprints. Socio‐economic initiatives like the blue carbon crediting scheme in Japan show a path forward, where credits are purchased to support local communities and conservation, suggesting value beyond pure carbon offsetting. The consensus is that while seaweed farming offers substantial benefits for food security and coastal ecosystems, its most realistic contribution to climate action is through indirect emission reduction, not large‐scale carbon removal. A rigorous, science‐based approach is essential to avoid hype and ensure sustainable development.","author":[{"family":"Nishihara","given":"Gregory"},{"family":"Sato","given":"Yoichi"},{"family":"Eger","given":"Aaron"},{"family":"Gallagher","given":"John"},{"family":"Hurd","given":"Catriona"},{"family":"Kawai","given":"Hiroshi"},{"family":"Kuwae","given":"Tomohiro"},{"family":"Pessarrodona","given":"Albert"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/pre.70009","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pre.70009","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411618858","type":"article-journal","title":"Coconut Residue-Derived Nanoporous Carbon via Hydrothermal Carbonization for Nanoporous Carbon-Based Supercapacitor Electrodes","abstract":"The increasing demand for sustainable and cost-effective energy storage solutions has driven interest in biomass-derived carbon materials for supercapacitor electrodes. This study explores the valorization of coconut residue (CR), an abundant agricultural waste, as a carbon precursor for nanoporous carbon (NPC) production. NPC was synthesized via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of CR, followed by chemical activation using potassium hydroxide (KOH) at varying temperatures (700, 800, and 900 °C). The effects of activation temperature on the structure and electrochemical performance of the NPC were systematically investigated. The activated materials exhibited amorphous, highly porous structures, with surface areas increasing alongside activation temperature—reaching a maximum of 1969 m2 g−1 at 900 °C. Electrochemical characterization was conducted using a three-electrode setup through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) in a 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. The sample activated at 900 °C with a CR:KOH weight ratio of 1:2.5 achieved the highest specific capacitance of 52 F g−1 at a specific current of 1 A g−1. These findings underscore the potential of CR as a low-cost and sustainable raw material for fabricating efficient electrode materials in energy storage applications.","author":[{"family":"Ruenroengrit","given":"Kemchat"},{"family":"Kunyuan","given":"Jumpon"},{"family":"Ruttanadech","given":"Nuttapong"},{"family":"Kaewtrakulchai","given":"Napat"},{"family":"Puengjinda","given":"Pramote"},{"family":"Chaiammart","given":"Nattapat"},{"family":"Chutipaijit","given":"Sutee"},{"family":"Buasri","given":"Achanai"},{"family":"Fuji","given":"Masayoshi"},{"family":"Eiadua","given":"Apiluck"},{"family":"Panomsuwan","given":"Gasidit"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/polym17131752","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17131752","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416782530","type":"article-journal","title":"Decoding Hard Carbon Microstructure for Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries","abstract":"Abstract Hard carbon is a promising anode material for fast‐charging lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to its abundant lithium‐ion storage sites, short ion diffusion pathways, and tunable microstructure. However, challenges such as an unclear lithium‐ion storage mechanism, low initial Coulombic efficiency, and poor cycling stability hinder its practical application in high‐rate LIBs. To the end, this review decodes fundamental structure–performance relationships between hard carbon microstructure and its fast‐charging behavior, aiming to elucidate the underlying lithium‐ion storage mechanisms. The influence of precursor materials on microstructure is discussed first and the proposed lithium‐ion storage mechanisms are summarized. Next, the key bottlenecks limiting fast‐charging performance are analyzed and state‐of‐the‐art design strategies, including optimization of active sites, enhancement of ion/electron transport, and solid electrolyte interface engineering are summarized. Furthermore, the unique role of the isotropic and cross‐linked structure of hard carbon in mitigating volume expansion is highlighted, which can also improve the fast‐charging capability of other anode materials. Finally, future research directions to accelerate the commercialization of hard carbon for high‐performance fast‐charging LIBs are outlined. This review offers valuable insights and guidance for advancing hard carbon anodes and next‐generation energy storage technologies.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Lian"},{"family":"Li","given":"Fan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Bai","given":"Zheng‐shuai"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yanyan"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Yuxin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202519895","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202519895","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415564880","type":"article-journal","title":"Biochar Enhances Soil Organic Carbon by Stabilizing Microbial Necromass Carbon in Saline–Alkaline Topsoil","abstract":"Soil salinization threatens soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. Although microbial necromass carbon (MNC) is crucial for SOC formation and stability, how biochar affects MNC in saline–alkaline soils remains unclear. This study assessed the impact of biochar amendment (0, 10, 20, and 30 t ha−1) on SOC and MNC dynamics in saline–alkaline soils cultivated with Arundo donax cv. Lvzhou No. 1 across tillering, jointing, and maturity stages. Biochar amendment significantly enhanced SOC and the soil C/N ratio, with the highest dose (30 t ha−1) raising SOC by 47.21% at jointing and 34.64% at maturity. Biochar significantly increased MNC at all growth stages, with increases ranging from 22.74% to 30.81%. From the jointing to the maturity stage, SOC exhibited a decline (20.03 to 27.77%), in contrast to the minimal change in MNC (–6.37% to 9.80%). This divergent trend consequently led to a peak in the MNC/SOC ratio at maturity. It directly demonstrates the relative stability of MNC and indicates its role as a persistent carbon reservoir within the topsoil. Biochar also elevated soil pH and nutrient availability, which reshaped microbial community structure and enhanced bacterial diversity. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that biochar facilitates MNC accumulation directly and indirectly by modifying soil chemical properties and thereby enhancing microbial diversity. These findings show that biochar enhances stable SOC storage in saline–alkaline soils primarily through the formation and stabilization of microbial necromass, thus revealing its potential for climate change mitigation.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Yiying"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Haodong"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Rongkang"},{"family":"Ge","given":"Zhiwei"},{"family":"Miao","given":"Zimei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/agronomy15112472","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15112472","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125516629","type":"article-journal","title":"Metal–Organic Frameworks for Gaseous Pollutant Management: From Capture to Neutralization and Reutilization","abstract":"ABSTRACT The management of hazardous pollutants remains a critical environmental and public health challenge, necessitating innovative materials capable of efficient capture, neutralization, and potential reutilization. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), with their tunable porosity, chemical versatility, and functional modularity, have emerged as promising platforms for addressing these demands. This review discusses recent advancements in MOF‐based strategies for managing a range of priority pollutants, including chemical warfare agents (CWAs), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), ammonia (NH 3 ), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). For each pollutant class, we start with the discussion of emission sources, environmental impacts, and key challenges associated with their mitigation. In‐depth insights are subsequently provided into MOF‐based strategies for pollutant capture under practical conditions, neutralization (detoxification) to harmless substances, and reutilization through conversion into value‐added products, offering a pathway toward sustainable development goals. By bridging pollutant capture, neutralization, and reutilization, this review establishes a comprehensive framework for advancing MOF‐based materials toward sustainable pollutant management.","author":[{"family":"Tian","given":"Yuanmeng"},{"family":"Tao","given":"Zeyu"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Kaikai"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiaoliang"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Yip","given":"Yiu"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhijie"},{"family":"Shang","given":"Jin"},{"family":"Fei","given":"Bin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202531945","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202531945","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7138853963","type":"article-journal","title":"Earthworms Enhance Global Soil Carbon Storage Through Microbial–Mineral Stabilization","abstract":"Earthworms play a dual role in the global carbon cycle: they accelerate organic matter decomposition yet are often associated with greater soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. However, uncertainty regarding the mechanisms and magnitudes through which earthworms concurrently influence SOC mineralization and stabilization has limited the integration of soil fauna into carbon models. Here, we synthesize 696 paired observations from 122 studies worldwide to resolve this uncertainty. On average, earthworms increase SOC by 5.4% (95% CI: 2.2%-9.1%), with effects strengthening over time under sustained plant-derived carbon inputs. Earthworms enhance mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) by 21.2%, while particulate organic carbon (POC) remains unchanged. These patterns suggest that earthworm activity promotes a transition from short-term carbon mineralization to long-term stabilization, likely mediated by the coupling of microbial processing and physical protection. Specifically, epigeic earthworms boost microbial biomass carbon, whereas endogeic species enhance macroaggregate formation, facilitating the incorporation of microbial necromass into MAOC. The magnitude and direction of these effects depend on sustained carbon inputs and earthworm functional type. Collectively, these results reconcile decades of conflicting evidence and provide the first quantitative global synthesis showing that earthworms increased soil carbon over time under sustained plant carbon inputs. This microbial-mineral formation pathway has direct implications for climate-smart land management, soil biodiversity conservation, and the representation of earthworm bioturbation in global carbon models.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Yuanyuan"},{"family":"Liao","given":"Jiahui"},{"family":"Reich","given":"Peter"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Jiajie"},{"family":"Ni","given":"Juanping"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Tingting"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Guobing"},{"family":"Zou","given":"Xiaoming"},{"family":"Ruan","given":"Honghua"},{"family":"Chen","given":"HYH"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1111/gcb.70815","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70815","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412507931","type":"article-journal","title":"Phenylenediamine‐Derived Carbon Dots for Carbon‐Based Supercapacitors","abstract":"In the present investigation, multicolor fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are produced using meta (m‐PD), ortho (o‐PD), and para (p‐PD) phenylenediamine isomers as precursors. These CDs display bright and stable green, yellow, and red fluorescence under ultraviolet light excitation, with variations in photoluminescence emissions attributed to differences in particle size and bandgap. The CDs from o‐PD, m‐PD, and p‐PD are thoroughly characterized using techniques such as UV–vis spectroscopy, fluorescence emission spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, a zeta sizer, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. As electrode materials in a two‐electrode system for symmetric supercapacitors, the performance of CDs is examined, revealing that m‐PD‐derived CDs (m‐CDs) exhibit superior electrochemical properties. Specifically, m‐CDs achieve a specific capacitance of 72.3 F g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 , an energy density of 1.00 Wh kg −1 , and a power density of 9.41 kW kg −1 . The enhanced performance of m‐CDs is attributed to an increase in electropositivity and faster electron mobility associated with smaller particle sizes. This research highlights the potential of utilizing PD‐derived CDs to enhance the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors, demonstrating significant advancements in energy storage technology.","author":[{"family":"Çolak","given":"Melis"},{"family":"Güngör","given":"Ahmet"},{"family":"Çolak","given":"Süleyman"},{"family":"Genç","given":"Rükan"},{"family":"Erdem","given":"Emre"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/batt.202500364","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/batt.202500364","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407146971","type":"article-journal","title":"A Long‐Life Zinc‐Bromine Single‐Flow Battery Utilizing Trimethylsulfoxonium Bromide as Complexing Agent","abstract":"Abstract Aqueous zinc‐bromine single‐flow batteries (ZBSFBs) are highly promising for distributed energy storage systems due to their safety, low cost, and relatively high energy density. However, the limited operational lifespan of ZBSFBs poses a significant barrier to their large‐scale commercial viability. Here, trimethylsulfoxonium bromide (TMSO), a nonquaternary ammonium salt, is introduced as a bromine complexing agent to extend the cycle life of ZBSFBs by reducing the imbalance of active substances. Benefiting from the strong interaction between TMSO and H 2 O, the hydrogen evolution reaction is notably suppressed compared with the traditional N‐ethyl‐N‐methyl‐pyrrolidinium bromide (MEP) complexing agent, resulting in reduced bromine accumulation at the cathode. The resultant solid polybromide‐TMSO complex, featuring rapid electrochemical redox reaction of Br 2 /Br − , further contributes to reduce the residual bromine. Consequently, the ZBSFB with TMSO demonstrates a longer lifespan of 1500 cycles with a higher average energy efficiency (EE) of ≈81.6% than that with MEP (less than 300 cycles with an average EE of ≈80.2%). This research explores a sulfonium complexing agent and provides a feasible strategy to effectively extend the cycle life of ZBSFBs.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Tianyu"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Congxin"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Yanbin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xianfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smtd.202401434","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202401434","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414613894","type":"article-journal","title":"Energy storage in the energy transition and blue economy: challenges, innovations, future perspectives, and educational pathways","abstract":"Abstract Transitioning to renewable energy is vital to achieving decarbonization at the global level, but energy storage is still a major challenge. This review discusses the role of energy storage in the energy transition and the blue economy, focusing on technological development, challenges, and directions. Effective storage is vital for balancing intermittent renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and marine energy with the power grid. The development of battery technologies, hydrogen storage, pumped hydro storage, and emerging technologies like sodium-ion and metal-air batteries is discussed for their potential for large-scale deployment. Shortages in critical raw materials, environmental impact, energy loss, and costs are some of the challenges to large-scale deployment. The blue economy promises opportunities for offshore energy storage, notably through ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) and compressed air energy storage (CAES). Moreover, the capacity of data-driven optimization and artificial intelligence to enhance storage efficiency is discussed. Policy interventions and economic incentives are necessary to spur the development and deployment of sustainable energy storage technology. Education and workforce training are also important in cultivating future researchers, engineers, and policymakers with the ability to drive energy innovation. Merging sustainability training with an interdisciplinary approach can potentially establish an efficient workforce that is capable of addressing energy issues. Future work needs to focus on higher energy density, efficiency, recyclability, and cost-effectiveness of the storage technologies without sacrificing their environmental sustainability. The study underlines the need for converging technological, economic, and educational approaches to enable a sustainable and resilient energy future.","author":[{"family":"Bordin","given":"Chiara"},{"family":"Hridoy","given":"Md"},{"family":"Pathan","given":"Md"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Sabina"},{"family":"Lima","given":"MFNT"},{"family":"Rahim","given":"Md"},{"family":"Mim","given":"Tonima"},{"family":"David","given":"Gift"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Md"},{"family":"Masood","given":"A"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"SMM"},{"family":"Baki","given":"Azeez"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s42452-025-07720-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-025-07720-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7119883043","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrated monitoring and lifecycle assessment of green hydrogen, ammonia, and synthetic fuels: Advancing environmental sustainability and carbon traceability in the clean energy transition","abstract":"Abstract Decarbonizing the global energy system requires clean fuel pathways that are low carbon at the point of use and sustainable throughout their lifecycles. This review compares green hydrogen (H 2 ), green ammonia (NH 3 ), and synthetic electrofuels (e‐fuels). It focuses on integrating advanced monitoring technologies and standardized life‐cycle assessment (LCA) frameworks. We critically examine contemporary monitoring techniques, including Raman spectroscopy, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), fiber‐optic sensing, and AI‐enabled digital twins with SCADA systems. Their effectiveness is assessed for leak detection, fuel quality, emissions quantification, and operational safety across production, storage, transport, and end‐use phases. A synthesized cradle‐to‐grave and well‐to‐wheel LCA, consistent with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14040 and ISO 14044 standards, quantifies environmental performance and shows key sources of variability among the three energy carriers. The literature shows greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction potentials from about 70% to 98%, depending on electricity carbon intensity, production pathways, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) sourcing, and system boundary definitions. H 2 offers the greatest decarbonization potential for industrial and grid‐scale applications. NH 3 is useful for long‐distance transport and seasonal energy storage. E‐fuels, though less energy‐efficient, help facilitate near‐term adoption in hard‐to‐electrify sectors like aviation and maritime transport. Combining operational monitoring data with life‐cycle carbon accounting enables transparent, certification‐ready sustainability governance that aligns with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 7, 9, and 13.","author":[{"family":"Srinivasan","given":"Senthil"},{"family":"Jayaraman","given":"Srinivas"},{"family":"Sekar","given":"Bharani"},{"family":"Rajendran","given":"Ashok"},{"family":"Jayabal","given":"Ravikumar"},{"family":"Prabhakar","given":"Prajith"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ep.70328","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70328","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406694517","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Advancements of Niobium and Tantalum‐Based Materials: From Design Engineering to Energy Storage Applications","abstract":"Abstract Niobium (Nb) and tantalum (Ta), transition metals with distinct physical and chemical properties, are highly attractive for applications in electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices. Their oxides, dichalcogenides, and MXenes demonstrate significant potential due to effective ion‐diffusion channels and high theoretical capacity. Particularly, Nb‐based dichalcogenides and MXenes offer enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors (SCs) applications because of their layered structure. However, the tendency of Nb chalcogenides and Nb‐MXene layers to aggregate or restack impedes electrolyte penetration, diminishing coulombic efficiency and capacity. Moreover, Nb‐ and Ta‐based oxides have intrinsically low electrical conductivity and a slow Li intercalation rate, challenging their application in energy storage devices. To address these issues, strategies such as hierarchical structuring, heteroatom doping, and the development of porous or nanoscale forms, as well as composites incorporating carbon or conductive polymers, have been explored. This review summarizes the impacts of various synthesis techniques, crystal structures, and morphological tunings on the electrochemical properties of Nb and Ta materials in LIBs and SCs and outlines the future directions for enhancing their performance in EES applications.","author":[{"family":"Worku","given":"Yared"},{"family":"Sikeyi","given":"Ludwe"},{"family":"Olaleru","given":"Akin"},{"family":"Dolla","given":"Tarekegn"},{"family":"Palaniyandy","given":"Nithyadharseni"},{"family":"Mathe","given":"Mkhulu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/slct.202405649","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202405649","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406247296","type":"article-journal","title":"Afforestation/Reforestation and Avoided Conversion Carbon Projects in the United States","abstract":"Voluntary carbon markets (VCMs) are gaining momentum as a strategy for climate change mitigation through forest carbon offset (FCO) projects in the United States (US). Despite this, few studies have examined the carbon storage performance and co-benefits associated with FCO projects, including afforestation/reforestation (A/R) and avoided conversion (AC). This study examines the current status of all existing A/R, AC, and avoided grassland conversion (AGC) projects registered within the VCM in the US. Using data from public carbon offset registries, we focus our analysis on the geographical and ownership distributions, project size, issued and retired credits, and co-benefits generated by these project types. Results showed a significant concentration of FCO projects in southern and western states, with 168,253 acres in Arkansas, 71,105 acres in Montana, and 42,857 acres in Colorado. Regarding project ownership, approximately 60% of all projects were owned by private companies and individuals or families. Analysis of offset credits by vintage period revealed that A/R projects generate a higher volume of both issued and retired credits compared to AC and AGC projects. Additionally, content analysis indicated that A/R projects provide a greater number of environmental and socioeconomic co-benefits than their AC and AGC counterparts. The findings from this study can improve our understanding of markets for forest-based ecosystem services and provide valuable insights for program administrators and policymakers to inform the decisions surrounding climate investments.","author":[{"family":"Cho","given":"SN"},{"family":"Baral","given":"Srijana"},{"family":"Burlakoti","given":"Dhruba"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/f16010115","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f16010115","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412384166","type":"article-journal","title":"Global patterns of soil organic carbon distribution in the 20–100 cm soil profile for different ecosystems: a global meta-analysis","abstract":"Abstract. Determining the distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) in subsoil (20–100 cm depth) is important with respect to the global C cycle and warming mitigation. However, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the spatiotemporal dynamics of SOC within this layer. By integrating traditional depth functions with machine learning approaches, we quantified soil β values, which represent the relative rate of decline in SOC density with depth, and provided high-resolution assessments of SOC dynamics across global ecosystems, including cropland, grassland, and forestland. The estimated subsoil SOC densities were 62 Mg ha−1 (95 % CI: 52–73) for cropland, 70 Mg ha−1 (95 % CI: 57–83) for grassland, and 97 Mg ha−1 (95 % CI: 80–117) for forestland. SOC density exhibited a consistent decline with depth, ranging from 30 to 5 Mg ha−1 in cropland, 32 to 7 Mg ha−1 in grassland, and 40 to 13 Mg ha−1 in forestland, across 20 cm depth increments from 20 to 100 cm. The estimated global subsoil SOC stock was 803 Pg C, with cropland, grassland, and forestland contributing 74, 181, and 547 Pg C, respectively. On average, 57 % of this carbon was stored within the top 0–100 cm of the soil profile. This study provides information on the vertical distribution and spatial patterns of SOC density at a 10 km resolution across global ecosystems, providing a scientific basis for future studies pertaining to Earth system models. The dataset is open-access and is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15019078 (Wang et al., 2025).","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Haiyan"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Tingyao"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Xingshuai"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhong"},{"family":"He","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zihan"},{"family":"Gong","given":"Haiqing"},{"family":"Miao","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yingcheng"},{"family":"Chu","given":"Yiyan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Qingsong"},{"family":"Zhuang","given":"Minghao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5194/essd-17-3375-2025","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3375-2025","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409759317","type":"article-journal","title":"CO2 geological storage site selection and long-term potential assessment framework based on TOUGH2/ECO2N","abstract":"Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technology is considered a crucial tactic for achieving the \"dual carbon\" goals. However, current CCS technologies face several challenges, such as the absence of a comprehensive and systematic set of criteria for site selection, coupled with the lack of a universally applicable evaluation framework.To address these issues, this study proposes a regional-scale CO2 geological storage suitability assessment and potential estimation framework that can be adapted to similar regions. Using the Yellow River Delta as a case study, a geological storage site selection indicator system was developed, and a model for assessing site suitability was constructed.The model was employed to evaluate the appropriateness of CO2 geological sequestration sites within the study region, and numerical simulations of CO2 storage were performed utilizing the TOUGH2/ECO2N simulator for prospective target zones. This research examines the migration dynamics of CO2 in saline aquifers, the progression of storage mechanisms, and the carbon sequestration capacity of various storage configurations. The research addresses key questions such as: How can the optimal CO2 geological storage target area be selected? How can the best storage strategy matching the target area be determined? How can the migration and distribution characteristics of CO2 after storage be simulated? Are there potential risks in the future?","author":[{"family":"Sun","given":"Wenjie"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Wen"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Shunli"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Gang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"CP"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Xiaodong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321715","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321715","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412753859","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent trends in supercapacitor technology; basics, history, fabrications, classifications and their application in energy storage materials","abstract":"Abstract Supercapacitors (SCs), also known as ultracapacitors or electrochemical capacitors, have attracted significant attention as promising energy storage devices due to their superior power density, rapid charge-discharge capability, and long cycle life. This review comprehensively discusses the recent advancements in supercapacitor technology, focusing on the development of novel electrode materials, electrolytes, device designs, and fabrication methods. Particular emphasis is placed on carbon-based materials, metal oxides, conducting polymers, and their hybrid composites, which have shown remarkable improvements in specific capacitance and stability. Additionally, the role of advanced electrolytes, including ionic liquids and gel polymer electrolytes, in enhancing the energy and power density of SCs is explored. The integration of hybrid supercapacitor systems, combining EDLCs and pseudocapacitors, is also highlighted for their potential to overcome the limitations of conventional capacitors and batteries. This review aims to provide valuable insights into the current progress, emerging trends, and future directions for improving the performance and practical applicability of supercapacitors in real-world energy storage applications.","author":[{"family":"Aslam","given":"Humaira"},{"family":"Umar","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Misbah"},{"family":"Trivedi","given":"Tapankumar"},{"family":"Ganesan","given":"Ezhilarasan"},{"family":"Bhanot","given":"Deepak"},{"family":"Abbas","given":"Numan"},{"family":"Fawy","given":"Khaled"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1515/revic-2025-0007","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2025-0007","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415117767","type":"article-journal","title":"Coordinated Active–Reactive Power Scheduling of Battery Energy Storage in AC Microgrids for Reducing Energy Losses and Carbon Emissions","abstract":"This paper presents an optimization-based scheduling strategy for battery energy storage systems (BESS) in alternating current microgrids, considering both grid-connected and islanded operation. The study addresses two independent objectives: minimizing energy losses in the distribution network and reducing carbon dioxide emissions from dispatchable power sources. The problem is formulated using a full AC power flow model that simultaneously manages active and reactive power flows in BESS located in the microgrid, while enforcing detailed operational constraints for network components, generation units, and storage systems. To solve it, a parallel implementation of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PPSO) algorithm is applied. The PPSO is integrated into the objective functions and evaluated through a 24-h scheduling horizon, incorporating a strict penalty scheme to guarantee compliance with technical and operational limits. The proposed method generates coordinated charging and discharging plans for multiple BESS units, ensuring voltage stability, current limits, and optimal reactive power support in both operating modes. Tests are conducted on a 33-node benchmark microgrid that represents the power demand and generation from Medellín, Colombia. This is compared with two methodologies reported in the literature: Parallel Crow Search and Parallel JAYA optimizer. The results demonstrate that the strategy produces robust schedules across objectives, identifies the most critical network elements for monitoring, and maintains safe operation without compromising performance. This framework offers a practical and adaptable tool for microgrid energy management, capable of aligning technical reliability with environmental goals in diverse operational scenarios.","author":[{"family":"Sanín-Villa","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Grisales-Noreña","given":"Luis"},{"family":"Montoya","given":"Oscar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/sci7040147","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci7040147","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407750115","type":"article-journal","title":"Understanding the embodied carbon credentials of modern methods of construction","abstract":"This study assesses the embodied carbon credentials of modern methods of construction (MMC) by conducting a critical literature review and synthesis of the findings. While several studies have reviewed the broader impacts of MMC, no other study to date has comprehensively reviewed the embodied carbon credentials of this construction typology. Since MMC is not an internationally recognised term, the assessment is inclusive of other terminology used in different parts of the world – e.g. prefabrication, off-site construction and industrialised construction. The study captures 250 separate studies and distils these to a final sample set of 41 studies and a total of 82 case study comparisons. Although a general perception exists that the adoption of MMC results in embodied carbon savings, the evidence to support this claim is not robust. The results from individual case studies range significantly in both direction and magnitude, and, in the absence of a critical review, considerably different conclusions can be drawn. Upon critique and synthesis of the published studies, it is found that the adoption of MMC has no significant positive, or negative, impact on the embodied carbon of a building. Policy relevance MMC have been widely cited as the answer to housing shortages and productivity issues in the construction industry more broadly. They have subsequently attracted political attention and implementation in many regions. Embodied carbon is another topic of continued debate in built environment policy. There is a somewhat hopeful assumption that the adoption of MMC will reduce embodied carbon. But, to date, the evidence to arrive at that assumption has been inconsistent. The literature that compares MMC with traditional construction varies considerably. It is found that there is no broad link between MMC and reduced embodied carbon. Reducing the embodied carbon of buildings requires assessment on a case-by-case basis.","author":[{"family":"Ohegarty","given":"Richard"},{"family":"Mccarthy","given":"Aislinn"},{"family":"Ohagan","given":"Jack"},{"family":"Thanapornpakornsin","given":"Thanat"},{"family":"Raffoul","given":"Samar"},{"family":"Kinnane","given":"Oliver"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5334/bc.515","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.515","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409689204","type":"article-journal","title":"Biomimetic Approaches for Renewable Energy and Carbon Neutrality: Advancing Nature‐Inspired Approaches for Sustainable Development","abstract":"ABSTRACT As global non‐renewable energy sources depletes, achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 has become an urgent international priority, as outlined in the Paris Agreement. Renewable energy transition demands environmentally sustainable, economically viable, and energy‐efficient innovations. Thus, biomimetic architecture, devices, structures, and materials, drawing design inspiration from natural systems, emerge as promising players in addressing energy and climate issues within urban environments. This review critically analyzes 126 publications on biomimetic research in sustainable energy (2010–2024), selected from 188 sources screened across major databases using targeted keywords. By integrating human ingenuity with natural systems, biomimetic approaches offer sustainable strategies for energy efficiency and climate resilience. However, significant challenges remain, including high investment prices, industrial change, and insufficient international collaboration, hence coordinated global efforts are needed to implement integrated policies, foster innovation, and enhance international cooperation in order to achieve carbon neutrality. Biomimetic approaches show significant potential for building a more sustainable and climate‐resilient future.","author":[{"family":"Han","given":"Wen"},{"family":"Banat","given":"Fawzi"},{"family":"Taher","given":"Hanifa"},{"family":"Chia","given":"Wen"},{"family":"Show","given":"Pau"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/sd.3436","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.3436","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407433296","type":"article-journal","title":"Design of Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes for CO 2 Capture Using a Generative AI-Based Approach","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Growing urgency to address climate change has accelerated the development of efficient carbon capture technologies. However, traditional approaches to design materials for CO 2 capture are often hindered by time-consuming and costly experimental processes. This study investigates the application of generative AI, specifically a conditional variational autoencoder (CVAE), to accelerate the discovery and design of supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs) for enhanced CO 2 capture. By leveraging a limited experimental data set, our CVAE model generates and predicts a large number of synthetic SILM candidates, significantly reducing the need for extensive trial-and-error experiments. The SILMs with predicted CO 2 capture capacity are then selected for synthesis and experimental evaluation. The experimental results indicate that the model demonstrates strong predictive accuracy, showing close agreement between predicted and measured values. This AI-driven approach offers a cost-effective and efficient pathway to rapidly explore vast design spaces, potentially revolutionizing the development of advanced materials for carbon capture.","author":[{"family":"Ismail","given":"Sarang"},{"family":"Safari","given":"Habibollah"},{"family":"Bavarian","given":"Mona"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03280","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03280","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413279857","type":"article-journal","title":"Spatiotemporal variation and driving forces of carbon storage in the Fuhe river basin, China","abstract":"The relationship between land use change and regional carbon storage is closely linked. Understanding how land use changes affect regional carbon storage is crucial for maintaining the carbon balance of ecosystems. This study integrated the advantages of the PLUS model, the InVEST model, and the optimal parameter-based geographic detector (OPGD) models to analyze the spatiotemporal variation in land use patterns and carbon storage in the Fuhe River Basin under three scenarios in 2030, and analyze the driving forces of the spatial differentiation of carbon storage. The results show that the following: (1) From 1980 to 2020, the areas of water and construction land in the Fuhe River Basin increased by 28.08 km² and 217.65 km², respectively, while the areas of cultivated land, woodland, grassland, and unused land decreased by 115.33 km², 112.79 km², 88.79 km², and 1.36 km², respectively. (2) Between 1980 and 2020, the total carbon storage in the Fuhe River Basin showed a decreasing trend, with a reduction of 20.39 × 10 5 t. The main drivers of this decline were the reduction in woodland area and the expansion of construction land. (3) By 2030, carbon storage is projected to continue decreasing under all three scenarios, with the ecological protection scenario showing the most pronounced mitigating effect on the reduction of carbon storage. (4) The spatial differentiation of carbon storage in the Fuhe River Basin is influenced by various factors, including land use intensity, NDVI, elevation, and slope, with land use intensity having the strongest explanatory power, reaching 0.24. This study offers policymakers valuable insights for optimizing ecosystem carbon storage and provides essential guidance for achieving the “dual carbon” goals.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Ziwei"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Longsong"},{"family":"Yi","given":"Chaolu"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Shiyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-14518-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14518-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413305544","type":"article-journal","title":"Tailored Metal-Doped Activated Carbon Adsorbents Exhibiting High-Capacity, Selective, and Reversible Hydrogen Storage at Room Temperature","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Storage is one of the main challenges that hinders the wide implementation of hydrogen as a fuel. Focusing on storage at room temperature conditions, metal-decorated activated carbon adsorbents were prepared here by in situ deposition employing three different metals, namely Pd, Pt, and Li, and were comparatively evaluated with respect to hydrogen capacity, kinetics, reversibility, and selective adsorption over N 2, CO 2, CH 4, and O 2 . The developed metal–AC adsorbents showed competitive storage capacities at room temperature, following the order of Li-AC > Pt-AC > Pd-AC > unmodified AC. Li-AC was the best performing system at 298 K, exhibiting a capacity of 1.44 and 2.06 wt % at 3 and 13 bar, respectively, which were more than 6-fold higher than that of the unmodified AC and among the highest performance values reported in the literature for room temperature storage. Notably, H 2 /CH 4 and H 2 /N 2 selectivities were 17.6 and 62.6, respectively, at 500 mbar, along with enhanced kinetics and complete reversibility at room temperature upon repeated charge/discharge PSA cycles up to 3 bar. The latter is mainly attributed to the polarization-induced physical interactions of molecular hydrogen with the dispersed Li, rather than chemical interactions by dissociative chemisorption (spillover) or hydride-based binding that dominate the transition metal, Pd-AC and Pt-AC, analogues.","author":[{"family":"Varghese","given":"Anish"},{"family":"Reddy","given":"KSK"},{"family":"Tsatsos","given":"Sotirios"},{"family":"Kyriakou","given":"Georgios"},{"family":"Alamoodi","given":"Nahla"},{"family":"Karanikolos","given":"Georgios"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c02269","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c02269","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406241847","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Credits Through Wood Use: Revisiting the Maximum Potential and Sensitivity to Key Assumptions","abstract":"ABSTRACT Wood use generates technosphere carbon credits (TCCs) through avoided fossil‐based emissions and net sequestration of carbon into the technosphere (harvested wood products and geological storage). We investigated how large and uncertain TCCs of wood use per carbon harvested are considering the current and alternative ways of using wood, and the effects of the decarbonization of societies over 25‐, 50‐, and 100‐year time horizons. We applied stochastic simulation and scenario analysis using Finnish market structure as a baseline to demonstrate the use of the TCC calculator created. The mean value of TCCs of wood use were between 0.2 and 0.5 tC/tC with an uncertainty range from 0.1 to 0.8 tC/tC, depending on the scenario. The uncertainties were mainly concerned with the extent to which (1) fossil‐based emissions are avoided through substitution (displacement factors) and (2) fossil‐based raw materials are substituted (substitution rates). Assumptions on the decarbonization of societies reduced TCCs of wood use significantly over time. TCCs of wood use can be increased by directing wood into uses that substitute fossil‐intensive materials and have a long lifetime, such as construction materials, and increasing energy recovery and avoiding emitting carbon at the end of life of harvested wood products by carbon capture and storage. However, they were very likely to be considerably lower than forest carbon debits resulting from harvesting additional wood for substitution under all considered circumstances and under a wide but reasonable range of stochastic parameter values. Thus, the result emphasizes the need to reduce overall consumption of goods to mitigate climate change.","author":[{"family":"Niemi","given":"Jari"},{"family":"Soimakallio","given":"Sampo"},{"family":"Hurmekoski","given":"Elias"},{"family":"Myllyviita","given":"Tanja"},{"family":"Kunttu","given":"Janni"},{"family":"Lingua","given":"Federico"},{"family":"Snäll","given":"Tord"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/gcbb.70017","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70017","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409250791","type":"article-journal","title":"A techno-economic assessment of carbon dioxide removal pathways via biochemical conversion of lignocellulose to biofuels and bioplastics","abstract":"Biomass carbon removal and storage (BiCRS) is a promising pathway to mitigate climate change via large scale removal of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). We modeled several fermentation technologies, producing a variety of bioproducts from lignocellulosic feedstocks , to understand their levelized cost of CO 2 removal under multiple scenarios. Lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are accounted to provide cradle-to-grave estimates of carbon intensity (CI). We did not account for the avoided fossil CO 2 emissions from the use of biofuels in our CO 2 removal cost calculations, because avoided emissions do not contribute to CO 2 removal. The main products from the fermentation technologies we modeled include renewable diesel , ethanol, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), and polyethylene (PE), with co-products including CO 2 , adipic acid , steam, and electricity. PE, depending on its end-of-life management, can serve as a form of biogenic carbon storage . PE has the potential to remove 1.2–1.5 tCO 2 per dry t-biomass, whereas biofuels have the potential to remove 0.3–0.9 tCO 2 per dry t-biomass, indicating that PE production is a more efficient method of carbon removal. We quantify costs of CO 2 removal to be $60 – $675 per metric tCO 2 removed across the various fermentation pathways. Under the scenarios analyzed, bioplastic production from lignocellulosic biomass is a more cost-effective route to CO 2 removal than biofuel production, with costs of CO 2 removal via bioplastics being 50–90 % lower than that of biofuels. Future research should explore the potential benefits and drawbacks of expanding bioplastic production for large-scale CO 2 removal.","author":[{"family":"Clauser","given":"Nicolás"},{"family":"Scown","given":"Corinne"},{"family":"Pettridge","given":"Jennifer"},{"family":"Sagues","given":"William"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.115714","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115714","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408858150","type":"article-journal","title":"Biological Responses to Ocean Acidification Are Changing the Global Ocean Carbon Cycle","abstract":"Abstract Increased oceanic uptake of CO 2 due to rising anthropogenic emissions has caused lowered pH levels (ocean acidification) that are hypothesized to diminish biotic calcification and reduce the export of total alkalinity ( A T ) as carbonate minerals from the surface ocean or their burial in coastal sediments. This “CO 2 ‐biotic calcification feedback” is a negative feedback on atmospheric CO 2 , as elevated levels of surface A T increase the ocean's capacity to uptake CO 2 . We detect signatures of this feedback in the global ocean for the first time using repeat hydrographic measurements and seawater property prediction algorithms. Over the course of the past 30 years, we find an increase in global surface A T of 0.072 ± 0.023 μmol kg −1 yr −1 , which would have caused approximately 20 Tmol of additional A T to accumulate in the surface ocean. This finding suggests that anthropogenic CO 2 emissions are measurably perturbing the cycling of carbon on a planetary scale by disrupting biological patterns. More observations of A T would be required to understand the effects of this feedback on a regional basis and to fully characterize its potential to reduce the efficiency of marine carbon dioxide removal technology.","author":[{"family":"Barrett","given":"Reese"},{"family":"Carter","given":"Brendan"},{"family":"Fassbender","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Tilbrook","given":"Bronte"},{"family":"Woosley","given":"Ryan"},{"family":"Azetsuscott","given":"Kumiko"},{"family":"Feely","given":"Richard"},{"family":"Goyet","given":"Catherine"},{"family":"Ishii","given":"Masao"},{"family":"Murata","given":"Akihiko"},{"family":"Pérez","given":"Fı́z"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2024gb008358","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gb008358","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409893569","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of Seasonal Energy Storage for Net-Zero Industrial Heat: Thermal and Power-to-X Storage Including the Novel Concept of Renewable Metal Energy Carriers","abstract":"Achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 requires CO2-neutral industrial process heat, with seasonal energy storage (SES) playing a crucial role in balancing supply and demand. This study reviews thermal energy storage (TES) and Power-to-X (P2X) technologies for applications without thermal grids, assessing their feasibility, state of the art, opportunities, and challenges. Underground TES (UTES), such as aquifer and borehole storage, offer 1–26 times lower annual heat storage costs than above-ground tanks. For P2X, hydrogen storage in salt caverns is 80% less expensive than in high-pressure tanks. Methane and methanol storage costs depend on CO2 sourcing, while Renewable Metal Energy Carriers (ReMECs), such as aluminum and iron, offer high energy density and up to 580 times lower storage volume, with aluminum potentially achieving the lowest Levelized Cost of X Storage (LCOXS) at a rate of 180 EUR/MWh of energy discharged. Underground TES and hydrogen caverns are cost-effective but face spatial/geological constraints. P2X alternatives have established infrastructure but have lower efficiency, whereas ReMECs show promise for large-scale storage. However, economic viability remains a challenge due to very few annual cycles, which require significant reductions of investment cost and annual cost of capital (CAPEX), as well as improvements in overall system efficiency to minimize losses. These findings highlight the trade-offs between cost, space requirements, and the feasibility of SES deployment in industry.","author":[{"family":"Baeuerle","given":"Yvonne"},{"family":"Arpagaus","given":"Cordin"},{"family":"Haller","given":"Michel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18092204","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18092204","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118185495","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable Carbon Nanomaterials from Biomass Precursors: Green Synthesis Strategies and Environmental Applications","abstract":"Environmental pollution caused by industrialization and population growth has intensified the demand for sustainable materials capable of mitigating contaminants effectively. In this context, the green synthesis of carbon-based nanomaterials derived from biomass has gained significant attention as an eco-friendly and renewable approach that reduces dependence on fossil resources. These nanomaterials exhibit outstanding physicochemical characteristics, including high surface area, tunable porosity, abundant functional groups, and excellent stability, which enhance their performance in environmental remediation. Specifically, biomass-derived carbon nanomaterials have demonstrated remarkable efficiency as adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals and organic pollutants, as well as photocatalysts for the degradation of toxic compounds under visible light irradiation. The physicochemical properties of the resulting materials are strongly influenced by the type and pretreatment of the biomass, along with synthesis parameters such as pyrolysis temperature, activation process, and heteroatom doping. This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, and environmental applications of biomass-derived carbon nanomaterials, emphasizing their potential as cost-effective, scalable, and sustainable solutions for wastewater treatment and pollutant degradation in both aquatic and atmospheric systems.","author":[{"family":"Almaraz-Vega","given":"Ernesto"},{"family":"Morales-Vargas","given":"Aislinn"},{"family":"Delgado","given":"Guillermo"},{"family":"Castellanos-Arteaga","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Gómez","given":"Ofelia"},{"family":"Salcedo","given":"Claudia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano16010075","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16010075","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411849766","type":"article-journal","title":"Green synthesis of ZnS/MoS2-decorated porous carbon for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible light","abstract":"Abstract This study investigated a one-step green pyrolysis method inspired by chemical vapor deposition, utilizing melamine and zinc nitrate precursors with varying sulfur content for degradation and adsorption of tetracycline. The method effectively synthesized a ZnS/MoS2 heterojunction composite supported on a porous carbon substrate. It takes advantage of the gases (such as CO2, CO, and H2O) naturally released during pyrolysis to serve as internal activating agents. In contrast to traditional techniques that rely on inert atmospheres, chemical additives, or complicated high-temperature setups, this method minimizes both the ecological footprint and procedural complexity. The optimal composite, PCS2 (synthesized with 2 g of sulfur), exhibited the lowest band gap of 2.91 eV and the highest specific surface area of 216.83 m2 g−1, making it the most effective among the tested samples. This composite achieved 55% adsorption of pollutants and demonstrated a total removal efficiency of 81% for tetracycline. The addition of scavengers revealed that the primary active species in the reaction were holes. This synthesized method shows great promise for preparing heterojunction structures, making it highly suitable for removing organic pollutants from contaminated water.","author":[{"family":"Amiri","given":"Zahra"},{"family":"Emrooz","given":"Hosein"},{"family":"Khosrowshahi","given":"Mobin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-08920-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08920-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.30574/wjarr.2025.27.1.2599","type":"article-journal","title":"A Critical Review of the Regulatory and Policy Landscape Governing Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Technologies in the United States: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions","abstract":"This critical review examines the regulatory and policy landscape governing Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies in the United States, highlighting the challenges, opportunities, and future directions for effective implementation. CCUS technologies are pivotal in mitigating CO2 emissions, particularly in hard-to-decarbonize sectors such as energy and industry. Despite the significant potential of CCUS, the current regulatory framework is fragmented, leading to inconsistencies in implementation across federal, state, and local jurisdictions. Key challenges include high costs, public opposition, and the underdeveloped infrastructure for CO2 pipelines. This review synthesizes insights from various studies, emphasizing the need for robust regulatory frameworks that can facilitate the expansion of CCUS technologies. It also discusses the importance of improving capture efficiency, developing monitoring technologies, and enhancing public acceptance. The review concludes with recommendations for policymakers to create a cohesive regulatory environment that supports innovation and investment in CCUS technologies.","author":[{"family":"Ighomuaye","given":"Erhiga"},{"family":"Annankra","given":"Joshua"},{"family":"Yakin","given":"Zakaria"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.30574/wjarr.2025.27.1.2599","URL":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.27.1.2599","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1039/d5ra09599a","type":"article-journal","title":"Green hydrogen pathways for a net-zero future: technologies, circular economy integration, life-cycle performance and safety dimensions.","abstract":"This review critically evaluates the technological, environmental, and policy dimensions of green hydrogen using an integrated framework grounded in green chemistry, the circular economy, and the sustainable development goals. Rather than treating green hydrogen as a universal energy solution, the review synthesises advances in production, storage, transport, safety, and policy instruments to assess where and under what conditions hydrogen deployment is sustainable. Conventional, biological, electrolytic, photocatalytic, and waste-derived pathways are compared in terms of efficiency, lifecycle emissions, resource intensity, material criticality, and toxicity. Storage and distribution options including compressed and liquefied hydrogen, chemical carriers, and porous materials are assessed for energy density, safety, recyclability, and infrastructure readiness. Life-cycle assessment data are integrated to identify key hotspots in global warming potential, water use, cumulative energy demand, and human toxicity. Policy frameworks, including India's National Green Hydrogen Mission, are examined with emphasis on implementation mechanisms, certification, and industrial integration. The analysis demonstrates that no single pathway satisfies all sustainability criteria, highlighting the need for targeted deployment, system integration, and regional optimisation. Embedding green chemistry principles alongside coordinated policy and infrastructure planning is essential for a resilient and equitable hydrogen economy.","author":[{"family":"Kundu","given":"Debajyoti"},{"family":"Barathi","given":"Arun"},{"family":"Pooja","given":"Kumari"},{"family":"Surya","given":"Madhava"},{"family":"Jacob","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Koley","given":"Apurba"},{"family":"Samanta","given":"Palas"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Vineet"},{"family":"Chintagunta","given":"Anjani"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"NSS"},{"family":"Balachandran","given":"Srinivasan"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Hari"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5ra09599a","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra09599a","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1021/acsomega.6c01704","type":"article-journal","title":"A General Surrogate Model for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Flooding Dynamic Prediction Based on Dimensionless Features and Implicit Time.","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide In the development of CO 2 flooding reservoirs, complex multicomponent phase interactions and strong nonlinear flow behaviors cause the computational cost of traditional numerical simulations to increase significantly as the simulation period extends. This computational burden severely limits the efficiency of large-scale scheme optimization. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a general surrogate model based on the Transformer architecture, designed to achieve efficient and high-precision prediction of cumulative oil production and the CO 2 storage capacity. To tackle the generalization difficulty caused by differences in reservoir geological scales, a dimensionless feature system based on Pore Volume (PV) normalization was constructed. By converting absolute injection and production parameters into dimensionless numbers relative to the reservoir pore volume, this method effectively decouples the constraints of specific reservoir geometric scales, thereby establishing the physical universality of the model across different blocks. On this basis, by integrating an implicit time parameterization strategy with a Bayesian adaptive optimization algorithm, the model substitutes absolute physical time with cumulative fluid injection volume. This transformation converts discrete time-stepping prediction into a continuous mapping between development dynamics and the degree of injection. Validation experiments using 280,000 samples demonstrate that the model achieves R 2 values of 0.9986 and 0.9968 for oil production and CO 2 storage predictions, respectively. In terms of computational efficiency, unlike numerical simulations, where computational costs grow cumulatively over time, this model exhibits remarkable time independence. Taking a typical 5 year full lifecycle prediction task as an example, under the current computing configuration, the proposed surrogate model achieves a speedup of nearly 60 times compared with numerical simulations of equivalent precision. This characteristic, coupled with its excellent generalizability, effectively mitigates the computational bottleneck of long-cycle simulations, providing robust technical support for rapid assessment in CCUS-EOR development.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Changfu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiang"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Wenjie"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Peng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.6c01704","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.6c01704","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1021/acsomega.5c09944","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessment of Well Integrity for Repurposing O&amp;G Wells for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; StorageEssential Safety Considerations.","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Wells that develop leaks due to integrity issues can pose serious risks to both the environment and human health, particularly if they release previously captured CO 2 back into the atmosphere or contaminate freshwater aquifers. Ensuring reliable underground storage, therefore, presents a significant challenge in well integrity. The injected CO 2 can lead to substantial corrosion of metal materials and cement within the well. Moreover, the quality of cementation may deteriorate due to improper cement placement or changes in its mechanical properties arising from the well’s operational activities. Identifying, quantifying, and mitigating this corrosion, along with assessing cementation quality, are pivotal for maintaining satisfactory well conditions. This study proposes solutions, through a literature review, that focus on material selection and the composition of CO 2 flow. It emphasizes essential considerations for a preliminary evaluation of both active and suspended wells for their reuse in CO 2 injection and storage in CCS operations. Conducting a systematic literature review has been crucial in identifying the key factors for assessing wells suitability for CO 2 injection. The outcome is a flowchart designed for evaluating active and suspended wells, encompassing a qualitative and initial analysis of critical factors such as cement integrity, corrosion, CO 2 flow composition, and material compatibility. If the recommended actions do not resolve the issues with a well, it should be plugged and abandoned.","author":[{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Nívia"},{"family":"Szklo","given":"Alexandre"},{"family":"Couto","given":"Paulo"},{"family":"Veloso","given":"Fernanda"},{"family":"Gravaud","given":"Isaline"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c09944","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c09944","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4407105457","type":"article-journal","title":"Metal Hydrides for Sustainable Hydrogen Storage: A Review","abstract":"Storing hydrogen in metals has received much attention due to the advantages of this approach for safely storing. It is a promising method of storing hydrogen and eliminates the challenges associated with storing hydrogen gas at high pressure, which includes material durability, tank safety, and overall weight. Much work has been done for the past decade to bring this approach closer to wide‐scale application. However, much experimental research is needed to improve the volumetric and gravimetric capacity, hydrogen adsorption/desorption kinetics, material life cycle, and reaction thermodynamics of potential materials for hydrogen storage. Other important properties to consider are transient performance, the regeneration process of spent storage materials, effective adsorption temperature associated with activation energy, induced pore sizes in materials, increasing pore volume and surface area, and materials densification. In recent years, this solid‐state storage has progressed at conditions close to normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, with metal hydrides (MHs) emerging as a promising option. Their high storage density per unit volume, volume storage capabilities, and their ability to reverse the process while maintaining stability have qualified the MHs for low‐pressure storage and fulfilling the hydrogen storing requirements. However, understanding the principles of kinetics and thermodynamics is crucial for understanding the reactions of MHs as they absorb and release hydrogen. This review evaluates the current hydrogen storage methods, the different types of MHs, their thermodynamics and kinetics, as well as their applications and challenges. For the advancement of further research in this field of study, suggestions for future work and studies are also provided.","author":[{"family":"Nemukula","given":"E"},{"family":"Mtshali","given":"C"},{"family":"Nemangwele","given":"Fhulufhelo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/er/6300225","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/6300225","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411025487","type":"article-journal","title":"A Comparative Study of Major Risk Assessment (RA) Frameworks in Geologic Carbon Storage (GCS)","abstract":"Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology presents a practical solution for reducing industrial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions through underground anthropogenic CO2 storage in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs. The long-term storage efficiency faces several CO2 leakage challenges that need to be addressed in the planning phase of the CCS project. Thus, effective risk assessment (RA) methodologies are crucial for ensuring safety, regulatory compliance, and public acceptance of CCS projects. This review examines RA parts and their corresponding technical and non-technical challenges. The analysis critically compares over 20 qualitative, semi-quantitative, quantitative, and hybrid RA techniques employed throughout GCS operations. Available quantitative RA tools do not deliver dependable results because they require technical data that become available late in the CCS project development process. Qualitative approaches work well for the initial screening of storage sites with limited data available, yet quantitative methods enable quantification of CO2 leakage. For the first time, a comparative analysis of two integrated assessment tools is presented in this paper. The techniques achieve success based on high-quality data and analysis of existing technical and non-technical challenges which this paper examines. The comparative analysis outlines the limitations and advantages of every methodology studied and emphasizes the need for integrated hybrid frameworks to boost decision-making in the RA process. Future research should focus on creating or improving existing hybrid frameworks for late-stage RA while utilizing qualitative frameworks in the initial site screening stage to advance GSC’s safe and effective implementation.","author":[{"family":"Hajiyev","given":"Elvin"},{"family":"Watson","given":"Marshall"},{"family":"Emadi","given":"Hossein"},{"family":"Eissa","given":"Bassel"},{"family":"Hussain","given":"Athar"},{"family":"Baig","given":"AM"},{"family":"Shahin","given":"Abdulrahman"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/fuels6020042","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fuels6020042","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413468480","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrating Waste-to-Energy Systems with Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) for Sustainable Resource Recovery and Emission Reduction: A Critical Review of Challenges and Opportunities","abstract":"As the global push to address climate change intensifies, Waste-to-Energy (WtE) plants have evolved into dual-purpose solutions, addressing both municipal solid waste (MSW) management and energy recovery simultaneously. Traditional WtE activities, however, are significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, largely due to fossil-based waste fractions. Integrating Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies into WtE plants presents a breakthrough path for emission abatement, advancing circular economy strategies, and even achieving carbon-negative operations. This paper reviews the technological, environmental, and economic facets of WtE-CCUS integration critically. It covers cutting-edge carbon capture techniques—post-combustion, oxy-fuel, and pre-combustion strategies—and considers innovations in solvents, membranes, and solid sorbents for application to heterogeneous waste stream complexity. CO₂ utilization pathways are considered within the paradigm of sustainable resource recovery, e.g., conversion into fuels, chemicals, and construction materials. Where re-use is unfeasible, storage infrastructure and site considerations are reviewed. Large-scale deployment of CCUS in Waste-to-Energy infrastructure is hampered by several major obstacles, including capital and operating costs ranging from $50 to $150 per ton of CO₂, difficult retrofit requirements, technical difficulties brought on by the heterogeneity of urban waste, and policy-related obstacles such as inconsistent environmental policies, unclear carbon pricing, a lack of tax credits, and inconsistent regulations for negative emissions and lifecycle assessment. These difficulties highlight the necessity of unified market incentives and regulatory policies that support the adoption of scalable WtE-CCUS. Through international case studies and techno-economic analyses, this review distills the key opportunities, operational challenges, and policy deficiencies influencing the scalability of WtE-CCUS systems. Findings indicate that while technological feasibility is on the rise, economic and regulatory frameworks are significant barriers. With facilitating policy instruments and market incentives, WtE-CCUS can become a cornerstone of integrated climate and waste management policies.","author":[{"family":"Yakin","given":"Zakaria"},{"family":"Shopeju","given":"Oyekunle"},{"family":"Ighomuaye","given":"Erhiga"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i04.52717","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i04.52717","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407758295","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Material Advances in Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Capture From Power Plant Flue Gases: Toward Achieving Net Zero Emissions","abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change is caused by an increase in global temperatures, known as global warming. This is largely attributed to the rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, with carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel power plants being the major culprit. Implementing carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) strategies is essential to effectively mitigate climate change. However, the complexity and diverse range of emission sources, which vary in terms of volume, composition, location, type, and industry, demand a multifaceted strategy that involves the development of a broad spectrum of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, materials, and processes. This review article provides an in‐depth review of the three dominant material types utilized globally for CO2 capture from flue gases: Absorbents, Membranes, and Adsorbents (AMA). The author examines the benefits and drawbacks of employing different forms of AMA in post‐combustion capture, highlighting recent breakthroughs in experimental and theoretical modeling, simulation, and optimization studies. The review also explores the strengths and limitations of various AMA configurations, including single‐stage, multi‐stage, and hybrid systems, identifying knowledge gaps and opportunities for advancement in this field. While two‐stage hybrid configurations have emerged as the most promising approach to maximizing CO2 recovery, energy efficiency, and cost savings, further in‐depth techno‐economic evaluations are required to determine the most effective and viable configuration within this hybrid category and pinpoint the optimal solution for real‐world applications.","author":[{"family":"Obi","given":"Donald"},{"family":"Onyekuru","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Orga","given":"Anselem"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ese3.2063","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2063","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412829514","type":"article-journal","title":"Revolutionizing carbon capture efficiency: A comprehensive review of AI-Driven Optimization Strategies for CO₂ Capture and Storage Processes","abstract":"The pressing need to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 highlights the critical role of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) in addressing climate change, yet high energy costs and scalability challenges limit its adoption. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers innovative solutions to enhance CCUS efficiency through advanced optimization strategies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of AI-driven approaches, focusing on machine learning (ML) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) applications across CO₂ capture, sorbent design, and storage monitoring. In capture, AI optimizes solvent-based and membrane-based systems, achieving 10–20% cost reductions in projects like Technology Centre Mongstad and Boundary Dam. For sorbent design, ML accelerates the development of metal-organic frameworks and polymeric membranes, improving CO₂ selectivity by 15–25%. In storage, AI enhances geological site selection and leakage detection, with initiatives like Northern Lights showing 10–15% improved monitoring accuracy. Despite these advancements, challenges such as data scarcity, computational costs, and legacy system integration persist. This article synthesizes progress from 2023–2025, evaluates techno-economic and environmental impacts, and identifies research gaps, including the need for open-access datasets and hybrid AI-process models. By highlighting case studies and proposing future directions, such as AI integration in CCUS hubs, this review underscores AI’s transformative potential to drive cost-effective, scalable CCUS solutions, advancing global decarbonization and sustainable engineering innovation.","author":[{"family":"Smart","given":"E"},{"family":"Olayiwola","given":"Damilola"},{"family":"Okwor","given":"Ugochukwu"},{"family":"Asere","given":"Joshua"},{"family":"Takele","given":"Mary"},{"family":"Dirisu","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Dada","given":"Damilola"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.53771/ijstra.2025.9.1.0043","URL":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2025.9.1.0043","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406380161","type":"article-journal","title":"Soil moisture controls over carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions: a review","abstract":"This literature review synthesizes the role of soil moisture in regulating carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions (CS-GHG). Soil moisture directly affects photosynthesis, respiration, microbial activity, and soil organic matter dynamics, with optimal levels enhancing carbon storage while extremes, such as drought and flooding, disrupt these processes. A quantitative analysis is provided on the effects of soil moisture on CS-GHG across various ecosystems and climatic conditions, highlighting a “Peak and Decline” pattern for CO₂ emissions at 40% water-filled pore space (WFPS), while CH₄ and N₂O emissions peak at higher levels (60–80% and around 80% WFPS, respectively). The review also examines ecosystem models, discussing how soil moisture dynamics are incorporated to simulate photosynthesis, microbial activity, and nutrient cycling. Sustainable soil moisture management practices, including conservation agriculture, agroforestry, and optimized water management, prove effective in enhancing carbon sequestration and mitigating GHG emissions by maintaining ideal soil moisture levels. The review further emphasizes the importance of advancing multiscale observations and feedback modeling through high-resolution remote sensing and ground-based data integration, as well as hybrid modeling frameworks. The interactive model-experiment framework emerges as a promising approach for linking experimental data with model refinement, enabling continuous improvement of CS-GHG predictions. From a policy perspective, shifting focus from short-term agricultural productivity to long-term carbon sequestration is crucial. Achieving this shift will require financial incentives, robust monitoring systems, and collaboration among stakeholders to ensure sustainable practices effectively contribute to climate mitigation goals.","author":[{"family":"Hao","given":"Yuefeng"},{"family":"Mao","given":"Jiafu"},{"family":"Bachmann","given":"Charles"},{"family":"Hoffman","given":"Forrest"},{"family":"Koren","given":"Gerbrand"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Haishan"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Hanqin"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jiangong"},{"family":"Tao","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Jinyun"},{"family":"Li","given":"Lingcheng"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Laibao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41612-024-00888-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00888-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411061017","type":"article-journal","title":"Moderate-Temperature Carbon Capture Using Thermally Pre-Treated Dolomite: A Novel Approach","abstract":"This study investigates a novel approach to moderate-temperature carbon capture by examining the enhanced performance of thermally pre-treated dolomite. To obtain mixed oxides, dolomite samples were prepared via calcination in a quartz cylindrical furnace under an ambient atmosphere at 900 °C, and subsequently thermally pre-treated under an inert (argon) stream at 650 °C. Characterization of the as-prepared samples involved morphological, structural, textural, and optical features examined through XRD, BET, SEM-EDS, FT-IR, and RAMAN, XPS, and UV-vis spectroscopy, whereas TGA and subsequent multicyclic tests were used to study the CO2 sorption. The dolomite sample calcined at 900 °C for 60 min, and after being activated under an inert atmosphere (argon), labeled PCD60Act, exhibited the highest CO2 uptake of 0.477 gCO2/gsorbent; after 15 sorption–regeneration cycles, it still retained a CO2 uptake of 0.38 gCO2/gsorbent at 650 °C, and it was also successfully regenerated at this moderate temperature, demonstrating 84% capture capacity retention. These remarkable results are explained by the crystalline defects generated during the thermal pre-treatments of the dolomite. This research offers valuable perspectives on the viability of employing thermally pre-treated dolomite as an inexpensive, thermally stable, and moderate-temperature regenerable CaO-based sorbent for applications in CO2 removal in the context of integrated carbon capture and conversion (ICCC) for the production of high-purity hydrogen.","author":[{"family":"Alalade","given":"Iyiade"},{"family":"Morales-Mendoza","given":"Javier"},{"family":"Jassosalcedo","given":"Alma"},{"family":"Domínguez-Arvizu","given":"Jorge"},{"family":"Hernández-Majalca","given":"Blanca"},{"family":"Salami","given":"Hammed"},{"family":"Bueno-Escobedo","given":"José"},{"family":"Ibarra-Rodríguez","given":"Luz"},{"family":"López-Ortíz","given":"Alejandro"},{"family":"Collins-Martınez","given":"V"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/c11020037","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c11020037","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416720033","type":"article-journal","title":"Multidimensional design of carbon-supported Ru-based catalysts: a journey to hydrogen evolution reaction performance breakthroughs","abstract":"water electrolysis with zero emissions, as a crucial component of the clean energy framework. Ruthenium (Ru)-based catalysts exhibit intrinsic activity similar to that of platinum (Pt)-based catalysts while offering considerable cost benefits, positioning them as optimal alternatives to Pt-based catalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). However, their electrochemical stability and activity under varying pH conditions continue to present challenges. This review systematically analyzes the structure-activity relationships and multilevel design strategies of carbon-supported Ru-based catalysts in HER. The design principles related to reaction environments (acidic, alkaline, and neutral) are examined thoroughly, emphasizing the optimization of carbon supports and their synergistic effects with Ru active sites. The review provides a summary of active site modulation strategies, with a focus on optimizing carbon supports through structural design, defect engineering, heteroatom doping, and surface chemistry. It systematically outlines strategies for optimizing the electronic structure of supports, enhancing mass transfer, improving structural stability, and elucidating interfacial electron transfer and stabilization mechanisms. It examines the primary applications of computational tools, such as density functional theory (DFT), finite element simulation, and machine learning, in the design of catalyst electronic structures, optimization of electrodes, and prediction of performance. This review integrates theoretical mechanisms with practical design to establish a systematic framework encompassing environmental adaptation, active site engineering, support optimization, and intelligent design. The objective is to advance the development of high-performance, stable carbon-supported Ru-based catalysts for HER, offering researchers a robust theoretical framework and practical guidance.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Zonglin"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Shan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Bingchen"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Peng‐fei"},{"family":"Yi","given":"Ting‐feng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5sc06468f","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sc06468f","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407269488","type":"article-journal","title":"Exploring microbial players for metagenomic profiling of carbon cycling bacteria in sundarban mangrove soils","abstract":"The Sundarbans, the world's largest tidal mangrove forest, acts as a crucial ecosystem for production, conservation, and the cycling of carbon and nitrogen. The study explored the hypothesis that microbial communities in mangrove ecosystems exhibit unique taxonomic and functional traits that play a vital part in carbon cycling and ecosystem resilience. Using metagenomic analysis to evaluate microbial communities in mangrove and non-mangrove environment, evaluating their composition, functional functions, and ecological relevance. The analysis revealed distinct microbial profiles, in mangrove and non-mangrove environments, with bacteria, proteobacteria, and viruses being the most prevalent groups, with varying abundances in each environment. Functional and taxonomical analysis identified genes involved in carbon regulation, including Triacylglycerol lipase, NarG, DsrB, DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator CRP, Vanillate O-demethylase oxygenase, succinate-CoA ligase, Tetrahydrofolate ligase, Carboxylase, Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, Glycine hydroxymethyltransferase, MAG: urease, Endosymbiont of Oligobrachia haakonmosbiensis, Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, Aconitate hydratase AcnA, and nitrous oxide reductase, suggesting the metabolic versatility of these microbial communities for carbon cycling. The findings emphasize the key role of microbial activity in preserving mangrove ecosystem health and resilience, highlighting the intricate interplay between microbial diversity, functional capabilities, and environmental factors.","author":[{"family":"Das","given":"Basanta"},{"family":"Gadnayak","given":"Ayushman"},{"family":"Chakraborty","given":"Hirak"},{"family":"Pradhan","given":"Smruti"},{"family":"Raut","given":"Subhashree"},{"family":"Das","given":"Sanjoy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-89418-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89418-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409403889","type":"article-journal","title":"Minimizing Carbon Capture Costs in Power Plants: A Dimensional Analysis Framework for Optimizing Hybrid Post‐Combustion Systems","abstract":"ABSTRACT Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from power plants is crucial for transitioning to a low‐carbon economy, necessitating the development of efficient carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies. CCUS technologies are vital for achieving significant emissions reductions, with post‐combustion carbon capture (PCC) emerging as a promising solution. However, high costs and energy penalties hinder its widespread adoption. Recent advancements in hybrid PCC configurations offer improved efficiency and cost reduction, necessitating comprehensive evaluations. This study investigates six feasible hybrid PCC configurations, integrating absorption, absorption, and membrane technologies, to identify the most viable option for CO2 capture from natural gas power plants (NGPPs). A rigorous techno‐economic evaluation is performed using Aspen Hysys design simulation and economic metrics, including investment costs, production costs, net present value, rate of return, levelized cost of electricity, carbon emission intensity, and cost of carbon avoidance. Dimensional analysis reveals the two‐stage membrane + absorbent hybrid (2S‐MB + AB) configuration as the most promising option. It demonstrates significant cost savings potential, with a 25% reduction in carbon capture costs. Sensitivity analyses highlight the critical role of optimal material selection, specifically membranes, and absorbents, in commercializing this technology. The findings contribute to developing efficient and cost‐effective CCUS solutions, aligning with global efforts to mitigate climate change. The recommended 2S‐MB + AB configuration offers a promising solution for reducing CO2 emissions from NGPPs, providing valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers. This research informs emissions regulations and incentives for CCUS adoption, guides investment decisions and technology development, and identifies further research and development areas.","author":[{"family":"Obi","given":"Donald"},{"family":"Onyekuru","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Orga","given":"Anslem"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ese3.2052","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2052","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411377820","type":"article-journal","title":"The Research Review on Life Cycle Carbon Emissions in the Operational Process of Modular Buildings","abstract":"Climate change has intensified scrutiny of the building sector, a major source of global greenhouse gas emissions. Modular construction, recognized for its environmental, economic, and social benefits, is increasingly regarded as a key strategy to achieve sustainability goals. This study systematically reviews literature from 2005 to 2025 on life cycle carbon emissions (CEs) during the operational phase of modular buildings, using the PRISMA model. A comprehensive search of Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science (WoS), and relevant institutional databases yielded 1131 records, from which 34 studies were selected based on defined inclusion criteria. These studies span residential, commercial, and public buildings across Asia, North America, Europe, and Australia. Findings reveal that while carbon impacts during the construction phase of modular buildings are well documented, research on the operational phase remains limited due to data scarcity and methodological complexity. Since operational emissions typically exceed 60% of total life cycle emissions, and modular buildings offer advantages in airtightness, precision, and passive design integration, they hold significant potential for reducing emissions. This study calls for enhanced integration of technological innovation and policy incentives to support operational decarbonization and contribute to global carbon neutrality efforts.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Yongbiao"},{"family":"Xiang","given":"Luyao"},{"family":"Shang","given":"Kai"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15122085","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15122085","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410500560","type":"article-journal","title":"The Utilization of Slag, Steel Slag, and Desulfurization Gypsum as Binder Systems in UHPC with Iron Tailings and Steel Fibers—A Review","abstract":"Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is known for its outstanding strength and durability but is often limited by the high cost of traditional materials, like cement, fine aggregates, and silica fume. This review examines the use of industrial by-products—specifically, iron tailings, steel slag, and desulfurization gypsum—as sustainable alternatives in UHPC mix design. These materials serve as supplementary cementitious components and fine aggregates, helping reduce environmental impacts and production costs. This study highlights the synergistic hydration mechanisms between Portland cement and waste-based materials, leading to improved microstructure and long-term strength. The role of steel fibers in enhancing crack resistance is also discussed. Challenges related to workability, cost, and lack of standardization are addressed, along with opportunities for innovative mix designs, low-carbon binders, and 3D printing. Overall, this paper underscores the potential of industrial by-products to advance sustainable, high-performance UHPC solutions.","author":[{"family":"Heraiz","given":"Hocine"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jiajie"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Ziping"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Dongdong"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Yabo"},{"family":"Mu","given":"Xinli"},{"family":"Baras","given":"Amer"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jinhai"},{"family":"Ni","given":"Wen"},{"family":"Hitch","given":"Michael"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/min15050538","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050538","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411344838","type":"article-journal","title":"Uncertainty-Aware Economic Dispatch of Integrated Energy Systems with Demand-Response and Carbon-Emission Costs","abstract":"This study investigates the economic operation of integrated energy systems under uncertainty, aiming to boost operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness while reducing carbon emissions. Unlike existing methods that either ignore the demand response or treat uncertainties separately, we introduce a two-stage robust optimization scheduling framework that simultaneously integrates demand-response mechanisms and carbon-emission costs. In Stage I, a preliminary dispatch is obtained for deterministic scenarios based on forecasted values of renewable outputs and load demands; in Stage II, the solution is refined against worst-case fluctuations in renewable output and load demand. A column-and-constraint generation algorithm facilitates efficient, iterative coordination between the two stages, resulting in an optimal and robust dispatch strategy. To validate our approach, we performed detailed numerical simulations on a standard benchmark for integrated energy systems commonly used in the literature. The results show that by accounting for multiple sources of uncertainty, the system’s energy cost fell from 7091.03 RMB to 6489.18 RMB—a saving of 8.49%—while the carbon emissions dropped from 6165.57 kg to 5732.54 kg, a reduction of 7.02%. Compared with conventional scenario-based dispatch methods, the proposed two-stage framework demonstrates superior adaptability and robustness in handling renewable generation and load uncertainties, providing strong technical backing and theoretical insights for the sustainable operation of integrated energy systems in uncertain environments.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yuning"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Jiawen"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Zhenglin"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Qiang"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Jing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13061906","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13061906","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411255127","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancing water purification: The role of copper-carbon nanostructured heterojunctions in pollutant removal","abstract":"Water pollution remains a pressing global challenge, driven by the unchecked release of industrial effluents and agricultural runoff that introduce a broad spectrum of organic and inorganic contaminants into aquatic systems. Among various remediation approaches, such as adsorption, filtration, catalytic oxidation, ion exchange, Fenton-like processes, and photocatalysis, the choice and composition of catalysts critically influence treatment efficiency and sustainability. In this context, copper–carbon nanohybrid heterojunctions (CCNHs) have emerged as promising materials, combining the redox activity of copper-based nanostructures with the high conductivity and surface area of carbonaceous materials. These hybrids enhance charge separation, reduce electron–hole recombination, and exhibit superior adsorption and catalytic properties. This review comprehensively examines recent progress in CCNH-based systems for water purification, focusing on synthesis techniques, heterojunction engineering, defect and surface modification, stabilization strategies, and underlying removal mechanisms. We also highlight advances in pilot-scale applications, discuss challenges such as metal leaching and long-term stability, and propose future directions towards practical deployment of CCNHs in sustainable wastewater treatment technologies.","author":[{"family":"Okpara","given":"Enyioma"},{"family":"Quadri","given":"Taiwo"},{"family":"Ebenso","given":"Eno"},{"family":"Rowleyneale","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Banks","given":"Craig"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ccr.2025.216837","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2025.216837","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406053118","type":"article-journal","title":"Improved estimation of carbon dioxide and methane using machine learning with satellite observations over the Arabian Peninsula","abstract":"Estimating spatiotemporal maps of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is important for understanding climate change and developing mitigation strategies. However, current methods face challenges, including the coarse resolution of numerical models, and gaps in satellite data, making it essential to improve the spatiotemporal estimation of GHGs. This study aims to develop an advanced technique to produce high-fidelity (1 km) maps of CO 2 and CH 4 over the Arabian Peninsula, a highly vulnerable region to climate change. Using XGBoost, columnar carbon dioxide (XCO 2 ) and methane (XCH 4 ) concentrations using satellite data from OCO-2 and Sentinel-5P (the target variables) were downscaled, with ancillary data from CarbonTracker, MODIS Terra, and ERA-5 (the input variables). The model is trained and validated against these datasets, achieving high performance for XCO 2 (R 2 = 0.98, RMSE = 0.58 ppm) and moderate accuracy for XCH 4 (R 2 = 0.63, RMSE = 13.26 ppb). Seasonal cycles and long-term trends were identified, with higher concentrations observed in summer, and emission hotspots in urban and industrial areas. Comparisons with the EDGAR inventory highlighted the significant contributions of the power, oil, and transportation sectors to GHG emissions. These results demonstrate the value of high-resolution data for local-scale monitoring, supporting targeted mitigation strategies and sustainable policymaking in the region. Future work could integrate ground-based observations to further enhance GHG monitoring accuracy.","author":[{"family":"Alcibahy","given":"Mariam"},{"family":"Gafoor","given":"Fahim"},{"family":"Mustafa","given":"Farhan"},{"family":"Fadel","given":"Mutasem"},{"family":"Hashemi","given":"Hamed"},{"family":"Hammadi","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Shehhi","given":"Maryam"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-024-84593-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84593-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409016188","type":"article-journal","title":"Evaluation of CO2 storage in fractured coal seam and the effect of coal fines","abstract":"Gas channeling in fractures during CO 2 injection into the deep coal seam seriously reduces the CO 2 storage efficiency after the development of coalbed methane. The generation and migration of coal fines causes blockages in the fractures in the stage of drainage and gas production, reducing the gas channeling effect of injected CO 2 caused by the heterogeneity of the coal seam. To explore the impact of coal fines within coal seam fractures on the efficacy of CO 2 storage, experiments on the production stage and CO 2 injection for storage were conducted on coal combinations containing propped fractures, fractures, and matrix. The CO 2 storage characteristics of coal at the constraint of coal fines, as well as the influence of multiple rounds of intermittent CO 2 injection and different injection parameters on the CO 2 storage effect, were analyzed. The research results show that blockage by coal fines increases the resistance to fluid flow in the fractures by 71.2%. The CO 2 storage capacity and storage potential of coal with coal fines are 6.5 cm 3 /g and 8.8% higher than those of coal without coal fines, while the CO 2 storage capacity of fractured coal under the influence of coal fines has the largest increase of 9.4 cm 3 /g. The CO 2 storage of coal containing coal fines is significantly higher (6.6%) than that of the coal without coal fines. The CO 2 storage effect of the coal with coal fines is improved with the increase in injection rate, whereas the CO 2 storage effect of the coal without coal fines decreases significantly (by 7.8%). Multiple rounds of intermittent injection increases the CO 2 storage volume of coal by 20.4% (with coal fines) and 17.1% (without coal fines). The presence of coal fines in fractures also slows down the downward trend of CO 2 storage fraction after multiple rounds of CO 2 injection. The blockage in fractures significantly increases the CO 2 injection time and difficulty, but can increase the CO 2 storage fraction by 4.7%–17.1%, and the storage volume by 1.9%–14%, increasing the feasibility of CO 2 storage in fractured coal seams that have previously been exploited for methane production. The multiple rounds of intermittent CO 2 injection and shut-in periods has shown potential for greater CO 2 storage and injection efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Qian"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhijun"},{"family":"Xiong","given":"Jianlong"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Jian"},{"family":"Glover","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Lorinczi","given":"Piroska"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.043","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.043","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406272522","type":"article-journal","title":"Design of a hybrid artificial intelligence system for real-time quantification of impurities in gas streams: Application in CO2 capture and storage","abstract":"The concentration of gases in gas streams can be monitored using sensors. However, gas sensors can lose their response accuracy due to mechanical wear or damage, and environmental factors such as exposure to unusual temperature and pressure conditions. Therefore, it is paramount to design a hybrid artificial intelligence system to identify any sensor malfunction and the need to recalibrate or replace a sensor or a suite of sensors for real-time quantification of compositions of gas streams. Hence, this study proposes a hybrid artificial intelligence system for real-time monitoring of gas concentrations in a gas stream and recalibration of gas sensors. This system provides remote access for monitoring gas concentrations predicted by a machine learning model and sensor readings programmed in a wireless device or an application in a wireless device, enabling users to identify when certain set thresholds of gas concentrations are exceeded and to identify malfunction of sensors when predetermined deviations between the sensor readings and the machine learning predictions are exceeded, for quality control and assurance. The design also signals the need for recalibration or replacement of sensors, for more accurate readings. Therefore, this study developed a methodology for the design of the hybrid system and demonstrated the feasibility of operating the system in a nitrogen gas stream. Application of the system for carbon dioxide capture and storage was also explored. Machine learning models were developed for binary and multi-component gas mixtures using Python programming language. The findings of the study revealed that the error in quantification of gas concentrations for the binary gas mixture is less than the errors for the multi-component gas mixtures, using machine learning models. Therefore, while operating the hybrid artificial intelligence system for real-time quantification of impurities in gas streams, higher deviations in gas concentration between the sensors’ readings and the machine learning model predictions should be allowable for the multi-component gas mixture compared to the binary gas mixture, as long as their set level of tolerance for the gas mixture is not exceeded. • XGBoost model performed slightly better than the ANN model in predicting the gas concentrations. • The machine learning models predicted gas concentrations with the least error in NO 2 concentration and the highest error in C 3 H 8 concentration. • The error in the machine learning models for the binary gas mixture is significantly less than the errors for the multi-component gas mixture. • Gas components in the environment where sensors are deployed highly impact their sensitivity, due to gas interference.","author":[{"family":"Aminaho","given":"Efenwengbe"},{"family":"Aminaho","given":"Ndukaegho"},{"family":"Hossain","given":"Mamdud"},{"family":"Faisal","given":"Nadimul"},{"family":"Aminaho","given":"Konyengwaehie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jgsce.2025.205546","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgsce.2025.205546","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413790643","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon dioxide valorization: paving the way for climate change mitigation and a sustainable future","abstract":"Abstract The global rise in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions, primarily from the combustion of fossil fuels, poses a major barrier to meeting the Paris Agreement target of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C. A transition to a low-carbon economy is essential to mitigate climate change and its potential consequences. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies offer promising solutions by capturing CO 2 from major emission sources and converting it into valuable chemicals and materials. This review provides a comprehensive overview of key CO 2 sources and recent developments in CO 2 capture technologies, encompassing chemical absorption, adsorption on solid materials, chemical looping, and membrane separation. Additionally, it explores various pathways for CO 2 conversion into high-value products, such as methanol, dimethyl ether, acetic acid, and synthetic fuels, alongside emerging applications like graphene, cyclic carbonates, and alkyl/aryl carbamates. The potential of syngas production and the emerging photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 are also discussed. The review also discourses the challenges to the widespread adoption of CCUS technologies, encompassing economic, technical, and infrastructural barriers, while highlighting prospects for enhancing their implementation. Environmental trade-offs such as water and resource intensity, lifecycle emissions, and risks of CO 2 leakage are addressed to ensure sustainability. The review underscores the alignment of CO 2 valorization technologies with the global climate goals. By fostering technological advancements, policy support, and international cooperation, CCUS can serve as a transformative pathway to mitigate climate change, reduce industrial carbon footprints, and drive sustainable innovation across sectors, achieving the environmental, economic, and societal sustainability.","author":[{"family":"Elgendy","given":"Nour"},{"family":"Rabie","given":"Abdelrahman"},{"family":"Elkhair","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s13762-025-06711-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-025-06711-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408087510","type":"article-journal","title":"The role of agroforestry in carbon sequestration and climate adaptation: A review","abstract":"Agroforestry is a holistic land-use approach that combines trees, crops, and livestock to improve ecosystem services, biodiversity, and productivity and ensure economic and environmental resilience. This review examines the major contribution of agroforestry in climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration and promoting climate adaptation. Through sequestering atmospheric carbon in biomass and soil, agroforestry systems are a cost-effective method to mitigate greenhouse gases and enhance ecological stability. In addition, these systems play a role in climate adaptation through improved soil health, water retention, erosion reduction, and biodiversity promotion, thereby contributing to agricultural sustainability. The review critically assesses different agroforestry practices, their efficiency in carbon sequestration, and their role in climate adaptation. Also, it elaborates on the primary challenges including land tenure security, policy constraints, and socio-economic limitations and then suggests possible solutions and policy measures to enhance broad-based agroforestry uptake and adoption.","author":[{"family":"Dhanush","given":"GA"},{"family":"Naik","given":"TV"},{"family":"Dayanandanaik","given":"S"},{"family":"Vaishnav","given":"Ramniwas"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Kuldeep"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Ap"},{"family":"Pradhan","given":"Rahul"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Anil"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.33545/2618060x.2025.v8.i2e.2592","URL":"https://doi.org/10.33545/2618060x.2025.v8.i2e.2592","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410479349","type":"article-journal","title":"Research on the impact of green finance on regional carbon emission reduction and its role mechanisms","abstract":"As a crucial instrument, green finance policy facilitates the transition toward a green and low-carbon regional economic structure, which is essential for realizing the target of \"double carbon\" and the harmonious coexistence of nature and humans. Therefore, taking the green financial reform and innovation pilot zone as a quasi-natural experiment, we select 270 cities from 2010 to 2021 as research samples and empirically assess the effects of the green finance policy on reducing regional carbon emissions through the double debiased machine learning (DDML) model. This study demonstrates that (1) green finance policy plays a significant role in promoting regional carbon emission reduction, and this conclusion remains valid after a variety of robustness tests; (2) the mechanism of action indicates that green finance policy contributes to regional carbon emission reduction by supporting green technological innovation and promoting the optimization of the industrial structure; (3) the analysis of heterogeneity reveals that green finance policy has a more pronounced effect on carbon emission reduction in the eastern region and in non-resource-based cities than in the central and western regions and in resource-dependent cities; and (4) the pilot policy of \"Broadband China\", the pilot policy of information consumption, and the comprehensive experimental zone of big data has a synergistic effect on carbon reduction and emission reduction with green finance policy. The findings of this study not only contribute to deepening the understanding of the effects of the green finance pilot policy on regional carbon emission reduction but also provide policy support for local governments to explore green technology comprehensively, grasp new opportunities for green development, and expand the space for sustainable economic development with the assistance of the green finance pilot policy.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Huiyun"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Zongbao"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Gang"},{"family":"Nie","given":"Yingjun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-02481-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02481-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415242895","type":"article-journal","title":"Beyond carbon: a systematic review of multiple ecosystem services of mangroves","abstract":"Mangroves are critical to global carbon mitigation efforts due to their exceptional carbon sequestration capacity, but they also provide a wide range of additional ecosystem services including coastal protection, water purification, and also socio-economic benefits such as fishing and recreation. However, research on mangrove ecosystem services often focuses primarily on carbon sequestration, with limited attention to other critical functions. In this review, we analyze the co-occurrence of multiple ecosystem services studied alongside carbon sequestration and highlight the need for a more comprehensive approach to mangrove ecosystem management. A search yielded 813 relevant studies, with 423 of which were further analyzed. Only about 22% of studies investigated more than one service, providing limited insight into the relationships between multiple ecosystem services. The most studied ecosystem services with carbon sequestration were regulating services, namely nutrient cycling followed by soil formation and coastal protection. Provisioning services such as fishing and biomass, and cultural services such as recreation were also studied but less. Also, stakeholder engagement remains minimal, with only 5% of studies incorporating perspectives from local communities, policymakers, or other relevant groups. Given the expected expansion of mangrove ecosystems due to climate change, it is crucial to consider both ecological and social dimensions when developing management strategies. We propose a socio-ecological framework to integrate other ecosystem services alongside carbon sequestration. By broadening the scope of mangrove ecosystem studies, we can promote more inclusive, effective, and sustainable management approaches that benefit both nature and society.","author":[{"family":"Lee","given":"Heera"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Hyejin"},{"family":"Park","given":"Eunha"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Bora"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s11852-025-01148-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-025-01148-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406056201","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimal Scheduling Method of Combined Wind–Photovoltaic–Pumped Storage System Based on Improved Bat Algorithm","abstract":"Pumped storage power stations not only serve as a special power load but also store excess electricity from the power system, significantly reducing the curtailment of wind and solar power. This dual function ensures the stable operation of the power grid and enhances its economic benefits. The scheduling optimization problem of a combined wind–solar–pumped storage system is addressed in this study, and an optimization scheduling model is proposed with the objective of maximizing total system revenue. The model is designed to comprehensively account for the generation revenues from wind power, photovoltaic power, thermal power, and pumped storage, as well as the penalty costs associated with pollutant emissions. To address the limitations of traditional algorithms, which are prone to being trapped in local optima and exhibit slow convergence, an improved bat algorithm was developed. The algorithm is enhanced through the use of chaotic mapping to expand the initial solution space, the incorporation of adaptive step-size updates to improve convergence efficiency, and the integration of the Cauchy function to strengthen global search capabilities, thereby effectively avoiding local optima. Simulation results have demonstrated that the improved algorithm achieves significant improvements over traditional bat algorithms and particle swarm optimization (PSO) in terms of optimization efficiency, with total revenue increases of 21.9% and 24.6%, respectively. The optimized scheduling plan is shown to fully utilize the flexible regulation capabilities of pumped storage, mitigating the adverse effects of wind and photovoltaic output fluctuations on grid operations and achieving a balanced trade-off between economic and environmental objectives.","author":[{"family":"Fan","given":"Huiqing"},{"family":"Hong-Bo","given":"Wu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Shilin"},{"family":"Han","given":"Shengfeng"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Jingtao"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Shuo"},{"family":"Zou","given":"Hongbo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13010101","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13010101","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410731200","type":"article-journal","title":"3D seismic modeling of the Amal oil field to evaluate CO2 storage potential in depleted reservoirs, Southern Gulf of Suez","abstract":"Abstract The Amal Oil Field in the Southern Gulf of Suez presents significant potential for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). This study integrates 3D geological modeling, seismic interpretation, and petrophysical analysis to assess the field’s suitability for CO2 sequestration. The structural analysis identifies a primary horst block bounded by major normal faults, providing an effective structural trap for CO2 storage. Stratigraphic studies confirm the presence of robust sealing formations, including the Kareem shale and the evaporite-dominated Zeit and South Gharib Formations, ensuring long-term containment. Petrophysical evaluation of the Upper Rudies reservoir reveals favorable conditions for CO2 injection, characterized by low shale volume, moderately high effective porosity, low water saturation, and adequate permeability. Reservoir property modeling, conducted using sequential Gaussian simulation (SGS), a statistical method used to distribute reservoir properties, such as porosity and permeability, throughout the reservoir by generating multiple possible scenarios based on a Gaussian distribution model, demonstrates significant lateral and vertical heterogeneity, with the central horst block exhibiting the highest storage potential. Permeability distribution varies from 0.1 to 100 mD, with an average of 10 mD in key reservoir zones, further supporting its suitability for CO2 injection. CO2 storage capacity estimation, incorporating grid pore volumes, CO2 density, formation volume factor, and storage efficiency coefficient, suggests a storage potential ranging from 3.6 to 48.5 million tons. Spatial analysis highlights the central and northwestern regions as the most promising areas for injection due to higher porosity and net pay thickness. The Gulf of Suez boasts a unique geological setting, providing excellent structural traps for hydrocarbon and CO2 storage. Its well-developed infrastructure, including extensive pipelines, processing facilities, and existing wells, supports efficient CO2 transportation and injection, enhancing the feasibility of large-scale CO2 storage with minimal additional investment. The region’s strategic location also enhances its role in global trade and energy logistics. This study provides a comprehensive workflow for evaluating depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs for CCS applications, offering valuable insights for future CO2 sequestration projects in the Gulf of Suez, a region underexplored in CCS literature. The findings contribute to Egypt’s national carbon reduction initiatives and support global climate mitigation strategies.","author":[{"family":"Amer","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Mabrouk","given":"Walid"},{"family":"Eid","given":"Amr"},{"family":"Metwally","given":"Ahmed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-03032-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03032-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412522092","type":"article-journal","title":"Lithium-ion battery recycling relieves the threat to material scarcity amid China’s electric vehicle ambitions","abstract":"The electric automotive transition is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality, especially in emerging economies like China. However, the scarcity of critical materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) challenges electric vehicle (EV) deployment targets. Our work delivers a comprehensive framework of EV battery recycling, considering resource compensation, environmental performance, geospatial optimization, and cost feasibility of closed-loop LIB recycling under China’s carbon neutrality. Our findings show that meeting EV deployment targets will widen the supply-demand gap, with cobalt and manganese demand exceeding 2022 production levels by 54-fold and 116-fold, respectively. Battery recycling is crucial for mitigating material scarcity, necessitating a minimum 84% collection rate to stabilize supply by 2060. Battery recycling remains economically viable in most scenarios, generating a net profit of US$58 billion in the optimal scenario. Here, our work underscores inherent trade-offs among integrated metrics, informing battery recycling strategies to strengthen supply chain resilience and advance automotive electrification under decarbonization goals. This study assesses the material, environmental, and economic performance of closed-loop lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling amid China’s electric vehicle ambitions, indicating that a minimum 84% LIB collection rate is needed to stabilize material supply.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Xin","given":"Qingyao"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Siyuan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhaohua"},{"family":"Bansal","given":"Prateek"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-61481-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61481-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409088689","type":"article-journal","title":"Sizing and Techno-Economic Analysis of Utility-Scale PV Systems with Energy Storage Systems in Factory Buildings: An Application Study","abstract":"In recent years, PV power plants have been widely used on the roofs of commercial buildings with grid connections, primarily to enhance self-consumption in distributed energy systems. In addition, installing PV plants on commercial buildings’ roofs is becoming increasingly important, especially in crowded cities where land is limited. Since the Sun is an intermittent energy source, PV power plants cause frequency and voltage fluctuations in the grid. The way to avoid this problem is to install PV plants together with battery storage systems. Battery storage systems prevent frequency and voltage fluctuations in the grid and provide economic benefits. This article presents the sizing and techno-economic analysis of a factory building’s rooftop PV system with a battery. The amount of energy produced by the PV plant, PV temperature, and irradiation were recorded in a data logger obtained by various sensors. These real-time measurements were continuously collected and analyzed to evaluate system performance and assess seasonal variations.Load demand data were collected through an automatic meter reading system. The installed capacity of the PV power plant is 645 kW. The optimum battery capacity determined for this factory is 130 kW for 5 h. Techno-economic analysis was carried out using metrics such as the payback period, net present value, and levelized cost of energy. As a result of the analysis using various input variables, LCOE, NPV, and PBP were determined as 0.1467 $/kWh, 4918.3 $, and 7.03 years, respectively.","author":[{"family":"Başaran","given":"Kıvanç"},{"family":"Özdemir","given":"Mahmut"},{"family":"Bayrak","given":"Gökay"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/app15073876","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073876","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414157396","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of Fractional Order Calculus Applications in Electric Vehicle Energy Storage and Management Systems","abstract":"Fractional-order calculus (FOC) has gained significant attention in electric vehicle (EV) energy storage and management systems, as it provides enhanced modeling and analysis capabilities compared to traditional integer-order approaches. This review presents a comprehensive survey of recent advancements in the application of FOC to EV energy storage systems, including lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), supercapacitors (SCs), and fuel cells (FCs), as well as their integration within energy management systems (EMS). The review focuses on developments in electrochemical, equivalent circuit, and data-driven models formulated in the fractional-order domain, which improve the representation of nonlinear, memory-dependent, and multi-scale dynamics of energy storage devices. It also discusses the benefits and limitations of current FOC-based models, identifies open challenges such as computational feasibility and parameter identification, and outlines future research directions. Overall, the findings indicate that FOC offers a robust framework with significant potential to advance next-generation EV energy storage and management systems.","author":[{"family":"Borjajaimes","given":"Vicente"},{"family":"Martínez","given":"Jorge"},{"family":"Beltrán-Escobar","given":"Miguel"},{"family":"Cruz-Rojas","given":"Alan"},{"family":"Gil-Velasco","given":"Alfredo"},{"family":"Coronelescamilla","given":"A"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/math13182920","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/math13182920","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415872808","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-Energy Regeneration Technologies for Industrial CO2 Capture: Advances, Challenges, and Engineering Applications","abstract":"High carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial processes have intensified the need for large-scale, sustainable, and low-energy-consumption carbon capture technologies. Amine-based chemical absorption is a promising method for large-scale CO2 reduction, but it faces challenges like high regeneration energy consumption, technical limitations, and commercialization difficulties. To reduce energy consumption in regeneration, this paper reviews low-energy regeneration methods, including absorbent optimization, catalytic regeneration, process waste heat recovery, and calcium-based chemical desorption, and explains the energy-saving mechanisms of each approach. Focusing on technical development bottlenecks, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the technical advantages, application limitations, and key challenges associated with various methods. Based on commercialization needs, this paper thoroughly investigates the development process and industrialization status of carbon capture technology in the iron and steel industry. Research has revealed that optimized absorbent designs reduce regeneration heat loads, catalytic acid sites promote proton transfer and lower desorption temperature, utilization of waste heat reduce additional energy consumption, and calcium-based compounds offer both low energy consumption and economic advantages in desorption. This article constructs a theoretical framework for low-energy regeneration technology, identifies innovation priorities, and analyzes scalability challenges and development pathways, providing theoretical support and technical guidance for industrial implementation.","author":[{"family":"Ren","given":"Le"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Sihong"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Qianxuan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Rui"},{"family":"Yue","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Cai","given":"CS"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17219796","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219796","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407772795","type":"article-journal","title":"How data collection may affect the carbon footprint – The case of carbon foodprint accounting for cities","abstract":"Evidence-based policymaking can foster climate justice in the light of climate change risks. For this reason, adopting environmental metrics such as Ecological Footprint or carbon footprint becomes imperative. As carbon footprint assessments evolve, there remains a critical challenge in the availability of data representing lifestyles of inhabitants. Therefore, this research refers to the question What is the effect of utilizing currently available data to describe the current impact of cities and their inhabitants on the environment ? The research focuses on foodprint assessment across multiple resource scales: national, city-wide, regional, urban-size (more local-level structural data), and urban-regional. Therefore, five individual CF results for each of the 18 Polish cities were obtained, followed by a one-to-one comparison, offering ten comparisons of results, that is, each with each. On average, the differences in total CF results for different levels of data detail are at most ±3.5 %. Of interest seems to be the impact of regional conditions on the values of the footprint, especially the quantified urban-regional results. Differences in this scale of data, relative to other results, are associated with an increase in the foodprint from 0.001 to 0.003 global hectares per capita. It could be especially important for cities having the largest population. Even though on average for 200–499 K urban-size cities the results were the highest compared to the national ones (higher by 0.004 global hectares), it was for cities with over 500 000 inhabitants that the largest differences were observed at the level of individual products. In general, variations of ±20 % in results were registered for products such as poultry, cheese, vegetable fats, sugar, and potatoes. The findings reveal that for cities with populations under 200,000, the reliance on high-resolution local data provides limited additional accuracy, suggesting that national or regional datasets are often sufficient. This insight can optimize resource allocation for evidence-based policymaking, particularly in the context of urban adaptation plans and climate action strategies.","author":[{"family":"Świąder","given":"Małgorzata"},{"family":"Schafer","given":"Luke"},{"family":"Lysák","given":"Marin"},{"family":"Henriksen","given":"Christian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113256","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113256","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411339481","type":"article-journal","title":"Enabling Low-Carbon Transportation: Resilient Energy Governance via Intelligent VPP and Mobile Energy Storage-Driven V2G Solutions","abstract":"Integrating Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations into buildings is becoming increasingly important due to the rapid growth of private EV ownership and prolonged parking durations in residential areas. This paper proposes robust, building-integrated charging solutions that combine mobile energy storage systems (ESSs), station linkage data, and traffic volume data. The proposed system promotes eco-friendly EV usage, flexible energy management, and carbon neutrality through a polyfunctional Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) architecture that integrates decentralized energy networks. Two core strategies are implemented: (1) configuring Virtual Power Plant (VPP)-based charging packages tailored to station types, and (2) utilizing EV batteries as distributed ESS units. K-means clustering based on spatial proximity and energy demand is followed by heuristic algorithms to improve the efficiency of mobile ESS operation. A three-layer framework is used to assess improvements in energy demand distribution, with demand-oriented VPPs deployed in high-demand zones to maximize ESS utilization. This approach enhances station stability, increases the load factor to 132.7%, and reduces emissions by 271.5 kgCO2. Economically, the system yields an annual benefit of USD 47,860, a Benefit–Cost Ratio (BCR) of 6.67, and a Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of USD 37.78 per MWh. These results demonstrate the system’s economic viability and resilience, contributing to the development of a flexible and sustainable energy infrastructure for cities.","author":[{"family":"Yoon","given":"Guwon"},{"family":"Choi","given":"Myeong"},{"family":"Cho","given":"Keonhee"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Seunghwan"},{"family":"Lee","given":"AY"},{"family":"Park","given":"Sehyun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15122045","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15122045","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409282291","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancements in Research and Applications of PP-Based Materials Utilizing Melt-Blown Nonwoven Technology","abstract":"Melt-blown nonwoven materials have demonstrated significant advancements in a multitude of industrial sectors, mainly due to their high production efficiency, extensive specific surface area, and narrow aperture. The demand for melt-blown nonwoven materials has increased further in recent time, particularly in the wake of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Polypropylene (PP) is extensively used in production and research due to its low cost, low weight, and easy processing, and the melt-blown materials made from it share similar characteristics. We systematically summarize the research advancements of melt-blown nonwoven technology and applications of PP-based melt-blown materials over the last few years. First, the principles and processes of melt-blown nonwoven that govern the production of micro/nano fibers are described. Then the raw materials and process technology of melt-blown are reviewed. After these, we highlight the use of PP-based melt-blown materials in key fields, including media filtration, oil-water separation, heavy metal ions removal, organic pollutants removal and battery separator. Finally, we summary and suggest some potential future research directions of melt-blown nonwoven technology and PP-based melt-blown materials.","author":[{"family":"Fang","given":"Ziyang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Sijia"},{"family":"Lian","given":"Zhouyang"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Zhengwei"},{"family":"Du","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xueying"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/polym17081013","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17081013","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412194756","type":"article-journal","title":"Insights into the Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide in Zeolites ITQ-29 and 5A Based on Kinetic Measurements and Molecular Simulations","abstract":"Understanding the adsorption mechanism is essential for developing efficient technologies to capture carbon dioxide from industrial flue gases. In this work, laboratory measurements, density functional theory calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations were employed to study CO2 adsorption and diffusion behavior in LTA-type zeolites. The CO2 adsorption isotherms measured in zeolite 5A are best described by the Toth model. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic, with an enthalpy change of −44.04 kJ/mol, an entropy change of −115.23 J/(mol·K), and Gibbs free energy values ranging from −9.68 to −1.03 kJ/mol over the temperature range of 298–373 K. The isosteric heat of CO2 adsorption decreases from 40.35 to 21.75 kJ/mol with increasing coverage, reflecting heterogeneous interactions at Ca2+ and Na+ sites. The adsorption kinetics follow a pseudo-first-order model, with an activation energy of 2.24 kJ/mol, confirming a physisorption mechanism. The intraparticle diffusion model indicates that internal diffusion is the rate-limiting step, supported by a significant reduction in the diffusion rate. The DFT calculations demonstrated that CO2 exhibited a −35 kJ/mol more negative adsorption energy in zeolite 5A than in zeolite ITQ-29, attributable to strong interactions with Ca2+/Na+ cations in 5A that were absent in the pure silica ITQ-29 framework. The molecular dynamics simulations based on molecular force fields indicate that CO2 diffuses more rapidly in ITQ-29, with a diffusion coefficient measuring 2.54 × 10−9 m2/s at 298 K, whereas it was 1.02 × 10−9 m2/s in zeolite 5A under identical conditions. The activation energy for molecular diffusion reaches 5.54 kJ/mol in zeolite 5A, exceeding the 4.12 kJ/mol value in ITQ-29 by 33%, which accounts for the slower diffusion kinetics in zeolite 5A. There is good agreement between experimental measurements and molecular simulation results for zeolite 5A across the studied temperature and pressure ranges. This confirms the accuracy and reliability of the selected simulation parameters and allows for the study of zeolite ITQ under similar simulation conditions. This research provides insights into CO2 adsorption energetics and diffusion within LTA-type zeolite frameworks, supporting the rational design of high-performance adsorbents for industrial gas separation.","author":[{"family":"Elsayed","given":"Magdy"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Shixue"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Xiaohui"},{"family":"Manggada","given":"Gumawa"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhongyuan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Fang"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Zhijuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15141077","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15141077","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406464804","type":"article-journal","title":"From Policy to Practice: Assessing Carbon Storage in Fujian Province Using Patch-Generating Land Use Simulation and Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs Models","abstract":"Simulating and predicting carbon storage under different development scenarios is crucial for formulating effective carbon management strategies and achieving carbon neutrality goals. However, studies that focus on specific regions and incorporate local policy context require further investigation. Taking Fujian Province as a case study, this research developed four policy-driven scenarios—natural development, farmland protection, urban development, and ecological protection—based on local policy frameworks. Using the PLUS (Patch-generating Land Use Simulation) and InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) models, the study simulated and predicted the carbon storage dynamics under each scenario. The results show that carbon storage declined from 1995 to 2020, mainly due to the conversion of forests and agricultural land into construction areas. The ecological protection scenario demonstrated the highest potential for carbon storage recovery, projecting an increase to 2.02 billion tons by 2030, driven by afforestation and conservation initiatives. Conversely, the urban development scenario posed the greatest risks, leading to substantial losses. Key conservation areas, including 12 priority districts, were identified in the western and northwestern regions, while coastal urban areas, comprising 31 vulnerable districts, face significant carbon storage losses. These findings emphasize the need for balanced land use policies that prioritize both urban development and ecological protection to achieve sustainable carbon management.","author":[{"family":"Nie","given":"Qin"},{"family":"Man","given":"Wang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zongmei"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Xuewen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/land14010179","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land14010179","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406735977","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrated Plant Design for Green Hydrogen Production and Power Generation in Photovoltaic Systems: Balancing Electrolyzer Sizing and Storage","abstract":"This study evaluates the performance and feasibility of hybrid photovoltaic–hydrogen systems integrated with 4.2 MW PV installations, focusing on the interplay between electrolyzer capacity, energy storage, and hydrogen production. Key findings reveal that downsizing electrolyzers, such as using a 1 MW unit instead of a 2 MW model, increases operational efficiency by extending nominal power usage, though it reduces total hydrogen output by approximately 50%. Meanwhile, expanding energy storage systems show diminishing returns, with added capacity offering minimal gains in hydrogen production and raising economic concerns. The system’s performance is highly weather-dependent, with daily hydrogen production ranging from 26 kg on cloudy winter days to 375 kg during sunny summer conditions. Surplus energy export to the grid peaks at 3300 kWh during periods of high solar generation but is minimal otherwise. For economic and operational viability, the system design must prioritize directing a majority of PV energy to hydrogen production while minimizing grid export, requiring a minimum of 50% PV energy allocation to the hydrogen value chain. Cost analysis estimates a Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) as low as €6/kg with an optimized configuration of a 2 MW electrolyzer and 2 MWh battery. Although high production costs challenge economic sustainability, careful component optimization and supportive policies can enable competitive hydrogen pricing and a positive net present value (NPV) over the system’s lifetime.","author":[{"family":"Franco","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Carcasci","given":"Carlo"},{"family":"Ademollo","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Calabrese","given":"Mattia"},{"family":"Giovannini","given":"C"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/hydrogen6010007","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen6010007","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7115791359","type":"article-journal","title":"Atmospheric Pressure Plasma for Carbon Material Modification and Synthesis: A Comprehensive Review","abstract":"Atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) has emerged as a versatile tool for the functionalization, modification, and synthesis of carbon-based materials. This review summarizes the historical development, underlying principles, and current progress of APP in material science, with a particular focus on carbon nanomaterials. The fundamentals of plasma parameters are introduced to highlight their roles in driving plasma-surface interactions and establish the diagnostics for these parameters. Recent advances in gas-phase and plasma-liquid systems and the influence of different plasma chemistries have led to different material functionalization results, which are discussed. Applications of plasma-treated carbon in energy storage, environment, and biomedicine are critically reviewed, demonstrating significant improvements in electrochemical performance, adsorption efficiency, and biocompatibility. Finally, current challenges are outlined alongside future perspectives on integrating APP. This review aims to provide a comprehensive reference for researchers seeking to exploit APP as a green and scalable platform for next-generation carbon materials.","author":[{"family":"Deng","given":"Siqi"},{"family":"Takeuchi","given":"Nozomi"},{"family":"Kaneko","given":"Toshiro"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma18245662","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18245662","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414555045","type":"article-journal","title":"Enhancing water security through integrated storage mechanisms and rainwater harvesting for sustainable development","abstract":"The world faces a growing water crisis, driven by population growth, urbanization, and climate change, with a projected 40% decrease in available water supply by 2030. More than 40% of the global population already experiences water scarcity, a reality exacerbated by declining natural freshwater storage, with a staggering 15,700 Billion Cubic Meters (BCM) lost between 1970 and 2019. Traditional water management strategies are insufficient, highlighting the urgent need for innovative solutions. This uniquely combined Additional Storage Support Mechanisms (ASSM) with Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) to provide decentralized, climate-resilient water solutions. It considers diverting attention away from conventional centralized systems towards a nature-driven, multi-scale storage approach that maximizes groundwater recharge, flood mitigation, and agricultural sustainability. Studies indicate that ASSM and RWH structures, such as subsurface dams, rooftop infiltration, and groundwater tanks can potentially decrease flood volume by a notable percentage, increase water storage up to 273 days, and increase aquifer recharge. The methods provide low-cost, scalable options to water-scarce areas, enhancing climate change resilience and adding to Sustainable Development Goal 6 on the provision of clean water. A risk-based simulation optimization framework showed a 46.51% increment in water allocation efficiency using surface dams, reducing water shortages by up to 87%. The findings emphasize the need for a paradigm shift in water management strategies, beyond traditional approaches, to embrace a more integrated and sustainable approach. The integration of ASSM and RWH into national water strategies will drive progress toward SDG 6 on clean water and sanitation. Investing in these technologies will not only ensure water security but also contribute to sustainable development and a healthier planet.","author":[{"family":"Alao","given":"Joseph"},{"family":"Eze","given":"Stanley"},{"family":"Onyenweife","given":"Geraldine"},{"family":"Ibe","given":"Amarachukwu"},{"family":"Otorkpa","given":"Oche"},{"family":"Ayejoto","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Abubakar","given":"Fahad"},{"family":"Abdulsalami","given":"Momohjimoh"},{"family":"Abdulmalik","given":"Danga"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s43621-025-01914-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01914-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414011020","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparative techno-economic optimization of microgrid configurations using hybrid battery–hydrogen storage: NEOM case study, Saudi Arabia","abstract":"Renewable energy systems are at the core of global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and to combat climate change. Focusing on the role of energy storage in enhancing dependability and efficiency, this paper investigates the design and optimization of a completely sustainable hybrid energy system. Furthermore, hybrid storage systems have been used to evaluate their viability and cost-benefits. Examined under a 100% renewable energy microgrid framework, three setup configurations are as follows: (1) photovoltaic (PV) and Battery Storage System (BSS), (2) Hybrid PV/Wind Turbine (WT)/BSS, and (3) Integrated PV/WT/BSS/Electrolyzer/Hydrogen Tank/Fuel Cell (FC). Using its geographical solar irradiance and wind speed data, this paper inspires on an industrial community in Neom, Saudi Arabia. HOMER software evaluates technical and economic aspects, net present cost (NPC), levelized cost of energy (COE), and operating costs. The results indicate that the PV/BSS configuration offers the most sustainable solution, with a net present cost (NPC) of $2.42M and a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of $0.112/kWh, achieving zero emissions. However, it has lower reliability, as validated by the provided LPSP. In contrast, the PV/WT/BSS/Elec/FC system, with a higher NPC of $2.30M and LCOE of $0.106/kWh, provides improved energy dependability. The PV/WT/BSS system, with an NPC of $2.11M and LCOE of $0.0968/kWh, offers a slightly lower cost but does not provide the same level of reliability. The surplus energy has been implemented for hydrogen production. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of uncertainties in renewable resource availability and economic parameters. The results demonstrate significant variability in system performance across different scenarios.","author":[{"family":"Alharbi","given":"Abdullah"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Ziad"},{"family":"Diab","given":"Ahmed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pone.0326050","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326050","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409506285","type":"article-journal","title":"Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide: Designing the Active Sites and Tracking the Pathways","abstract":"Abstract Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) realizes the recycling of carbon emissions and storage of solar energy into the bonding of organics at the same time, and thus attract great interest in the field of energy and environment. However, the current photocatalytic performance of CO2 reduction cannot match the industrial application. The design of highly efficient photocatalysts with precise selectivity and reliable long‐term stability is still a big challenge, partially because the mechanism of photocatalytic CO2 reduction to guide the design and fabrication, is not completely clear yet. The reduction can involve at most eight electrons for each CO2 molecule, during which several pathways might be opened up at the active sites to consume photocarriers to influence the selectivity and stability. The reduction pathways are dependent on the electronic structure and property of active sites, and the photocatalytic performance can be optimized if those pathways are thermodynamically or kinetically compatible for the target production. This review will summarize the strategy for designing the active sites on the surface of photocatalysts and the investigation on the relation between the active sites and pathways for photocatalytic CO2 reduction, looking ahead at the future development of the photocatalysts and devices for CO2 reduction.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Hongyu"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Caiyuan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Xinyi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/asia.202500106","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asia.202500106","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416067151","type":"article-journal","title":"Environmental impact and net-zero pathways for sustainable artificial intelligence servers in the USA","abstract":"The rapidly increasing demand for generative artificial intelligence (AI) models requires extensive server installation with sustainability implications in terms of the compound energy–water–climate impacts. Here we show that the deployment of AI servers across the United States could generate an annual water footprint ranging from 731 to 1,125 million m3 and additional annual carbon emissions from 24 to 44 Mt CO2-equivalent between 2024 and 2030, depending on the scale of expansion. Other factors, such as industry efficiency initiatives, grid decarbonization rates and the spatial distribution of server locations within the United States, drive deep uncertainties in the estimated water and carbon footprints. We show that the AI server industry is unlikely to meet its net-zero aspirations by 2030 without substantial reliance on highly uncertain carbon offset and water restoration mechanisms. Although best practices may reduce emissions and water footprints by up to 73% and 86%, respectively, their effectiveness is constrained by current energy infrastructure limitations. These findings underscore the urgency of accelerating the energy transition and point to the need for AI companies to harness the clean energy potential of Midwestern states. Coordinating efforts of private actors and regulatory interventions would ensure the competitive and sustainable development of the AI sector. The rapid expansion of AI server installations in the United States poses sustainability challenges in terms of water usage and carbon emissions. A study now quantifies these potential impacts and outlines coordinated mitigation strategies for the AI sector to achieve net-zero.","author":[{"family":"Xiao","given":"Tianqi"},{"family":"Nerini","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Matthews","given":"HD"},{"family":"Tavoni","given":"Massimo"},{"family":"You","given":"Fengqi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41893-025-01681-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-025-01681-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408133676","type":"article-journal","title":"Promoted carbon dioxide capture via Immobilizing polyethyleneimine and ionic liquid to mesoporous SAPO-34","abstract":"The main challenges encountered for supported amine sorbents in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capture are the low CO 2 diffusion and high desorption heat. In this work, we immobilized a mixture of low-viscosity ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole acetate with high affinity for CO 2 and polyethyleneimine (PEI) onto the prepared mesoporous molecular sieve SAPO-34. The apparent sorption/desorption rates were enhanced distinctly, and the time to reach equilibrium was shortened down to 30 min. For comparison, the corresponding time for SAPO-34-PEI was up to 150 min. A low desorption heat of approximately 1.281 to 1.423 GJ t −1 CO 2 was achieved, which is lower than that of the PEI-loaded materials with a value > 1.5 GJ t −1 CO 2 . Meanwhile, the hybrid sorbent (SAPO-34-PEI-IL) enhanced CO 2 sorption capacities compared to SAPO-34-PEI and SAPO-34-IL, i.e., 135 % and 137 % increases, respectively, and exhibited excellent sorption–desorption cycle stability, retaining over 95 % of the initial sorption capacity after 24 cycles. This work presents a novel approach for the supported amine sorbent to be utilized for CO 2 capture in the future.","author":[{"family":"Ye","given":"Nannan"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Yusi"},{"family":"Fei","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yifeng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhiheng"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Yudan"},{"family":"Ji","given":"Xiaoyan"},{"family":"Lü","given":"Xiaohua"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132356","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132356","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413426004","type":"article-journal","title":"Extracting rubber tree parameters and estimating carbon storage using airborne LiDAR","abstract":"Facing the dual challenges of global warming and carbon neutrality, forestry carbon sinks play a vital role in achieving carbon neutrality. Rubber plantations, in particular, offer significant ecological and economic co-benefits. However, the efficient and rapid acquisition of data on rubber plantations and the calculation of carbon stock remain key challenges in forestry carbon sink studies. Airborne LiDAR is a powerful tool for forest surveys, yet its inability to directly measure DBH remains a major limitation. This study seeks to address this issue. High-resolution point cloud data were collected, followed by noise removal and ground point classification. Four individual tree segmentation methods were compared, and a linear regression model based on crown diameter parameters was proposed to estimate DBH. The results indicate that the direct point cloud segmentation method achieved the highest accuracy in tree identification. The proposed linear regression model for DBH estimation effectively predicts DBH, enabling precise biomass estimation. The total biomass estimated in the study area was 592,770.57 kg (aboveground biomass: 550,336.17 kg, belowground biomass: 42,434.39 kg), with the corresponding total carbon stock estimated at 278,602.17 kg.","author":[{"family":"Tai","given":"Haoyu"},{"family":"Rao","given":"Chuangjiang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xia"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hongen"},{"family":"Li","given":"Chen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pone.0330768","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330768","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409972917","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancing Energy Storage: Carbon Nanotubes as Catalysts in Battery Innovation and Materials Science","abstract":"Carbon-based nanomaterials, particularly carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have gained significant attention in energy storage applications due to their excellent mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. CNTs function as elemental components for lithium-ion, lithium-sulfur and lithium-air batteries since they boost charge flow and strengthen electrodes and elevate battery performance rates. The electrical conductivity of modified electrodes rises by 30% and their charge-discharge cycle stability improves by 20% based on experimental findings compared to typical electrode materials. Lithium-sulfur batteries that use CNT materials show better polysulfide retention thus delivering 40% increased battery capacity during 500 consecutive cycles. The research analyzes advanced battery technology and material science through studies of CNT catalysts which addresses their production methods and structural aspects and performance improvement metrics. The paper examines the commercial barriers along with environmental constraints and prospective development aspects of battery technologies based on CNTs while discussing their roles in transforming future energy storage capabilities.","author":[{"family":"Naseer","given":"Saima"},{"family":"Aziz","given":"Usman"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Asnad"},{"family":"Ashraf","given":"Delawar"},{"family":"Karim","given":"Javed"},{"family":"Shah","given":"Kamal"},{"family":"Haq","given":"Isma"},{"family":"Mahmud","given":"Md"},{"family":"Abbas","given":"Aamir"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.36347/sajb.2025.v13i04.009","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2025.v13i04.009","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414443748","type":"article-journal","title":"Hybrid biofactories: integrating microalgae and engineered microbiomes for enhanced biofuel production in circular carbon systems","abstract":"With the growing world demand for sustainable and carbon-neutral energy sources, microalgae have surfaced as a promising source of next-generation biofuels based on their high lipid content, fast growth rate, and their ability to grow on wastewater and carbon dioxide (CO2). Nonetheless, other constraints, including nutritional requirements, threats of contamination, and expensive production processes, make up-scaling challenging. Synthetic biology and microbial ecology have recently allowed engineers to develop, design, and grow synthetic microbiomes, custom microbe communities that can increase microalgal biomass yield, support nutrient reuse, and promote metabolic stability. This mini-review examines the synergistic concept of integrative hybrid biofactories, where microalgae are cultivated concomitantly with designed microbiomes in regulated photobioreactor cultures to realize better biofuel production and environmental sustainability. A particular focus is put on pathway modeling with the help of AI, co-metabolic interactions, and overall system optimization. Putting this discussion into the context of the greater circular carbon economy, the review shows new advances, techno-economic considerations, and prospects on how to scale hybrid systems up to industrial scale.","author":[{"family":"Nneoma","given":"Ugwu"},{"family":"Chukwudi","given":"Ogenyi"},{"family":"Nnenna","given":"Ugwu"},{"family":"Paul-Chima","given":"Ugwu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fenrg.2025.1654079","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2025.1654079","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416722078","type":"article-journal","title":"Mesh-like structure integrated core-shell-shell nanocomposites for enhanced stability and performance in carbon capture","abstract":"Carbon capture is essential for mitigating climate change, yet most sorbents struggle to combine high capacity with chemical stability. Here we report core-shell-shell (CSS) nanocomposites that integrate adsorption efficiency with exceptional robustness. The design couples a metal-organic framework (MOF) core, which enriches local CO2 concentration, with a polyamine shell that is reorganized into a porous, ordered network through entanglement with an outer covalent organic framework (COF) shell. This hierarchical architecture enables dual amine functionalization via sequential “click” and Schiff-base reactions, achieving a CO2 uptake of 3.4 mmol g−1 at 1 bar. The COF outer layer also acts as a protective barrier, suppressing humidity interference and doubling cycling stability under simulated flue gas. Remarkably, the nanocomposites maintain structural integrity after one week in strongly acidic (3 M HNO3) or basic (NaOH, pH=14) environments, underscoring their chemical resilience. By uniting high capacity, cycling durability, and environmental tolerance, this CSS strategy offers a versatile platform for next-generation carbon capture materials. The study reports a metal-organic framework (MOF) - covalent organic framework (COF) nanocomposite with dual amine sites that captures CO2 efficiently and remains stable under humid, harsh conditions, offering a promising path for next-generation carbon capture.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Sizhuo"},{"family":"Mao","given":"Haiyan"},{"family":"Dun","given":"Chaochao"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jianfang"},{"family":"Hou","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Angela"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Jane"},{"family":"Li","given":"Donglin"},{"family":"Lyu","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhouyi"},{"family":"Lv","given":"Xudong"},{"family":"Zhuang","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Xueer"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"XR"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Gang"},{"family":"Reimer","given":"Jeffrey"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Urban","given":"Jeffrey"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-65531-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65531-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407313707","type":"article-journal","title":"Water resource utilization and future supply–demand scenarios in energy cities of semi-arid regions","abstract":"Analyzing the characteristics of water resource utilization and forecasting future supply-demand dynamics are of great practical significance for water resource planning and allocation. This study focuses on the water supply-demand challenges in energy cities located in semi-arid regions, using Qingyang City as a case study. The future water demand of various sectors was simulated and projected, and the supply-demand balance under different socioeconomic and climate scenarios was analyzed using the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways framework combined with climate model data. This research addresses the gap in the existing literature concerning the analysis of water supply-demand structures in energy cities under climate change and provides scientific support for regional sustainable development. The results show that: (1) Over the past 20 years, water supply and utilization in Qingyang City have exhibited significant growth trends, with agricultural water use continuously increasing, industrial water use fluctuating, domestic water use remaining stable, and ecological water use growing significantly; (2) From 2024 to 2035, the water demand of various sectors is projected to change substantially, with agricultural and ecological water use being highly sensitive to scenario configurations; (3) Under high economic growth scenarios, Qingyang City is likely to face severe water shortages.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Li","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hengji"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yaozong"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Tonglin"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Li"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yun"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jianxiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-85458-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85458-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409606219","type":"article-journal","title":"Integration of Biochar Injection Systems for Carbon Sequestration in Depleted Reservoirs","abstract":"Abstract The United Arab Emirates (UAE) stands among the foremost global exporters of petroleum, a position that has fueled its economic growth and heightened its profile in the international energy domain (Palhares, 2024). However, the large-scale production and consumption of hydrocarbons inevitably imposes significant environmental burdens, primarily in the form of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that contribute to global climate challenges (SPE, 2025). This paper proposes an innovative method for carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) by injecting biochar a carbon-rich byproduct of biomass pyrolysis into depleted oil and gas reservoirs (AlDossary et al., 2024). The primary goal is to achieve net-zero emissions by harnessing stability, high carbon density, and porosity of biochar for long-term carbon sequestration, thereby reshaping industry practices through sustainable initiatives (Khanifar and Mousavimirkalaei, 2024). By evaluating design parameters including pyrolysis conditions, injection procedures, and real-time monitoring, this study explores the potential of biochar injections to securely lock carbon over extended timescales. Additionally, ancillary benefits such as enhanced oil recovery (EOR), reduced waste streams, and soil fertility improvements are discussed (Venkatesh, 2022). Laboratory and pilot-scale field tests underscore biochar’s stability in reservoir conditions and affirm its capacity for extended carbon retention (Hao et al., 2014). Biochar injection emerges as a strategic tool for mitigating GHG emissions, aligning seamlessly with the UAE’s larger vision for climate responsibility and sustainable resource management.","author":[{"family":"Alhashmi","given":"Abdulaziz"},{"family":"Alhammadi","given":"R"},{"family":"Alshamsi","given":"Suad"},{"family":"Hussain","given":"Khadim"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.2118/224758-ms","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2118/224758-ms","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411440353","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon mineralization pathways in interfacial adsorbed water nanofilms","abstract":"Abstract Carbon mineralization in humidified carbon dioxide offers a promising route to mitigate anthropogenic emissions in a world stressed by water security. Despite its technological importance, our understanding of carbonation in water-poor environments lags, as traditional dissolution-precipitation pathways struggle to explain the adsorbed water nanofilm-mediated reactivity. Here, we utilize in operando X-ray diffraction (XRD) and advanced molecular simulations to investigate nanoconfined reactions driving forsterite carbonation, the magnesium-rich olivine. By examining magnesium ion dissolution and transport in atomistic simulations of the forsterite-water-carbon dioxide interface and comparing these with the in operando XRD activation energies, we identify both processes as rate-limiting at saturation. Our simulations reveal a mechanistic view of interfacial carbonation, where dissolution and precipitation are mediated by anomalous quasi two-dimensional diffusion. The transport process involves intermittent diffusive hopping in the desorbed state, separated by crawling events that are spatially short but temporally long. This understanding transcends carbon mineralization, with implications for understanding the transport of contaminants in geosystems, the design of multifunctional materials, water desalination, and molecular recognition systems.","author":[{"family":"Youzi","given":"Mehrdad"},{"family":"Stapper","given":"Julian"},{"family":"Zare","given":"Siavash"},{"family":"Schaef","given":"Herbert"},{"family":"Bowden","given":"Mark"},{"family":"Rosso","given":"Kevin"},{"family":"Miller","given":"Quin"},{"family":"Qomi","given":"Mohammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s43247-025-02436-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02436-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408372975","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancing apple orchard management through soil organic carbon: A systems‐based review","abstract":"Abstract Modern agricultural systems face the challenge of balancing high productivity and ecological sustainability. Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a key role in connecting the productive and ecological functions of apple orchards by acting as a bridge between human activities and natural processes. This review highlights new research on how SOC can transform agricultural landscapes in apple orchards. SOC not only serves as a reservoir of nutrients but also acts as a central concept to link different aspects of agricultural systems. Agronomic management practices, such as precise handling of crop residues, innovative organic soil amendments, and diverse cover cropping systems, have proven effective in improving essential ecosystem functions in apple orchard management. These methods enhance nutrient cycling, promote beneficial soil microbes, and increase resilience in farming systems. By viewing agricultural landscapes as interconnected networks that serve multiple purposes, this study moves beyond conventional one‐size‐fits‐all approaches to farming. SOC is a critical factor in delivering ecosystem services. This review emphasizes that tailored site‐specific farming practices can help achieve a balance between productivity and environmental health. We recommend adopting an integrated approach for apple orchard management that focuses on continuous learning and targeted actions across different levels of farming operations.","author":[{"family":"Jakhro","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Habib","given":"Maliha"},{"family":"Zhai","given":"Bingnian"},{"family":"Li","given":"Ziyan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/sum.70042","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.70042","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416995252","type":"article-journal","title":"CVD-Engineered Nano Carbon Architectures: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Outlook","abstract":"Graphitic nanomaterials have emerged as foundational components in nanoscience owing to their exceptional electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties, which can be tuned by controlling dimensionality and structural order. From zero-dimensional (0D) quantum dots, carbon nano-onions, and nanodiamonds to one-dimensional (1D) nanoribbons, two-dimensional (2D) nanowalls, and three-dimensional (3D) graphene foams, these architectures underpin advancements in catalysis, energy storage, sensing, and electronic technologies. Among various synthesis routes, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) provides unmatched versatility, enabling atomic-level control over carbon supply, substrate interactions, and plasma activation to produce well defined graphitic structures directly on functional supports. This review presents a comprehensive, dimension-resolved overview of CVD-derived graphitic nanomaterials, examining how process parameters such as precursor chemistry, temperature, hydrogen etching, and template design govern nucleation, crystallinity, and morphological evolution across 0D to 3D hierarchies. Comparative analyses of Raman, XPS, and XRD data are integrated to relate structural features with growth mechanisms and functional performance. By connecting mechanistic principles across dimensional scales, this review establishes a unified framework for understanding and optimizing CVD synthesis of graphitic nanostructures. It concludes by outlining a path forward for improving how CVD-grown carbon nanomaterials are made, monitored, and integrated into real devices so these can move from lab-scale experiments to practical, scalable technologies.","author":[{"family":"Hasan","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Abrahamczyk","given":"Szymon"},{"family":"Awan","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Sakreida","given":"Ondřej"},{"family":"Bachmatiuk","given":"Alicja"},{"family":"Martynková","given":"Gražyna"},{"family":"Barabaszová","given":"Karla"},{"family":"Rümmeli","given":"Mark"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15231834","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15231834","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410862580","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Hybrid CO₂ Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Sustainable Approach Assessment of CO₂ injection strategies that maximize hydrocarbon recovery while ensuring long-term geological storage stability.","abstract":"Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies are pivotal in mitigating climate change by reducing CO₂ emissions from industrial sources. Among the most promising CCUS approaches is the integration of CO₂ sequestration with Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), which not only aids in reducing atmospheric CO₂ but also enhances hydrocarbon recovery from mature oil reservoirs. This evaluates hybrid CO₂ sequestration and EOR strategies, focusing on the optimization of CO₂ injection methods that maximize oil recovery while ensuring the long-term geological stability of the stored CO₂. CO₂ injection into oil reservoirs enhances oil recovery through mechanisms such as miscible displacement, oil viscosity reduction, and swelling effects. The study examines various CO₂ injection strategies, including continuous, cyclic, and water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection, and their effectiveness in improving oil recovery efficiency. Additionally, advanced methods like foam-assisted CO₂ injection are explored for their potential in increasing sweep efficiency and reducing CO₂ mobility, thus enhancing both hydrocarbon recovery and storage security. Ensuring the long-term stability of stored CO₂ is critical to the success of CCUS projects. The study assesses the factors influencing CO₂ retention, including capillary trapping, mineralization, and solubility trapping, and highlights the role of advanced monitoring techniques, such as 4D seismic imaging and pressure monitoring, to detect potential leakage and ensure the integrity of storage sites. This emphasizes the environmental and economic benefits of hybrid CCUS-EOR systems, which offer a dual advantage of climate change mitigation and extended hydrocarbon production. The review concludes with an analysis of the challenges and future directions for large-scale deployment, including technological advancements, cost barriers, and regulatory considerations, ultimately advocating for policy support and investment in CCUS technologies for sustainable energy production.","author":[{"family":"Limited","given":"Total"},{"family":"Essien","given":"Nkese"},{"family":"Etukudoh","given":"Emmanuel"},{"family":"Independent Researcher","given":"Nigeria"},{"family":"Okenwa","given":"Odira"},{"family":"Independent Researcher","given":"Benin"},{"family":"Owulade","given":"Olumide"},{"family":"Independent Researcher","given":"Nigeria"},{"family":"Isi","given":"Lawani"},{"family":"Schlumberger Oilfield Services Lagos","given":"Nigeria"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.47191/etj/v10i05.08","URL":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v10i05.08","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410001079","type":"article-journal","title":"Coupling Coordination Analysis of the Marine Low-Carbon Economy and Carbon Emission Reduction from the Perspective of China’s Dual Carbon Goals","abstract":"Against the backdrop of global warming, the marine low-carbon economy has emerged as a crucial pathway to achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. This paper develops an evaluation index system for the marine low-carbon economy and carbon emission reduction. Using data from China’s coastal provinces (2012–2021), the study employs methods such as the entropy weight method, the coupled coordination model, K-means++ clustering, and grey correlation analysis to analyze the interaction between the marine low-carbon economy and carbon emission reduction. The study revealed the following findings: (1) From 2012 to 2022, the development of the marine low-carbon economy exhibited an “N”-shaped pattern, while the trend of carbon emission reduction generally followed the opposite pattern due to a “lag” effect. (2) The coordination between the two systems improved gradually, reaching an intermediate level from 2018 to 2021. (3) Among the internal factors related to the interaction between the marine low-carbon economy and carbon emission reduction, fossil energy consumption and wetland areas are the primary sensitivity factors. (4) External factor analysis through the use of grey correlation analysis revealed that the structure of the marine industry and technological innovation are the main drivers of the interaction, while carbon market trading showed the lowest correlation out of all the external factors, indicating that the mechanism design needs further improvement. (5) Compared with other coastal countries, China still has much room for progress in regard to the construction of MPAs and the restoration of blue carbon ecosystems. This paper introduces a method to quantify the development level of the marine low-carbon economy and assess the effects of marine carbon emission reduction, analyzing the coupling coordination between China’s marine low-carbon economy and carbon emission reduction. This research provides a foundation for Chinese policymakers and offers insights into green and sustainable development of the global marine economy.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Chunjuan"},{"family":"Liao","given":"Sitong"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Xiao"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Dahai"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Ying"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17094100","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094100","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409239483","type":"article-journal","title":"Organic carbon sequestration in global croplands: evidenced through a bibliometric approach","abstract":"Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) in cropland soils improves soil health and water quality, crop productivity, and resilience to climate-driven changes by influencing key soil processes. However, research on cropland SOC sequestration based on bibliometric analyses of highly cited documents is lacking. This bibliometric study investigated the current status and development characteristics, research impact, intellectual base, and research hotspots of highly cited cropland SOC sequestration research using the Web of Science Core Collection databases from 2012 to 2022. The analysis and visualization tools such as Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Power BI, and Flourish Studio, provided a comprehensive approach for research evaluation, identifying trends, and knowledge mapping of cropland SOC sequestration research. The findings indicate that the United States and China dominate global research, with the Chinese Academy of Sciences as the leading institution. Key journals include Soil Biology and Biochemistry and Geoderma. e. The trend topic graph indicated that “soil organic carbon” and “soil organic matter” are the most persistent themes since 2015. In contrast, recent research focuses on “climate change mitigation,” “soil health” and “soil aggregation”. Moreover, burst analysis of citation and keywords revealed significant insights into the potential role of microbes in transforming and stabilizing soil organic matter. The findings of the present study emphasized that adopting management practices aimed at enhancing carbon inputs increases C sequestration in croplands, thus improving soil health and help in advancing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).","author":[{"family":"Abrar","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Waqas","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Mehmood","given":"Khalid"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Ruqin"},{"family":"Memon","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Siddique","given":"Nadeem"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Minggang"},{"family":"Du","given":"Jianjun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fenvs.2025.1495991","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1495991","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406480771","type":"article-journal","title":"Low‐Carbon Dispatch of Integrated Energy Systems Considering Solar Thermal Coupled Combined Heat and Power Units","abstract":"ABSTRACT To reduce carbon emissions of an integrated energy system (IES), and decrease curtailment of wind and solar energy due to the “power determined by heat” characteristics of combined heat and power (CHP) units, this paper proposes a low‐carbon and economic optimal scheduling model of an IES that considers solar thermal coupled with CHP. First, to alleviate the coupling of heat and electric power, a solar thermal collector (STC)‐CHP unit model is developed by integrating an STC unit with the traditional CHP unit in the IES. In addition, hydrogen energy utilization equipment, including hydrogen fuel cell (HFC), hydrogen storage (HS), is introduced based on the traditional power‐to‐gas (P2G) process, to fully exploit the value of hydrogen. Meanwhile, the carbon capture system (CCS) is considered in the IES to reduce the carbon emission. Next, a low‐carbon economic dispatch model of the STC‐CHP‐P2G‐CCS coupled IES is established considering the reward and punishment ladder‐type carbon trading (RPLCT) mechanism, aiming to minimize economic costs. The proposed model is solved by programming the CPLEX solver through the YALMIP toolbox. Finally, two categories of scenarios simulation are set up to evaluate the proposed IES and its dispatch strategy. Results show that the total daily operating cost of the proposed system amounts to 8.6525 million RMB, marking a significant reduction of 8.2695 million RMB compared to the basic system. This substantial saving not only covers but also exceeds the daily investment cost of 1.8561 million RMB required for the new equipment, demonstrating a certain level of economic viability. In addition, the system achieves a 100% renewable energy accommodation rate, and carbon emissions are reduced by 2596.3 tons by incorporating the RPLCT mechanism, achieving negative carbon emissions.","author":[{"family":"Lv","given":"You"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zeyang"},{"family":"Deng","given":"Dan"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Yijun"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Tenghui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ese3.1995","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1995","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406690375","type":"article-journal","title":"Unifying the Description of Hydrocarbons and Hydrogenated Carbon Materials with a Chemically Reactive Machine Learning Interatomic Potential","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide We present a general-purpose machine learning (ML) interatomic potential for carbon and hydrogen which is capable of simulating various materials and molecules composed of these elements. This ML interatomic potential is trained using the Gaussian approximation potential (GAP) framework with an extensive data set of C–H configurations obtained from density functional theory. The data set is constructed through iterative training and structure-search techniques that generate a broad range of configurations to comprehensively sample the potential energy surface. Furthermore, the data set is supplemented with relevant bulk, molecular, and high-pressure structures. Finally, long-range van der Waals interactions are added as a locally parametrized model. The accuracy and generality of the potential are validated through the analysis of different simulations under a wide range of conditions, including weak interactions, high temperature, and high pressure. We show that our CH GAP model describes different problems such as the formation of simple and complex alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H), and CH systems at extreme conditions, while retaining good accuracy for pure carbon materials. We use this model to generate hydrocarbons of different sizes and complexity without prior knowledge of organic chemistry rules, and to highlight intrinsic limitations to the simultaneous description on intra- and intermolecular interactions within a single computational framework. Our general-purpose ML interatomic potential has the capability to significantly advance research in the field of H-containing carbon materials and compounds, particularly in the areas where longer dynamics, reactivity, and large-scale effects may be important.","author":[{"family":"Ibragimova","given":"Rina"},{"family":"Kuklin","given":"Mikhail"},{"family":"Zarrouk","given":"Tigany"},{"family":"Miguel","given":"A"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c02905","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c02905","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409628481","type":"article-journal","title":"Achieving carbon-neutral economies through circular economy, digitalization, and energy transition","abstract":"Decarbonization is of utmost importance to effectively address climate change, advance environmental sustainability, and protect biodiversity and ecosystems. Therefore, developed and developing economies are focusing on adopting various approaches to achieve zero carbon emissions. Thus, this study attempted to generate a meaningful relationship between the circular economy, digitalization, energy transition, and eco-friendly trade strategy to capture the role of factors that function to attain carbon neutrality. For the above-given objectives, dynamic econometric methods, such as the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag model (CS-ARDL), were adopted to assess the G7 dataset between 1990 and 2022. These findings suggest that the parameters under investigation are important for achieving carbon neutrality in G7 in the long term. Moreover, Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSe) confirmed that every aspect affects carbon neutrality. Consequently, the long-term attainment of decarbonization is greatly aided by a circular economy, digitalization, energy transformation, and green trade. Thus, significant and comprehensive policy changes are needed in several sectors, such as the development of digitization, environmental regulations, sustainable and green technology, and renewable energy sources.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Mingyue"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Ruiqing"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Huijuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-97810-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97810-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411513438","type":"article-journal","title":"Fresh air or a hard road? Exploring predictors of public acceptance of Carbon Capture and Utilization infrastructure","abstract":"The urgency of mitigating global warming and the growing threat of natural disasters demand swift and decisive action. Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) technologies have emerged as a solution to this challenge, capturing and converting carbon dioxide CO 2 into products, rather than allowing it to be released into the atmosphere. We explore public perception and acceptance of CCU-based products, with a focus on jet fuel as a case study. Using conjoint analysis within an online survey ( N = 1204), we evaluated how contextual factors—transport options, energy sources, and production settings—affect consumer preferences. Participants rated both the acceptability of CO 2 -based jet fuel and the infrastructure required for its local and general production. The results suggest that preferences for the production conditions of CCU plants were driven more by energy supply and transport than by the type of plant manufacturing the final product in both local and general contexts. The acceptance of CCU plants and the production of CO 2 -based jet fuel in both contexts were the strongest predictors of overall acceptance. However, the final CCU product itself, regardless of context, was the least influential factor in shaping public perception. This study provides insights into public perceptions of the production of CO 2 -based jet fuel and identifies key factors influencing local and general acceptance. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the societal dimensions of CCU adoption and complement efforts in technology development and regulatory frameworks necessary for technology integration.","author":[{"family":"Engelmann","given":"Linda"},{"family":"Wilkowska","given":"Wiktoria"},{"family":"Ziefle","given":"Martina"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2025.100145","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfueco.2025.100145","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412760613","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Dynamics in Agroforestry Systems: Implications for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation","abstract":"Agroforestry—the deliberate integration of trees and shrubs into agricultural landscapes—has re-emerged as a pivotal strategy for climate-smart agriculture. This review synthesizes current knowledge on carbon dynamics within agroforestry systems, exploring their potential to mitigate climate change and enhance ecosystem resilience. Agroforestry practices sequester significant quantities of carbon in aboveground and belowground biomass, soil organic carbon (SOC), and litter, with sequestration rates ranging from 0.29 to 15.21 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ depending on species, management, and site conditions. Multistrata systems such as homegardens and silvopastures show the highest carbon storage potential. Beyond mitigation, agroforestry improves microclimate regulation, hydrological buffering, and biodiversity, making it a robust adaptation strategy. The paper discusses spatial variability in carbon stocks across regions, from high SOC gains in tropical Asia to effective silvopastoral systems in Latin America. Methodologies for carbon assessment—ranging from allometric equations to remote sensing and life cycle assessment—are reviewed. Challenges related to knowledge gaps, tenure insecurity, and limited access to carbon finance hinder large-scale adoption. The review highlights emerging innovations in MRV (Measurement, Reporting, and Verification), modeling, and biochar integration as research frontiers. By bridging biophysical evidence with socioeconomic insights, the paper positions agroforestry as an indispensable nature-based solution in global climate policy. Scaling agroforestry systems requires interdisciplinary research, supportive policies, and equitable financing mechanisms to unlock their full mitigation and adaptation potential.","author":[{"family":"Chauhan","given":"Sahil"},{"family":"Kengoo","given":"Ngahanyui"},{"family":"Kishore","given":"Kamal"},{"family":"Haksinhbhai","given":"Makvana"},{"family":"Rana","given":"Prashant"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.9734/ijecc/2025/v15i84960","URL":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2025/v15i84960","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411936674","type":"article-journal","title":"Recycling of plastic bag waste into carbon quantum dots using optimized pyrolysis-hydrothermal methods for selective Fe (III) sensing","abstract":"Abstract Developing carbon-based nanomaterials from waste sources has offered versatile applications and a sustainable solution to environmental pollution. A sustainable approach to recycle plastic bag waste into carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using modified pyrolysis and hydrothermal methods with a low concentration of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant (< 7 wt%) was proposed. Parameter optimization, such as pyrolysis product mass, hydrothermal time, and hydrogen peroxide concentration, was investigated. In this study, CQDs with a high quantum yield of 10.04% were successfully synthesized in a short time of 10 h. Compared to standalone pyrolysis or hydrothermal methods, the integrated pyrolysis-hydrothermal approach enhanced CQDs synthesis efficiency by achieving a shorter reaction time, lower processing temperature, and improved quantum yield. In addition, remarkable fluorescence stability of CQDs was acquired under UV light exposure, in various ionic strengths, and during prolonged storage. The size distribution of CQDs was 1.5–4.5 nm with a defected graphitic structure caused by incorporated oxygenated functional groups, such as carboxyl, carbonyl, and hydroxyl. The presence of these functional groups facilitated selective interaction between CQDs and Fe 3+ ions. Therefore, these CQDs showed high selectivity and sensitivity for Fe 3+ ions in water, with a good correlation coefficient of 0.9983 and a low limit of detection of 9.50 µM. This research highlighted the potential of converting plastic waste into valuable nanomaterials, offering a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for using plastic waste in advanced sensing materials for metal ions. Graphical Abstract","author":[{"family":"Lestari","given":"Ratih"},{"family":"Κamiya","given":"Yuichi"},{"family":"Wahyuningsih","given":"Tutik"},{"family":"Kartini","given":"Indriana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44246-025-00221-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44246-025-00221-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411491372","type":"article-journal","title":"Wireless Soft Athlete Bioelectronics for Monitoring Carbon Dioxide Ventilation and Physiological Performance","abstract":"Wearable devices have become essential tools for monitoring athletes' health and performance. However, most current devices are primarily designed to track physiological signals and physical indicators, which limits their ability to assess a comprehensive range of health parameters during exercise. Therefore, there is a need for a multimodal wearable platform that can capture diverse exercise-related metrics. Here, a wireless soft athlete bioelectronic system is presented that monitors various physiological signals and metabolites during exercise. This system includes a smart-sensing lip guard that detects ventilated carbon dioxide, osmolality, environmental conditions, and humidity-key indicators of the metabolites expelled from the nose and mouth. Additionally, the cardiac patch complements the lip guard by monitoring multiple signals, such as electrocardiograms, heart rates, temperature, and motion. This integrated system is capable of detecting exercise-induced conditions such as dehydration, hyperventilation, and abnormal heart signals. By combining data from both physiological and environmental factors, the wearable device offers a comprehensive assessment of how external conditions influence an athlete's performance. Evaluating the device with human subjects under varying temperature conditions demonstrates its effectiveness in observing exercise performance, regardless of environmental factors, highlighting its significant potential for enhancing athlete healthcare and performance monitoring.","author":[{"family":"Kang","given":"Tae"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Ka"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Yoon"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Hodam"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Sung"},{"family":"Kwon","given":"Youngjin"},{"family":"Yi","given":"Hoon"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Hojoong"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Hyeonseok"},{"family":"Harp","given":"Alec"},{"family":"Ready","given":"WJ"},{"family":"Millardstafford","given":"Mindy"},{"family":"Yeo","given":"Woon‐hong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202503880","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202503880","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417274180","type":"article-journal","title":"MOF-based catalysts for sustainable biodiesel production: classification, performance, and advances from 2020 to 2025","abstract":"Global energy demand and environmental concerns have intensified the search for renewable fuels, with biodiesel emerging as a sustainable substitute for petroleum diesel. Efficient catalysis remains the bottleneck for large-scale biodiesel production. While heterogeneous catalysts offer advantages of reusability and separation, their performance is limited by stability, active sites availability, and reduced activity under harsh conditions. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with their high surface area, tunable porosity, and structural versatility, have recently attracted increasing attention as next-generation catalysts. This work reviewed advances in the design and application of each common MOF type for biodiesel synthesis through esterification and transesterification process. MOF composites, MOF derivatives, and MOF composite materials exhibit superior catalytic performance and recyclability compared to pristine MOFs, making them highly recommended for future research and applications. Beyond summarizing yields and reaction conditions, we highlight mechanistic insights, stability issues, and catalysis performance. Special attention is given to functionalized and composite MOFs, bifunctional systems, and enzyme-MOF hybrids, which demonstrate superior performance compared to pristine MOFs. While UiO- and ZIF-based MOFs dominate current research, emerging systems such as Ca- and Cu-MOFs remain underexplored yet promising. We analyze the key features required in MOF materials for efficient biodiesel production and provide a comprehensive review and categorization of recent advancements. By contrasting MOFs with conventional heterogeneous catalysts and positioning this review against existing literature, we provide a comprehensive and critical perspective on the opportunities and challenges of MOFs in biodiesel catalysis.","author":[{"family":"Keshta","given":"Basem"},{"family":"Abdalla","given":"Sahar"},{"family":"Tesnim","given":"Dhiss"},{"family":"Elreash","given":"Yasmeen"},{"family":"Alfarraj","given":"Eida"},{"family":"Shaban","given":"Mahmoud"},{"family":"Elharairy","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Elharairy","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"El-Saeed","given":"HM"},{"family":"El-Harairy","given":"Amged"},{"family":"El-Harairy","given":"Amged"},{"family":"Shaban","given":"Ebtehal"},{"family":"Abou-Elyazed","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Goda","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Atwa","given":"Elsayed"},{"family":"Keshta","given":"Amr"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5ra07154b","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra07154b","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413877275","type":"article-journal","title":"A novel technological conception of integrated large‐scale CO 2 storage, water recovery, geothermal extraction, hydrogen production, and energy storage","abstract":"Abstract Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is widely recognized as a technological system capable of achieving large‐scale carbon dioxide emission reductions. However, its high costs and potential risks have limited its large‐scale implementation. This study focuses on enhancing the economic viability of traditional CCUS by proposing a novel technological concept and system that integrates CCUS with water extraction, geothermal energy harvesting, hydrogen production, and energy storage. The system comprises three interconnected modules: (1) upstream CO 2 ‐enhanced water recovery (CO 2 ‐EWR), (2) midstream green hydrogen synthesis, and (3) downstream energy utilization. Through detailed explanations of the fundamental concept and related technological systems, its feasibility is demonstrated. Preliminary estimates indicate that under current conditions, the system lacks economic advantages. However, significant reductions in hydrogen production costs could enable the system to yield a profit of nearly 1000 Chinese Yuan (approximately 145 US dollars) per ton of CO 2 in the future. Following an in‐depth investigation, priority implementation in China's Tarim Basin and Ordos Basin is recommended. This technological system could significantly extend the industrial chain of traditional CCUS projects, promising additional social and ecnomic benefits. Furthermore, the involved gas–water displacement technology can help manage formation pressure and reduce leakage risks in large‐scale carbon storage projects.","author":[{"family":"Ci","given":"Huiling"},{"family":"Bai","given":"Bing"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Tiancheng"},{"family":"Lei","given":"Hongwu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/dug2.70055","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dug2.70055","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410173742","type":"article-journal","title":"A Bibliometric and Systematic Review of Carbon Footprint Tracking in Cross-Sector Industries: Emerging Tools and Technologies","abstract":"The Paris Agreement’s pressing global mandate to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by 2030 has placed immense pressure on energy-consuming industries and businesses to deploy robust, advanced, and accurate monitoring and tracking of carbon footprints. This critical issue is examined through a systematic review of English-language studies (2015–2024) retrieved from three leading databases: Scopus (n = 1528), Web of Science (n = 1152), and GreenFILE (n = 271). The selected literature collectively highlights key carbon footprint tracking methods. The resulting dataset is subjected to bibliometric and scientometric analysis after refinement through deduplication and screening, based on the PRISMA framework. Methodologically, the analysis integrated the following: (1) evaluating long-term trends via the Mann–Kendall and Hurst exponent tests; (2) exploring keywords and country-based contributions using VOSviewer (v1.6.20); (3) applying Bradford’s law of scattering and Leimkuhler’s model; and (4) investigating authorship patterns and networks through Biblioshiny (v4.3.0). Further, based on eligibility criteria, 35 papers were comprehensively reviewed to investigate the emerging carbon footprint tracking technologies such as life cycle assessment (LCA), machine learning (ML), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and data analytics. This study identified three main challenges: (a) lack of industry-wide standards and approaches; (b) real-time tracking of dynamic emissions using LCA; and (c) need for robust frameworks for interoperability of these technologies. Overall, our systematic review identifies the current state and trends of technologies and tools used in carbon emissions tracking in cross-sectors such as industries, buildings, construction, and transportation and provides valuable insights for industry practitioners, researchers, and policymakers to develop uniform, integrated, scalable, and compliant carbon tracking systems and support the global shift to a low-carbon and sustainable economy.","author":[{"family":"Adhikari","given":"Nishan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hailin"},{"family":"Gopalakrishnan","given":"Bhaskaran"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17094205","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094205","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409774303","type":"article-journal","title":"Flexible Carbon Fiber Composite with Enhanced Durable Impact‐Resistance and Sensing Capability Based on Polyborosiloxane Network","abstract":"Abstract The demand for lightweight and high‐performance multifunctional composite materials is becoming increasingly widespread nowadays. This study investigates the impact‐resistance and force‐sensing capabilities of polyborosiloxane (PBS) integrated within carbon fiber. Two types of PBS are synthesized with different crosslinking densities, focusing on their rheological and mechanical properties under various strain rates and impact conditions. The results show that peak force is highly correlated with impact energy, rather than velocity, when PBS is in its rubbery state. Interestingly, with the dynamic compression of a high strain rate, PBS produces a yielding stage and then a strengthening stage. Compared to traditional epoxy/carbon laminates, PBS65/Carbon composites exhibited superior impact energy absorption, withstanding up to seven repeated impacts due to the brittle cracking of PBS and its stiffening transition and the self‐healing function. Moreover, the addition of carbon nanotubes to the PBS matrix enabled the development of a force‐sensing composite, which can detect and measure impact forces. The PBS/Carbon laminates also exhibited enhanced flexibility, making them suitable for advanced protective applications requiring repeated impact‐resistance and real‐time force monitoring.","author":[{"family":"Miao","given":"Yajing"},{"family":"Kurkin","given":"Anatoli"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Pengfei"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202503952","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202503952","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406175195","type":"article-journal","title":"Network Evolutionary Game Analysis of Coal-to-Hydrogen CCUS Technology Dissemination in Carbon Trading Market","abstract":"Integrating coal-to-hydrogen production with Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) is essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and facilitating a shift towards a more sustainable energy paradigm. This paper explores the diffusion of CCUS technology within the coal-to-hydrogen sector against the dynamic backdrop of the carbon trading market. An evolutionary game-theoretic approach is utilized within a small-world network framework to analyze the spread of CCUS technology among coal-to-hydrogen enterprises. The simulation reveals that current market dynamics, along with technological, market, and policy-related uncertainties, do not robustly encourage the adoption of CCUS. As the carbon trading market continues to mature, carbon prices become a significant factor influencing the diffusion of CCUS technology in coal-to-hydrogen processes. Furthermore, investment costs, hydrogen market prices, and governmental policies are identified as pivotal elements in the propagation of CCUS technology. This study contributes valuable insights into the sustainable development of the hydrogen industry and the broader implications for low-carbon energy transition strategies.","author":[{"family":"Pan","given":"Hua"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Wang"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yunfeng"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Jiakang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jicheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17020418","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020418","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417316730","type":"article-journal","title":"Cover Crops Enhance Soil Organic Carbon and Soil Quality for Sustainable Crop Yield: A Systematic Review","abstract":"Cover cropping serves as a promising technique with great potential to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC), boost crop productivity, and improve soil quality. The implementation of cover crops as a sustainable agricultural practice has gained popularity worldwide. To further evaluate the role of cover cropping, this systematic review examines empirical evidence from 38 peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2025 to assess the impact of cover cropping on these key outcomes. Studies were selected based on strict inclusion criteria requiring original field data or validated modeling results that evaluated all three outcomes, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data on cropping system, duration, type of cover crop, and outcome metrics were extracted. More than 80% of the literature reported benefits. Multi-species cover crop mixtures that were managed long-term enhanced SOC by 5–30%, with 87% and 55% of studies demonstrating enhanced soil quality and yield, respectively. However, some studies recorded yield reductions in drought-prone regions or when cover crops were terminated at inappropriate times. In some studies, improvements in microbial function and nutrient cycling were observed while several United States (U.S.) studies focused more on physical and biological indicators under dryland conditions. Although outcomes vary by context, cover crops are widely recognized as a viable strategy for climate-smart agriculture and sustainable soil management. To optimize benefits, there is a need for region-specific incentives, targeted agricultural policies, and standardized agronomic guidelines. Cover crops represent a key strategy for climate change mitigation and sustainable soil management. This review reveals that species diversity and long-term adoption are crucial for achieving reliable results. With the integrative focus of this review on the tripartite relationship between SOC, crop yield, and soil quality, as well as its comparative lens on global versus U.S. practices, it is novel because it offers crucial insights for evidence-based policy development and region-specific cover cropping strategies.","author":[{"family":"Salisu","given":"Monsuru"},{"family":"Ampim","given":"Peter"},{"family":"Oyebamiji","given":"Yusuf"},{"family":"Kotochi","given":"Anatu"},{"family":"Imoro","given":"Matilda"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/agronomy15122865","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15122865","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408274957","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon-based iontronics – current state and future perspectives","abstract":"Over the past few decades, carbon materials, including fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and porous carbons, have achieved tremendous success in the fields of energy, environment, medicine, and beyond, through their development and application. Due to their unique physical and chemical characteristics for enabling simultaneous interaction with ions and transport of electrons, carbon materials have been attracting increasing attention in the emerging field of iontronics in recent years. In this review, we first summarize the recent progress and achievements of carbon-based iontronics (ionic sensors, ionic transistors, ionic diodes, ionic pumps, and ionic actuators) for multiple bioinspired applications ranging from information sensing, processing, and actuation, to simple and basic artificial intelligent reflex arc units for the construction of smart and autonomous iontronics. Additionally, the promising potential of carbon materials for smart iontronics is highlighted and prospects are provided in this review, which provide new insights for the further development of nanostructured carbon materials and carbon-based smart iontronics.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Panlong"},{"family":"Galek","given":"Przemysław"},{"family":"Grothe","given":"Julia"},{"family":"Kaskel","given":"Stefan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d4sc06817c","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4sc06817c","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409569433","type":"article-journal","title":"Allometric Models for Estimating Biomass and Carbon Stocks in Natural and Homestead Highland Bamboo Stands in the Sidama Region, Ethiopia","abstract":"Highland bamboo (Oldeania alpina) plays a vital role in supporting local livelihoods, fostering biodiversity conservation and sustainable land management. Despite these benefits, its significant potential for carbon sequestration remains underutilized within Ethiopia’s climate mitigation strategies. In this study, we developed site-specific allometric equations to assess the biomass and carbon storage potential of highland bamboo. Data were collected from the Garamba natural bamboo forest and Hula homestead bamboo stands in the Sidama Regional State, Southern Ethiopia. Data on stand density and structure were gathered using systematically laid transects and sample plots, while plant samples were analyzed in the laboratory to determine the dry-to-fresh weight ratios. We developed allometric models to estimate the aboveground biomass (AGB) and carbon stock. The study results indicated that homestead bamboo stands exhibited higher biomass accumulation than natural bamboo stands. The AGB was estimated at 92.3 Mg ha⁻1 in the natural forest and 118.3 Mg ha⁻1 in homestead bamboo stands, with total biomass carbon storage of 52.1 Mg ha⁻1 and 66.7 Mg ha⁻1, respectively. The findings highlight the significant potential of highland bamboo for carbon sequestration in both natural stands and homesteads. Sustainable management of natural highland bamboo stands and integrating bamboo into farms can contribute to climate change mitigation, support ecosystem restoration, and enhance the socio-economic development of communities.","author":[{"family":"Yebeyen","given":"Dagnew"},{"family":"Jayaraman","given":"Durai"},{"family":"Chinke","given":"Melaku"},{"family":"Sileshi","given":"Gudeta"},{"family":"Rawat","given":"YS"},{"family":"Gizachew","given":"Belachew"},{"family":"Reza","given":"Selim"},{"family":"Desalegne","given":"Fikremariam"},{"family":"Worassa","given":"Kassa"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/f16040701","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f16040701","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410904058","type":"article-journal","title":"Interface engineering for silicon/carbon composite anode in all-solid-state batteries","abstract":"Silicon-based anode is one of the most promising candidates for all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), which however needs to be further improved for its tremendous volume change. This study investigates interface treatment strategies for SiO/carbon composite anodes in ASSBs through a multiphysics modeling framework. By evaluating the effects of active (carbon) and inactive coating materials, as well as geometric and mechanical parameters, the research reveals critical insights into optimizing electrochemical performance and mechanical stability. Computational results demonstrate that carbon coatings significantly enhance lithiation kinetics by regulating interfacial electrochemical potential gradients, reducing residual lithium concentration, and homogenizing lithium-ion distribution compared to uncoated or inactive-coated configurations. Thinner carbon coatings further improve capacity retention and stress management by balancing shorter lithium diffusion pathways with mitigated interfacial stress accumulation. Inactive coatings, while mechanically stabilizing the anode, exhibit tradeoffs between lithium transport kinetics and stress modulation, with optimal performance achieved at lower Young’s moduli. Mechanical analyses highlight distinct failure mechanisms at anode-electrolyte (shear-driven) and particle-coating (tension-driven) interfaces, emphasizing the need for tailored adhesion strategies. These findings provide actionable guidelines for designing robust SiO-based anodes, emphasizing the interplay between electrochemical efficiency, stress regulation, and interfacial durability in ASSBs.","author":[{"family":"Gao","given":"Xiang"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Linan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jianwen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.26599/emd.2025.9370067","URL":"https://doi.org/10.26599/emd.2025.9370067","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412537048","type":"article-journal","title":"Green finance policy and corporate carbon emissions: advancing corporate sustainability","abstract":"The threat posed by climate deterioration are gradually expanding, and excessive carbon emissions resulting from corporate production are one of the main reasons for global warming. Therefore, how to curb corporate carbon emissions has become an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. The “Green Finance Reform and Innovation Pilot Zone” policy serves as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact of green finance policy on corporate carbon emissions with difference-in-differences and double/debiased machine learning methods. Results show that green finance policy can inhibit corporate carbon emissions, particularly direct carbon emissions. It is more significant for firms that are high-energy-efficiency, located in financially developed areas and highly competitive industries. Moreover, the reduction of managerial myopia and the alleviation of information asymmetry are identified as key mediating mechanisms, with stronger mediation effects observed for direct carbon emissions compared to indirect carbon emissions. Additionally, environmental regulation and intellectual property protection positively moderate these relationships. The former predominantly influences indirect carbon emissions, while the latter has a more substantial impact on direct carbon emissions. Overall, the carbon reduction can significantly decrease the operating fee as well as increase corporate value.","author":[{"family":"Lyu","given":"Yanwei"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Xuan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jinning"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1057/s41599-025-05197-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05197-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130716732","type":"article-journal","title":"Environmental performance of olive stone–plastic waste activated carbon composites","abstract":", thereby reducing the amount of adsorbent required for effective pollutant removal. To capture both production efficiency and application relevance, LCA was conducted using two functional units: per kg of AC composite produced and per kg of dye adsorbed. Contribution analysis identifies pyrolysis and polymer dissolution as the dominant contributors to CC and EN. Sensitivity analyses further indicate that pyrolysis energy consumption is the most influential uncertainty parameter. Overall, the results demonstrate that OS and MPW can be effectively co-valorized into high-performance AC composites with favorable environmental profiles.","author":[{"family":"Saleem","given":"Junaid"},{"family":"Moghal","given":"Zubair"},{"family":"Tahir","given":"Furqan"},{"family":"Mckay","given":"Gordon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d6ra00017g","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra00017g","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412658441","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-carbon heating solutions using road thermal collectors and seasonal energy storage in mediterranean climates","abstract":"The building sector accounts for 40% of final energy consumption and 36% of energy-related greenhouse gas emissions in Europe, positioning it as a critical target for decarbonisation under the European Green Deal. Road Thermal Collectors (RTCs), a type of heat-harvesting system, utilize urban surfaces like roads to capture solar energy for thermal applications. When combined with Borehole Thermal Energy Storage (BTES) and water-to-water heat pumps, RTCs provide a multifunctional, low-carbon heating solution while also mitigating urban heat island effects. This study investigates an RTC-BTES hybrid heating system in a school building in southern Italy, where t––he Mediterranean climate poses unique challenges and opportunities for seasonal thermal energy storage. The system’s performance is assessed through dynamic simulations using TRNSYS software, with RTC models validated against experimental data from the University of Palermo. A typical school with an annual heating demand of 166 MWh was analysed, comparing the performance of the proposed integrated heating system with one using conventional gas boilers. The results demonstrate that the integrated system significantly reduces primary energy consumption and CO 2 emissions, offering a scalable and sustainable alternative to fossil fuel-based heating, advancing low-carbon solutions for non-residential buildings.","author":[{"family":"Guarino","given":"Stefania"},{"family":"Buscemi","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Bonomolo","given":"Marina"},{"family":"Beccali","given":"Marco"},{"family":"Brano","given":"Valerio"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101167","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101167","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7108216708","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrated Design, Fundamental Insights, and Strategic Engineering of Carbon‐Based Materials for Next‐Generation Lithium–Sulfur Energy Storage Systems","abstract":"Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have garnered significant attention as next‐generation energy storage systems due to their exceptionally high theoretical capacity and superior gravimetric and volumetric energy densities. However, their widespread adoption remains hindered by persistent challenges, including polysulfide (PS) shuttling, low sulfur utilization, volume expansion, sluggish reaction kinetics, and insufficient sulfur loading. Carbon‐based materials have emerged as promising sulfur hosts, offering structural, morphological, and functional tunability to address these limitations. Various strategies have been explored, including the integration of carbon materials with separators, binders, nanoparticles, and nanosheets; sulfur encapsulation within hollow scaffolds; anchoring of N 4 ‐coordinated single atoms (SAs); self‐assembled biomaterials; functional group engineering; hybridization with polar nanoparticles and gel‐based matrices; biomass‐derived carbon sources; advanced structural modifications. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in carbon‐based material design for LSBs, highlighting key behavioral characteristics, novel approaches, and material optimization strategies. Furthermore, it outlines current performance benchmarks and offers insights into future research directions for the continued advancement of LSB technology.","author":[{"family":"Bari","given":"Gazi"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Kyungjun"},{"family":"Jeong","given":"Jae"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/er/3596594","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/3596594","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406353705","type":"article-journal","title":"Polymer material innovations for a green hydrogen economy","abstract":"Polymeric materials are ubiquitous in modern life. Similar to many other technological applications, polymer materials are essential in advancing the green hydrogen economy, offering solutions for hydrogen production, storage, transport, and utilization. In production, polymeric proton exchange membranes in water electrolysers enable efficient green hydrogen generation using renewable energy. Polymer-based composite tanks provide lightweight, high-strength on-board storage options for vehicles, enhancing safety and reducing costs. Polymeric proton exchange membranes in fuel cells efficiently convert hydrogen into electricity. Polymers also support hydrogen infrastructure with corrosion-resistant, durable pipelines, distribution ports and as hydrogen sensors. Additionally, porous and reversible hydrogenated-to-dehydrogenated forms of polymers show promise for material-based storage systems. This review highlights the role of polymer materials, their current advancements supporting a green hydrogen economy as a solution for a low-carbon future and future research directions.","author":[{"family":"Jana","given":"Satyasankar"},{"family":"Parthiban","given":"Anbanandam"},{"family":"Rusli","given":"Wendy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d4cc05750c","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4cc05750c","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407670330","type":"article-journal","title":"Current Status and Reflections on Ocean CO2 Sequestration: A Review","abstract":"Climate change has become one of the most pressing global challenges, with greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), being the primary drivers of global warming. To effectively address climate change, reducing carbon emissions has become an urgent task for countries worldwide. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies are regarded as crucial measures to combat climate change, among which ocean CO2 sequestration has emerged as a promising approach. Recent reports from the International Energy Agency (IEA) indicate that by 2060, CCUS technologies could contribute up to 14% of global cumulative carbon reductions, highlighting their significant potential in mitigating climate change. This review discusses the main technological pathways for ocean CO2 sequestration, including oceanic water column sequestration, CO2 oil and gas/coal seam geological sequestration, saline aquifer sequestration, and seabed methane hydrate sequestration. The current research status and challenges of these technologies are reviewed, with a particular focus on the potential of seabed methane hydrate sequestration, which offers a storage density of approximately 0.5 to 1.0 Gt per cubic kilometer of hydrate. This article delves into the formation mechanisms, stability conditions, and storage advantages of CO2 hydrates. CO2 sequestration via hydrates not only offers high storage density but also ensures long-term stability in the low-temperature, high-pressure conditions of the seabed, minimizing leakage risks. This makes it one of the most promising ocean CO2 sequestration technologies. This paper also analyzes the difficulties faced by ocean CO2 sequestration technologies, such as the kinetic limitations of hydrate formation and leakage monitoring during the sequestration process. Finally, this paper looks ahead to the future development of ocean CO2 sequestration technologies, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for optimizing their application and promoting a low-carbon economy.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Shanling"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Sheng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hongda"},{"family":"Li","given":"Peiran"},{"family":"Zhong","given":"Xiuping"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Chen"},{"family":"Tu","given":"Guigang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xiang"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Zhenhua"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18040942","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18040942","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410597255","type":"article-journal","title":"Floating Offshore Wind and Carbon Credits in Brazil: A Case Study on Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Unit Decarbonization","abstract":"This study analyzes the economic impacts of integrating floating offshore wind farms with a Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) unit to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The idea is to replace the use of natural gas for power supply with an offshore wind farm, considering the effects of carbon pricing. Results show that wind integration reduces emissions by 23% to 76%, depending on the installed capacity. However, higher wind capacity increases total system costs, initial investment, electricity and operational expenses. The Brazilian carbon credit market adversely impacts existing FPSO units as a result of the compulsory carbon trading costs necessary to mitigate their emissions. In contrast, wind-integrated scenarios benefited from carbon pricing, improving financial indicators such as payback period and Return on Investment. Wind shares of 30% and 70% yielded the best financial results for carbon prices between 10 and 50 United States Dollars per ton, with higher penalties further improving viability. These findings elucidate the significance of carbon pricing in mitigating emissions and enhancing the economic feasibility of offshore wind farms within the context of the Brazilian national FPSO decarbonization strategy.","author":[{"family":"Schetinger","given":"Annelys"},{"family":"Bozelli","given":"Hugo"},{"family":"Amaral","given":"João"},{"family":"Souza","given":"Carolina"},{"family":"Pereira","given":"Amaro"},{"family":"Alves","given":"André"},{"family":"Emmerik","given":"Emanuel"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Giulia"},{"family":"Cambruzzi","given":"Pedro"},{"family":"Dias","given":"Robson"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/resources14060085","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/resources14060085","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406252952","type":"article-journal","title":"The impact of low-carbon city pilot policy on carbon emission intensity: evidence from China using a multi-period difference-in-differences model","abstract":"In the context of global efforts to combat climate change, highlighted by the 2024 UN Climate Change Conference (COP29) and the growing global emphasis on low-carbon development, this study investigates the impact of China’s low-carbon city pilot policies on carbon emission intensity. Using data from 283 Chinese cities between 2005 and 2021, a multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) model is employed to analyze the effects of these policies. The study also explores the mediating mechanisms, moderating effects, and heterogeneity across cities. The main findings are as follows: (1) The low-carbon city pilot policies significantly reduce carbon emission intensity, with the impact becoming stronger and more stable over time. (2) The reduction in carbon intensity is partially mediated by enhanced carbon sink levels and industrial structure upgrades, although technological investment does not have a significant effect. (3) Environmental regulations negatively moderate the policy’s effectiveness, while fiscal freedom and population growth rates positively influence its impact. (4) The effects of the policy are heterogeneous across cities, driven by differences in economic levels, geographical locations, industrial bases, resource endowments, and population sizes. This paper provides valuable empirical insights and policy recommendations for China’s low-carbon transition and for achieving its carbon neutrality and peak emission targets.","author":[{"family":"Shu","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fenvs.2024.1488526","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1488526","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406583498","type":"article-journal","title":"Leveraging the Internet of Things, Remote Sensing, and Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Forest Management","abstract":"Sustainable forest management is vital for addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and deforestation. Human-induced stresses on forest ecosystems demand innovative approaches to ensure long-term health and productivity. This study explores how cutting-edge technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT), remote sensing, and artificial intelligence (AI), enhance sustainable forest management practices. Researchers reviewed 196 studies published between 2021 and 2024 from IEEE Xplore Digital Library, MDPI, Taylor & Francis, ScienceDirect, Frontiers, Springer, SAGE, Hindawi, Nature, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar. The findings highlight IoT devices like drones, enabling real-time data collection on temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and tree growth, facilitating continuous forest monitoring. Remote sensing technologies, utilizing satellite imagery and aerial surveys, deliver high-resolution data for large-scale forest assessments, including forest cover changes, biomass estimation, and early detection of illegal logging. When integrated with AI, these tools enhance predictive modeling, data analysis, and decision-making, leading to more effective forest management strategies. The study also identifies challenges such as data security concerns, bandwidth limitations, interoperability issues, and high costs. Despite these barriers, IoT, remote sensing, and AI present transformative potential for improving forest resilience, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity conservation. These technologies are crucial in preserving forest ecosystems and mitigating climate change impacts by advancing real-time monitoring, optimizing resource allocation, and enabling data-driven decisions.","author":[{"family":"Ali","given":"Guma"},{"family":"Mıjwıl","given":"Maad"},{"family":"Adamopoulos","given":"Ioannis"},{"family":"Ayad","given":"Jenan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.58496/bjiot/2025/001","URL":"https://doi.org/10.58496/bjiot/2025/001","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417112647","type":"article-journal","title":"Increased Retention of Litter‐Derived Organic Carbon With Increasing Initial Carbon Content in Temperate Agricultural Soils","abstract":"ABSTRACT Stabilized soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual plays a crucial role in long‐term atmospheric CO 2 sequestration. The organic carbon in the fine silt and clay size fraction (OC fine ) is typically mineral‐associated and thus relatively stable. However, the SOC saturation concept suggests that the OC fine has limited capacity for additional carbon (C) storage, thereby constraining further C sequestration. Low‐OC and fine‐textured soils are thought to have greater potential to stabilize additional OC than High‐OC and coarse‐textured soils due to their higher available storage space. Here, we assessed soils' potential to stabilize additional OC using 21 temperate agricultural soils, varying in SOC (0.7%–10.2%), silt + clay content (32%–92%), and OC loading of fine fraction (17–135 g C kg −1 ). We investigated the decomposition and recovery of uniform 13 C labeled litter after 2 years in two size‐based fractions: OC coarse (> 20 μm, the OC associated with coarse silt and sand) and OC fine (< 20 μm). Litter‐derived OC retention increased significantly with initial SOC content and fine fraction OC loading, primarily driven by the OC coarse fraction, which indicated that less added C was utilized by microbes when enough C was already abundant. In contrast, litter‐derived OC fine formation was negatively correlated with initial SOC and fine fraction OC loading. However, when normalized to the amount of actually decomposed litter, initial SOC and texture did not significantly affect the efficiency of OC fine formation. NanoSIMS showed litter‐derived OC forming at distinct microscale patches, partly overlapping with OM‐ and mineral‐dominated sites. Both findings together revealed that initial SOC content in the studied range, OC loading of the fine fraction, or even soil texture may not be major limiting factors of new OC fine formation. Instead, increasing initial SOC content appeared to have a positive effect on litter‐derived OC retention by retarding its mineralization.","author":[{"family":"Begill","given":"Neha"},{"family":"Schweizer","given":"Steffen"},{"family":"Don","given":"Axel"},{"family":"Höschen","given":"Carmen"},{"family":"Schiedung","given":"Marcus"},{"family":"Guggenberger","given":"Georg"},{"family":"Poeplau","given":"Christopher"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/gcb.70646","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70646","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408028933","type":"article-journal","title":"Chinese ties and low carbon industrialization in Africa","abstract":"This paper examines the impact of Chinese foreign direct investment (FDI) on low-carbon industrialization in Africa, within the context of China's growing economic ties with the continent. The analysis relies on a panel dataset comprising Chinese greenfield FDI into the manufacturing sectors of 34 African countries from 2003 to 2014, employing the Lewbel Instrumental Variable approach to address potential endogeneity issues. The results show that these Chinese FDI inflows increased industrial carbon emissions in Africa. This adverse effect is particularly pronounced when Chinese FDI targets labor and resource-intensive manufacturing sectors. We attribute this finding to two mechanisms: the sector concentration on labor and resource-intensive manufacturing and the manufacturing processes of Chinese FDI characterized by suboptimal de facto implementation of environmental, social and governance (ESG) standards compared to the international best practices. Additional analysis underscores the potential moderating influence of FDI-host countries' environmental regulations, albeit statistically insignificant, highlighting the legacy of ineffective institutional enforcement that is prevalent on the Africa continent. • Examines how low-carbon industrialization in Africa is affected by Chinese FDI in the region's manufacturing sector. • Chinese FDI adversely affects low-carbon industrialization in Africa. • Adverse effect of Chinese FDI is more pronounced in labor and resource-intensive manufacturing sectors. • If environmental regulation in the FDI host country in Africa is enforced, it can attenuate the adverse effect of Chinese FDI.","author":[{"family":"Owusu","given":"Solomon"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Keyi"},{"family":"Ndubuisi","given":"Gideon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.eneco.2025.108352","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2025.108352","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118127642","type":"article-journal","title":"Functional carbon materials from waste plastics: synthesis and applications","abstract":"The global accumulation of waste plastics has led to severe environmental pollution, posing a serious threat to ecosystems. Conventional disposal methods, such as landfilling, mechanical recycling, and incineration, remain limited by low conversion efficiency, modest economic benefits, and the risk of secondary pollution. Converting plastics into high-value functional carbon materials offers a promising strategy for waste plastic recovery. This review systematically summarizes the physicochemical properties of major plastics, including polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, and polystyrene. It then discusses representative functional carbon materials—such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, porous carbon, carbon spheres, carbon nanosheets, carbon quantum dots, and soft carbon—derived from waste plastics using both conventional processes (direct pyrolysis, catalytic pyrolysis, one-pot synthesis, and templating methods), and emerging technologies (flash Joule heating and microwave-assisted pyrolysis). Furthermore, the applications of these functional carbon materials in environmental remediation (e.g., CO2 adsorption, antibiotic removal, electromagnetic wave absorption, and heavy metal ion adsorption), and energy storage (e.g., lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors) are reviewed. This work provides a timely overview of recent advances in the field and highlights pathways toward the sustainable utilization of waste plastics.","author":[{"family":"Yuan","given":"Jin"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Gaixiu"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Xiaoyue"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Jianlin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.48130/scm-0025-0005","URL":"https://doi.org/10.48130/scm-0025-0005","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413285514","type":"article-journal","title":"Development of Scalable CO2 Conversion Systems Enhancing Oil Recovery while Reducing Atmospheric Carbon Emissions Nationwide","abstract":"The increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) presents a critical challenge to global climate stability, prompting the need for innovative solutions that address emissions while supporting energy demands. This study explores the development of scalable CO2 conversion systems, emphasizing their application in enhancing oil recovery (EOR) and contributing to national carbon management strategies. It examines the fundamental principles of CO2 capture and utilization, the integration of CO2-EOR technologies within Nigeria’s oil sector, and the relevance of renewable energy in powering these systems. The analysis highlights Nigeria’s emissions profile, existing policy frameworks, and the strategic opportunity to align CO2 conversion with sustainable oil production. Key technological advancements, economic considerations, and environmental impacts are discussed, with attention to cost-benefit analysis and risk mitigation. The paper also underscores the importance of stakeholder collaboration, regulatory support, and future research directions necessary for nationwide scalability. Ultimately, this work demonstrates that CO2 conversion for EOR offers a viable path to reduce net carbon emissions while improving oil recovery, positioning it as a dual-benefit strategy for climate action and energy development in carbon-intensive economies like Nigeria.","author":[{"family":"Jinadu","given":"Shereef"},{"family":"Akinleye","given":"Kayode"},{"family":"Onwusi","given":"Chinelo"},{"family":"Omachi","given":"Agama"},{"family":"Ijiga","given":"Onuh"},{"family":"Enyejo","given":"Lawrence"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.38124/ijisrt/25aug627","URL":"https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25aug627","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412082989","type":"article-journal","title":"Scalable and Sustainable Chitosan/Carbon Nanotubes Composite Protective Layer for Dendrite-Free and Long-Cycling Aqueous Zinc-Metal Batteries","abstract":"Abstract Rechargeable aqueous zinc (Zn)-metal batteries hold great promise for next-generation energy storage systems. However, their practical application is hindered by several challenges, including dendrite formation, corrosion, and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. To address these issues, we designed and fabricated a composite protective layer for Zn anodes by integrating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with chitosan through a simple and scalable scraping process. The CNTs ensure uniform electric field distribution due to their high electrical conductivity, while protonated chitosan regulates ion transport and suppresses dendrite formation at the anode interface. The chitosan/CNTs composite layer also facilitates smooth Zn2+ deposition, enhancing the stability and reversibility of the Zn anode. As a result, the chitosan/CNTs @ Zn anode demonstrates exceptional cycling stability, achieving over 3000 h of plating/stripping with minimal degradation. When paired with a V2O5 cathode, the composite-protected anode significantly improves the cycle stability and energy density of the full cell. Techno-economic analysis confirms that batteries incorporating the chitosan/CNTs protective layer outperform those with bare Zn anodes in terms of energy density and overall performance under optimized conditions. This work provides a scalable and sustainable strategy to overcome the critical challenges of aqueous Zn-metal batteries, paving the way for their practical application in next-generation energy storage systems.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Jinchang"},{"family":"Innocenti","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Hang"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yuanyuan"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Jingsong"},{"family":"Qiao","given":"Yuanting"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Weifeng"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40820-025-01837-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01837-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411850886","type":"article-journal","title":"Land use and land cover classification and terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage changes in Vietnam based on Sentinel images","abstract":"As the world's second-largest rice exporter, Vietnam's monitoring of land cover changes and carbon stock estimation is crucial for achieving its carbon neutrality goals amidst deforestation and industrial upgrading. This study developed a new land cover classification method based on the phenological characteristics of rice, using the Google Earth Engine (GEE). The method significantly improves the identification accuracy of farmland by extracting rice phenological bands from Sentinel-1 radar data and Sentinel-2 multispectral data. Carbon stock data from 2015 to 2023 were generated using the InVEST model, and their spatial-temporal variations were analyzed. Additionally, the driving factors behind the changes in carbon stocks in forests, grasslands, and croplands were quantitatively explored using the geographic detector(Geo-Detector). The results show that: (1) The classification method for land cover created in this research exhibits greater accuracy than the European Space Agency (ESA) global land cover map and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) forest/non-forest maps from Japan, achieving an overall classification accuracy that surpasses 90%. This method also addresses the issue of low identification accuracy of croplands in traditional methods. (2) From 2015 to 2023, Vietnam's LULC changes were mainly characterized by decreases in forests and croplands, and increases in grasslands, construction land, bare land, and water bodies. (3) Overall, natural factors have a greater influence on LULC distribution in Vietnam than human activities, with slope being the most influential factor, followed by altitude, temperature, and population. (4) The main factors affecting the reduction of forest and cropland areas were slope, altitude, and population, while the main factors influencing the changes in construction land area were population and the economy. (5) Vietnam's average carbon stock from 2015 to 2023 was 2.312 billion tons, with an average annual change rate of - 0.63%. Accurate identification of land cover types is a prerequisite for precise carbon stock estimation, and accurate carbon stock estimates are crucial for advancing Vietnam's carbon neutrality goals.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Kun"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Zongqi"},{"family":"Zou","given":"Tianle"},{"family":"Su","given":"Danni"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Run"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Jianzhang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-04765-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04765-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413951624","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Capture in Indonesia’s Energy Sector: A Least-Cost Optimization Approach","abstract":"Indonesia’s power sector is heavily reliant on coal, making it a major contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study evaluates the role of carbon capture (CC) as a transitional mitigation strategy using the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) for least-cost optimization. Five scenarios up to 2060 are assessed: Business as Usual (BAU), a renewables-only pathway (NRE), two carbon-capture strategies (CALL and CNEW), and a hybrid scenario (COMB). Results show that NRE eliminates fossil power plants but increases system costs by 3.2% and raises reliability challenges due to the variability of solar generation. CALL achieves the lowest abatement cost (USD 0.93/tCO2e) but leaves 105 Mt CO2e residual emissions by 2060. COMB provides the most balanced outcome, cutting emissions by 96% (40 Mt CO2e), increasing costs by only 1.9%, and ensuring energy security by combining CC with renewable expansion. These findings highlight that a hybrid strategy offers a pragmatic, least-cost pathway for Indonesia to align its power sector with net-zero targets while maintaining grid adequacy.","author":[{"family":"Anindhita"},{"family":"Santosa","given":"Joko"},{"family":"Tokimatsu","given":"Koji"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17177916","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177916","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124865686","type":"article-journal","title":"Porous Carbon-Based Adsorbents for CO2 Sequestration from Flue Gases: Tuning Porosity, Surface Chemistry, and Metal Impregnation for Sustainable Capture","abstract":"Escalating atmospheric CO2 levels and the consequent climate crisis have become urgent imperatives for advancing efficient carbon capture technologies. Porous carbon adsorbents stand out as a leading candidate in this field, owing to their inherently high specific surface areas, tailorable pore architectures, and cost advantages over conventional solid adsorbents. This review focuses on recent progress in the rational engineering of porous carbons for boosted CO2 capture performance, with a particular emphasis on three complementary modification pathways: pore structure refinement, surface functional group regulation, and metal oxide incorporation. We begin by clarifying the distinct mechanisms of CO2 physisorption and chemisorption on carbonaceous surfaces, while also elucidating how key operating parameters (temperature, pressure) and real-world flue gas components (e.g., water vapor, SO2) modulate adsorption behavior. Critical evaluation is then given to strategies for enhancing three core performance metrics—CO2 uptake capacity, selectivity over N2, and cyclic stability—including the construction of sub-nanometer micropores (","author":[{"family":"Jiaqiang","given":"Wang"},{"family":"Guohui","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Ling","given":"Wu"},{"family":"Binghua","given":"Zhou"},{"family":"Zhipeng","given":"Wang"},{"family":"Zhenghong","given":"Huang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Gang"},{"family":"Mingxi","given":"Wang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.70322/gct.2026.10003","URL":"https://doi.org/10.70322/gct.2026.10003","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411669492","type":"article-journal","title":"Suitability and Potential Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide Geological Storage: Case Study of Dezhou Subdepression","abstract":"Under the dual-carbon policy framework, geological CO2 storage, particularly in saline aquifers, is pivotal to achieving national emission reduction targets. However, selecting geologically favorable storage sites demands quantitative assessment of complex geological factors—a task hindered by subjective traditional methods. To address this, the study employs an integrated approach combining multi-criteria decision analysis (Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation) with multiphase flow simulations to investigate the Dezhou Subdepression in Shandong Province. The results indicate that the Dezhou Subdepression is moderately favorable for CO2 geological storage, characterized by geologically optimal burial depth and favorable reservoir conditions. When the injection pressure increases from 1.1 times the original Group pressure (1.1P) to 1.5 times the original Group pressure (1.5P), the lateral migration distance of CO2 expands by 240%, and the total storage capacity increases by approximately 275%. However, under 1.5P conditions, the CO2 plume reaches the model boundary within 6.3 years, underscoring the increased risk of CO2 leakage under high-pressure injection scenarios. This study provides strategic insights for policymakers and supports strategic planning for a CO2 storage pilot project in the Dezhou Subdepression. It also serves as a reference framework for future assessments of CO2 geological storage potential.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Zhizheng"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Henghua"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zeyu"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Huafeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17135860","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135860","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411781471","type":"article-journal","title":"A review on advances towards achieving net-zero carbon footprint through sustainable agrivoltaic technology","abstract":"Abstract Background The global push for decarbonization alongside the rising energy–food nexus demands has motivated substantial investments in renewable energy and agricultural infrastructure. However, the rapid expansion of large-scale solar installations has intensified competition for land use, pitting energy production against agriculture and biodiversity conservation. This conflict underscores the need for innovative solutions that balance these competing demands while promoting sustainable land use. Accordingly, this review explores the potential of agrivoltaics as a transformative strategy to address land-use conflicts. It seeks to assess the current state of agrivoltaic systems, their benefits, limitations, and future prospects, with a focus on their ability to boost land productivity while advancing renewable energy production. Main body of the abstract The study employs a comprehensive approach, including a bibliometric analysis of agrivoltaics research and an evaluation of technological innovations such as adjustable solar panels and spectral filtering techniques. These advancements aim to optimize sunlight capture and reduce shading, enhancing both energy output and crop growth. Further, the review examines case studies of successful agrivoltaic projects across diverse climates, crop types, and photovoltaic (PV) technologies, emphasizing their scalability and adaptability. The findings demonstrate that agrivoltaic systems provide significant benefits, including increased energy production and higher agricultural outputs. By creating favourable microclimates, these systems improve soil moisture retention, reduce water usage, and enhance biodiversity. Moreover, agrivoltaics contribute to climate change mitigation by lowering greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable land management. Economically, they offer rural communities diversified income streams, reduced energy costs, and improved energy access in remote and peri-urban areas. Despite these advantages, challenges such as high upfront costs, regulatory barriers, and technical limitations hinder widespread adoption of this technology. Short conclusion Agrivoltaics represents a holistic approach to harmonizing energy generation and sustainable agriculture. The integration of technological innovations with environmental and economic benefits inspires the potential to transform land-use practices and support net-zero carbon footprint. However, achieving this potential requires addressing existing challenges through policy support, sensitization, and financial incentives.","author":[{"family":"Njema","given":"George"},{"family":"Rono","given":"Nicholas"},{"family":"Mosonik","given":"Bornes"},{"family":"Kibet","given":"Joshua"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s42269-025-01331-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-025-01331-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408547524","type":"article-journal","title":"Pumped Storage Hydropower in the United States: Emerging Importance, Environmental and Social Impacts, and Critical Considerations","abstract":"ABSTRACT Pumped storage hydropower is a widely used, long‐duration energy storage system that sits squarely at the water‐energy nexus. Bold decarbonization goals have propelled a rapid resurgence of interest in pumped storage hydropower in the US, given its ability to provide bulk energy storage, manage grid reliability, and support increasing integration of variable renewable energy sources. Drawing on published research from both technical and social science perspectives, this paper provides an overview of pumped storage hydropower technology, the project development pipeline, potential social and environmental impacts, including a comparison of open‐loop and closed‐loop design configurations, and critical considerations for project development. In contrast to all existing pumped storage hydropower projects in the US that are open‐loop and located on natural water bodies, this review finds that over 80% of proposed projects are closed‐loop designs, due to their siting flexibility away from natural water bodies and purportedly lower social and environmental impacts. However, issues around projects, including concerns over permitting and consultation processes and conflicts over siting, water resources, and Indigenous lands, are emerging more frequently given the planned expansion of projects in the arid US West and near Tribal lands. These issues and conflicts are not necessarily lowered by closed‐loop technology. The early stage of project development offers an opportunity to design projects that include community input and minimize tradeoffs. In turn, this will require taking a critical look at each pumped storage hydropower project as well as understanding community perceptions and the lifecycle impacts of this technology.","author":[{"family":"Karambelkar","given":"Surabhi"},{"family":"Cantor","given":"Alida"},{"family":"Bui","given":"Thien‐kim"},{"family":"Turley","given":"Bethani"},{"family":"Fischer","given":"Maryalice"},{"family":"Ames","given":"Shannon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/wat2.70017","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.70017","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1155/jge5/4230897","type":"article-journal","title":"Preliminary Assessment of the Reservoir Rock in the Niger Delta for Carbon Capture and Storage in Depleted Reservoirs","abstract":"The world is running out of time to be on target for the Paris Agreement to maintain an average global temperature rise of 1.5°C. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) can win the race to anthropogenic gas stabilisation. Characterisation of geological formations is fundamental to ascertain the ability to keep injected carbon in perpetuity without posing a risk to the environment. This study focuses on the characterisation of the mineralogy, petrophysical, petrographic properties and micromorphological data of reservoirs using core samples from the reservoirs in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. A systematic set of specialised equipment such as XRD, X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) and SEM‐EDS was implored to understand the preliminary characterisation of selected reservoirs before carbon dioxide injection. Porosity and permeability were measured using a helium porosimeter to complement the mineralogical composition and morphology. The petrographic and mineralogical characteristics of the core samples provide crucial insights into potential geochemical reactions. Quartz, orthoclase and albite were found to be dominant in all the sampled depo belts with chlorite and garnet being the trace minerals. The sampled depo belts recorded an average porosity of 10% to 30% with permeability averaging 130–300 mD, which surpass the cautionary indicator limits. The findings indicated a positive potential for CCS in the Niger Delta with suitable mineralogical and petrophysical properties. The positive findings of this research pave the way for pilot testing with the physical injection of carbon dioxide. They also set a pathway for enacting and implementing carbon dioxide mitigation guidelines controlling CCS installations by the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC).","author":[{"family":"Mutadza","given":"Itai"},{"family":"Ikiensikimama","given":"Sunday"},{"family":"Joel","given":"Ogbonna"},{"family":"Mutadza","given":"I"},{"family":"Ikiensikimama","given":"Sunday"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/jge5/4230897","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jge5/4230897","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.3390/su17136222","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Capture and Storage as a Decarbonisation Strategy: Empirical Evidence and Policy Implications for Sustainable Development","abstract":"This paper examines the impact of carbon capture and storage (CCS) deployment on national carbon intensity (CI) across 43 countries from 2010 to 2020. Using a dynamic common correlated effects (DCCE) log–log panel, we estimate the elasticity of CI with respect to sectoral CCS facility counts within four income-group panels and the full sample. In the high-income panel, CCS in direct air capture, cement, iron and steel, power and heat, and natural gas processing sectors produces statistically significant CI declines of 0.15%, 0.13%, 0.095%, 0.092%, and 0.087% per 1% increase in facilities, respectively (all p &lt; 0.05). Upper-middle-income countries exhibit strong CI reductions in direct air capture (–0.22%) and cement (–0.21%) but mixed results in other sectors. Lower-middle- and low-income panels show attenuated or positive elasticities—reflecting early-stage CCS adoption and infrastructure barriers. Robustness checks confirm these patterns both before and after the 2015 Paris Agreement and between emerging and developed economy panels. Spatial analysis reveals that the United States and United Kingdom achieved 30–40% CI reductions over the decade, whereas China, India, and Indonesia realized only 10–20% declines (relative to a 2010 baseline), highlighting regional deployment gaps. Drawing on these detailed income-group insights, we propose tailored policy pathways: in high-income settings, expand tax credits and public–private infrastructure partnerships; in upper-middle-income regions, utilize blended finance and technology-transfer programs; and in lower-income contexts, establish pilot CCS hubs with international support and shared storage networks. We further recommend measures to manage CCS’s energy and water penalties, implement rigorous monitoring to mitigate leakage risks, and design risk-sharing contracts to address economic uncertainties.","author":[{"family":"Kongkuah","given":"Maxwell"},{"family":"Alessa","given":"Noha"},{"family":"Haouas","given":"Ilham"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17136222","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17136222","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.17351/ests2023.2917","type":"article-journal","title":"What Do We Mean When We Say Carbon Capture and Storage? STS and the Open Questions of a Technology in Emergence","abstract":"Carbon sequestration is a relatively recent phrase that refers to a broad suite of technologies meant to minimize the amount of carbon emitted to the atmosphere. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and many scientific organizations have recently emphasized that carbon capture is a necessary part of attaining net-zero or negative carbon budgets. It has also become a particularly controversial set of technologies, funding streams, economic proposals, and imaginations of energy justice in place. However, we—during our joint work as social scientists on the justice dimensions of one specific carbon sequestration feasibility study—have found that the dominating arguments for and against carbon capture erase the fact of its multiplicity. From our situated location, it seems an urgent time to ask, within a larger industrial decarbonization agenda, what are the specificities of carbon capture and storage and how might we (the collective ‘we’ of engaged researchers and thinkers with interests in science &amp; technology or environmental and climate engineering) address them? In this Engagement, we sketch some of the ways in which STS brings important insights to the growing literature on carbon capture and storage (CCS) and, at the same time, what new directions carbon sequestration agendas might require of STS scholarship.","author":[{"family":"Underhill","given":"Vivian"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Jessica"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Jessica"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.17351/ests2023.2917","URL":"https://doi.org/10.17351/ests2023.2917","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410039845","type":"article-journal","title":"Simulation of Heat Pump with Heat Storage and PV System—Increase in Self-Consumption in a Polish Household","abstract":"The use of renewables in heat production requires methods to overcome the issue of asynchronous heat load and energy production. The most effective method for analyzing the intricate thermal dynamics of an existing building is through transient simulation, utilizing real-world weather data. This approach offers a far more nuanced understanding than static calculations, which often fail to capture the dynamic interplay of environmental factors and building performance. Transient simulations, by their nature, model the building’s thermal behavior over time, reflecting the continuous fluctuations in temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed. Leveraging actual meteorological data enables the simulation model to faithfully capture system dynamics under realistic operational scenarios. This is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, identifying potential energy inefficiencies, and assessing the impact of various energy-saving measures. The simulation can reveal how the building’s thermal mass absorbs and releases heat, how solar gains influence indoor temperatures, and how ventilation patterns affect heat losses. In this paper, a household heating system consisting of an air source heat pump, PV, and buffer tank is simulated and analyzed. The 3D model accurately represents the building’s geometry and thermal properties. This virtual representation serves as the basis for calculating heat losses and gains, considering factors such as insulation levels, window characteristics, and building orientation. The approach is based on the calculation of building heat load based on a 3D model and EN ISO 52016-1 standard. The heat load is modeled based on air temperature and sun irradiance. The heating system is modeled in EBSILON professional 16.00 software for the calculation of transient 10 min time step heat production during the heating season. The results prove that a buffer tank with the right heat production control system can efficiently increase the auto consumption of self-produced PV electric energy, leading to a reduction in environmental effects and higher economic profitability.","author":[{"family":"Szymiczek","given":"Jakub"},{"family":"Szczotka","given":"Krzysztof"},{"family":"Michalak","given":"Piotr"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18092325","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18092325","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414533649","type":"article-journal","title":"Diaphragm-based carbon monoxide electrolyzers for multicarbon production under alkaline conditions","abstract":"Abstract Transforming waste carbon into valuable fuels and chemicals is a key step toward sustainable manufacturing. One promising approach is the electrochemical conversion of carbon monoxide (CO), a product of CO 2 recycling, into energy-rich multicarbon (C 2+ ) compounds. However, current CO electrolyzers rely on anion exchange membranes (AEMs) that degrade over time when exposed to organic intermediates, limiting their practical use. Here we show that low-cost diaphragm materials, such as Zirfon, can serve as robust alternatives to AEMs in alkaline CO electrolysis. We evaluate a range of diaphragms and identify candidates that match or exceed the performance of commercial AEMs across a wide range of operating conditions (50 to 400 mA cm −2 ). At 60 °C, Zirfon-based cells maintain 45% Faradaic efficiencies for acetate over 250 hours, while state-of-the-art AEMs fail within 150 hours. Moreover, a 100 cm 2 Zirfon cell operates stably for 700 hours at 200 mA cm −2 . These findings demonstrate that diaphragms offer a scalable and durable pathway for CO electrolysis, helping reduce system costs and enhance compatibility with renewable energy inputs.","author":[{"family":"Deng","given":"Wanyu"},{"family":"Xing","given":"Siyang"},{"family":"Maia","given":"Guilherme"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhaoxi"},{"family":"Crandall","given":"Bradie"},{"family":"Jiao","given":"Feng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-63004-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63004-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415451720","type":"article-journal","title":"Evolution of Cementitious Binders: Overview of History, Environmental Impacts, and Emerging Low-Carbon Alternatives","abstract":"Cementitious binders have long been a keystone of construction, evolving from ancient lime mortars in Neolithic structures to the widespread use of Portland cement in the 19th century, which remains critical in modern construction. This review traces the historical development of cementitious binders and highlights how their widespread adoption has also brought significant environmental challenges, particularly carbon dioxide emissions and intensive energy consumption. To mitigate these impacts, supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), such as fly ash, slag, and silica fume, have been adopted to reduce clinker consumption and improve sustainability. Despite these advancements, cement continues to be one of the largest industrial contributors to global emissions. In response, alternative binders have been explored. Alkali-activated binders (AABs) demonstrate considerable potential to reduce emissions while offering enhanced durability and performance. These emerging technologies provide a pathway toward more sustainable construction practices. This review is based on a structured survey of the peer-reviewed literature, conference proceedings, and technical reports up to 2025, synthesizing key themes related to historical evolution, environmental impacts, and emerging low-carbon alternatives. The findings aim to inform the development of sustainable building materials for the future.","author":[{"family":"Kumar","given":"Amit"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Pramod"},{"family":"Gogineni","given":"Abhilash"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Mizan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Wensu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15213811","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15213811","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413472971","type":"article-journal","title":"Emerging sewage sludge treatment technologies for land carbon sequestration: a comprehensive review","abstract":"Abstract Sewage sludge management is a pressing environmental challenge due to high greenhouse gas emissions and inefficiencies in traditional methods such as landfilling and incineration. This review explores emerging and transformative technologies that align with carbon sequestration and sustainable land use. Novel approaches such as biochar production via pyrolysis, CaO-based stabilization to form calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), and phosphorus recovery through struvite precipitation are emphasized for their dual roles in climate mitigation and enhancing soil fertility. Other innovative techniques, including hydrothermal carbonization and microbial stabilization, have been examined for their ability to stabilize carbon in persistent forms. This study highlights the novelty of combining carbon sequestration with nutrient recycling, which enables long-term environmental benefits. Biochar and Ca-based fertilizers demonstrate exceptional potential for integrating carbon capture with soil enhancement, whereas struvite offers an effective pathway for nutrient recovery. Environmental trade-offs—such as greenhouse gas emissions during treatment, potential contaminant risks, and energy demands—are assessed alongside the benefits of reduced synthetic fertilizer dependence, improved soil health, and carbon sequestration. Life cycle assessment (LCA) and economic analyses confirm the feasibility and sustainability of these technologies. This comprehensive review advances the understanding of innovative sewage sludge treatments, offering a framework for integrating carbon-negative solutions into waste management practices. Graphical abstract","author":[{"family":"Kacprzak","given":"M"},{"family":"Baran","given":"Jolanta"},{"family":"Fijałkowski","given":"Krzysztof"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s10163-025-02369-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-025-02369-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125809870","type":"article-journal","title":"The global extent of the grassland biome and implications for the terrestrial carbon sink","abstract":"Abstract Land cover data are commonly used to model the terrestrial carbon (C) sink, yet these data have wide margins of error that significantly alter estimates of global C storage. Here we demonstrate this data vulnerability in grasslands, which are critical to C cycling but whose estimated distribution has varied by >50 million km 2 (3.5–42% of the Earth’s terrestrial surface). Comparing multiple high-resolution land cover products with expertly annotated grassland data from six continents, we show sources of mapping error and discuss C implications based on 2023 United Nations (UN) FAO estimates. Past misidentification arose from inconsistent definitions on grassland identity and classification flaws especially relating to woody plant cover. Correcting these errors adjusted grassland coverage to 22.8% of the terrestrial land base (30.1 million km 2 ), elevating UN projections of soil C stocks to 155.02 Pg (0–30 cm depth). These findings underscore the challenges of biome mapping for ecosystem accounting and policy, when lacking field-validated remotely sensed data.","author":[{"family":"Macdougall","given":"AS"},{"family":"Vanzant","given":"B"},{"family":"Sulik","given":"J"},{"family":"Bagchi","given":"S"},{"family":"Naidu","given":"D"},{"family":"Muraina","given":"TO"},{"family":"Seabloom","given":"EW"},{"family":"Borer","given":"ET"},{"family":"Wilfahrt","given":"P"},{"family":"Slette","given":"I"},{"family":"Hierro","given":"JL"},{"family":"Pearson","given":"DE"},{"family":"Abedi","given":"Mehdi"},{"family":"Akasaka","given":"M"},{"family":"Alberti","given":"J"},{"family":"Aleksanyan","given":"A"},{"family":"Amisu","given":"AA"},{"family":"Anderson","given":"TM"},{"family":"Arnillas","given":"CA"},{"family":"Ayer","given":"M"},{"family":"Bakker","given":"JD"},{"family":"Basant","given":"S"},{"family":"Basto","given":"S"},{"family":"Biederman","given":"L"},{"family":"Bloodworth","given":"KJ"},{"family":"Boscutti","given":"F"},{"family":"Boughton","given":"EH"},{"family":"Bruschetti","given":"CM"},{"family":"Buckley","given":"HL"},{"family":"Buckley","given":"YM"},{"family":"Bugalho","given":"MN"},{"family":"Caldeira","given":"MC"},{"family":"Campetella","given":"G"},{"family":"Cannone","given":"N"},{"family":"Carbognani","given":"M"},{"family":"Carbutt","given":"C"},{"family":"Carniello","given":"MA"},{"family":"Cervellini","given":"M"},{"family":"Chaudhary","given":"T"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Q"},{"family":"Clark","given":"AT"},{"family":"Cousins","given":"S"},{"family":"Fratte","given":"MD"},{"family":"Day","given":"NJ"},{"family":"Deák","given":"B"},{"family":"Dietrich","given":"J"},{"family":"Dixon","given":"A"},{"family":"Eisenhauer","given":"N"},{"family":"Elgersma","given":"KJ"},{"family":"Eren","given":"O"},{"family":"Eskelinen","given":"A"},{"family":"Estrada","given":"C"},{"family":"Fay","given":"PA"},{"family":"Fayvush","given":"G"},{"family":"Flynn","given":"KC"},{"family":"Meza","given":"DG"},{"family":"Gargano","given":"D"},{"family":"Gherardi","given":"L"},{"family":"Girkin","given":"NT"},{"family":"González","given":"L"},{"family":"Graff","given":"P"},{"family":"Hagenberg","given":"LWC"},{"family":"Halbritter","given":"AH"},{"family":"Havrilchak","given":"NA"},{"family":"Herdoiza","given":"N"},{"family":"Hersch-Green","given":"E"},{"family":"Hopping","given":"K"},{"family":"Jentsch","given":"A"},{"family":"Jimoh","given":"SO"},{"family":"Kerby","given":"J"},{"family":"Kirkman","given":"K"},{"family":"Knops","given":"JMH"},{"family":"Koerner","given":"SE"},{"family":"Koltz","given":"A"},{"family":"Komatsu","given":"KJ"},{"family":"Koura","given":"BI"},{"family":"Kruse","given":"S"},{"family":"Laanisto","given":"L"},{"family":"Lannes","given":"LS"},{"family":"Li","given":"W"},{"family":"Liang","given":"M"},{"family":"Lkhagva","given":"A"},{"family":"López-Olmedo","given":"L"},{"family":"Lorenzo","given":"P"},{"family":"Lortie","given":"CJ"},{"family":"Loydi","given":"A"},{"family":"Luo","given":"W"},{"family":"Macek","given":"P"},{"family":"Malfasi","given":"F"},{"family":"Mariotte","given":"P"},{"family":"Martina","given":"JP"},{"family":"Martínez-Blancas","given":"A"},{"family":"Martinson","given":"H"},{"family":"Martorell","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Meave","given":"JA"},{"family":"Medina-Villar","given":"S"},{"family":"Mganga","given":"KZ"},{"family":"Monsimet","given":"J"},{"family":"Nerlekar","given":"AN"},{"family":"Niu","given":"S"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41559-025-02955-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02955-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409444880","type":"article-journal","title":"Geological carbon storage site characterization using a dual element seismic recording technology","abstract":"). Since 2022, Denmark has stepped up site characterization at five suitable onshore locations for this purpose with a particular focus on four-way domal structures. A dual-element recording system incorporating landstreamer and wireless recorders was innovated and upscaled in a cost- and time-effective way for this purpose at the Rødby structure (one of the five sites). The dual-element recording allows a better imaging of the near-surface structures but also because of its broadband nature, it helps to retain higher resolution for imaging toplap structures and smaller faults in the area. The landstreamer data better image fault structures offsetting the Bunter Sandstone Formation, which is the primary reservoir, and the overlying geological seals such as Fjerritslev, Ørslev and Falster Formations. The Vedsted Formation, which a secondary seal in the region, appears unfaulted in the landstreamer data. The landstreamer data also reveal glacial valleys, near the surface, which are a source of groundwater. The two complementary datasets, from the landstreamer and nodal data, help to de-risk geological carbon storage in Denmark and is a solution we recommend to be adapted for onshore sites elsewhere in the world specially where the logistical acquisition challenges are not significant.","author":[{"family":"Malehmir","given":"Alireza"},{"family":"Markovic","given":"Magdalena"},{"family":"Abramovitz","given":"Tanni"},{"family":"Gregersen","given":"Ulrik"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-96012-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96012-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411205443","type":"article-journal","title":"Advanced Self-Powered Sensor for Carbon Dioxide Monitoring Utilizing Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Technology","abstract":"In the context of autonomous environmental monitoring, this study investigates a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor designed for selective carbon dioxide (CO2) detection. The sensor is based on a LiTaO3 piezoelectric substrate with copper interdigital transducers and a polyetherimide (PEI) layer, chosen for its high electromechanical coupling and strong CO2 affinity. Finite element simulations were conducted to analyze the resonance frequency response under varying gas concentrations, film thicknesses, pressures, and temperatures. Results demonstrate a linear and sensitive frequency shift, with detection capability starting from 10 ppm. The sensor’s autonomy is ensured by a piezoelectric energy harvester composed of a cantilever beam structure with an attached seismic mass, where mechanical vibrations induce stress in a piezoelectric layer (PZT-5H or PVDF), generating electrical energy via the direct piezoelectric effect. Analytical and numerical analyses were performed to evaluate the influence of excitation frequency, material properties, and optimal load on power output. This integrated configuration offers a compact and energy-independent solution for real-time CO2 monitoring in low-power or inaccessible environments.","author":[{"family":"Mastouri","given":"Hicham"},{"family":"Remaidi","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Ennawaoui","given":"Amine"},{"family":"Derraz","given":"Meryiem"},{"family":"Ennawaoui","given":"Chouaib"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18123082","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18123082","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411077728","type":"article-journal","title":"Towards carbon neutrality in tourism: pathways and future research directions","abstract":"Achieving carbon neutrality (CN) in tourism is essential for mitigating climate change, yet existing literature provides limited guidance on effective pathways. This review addresses this gap by examining key strategies for carbon-neutral tourism, integrating both mitigation and adaptation approaches across three pathways: individual actions, industry initiatives, and destination policies to advance CN goals in tourism. This review found that achieving CN in the tourism industry necessitates a multifaceted approach involving stakeholders at various levels, from individuals to destination managers and policymakers, on both the supply and demand sides. Additionally, addressing behavioral changes, ethical considerations, and transparent carbon offset programs are crucial in advancing carbon-neutral tourism goals. This paper outlines future research directions to support the transition towards a carbon-neutral tourism industry.","author":[{"family":"Hatamifar","given":"Pezhman"},{"family":"Esfandiar","given":"Kourosh"},{"family":"Ghaderi","given":"Zahed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/10941665.2025.2514016","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2025.2514016","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407161316","type":"article-journal","title":"MXenes: Are They Ready for Direct Air Capture of CO 2 ?","abstract":"Abstract Although Direct Air Capture (DAC) of CO 2 is a potential technology for climate change mitigation, the cost, scalability, and efficiency of existing materials and techniques are severely limited. MXenes, a type of two‐dimensional materials, have drawn interest due to their remarkable conductivity, enormous surface area, and adjustable chemistry, however, their potential for DAC has not yet been thoroughly investigated. Recent developments in MXene synthesis and functionalization are comprehensively reviewed, with an emphasis on how these characteristics might be used to enhance improve CO 2 adsorption and capture efficiency. In addition, the difficulties of stability, scalability, and economic feasibility for real‐world applications are evaluated. Our findings demonstrate the great potential of MXenes for DAC and offer fresh perspectives on how their special qualities might overcome current constraints. This study presents a new viewpoint on MXenes as a feasible CO 2 capture option, indicating new avenues for future research and development, even though further optimization is required.","author":[{"family":"Bhowmik","given":"Konok"},{"family":"Rahman","given":"Md"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Yunus"},{"family":"Hai","given":"Tasmia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/asia.202401822","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asia.202401822","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407766268","type":"article-journal","title":"Transforming Biomass Waste into Hydrochars and Porous Activated Carbon: A Characterization Study","abstract":"Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an environmentally friendly process for transforming biomass into sustainable hydrochar, which is a carbon-rich material with a variety of potential applications. Herein, Tectona grandis seeds (TGs) were transformed into hydrochars using HTC at low temperatures (180–250 °C) and autogenous pressure. The prepared hydrochars were rich in oxygenated functional groups. The optimized hydrochar, HC-230-4 (prepared at 230 °C, for 4 h), presented a ratio of H/C = 0.95 and O/C = 0.29, an improved degree of coalification, and a high heating value (26.53 MJ kg−1), which can replace bituminous coals in the power sector. The prepared hydrochar was further activated in the presence of CO2 to prepare activated carbon (AC). XRD, TGA, FTIR, FE-SEM, and BET techniques were used to characterize raw biomass (TGs), hydrochar, and ACs, to identify the potential applications for the developed materials. BET studies revealed that the hydrochar has limited porosity, with a low surface area (14.41 m2g−1) and porous volume. On the other hand, the derived AC (AC-850-5) has a high surface area (729.70 m2g−1) and appreciable total and microporous volumes (0.392 cm3g−1 and 0.286 cm3g−1). The use of biomass, mainly waste biomass, for the production of carbon-rich materials is an effective strategy for managing and valorizing waste biomass resources, reducing environmental pollution, and improving sustainability, being in line with the principles of circularity.","author":[{"family":"Suhas","given":"S"},{"family":"Chaudhary","given":"Monika"},{"family":"Chaudhary","given":"Shubham"},{"family":"Chaubey","given":"Shivangi"},{"family":"Cansado","given":"Isabel"},{"family":"Dehghani","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Tyagi","given":"Inderjeet"},{"family":"Gaur","given":"Rama"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/resources14030034","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/resources14030034","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415724851","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of Underground Hydrogen Storage in Depleted Oil and Gas Reservoirs","abstract":"As hydrogen assumes an increasingly strategic role in the global energy transition, the development of efficient, safe, and cost‐effective large‐scale hydrogen storage systems has become a critical enabler for the hydrogen economy. Underground hydrogen storage (UHS), particularly in depleted oil and gas reservoirs, is gaining traction as a promising solution for seasonal energy balancing and the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current international progress in pilot projects, experimental investigations, and numerical simulations related to UHS in depleted reservoirs. Key scientific challenges are examined, including reservoir suitability, caprock integrity, wellbore sealing performance, material durability, and coupled geochemical–microbial processes. Hydrogen’s high diffusivity, mobility, and chemical reactivity present unique risks in the subsurface, thereby increasing the likelihood of leakage and reservoir destabilization. To date, no commercial‐scale project has successfully demonstrated pure hydrogen storage in depleted reservoirs, and most current studies remain at the modeling or laboratory scales, lacking standardized risk assessment protocols and monitoring frameworks. This review provides critical insights for assessing the feasibility of UHS in depleted reservoirs and underscores the urgent need for integrated research on coupled hydro‐biogeochemical‐mechanical processes, hydrogen‐compatible materials, site selection criteria, and long‐term monitoring technologies.","author":[{"family":"Song","given":"Rui"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Daiying"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jianjun"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Chunhe"},{"family":"Zou","given":"Shangjun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/er/9246074","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/9246074","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407417110","type":"article-journal","title":"Drought Impacts on Plant–Soil Carbon Allocation—Integrating Future Mean Climatic Conditions","abstract":"ABSTRACT Droughts affect soil microbial abundance and functions—key parameters of plant–soil carbon (C) allocation dynamics. However, the impact of drought may be modified by the mean climatic conditions to which the soil microbiome has previously been exposed. In a future warmer and drier world, effects of drought may therefore differ from those observed in studies that simulate drought under current climatic conditions. To investigate this, we used the field experiment ‘Hohenheim Climate Change,’ an arable field where predicted drier and warmer mean climatic conditions had been simulated for 12 years. In April 2021, we exposed this agroecosystem to 8 weeks of drought with subsequent rewetting. Before drought, at peak drought, and after rewetting, we pulse‐labelled winter wheat in situ with 13 CO 2 to trace recently assimilated C from plants to soil microorganisms and back to the atmosphere. Severe drought decreased soil respiration (−35%) and abundance of gram‐positive bacteria (−15%) but had no effect on gram‐negative bacteria, fungi, and total microbial biomass C. This pattern was not affected by the mean precipitation regime to which the microbes had been pre‐exposed. Reduced mean precipitation had, however, a legacy effect by decreasing the proportion of recently assimilated C allocated to the microbial biomass C pool (−50%). Apart from that, continuous soil warming was an important driver of C fluxes throughout our experiment, increasing plant biomass, root sugar concentration, labile C, and respiration. Warming also shifted microorganisms toward utilizing soil organic matter as a C source instead of recently assimilated compounds. Our study found that moderate shifts in mean precipitation patterns can impose a legacy on how plant‐derived C is allocated in the microbial biomass of a temperate agroecosystem during drought. The overarching effect of soil warming, however, suggests that how temperate agroecosystems respond to drought will mainly be affected by future temperature increases.","author":[{"family":"Leyrer","given":"Vinzent"},{"family":"Blum","given":"Juliet"},{"family":"Marhan","given":"Sven"},{"family":"Kandeler","given":"Ellen"},{"family":"Zimmermann","given":"Telse"},{"family":"Berauer","given":"Bernd"},{"family":"Schweiger","given":"Andreas"},{"family":"Canarini","given":"Alberto"},{"family":"Richter","given":"Andreas"},{"family":"Poll","given":"Christian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/gcb.70070","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70070","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411668698","type":"article-journal","title":"Exploring carbon capture and storage opportunities in depleted gas fields in Bangladesh: a comprehensive review","abstract":"Rising atmospheric CO 2 levels from industrial activities have intensified global warming, significantly affecting countries like Bangladesh, which is particularly vulnerable to climate-related risks such as flooding, sea-level rise, agricultural disruptions and health challenges. Bangladesh’s dense population, geographic location, and socioeconomic conditions heighten these vulnerabilities, necessitating urgent and effective mitigation strategies. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) offers a promising strategic approach to mitigate these impacts, specifically by leveraging the potential future availability of depleted gas fields for significant CO 2 storage in Bangladesh. This review addresses a crucial research gap by examining the future potential and strategic viability of CCS deployment in Bangladesh. It highlights and identifies substantial storage opportunities that are anticipated to be depleted, projected to occur after 2031, based on current gas reserve forecasts. The study specifies critical CO 2 capture sectors, particularly power generation and industrial combustion, as primary targets due to their substantial emissions contribution. It also outlines prospective CCS hub locations strategically selected to streamline logistics and transportation, favoring truck-based CO 2 transport over pipeline transport based on anticipated cost-effectiveness, infrastructural adaptability, and flexibility for future scalability. The insights provided by this study are critical for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and environmental planners, offering a foundational basis to strategically plan and prepare for future CCS implementation. The study emphasizes the necessity of proactive policy frameworks, robust regulatory oversight, and infrastructure planning. By addressing these dimensions, the review ultimately supports Bangladesh’s efforts toward climate resilience and alignment with global climate commitments.","author":[{"family":"Pranto","given":"Susmoy"},{"family":"Neogi","given":"Prodeepta"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Asma"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44292-025-00044-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44292-025-00044-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7120961192","type":"article-journal","title":"Temperature-modulated surface features of neem seed biochar for sustainable thermal energy storage applications","abstract":"Abstract Addressing the surging global energy demand while mitigating environmental degradation necessitates a paradigm shift from conventional energy systems to sustainable alternatives. However, the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources mandates efficient harvesting mechanisms and advanced storage technologies to ensure uninterrupted energy availability. Thus, optimizing energy generation and storage systems is imperative for maximizing renewable energy utilization and advancing carbon neutrality. Biochar-based phase change materials (PCMs) emerge as a viable solution, simultaneously enhancing thermal energy storage efficiency and contributing to carbon sequestration. This study synthesizes biochar-based PCM composites using Neem (Azadirachta indica) seed-derived biochar, produced at two distinct pyrolysis temperatures (300 °C and 500 °C), and impregnated with lauric acid (LA). Comprehensive characterization through BET surface area analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM–EDS, DSC, and TGA evaluated the structural, chemical, and thermal properties of the composites. The biochar pyrolyzed at 500 °C exhibits a significantly higher surface area (668 m 2 /g), facilitating enhanced PCM loading. FT-IR analysis confirmed the successful impregnation of LA while preserving its molecular structure, while SEM analysis revealed a highly porous biochar network that optimizes PCM accommodation. DSC and TGA results demonstrated an impressive latent heat storage capacity up to 94.92 J/g, stable phase transition behavior, and improved thermal stability. Leakage tests and infrared thermal imaging further validated the composites’ shape-stabilizing efficiency, ensuring controlled heat absorption and dissipation without PCM leakage. By utilizing waste biomass, this study presents a sustainable and cost-effective approach to advanced thermal management, contributing to enhanced energy conservation and a reduced carbon footprint. Graphical Abstract","author":[{"family":"Mandal","given":"Soumen"},{"family":"Mendhe","given":"Avinash"},{"family":"Park","given":"Taejoon"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Han"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s42773-025-00510-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-025-00510-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410958160","type":"article-journal","title":"Bioinspired Bi2MoO6 Electron Bridge and Carbon Nano‐Island Heterojunctions for Enhanced Photothermal Catalytic CO2 Reduction","abstract":"ABSTRACT Photothermal catalysis utilizing the full solar spectrum to convert CO2 and H2O into valuable products holds promise for sustainable energy solutions. However, a major challenge remains in enhancing the photothermal conversion efficiency and carrier mobility of semiconductors like Bi2MoO6, which restricts their catalytic performance. Here, we developed a facile strategy to synthesize vertically grown Bi2MoO6 (BMO) nanosheets that mimic a bionic butterfly wing scale structure on a biomass‐derived carbon framework (BCF). BCF/BMO exhibits high catalytic activity, achieving a CO yield of 165 μmol/(g·h), which is an increase of eight times compared to pristine BMO. The wing scale structured BCF/BMO minimizes sunlight reflection and increases the photothermal conversion temperature. BCF consists of crystalline carbon (sp2‐C region) dispersed within amorphous carbon (sp3‐C hybridized regions), where the crystalline carbon forms “nano‐islands”. The N–C–O–Bi covalent bonds at the S‐scheme heterojunction interface of BCF/BMO function as electron bridges, connecting the sp2‐C nano‐islands and enhancing the multilevel built‐in electric field and directional trans‐interface transport of carriers. As evidenced by DFT calculation, the rich pyridinic‐N on the carbon nano‐island can establish strong electron coupling with CO2, thereby accelerating the cleavage of *COOH and facilitating the formation of CO. Biomass waste‐derived carbon nano‐islands represent advanced amorphous/crystalline phase materials and offer a simple and low‐cost strategy to facilitate carrier migration. This study provides deep insights into carrier migration in photocatalysis and offers guidance for designing efficient heterojunctions inspired by biological systems.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Ziqi"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Zhongqing"},{"family":"He","given":"Jiang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Mingnv"},{"family":"Du","given":"Xuesen"},{"family":"Ran","given":"Jingyu"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhien"},{"family":"Arandiyan","given":"Hamidreza"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cey2.70032","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70032","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410521341","type":"article-journal","title":"Adsorption Application of Choline Chloride Modified MIL-101 (Cr) in Carbon Capture and Storage","abstract":"This study developed a new way of designing choline chloride-modified MOF-based materials with advanced gas adsorption properties. To design better carbon capture materials, MIL-101 (Cr) was prepared using the hydrothermal method, and then was modified with different concentrations of choline chloride in a one-step method to enhance its CO2 adsorption capacity. The characterization and experimental results indicated that the modified ChCl-MIL-101(Cr) significantly enhanced the adsorption capacity for CO2. Specifically, the 0.075-ChCl-MIL-101(Cr) showed a 61.191% increase in adsorption capacity compared to that of the raw material. Moreover, the regenerated adsorption loss rate of the modified material was below 4%, proving the permanence of the material synthesis. Simulating isotherms using Langmuir and Freundlich equations revealed the non-uniformity of surface bonding.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Entian"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zuquan"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Pei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma18102370","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102370","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7129422175","type":"article-journal","title":"Harnessing coccolithophores for carbon capture and storage: exploring nutrient enrichment for future biotechnological applications","abstract":"A less studied yet promising microalgal group within the field of Carbon Capture Usage and Storage (CCUS) is the calcifying marine microalgae known as coccolithophores. They could have significant potential for carbon capture since they can capture CO 2 , partitioning carbon into both their organic tissues and inorganic exoskeletons, composed of several micrometric plates of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), called coccoliths. Moreover, the complex coccolith architecture offers valuable potential for nanotechnological applications, promoting also their reuse within a circular economy. However, comprehensive knowledge of their biotechnological potential and preliminary strain screening for quality assessment remain limited. In this study, a screening aimed at identifying the most promising strains for potential industrial applications was carried out by testing their response and yield under increasing nutrient and carbon supplies: dry weight (DW) and nutrient consumption efficiency were measured for the species Gephyrocapsa huxleyi (formerly Emiliania huxleyi ) and two strains of the species Chrysotila roscoffensis, to identify the most promising strain for industrial applications. We documented a positive effect of nutrient enrichment and an even stronger response to carbon supplementation in the form of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) on the growth of C. roscoffensis and on CaCO 3 production in G. huxleyi . One C. roscoffensis strain proved to be the most promising, exhibiting the highest DW (1,172.7 ± 42.2 mg/L) and CO 2 absorption (1,210.7 ± 3.1 mg/L) compared to G. huxleyi (569.4 ± 20.5 mg/L; 329.9 ± 11.9 mg/L), as well as a stable ratio between Particulate Inorganic Carbon (PIC) and Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) during cultivation. Our experiments also highlighted the ability of G. huxleyi to produce significant amounts of carbonate (2.1 ± 1.1 PIC:POC) compared with the less calcified C. roscoffensis (0.34 ± 0.01 PIC:POC) under enhanced carbon supply. This study emphasizes the importance of preliminary screening to identify the most suitable strain for industrial exploitation, particularly among understudied microalgae such as coccolithophores.","author":[{"family":"Palandri","given":"Elisa"},{"family":"Sforza","given":"Eleonora"},{"family":"Abbas","given":"Sofia"},{"family":"Relitti","given":"Federica"},{"family":"Vittor","given":"Cinzia"},{"family":"Carrara","given":"Adriano"},{"family":"Bordiga","given":"Manuela"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fphbi.2026.1742840","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphbi.2026.1742840","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131309384","type":"article-journal","title":"Exploring the advances in 2D materials as a quest for energy storage electrode materials","abstract":"The increasing demand for effective energy storage solutions has spurred research into innovative materials with exceptional properties. Among these, two-dimensional (2D) materials have become popular alternatives due to their unique mechanical, chemical, and electrical characteristics. This review highlights recent advances in using 2D materials-such as graphene, MXenes, and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) for energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors. Graphene, known for its high conductivity and surface area, enhances charge storage when used as an anode. MXenes, a newer class with variable compositions, provide high capacitance for both anodes and cathodes. The large surface area and capacitance of graphene, along with the flexibility of MXenes, offer promising advantages. Additionally, combining 2D materials with carbon nanotubes and metal nanoparticles further improves storage performance. New hybrid architectures and composites that incorporate 2D materials optimise energy storage devices, increasing metrics such as energy density and cycling stability. Moreover, integrating 2D materials into flexible, wearable devices addresses the needs of portable electronics and IoT. The review links the structure, synthesis, and characterisation to the electrochemical behavior of each material and also captures recent advances in the last decade related to battery and supercapacitor applications. In addition, the review includes two tables that compare the performance of each type of material as well as an increased focus on emerging hybrid structures for next-generation energy storage systems.","author":[{"family":"Kariachan","given":"Sebin"},{"family":"Shibu","given":"Joshin"},{"family":"Velayudhan","given":"Prajitha"},{"family":"Sidharthan","given":"Sisanth"},{"family":"Velayudhan","given":"Pravitha"},{"family":"Simon","given":"Sanu"},{"family":"Kasai","given":"Hitoshi"},{"family":"Okubo","given":"Kohei"},{"family":"Thomas","given":"Sabu"},{"family":"Oka","given":"Kouki"},{"family":"Paduvilan","given":"Jibin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5ra07292a","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra07292a","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411515563","type":"article-journal","title":"Afforestation as a mitigation strategy: countering climate-induced risk of forest carbon sink in China","abstract":"BACKGROUND: concentrations. Moreover, the extent to which afforestation can enhance future carbon sequestration has not been fully quantified. This study focuses specifically on China and integrates forest growth models with Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) models to project future carbon dynamics based on shifts in forest habitat suitability. A nature scenario is applied to evaluate potential climate-induced risks to forest carbon sequestration, while an afforestation scenario is used to assess the additional contribution from planned afforestation efforts. RESULTS: The baseline aboveground biomass (AGB) of China's forests in 2020 is estimated at 11.59 ± 4.06 PgC. Under the nature scenario and assuming no future disturbances, the total AGB is projected to increase by 5.20-5.74 PgC by the 2050s and by 6.35-8.11 PgC by the 2070s, while carbon sequestration rates are expected to decline from 146.03 to 165.03 TgC/yr to approximately 122.98-137.80 TgC/yr. Between 11.79 and 39.60% of forests are at risk of land loss and compositional shifts in the 2070s, with the situation exacerbated under the SSP585 scenario. To mitigate climate-induced risks, the afforestation scenario proposes an additional 117.90-129.32 Mha of suitable forest area by the 2070s. Newly planted forests are projected to contribute approximately 37.42-65.60% of the carbon sequestration achieved by existing forests during the same period. CONCLUSIONS: Climate change is projected to cause significant forest loss and compositional changes across China. Although total forest carbon storage is expected to increase, the overall rate of carbon sequestration will likely decline. Afforestation emerges as a key strategy to enhance future forest carbon sinks. This study provides a spatially explicit assessment of carbon sequestration potential through afforestation and offers science-based guidance for the design of targeted forest policies in China.","author":[{"family":"Cao","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Zhong","given":"Deyu"},{"family":"Shang","given":"Rong"},{"family":"Ke","given":"Qihua"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Mingxi"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Di"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Shutong"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Chensong"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Randongfang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s13021-025-00308-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-025-00308-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406552837","type":"article-journal","title":"Towards negative carbon footprint: carbon sequestration enabled manufacturing of coral-inspired tough structural composites","abstract":"The increasing impacts of global warming necessitate effective mitigation strategies, with carbon sequestration emerging as a viable mid-term solution. Traditional methods focus on storing CO2 or converting it into liquid substances. However, natural processes like those found in corals demonstrate superior capabilities by transforming CO2 into robust, load-bearing solids with exceptional mechanical properties. Inspired by coral’s biomineralization, this study introduces an electrochemical manufacturing method that converts CO2 into calcium carbonate minerals around 3D-printed polymer scaffolds. This approach results in mineral-polymer composites characterized by extraordinary mechanical strength and fracture toughness, fire resistance, and crack repairability. These composites also offer structure-programmability and composition-reversibility. The scalable modular assembly of these composites supports the creation of larger-scale, load-bearing meso-structures. This manufacturing paradigm promotes negative carbon footprint practices, paving the way for sustainable engineering solutions and a more environmentally friendly future.","author":[{"family":"Deng","given":"Haoxiang"},{"family":"Du","given":"Haixu"},{"family":"Ke-Tian","given":"Li"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yanchu"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Kyung"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Botong"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Qiming"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s44334-024-00012-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44334-024-00012-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410344772","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainability Assessment and Resource Utilization of Agro-Processing Waste in Biogas Energy Production","abstract":"Biogas production from agricultural waste reduces methane emissions and addresses climate change challenges by converting livestock and organic waste into energy. This study analyzed biogas production in agricultural enterprises under the European Green Deal, the advantages of biogas as an energy source, and the use of digestate in agriculture. The raw material for biogas production from agro-industrial wastes in Ukraine has been investigated, showing that the country’s biogas production potential amounts to 34.59 billion m3, including 0.65 billion m3 from processing plant wastes. The main types of biomass that can be used for biogas production in Ukraine are crop residues (71.4%), manure (26.6%), and food industry waste (2.0%). The implementation of biogas production projects will reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 3.98 billion tons of CO2 and increase profits through electricity sales. This study examines the barriers and prospects for the development of electricity generation from biogas in Ukraine in the context of the integration of Ukraine’s energy system into the EU energy space. Directions for developing the biogas industry, focusing on electricity production within the framework of European decarbonization initiatives, will enhance the energy security of Ukraine and the EU. Estimating the energy production from agricultural waste allows for determining biogas output from organic waste. A regional biogas cluster model was developed based on the agro-industrial complex, which combines the production of biogas, electricity, water, and biofertilizers with increased efficiency and regional sustainable development.","author":[{"family":"Koval","given":"Viktor"},{"family":"Atstāja","given":"Dzintra"},{"family":"Filipishyna","given":"Liliya"},{"family":"Udovychenko","given":"V"},{"family":"Kryshtal","given":"Halyna"},{"family":"Gontaruk","given":"Yaroslav"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/cli13050099","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13050099","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406104214","type":"article-journal","title":"Identification of Stable Intermetallic Compounds for Hydrogen Storage via Machine Learning","abstract":"ABSTRACT Hydrogen is one of the most promising alternatives to fossil fuels for energy as it is abundant, clean and efficient. Storage and transportation of hydrogen are two key challenges faced in utilizing it as a fuel. Storing H2 in the form of metal hydrides is safe and cost effective when compared to its compression and liquefaction. Metal hydrides leverage the ability of metals to absorb H2 and the stored H2 can be released from the hydride by applying heat when needed. A multi‐step methodology is proposed to identify intermetallic compounds that are thermodynamically stable and have high hydrogen storage capacity (HSC). It combines compound generation, thermodynamic stability analysis, prediction of properties of the metal hydride and ranking of discovered materials based on predicted properties. The US Department of Energy (DoE) Hydrogen Storage Materials Database and the Open Quantum Materials Database (OQMD) are utilized for building and testing machine learning (ML) models for enthalpy of formation of the intermetallic compounds, stability analysis, and enthalpy of formation, equilibrium pressure and HSC of metal hydrides. The models proposed here require only attributes of elements involved and compositional information as inputs and do no need any experimental data. Random forest algorithm was found to be the most accurate amongst the ML algorithms explored for predicting all the properties of interest. A total of 349 772 hypothetical intermetallic compounds were generated initially, out of which, only 8568 compounds were found to be stable. The highest predicted HSC of these stable compounds was found to be 3.6. Magnesium, Lithium and Germanium constitute majority of the high HSC compounds. The predictions of HSC using the present models for metal hydrides that are not in the DoE database were reasonably close to the experimental data published recently but there is scope for improvement in prediction accuracy for metal hydrides with high HSC. The findings of this study will be useful in reducing the time required for development and discovery of new hydrogen storage materials and can be used to check the practical applicability of the hydride compound using the predicted properties.","author":[{"family":"Athul","given":"AS"},{"family":"Muthachikavil","given":"Aswin"},{"family":"Buddhiraju","given":"Venkata"},{"family":"Premraj","given":"Karundev"},{"family":"Runkana","given":"Venkataramana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/est2.70115","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70115","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412654440","type":"article-journal","title":"Pyridine Nitrogen Decorated Carbon Support for High‐Performance Seawater Electrolyte‐Based Zinc–Air Battery","abstract":"Abstract Developing high specific energy seawater electrolyte‐based zinc–air batteries (SZABs) is crucial for marine energy supply systems. However, their widespread application is restricted by the slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics coupled with the poisoning of adsorbed Cl − in seawater electrolyte. Herein, we design a pyridinic nitrogen‐modified carbon‐supported Fe single‐atom catalyst [Fe‐SAC/NC(Py)] to achieve exceptional ORR performance in seawater electrolytes. The Fe‐SAC/NC(Py) achieves a high onset potential ( E onset ) and halfwave potential ( E 1/2 ) of 1.174 and 0.907 V versus RHE, respectively, significantly outperforming the commercial 20% Pt/C (E onset : 0.972 V, E 1/2 : 0.848 V). Furthermore, the assembled SZABs demonstrates a peak power density of 204 mW cm −2 and a specific capacity of 800 mAh g −1 , surpassing most previously reported catalysts. In‐situ characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the pyridinic nitrogen‐modified carbon support in situ constructs a negatively charged interface during ORR process, effectively suppressing Cl − adsorption. Additionally, the atomic Fe sites coordinated with pyridinic nitrogen optimize the charge distribution of the active centers, lowering the adsorption energy of oxygen‐containing intermediates and thereby enhancing ORR catalytic performance.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Yurong"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Yousheng"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yuxin"},{"family":"Rao","given":"Peng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Shan","given":"Lutong"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Boya"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Xiaodong"},{"family":"Kang","given":"Zhenye"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Xinlong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/anie.202509911","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202509911","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411464065","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessing forest cover, carbon stocks and fire dynamics in India and economic valuation of forest carbon in Asia: a meta-analysis","abstract":"The study evaluates forest cover, carbon stocks, and fire dynamics in India while simultaneously examining the economic value of forest carbon in Asia through a comprehensive meta-analysis. The integration of forest cover and fire dynamics data with economic valuation may provide a holistic viewpoint that combines both ecological and economic perspectives. However, very few studies have delved into this dual approach so far. Here, we utilized data from the Forest Survey of India, the National Forest Policy, and various primary investigations. The analysis revealed that, as of 2021, India has a total forest cover of 80.9 million hectares, making up 24.62% of the nation’s total geographical area. The status of carbon stock in Indian forests reveals dynamic changes in carbon storage across various components. The total forest carbon stock increased by 79.4 million tonnes from 2019 to 2021, reflecting a positive trend in carbon sequestration capacity. Additionally, the research delved into forest fire activities, showing a twofold increase in incidents nationwide in 2020–2021. MODIS-derived forest fire data revealed that between 2019–2020 and 2020–2021, Indian states like Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, and Himachal Pradesh saw dramatic surges in forest fire detections, with increases exceeding 500%, and in some cases, over 1000%. Several other states also experienced significant rises, including Madhya Pradesh (413%), Uttar Pradesh (321%), Odisha (300%), Maharashtra (290%), West Bengal (289%), Sikkim (240%), and Punjab (229%), emphasizing the urgency of targeted fire management strategies. Furthermore, the forest plot showed that the economic value of the forest carbon/hectare in Asian countries was estimated at US$ 1632, with substantial heterogeneity among countries. Overall, the study offers valuable information about India’s ecological landscape and the economic value of forest carbon in Asia. The findings will assist legislators, academics, and conservationists in developing approaches toward forest protection and management in terms of mitigating climate change and sustaining the economy.","author":[{"family":"Gorain","given":"Subrata"},{"family":"Malakar","given":"Ayushman"},{"family":"Dutta","given":"Suman"},{"family":"Das","given":"Sumanta"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44415-025-00014-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44415-025-00014-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407296638","type":"article-journal","title":"Digital Infrastructure, New Digital Infrastructure, and Urban Carbon Emissions: Evidence from China","abstract":"To advance the global sustainable development agenda and uphold the emission reduction commitments of the Paris Agreement, this study is dedicated to exploring the potential of digital infrastructure construction in fostering carbon emission reductions. Drawing on panel data from 249 cities in China spanning the period from 2010 to 2021, we empirically analyze the impact, mechanisms, and heterogeneous effects of digital infrastructure construction on urban carbon emissions using a two-way fixed-effect model. Furthermore, we delve into the carbon-reducing effects of new-type digital infrastructure construction. The research findings indicate that digital infrastructure construction can significantly decrease urban carbon emissions; it achieves this by enhancing urban green innovation and heightening public environmental awareness, thereby further reducing urban carbon emissions. In city samples located in western regions, with higher government fiscal expenditures and better foundations for new energy utilization, the promotional effect of digital infrastructure construction on urban carbon emission reductions is more pronounced. Additionally, new-type digital infrastructure construction demonstrates a significant reduction in urban carbon emissions, and where new-type digital infrastructure is well developed, the carbon-reducing effect of digital infrastructure is even more evident. This study deepens our understanding of the mechanisms through which digitization empowers carbon emission reductions and the regional variations involved, providing empirical evidence for governments to formulate differentiated policies on digital infrastructure construction and carbon emission reductions. In future research, we plan to expand the scope of our investigation to more countries and regions globally; concurrently, we will conduct an in-depth analysis of the long-term effects of digital infrastructure construction on carbon emissions.","author":[{"family":"Nie","given":"Jiaqi"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Xiaohong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/atmos16020199","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16020199","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408088684","type":"article-journal","title":"Adsorption-Induced Deformation in Microporous Kerogen by Hydrogen and Methane: Implications for Underground Hydrogen Storage","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Accurately assessing the adsorption and diffusion behaviors of H 2, CH 4, and their mixtures are essential for estimating underground hydrogen storage (UHS). This understanding is critical for the safe and efficient storage of H 2 in depleted shale gas reservoirs. Although H 2 adsorption in kerogen has been extensively studied, adsorption-induced swelling remains unexplored in UHS. In this study, we investigate adsorption mechanisms using Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches and analyze diffusion in kerogen through molecular simulations. Our results reveal that in the presence of cushion gases like CH 4, which exhibit stronger adsorption than H 2, neglecting kerogen deformation can lead to an underestimation of storage capacity by approximately 40%. Furthermore, increasing pressure makes H 2 adsorption behavior deviate from the consistent swelling trend that is observed with CH 4, with kerogen either swelling or contracting depending on the pore size. Simulations also predict that H 2 self-diffusion coefficient in porous kerogen is 1 order of magnitude higher than CH 4 . These findings highlight the importance of incorporating kerogen flexibility into the modeling of UHS involving multiple gas species to improve the accuracy and safety of H 2 storage operations in shale reservoirs.","author":[{"family":"Babaei","given":"Saeed"},{"family":"Coasne","given":"Benoît"},{"family":"Ostadhassan","given":"Mehdi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00197","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00197","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408944221","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable and cost-effective electrode manufacturing for advanced lithium batteries: the roll-to-roll dry coating process","abstract":"The transition to electric vehicles motivated by global carbon neutrality targets has intensified the demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density. While the innovation of cathode/anode active materials has reached a plateau, development of thick electrodes has emerged as a critical breakthrough to achieving high-energy-density LIBs. However, the conventional wet coating process has intrinsic limitations, such as binder migration during the solvent drying process, which becomes increasingly problematic with thick electrodes. To address these challenges, dry coating processes have been actively explored in three main forms: electrostatic spraying, hot pressing with thermoplastic polymers, and roll-to-roll dry coating utilizing the polytetrafluoroethylene binder. This review highlights the roll-to-roll dry coating process, a scalable and industrially viable approach, by introducing its underlying mechanisms, latest developments, and applications in all-solid-state batteries and lithium-sulfur batteries. By combining technical advancements with manufacturing scalability, the roll-to-roll dry coating process demonstrates significant potential to enable next-generation battery systems.","author":[{"family":"Park","given":"Joonhyeok"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Jiwoon"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Jaeik"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Minsung"},{"family":"Song","given":"Taeseup"},{"family":"Paik","given":"Ungyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5sc00059a","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sc00059a","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410277835","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon-negative nickel mining to meet global mineral resource demands","abstract":"CO2-Enhanced Mineral Recovery (CO2-EMR) is a deep in situ mining technology that utilizes an engineered CO2 leaching fluid to extract nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) from subsurface ultramafic rocks, while simultaneously permanently mineralizing CO2 as carbonate minerals. This carbon negative process can contribute to meeting the mineral demands of current and emerging energy technologies. We calculate the amount of Ni and Co available for recovery, and carbon mineralized via this technology from a generic ultramafic intrusion and 14 ultramafic intrusions globally. If 5% of a 1 km3 olivine rock volume reacts with injected CO2, that will yield 500,000 MT Ni, 21,000 MT Co, and store 100 MMT of CO2. Further, 130,000 MMT of Ni, or 2,600x the Ni required for the cumulative global production of energy storage batteries through 2050, are stored in ultramafic rocks in the United States. Globally, the Tamarack Bowl, United States and Savannah Intrusion, Australia have the greatest internal return rate for economic profitability.","author":[{"family":"Miller","given":"Quin"},{"family":"Nagurney","given":"Alexandra"},{"family":"Blondes","given":"Madalyn"},{"family":"Thakurta","given":"Joyashish"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jian"},{"family":"Gadikota","given":"Greeshma"},{"family":"Lahiri","given":"Nabajit"},{"family":"Schaef","given":"H"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.31223/x5s15s","URL":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5s15s","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128002710","type":"article-journal","title":"The Nitty Gritty of Carbon Accounting: Enablers, Barriers, Reporting, and Strategies","abstract":"ABSTRACT Carbon accounting is the monitoring and recording of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to mitigate and manage carbon emissions. There are numerous singular studies on carbon accounting across geographies and industries. However, there is a need for a comprehensive study discussing carbon accounting enablers, barriers, policy, and reporting landscape and strategies. This study applies a mixed‐method approach to present insights into its enablers, barriers, policy, and reporting landscape and strategies with the help of two integrated studies in this paper. Study A systematically reviews the contemporary literature to identify the thematic focus of carbon accounting literature. The systematic literature review (SLR) conducted on a sample of 53 shortlisted studies comprehends carbon accounting enablers, barriers, policies, and reporting aspects, along with presenting the carbon accounting strategies to reduce and mitigate carbon emissions. The Study B incorporates an empirical analysis of the qualitative responses gathered through essay‐based questions designed to list potential carbon accounting strategies articulated by industry experts. This study offers theoretical, practical, and policy implications for all the stakeholders: firm‐level managers; city, regional, or national level officers; accounting professionals; investors; sustainable finance providers; and carbon policymakers.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Alghafes","given":"Rsha"},{"family":"Sahore","given":"Nidhi"},{"family":"Battisti","given":"Enrico"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/bse.70490","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70490","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412908161","type":"article-journal","title":"Dynamic Temperature–Vacuum Swing Adsorption for Sustainable Direct Air Capture: Parametric Optimisation for High-Purity CO2 Removal","abstract":"Direct air capture (DAC), as a complementary strategy to carbon capture and storage (CCS), offers a scalable and sustainable pathway to remove CO2 directly from the ambient air. This study presents a detailed evaluation of the amine-functionalised metal-organic framework (MOF) sorbent, mmen-Mg2(dobpdc), for DAC using a temperature–vacuum swing adsorption (TVSA) process. While this sorbent has demonstrated promising performance in point-source CO2 capture, this is the first dynamic simulation-based study to rigorously assess its effectiveness for low-concentration atmospheric CO2 removal. A transient one-dimensional TVSA model was developed in Aspen Adsorption and validated against experimental breakthrough data to ensure accuracy in capturing both the sharp and gradual adsorption kinetics. To enhance process efficiency and sustainability, this work provides a comprehensive parametric analysis of key operational factors, including air flow rate, temperature, adsorption/desorption durations, vacuum pressure, and heat exchanger temperature, on process performance, including CO2 purity, recovery, productivity, and specific energy consumption. Under optimal conditions for this sorbent (vacuum pressure lower than 0.15 bar and feed temperature below 15 °C), the TVSA process achieved ~98% CO2 purity, recovery over 70%, and specific energy consumption of about 3.5 MJ/KgCO2. These findings demonstrate that mmen-Mg2(dobpdc) can achieve performance comparable to benchmark DAC sorbents in terms of CO2 purity and recovery, underscoring its potential for scalable DAC applications. This work advances the development of energy-efficient carbon removal technologies and highlights the value of step-shape isotherm adsorbents in supporting global carbon-neutrality goals.","author":[{"family":"Ghiri","given":"MN"},{"family":"Nasriani","given":"Hamid"},{"family":"Khajenoori","given":"Leila"},{"family":"Mohammadkhani","given":"Samira"},{"family":"Williams","given":"Karl"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17156796","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17156796","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407767628","type":"article-journal","title":"Does Carbon Pricing Matter? Evidence from a Global Sample","abstract":"Implementing a carbon pricing policy in any country remains a complex challenge, requiring the careful navigation of economic, social, and political factors to ensure policy coherence and stakeholder buy-in. Given the critical role of carbon pricing in achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, this study provides empirical evidence on the impact of carbon price implementation on carbon emission reductions globally. The study is motivated by the a priori assumption that carbon pricing policies incentivize polluters to adopt carbon-neutral technologies, leading to emission reductions. Using data from 30 jurisdictions between 1990 and 2020, comprising both developed economies and eight emerging markets where either a carbon tax, an emission trading system, or both have been implemented, we assess the effectiveness of carbon pricing mechanisms while controlling for economic growth, population, energy intensity, and environmental policy stringency. The findings confirm that carbon pricing leads to a significant reduction in emissions, with the Emission Trading System proving to be more effective in accelerating emission reductions than the carbon tax. Specifically, the Emission Trading System is associated with a 12.06% reduction in carbon emissions, compared to an 8.91% reduction under the carbon tax. These results underscore the importance of market-based mechanisms in driving decarbonization efforts. The findings also have critical policy implications, highlighting the need for tailored carbon pricing strategies that align with national economic structures and political contexts. Robustness checks and policy recommendations are provided to guide policymakers in designing effective carbon pricing frameworks to enhance climate mitigation efforts.","author":[{"family":"Al-Abdulqader","given":"Khalid"},{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Abdul"},{"family":"Ong","given":"JMJ"},{"family":"Khalifa","given":"Ahmed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18051030","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18051030","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407046057","type":"article-journal","title":"Experimental procedures, influencing parameters, and future prospects of geological sequestration of carbon dioxide","abstract":"Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is receiving increasing attention as a technology to mitigate the increasingly serious impacts of climate change. This review explains the CCS process, providing details of important factors influencing its performance, current barriers to its widespread commercialization, and potential pathways for advancement. Integrated data analysis is applied to investigate the multiple factors affecting the storage capacity of CCS sites, including the geological properties of reservoir sites, physicochemical characteristics of CO2, and petrophysical features of rocks. We also review recent developments in CCS technology. Our findings will help guide the precise design of CCS systems and the control of their parameters to improve performance and reliability. Although practical obstacles such as cost and public acceptance remain before CCS can be implemented at a large scale, progress continues to be made in terms of monitoring technologies, evaluation methodologies, and CO2 capture/conversion strategies. In addition, ongoing and future research avenues are also discussed, which include the development of novel monitoring technologies, new possibilities for evaluating long-term storage impacts, and improvements to CO2 capture and conversion methods. The study offers valuable insights into the emerging technology of CCS and may aid future improvement to, for example, its commercial viability, which could aid progress toward international carbon neutrality ambitions.","author":[{"family":"Dai","given":"Kun"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Guangjie"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Tianen"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Hong"},{"family":"Song","given":"Hengyu"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Haowei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/feart.2025.1442518","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2025.1442518","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412835922","type":"article-journal","title":"The contemporary plant-soil feedback in legume-cereal intercropping systems: a review of carbon, nutrient, and microbial dynamics","abstract":"Abstract Background Crop diversification practices, such as legume-cereal intercropping, are receiving increasing attention for the large-scale implementation because of crop yield advantages while simultaneously preserving various soil functions. To date, a comprehensive understanding of the soil nutrient and carbon (C) cycling and microbial dynamics underlying the crop yield advantage remains elusive. Scope This review employs legume-cereal intercropping systems as a model to examine the current knowledge on the modulation of soil nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and C biogeochemistry resulting from the co-cultivation of these crops. This analysis emphasizes the functional potential of the soil microbiome and the plant-induced assemblage of microbial communities, highlighting key knowledge gaps. Drawing from this examination, we suggest expanding the traditional Plant-Soil Feedback (PSF) definition to encompass hetero- and conspecific effects occurring within a single growing season. We define this concept as Contemporary Plant-Soil Feedback (CPSF). Conclusions Our analysis revealed consistent plant-induced changes in the performance and nutrient acquisition of neighboring plants, an effect that would be inadequately classified without this new framework. The examination of the CPSF in legume-cereal intercropping systems demonstrated that yield advantages are supported by more efficient N and C cycling, enhanced P and K availability, and improved maintenance of microbial functionality. This approach offers a novel perspective for investigating plant-soil dynamics in agricultural systems.","author":[{"family":"Picone","given":"Riccardo"},{"family":"Pietramellara","given":"Giacomo"},{"family":"Guggenberger","given":"Georg"},{"family":"Pathan","given":"Shamina"},{"family":"Gentsch","given":"Norman"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s11104-025-07723-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07723-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118411519","type":"article-journal","title":"Biomass‐Derived Carbon Photocatalysts for Organic Pollutant Degradation: Strategies and Perspectives","abstract":"ABSTRACT The accumulation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in aquatic systems poses severe environmental and health risks, underscoring the need for sustainable, efficient remediation technologies. Biomass‐derived carbon materials have emerged as cost‐effective photocatalysts owing to their high surface area, tunable electronic structure, and excellent charge transport properties. This review summarizes recent progress in their synthesis, structural design, and surface modification for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Emphasis is placed on key mechanisms such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, band gap tuning, and interfacial charge separation, as well as performance‐enhancing strategies including heteroatom doping, heterojunction formation, and hybrid integration for improved visible‐light activity. The dual functionality of these materials in adsorption and photocatalysis is also highlighted, revealing synergistic pollutant removal pathways. Finally, critical challenges related to scalability, stability, and reproducibility are discussed, along with future perspectives for translating biomass‐derived carbon photocatalysts from laboratory research to practical environmental applications.","author":[{"family":"Gautam","given":"Jagadis"},{"family":"Kale","given":"Amol"},{"family":"Rawal","given":"Jishu"},{"family":"Varma","given":"Pooja"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Seung"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Seul‐yi"},{"family":"Park","given":"Soo‐jin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cnl2.70109","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnl2.70109","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414295738","type":"article-journal","title":"A Green Synthesis of Fluorescent Carbon Dots and Their Application to the Determination of Sunset Yellow","abstract":"Sunset yellow (SY) is a synthetic azo dye widely used in food and cosmetics. However, concerns have been raised about its potential health risks, including its nephrotoxicity and genotoxicity, when used in excessive amounts. Illegal addition of SY may cause allergic reactions or genetic damage. Therefore, a rapid method for detecting SY is needed. To develop a rapid detection method for sunset yellow (SY) with the aim of preventing its illegal addition in food, this study utilized agricultural waste asparagus peel (AP) as a carbon source and synthesized amino-functionalized carbon quantum dots (AP-CDs) via a green hydrothermal method. A highly sensitive detection platform was established based on the fluorescence quenching mechanism of AP-CDs in the presence of SY. The microstructure of AP-CDs was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Their optical properties were assessed via ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS). Furthermore, key experimental parameters affecting SY detection were systematically optimized. Results revealed that the synthesized AP-CDs possessed surface hydrophilic functional groups, including hydroxyl, amide, and carboxyl groups, and were composed of carbon (C), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N) elements. Optical performance studies demonstrated that AP-CDs exhibited a strong fluorescence emission at 470 nm under 380 nm excitation, with a quantum yield (Φ) of 15.9%. Under the optimized conditions (pH 7.0, 0.5 mg/mL AP-CDs), the fluorescence intensity showed a linear response to the concentration of SY over the range of 0.1 to 100 μM (R2 = 0.9929), achieving a detection limit of 0.92 μM. This strategy not only enables sustainable resource utilization but also provides a sensitive and practical approach for food safety monitoring, demonstrating significant potential for real-world applications.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Yujing"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yiran"},{"family":"Zou","given":"Jiaxu"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Shuxin"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Feiyu"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Benxu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Shufen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/foods14183221","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14183221","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409190186","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparison of geostatistics, machine learning algorithms, and their hybrid approaches for modeling soil organic carbon density in tropical forests","abstract":"Abstract Purpose Understanding the spatial variability of soil organic carbon density (SOCD) in tropical forests is necessary for efficient climate change mitigation initiatives. However, accurately modeling SOCD in these landscapes is challenging due to low-density sampling efforts and the limited availability of in-situ data caused by constrained accessibility. In this study, we aimed to explore the most suitable modeling technique for SOCD estimation in the context of tropical forest ecosystems. Methods To support the research, thirty predictor covariates derived from remote sensing data, topographic attributes, climatic factors, and geographic positions were utilized, along with 104 soil samples collected from the top 30 cm of soil in Central Vietnamese tropical forests. We compared the effectiveness of geostatistics (ordinary kriging, universal kriging, and kriging with external drift), machine learning (ML) algorithms (random forest and boosted regression tree), and their hybrid approaches (random forest regression kriging and boosted regression tree regression kriging) for the prediction of SOCD. Prediction accuracy was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R 2 ), the root mean squared error (RMSE), and the mean absolute error (MAE) obtained from leave-one-out cross-validation. Results The study results indicated that hybrid approaches performed best in predicting forest SOCD with the greatest values of R 2 and the lowest values of MAE and RMSE, and the ML algorithms were more accurate than geostatistics. Additionally, the prediction maps produced by the hybridization showed the most realistic SOCD pattern, whereas the kriged maps were prone to have smoother patterns, and ML-based maps were inclined to possess more detailed patterns. The result also revealed the superiority of the ML plus residual kriging approaches over the ML models in reducing the underestimation of large SOCD values in high-altitude mountain areas and the overestimation of low SOCD values in low-lying terrain areas. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the hybrid approaches of geostatistics and ML models are most suitable for modeling SOCD in tropical forests.","author":[{"family":"Ho","given":"Viet"},{"family":"Morita","given":"Hidenori"},{"family":"Ho","given":"Thanh"},{"family":"Bachofer","given":"Felix"},{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Thuong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s11368-025-04027-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-025-04027-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410723621","type":"article-journal","title":"Fe single-atom-regulated carbon nanofibers for high-performance lithium/sodium ion battery anode","abstract":"Carbon-based materials, commonly used as commercial anodes in lithium/sodium ion batteries, nevertheless suffer from sluggish kinetic properties. Constructing electrode materials with one-dimensional nanostructures that offer convenient ion/electron transport pathways can improve Li+/Na+ storage behavior. Recently, metal single-atom doping has also emerged as an effective strategy to enhance storage kinetics. However, it remains challenging to construct one-dimensional carbon materials doped with metal single atoms using simple methods to achieve outstanding Li+/Na+ storage performance. Herein, three-dimensional intertwined short carbon nanofibers (SCNFs) coupled with single atomic iron dopants were tailored through a hydrothermal strategy followed by high-temperature carbonization free from strong acids etching metals. In the SCNFs, only a trace amount of Fe (0.37 at.%) was introduced; the nitrogen-coordinated Fe single atoms and the nanofibers-intertwined structure promoted Li-ion adsorption, improved diffusion kinetics, and enhanced conductivity, thereby facilitating Li+/Na+ storage capacity. Acting as an anode in lithium/sodium batteries, SCNFs demonstrated an outstanding electrochemical performance. After assembling lithium ion batteries, the optimal Fe-N-C-2 exhibited a high reversible capacity of 903.4 mAh g-1 at 50 mA g-1 with retention of 518.7 mAh g-1 at 1.0 A g-1. For sodium-ion storage, Fe-N-C-2 preserved excellent high-rate cyclic stability, maintaining 152.6 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 0.5 A g-1. Moreover, the hydrothermal method is simple and convenient for large-scale preparation. Our strategy offers a heuristic perspective on the controllable design of nitrogen-coordinated atomic metals for energy storage applications.","author":[{"family":"Xue","given":"Chunjian"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yonghui"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Linli"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Ning"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Guozhi"},{"family":"Geng","given":"Qingxuan"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Zheng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiying"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Baozhong"},{"family":"Li","given":"Wei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.20517/energymater.2024.283","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2024.283","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407643208","type":"article-journal","title":"Research Progress on Chemiresistive Carbon Monoxide Sensors","abstract":"The development of high-performance carbon monoxide (CO) sensors is essential for protecting human health, ensuring industrial safety, and maintaining environmental well-being. Among various types of sensors, chemiresistive sensors exhibit considerable promise for real-time applications due to their operational capabilities. To achieve high performances of chemiresistive sensors, this review emphasizes various enhancement strategies, encompassing the refinement of sensing materials, the augmentation of sensor structures, and the optimization of gas recognition algorithms. Specifically, the modification techniques of sensing materials, which include the construction of heterostructures, the decoration with noble metals, surface functionalization, hetero-element-doping, and morphology engineering, are delved into comprehensively. This review provides insights into the rational design of cost-effective CO sensors.","author":[{"family":"Wei","given":"Minghui"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Xuerong"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Min"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Shengming"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Heng"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Haiyu"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Shusheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15040303","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15040303","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416939614","type":"article-journal","title":"Smart Materials for Carbon Neutrality: Redox-Active MOFs for Atmospheric CO2 Capture by Electrochemical Methods","abstract":"The electrochemical capture and transformation of carbon dioxide (CO2) (ECC) has recently emerged as a transformative alternative to conventional sorbent-based processes, enabling fully reversible operation under mild conditions and direct compatibility with renewable energy sources. This review focuses on redox-active metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as electrosorbent materials for the electrochemical capture of CO2. Rather than encompassing all electrochemical CO2 capture technologies, we use molecular, polymeric, and COF-based systems as a framework to define what makes a MOF truly “redox-active” for CO2 electrosorption and how its performance can be assessed. This includes capacitive versus faradic electrosorption mechanisms and design strategies based on the redox chemistry associated with metal nodes, π-conjugated ligands, and strongly redox-active units such as tetrathiafulvalene, viologen, and ferrocene. The way in which defects affect hybrid MOF composites was highlighted, and in situ and operando spectroscopic techniques have improved the understanding of the reaction mechanism in carbon dioxide capture and release under controlled potential. Research comparing carbonaceous materials, redox polymers, and hybrid structures has highlighted both the opportunities and limitations of MOFs, particularly in terms of energy efficiency, scalability, structural robustness, and reproducibility. From a broader perspective, redox-active MOFs occupy a unique position at the intersection of coordination chemistry, electrochemistry, and materials engineering for large-scale applications. In this review, we analyze how redox activity in MOFs—at the metal nodes, ligands, and extended structures—can be harnessed to design energy-efficient, cyclic electrochemical CO2 capture systems. Furthermore, we propose cross-cutting metrics and design rules that enable meaningful comparisons between materials and device architecture.","author":[{"family":"Castrocastillo","given":"Carmen"},{"family":"Suazo-Hernández","given":"Jonathan"},{"family":"Espinoza-González","given":"Rodrigo"},{"family":"Garcıa","given":"Gonzalo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/catal15121134","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15121134","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415206788","type":"article-journal","title":"A Critical Review of AI-Based Battery Remaining Useful Life Prediction for Energy Storage Systems","abstract":"This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advances in remaining useful life prediction for lithium-ion battery energy storage systems. Existing approaches are generally categorized into model-based methods, data-driven methods, and hybrid methods. A systematic comparison of these three methodological paradigms is presented, with hybrid methods further divided into filter-based hybrids and data-driven hybrids, followed by a comparative analysis of remaining useful life prediction accuracy. The literature analysis indicates that data-driven hybrid methods, by integrating the strengths of physical mechanism modeling and machine learning algorithms, exhibit superior robustness under complex operating conditions. Among them, the hybrid framework combining long short-term memory networks with an eXtreme Gradient Boosting model optimized by the Binary Firefly Algorithm demonstrates the highest stability and accuracy in the reviewed studies, achieving a root mean squared error below 2% and a mean absolute percentage error below 1%. Future research may further enhance the generalization capability of this framework, reduce computational cost, and improve model interpretability.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Kuo"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Shunli"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Fernández","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Blaabjerg","given":"Frede"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/batteries11100376","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11100376","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7126044163","type":"article-journal","title":"Beyond Efficiency: A Systematic Review of Energy Consumption and Carbon Footprint Across the AI Lifecycle","abstract":"The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) systems has intensified concerns regarding their energy consumption and carbon footprint, raising questions about whether efficiency-focused strategies under the Green AI paradigm are sufficient to ensure system-level environmental sustainability. This study systematically synthesizes empirical evidence on the energy use and carbon emissions of AI systems across their life cycle and develops a conceptual framework to integrate sustainability constraints into AI deployment. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines and AMSTAR-2 standards, with searches performed in Web of Science, Pubmed and Scopus up to 19 December 2025. Eligible studies quantitatively assessed energy consumption, carbon footprint, greenhouse-gas emissions, or life-cycle impacts associated with AI systems, including training, inference, hardware, and deployment infrastructures. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The results show that AI-related environmental impacts are substantial and highly context-dependent, with inference-phase energy demand often matching or exceeding training-related consumption in large-scale deployments. Life-cycle assessments indicate that hardware-related emissions and electricity mix strongly influence total carbon footprints, while efficiency gains are frequently constrained by system-level feedback. These findings suggest that isolated efficiency improvements are insufficient and that sustainable AI requires coordinated, system-level governance embedding energy and carbon constraints into design and operational decision-making.","author":[{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Carraquico","given":"Tânia"},{"family":"Martínez-Pérez","given":"Clara"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18031359","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18031359","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410813963","type":"article-journal","title":"Operation Strategy of Multi-Virtual Power Plants Participating in Joint Electricity–Carbon Market Based on Carbon Emission Theory","abstract":"The global energy transition is accelerating, bringing new challenges to power systems. A high penetration of renewable energy increases grid volatility. Virtual power plants (VPPs) address this by dynamically responding to market signals. They integrate renewables, energy storage, and flexible loads. Additionally, they participate in multi-tier markets, including energy, ancillary services, and capacity trading. This study proposes a load factor-based VPP pre-dispatch model for optimal resource allocation. It incorporates the coupling effects of electricity–carbon markets. A Nash negotiation strategy is developed for multi-VPP cooperation. The model uses an accelerated adaptive alternating-direction multiplier method (AA-ADMM) for efficient demand response. The approach balances computational efficiency with privacy protection. Revenue is allocated fairly based on individual contributions. The study uses data from a VPP dispatch center in Shanxi Province. Shanxi has abundant wind and solar resources, necessitating advanced scheduling methods. Cooperative operation boosts profits for three VPPs by CNY 1101, 260, and 823, respectively. The alliance’s total profit rises by CNY 2184. Carbon emissions drop by 31.3% to 8.113 tons, with a CNY 926 gain over independent operation. Post-cooperation, VPP1 and VPP2 see slight emission increases, while VPP3 achieves major reductions. This leads to significant low-carbon benefits. This method proves effective in cutting costs and emissions. It also balances economic and environmental gains while ensuring fair profit distribution.","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Jiahao"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Dongmei"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Xiaonuo"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Wei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18112820","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112820","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408274631","type":"article-journal","title":"Biowaste to biochar: a techno-economic and life cycle assessment of biochar production from food-waste digestate and its agricultural field application","abstract":"Abstract Biochar has high potential for long-term atmospheric carbon storage in terrestrial environments, contributing to meeting the UK and global greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. This study investigates the greenhouse gas emissions and techno-economics associated with biochar produced from food waste anaerobic digestate using hydrothermal carbonisation followed by high-temperature post carbonisation. Owing to high moisture contents, digestates are challenging to valorise. However, these low-value feedstocks have steady availability with minimal competition for other applications. The study focuses on food waste digestate supply, biochar production, biochar agricultural field application, and transportation activities. Minimising digestate transport through co-locating biochar production facilities with anaerobic digestion displayed greenhouse gas mitigation costs of < £100 tCO 2 eq −1 (125 USD tCO 2 eq −1 ). The 88% stable carbon fraction of the biochar, which is resistant to degradation in soil, is primarily responsible for the effective removal of atmospheric greenhouse gases. This results in net emissions reductions of 1.15–1.20 tCO 2 eq per tonne of biochar, predominantly due to the long-term storage of durable carbon (1.7 tCO 2 eq per tonne of biochar). Using 50% of the UK’s projected available food waste digestate by 2030 offers a sequester potential of 93 ktCO 2 eq p.a., requiring 28 biochar facilities at 20 kt p.a. capacity. Sensitivity analysis emphasises the influence of the gate fee charged to process digestate, highlighting its importance for economic success of the biochar production. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential technology enhancements to reduce fossil-fuel use and provide greater certainty of the co-benefits of biochar application in agricultural soil. Graphical Abstract","author":[{"family":"Gamaralalage","given":"Disni"},{"family":"Rodgers","given":"Sarah"},{"family":"Gill","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Meredith","given":"Will"},{"family":"Bott","given":"Tom"},{"family":"West","given":"Helen"},{"family":"Alce","given":"Jessica"},{"family":"Snape","given":"Colin"},{"family":"Mckechnie","given":"Jon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s42773-025-00456-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-025-00456-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407929990","type":"article-journal","title":"Unlocking soil health: Are microbial functional genes effective indicators?","abstract":"Soil microbial community plays crucial roles in promoting soil functions and maintaining soil health. Microbial functional gene abundances are actively involved in soil processes which supports soil functions and wider soil health. However, their suitability as indicators to assess soil health is still debatable. In this study, we sampled soils from a 10-year long-term fertilization experiment in a wheat-maize cropping system on the North China Plain. The treatment included no fertilizer (Control), chemical fertilizers only (NPK), NPK + organic manure, NPK + straw, and NPK + manure + straw. We quantified seventeen functional genes involved in carbon ( cbbL, GH31 ), nitrogen ( nifH, ureC, chiA, A-amoA, B-amoA, narG, nirK, nirS, norB and nosZ ), and phosphorus ( gltA, bpp, phoD, phoC, pqqC ) cycling. These genes were correlated with a suite of soil properties representing indicators of carbon (total carbon, organic carbon, and permanganate oxidizable carbon, α-1,4 glucosidase and carbon dioxide emission), nitrogen (total nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, and nitrous oxide emission), and phosphorous (available phosphorus, acid and alkaline phosphatase) pools/cycling. Soil microbial functional genes exhibited high coefficients of variation and strong sensitivity to fertilization treatments, while showing low variability among replicates within the same treatment. The abundances of functional genes, especially GH31, cbbL, B-amoA, chiA, phoC , and phoD were strongly correlated with their proxy indicators of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. In addition, organic fertilization enhanced carbon and nutrients relevant functional gene abundances, generating positive effects on maize yield. These results indicate that microbial functional genes are sensitive to organic inputs and could provide a more detailed and mechanistic understanding of soil processes than conventional indicators by capturing the biochemical processes that govern nutrient dynamics. Our study underscores the potential of microbial functional genes as sensitive and valuable indicators for advancing soil health assessments and management practices. • Microbial functional genes were related to carbon and nutrient cycling. • Functional genes and proxy indicators for soil processes were highly correlated. • Functional genes were more sensitive to fertilization than proxy indicators. • Models showed strong relationships between functional genes and crop yield.","author":[{"family":"Jia","given":"Jiyu"},{"family":"Goede","given":"RGMD"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yizan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiangzhou"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiangzhou"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Guangzhou"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Junling"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Junling"},{"family":"Creamer","given":"Rachel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109768","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109768","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415138974","type":"article-journal","title":"Functionalized Carbon-Based Materials for Uranium Extraction: A Review","abstract":"The development of effective materials for uranium extraction from seawater is vital for advancing sustainable energy solutions. However, the efficient recovery of uranium from seawater presents significant challenges due to its extremely low concentration, the presence of competing ions, and the complex marine environment. To address these issues, various materials such as inorganic and organic sorbents, chelating resins, nanostructured sorbents, and composite materials have been explored. More recently, the functionalization of carbon-based materials for enhanced adsorption properties has attracted much interest because of their high specific surface area, excellent chemical and thermal stability, and tunable porosity. These materials include activated carbon, graphene oxide, biochar, carbon cloths, carbon nanotubes, and carbon aerogels. The enhancement of carbonaceous materials is typically achieved through surface functionalization with chelating groups and the synthesis of composite materials that integrate other high-performance sorbents. This review aims to summarize the work of these functionalized carbon materials, focusing on their adsorption capacity, selectivity, and durability for uranium adsorption. This is followed by a discussion on the binding mechanisms of uranium with major chelating functional groups grafted on carbonaceous sorbents. Finally, an outlook for future research is suggested. We hope that this review will be helpful to researchers engaged in related studies.","author":[{"family":"Hussain","given":"Maqbool"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Zhao"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xusheng"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Zhisheng"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Jianzhong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/separations12100283","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/separations12100283","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412198216","type":"article-journal","title":"Targeted Degradation Technologies Utilizing Autophagy","abstract":"Targeted degradation technologies, primarily referring to targeted protein degradation, have emerged as promising drug discovery strategies. In contrast to traditional \"occupancy-driven\" inhibition approaches, these technologies ingeniously leverage the cell's endogenous degradation mechanisms to achieve specific elimination of disease-causing targets. Autophagy, a highly conserved cellular clearance pathway, possesses broad substrate recognition capabilities, enabling degradation of not only individual proteins but also protein aggregates, damaged organelles, and invading pathogens. Given these characteristics, researchers are actively exploring the application of autophagy mechanisms in targeted degradation technologies. Herein, we summarize recent advances in autophagy-dependent degradation approaches, including autophagosome tethering compounds (ATTEC), autophagy-targeting chimeras (AUTAC), autophagy-targeting Chimera (AUTOTAC), chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA)-based methods, nanotechnology-based strategies, and the newly introduced autophagy-induced antibody (AUTAB) technique, highlighting their mechanisms, advantages, and potential applications in treating tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, and other challenging conditions.","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Zeyu"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Jiaming"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Binghua"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yanyan"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Wenjie"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Wenli"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Ke"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Lijing"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hongchang"},{"family":"Shao","given":"Ximing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ijms26146576","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26146576","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7117103065","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-Carbon Optimization Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Storage in Integrated Energy System Considering Bidirectional Interaction Between Green Certificate and Carbon Trading","abstract":"To improve the low-carbon economic operation of integrated energy system (IES) with electric–thermal–hydrogen hybrid energy storage (ETH-HES), this paper proposes a low-carbon optimal dispatch strategy that jointly considers the bidirectional interaction between green certificate trading (GCT) and stepwise carbon emission trading (SCET), as well as lifetime degradation of electrolyzers and batteries. A coupled GCT–SCET interaction model is formulated by linking green certificate acquisition with carbon quota transactions, and a triple-incentive mechanism is introduced to monetize the low-carbon value of ETH-HES. In addition, degradation-aware models are established for the electrolyzer and battery to capture long-term operating costs. Case studies show that the proposed strategy reduces system operating cost and carbon emissions, increases wind and PV utilization, and improves the operating profit of ETH-HES.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Xuenan"},{"family":"Shang","given":"Guozheng"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Pengyu"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Wenjing"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Zongnan"},{"family":"Song","given":"Yu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19010070","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010070","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415861906","type":"article-journal","title":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Off-Grid Electrification: A Comprehensive Review of Storage Technologies, Metaheuristic Optimization Approaches and Key Challenges","abstract":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRESs) are a practical solution for providing reliable, low-carbon electricity to off-grid and remote communities. This review examines the role of energy storage within HRESs by systematically comparing electrochemical, mechanical, thermal, and hydrogen-based technologies in terms of technical performance, lifecycle cost, operational constraints, and environmental impact. We synthesize findings from implemented off-grid projects across multiple countries to evaluate real-world performance metrics, including renewable fraction, expected energy not supplied (EENS), lifecycle cost, and operation & maintenance burdens. Special attention is given to the emerging role of hydrogen as a long-term and cross-sector energy carrier, addressing its technical, regulatory, and financial barriers to widespread deployment. In addition, the paper reviews real-world implementations of off-grid HRES in various countries, summarizing practical outcomes and lessons for system design and policy. The discussion also includes recent advances in metaheuristic optimization algorithms, which have improved planning efficiency, system reliability, and cost-effectiveness. By combining technological, operational, and policy perspectives, this review identifies current challenges and future directions for developing sustainable, resilient, and economically viable HRES that can accelerate equitable electrification in remote areas. Finally, the review outlines key limitations and future directions, calling for more systematic quantitative studies, long-term field validation of emerging technologies, and the development of intelligent, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven energy management systems within broader socio-techno-economic frameworks. Overall, this work offers concise insights to guide researchers and policymakers in advancing the practical deployment of sustainable and resilient HRES.","author":[{"family":"Taghizad-Tavana","given":"Kamran"},{"family":"Nezhad","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Hagh","given":"Mehrdad"},{"family":"Canani","given":"Afshin"},{"family":"Safari","given":"Ashkan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/eng6110309","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/eng6110309","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406710279","type":"article-journal","title":"Unlocking the potential of liquid crystals as phase change materials for thermal energy storage","abstract":"This review paper examines the innovative use of liquid crystals (LCs) as phase change materials in thermal energy storage systems. With the rising demand for efficient energy storage, LCs offer unique opportunities owing to their tunable phase transitions, high latent heat, and favorable thermal conductivity. This paper covers various types of LCs, such as nematic, smectic, and cholesteric phases, and their roles in enhancing thermal energy storage. It discusses the mechanisms of LC phase transitions and their impact on energy storage efficiency. Strategies to improve the thermal conductivities of LCs and LC polymers have also been explored. One method involves embedding LC units within the molecular structure to promote orderly arrangement, facilitate heat flow, and reduce phonon scattering. Aligning polymer chains through external fields or mechanical processes significantly improves intrinsic thermal conductivity. The inclusion of thermally conductive fillers and optimization of filler-matrix interactions further boost thermal performance. Challenges related to the scalability, cost-effectiveness, and long-term stability of LC-based phase change materials are addressed, along with future research directions. This review synthesizes the current knowledge and identifies gaps in the literature, providing a valuable resource for researchers and engineers to develop advanced thermal energy storage technologies, contributing to sustainable energy solutions.","author":[{"family":"Karyappa","given":"Rahul"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Jiayao"},{"family":"Ho","given":"Chanda"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Suxi"},{"family":"Thitsartarn","given":"Warinton"},{"family":"Kong","given":"Junhua"},{"family":"Kai","given":"Dan"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Beng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Pei"},{"family":"Qu","given":"Zhengyao"},{"family":"Loh","given":"Xian"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Jianwei"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Qiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.20517/energymater.2024.149","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2024.149","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412105644","type":"article-journal","title":"Fate and carbon sequestration potential of sunken macroalgae in coastal oceans from long-term microbial degradation perspective","abstract":"ABSTRACT Although deep-sea macroalgae sinking as a carbon sequestration strategy remains controversial, natural sinking of massive macroalgae frequently occurs in coastal oceans. In the Yellow Sea, millions of tons of the macroalga Ulva prolifera sink to the seafloor annually following green tides, yet their ultimate fate and carbon sequestration potential remain poorly understood. Microbial communities play a crucial role in decomposing organic matter and determining the fate of sunken macroalgae. Our 2-year simulated microbial degradation of U. prolifera revealed that approximately 38% of the carbon in sunken macroalgal biomass was ultimately sequestered in various forms. Of this retained carbon, 10% was transformed into dissolved inorganic bicarbonate ions, enhancing seawater alkalinity and contributing to inorganic carbon storage. Meanwhile, 28% was transformed into recalcitrant dissolved/particulate organic carbon and algal detritus, consisting of degradation-resistant compounds rich in humic-like substances, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and highly aromatic compounds. Metagenomic analysis showed that these transformations were driven by a coordinated microbial succession from r-strategists to K-strategists, mediated by a microbial carbon pump and a ‘microbially driven alkalinity pump’. Our findings suggest that large-scale sinking of U. prolifera holds substantial potential for long-term ocean carbon sequestration, contributing to stable carbon pools in both organic and inorganic forms.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Hongmei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zenghu"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Nair","given":"Shailesh"},{"family":"Xiong","given":"Tianqi"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Hanshuang"},{"family":"He","given":"Ding"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Kitack"},{"family":"Jiao","given":"Nianzhi"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yongyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/nsr/nwaf273","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaf273","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407555401","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparative analysis of capillary threshold pressure measurement techniques: mercury intrusion porosimetry vs. innovative measuring tool for carbon storage","abstract":"Threshold pressure is a critical parameter in evaluating the capillary sealing capacity of rocks, especially in reservoir and caprock studies related to CO 2 storage and hydrocarbon recovery. In this research, we conducted a comparative analysis of two methods for measuring threshold pressure: the traditional mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), which operates under different fluid dynamics, and a new gas-water/brine system (e.g., CO 2 -water) using novel equipment. The new apparatus employs techniques to directly measure the threshold pressure by monitoring the displacement of water by gas, such as CO 2 , in core samples. This system is designed to more accurately replicate in-situ subsurface reservoir conditions by accounting for key parameters such as CO 2 -brine interfacial tension, and pressure. By directly measuring the point at which gas begins to displace water from rock pores, it provides a more realistic assessment of the threshold pressure for CO 2 sequestration projects. For example, in the case of Sample 1, the direct measurement under a confining pressure of 15 MPa resulted in a threshold pressure of 0.4 MPa. In contrast, mercury intrusion data converted for CO 2 drainage estimated the threshold pressure at only 0.1 MPa. Similarly, for Sample 2, the direct measurement yielded a threshold pressure of 0.24 MPa, while the MIP method indicated a significantly lower threshold of 0.05 MPa. These discrepancies underscore the limitations of mercury intrusion when applied to CO 2 -water/brine systems. Underestimation of threshold pressure can have significant consequences for the design and safety of CO 2 storage projects, as this parameter is essential to assess the sealing efficiency of the caprocks and determine the storage capacity.","author":[{"family":"Soomro","given":"Ahsan"},{"family":"Anioł","given":"Łukasz"},{"family":"Kudasik","given":"Mateusz"},{"family":"Dąbrowski","given":"Karol"},{"family":"Nagy","given":"Stanisław"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fenrg.2025.1518424","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2025.1518424","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406271880","type":"article-journal","title":"Spindle‐Shaped Ni‐Fe‐Layered Double Hydroxide: Effect of Etching Time on Flexible Energy Storage","abstract":"Abstract The rising demand for efficient energy storage in flexible electronics is driving the search for materials that are well‐suited for the fabrication of these devices. Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) stand out as a remarkable material with a layered structure that embodies exceptional electrochemical properties. In this study, both double‐shelled and single‐shelled NiFe‐Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) particles are prepared using spindle‐shaped MIL‐101(Fe) as the template. These NiFe‐LDH particles are then utilized to develop a flexible energy storage device. Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) analysis revealed that the as‐synthesized NiFe‐LDH particles transformed into hollow single‐shells from a double‐shelled structure as the aging time increased, which significantly influenced the electrochemical performances. Despite the decreasing specific capacitance and energy density with longer etching times, the sample etched for 2 h (NiFe‐LDH 2h) demonstrated the highest capacitance of 9.24 mF·cm⁻ 2 and an energy density of 0.46 µW·h·cm⁻ 2 , highlighting its promising performance for energy storage applications. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed the highest Ni 2+ : Ni 3+ ratio, and Fe: Ni ratio for NiFe‐ LDH 2h samples, which further influences the energy storage properties. The ability to maintain the high performance of these materials across different bending angles further emphasizes its versatility and relevance in emerging flexible electronics markets.","author":[{"family":"Nair","given":"Keerthi"},{"family":"Ajith","given":"SSR"},{"family":"Paul","given":"Febin"},{"family":"Pallilavalappil","given":"Sreedhanya"},{"family":"Thomas","given":"Nishanth"},{"family":"Hinder","given":"Steven"},{"family":"Manjakkal","given":"Libu"},{"family":"Pillai","given":"Suresh"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smll.202409959","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202409959","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407507691","type":"article-journal","title":"Profitability Analysis of Battery Energy Storage in Energy and Balancing Markets: A Case Study in the Greek Market","abstract":"Despite the massive increase of renewable energy generation in Greece, large-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS) are yet to be integrated in the Greek electricity market. This paper analyzes the profitability of BESS in Greece, focusing on the Day-Ahead Market (DAM) and the Frequency Containment Reserve (FCR) market. To this end, we examine and compare the following three instances of BESS market participation with respect to the short-term uncertainty BESS participants face in terms of market prices and FCR utilization factors: (a) a theoretical perfect information instance, (b) a deterministic instance based on average historical values of the uncertain parameters, and (c) a stochastic instance based on alternative scenarios stemming from historical data. The last two instances are complemented by an out-of-sample validation representing BESS operation after uncertainty is materialized. Furthermore, for each of these three instances, we explore three cases involving participation only in the DAM, only in the FCR market, and in a combination of the DAM and FCR market, accounting for the different pricing mechanisms of these markets. The case studies employ real market and frequency data from Greece and compare the three instances and three market participation cases in terms of achieved profit and energy violation rate.","author":[{"family":"Giannakopoulos","given":"GB"},{"family":"Papadaskalopoulos","given":"Dimitrios"},{"family":"Karasavvidis","given":"Makedon"},{"family":"Vovos","given":"Panagis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18040911","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18040911","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413258001","type":"article-journal","title":"Global Review of Blue Carbon Ecosystem Microbial Communities","abstract":"Microbial communities underpin biogeochemical processes in Blue Carbon Ecosystems (BCEs); however, a comprehensive review of geographic patterns in microbial diversity, microbial functions, and distribution is currently lacking. Here, for the first time, we have analysed 70 years (1930-2020) of archaeal, bacterial, and fungal diversity and functions in mangrove, saltmarsh, and seagrass ecosystems to elucidate publication and geographic trends in reporting data in BCEs and to identify knowledge gaps. Of the 649 journal articles analysed, research on BCE microbial communities has focused overwhelmingly on assessing bacterial richness and functions in BCEs. Our gap analysis revealed that only ~25%-50% of the countries that have BCEs have been represented, suggesting that our understanding of archaeal, bacterial, and fungal geographic diversity in BCEs is still incomplete. In the context of taxonomic-based limitations in our study's approach, we have identified gaps of knowledge in archaeal and fungal sediment biodiversity in saltmarsh and seagrass ecosystems. This significantly impacts our ability to forecast ecosystem services amid current and future human and climate pressures in BCEs. The results from this synthesis could serve as a useful reference for microbial baseline data and research trends in BCEs to develop novel hypothesis-testing research.","author":[{"family":"Birnbaum","given":"Christina"},{"family":"Waryszak","given":"Paweł"},{"family":"Trevathantackett","given":"Stacey"},{"family":"Bowen","given":"Jennifer"},{"family":"Connolly","given":"Rod"},{"family":"Duarte","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Macreadie","given":"Peter"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/1462-2920.70168","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.70168","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406525441","type":"article-journal","title":"Critical Geochemical and Microbial Reactions in Underground Hydrogen Storage: Quantifying Hydrogen Loss and Evaluating CO2 as Cushion Gas","abstract":"Hydrogen is a pivotal energy carrier for achieving sustainability and stability, but safe and efficient geological underground hydrogen storage (UHS) is critical for its large-scale application. This study investigates the impacts of geochemical and biochemical reactions on UHS, addressing challenges that threaten storage efficiency and safety. Geochemical reactions in saline aquifers, particularly the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), were analyzed using advanced compositional and geochemical modeling calibrated with experimental kinetic data. The results indicate that geochemical reactions have a minimal effect on hydrogen consumption. However, by year 10 of storage operations, H2S levels could reach 12–13 ppm, necessitating desulfurization to maintain storage performance and safety. The study also examines the methanogenesis reaction, where microorganisms consume hydrogen and carbon dioxide to produce methane. Numerical simulations reveal that microbial activity under suitable conditions can reduce in situ hydrogen volume by up to 50%, presenting a critical hurdle to UHS feasibility. These findings highlight the necessity of conducting microbial analyses of reservoir brines during the screening phase to mitigate hydrogen losses. The novelty of this work lies in its comprehensive field-scale analysis of impurity-induced geochemical and microbial reactions and their implications for underground hydrogen storage. By integrating kinetic parameters derived from experimental data with advanced computational modeling, this study uncovers the mechanisms driving these reactions and highlights their impact on storage efficiency, and safety. By offering a detailed field-scale perspective, the findings provide a pivotal framework for advancing future hydrogen storage projects and ensuring their practical viability.","author":[{"family":"Homoud","given":"Rana"},{"family":"Machado","given":"Marcos"},{"family":"Daigle","given":"Hugh"},{"family":"Ates","given":"Harun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/hydrogen6010004","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen6010004","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406761445","type":"article-journal","title":"Research Progress Towards and Prospects of Carbon Dots Derived from Tea and Chinese Medicinal Materials","abstract":"This review focuses on the research progress related to carbon dots (CDs) derived from Chinese herbal medicines and tea, covering preparation methods, physicochemical properties, and application fields. It elaborates on preparation approaches like hydrothermal, solvothermal, microwave-assisted, and ultrasonic-assisted methods, and their influence on CDs' structure and properties. It also explores CDs' structural and optical properties. The application fields include antibacterial, sensing, bioimaging, photocatalysis, hemostasis, and energy. Carbon dots show antibacterial activity by destroying bacterial cell membranes, they can detect various substances in sensing, are important for bioimaging, degrade organic pollutants in photocatalysis, have hemostatic and anti-inflammatory effects, and can be used as battery anode materials. Despite progress, challenges remain in improving yield, quantum yield, property control, and understanding their mechanism of action. This review provides a reference for related research and looks ahead to future directions.","author":[{"family":"Tang","given":"Xiaoxue"},{"family":"Gong","given":"Zhao"},{"family":"Lang","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Hongyue"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Siqi"},{"family":"Lv","given":"Yuguang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15030171","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15030171","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7127132132","type":"article-journal","title":"Polyoxometalates in environmental remediation and energy storage","abstract":", and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) - from polluted air, as well as the elimination of various organic dyes, heavy metals, and pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater. POMs have also gained recognition as adaptable redox-active materials suitable for next-generation energy storage systems. Their high electron-transfer capacity, structural flexibility, and remarkable chemical stability make them ideal candidates for various applications. POMs can facilitate multi-electron redox processes, allowing for their application in batteries, supercapacitors, and hybrid devices, which results in improved energy density and cycling performance. Recent developments in POM-based composites and electrode designs are further discussed for innovative, sustainable, and scalable energy storage solutions. Additionally, their tunable electrical and magnetic properties make them effective sensors for detecting various environmental pollutants.","author":[{"family":"Gregorovic","given":"Ingrid"},{"family":"Lotfian","given":"Nahid"},{"family":"Khajavian","given":"Ruhollah"},{"family":"Maity","given":"Sukanya"},{"family":"Mirzaei","given":"Masoud"},{"family":"Mal","given":"Sib"},{"family":"Aureliano","given":"Manuel"},{"family":"Rompel","given":"Annette"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5en00964b","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00964b","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407138845","type":"article-journal","title":"Techno-Economic Analysis of Mineralization and Utilization of CO2 in Recycled Concrete Aggregates","abstract":"Considering the dangers and risks posed by climate change, many countries and organizations have pledged to achieve “net-zero emissions” by 2050. The present work introduces a new approach that addresses the growing global carbon emissions issue by integrating CO2 capture and sequestration through the carbonation of recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs), producing an alternative sand (AS) product. This study explores the capture of low-concentration CO2 and its suitability for sequestration into RCA. The integration of RCA in the process allows concrete manufacturers to reduce their reliance on mined sand, thereby minimizing its impact on the environment. A techno-economic analysis (TEA) was conducted on the CO2 absorption and mineralization process to assess its economic viability across various processing scales, from 150 kt CO2 per year to 1 Mt CO2 per year. Initial bench-scale experiments show that RCA samples have a carbonation capacity of 10% by mass—these experimental results were used to conduct a TEA using Aspen Plus and an Aspen Process Economic Analyzer (APEA). The TEA results reveal a cost of 11.02 USD/t AS at the smallest scale and 8.02 USD/t AS at the largest scale.","author":[{"family":"Goh","given":"Wayne"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Suming"},{"family":"Yong","given":"Roy"},{"family":"Tham","given":"Kit"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Cun"},{"family":"Tao","given":"Longgang"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Shuying"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13020410","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13020410","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410998187","type":"article-journal","title":"Economic Analysis of Nuclear Energy Cogeneration: A Comprehensive Review on Integrated Utilization","abstract":"Nuclear energy cogeneration, which integrates electricity generation with thermal energy utilization, presents a transformative pathway for enhancing energy efficiency and decarbonizing industrial and urban sectors. This comprehensive review synthesizes advancements in technological stratification, economic modeling, and sectoral practices to evaluate the viability of nuclear cogeneration as a cornerstone of low-carbon energy transitions. By categorizing applications based on temperature requirements (low: <250 °C, medium: 250–550 °C, high: >550 °C), the study highlights the adaptability of reactor technologies, including light water reactors (LWRs), high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs), and molten salt reactors (MSRs), to sector-specific demands. Key findings reveal that nuclear cogeneration systems achieve thermal efficiencies exceeding 80% in low-temperature applications and reduce CO2 emissions by 1.5–2.5 million tons annually per reactor by displacing fossil fuel-based heat sources. Economic analyses emphasize the critical role of cost allocation methodologies, with exergy-based approaches reducing levelized costs by 18% in high-temperature applications. Policy instruments, such as carbon pricing, value-added tax (VAT) exemptions, and subsidized loans, enhance project viability, elevating net present values by 25–40% for district heating systems. Case studies from Finland, China, and Canada demonstrate operational successes, including 30% emission reductions in oil sands processing and hydrogen production costs as low as USD 3–5/kg via thermochemical cycles. Hybrid nuclear–renewable systems further stabilize energy supply, reducing the levelized cost of heat by 18%. The review underscores the necessity of integrating Generation IV reactors, thermal storage, and policy alignment to unlock nuclear cogeneration’s full potential in achieving global decarbonization and energy security goals.","author":[{"family":"Jia","given":"Guancong"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Guifeng"},{"family":"Zou","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Yuwen"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Ye"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Jianhui"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Jian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18112929","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112929","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7135025471","type":"article-journal","title":"Visualising reaction complexes in amine-based unloaded and CO2-loaded carbon capture solutions","abstract":"Abstract In power generation and industries where CO 2 emissions are unavoidable, carbon capture, utilisation, and storage is an important tool to offset climate change. Many carbon capture agents are blends of aqueous amines, which absorb CO 2 and are then thermally regenerated. The physical interactions between solutes play a crucial role in their reactivity and energy requirements for regeneration. Atomically resolved, experimentally derived information about the structure of these solutions, however, has yet to be reported. In this work, we report the structure of two model carbon capture solvents, aqueous sodium and potassium glycinate, in the unloaded and CO 2 -loaded state by performing structural refinement on H/D isotopically varied neutron diffraction data. This allows us to quantify the structure, frequency, and EPSR-derived pair interaction energetic stability of intermolecular interactions present. Such methodology can be readily applied to other carbon capture solutions, providing unparalleled insight and facilitating their large-scale modelling and rational design.","author":[{"family":"Laurent","given":"Harrison"},{"family":"Sault","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Headen","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Hughes","given":"Terri"},{"family":"Wheatley","given":"James"},{"family":"Rayner","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Dougan","given":"Lorna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-026-70391-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70391-6","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W7119137451","type":"article-journal","title":"Advances in postharvest storage of edible fungi: mechanisms, technologies, and future perspectives","abstract":"Edible fungi, including widely cultivated varieties such as Agaricus bisporus, Lentinula edodes, and Pleurotus ostreatus, are valued for their high nutritional content, unique flavor, and medicinal properties. However, their high moisture content (80%–90%) and active postharvest physiological processes lead to rapid quality deterioration, resulting in non-negligible economic losses and resource waste. This review comprehensively examines the mechanisms underlying postharvest spoilage of edible fungi, including physical, physiological, biochemical, and microbial factors. Key deterioration processes are water loss, enzymatic browning, nutrient degradation, and microbial invasion. Moreover, both conventional and emerging storage technologies are evaluated, including low-temperature storage, modified atmosphere packaging, chemical treatments, physical methods, and biological approaches. Additionally, this review comprehensively introduces the detection technologies for characterizing the storage quality of edible fungi, such as those related to sensory properties, flavor, nutrition, microorganisms, and enzymes. Future directions emphasize sustainable, multi-technology synergistic strategies, smart supply chain management, and the application of digital technologies for real-time quality control. This work aims to provide a scientific foundation for developing effective storage methods to extend the shelf life and enhance the commercial value of edible fungi.","author":[{"family":"Pan","given":"Zilong"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xuhuijie"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Ruxuan"},{"family":"Nie","given":"Jinggui"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xuechun"},{"family":"He","given":"Xiahong"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhenxing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44462-025-00045-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44462-025-00045-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410502260","type":"article-journal","title":"Polarity Adaptive Carbon Dots: Photoluminescence in Heterogeneous Environments","abstract":"Abstract Carbon dots (CDs) dissolving in heterogeneous environments such as solvents with very different polarities, ionic liquids, and emulsion gels can greatly expand the application in numerous scenarios. However, currently reported amphiphilic CDs usually aggregate at low concentrations in heterogeneous environments (especially for water), which is detrimental to the luminescence of CDs due to aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect. In this work, four types of “polarity adaptive carbon dots” ( pad ‐CDs) that can dissolve in water, organic solvents, ionic liquids, and even emulsion gels are designed. The introduction of hydrophilic imidazole ionic liquids (ILs) provided abundant functional groups on the surface of CDs derived from phenylenediamine (PDA) isomers. Thus, the pad ‐CDs can maintain uniform dispersion over a wide concentration range even in water. Spectral analysis for pad ‐CDs in seven kinds of solvents shows that the surface dipole moment of pad ‐CDs changed and the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state is generated after excitation when pad ‐CDs adapted to the solvent polarity. Subsequently, heterogeneous environments with microscopic bicontinuous and microscopic phase separation are set up to observe the PL of pad ‐CDs. All selected pad ‐CDs adapted to heterogeneous environments, showing bright PL and modifying the corresponding environment simultaneously.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Xiaoqian"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Ning"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Xiaofeng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hongguang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adom.202403394","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202403394","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415299938","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing Renewable Microgrid Performance Through Hydrogen Storage Integration","abstract":"The global transition to a low-carbon energy system requires innovative solutions that integrate renewable energy production with storage and utilization technologies. The growth in energy demand, combined with the intermittency of these sources, highlights the need for advanced management models capable of ensuring system stability and efficiency. This paper presents the development of an optimized energy management system integrating renewable sources, with a focus on green hydrogen production via electrolysis, storage, and use through a fuel cell. The system aims to promote energy autonomy and support the transition to a low-carbon economy by reducing dependence on the conventional electricity grid. The proposed model enables flexible hourly energy flow optimization, considering solar availability, local consumption, hydrogen storage capacity, and grid interactions. Formulated as a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model, it supports strategic decision-making regarding hydrogen production, storage, and utilization, as well as energy trading with the grid. Simulations using production and consumption profiles assessed the effects of hydrogen storage capacity and electricity price variations. Results confirm the effectiveness of the model in optimizing system performance under different operational scenarios.","author":[{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Bruno"},{"family":"Baptista","given":"José"},{"family":"Cerveira","given":"Adelaide"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/a18100656","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18100656","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417184057","type":"article-journal","title":"Coal matrix response to CO2 adsorption and emission: implications for sustainable mining and carbon sequestration","abstract":"This study investigates the coal matrix response to CO₂ adsorption and emission, exploring its potential for sustainable carbon sequestration in abandoned coal mines, mineable and un-nimeable coal layers. Unlike previous studies focusing on short-term desorption, this research uniquely examines long-term gas emission without vacuum intervention, simulating real-world conditions in abandoned mines. The results highlight coal’s strong CO₂ retention, with higher pressures amplifying deformation but not necessarily adsorption, due to confining pressure effects. Optimal saturation times of 1500 min for pressures below 30 bar and 2700 min for higher pressures are recommended. Using a novel triaxial testing apparatus, coal samples from the Chamestan region, Iran, were subjected to CO₂ saturation at injection pressures of 15, 30, and 35 bar for 3000 min, followed by emission over 3150 min. Key findings reveal that CO₂ adsorption increases with pressure, inducing axial strains of 0.517%, 0.559%, and 0.678% at 15, 30, and 35 bar, respectively, driven by gas diffusion and fracture formation. Post-emission, axial strains reduced to 0.087%, 0.071%, and 0.054%, indicating irreversible structural changes. Cyclic tests showed a significant decline in adsorption capacity, with axial strain dropping from 0.560% to 0.331% in a second cycle without vacuum treatment, recovering to 0.445% after vacuum treatment. These findings advance the understanding of coal’s long-term behavior for CO 2 sequestration, offering practical insights for enhancing carbon capture and storage technologies and supporting sustainable mining practices to mitigate climate change.","author":[{"family":"Ardehjani","given":"Emad"},{"family":"Sereshki","given":"Farhang"},{"family":"Ataei","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Mirzaghorbanali","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Aziz","given":"Naj"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-27339-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-27339-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411975659","type":"article-journal","title":"Decomposition of driving factors and peak prediction of carbon emissions in key cities in China","abstract":"Urban areas are pivotal contributors to carbon emissions, and achieving carbon peaking at the urban level is crucial for meeting national carbon reduction targets. This study estimates the carbon emissions and intensity changes of 19 cities from 2000 to 2023 using urban statistical data. By employing the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method, the driving factors of carbon emissions across these cities are analyzed. Additionally, a multi-scenario prediction approach is utilized to forecast the timing of carbon peaking and trends in carbon emission intensity under various scenarios. The findings reveal that, during the study period, carbon emissions exhibited an overall upward trend, while carbon emission intensity demonstrated a year-by-year decline. The population effect and per capita GDP effect were identified as significant drivers of urban carbon emissions during urban development. Conversely, reducing energy intensity and the carbon intensity of energy consumption can effectively curb the growth of carbon emissions. Under the low-carbon scenario, all cities are projected to achieve carbon peaking before 2030. In the baseline scenario, the vast majority of cities (89.47%) are expected to reach carbon peaking before 2030. However, under the high-carbon scenario, only 63.16% of cities are anticipated to achieve carbon peaking by the same deadline.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yuxin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yao"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yongjian"},{"family":"Quan","given":"Jing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s13021-025-00310-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-025-00310-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411615453","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Aerogel for Aqueous Phase Adsorption/Absorption: Application Performances, Intrinsic Characteristics, and Regulatory Constructions","abstract":"Carbon aerogels (CAs), owing to their low density, rich pore structure, high specific surface area, and excellent physicochemical stability, possess broad application prospects in the field of pollutant adsorption/absorption in aqueous‐phase systems. Starting from the various performance indicators, such as capacity, efficiency, reusability, and selectivity of CAs applied in aqueous adsorption/absorption scenarios, the structural compositions and intrinsic characteristics, including wettability, activity, porous structure, macroform, and mechanical property, of CAs that affect these properties are analyzed and traced. Besides, the construction paths of CAs with different characteristics from the perspectives of precursor selection (polymer, biomass, and graphene), preparation processes (gelling, drying, and carbonization), and modification methods (doping, compositing, and coating) are further summarized. From this, the generalized interrelationships among the structures, properties, and applications of CAs adsorbents are clarified, and the specific methods for the design and regulation of CAs are provided. Thus, this review lays a theoretical and practical foundation for the oriented production of efficient CAs suitable for specific aqueous adsorption/absorption scenarios and for the energetical promotion of CAs adsorbents toward commercial market applications.","author":[{"family":"Zhong","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Qin","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xuzhen"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Weifeng"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Yongzhen"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xuguang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/sstr.202400650","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400650","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409361912","type":"article-journal","title":"Estimating Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Carbon Storage in Roinia pseudoacacia Plantations in the Caijiachuan Watershed Using Sample Plots and Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle-Borne Laser Scanning Data","abstract":"Forest ecosystems play a pivotal role in the global carbon cycle and climate change mitigation. Forest aboveground biomass (AGB), a critical indicator of carbon storage and sequestration capacity, has garnered significant attention in ecological research. Recently, uncrewed aerial vehicle-borne laser scanning (ULS) technology has emerged as a promising tool for rapidly acquiring three-dimensional spatial information on AGB and vegetation carbon storage. This study evaluates the applicability and accuracy of UAV-LiDAR technology in estimating the spatiotemporal dynamics of AGB and vegetation carbon storage in Robinia pseudoacacia (R. pseudoacacia) plantations in the gully regions of the Loess Plateau, China. At the sample plot scale, optimal parameters for individual tree segmentation (ITS) based on the canopy height model (CHM) were determined, and segmentation accuracy was validated. The results showed root mean square error (RMSE) values of 13.17 trees (25.16%) for tree count, 0.40 m (3.57%) for average tree height (AH), and 320.88 kg (16.94%) for AGB. The regression model, which links sample plot AGB with AH and tree count, generated AGB estimates that closely matched the observed AGB values. At the watershed scale, ULS data were used to estimate the AGB and vegetation carbon storage of R. pseudoacacia plantations in the Caijiachuan watershed. The analysis revealed a total of 68,992 trees, with a total carbon storage of 2890.34 Mg and a carbon density of 62.46 Mg ha−1. Low-density forest areas (<1500 trees ha−1) dominated the landscape, accounting for 94.38% of the tree count, 82.62% of the area, and 92.46% of the carbon storage. Analysis of tree-ring data revealed significant variation in the onset of growth decline across different density classes of plantations aged 0–30 years, with higher-density stands exhibiting delayed growth decline compared to lower-density stands. Compared to traditional methods based on diameter at breast height (DBH), carbon storage assessments demonstrated superior accuracy and scientific validity. This study underscores the feasibility and potential of ULS technology for AGB and carbon storage estimation in regions with complex terrain, such as the Loess Plateau. It highlights the importance of accounting for topographic factors to enhance estimation accuracy. The findings provide valuable data support for density management and high-quality development of R. pseudoacacia plantations in the Caijiachuan watershed and present an efficient approach for precise forest carbon sink accounting.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Yawei"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Ruoxiu"},{"family":"He","given":"Miaomiao"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Jiongchang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Shengze"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jianjun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/rs17081365","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17081365","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416673686","type":"article-journal","title":"Energy- and cost-efficient CO2 capture from dilute emissions by pyridinic-graphene membranes","abstract":"Abstract Membrane-based carbon capture offers an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional absorption-based processes, yet adoption remains limited by its performance with dilute CO 2 sources such as natural gas power plants. Here we present a techno-economic assessment of pyridinic-graphene membranes—porous graphene membranes hosting pyridinic nitrogen—that yield increasingly high CO 2 permeance and selectivity as CO 2 concentration in the feed decreases. This unique behaviour substantially reduces energy consumption, process footprint and capture costs, even when considering the non-ideal effects such as concentration polarization and pressure drops. Using uncertainty-aware cost modelling, including membrane cost, electricity prices, contingency factors and learning curves, we show that capture costs can reach US$50–100 per ton CO 2 for natural gas power plants and as low as US$25–50 per ton CO 2 for coal and cement plants, positioning this technology favourably against state-of-the-art capture processes. Our work bridges material innovation with process optimization, highlighting the role of advanced membrane materials and process design in cost-effective carbon capture for diverse industrial sectors.","author":[{"family":"Micari","given":"Marina"},{"family":"Hsu","given":"Kuang‐jung"},{"family":"Bempeli","given":"Stefania"},{"family":"Agrawal","given":"Kumar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41893-025-01696-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-025-01696-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410258040","type":"article-journal","title":"Energy scheduling of renewable integrated system with hydrogen storage in distribution grid including charging and hydrogen stations of electric vehicles","abstract":"In this article, the energy management of the intelligent distribution system with charging stations for battery-based electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid EVs, hydrogen station for fuel cell-based EVs, and renewable integrated energy systems (IESs) with hydrogen storage devices in accordance with the estimation of economic, operational, security and environmental goals of distribution system operator is presented. Hydrogen storage is used to store electric energy and feed hydrogen consumers. The methodology adopted here is expressed as a multi-objective formulation to be solved. Objective functions are minimizing the cost of buying energy by distribution system from the upstream network, minimizing distribution system energy losses, minimizing environmental emissions, and maximizing voltage security in the distribution system. In this issue, AC power flow model, operation and voltage security boundaries in the network, performance model of charging station for EVs, hydrogen station model for fuel cell vehicles, and renewable IES operation model with hydrogen storage is the boundaries specific to the problem. The problem in the single-objective model uses the Pareto optimization that relies on the sum of weighted functions method. Next, the fuzzy decision-making technique extracts an optimal compromised solution between the operational, economic, security and environmental objectives of the network operator. In the present scheme, load, energy prices, renewable phenomena, electric vehicles have uncertainty. In this article, stochastic optimization based on Unscented Transform is incorporated to provide a suitable modeling of the uncertain parameters appearing in the problem. Modelling of the performance of EVs charging station and hydrogen fulling station, using hydrogen storage as electricity energy storage and feeding hydrogen loads, energy management of renewable bio-waste and tidal units in IES, considering the different objectives of network operator, and using Unscented Transform approach to model of uncertainty parameters are the innovations of this article. Findings show that the method improves the technical, environmental and economic conditions of the grid, and the integrated system with its optimal performance is able to enhance the economic, environmental, security and operation status of the distribution system up to roughly 45.8%, 38%, 32-45% and 10.6%, respectively.","author":[{"family":"Emdadi","given":"Kazem"},{"family":"Gandomkar","given":"Majid"},{"family":"Nikoukar","given":"Javad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-99697-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99697-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411174319","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of CO 2 Methanation Process: Recent Advances and Future Prospects","abstract":"Catalytic CO 2 conversion can not only effectively alleviate CO 2 emissions but also convert it into high-value-added products, which is of great significance for achieving the mid-to-long-term strategic goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in many countries around the world. CO 2 methanation, as a key step in the Power-to-Gas (PtG) technology chain, has been considered to be one of the most promising routes for CO 2 utilization. Due to the chemical inertness and thermodynamic stability of the CO 2 molecule and the strong exothermic nature of this reaction, catalysts with suitable activity and sintering resistance, as well as catalytic systems with desirable heat management capability, are the key factors regarding its industrial application. Induction heating (IH), plasma, photothermal catalysis, as well as electrocatalysis approaches have been employed to boost the overall performance of catalytic CO 2 methanation in recent decades. Herein, the recent state-of-the-art advances in CO 2 methanation in the above aspects have been fully summarized in terms of both catalyst and catalytic system design. Future development and challenges of these technologies for CO 2 methanation have also been discussed.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Nguyen-Quang","given":"Minh"},{"family":"Mateo","given":"Diego"},{"family":"Yong","given":"Xue"},{"family":"Li","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Haiquan"},{"family":"Chu","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Pham-Huu","given":"Cuong"},{"family":"Tu","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Gascón","given":"Jorge"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acscatal.5c01422","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c01422","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412144006","type":"article-journal","title":"Quasi/All Solid‐State Electrolytes for Lithium–Carbon Dioxide Batteries","abstract":"ABSTRACT The lithium–carbon dioxide (Li–CO 2 ) battery is an important solution for addressing carbon dioxide emissions and is regarded as a promising power source for Mars exploration. In the semi‐open system of Li–CO 2 batteries, traditional liquid electrolytes face issues such as leakage and volatilization. Over the past decade, this technology has undergone rapid development in terms of quasi/all solid‐state electrolyte technology and cathode design. Here, three basic types of quasi/all solid‐state electrolytes are introduced, and an in‐depth summary of the latest progress is provided. Future research and development trends for solid‐state Li–CO 2 batteries are also proposed. This study aims to provide references for the development of solid‐state Li–CO 2 batteries and other metal‐gas batteries.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Zehui"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Xu"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhuojun"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Aijing"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Yasen"},{"family":"Qiu","given":"Tenghui"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Peng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cnl2.70026","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnl2.70026","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410507130","type":"article-journal","title":"Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 to Metal Oxalates in Nonaqueous Solutions Using Trace Metal Pb on Carbon Supports Enhanced by a Tailored Microenvironment","abstract":"Abstract In this work, the electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to oxalate is enabled by incorporating trace metallic lead (Pb) on carbon‐based supports (CBS) with polymer overlayers. These composite materials serve as an efficient electrocatalytic system for the facile conversion and storage of CO 2 , a pernicious atmospheric pollutant. Results from controlled potential electrolysis experiments indicate that 1) trace metallic Pb on the ppb scale is active toward the reductive coupling of CO 2 to oxalate at comparable Faradaic efficiencies to bulk metallic Pb and 2) polymer encapsulation of this trace metallic Pb leads to promotion of CO 2 reduction (CO 2 R) selectively to metal oxalates over other products such as CO. Importantly, metal oxalates are important alternative cementitious materials and precursors for other materials’ synthesis applications. The solid products undergo rigorous spectroscopic characterization, including 13 CO 2 labeling experiments, to ensure the metal oxalates are in fact produced from CO 2 R. These findings serve as a model for leveraging microenvironment effects to enhance activity and selectivity for CO 2 R using trace‐metal catalysts for carbon utilization and storage technologies.","author":[{"family":"Brower","given":"Rowan"},{"family":"Bille","given":"Brian"},{"family":"Chiu","given":"Shawn"},{"family":"Perryman","given":"Joseph"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Libo"},{"family":"Agboola","given":"Faridat"},{"family":"Nagasaka","given":"Cocoro"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Yinuo"},{"family":"Gomezcaballero","given":"Richard"},{"family":"Kumari","given":"Ankita"},{"family":"Neumann","given":"Elizabeth"},{"family":"Alexandrova","given":"Anastassia"},{"family":"Mccrory","given":"Charles"},{"family":"Velázquez","given":"Jesús"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/aenm.202501286","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202501286","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412547242","type":"article-journal","title":"Synthesis and Application of Fluorescent Carbon Dots","abstract":"Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are emerging nanomaterials with exceptional optical properties, biocompatibility, and versatile applications in biomedical imaging, drug delivery, environmental sensing, and catalysis. CDs, characterized by their small size and unique fluorescence, can be synthesized using top-down or bottom-up approaches, offering control over their size, structure, and surface functionalization. Their ability to provide high-resolution imaging, targeted drug delivery, and efficient pollutant detection highlights their multifunctionality. Despite their vast potential, challenges such as scalability and reproducibility remain barriers to widespread application. activated carbon was chemically prepared using Peach crusts (agriculturalwaste) as renewable resource.The prepared activated carbon wasmodified by introducing two transition metal ions in its framework; Mn and Fe metal ions. This mini-review explores advancements in CDs synthesis methods and highlights their transformative role in nanotechnology, medicine, and environmental science. Unlike green diesel, biodiesel can only be used in diesel engines blended with diesel in order to avoid excessive build-up of carbon in diesel engines. Therefore, production of green fuel from catalytic cracking is getting more attention.","author":[{"family":"Sadeek","given":"Sadeek"},{"family":"Said","given":"Alaa"},{"family":"Ghobashy","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"El-Attar","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"El-Hamid","given":"Sherif"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.21608/bfszu.2025.360485.1485","URL":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfszu.2025.360485.1485","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411902878","type":"article-journal","title":"Energy Transition Framework for Nearly Zero-Energy Ports: HRES Planning, Storage Integration, and Implementation Roadmap","abstract":"Ports are vital nodes in global trade networks but are also significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Their transition toward sustainable, nearly zero-energy operations require comprehensive and structured strategies. This study proposes a practical and scalable framework to support the energy decarbonization of ports through the phased integration of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) and energy storage systems (ESS). Emphasizing a systems-level approach, the framework addresses key aspects such as energy demand assessment, resource potential evaluation, HRES configuration, and ESS sizing, while incorporating load characterization protocols and decision-making thresholds for technology deployment. Special consideration is given to economic performance, particularly the minimization of the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), alongside efforts to meet energy autonomy and operational resilience targets. In parallel, the framework integrates digital tools, including smart grid infrastructure and digital shadow technologies, to enable real-time system monitoring, simulation, and long-term optimization. It also embeds mechanisms for regulatory compliance and continuous adaptation to evolving standards. To validate its applicability, the framework is demonstrated using a representative case study based on a generic port profile. The example illustrates the transition process from conventional energy models to a sustainable port ecosystem, confirming the framework’s potential as a decision-making tool for port authorities, engineers, and policymakers aiming to achieve effective, compliant, and future-proof energy transitions in maritime infrastructure.","author":[{"family":"Cholidis","given":"Dimitrios"},{"family":"Sifakis","given":"N"},{"family":"Chachalis","given":"Alexandros"},{"family":"Savvakis","given":"Nikolaos"},{"family":"Arampatzis","given":"George"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17135971","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135971","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7116764522","type":"article-journal","title":"Metal-organic framework modified carbon nanotubes for hydrogen production from formic acid with carbon dioxide capture and conversion","abstract":"The increasing demand for sustainable energy and the need to reduce carbon emissions have driven research into advanced materials for hydrogen production and CO₂ capture. This study presents a novel copper-based metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) integrated with Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a photocatalyst for hydrogen (H₂) generation and carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture. The composite's structural, thermal, and morphological properties were analyzed using FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM/EDS. Photocatalytic performance was evaluated using formic acid, yielding 11 mmol/g of gas with 75% H₂ purity, confirmed by gas chromatography. Post-reaction analysis revealed CO₂ capture and reversible photoelectrocatalytic behavior. The composite shows promise for scalable, sustainable hydrogen production using recyclable materials.","author":[{"family":"Thole","given":"Dina"},{"family":"Modibane","given":"Kwena"},{"family":"Mhlaba","given":"Reineck"},{"family":"Balogun","given":"Sheriff"},{"family":"Botha","given":"Ebrahiem"},{"family":"Musyoka","given":"Nicholas"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-23255-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-23255-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416138407","type":"article-journal","title":"Blue Carbon Investment Potential in Lamu and Kwale Counties of Kenya: Carbon Inventory and Market Prospects","abstract":"Blue carbon ecosystems, particularly mangroves, seagrasses, and salt marshes, play a crucial role in climate regulation by capturing and storing huge stocks of carbon. Together with supporting fisheries production, protecting shorelines from erosion, and supplying timber and non-timber products to communities, blue carbon ecosystems offer investment opportunities through carbon markets, thus supporting climate change mitigation and sustainable livelihoods. The current study assessed above- and below-ground biomass, sediment carbon, and the capacity of the blue carbon ecosystems in Kwale and Lamu Counties, Kenya, to capture and store carbon. This was followed by mapping of hotspot areas of degradation and the identification of investment opportunities in blue carbon credits. Carbon densities in mangroves were estimated at 560.23 Mg C ha−1 in Lamu and 526.34 Mg C ha−1 in Kwale, with sediments accounting for more than 70% of the stored carbon. In seagrass ecosystems, carbon densities measured 171.65 Mg C ha−1 in Lamu and 220.29 Mg C ha−1 in Kwale, values that surpass the national average but are consistent with global figures. Mangrove cover is declining at 0.49% yr−1 in Kwale and 0.16% yr−1 in Lamu, while seagrass losses in Lamu are 0.67% yr−1, with a 0.34% yr−1 increase in Kwale. Under a business-as-usual scenario, mangrove loss over 30 years will result in emissions of 4.43 million tCO2e in Kwale and 18.96 million tCO2e in Lamu. Effective interventions could enhance carbon sequestration from 0.12 to 3.86 million tCO2e in Kwale and 0.62 to 19.52 million tCO2e in Lamu. At the same period, seagrass losses in Lamu would emit 5.21 million tCO2e. With a conservative carbon price of 20 USD per tCO2e, projected annual revenues from mangrove carbon credits amount to USD 3.59 million in both Lamu and Kwale, and USD 216,040 for seagrass carbon credits in Lamu. These findings highlight the substantial climate and financial benefits of investing in the restoration and protection of the two ecosystems.","author":[{"family":"Kairo","given":"James"},{"family":"Mbatha","given":"Anthony"},{"family":"Wanyoike","given":"Gabriel"},{"family":"Mungai","given":"Fredrick"},{"family":"Githinji","given":"Brian"},{"family":"Langat","given":"Joseph"},{"family":"Kinya","given":"Gladys"},{"family":"Kosgei","given":"Geoffrey"},{"family":"Mary","given":"Kisilu"},{"family":"Omingo","given":"Lisa"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/f16111717","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f16111717","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415897556","type":"article-journal","title":"AI-driven echelon utilization of retired electric vehicle batteries and their life cycle carbon mitigation potential","abstract":"Abstract The rapid retirement of electric vehicle (EV) batteries presents both a challenge of resource management and an opportunity for carbon mitigation. An Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven framework is introduced that couples high-accuracy capacity forecasting with a dynamic life cycle carbon model (LCCO 2 ), enabling intelligent end-of-life decision-making and large-scale repurposing. Analysis of real-world field data from commercial EVs shows that data-driven retirement strategies extend battery service life beyond conventional fixed thresholds, increase usable energy output, and improve classification accuracy of safety margins. Integration into the LCCO 2 model indicates reductions of 14.3% in average life cycle carbon intensity, alongside substantial per-battery CO 2 savings, without compromising operational safety. At scale, projections suggest that second-life deployment of retired EV batteries could deliver tens of tens of millions of metric tons of CO 2 mitigated annually in China and the European Union by mid-century, thereby contributing directly to both regions’ carbon neutrality pathways. These findings highlight a scalable strategy that unites predictive modelling with carbon accounting, advancing the circular economy of EV batteries. Graphical Abstract","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Qichen"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Tian"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Yilin"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Liangchao"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Tianle"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Nan"},{"family":"Yue","given":"Ye"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Yachen"},{"family":"Lüddeke","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Ruoxi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44438-025-00017-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44438-025-00017-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410595203","type":"article-journal","title":"Soft computing optimization of a renewable energy-integrated multigeneration system with liquid air energy storage","abstract":"The presented study provides the results of a comprehensive assessment of a multigeneration system integrating renewable energy with liquid air energy storage systems , through exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental evaluations. Applying soft-computing techniques for optimization powered by artificial neural networks , the research aims to improve the introduced configuration's efficiency, economic feasibility , and environmental sustainability . The system aims to generate power, desalinated water, heating/cooling loads, and other products to leverage the synergies between renewable energy contributions and the advanced Liquid air energy storage (LAES) for energy storage. From the exergoenvironmental evaluation, the sustainability index for energy storage facilities, desalination systems , and multigeneration systems is 1.92, 1.43, and 1.88, respectively. The obtained outcomes from the technical analysis indicate that the exergetic term of the round-trip efficiency and exergy destruction are 61.11 % and 15.59 MW, respectively. The optimized values for the levelized costs of hydrogen and water from exergoeconomic analysis are 1.52 and 5.22. The obtained findings from the optimization process revealed that the produced hydrogen and freshwater can exceed 6.49 × 10 7 m 3 and 7.59 × 10 4 m 3 per year. Besides, the optimum working condition pushes the system toward 74.75 % exergetic round-trip efficiency and a 0.48 US$/kWh levelized cost of production.","author":[{"family":"Esmaeilion","given":"Farbod"},{"family":"Soltani","given":"M"},{"family":"Lunatriguero","given":"Azahara"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117140","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.117140","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417466634","type":"article-journal","title":"Research on Direct Air Capture: A Review","abstract":"Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology plays a crucial role in reducing atmospheric CO2, but large-scale deployment faces challenges such as high energy consumption, operational costs, and slow material development. This study provides a comprehensive review of DAC principles, including chemical and solid adsorption methods, with a focus on emerging technologies like Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and graphene aerogels. MOFs have achieved adsorption capacities up to 1.5 mmol/g, while modified graphene aerogels reach 1.3 mmol/g. Other advancing approaches include DAC with Methanation (DACM), variable-humidity adsorption, photo-induced swing adsorption, and biosorption. The study also examines global industrialization trends, noting a significant rise in DAC projects since 2020, particularly in the U.S., China, and Europe. The integration of DAC with renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic/electrochemical regeneration, offers significant cost-reduction potential and can cut reliance on conventional heat by 30%. This study focuses on the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for accelerating material design and system optimization. AI and Machine Learning (ML) are accelerating DAC R&D: high-throughput screening shortens material design cycles by 60%, while AI-driven control systems optimize temperature, humidity, and adsorption dynamics in real time, improving CO2 capture efficiency by 15–20%. The study emphasizes DAC’s future role in achieving carbon neutrality through enhanced material efficiency, integration with renewable energy, and expanded CO2 utilization pathways, providing a roadmap for scaling DAC technology in the coming years.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Yiqing"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Bowen"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jin"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Hongyang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18246632","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246632","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407096246","type":"article-journal","title":"Adoption of improved crop varieties limited biodiversity losses, terrestrial carbon emissions, and cropland expansion in the tropics","abstract":"Research investments in crop improvements, including by national and international agricultural research centers, have made significant contributions to raising yields of staple food crops in developing countries. Although mostly intended to improve food security and rural incomes, innovations in crop production also have major implications for the environment. Building on the latest productivity estimates from historical crop improvements in developing countries and using a gridded (0.25 degrees) equilibrium model of global agriculture, we assess the impacts of improved crop varieties on cropland use, threatened biodiversity, and terrestrial carbon stocks over 1961–2015. We replicate a historical baseline and produce a counterfactual scenario which shows the impact of omitting productivity improvements from these technologies. The results show that higher crop productivity generally lowered commodity prices, which reduced incentives to expand cropland except in those areas where productivity gains outweighed price declines. The net global effect of technology adoption was to limit conversion of natural habitat to agricultural use, although it did cause cropland to expand in some areas. We estimate that adoption of improved crop varieties in developing countries saved on net 16.03 [95% CI, 12.33 to 20.89] million hectares worldwide. With more natural habitat preserved, around 1,043 [95% CI, 616 to 1,503] threatened animal and plant species extinctions were avoided over this period. In addition, net land use savings from the improved crop varieties resulted in avoided terrestrial greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of around 5.35 [95% CI, 3.75 to 7.22] billion metric tons CO 2 equivalent retained in terrestrial carbon stocks.","author":[{"family":"Baldos","given":"Uris"},{"family":"Cisneros-Pineda","given":"Alfredo"},{"family":"Fuglie","given":"Keith"},{"family":"Hertel","given":"Thomas"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1073/pnas.2404839122","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2404839122","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407042007","type":"article-journal","title":"Facing the “Cutting Edge:” Edge Site Engineering on 2D Materials for Electrocatalysis and Photocatalysis","abstract":"Abstract The utilization of 2D materials as catalysts has garnered significant attention in recent years, primarily due to their exceptional features including high surface area, abundant exposed active sites, and tunable physicochemical properties. The unique geometry of 2D materials imparts them with versatile active sites for catalysis, including basal plane, interlayer, defect, and edge sites. Among these, edge sites hold particular significance as they not only enable the activation of inert 2D catalysts but also serve as platforms for engineering active sites to achieve enhanced catalytic performance. Here it is comprehensively aimed to summarize the state‐of‐the‐art advancements in the utilization of edge sites on 2D materials for electrocatalysis and photocatalysis, with applications ranging from water splitting, oxygen reduction, and nitrogen reduction to CO2 reduction. Additionally, various approaches for harnessing and modifying edge sites are summarized and discussed. Here guidelines for the rational engineering of 2D materials for heterogeneous catalysis are provided.","author":[{"family":"Ying","given":"Yiran"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Ke"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Zezhou"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Haitao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.202418757","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202418757","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410816556","type":"article-journal","title":"A Sustainable Production Inventory Model for Power-Pattern Demand with Carbon Emissions and Shelf Life Considerations","abstract":"Growing environmental concerns, especially those related to carbon emissions from production and supply chain activities, have highlighted the need for sustainable practices. Implementing policies that incentivize low-carbon operations is crucial. To foster sustainable development, implementing penalties for high-emission commercial activities is crucial. This study investigates a sustainable production-inventory system for a product with a power-pattern demand, considering limited shelf life and gradual deterioration. The analysis integrates carbon emissions from stockholding, transportation, and deterioration, along with the impact of shortages on total costs. Two distinct scenarios are examined: Case I (without deterioration) and Case II (with deterioration). Each case is further divided into two models: one allowing shortages and the other prohibiting them. The primary objective is to determine an optimal production-inventory policy that maximizes profit per unit time while accounting for carbon emission taxes related to transportation, storage, and deterioration. Numerical results demonstrate that the total cost in Case I (without deterioration) is significantly lower than in Case II (with deterioration), with reductions of $$24.89\\%$$ and $$22.02\\%$$ , respectively. These findings underscore the financial implications of deterioration and shortages on sustainable inventory management. The proposed model offers valuable insights for decision-makers seeking to optimize production cycles, manage carbon footprints, and develop sustainable supply chain policies.","author":[{"family":"Suvetha","given":"R"},{"family":"Rangarajan","given":"K"},{"family":"Dey","given":"Bikash"},{"family":"Alrasheedi","given":"Adel"},{"family":"Ivković","given":"Nikola"},{"family":"Jana","given":"Chiranjibe"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44196-025-00861-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-025-00861-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415106870","type":"article-journal","title":"Emerging green steel markets surrounding the EU emissions trading system and carbon border adjustment mechanism","abstract":"emissions and requires deep decarbonisation for achieving the targets set in the Paris Agreement. However, no low-emission primary steel production technology has yet been commercially feasible or deployed. Through analysing revisions and additions of European Union climate policy, we show that green hydrogen-based steelmaking in competitive locations achieves cost-competitiveness on the European market starting 2026. If the deployment of competitive low-emission steelmaking is insufficient, we show that the European steel industry loses competitiveness vis-à-vis countries with access to low-cost renewable energy. Therefore, we assess the options for the European steel industry to relocate the energy-intensive ironmaking step and trade Hot Briquetted Iron for rapid deep decarbonisation of the European steel industry. Lastly, we discuss complementing policy options to enhance the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism's strategic value through European Union-lead global climate cooperation and the possibility of sparking an international decarbonisation race.","author":[{"family":"Johnson","given":"Constantin"},{"family":"Åhman","given":"Max"},{"family":"Nilsson","given":"Lars"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhenxi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-64440-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64440-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414543494","type":"article-journal","title":"Biomass nanoarchitectonics of hierarchically porous activated carbon prepared from palm waste fibers for high-performance supercapacitor","abstract":"The activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were synthesized from Palm waste fibers using a 15 w/v% KOH solution and activated at two temperatures: 500 °C and 800 °C under vacuum conditions. Structural analysis using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the formation of carbon structures with integrated K⁺ ions (ACK). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that carbon fibers activated at 800 °C exhibit a hierarchically porous morphology. For these activated carbon fibers, the pore size increased to approximately 134 nm, and the total pore volume reached 0.981 cm³/g. Electrical conductivity measurements showed that ACK800 has a high conductivity of 0.64 S/cm, attributed to the enhanced transport of charge carriers across the well-developed porous surface. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve of ACK800 displayed a significant current response and the largest enclosed area among the tested samples, indicating higher capacitance than both CF and ACK500. The specific capacitance of ACK800 was measured at 223.4, 168.5, 138.5, 142.2, and 141.1 F/g at current densities of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 A/g, respectively. As the current density increased from 1.0 A/g to 10 A/g, the capacitance retention remained high at 97.2%, with minimal capacity loss. Additionally, ACK800 retained 95.68% of its initial discharge capacity. The coulombic efficiency of the ACK800 electrodes was approximately 97.2%, indicating excellent reversibility and stable electrochemical behavior during the galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) tests. The well-developed surface morphology of the activated carbon fibers highlights their potential as a sustainable material for environmental remediation and energy storage applications.","author":[{"family":"Alghamdi","given":"SA"},{"family":"Badi","given":"Nacer"},{"family":"Ignatiev","given":"A"},{"family":"Alaoh","given":"Hatem"},{"family":"Alzahrani","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Alkathiri","given":"Turki"},{"family":"Alkatheri","given":"Ahmed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-18633-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-18633-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412428793","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon-Aware, Energy-Efficient, and SLA-Compliant Virtual Machine Placement in Cloud Data Centers Using Deep Q-Networks and Agglomerative Clustering","abstract":"The fast expansion of cloud computing has raised carbon emissions and energy usage in cloud data centers, so creative solutions for sustainable resource management are more necessary. This work presents a new algorithm—Carbon-Aware, Energy-Efficient, and SLA-Compliant Virtual Machine Placement using Deep Q-Networks (DQNs) and Agglomerative Clustering (CARBON-DQN)—that intelligibly balances environmental sustainability, service level agreement (SLA), and energy efficiency. The method combines a deep reinforcement learning model that learns optimum placement methods over time, carbon-aware data center profiling, and the hierarchical clustering of virtual machines (VMs) depending on resource constraints. Extensive simulations show that CARBON-DQN beats conventional and state-of-the-art algorithms like GRVMP, NSGA-II, RLVMP, GMPR, and MORLVMP very dramatically. Among many virtual machine configurations—including micro, small, high-CPU, and extra-large instances—it delivers the lowest carbon emissions, lowered SLA violations, and lowest energy usage. Driven by real-time input, the adaptive decision-making capacity of the algorithm allows it to dynamically react to changing data center circumstances and workloads. These findings highlight how well CARBON-DQN is a sustainable and intelligent virtual machine deployment system for cloud systems. To improve scalability, environmental effect, and practical applicability even further, future work will investigate the integration of renewable energy forecasts, dynamic pricing models, and deployment across multi-cloud and edge computing environments.","author":[{"family":"Alex","given":"Maraga"},{"family":"Ojo","given":"Sunday"},{"family":"Awuor","given":"Fredrick"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/computers14070280","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14070280","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407751043","type":"article-journal","title":"Challenges and Opportunities for Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) in EU Energy Transition Efforts—An Overview","abstract":"Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) systems are a promising solution for sustainable energy storage, leveraging underground aquifers to store and retrieve thermal energy for heating and cooling. As the global energy sector faces rising energy demands, climate change, and the depletion of fossil fuels, transitioning to renewable energy sources is imperative. ATES systems contribute to these efforts by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improving energy efficiency. This review uses the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) methodology as a systematic approach to collect and analyze relevant literature. It highlights trends, gaps, and advancements in ATES systems, focusing on simulation methods, environmental impacts, and economic feasibility. Tools like MODFLOW, FEFLOW, and COMSOL Multiphysics are emphasized for optimizing design and system performance. Europe is identified as a continent with the most favorable predispositions for ATES implementation due to its diverse and abundant aquifer systems, strong policy frameworks supporting renewable energy, and advancements in subsurface energy technologies.","author":[{"family":"Marojević","given":"Katarina"},{"family":"Kurevija","given":"Tomislav"},{"family":"Macenić","given":"Marija"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18041001","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18041001","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130660155","type":"article-journal","title":"DFT-Based Study of CO2 Adsorption Mechanism on Carbon Materials","abstract":"Carbon-based material adsorption is one of the research hotspots in the Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) field, and its surface functional groups have a significant impact on CO2 adsorption performance. This study uses Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods to explore the adsorption mechanism of CO2 on the surface of carbon-based materials by examining changes in parameters such as adsorption energy before and after the reaction process. It also studies the influence of different functional groups on the surface of carbon-based materials on CO2 adsorption performance. Research shows that under different doping conditions, the adsorption energy of CO2 on carbon-based materials can be roughly divided into three levels: when both C=C and C=O double bonds are formed, the adsorption energy reaches the highest level; the structure with the C–N single bond accompanied by the C=O double bond reduces the adsorption energy by one level; and when only C=C double bonds exist, the adsorption energy is at the lowest level. Meanwhile, the incorporation of functional groups such as N, NH+ and O2 will reduce the adsorption energy of carbon-based materials for CO2 to varying degrees. Notably, N and NH+ modification not only introduces new nitrogen active sites but also optimizes material performance while maintaining a relatively high adsorption capacity, thus demonstrating good modification potential.","author":[{"family":"Wan","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xupeng"},{"family":"Miao","given":"Fengqiang"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Dongdong"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Xinyu"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Jingjie"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Siyi"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Feng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/app16042083","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app16042083","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410707200","type":"article-journal","title":"Tracking life and death of carbon nitride supports in platinum-catalyzed vinyl chloride synthesis","abstract":"Abstract Deactivation of metal-based catalysts for vinyl chloride synthesis via acetylene hydrochlorination is often dictated by indispensable, catalytically-active carbon supports, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Carbon nitrides offer an attractive platform for studying them thanks to ordered structure and high N-content, which facilitates coking. Herein, we monitor the life and death of carbon nitride supports for Pt single atoms in acetylene hydrochlorination, demonstrating that specific N-functionalities and their restructuring cause distinct deactivation mechanisms. Varying polymerization and exfoliation degrees in pristine carbon nitrides (i.e., −NH x termination and N-vacancy concentrations), we establish graphitic and pyridinic N-atoms as C2H2 adsorption sites and pyridinic N-vacancies as coking sites through kinetic and spectroscopic analyses. Uniquely suited for probing point defects, operando electron paramagnetic spectroscopy, coupled to simulations, reveals that HCl drives depolymerization, by protonating heptazine-linking graphitic N-atoms, and generates graphitic N-vacancies, forming NH3. These reduce C2H2 adsorption and promote radical polymerization into coke, respectively, without altering Pt atoms. Design guidelines to mitigate deactivation are discussed, highlighting the importance of tracking active functionalities in carbons.","author":[{"family":"Giulimondi","given":"Vera"},{"family":"Agrachev","given":"Mikhail"},{"family":"Kuzin","given":"Sergei"},{"family":"González-Acosta","given":"José"},{"family":"Ruizferrando","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Krumeich","given":"Frank"},{"family":"Bondino","given":"Federica"},{"family":"Chiang","given":"Y"},{"family":"Vanni","given":"Matteo"},{"family":"Jeschke","given":"Gunnar"},{"family":"López","given":"Núria"},{"family":"Pérezramírez","given":"Javier"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-60169-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60169-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411616589","type":"article-journal","title":"Digital and Green Synergies: How Malaysia is Cutting Carbon Emissions through Supply Chain Innovation, Renewable Energy and Upcycling?","abstract":"This paper aims to analyze the influence of the digital economy, green supply chain management, renewable energy consumption, and upcycling on carbon emissions in Malaysia. These are crucial objectives as the country strives to achieve economic development without compromising the environment, given that the two are in an unending conflict in society. Thus, the study’s objective is to examine the role of digitalization, renewable energy use, green supply chain management and upcycling in carbon emissions in Malaysia. It aims to establish whether these factors are statistically significant and offer policy implications for projecting their efficiency gains. Therefore, a quantitative method, using the employed pooled ordinary least squares (POLS) regression analysis, was used to test the correlation between key variables of sustainability and carbon emissions for the period of 2014-2024. The Durbin-Watson test and the VIF analysis were also carried out to test the model that was used to diagnose the independent variables. The outcome reveals that increasing the digital economy’s scale and renewable energy consumption reduces carbon emissions. As for the green supply chain management and upcycling practices, there is no significant correlation between them, which can be attributed to the fact that the implementation of such practices has not reached maturity. Some barriers include lack of infrastructure, policies and inadequate funding that may seasonally limit their maximum capacity. The study implies that digitalization and renewable energy, which mitigate carbon emission practices, work well. In contrast, green supply chain management and upcycling need more policy encouragement and well-developed infrastructure. For Malaysia to achieve its long-term reduction targets, it is necessary to have better policies that cover sustainability laws in industries, provide incentives for green technology and invest in upcycling industries.","author":[{"family":"Sibghatullah","given":"Amena"},{"family":"Sohail","given":"Mariam"},{"family":"Abdullah","given":"Firdaus"},{"family":"Main","given":"Masturah"},{"family":"Rakhimova","given":"Mohinur"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.32479/ijeep.19437","URL":"https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.19437","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412146682","type":"article-journal","title":"Capillary‐Driven Transport and Precipitation of Salt in Heterogeneous Structures During Carbon Sequestration","abstract":"Abstract In the Aquistore deep saline CO 2 storage project, researchers observed that most of the salt distribution is associated with perforations in a zone with low injectivity. However, the impact of salt precipitation in heterogeneous porous media has not been fully clarified. In this paper, we conducted laboratory experiments on subsurface cores from the Aquistore project to investigate the influence of heterogeneous porous structures with varying permeabilities on salt precipitation. The results show that due to capillary‐driven transport, salt precipitation primarily occurs at the front end of low‐permeability structures and within high‐permeability structures, consistent with observations in the Aquistore injector. We first found that salt precipitation within fracture led to self‐sealing of fracture. When CO 2 was injected into a core containing horizontal fracture at a low flow rate, fracture closure was more likely to occur. Intermittent injection of low‐concentration brine was found to alleviate salt precipitation.","author":[{"family":"Ji","given":"Tiancheng"},{"family":"Haghi","given":"Amir"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Peixue"},{"family":"Chalaturnyk","given":"Rick"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Ruina"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2024gl114388","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl114388","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413744256","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Nanotube/Polyamic Acid Bilayer‐Supported Composite Phase‐Change Materials With Integrated Insulation and Thermal Conductivity Functions","abstract":"ABSTRACT Carbon aerogel supported phase change materials (PCMs) can confer multifunctional properties to ordinary PCMs and meet specific requirements in extreme environments. In this study, composite phase change materials (CPCMs) with integrated insulation and thermal conductivity functions were successfully developed through the physical integration of a thermal insulation layer and a thermal conductivity layer. The structurally stable carbonized polyimide (C‐PI)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aerogel acts as the thermal conductivity layer substrate. The aerogel obtained from a polyamic acid salt (PAS) composite with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was used for the thermal insulation layer. Then, polyethylene glycol was vacuum‐impregnated into the integrated aerogel to prepare CPCMs with integrated insulation, thermal conductivity, and thermal energy storage functions. When the mass ratio of CNTs to PAS was 2, the enthalpy reaches 160.3 J/g and the PEG loading reaches 95.56%. Moreover, the presence of CNTs increased the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive layer to 0.433 W/m K. In addition, the bilayer CPCMs can conduct heat quickly and also have a good thermal insulation effect. The all‐in‐one material achieves a perfect combination of dual functions and provides a new solution for thermal management of power devices. Furthermore, the bilayer CPCMs also have great application potential in the field of infrared stealth.","author":[{"family":"Tian","given":"Yingying"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Nannan"},{"family":"Tao","given":"Zui"},{"family":"Tong","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Tiantian"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Xiubing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cnl2.70040","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnl2.70040","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407233613","type":"article-journal","title":"High‐Density Accessible Iron Single‐Atom Catalyst for Durable and Temperature‐Adaptive Laminated Zinc‐Air Batteries","abstract":"Abstract Designing single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with high density of accessible sites by improving metal loading and sites utilization is a promising strategy to boost the catalytic activity, but remains challenging. Herein, a high site density (SD) iron SAC (D‐Fe‐N/C) with 11.8 wt.% Fe‐loading is reported. The in situ scanning electrochemical microscopy technique attests that the accessible active SD and site utilization of D‐Fe‐N/C reach as high as 1.01 × 1021 site g−1 and 79.8%, respectively. Therefore, D‐Fe‐N/C demonstrates superior oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity in terms of a half‐wave potential of 0.918 V and turnover frequency of 0.41 e site−1 s−1. The excellent ORR property of D‐Fe‐N/C is also demonstrated in the liquid zinc‐air batteries (ZABs), which exhibit a high peak power density of 306.1 mW cm−2 and an ultra‐long cycling stability over 1200 h. Moreover, solid‐state laminated ZABs prepared by presetting an air flow layer show a high specific capacity of 818.8 mA h g−1, an excellent cycling stability of 520 h, and a wide temperature‐adaptive from −40 to 60 °C. This work not only offers possibilities by improving metal‐loading and catalytic site utilization for exploring efficient SACs, but also provides strategies for device structure design toward advanced ZABs.","author":[{"family":"Lan","given":"Liansheng"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Yonggan"},{"family":"Pei","given":"Yangfan"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Yuanhao"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Ting"},{"family":"Lützenkirchenhecht","given":"Dirk"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yiwang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.202417711","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202417711","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415648488","type":"article-journal","title":"A scoping review exploring carbon emissions in dentistry—a step towards sustainability","abstract":"BACKGROUND: In the context of advancing sustainability in healthcare, in alignment with Sustainable Development Goal 13 on Climate Action, there is a necessity to enhance our understanding of the carbon footprint associated with dental services to establish an environmentally conscious system. This insight could help devise strategies for policymakers, oral health practitioners, and researchers to establish more sustainable dental practices. Therefore, the present scoping review was conducted to analyse the current body of literature exploring carbon emissions generated from dental health care services with the aim of promoting sustainable dental practices. METHODS: This scoping review was conducted in line with Arksey and O'Malley's Framework and was reported using the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A systematic database search was conducted across four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE, to collect original research published in English up to June 2024, focusing on carbon emissions in dentistry. Review articles, letters to editors, and editorials were excluded. Selected articles underwent critical appraisal using Crowe's Critical Appraisal Tool, followed by data charting and thematic analysis using Atlas.ti for Mac version 24.1.0. RESULTS: A total of 15 articles were included in this review based on the eligibility criteria. The qualitative thematic analysis of these articles revealed four main themes: sources of carbon emissions, strategies to promote sustainable dental practices, challenges for sustainability, and future research areas. CONCLUSIONS: The review provides a comprehensive understanding of the various sources of carbon emissions associated with dental practices along with the challenges faced towards sustainable clinical practices. The key themes were explored across four hierarchical levels: structural, dental practice, dental practitioner, and method or product. The findings further guided us toward potential strategies for integrating sustainability into dental care, including stakeholder collaboration, policy reform, management practices, infrastructural improvements, and the adoption of environmentally-friendly materials. Additionally, the review highlights the need for future research to explore sustainable alternatives, conduct life cycle impact assessments, and undertake more qualitative studies to inform best practices.","author":[{"family":"Chalotra","given":"Rakshita"},{"family":"Shenoy","given":"Ramya"},{"family":"Bajaj","given":"Parul"},{"family":"Rao","given":"Ashwini"},{"family":"Pai","given":"Mithun"},{"family":"Jodalli","given":"Praveen"},{"family":"Br","given":"Avinash"},{"family":"Priya","given":"Harsh"},{"family":"Dsouza","given":"Violet"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12903-025-06952-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06952-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118118717","type":"article-journal","title":"Microwave-assisted pyrolysis for advanced sustainable carbon materials","abstract":"Driven by global carbon neutrality goals and resource cycling demands, sustainable carbon materials have emerged as strategic solutions for addressing environmental and energy crises, owing to their broad raw material sources (including biomass, municipal solid waste, and industrial exhaust gases), and multifunctional properties (such as energy storage, environmental remediation, and microwave absorption). This review systematically compares the performance differences between conventional pyrolysis (CP), and microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) technologies in producing carbon materials of varying dimensions, revealing that MAP significantly enhances material performance and process efficiency through its volumetric heating mechanism (eliminating temperature gradients), low thermal mass characteristics (response time of less than 3 min), and energy-selective transfer (activation energy reduction of 40–150 kJ/mol). Research demonstrates that: in the 1D material domain, MAP-synthesized carbon nanofibers reduce reaction time from hours to minutes, compared to traditional chemical vapor deposition, while significantly lowering energy consumption; for 2D graphene, microwave reduction of graphene oxide elevates electrical conductivity from 0.07 to 104 S/m within 2 s, whereas conventional thermal reduction requires temperatures exceeding 800 °C under inert atmospheres and yields products with resistivity as high as 796 μΩ/cm2. In the 3D porous carbon field, MAP exhibits exceptional structural control capabilities: biochar prepared via 15-min MAP achieves a specific surface area of 455.9 m2/g, far exceeding the 288.60 m2/g of biochar from CP after 120 min; for electromagnetic wave absorption applications, MAP-derived tremella-carbon (a fungus) achieves breakthrough performance with a minimum reflection loss RLmin = –77.9 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth EAB = 8.5 GHz. Despite MAP's significant advantages in energy consumption (energy recovery efficiency reaching 97.96%), processing efficiency (heating rate exceeding 100 °C/min), and product performance, its industrialization still faces challenges in equipment costs and scaled reactor design. Future efforts must integrate hydrothermal pretreatment with AI-driven parameter optimization to develop mesopore-oriented processes, thereby advancing this technology in energy storage (target specific capacitance > 500 F/g) and electromagnetic protection (target EAB > 8 GHz) applications.","author":[{"family":"Qiu","given":"Tianhao"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Kaihan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Chaoyue"},{"family":"Ahmad","given":"Faizan"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Wenke"},{"family":"Arıcı","given":"Müslüm"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yaning"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.48130/scm-0025-0011","URL":"https://doi.org/10.48130/scm-0025-0011","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406088911","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-Temperature Carbonization of Phosphorus-Doped Nanocellulose for Carbon Nanofiber Film Fabrication","abstract":"Abstract Nanocellulose extracted from agro-waste rice straw has been utilized to fabricate carbon nanofiber films. The nanocellulose-based films were drop-casted and underwent a two-step thermal treatment: stabilization at 180°C in air and carbonization at 700°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Phosphoric acid (PA) was incorporated into the nanocellulose solution, resulting in a 17% reduction in stabilization activation energy and a 20% increase in carbonization yield. Additionally, PA facilitated phosphorus doping, leading to a phosphorus concentration of up to 5%, and enhanced the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area from 223 m2 g−1 to 334 m2 g−1. Structural analysis via XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and TEM confirmed the formation of a turbostratic graphitic structure in the PA-doped carbon nanofiber films. This increased surface area and graphitic structure make the films highly promising for diverse applications, including flame-retardant coatings, sensors, energy storage devices, and biomedical uses.","author":[{"family":"Suman"},{"family":"Borkar","given":"Tushar"},{"family":"Bajaj","given":"Bharat"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s11837-024-07098-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-024-07098-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411557469","type":"article-journal","title":"A Whole-Life Carbon Assessment of a Single-Family House in North India Using BIM-LCA Integration","abstract":"As the population increases, the growing demand for residential housing escalates construction activities, significantly impacting global warming by contributing 42% of primary energy use and 39% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study addresses a gap in research on lifecycle assessment (LCA) for Indian residential buildings by evaluating the full cradle-to-grave carbon footprint of a typical single-family house in Northern India. A BIM-based LCA framework was applied to a 110 m2 single-family dwelling over a 60-year life span. Operational use performance and climate analysis was evaluated via cove tool. The total carbon footprint over a 60-year lifespan was approximately 5884 kg CO2e, with operational energy use accounting for about 87% and embodied carbon approximately 11%. Additional impacts came from maintenance and replacements. Energy usage was calculated as 71.76 kWh/m2/year and water usage as 232.2 m3/year. Energy consumption was the biggest driver of emissions, but substantial impacts also stemmed from material production. Cement-based components and steel were the largest embodied carbon contributors. Under the business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, the operational emissions reach approximately 668,000 kg CO2e with HVAC and 482,000 kg CO2e without HVAC. The findings highlight the necessity of integrating embodied carbon considerations alongside operational energy efficiency in India’s building codes, emphasizing reductions in energy consumption and the adoption of low-carbon materials to mitigate the environmental impact of residential buildings. Future work should focus on the dynamic modeling of electricity decarbonization, improved regional datasets, and scenario-based LCA to better support India’s transition to net-zero emissions by 2070.","author":[{"family":"Kumar","given":"Deepak"},{"family":"Maurya","given":"Kranti"},{"family":"Mandal","given":"Shailendra"},{"family":"Halder","given":"Nandini"},{"family":"Mir","given":"Basit"},{"family":"Nurdiawati","given":"Anissa"},{"family":"Alghamdi","given":"Sami"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15132195","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15132195","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411570432","type":"article-journal","title":"Porous‐Based Materials for High Power Density Thermal Energy Storage and Flexible Conversion: A Comprehensive Review","abstract":"Addressing the thermal challenges inherent in energy storage and conversion-driven by the demand for high energy and power density-is crucial for advancing carbon neutrality. Porous materials, characterized by their high surface area, tunable porosity, and nanometer-scale porous structure, offer exceptional performance due to their structural adaptability. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the key methods for synthesizing and fabricating these materials, as well as the mechanisms underlying controllable thermal behavior. The review further explores their diverse applications in thermal energy storage (TES), with a focus on phase change material encapsulation and the stabilization of thermochemical reactions. Additionally, it introduces innovative decarbonization strategies, framed within traditional thermal energy conversion pathways. Finally, the challenges faced by porous materials used for TES and conversion in terms of preparation, application, and cost across multiple scales, providing references for the development of high-performance porous materials in the future are summarized.","author":[{"family":"Yao","given":"Zhihan"},{"family":"Ge","given":"Zhiwei"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Haocheng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Liang"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Xipeng"},{"family":"Bai","given":"Yakai"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Shuang"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Haisheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smll.202504953","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504953","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413507047","type":"article-journal","title":"Methodology and technical input for the 2025 U.S. List of Critical Minerals—Assessing the potential effects of mineral commodity supply chain disruptions on the U.S. economy","abstract":"To quantify the risks associated with potential disruptions and to recommend mineral commodities for inclusion on the updated U.S. List of Critical Minerals, as required by the Energy Act of 2020, the U.S. Geological Survey developed an economic model to estimate the potential effects of foreign trade disruptions of mineral commodities on the U.S. economy.The results of the study recommend the addition of six mineral commodities (in descending risk order, potash, silicon, copper, silver, rhenium, and lead) to and the removal of two mineral commodities (arsenic and tellurium) from the List of Critical Minerals.The analysis also provides a prioritization based on the results.The economic model has several advantages over previous assessments including the ability to directly compare the results against other economic risks and the costs of initiatives aimed at reducing the risks.","author":[{"family":"Nassar","given":"Nedal"},{"family":"Pineault","given":"David"},{"family":"Allen","given":"Sydney"},{"family":"Mccaffrey","given":"Dalton"},{"family":"Padilla","given":"Abraham"},{"family":"Brainard","given":"Jamie"},{"family":"Bayani","given":"Mani"},{"family":"Shojaeddini","given":"Ensieh"},{"family":"Ryter","given":"John"},{"family":"Lincoln","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Alonso","given":"Elisa"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3133/ofr20251047","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251047","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409645999","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimal Utilization of Port Free-of-Charge Storage for Non-Instantaneously Deteriorating Items with Time-Varying Order Quantity Dependent Demand with Green Technology Investment during Transit","abstract":"This paper presents an innovative inventory model for non-instantaneously deteriorating items with time-varying order quantity-dependent demand. The model strategically utilizes port-provided free storage periods to optimize inventory management across a distribution system comprising one port storage and an owned storage. While most industries rely on owned or rented warehouses to store goods before distributing them to retailers, this model proposes a more cost-efficient approach by leveraging the port’s free storage period as a temporary warehouse until the free duration expires. By investing in energy-efficient green equipment, this approach decreases carbon emissions during product transit between the port and warehouse, as well as to industries. This allows companies to delay the incurrence of holding costs and optimize resource allocation, thereby minimizing total inventory costs while maintaining service levels. The model’s theoretical foundation is verified using numerical examples, which emphasize significant findings on cost optimization and efficient inventory dynamics. Additionally, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis conducted using MATLAB reveals the impact of various parameter modifications, offering valuable insights for decision-makers across diverse industrial settings.","author":[{"family":"Limi","given":"Anthony"},{"family":"Rangarajan","given":"K"},{"family":"Kallel","given":"Imen"},{"family":"Saoudi","given":"Yassine"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.28924/2291-8639-23-2025-99","URL":"https://doi.org/10.28924/2291-8639-23-2025-99","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410081871","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable Practices for Enhancing Soil Health and Crop Quality in Modern Agriculture: A Review","abstract":"Soil health is the cornerstone of sustainable agriculture, serving as the foundation for crop productivity, environmental resilience, and long-term ecosystem stability. Contemporary agricultural methods, characterized by excessive pesticide and fertilizer application, monoculture, and intensive tillage, have resulted in extensive soil degradation, requiring novel strategies to restore and sustain soil functionality. This review examined sustainable practices to enhance soil health and improve crop quality in modern agricultural systems. Preserving soil’s physical, chemical, and biological characteristics is essential for its health, achievable through various agronomic strategies. Practices such as crop rotation, cover cropping, no-till or carbon farming, conservation agriculture (CA), and the use of organic amendments were explored for their ability to restore the soil structure, increase organic matter, and promote biodiversity. These initiatives seek to preserve and enhance soil ecosystems by aligning agricultural practices with ecological principles, ensuring long-term productivity and environmental stability. Enhancing soil health will improve soil functions, supporting the concept that increasing the soil organic carbon (SOC) is necessary. This study determined that conservation tillage is more advantageous for soil health than conventional tillage, a topic that is still controversial among scientists and farmers, and that various tillage systems exhibit distinct interactions. These strategies, through the integrated management of the interaction of plant, soil, microbial, and human activities, would enhance soil health.","author":[{"family":"Țopa","given":"Denis"},{"family":"Căpșună","given":"Sorin"},{"family":"Calistru","given":"Anca"},{"family":"Ailincăi","given":"C"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/agriculture15090998","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15090998","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414705067","type":"article-journal","title":"Rapid synthesis of phosphomolybdic acid encapsulated ZIF-8 for efficient uranium( vi ) capture from alkaline solution","abstract":"Phosphomolybdic acid hydrate (PMA) encapsulated within a ZIF-8 framework (PMA@ZIF-8) was synthesized and utilized for U(vi) adsorption from the alkaline leach liquor of dolostone material collected from SW Sinai. The prepared PMA@ZIF-8 composite was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, XPS, and SEM techniques to confirm its structural and morphological properties. To estimate the optimum conditions for the removal of U(vi), various parameters including pH, contact time, solid/liquid ratio, initial U(vi) concentration, and temperature were examined in a batch adsorption technique. The maximum adsorption capacity of the PMA@ZIF-8 composite toward U(vi) was achieved at pH 10.5 after 90 min at room temperature. The kinetic study demonstrated that the adsorption of U(vi) onto the PMA@ZIF-8 composite fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model, and adsorption isotherm results indicated that the U(vi) adsorption fitted the Langmuir model. Thermodynamic analysis suggested that the adsorption is an exothermic process. This study reveals the potential use of the PMA@ZIF-8 adsorbent for the removal of U(vi) from alkaline leach liquor solutions of dolostone ore.","author":[{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Abdelaal"},{"family":"Haggag","given":"El"},{"family":"Cheira","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Abdelsamad","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Abdel-Lateef","given":"Ashraf"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5ra06854a","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra06854a","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411256534","type":"article-journal","title":"An XGBoost-Based Machine Learning Approach to Simulate Carbon Metrics for Forest Harvest Planning","abstract":"It has become increasingly important to incorporate carbon metrics in the forest harvest planning process. The Generic Carbon Budget Model (GCBM) is a well-recognized tool to evaluate the potential impact of management decisions on carbon sequestration and storage, supporting sustainable forest management planning. Although GCBM is effective in carbon budgeting and estimating carbon metrics, its computational complexity makes it difficult to integrate into forest planning with multiple scenarios. In this regard, this study proposes using machine algorithms to expedite the output generated by GCBM. XGBoost was implemented to estimate the carbon pool and NEP in managed forests of Quebec. Furthermore, polynomial regression was also implemented to serve as a validation benchmark. Datasets with total sizes of 13.53 million and 7.56 million samples were compiled for NEP and carbon pool forecasting to run the model. The results indicate that XGBoost was able to accurately replicate the performance of the GCBM model for both NEP forecasting (R2 = 0.883) and carbon pool estimation (R2 = 0.967 for aboveground biomass). Although machine learning approaches are comparatively faster, GCBM still offers better accuracy. Hence, the decision on which method to use, either machine learning or GCBM, should be dictated by the specific objectives and the constraints of the project.","author":[{"family":"Subedi","given":"Bibek"},{"family":"Morneau","given":"Alexandre"},{"family":"Lebel","given":"Luc"},{"family":"Gautam","given":"Shuva"},{"family":"Cyr","given":"Guillaume"},{"family":"Tremblay","given":"Roxanne"},{"family":"Carle","given":"Jean"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17125454","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125454","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413104233","type":"article-journal","title":"The Problem of Formation Destruction in Carbon Dioxide Storage: A Microscopic Model","abstract":"In the context of the current global transition toward low-carbon energy, the issue of CO2 utilization has become increasingly important. One of the most promising natural targets for CO2 sequestration is the terrigenous sedimentary formations found in oil, gas, and coal basins. It is generally assumed that CO2 injected into such formations can be stored indefinitely in a stable form. However, the dissolution of CO2 into subsurface water leads to a reduction in pH, which may cause partial dissolution of the host formation, altering the structure of the subsurface in the injection zone. This process is relatively slow, potentially unfolding over decades or even centuries, and its long-term consequences require careful investigation through mathematical modeling. The geological formation is treated as a partially soluble porous medium, where the dissolution rate is governed by surface chemical reactions occurring at the pore boundaries. In this study, we present an applied mathematical model that captures the coupled processes of mass transport, surface chemical reactions, and the resulting microscopic changes in the pore structure of the formation. To ensure the model remains grounded in realistic geological conditions, we based it on exploration data characterizing the composition and microstructure of the pore space typical of the Cenomanian suite in northern Western Siberia. The model incorporates the dominant geochemical reactions involving calcium carbonate (calcite, CaCO3), characteristic of Cenomanian reservoir rocks. It describes the dissolution of CO2 in the pore fluid and the associated evolution of ion concentrations, specifically H+, Ca2+, and HCO3−. The input parameters are derived from experimental data. While the model focuses on calcite-based formations, the algorithm can be adapted to other mineralogies with appropriate modifications to the reaction terms. The simulation domain is defined as a cubic region with a side length of 1 μm, representing a fragment of the geological formation with a porosity of 0.33. The pore space is initially filled with a mixture of liquid CO2 and water at known saturation levels. The mathematical framework consists of a system of diffusion–reaction equations describing the dissolution of CO2 in water and the subsequent mineral dissolution, coupled with a model for surface evolution of the solid phase. This model enables calculation of surface reaction rates within the porous medium and estimates the timescales over which significant changes in pore structure may occur, depending on the relative saturations of water and liquid CO2.","author":[{"family":"Левашова","given":"НТ"},{"family":"Левашов","given":"ПА"},{"family":"Erofeev","given":"DR"},{"family":"Sidorova","given":"Alla"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/a18080503","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18080503","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412185265","type":"article-journal","title":"Implementing carbon capture technologies and strategies in the cement industry: A complete review","abstract":"The cement industry is one of the main industrial sources of CO₂ emissions globally, it accounted for approximately between 7-8% of total fossil fuel-related CO2 emissions. There are two carbon-intensive processes in the cement manufacturing: First is Clinker production, the decomposition of limestone into lime. This process is called calcination and is termed process emission, this represents 60%, and the second is Fuel combustion process, the burning of fossil fuel to obtain high temperatures of approximately 1450 ℃ required in the kiln. This accounted for 40% of total CO2 emissions from cement production, it is termed combustion emission. Decarbonization of cement industry is a necessity because of the global net-zero emissions target of 2050. This review comprehensively examines current and emerging Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies in this sector. Post-combustion capture is retrofittable, while calcium looping and oxy-fuel combustion indicated high capture efficiency and compatibility with cement chemistry. The LEILAC is the breakthrough process, producing pure CO₂ without flue-gas contamination. Though, high energy penalties, process complexity, integration challenges linger, and cost of retrofitting. Utilization methods such as mineral carbonation, CO₂ curing in concrete, and enhanced oil recovery offer roadmaps to long-term or value-added CO₂ usage. For permanent sequestration, storage in geological depleted oil fields and saline aquifers is key. Highlighted in this review is the need for all-inclusive integration, economic policy, and digital innovations with AI-driven monitoring and the use of alternative fuels like biomass. Urgent scale-up of CCUS technologies is essential to achieving the 2030-2050 climate targets. infrastructure Investment, Cross-sector collaboration, and supportive regulations are vital for transitioning to a low-carbon and climate-resilient cement industry.","author":[{"family":"Odor","given":"Godwin"},{"family":"Dirisu","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Omekawum","given":"Nicodemus"},{"family":"Adejumobi","given":"Ademayowa"},{"family":"Olorunfemi","given":"Victory"},{"family":"Ajayi","given":"Abiola"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.30574/wjaets.2025.16.1.1205","URL":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2025.16.1.1205","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409333827","type":"article-journal","title":"Borocarbonitrides for Decarbonization: From CO2 Utilization to Renewable Fuel Synthesis","abstract":"Borocarbonitrides (BCNs), a new class of ternary materials combining boron, carbon, and nitrogen atoms, have emerged as promising candidates in decarbonization technologies due to their unique physicochemical properties. BCNs offer an adjustable atom composition and electronic structure, thermal stability, and potentially a large specific surface area, which are attractive features for efficient interactions with carbon dioxide. These make BCNs suitable for carbon dioxide capture, storage, and catalytic conversion applications. Furthermore, BCNs have the potential to (electro)catalyze the synthesis of green fuels, such as hydrogen, as well as that of other hydrogen carriers such as ammonia. With this review, we examine the recent advances in BCN synthesis methods, characterization, and functional applications while focusing on their role in the decarbonization technologies mentioned above. We aim to highlight the potential of BCNs to drive innovation in sustainable carbon management. Additionally, in the last section of this paper, we discuss the challenges and prospects of BCNs in decarbonization and beyond.","author":[{"family":"Castilla-Martinez","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Meléndez-González","given":"PC"},{"family":"Demirci","given":"Umit"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nanoenergyadv5020006","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nanoenergyadv5020006","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415722522","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancing hydrogen infrastructure: a review of storage and transportation solutions for a sustainable future","abstract":"Abstract Hydrogen is a key energy carrier for decarbonizing high-emission sectors, supporting the transition to a sustainable energy future. This review evaluates critical hydrogen storage and transportation technologies essential for a hydrogen-powered economy. Storage methods, including compressed gas (350–700 bar), cryogenic liquid (−253 °C), cryo-compressed (−233 °C, 250–350 bar), material-based approaches (e.g., metal hydrides, LOHCs), and underground storage (salt caverns, aquifers), are analyzed for their technical feasibility, energy efficiency, and scalability. Transportation methods, including pipelines (up to 6,000 km), truck/rail (200–700 bar), and maritime shipping (e.g., liquefied hydrogen, ammonia, and LOHCs), are evaluated, with an emphasis on infrastructure requirements and cost optimization. The study emphasizes advancements in integrating green hydrogen with renewable energy, addressing safety concerns (e.g., hydrogen embrittlement, ammonia toxicity, and leakage risks), and technical challenges (e.g., boil-off losses and material durability), to support global decarbonization objectives.","author":[{"family":"Gholami","given":"Zahra"},{"family":"Gholami","given":"Fatemeh"},{"family":"Šimek","given":"Josef"},{"family":"Vakili","given":"Mohammadtaghi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1515/revce-2025-0024","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2025-0024","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416128497","type":"article-journal","title":"Biochar at the Core of Nature‐Based Carbon Management: A Comparative Review Bridging Environmental Sustainability and Economic Feasibility","abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change continues to challenge both environmental stability and economic systems worldwide. Among available mitigation strategies, nature‐based carbon management (NBCM) methods provide the dual advantage of reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) and restoring ecosystems. This review examines four main NBCM approaches, forest and grassland restoration, wetland and blue‐carbon ecosystems, urban green spaces, and regenerative agriculture, to test the hypothesis that biochar‐based regenerative agriculture is the most sustainable and practical pathway for long‐term carbon sequestration. Confirming this hypothesis is essential because policy and investment decisions increasingly depend on identifying NBCM options that combine scientific effectiveness with economic feasibility. The study reviews papers, patents, and reports published between 2016 and 2024, integrating environmental, technological, and policy findings. The review reveals several key insights. Nature‐based methods collectively offer significant global potential for carbon reduction, yet their success depends on ecological and socioeconomic conditions. Biochar‐based regenerative systems stand out by showing persistent improvements in soil‐organic‐carbon storage, crop productivity, and greenhouse‐gas mitigation, supported by numerous international case studies. The analysis also identifies the main constraints, production cost, infrastructure requirements, and limited awareness, that determine the pace of large‐scale adoption. The contribution of this review lies in linking biochar's environmental durability with its socioeconomic applicability, providing a bridge between climate science, agriculture, and sustainable development policy. Future efforts should focus on field validation across climates, cost optimization for biomass‐to‐biochar chains, and supportive policy frameworks to encourage wider adoption. These findings present a clear pathway for scaling NBCM solutions, positioning biochar as a leading nature‐based strategy for long‐term climate mitigation.","author":[{"family":"Mirzaei","given":"Negin"},{"family":"Hajinezhad","given":"Ahmad"},{"family":"Yousefi","given":"Hossein"},{"family":"Moosavian","given":"Seyed"},{"family":"Fattahi","given":"Reza"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ese3.70350","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70350","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412932158","type":"article-journal","title":"Mobile Thermal Energy Storage—A Review and Analysis in the Context of Waste Heat Recovery","abstract":"The global energy transition and increasingly rigorous legal regulations aimed at climate protection are driving the search for alternative energy sources, including renewable energy sources (RESs) and waste heat. However, the mismatch between supply and demand presents a significant challenge. Thermal energy storage (TES) technologies, particularly mobile thermal energy storage (M-TES), offer a potential solution to address this gap. M-TES can not only balance supply and demand but also facilitate the transportation of heat from the source to the recipient. This paper reviews the current state of M-TES technologies, focusing on their technology readiness level, key operating parameters, and advantages and disadvantages. It is found that M-TES can be based on sensible heat, latent heat, or thermochemical reactions, with the majority of research and projects centered around latent heat storage. Regarding the type of research, significant progress has been made at the laboratory and simulation levels, while real-world implementation remains limited, with few pilot projects and commercially available systems. Despite the limited number of real-world M-TES implementations, currently existing M-TES systems can store up to 5.4 MWh in temperatures ranging from 58 °C to as high as 1300 °C. These findings highlight the potential of the M-TES and offer data for technology selection, simultaneously indicating the research gaps and future research directions.","author":[{"family":"Kuta","given":"Marta"},{"family":"Mlonka-Mędrala","given":"Agata"},{"family":"Radomska","given":"Ewelina"},{"family":"Gołdasz","given":"A"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18154136","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18154136","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406596293","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-carbon dispatch optimization of wind-solar-thermal-storage multi-energy system based on stochastic chance constraints and carbon trading mechanism","abstract":"To improve the low-carbon economic performance of renewable energy-dominated power systems, a multi-energy coordinated optimization dispatch model for wind, solar, thermal, and storage systems considering uncertainties on both the supply and demand sides is proposed. This paper comprehensively considers the economic costs of thermal power unit operation, wind and solar power curtailment, energy storage operation, carbon trading and spinning reserve. The model incorporates a penalizing carbon trading mechanism and uses a stochastic chance-constrained approach to handle fluctuations in wind and solar power generation as well as uncertainties in load forecasting. The study, based on the IEEE 30-bus system, is solved using a stochastic simulation particle swarm optimization algorithm. Results show that after introducing the carbon trading mechanism, the system's carbon emissions were reduced by 8.35%, wind and solar curtailment penalties were reduced by 65.48%, and overall costs decreased by 14.94%. Additionally, the chance-constrained model effectively reduced the system's reserve capacity requirements, with reserve capacity decreasing by 31.84%, leading to a further reduction of 26.83% in overall costs. In the scenario of combined wind-solar-thermal-storage output, the wind and solar curtailment rate dropped to 7.37%, and carbon emissions decreased to 6474.69 tons. Through the \"energy shifting\" function, the energy storage system provided effective support during peak loads, further optimizing the dispatch outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Hong"},{"family":"Su","given":"Yongwei"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Kaijing"},{"family":"Mo","given":"Yun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.61435/ijred.2025.60669","URL":"https://doi.org/10.61435/ijred.2025.60669","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412580088","type":"article-journal","title":"The design and application of large-scale carbon dioxide capture system based on gas film technology","abstract":"In the face of the global carbon emission crisis, there are many limitations of traditional emission reduction technologies. In this paper, a large-scale carbon dioxide capture system based on gas membrane technology and wireless sensor networks is proposed to realize efficient and low-cost carbon capture and storage through interdisciplinary synergistic optimization. The system adopts high-performance gas membrane structure, advanced adsorption materials and lightweight support skeleton, and combines intelligent control and renewable energy supply to significantly improve the carbon capture efficiency. Key technologies include hierarchical adsorption, low-energy desorption and modularized rapid deployment to ensure the applicability of the system in non-arable environments. Economic analysis shows that the system achieves a cost–benefit balance through material durability, scale effects, and carbon trading gains, while creating synergies with cold chain and microalgae farming industries, providing a viable solution to the global carbon neutrality goal.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Shaohua"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Hao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s42452-025-07512-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-025-07512-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416897173","type":"article-journal","title":"E‐Textiles in Biomedicine: Real Time Sensing, Energy Storage, and Therapeutic Applications","abstract":"ABSTRACT Electronic textiles represent a transformation in wearable biomedicine by integrating sensing, actuation, data communication, and therapeutic delivery into lightweight and deformable fabric. Recent advancements in conductive polymers, carbon nanomaterials, and natural fiber composites have significantly enhanced the strain sensitivity, mechanical durability, and long‐term biocompatibility of e‐textiles. This review synthesizes the current state of the art in e‐textile materials and addresses three core research questions: fabrication technologies and materials, sensing mechanisms, and energy harvesting and storage systems. Hybrid materials incorporating PEDOT: PSS‐coated polyurethane, graphene‐silver composites with sheet resistance, silk‐polypyrrole hydrogels, and ZnO‐patterned piezoelectric structures demonstrate tunable conductivity, exceptional stretchability, and multi‐responsive properties. Multimodal sensing technologies, such as capacitive, resistive, bioimpedance, piezoelectric, tribioelectric, and optical, enable real‐time monitoring of cardiovascular, respiratory, neuromuscular, and biochemical markers. Self‐healing ionogel fibers with a dynamic covalent network and a degradable thermoset provide durability and sustainability. Further, integrating an energy system comprising supercapacitors, triboelectric nanogenerators, and piezoelectric fibers eliminates the need for batteries. Closed‐loop therapeutic systems autonomously modulate treatment based on biosensor feedback, including glucose‐responsive drug delivery and electroactive wound healing. Challenges remain in long‐term reliability, standardization, and large‐scale manufacturability. This review identifies future directions encompassing artificial intelligence integration, biodegradable materials, and multi‐modal sensor fusion to advance clinical translation of e‐textile platforms for personalized, preventive, and decentralized healthcare.","author":[{"family":"Sharma","given":"Shiva"},{"family":"Shukla","given":"Sudheesh"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Atheesha"},{"family":"Govender","given":"Krishna"},{"family":"Govender","given":"Penny"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/admi.202500672","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500672","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124285228","type":"article-journal","title":"Selective electrosynthesis of urea from nitrate and carbon dioxide with low overpotential","abstract":"Reducing the energy cost and CO2 emission of traditional urea synthesis through alternative strategy is crucial for the sustainable social development. Herein, we report the electrosynthesis of urea from nitrate and CO2 on Ag/CdO heterostructured catalyst with low overpotential. The optimized Ag0.07/CdO catalyst demonstrates a high urea yield rate of 111.6 ± 3.1 mmol gcat.–1 h–1 with 50.0 ± 2.7% Faradaic efficiency at −0.15 V vs. RHE in a flow cell, and can further achieve a urea yield rate of 427.0 ± 30.2 mmol gcat.–1 h–1 in an optimized two-electrode cell with stable response for 1000 h. Operando spectroscopy and theoretical calculations indicate that Ag attracts *NO2 intermediate as well as promotes the reconstruction of CdO into low coordinated CdCO3 that facilitate the activation of CO2, thus benefits *CO/*NO2 adsorption and coupling at low overpotential as well as suppresses the generation of CO and NH3 by-products. Traditional urea production is energy-intensive and emits large amounts of CO2. Here, the authors report an Ag/CdO catalyst with tandem dual sites that electrosynthesizes urea efficiently from nitrate and CO2 by steering reaction pathways and suppressing by-products.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Shuxia"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Tanyuan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jiarui"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jianyun"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Zijie"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Zhao"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Yunhui"},{"family":"Li","given":"Qing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-026-68497-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-68497-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408098781","type":"article-journal","title":"Prediction of carbon nanostructure mechanical properties and the role of defects using machine learning","abstract":"Graphene-based nanostructures hold immense potential as strong and lightweight materials, however, their mechanical properties such as modulus and strength are difficult to fully exploit due to challenges in atomic-scale engineering. This study presents a database of over 2,000 pristine and defective nanoscale CNT bundles and other graphitic assemblies, inspired by microscopy, with associated stress-strain curves from reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the reactive INTERFACE force field (IFF-R). These 3D structures, containing up to 80,000 atoms, enable detailed analyses of structure-stiffness-failure relationships. By leveraging the database and physics- and chemistry-informed machine learning (ML), accurate predictions of elastic moduli and tensile strength are demonstrated at speeds 1,000 to 10,000 times faster than efficient MD simulations. Hierarchical Graph Neural Networks with Spatial Information (HS-GNNs) are introduced, which integrate chemistry knowledge. HS-GNNs as well as extreme gradient boosted trees (XGBoost) achieve forecasts of mechanical properties of arbitrary carbon nanostructures with only 3 to 6% mean relative error. The reliability equals experimental accuracy and is up to 20 times higher than other ML methods. Predictions maintain 8 to 18% accuracy for large CNT bundles, CNT junctions, and carbon fiber cross-sections outside the training distribution. The physics- and chemistry-informed HS-GNN works remarkably well for data outside the training range while XGBoost works well with limited training data inside the training range. The carbon nanostructure database is designed for integration with multimodal experimental and simulation data, scalable beyond 100 nm size, and extendable to chemically similar compounds and broader property ranges. The ML approaches have potential for applications in structural materials, nanoelectronics, and carbon-based catalysts.","author":[{"family":"Winetrout","given":"Jordan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zilu"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Gaber","given":"Landon"},{"family":"Unnikrishnan","given":"Vinu"},{"family":"Varshney","given":"Vikas"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Yanxun"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yusu"},{"family":"Heinz","given":"Hendrik"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1073/pnas.2415068122","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2415068122","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406342332","type":"article-journal","title":"Local structure of amorphous sulfur in carbon–sulfur composites for all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries","abstract":"All-solid-state (ASS) batteries are a promising solution to achieve carbon neutrality. ASS lithium–sulfur (Li-S) batteries stand out due to their improved safety, achieved by replacing organic solvents, which are prone to leakage and fire, with solid electrolytes. In addition, these batteries offer the benefits of higher capacity and the absence of rare metals. However, the low electronic conductivity of sulfur poses a major challenge for ASS Li-S batteries. To address this challenge, sulfur is often combined with porous carbon. Despite this standard practice, the local structure of sulfur in these composites remains unclear. Based on small-angle X-ray scattering and pair distribution function analysis, we discovered that sulfur in carbon–sulfur composites formed via melt diffusion is amorphous and primarily comprises S8 ring-shaped structures. The carbon–sulfur composite demonstrated a high specific capacity of 1625 mAh g−1 (97% of the theoretical specific capacity of sulfur). This remarkable performance is attributed to the extensive contact area between carbon and sulfur, which results in an excellent interface formed through melt diffusion. The insights gained into the local structure of sulfur and the analytical approaches employed enhanced our understanding of electrochemical reactions in ASS Li-S batteries, thereby aiding in the optimization of material design. All-solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries demonstrate great promise for next-generation electrochemical energy storage, but the low electronic conductivity of sulfur poses a major challenge. Here, the authors analyze carbon–sulfur composites formed by melt diffusion and demonstrate that the enhanced contact between carbon and sulfur results in higher electronic conductivity and a high specific capacity for an all-solid-state lithium–sulfur cell.","author":[{"family":"Yamaguchi","given":"Hiroshi"},{"family":"Ishihara","given":"Yoshiaki"},{"family":"Haniu","given":"Yamato"},{"family":"Sakuda","given":"Atsushi"},{"family":"Hayashi","given":"Akitoshi"},{"family":"Kobayashi","given":"Kentaro"},{"family":"Hiroi","given":"Satoshi"},{"family":"Yamada","given":"Hiroki"},{"family":"Tseng","given":"Jochi"},{"family":"Shimono","given":"Seiya"},{"family":"Ohara","given":"Koji"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s42004-025-01408-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42004-025-01408-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410521347","type":"article-journal","title":"Chemical Process for the Production of Methanol with Carbon Capture (CO2) Integrating the Concept of Electrification by Heat Pump and Use of Renewable Energy","abstract":"The electrification of industrial processes offers sustainable opportunities for reducing carbon footprints and enhancing energy efficiency in the chemical industry. This paper presents the technical and environmental evaluation (life cycle assessment) of a proposed process for methanol production from the conversion of a conventional process to produce gray hydrogen by SMR technology at a plant located in the Magdalena Medio region of Colombia. The new process incorporates the concept of industrial electrification including a heat pump (HP) system with the use of propane as a working fluid for the distillation and separation system of the water–methanol mixture. The process includes the use of photovoltaic energy (PV) as a thermal supply mechanism for the methanol production process and carbon capture utilization (CCU). The proposed process is compared with a reference methanol production process that uses a dry and wet conversion mechanism. The results obtained using the HYSYS V12.1 simulation software allow identifying a 5% improvement in the performance for methanol production and a reduction in energy consumption of between 30 and 53%, which provides important perspectives on the overall energy efficiency of the process with a significant contribution to the decarbonization (−62%) of the methanol synthesis and production process.","author":[{"family":"Correa-Quintana","given":"Edgar"},{"family":"Maldonado","given":"Yecid"},{"family":"Castro","given":"Adalberto"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18102633","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18102633","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407847652","type":"article-journal","title":"Temporal adjustment approach for high-resolution continental scale modeling of soil organic carbon","abstract":"Open-source legacy data available for training soil organic carbon (SOC) models are limited and not uniformly distributed in space or time. While some process-based models predict SOC changes, most of the large-scale data-driven SOC modeling efforts overlook temporal shifts. Accounting for the expected temporal drift allows us to increase the accuracy of dataset available for machine learning models. Here we present an approach for creating proximity-based distance matrices using the legacy data available in contiguous US (CONUS) and generating spatially resolved temporal shift projections that adjust observations to the target date. The approach was evaluated by comparing SOC observations projected to two reference years, SOC 1980 and SOC 2020 and without temporal adjustment (SOC no−adj ). Stocks of SOC projections showed significant differences between SOC no−adj and SOC 2020 . Baseline estimate of SOC stocks in CONUS croplands (top 1 m) were higher based on SOC no−adj (14.49 Pg C) compared to SOC 2020 (13.29 Pg C), for pasture lands 15.49 Pg (SOC no−adj ) and 14.22 Pg C (SOC 2020 ), for forest lands at 39.52 Pg C (SOC no−adj ) and 40.83 Pg C (SOC 2020 ). The study results confirmed the validity of our methodology, and its capability to enhance SOC stock projections effectively with temporal adjustments. Potential users of this study’s outcomes include many stakeholders involved in carbon incentive programs, including farmers, scientists, policy makers, and industry partners.","author":[{"family":"Bokati","given":"Laxman"},{"family":"Somenahally","given":"Anil"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Saurav"},{"family":"Robatjazi","given":"Javad"},{"family":"Talchabhadel","given":"Rocky"},{"family":"Sarkar","given":"Reshmi"},{"family":"Perepi","given":"Rahul"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-89503-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89503-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7152985161","type":"article-journal","title":"Amine‐Functionalized Activated Carbon Monoliths by 3D Printing for Direct Air Capture","abstract":"ABSTRACT Direct air capture (DAC) is an emerging technology that supports mitigating climate change. However, its large‐scale deployment is hindered by high energy demands and material costs. In this study, we present a novel porous sorbent material for DAC using 3D‐printed activated carbon monoliths functionalized with an aminosilane compound. The monoliths were fabricated via direct ink writing and subsequently modified with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to introduce chemisorption sites for CO 2 . Structural and chemical analyses confirmed successful grafting of amines without compromising the monolithic architecture. The resulting monoliths demonstrated enhanced CO 2 uptake at atmospheric concentrations (0.25 mmol g −1 at 0.04 kPa). IR spectroscopy revealed that the functionalized monoliths chemisorb CO 2 from ambient air as ammonium carbamate. Chemisorbed CO 2 can be desorbed at a temperature of 75°C, indicating a low energy requirement for a DAC process. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first published application of aminosilane‐functionalized activated carbon for DAC, highlighting its potential as a cost‐effective and scalable sorbent material.","author":[{"family":"Fricke","given":"Johanna"},{"family":"Bacsik","given":"Zoltán"},{"family":"Schütz","given":"Christine"},{"family":"Rüggeberg","given":"Marc"},{"family":"Pal","given":"Anju"},{"family":"Hedin","given":"Niklas"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Jiayin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/gch2.70105","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70105","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411061837","type":"article-journal","title":"Decision-making using quasirung orthopair fuzzy exponential aggregation operators for carbon capture technology selection","abstract":"The selection of optimal carbon capture technologies is paramount in enhancing the efficiency of carbon emission mitigation efforts. Due to the multifaceted nature of the influencing factors, a robust and systematic approach is essential for identifying the most effective solution. The present research introduces an innovative fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making framework developed to address these types of challenges. In the first phase, we introduce novel operational laws for [Formula: see text]-quasirung orthopair fuzzy ([Formula: see text]-QOF) sets, thoroughly exploring their fundamental properties. Based on these operational laws, a set of advanced aggregation operators is developed, including the [Formula: see text]-Quasirung Orthopair Fuzzy Weighted Exponential Averaging ([Formula: see text]-QOFWEA) operator and its dual counterpart, the [Formula: see text] QOFWEA operator, which significantly enhance decision-making capabilities. In the second phase, we extend the traditional entropy method to the [Formula: see text]-QOF context for the determination of criteria weights and provide a comprehensive outline of the decision-making process. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through its application to a real-world case study focused on the selection of suitable carbon capture technologies. Numerical results highlight the superiority of the proposed method, yielding a prioritized list of carbon capture technologies with practical relevance to modern applications. This work offers a novel contribution by introducing the [Formula: see text]-QOF framework and showcasing its potential for addressing complex decision-making problems in environmental technology selection.","author":[{"family":"Khan","given":"Faiz"},{"family":"Rahim","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Alam","given":"Noor"},{"family":"Ahmad","given":"Mohammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-02198-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02198-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406445140","type":"article-journal","title":"Enhancing energy autonomy of greenhouses with semi-transparent photovoltaic systems through a comparative study of battery storage systems","abstract":"Effective energy management is crucial in greenhouse farming to ensure efficient operations and optimal crop growth. This study investigates the energy autonomy-defined as the ratio of on-site energy generation to the total energy demand-of greenhouses equipped with semi-transparent photovoltaic (STPV) systems under two scenarios: with and without a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). STPV systems are beneficial because they generate energy while still allowing enough light to pass through for healthy plant development. Seasonal variations in energy autonomy during summer and winter were analyzed. Results show that incorporating BESS significantly reduces reliance on grid electricity, with energy autonomy improving from 43.43% to 24.17% in summer and 81.36% to 69.45% in winter. The system's performance was highly sensitive to the transmittance rate of STPV panels and the minimum Daily Light Integral (DLI) required for crops. These findings highlight the potential of BESS to enhance energy independence and promote sustainable agricultural practices. The study provides insights into optimizing renewable energy systems in greenhouses, emphasizing practical implications for scalability and economic feasibility.","author":[{"family":"Gholami","given":"Mohammadreza"},{"family":"Arefi","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Hasan","given":"Anwarul"},{"family":"Li","given":"Chengdao"},{"family":"Muyeen","given":"SM"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-85418-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85418-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411584017","type":"article-journal","title":"Shallow Coastal Bays as Sediment Carbon and Nutrient Reservoirs in the Baltic Sea","abstract":"Abstract Coastal vegetated ecosystems are being increasingly recognized for their capacity to capture carbon, provide long-term biogenic storage, and alleviate nutrient pollution. To assess the ability of shallow, vegetated coastal bays to function as blue carbon and nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) sinks, we collected sediment cores in nine shallow enclosed bays (representative of the EU Habitats 1153 and 1154) in the archipelago areas of Sweden (Stockholm), Åland Island, and southwestern Finland. Our study showed strong uniformity of carbon and nutrient storage, substantial accumulation of carbon and nutrients, and minimal regional differences in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus sediment stocks. These findings are noteworthy given the large area (142 km 2 ) the shallow enclosed bays cover and the multiple important ecosystem services they provide in the northern Baltic Sea seascape. An initial first-order estimate for the shallow bay ecosystems across the study region indicates that these ecosystems potentially store 84,000 to 430,000 t organic carbon over the top 25 cm sediment. The positive correlation between carbon and nitrogen stocks, and the potentially organically bound nature of phosphorus in sediment, suggests that climate regulation services can be managed in unison with nutrient management efforts. The findings, also considering the consistent pattern of slow sedimentation and accumulation, underscore the importance of protecting shallow coastal bays as carbon and nutrient sinks in the Baltic Sea region.","author":[{"family":"Gubri","given":"Betty"},{"family":"Hansen","given":"Joakim"},{"family":"Wikström","given":"Sofia"},{"family":"Snickars","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Dahl","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Gullström","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Rydin","given":"Emil"},{"family":"Masqué","given":"Pere"},{"family":"Garbaras","given":"Andrius"},{"family":"Björk","given":"Mats"},{"family":"Boström","given":"Christoffer"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s12237-025-01541-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-025-01541-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412050238","type":"article-journal","title":"A Comprehensive Review of Cement Degradation Analysis under Downhole Conditions: CCS/CCUS/CO2‑EOR Applications","abstract":"Abstract The long-term performance of wellbore cement in CO2-rich environments remains a critical challenge for carbon capture and storage (CCS), carbon utilization and storage (CCUS), and CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) operations. Under downhole conditions, cement degradationprimarily driven by carbonation and bicarbonationcan lead to microcracking, increased permeability, and loss of well integrity. This review presents a comprehensive synthesis of degradation mechanisms, evaluating the interplay between CO2 exposure, pressure, temperature, and curing conditions on cement properties. We critically examine both traditional and advanced cement systems, including Portland-based formulations, pozzolanic blends, calcium aluminate, geopolymers, and polymer-enhanced cements. Particular focus is given to experimental findings on mechanical property evolution (e.g., compressive, tensile, and bond strength) and transport behavior under simulated downhole conditions. Modern characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), computed tomography (CT), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are reviewed, alongside emerging machine learning approaches for predicting degradation and optimizing cement design. Despite decades of research, significant gaps remain in testing standards, long-term performance prediction, and integration of mechanical and chemical deterioration models. This paper identifies those gaps and proposes strategies to enhance cement durability, including the use of nanomaterials, particle-engineered systems, and tailored additives. Ultimately, this review serves as both a critical reference and a practical guide for developing robust, CO2-resistant cement systems capable of maintaining zonal isolation in high-stress, corrosive subsurface environments.","author":[{"family":"Mammadov","given":"Orkhan"},{"family":"Mahmoud","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Alyaseri","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Ramadan","given":"Mustafa"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.4c11295","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c11295","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4413239154","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancing Sustainable Development Through Integrated Photovoltaic and Battery Energy Storage Systems in Commercial Buildings: A Strategic, Economic, and Environmental Perspective","abstract":"ABSTRACT Sustainability challenges require advanced and integrated approaches. The key role of SDG 7 can be supported by photovoltaic (PV) systems, which reduce grid dependence during sunlight hours, and by battery energy storage (BES) systems, which enable energy to be stored and utilized when solar generation is not available. The aim of this work is to provide multiple layers of analysis to support the development of integrated PV + BES systems in commercial buildings located in Italy. To this end, the study proposes methodologies based on multicriteria decision analysis, the discounted cash flow method, and includes a quantification of emission reduction levels. The results of the strategic analysis show that the interviewed experts recommend the implementation of a 50% tax deduction to support investment. The profitability of PV systems ranges from 548 to 1831 €/kW, depending on the market scenario. For specific levels of self‐consumption, no significant economic risks are identified. The integration of a BES system proves to be economically viable depending on the market context: with positive outcomes in 13%–20% of cases under the High Market scenario, and 26%–40% under the Low Market scenario. This confirms that the economic feasibility of BES integration mainly depends on the avoided electricity costs and the increase in self‐consumption. Although the adoption of storage systems slightly reduces the environmental benefit, an integrated PV + BES system can still achieve a reduction of 77 tCO 2 eq in the first year. These findings, obtained through a multidisciplinary approach, confirm that renewable energy applied to public buildings contributes directly to sustainable development.","author":[{"family":"Antonini","given":"Giulio"},{"family":"Dadamo","given":"Idiano"},{"family":"Leo","given":"Simone"},{"family":"Gastaldi","given":"Massimo"},{"family":"Scarcelli","given":"Matteo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/sd.70148","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.70148","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410321832","type":"article-journal","title":"Spatiotemporal Responses of Global Vegetation Growth to Terrestrial Water Storage","abstract":"Global vegetation growth is dynamically influenced and regulated by hydrological processes. Understanding vegetation responses to terrestrial water storage (TWS) dynamics is crucial for predicting ecosystem resilience and guiding water resource management under climate change. This study investigated global vegetation responses to a terrestrial water storage anomaly (TWSA) using NDVI and TWSA datasets from January 2004 to December 2023. We proposed a Pearson-ACF time lag analysis method that combined dynamic windowing and enhanced accuracy to capture spatial correlations and temporal lag effects in vegetation responses to TWS changes. The results showed the following: (1) Positive NDVI-TWSA correlations were prominent in low-latitude tropical regions, whereas negative responses occurred mainly north of 30°N and in South American rainforest, covering 38.96% of the global vegetated land. (2) Response patterns varied by vegetation type: shrubland, grassland, and cropland exhibited short lags (1–4 months), while tree cover, herbaceous wetland, mangroves, and moss and lichen typically presented delayed responses (8–9 months). (3) Significant bidirectional Granger causality was identified in 16.39% of vegetated regions, mainly in eastern Asia, central North America, and central South America. These findings underscored the vital role of vegetation in the global water cycle, providing support for vegetation prediction, water resource planning, and adaptive water management in water-scarce regions.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Aoxue"},{"family":"Ji","given":"Renke"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Shuzhe"},{"family":"Li","given":"Pengfei"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Nengcheng"},{"family":"Shao","given":"Zhenfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/rs17101701","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17101701","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409973035","type":"article-journal","title":"Eco‐Friendly Biomass‐Based Carbon Dots, Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, and Their Derivatives for Enhanced Oil Recovery: A New Horizon for Petroleum Industry","abstract":"Oil extraction from reservoirs has never been easy, particularly when easily accessible oil sources run out. Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a dynamic area of petroleum engineering that seeks to maximize the quantity of crude oil that can be retrieved from an oil field. Researchers and oil producers have emphasized assessing tertiary-stage recovery approaches, such as chemical EOR (CEOR), due to the problems posed by the diverse carbonate rocks. Polymers and surfactants used in CEOR procedures have the potential to harm formation and contaminate the environment. The environmentally beneficial \"green enhanced oil recovery\" (GEOR) technique includes infusing green fluids to raise tertiary oil output and boost macroscopic and microscopic sweep efficiency, ensuring sustainable practices while minimizing environmental concerns. Utilizing eco-friendly carbon nanomaterials such as biomass-based carbon dots (CDs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and their derivatives for EOR and reservoir monitoring applications represents a promising frontier in the petroleum industry. These particles are pricey and do not extend to GEOR but have been successfully tested in EOR. This innovative approach capitalizes on the unique properties of these nanomaterials to improve the efficiency and sustainability of oil extraction processes. This review aims to explore biomass-derived carbon nanoparticles and investigate their possible functions in GEOR. Furthermore, the use of carbon particles in the GEOR approach is still poorly understood; thus, there needs to be a lot of credentials. The effectiveness, sustainability, and environmental responsibility of petroleum production operations can be enhanced by incorporating carbon nanomaterials from biomass into enhanced oil recovery systems. An environmentally friendly and more resilient energy future may be possible if research and development in this area are allowed to continue. This might completely change how oil resources are found and used.","author":[{"family":"Foisal","given":"Ruhul"},{"family":"Imran","given":"Abu"},{"family":"Chowdhury","given":"Al‐nakib"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/open.202400353","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/open.202400353","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413309297","type":"article-journal","title":"Study of thermal performance and melting behaviour of a novel paraffin wax-carbon quantum Dots PCMs","abstract":"Thermal energy storage with phase change materials (PCMs) is emerging as a key solution in addressing the global energy crisis, driving innovation in energy storage and management systems. This work numerically investigates the thermal performance and melting behavior of a novel composite PCM composed of paraffin wax (PW) dispersed with different weight percentages of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in order to validate the experimental results. Latent heat curves for the prepared composite PCMs were generated numerically using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), with the input values provided from experiments and they seem to support the pattern of the experimental curves. The temperature profile and melting properties of the PCMs have also been studied. Melting temperatures of the composites indicated a maximum 5.8% discrepancy between the experimental and numerical analysis. The melting times of composites were longer than those of PW, indicating a delayed yet steady state absorption of heat during melting and improved latent heat.","author":[{"family":"Murali","given":"G"},{"family":"Emeema","given":"J"},{"family":"Reddi","given":"BV"},{"family":"Vali","given":"PSNM"},{"family":"Elumalai","given":"PV"},{"family":"Murugan","given":"M"},{"family":"Alwetaishi","given":"Mamdooh"},{"family":"Ramu","given":"T"},{"family":"Prabhakar","given":"S"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-08312-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08312-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407203875","type":"article-journal","title":"A review on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) using plant extracts: a multifaceted approach in photocatalysis, environmental remediation, and biomedicine","abstract":"(neem) and many others are plant extracts that have been used as stabilizing and reducing agents because of their extensive phytochemical profiles. The resulting SNPs have outstanding qualities, such as better photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes like methylene blue, antibacterial efficacy towards multidrug-resistant pathogens, biocompatibility for possible therapeutic applications, and regulated magnitude (10-50 nm), enhanced rigidity, and tunable surface plasmon resonance. Significant effects of plant extract type, amount, and synthesis parameters on the physical and functional characteristics of SNPs are revealed by key findings. Along with highlighting important issues and potential paths forward, this review also underlines the necessity of scalable production, thorough toxicity evaluations, and investigating the incorporation of SNPs into commercial applications. This work highlights how plant-based SNPs can be used to address global environmental and biological concerns by straddling the division between sustainable chemistry and nanotechnology.","author":[{"family":"Shahzadi","given":"Sehar"},{"family":"Fatima","given":"Sehrish"},{"family":"Ain","given":"Qurat"},{"family":"Shafiq","given":"Zunaira"},{"family":"Janjua","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d4ra07519f","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra07519f","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410779851","type":"article-journal","title":"The Frontiers of Aqueous Zinc–Iodine Batteries: A Comprehensive Review on Mechanisms, Optimization, and Industrial Prospects","abstract":"Abstract Zinc–iodine batteries, grounded in halogen‐powered static conversion mechanisms, are experiencing significant development. However, clarity regarding their industrialization pathway remains elusive. This review delves into the energy storage mechanism of zinc–iodine batteries, encompassing not only the conventional low‐valence transformation mechanism but also spotlighting emerging high‐valence transformation mechanisms. Simultaneously, several optimization routes are proposed from the perspective of battery industrialization, mainly covering the optimization direction of cathode and anode materials, including efficient restraints of iodine effect behavior, promotion of iodine conversion reaction, and effective design of zinc anode. Furthermore, starting from promoting practical application, the optimization path of designing zinc–iodine battery prototypes and functionalized devices, focusing on battery design and device development, while also improving relevant industrialization strategies for cost‐effective and efficient use are explored. Additionally, considering the future demand of the energy storage industry, the discussion extends from zinc–iodine batteries to encompass extreme temperature conditions, derivative battery product designs, and interdisciplinary integration. With a focus on practical application, this work identifies key challenges in the field and proposes comprehensive optimization strategies, aiming to provide guidance for the design of high‐performance, cost‐effective zinc–iodine batteries applications.","author":[{"family":"Wen","given":"Haokun"},{"family":"Wen","given":"Hanyu"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jiazhuo"},{"family":"Zhuang","given":"Changlei"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Minghui"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Hua"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Bosi"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Siwen"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Tianyi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202500323","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202500323","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416199780","type":"article-journal","title":"Paraffin Coated with Diatomite as a Phase Change Material (PCM) in Heat Storage Systems—A Review of Research, Properties, and Applications","abstract":"Paraffin-based phase change materials (PCMs) have emerged as promising candidates for thermal energy storage (TES) applications due to their high latent heat, chemical stability, and low cost. However, their inherently low thermal conductivity and the risk of leakage during melting-solidification cycles significantly limit their practical performance. To address these limitations, numerous studies have investigated composite PCMs in which paraffin is incorporated into porous supporting matrices. Among these, diatomite has garnered particular attention due to its high porosity, large specific surface area, and chemical compatibility with organic materials. Serving as both a carrier and stabilizing shell, diatomite effectively suppresses leakage and enhances thermal conductivity, thereby improving the overall efficiency and reliability of the PCM. This review synthesizes recent research on paraffin-diatomite composites, with a focus on impregnation methods, surface modification techniques, and the influence of synthesis parameters on thermal performance and cyclic stability. The mechanisms of heat and mass transport within the composite structure are examined, alongside comparative analyses of paraffin-diatomite systems and other inorganic or polymeric supports. Particular emphasis is placed on applications in energy-efficient buildings, passive heating and cooling, and hybrid thermal storage systems. The review concludes that paraffin-diatomite composites present a promising avenue for stable, efficient, and sustainable phase change materials (PCMs). However, challenges such as the optimization of pore structure, long-term durability, and large-scale manufacturing must be addressed to facilitate their broader implementation in next-generation energy storage technologies.","author":[{"family":"Przybek","given":"Agnieszka"},{"family":"Hebdowska-Krupa","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Łach","given":"Michał"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma18225166","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18225166","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409514931","type":"article-journal","title":"Achieving Carbon Neutrality Through Renewable Energy Transition Amidst Economic Policy Uncertainty in the Arctic Region","abstract":"In the rapidly unpredictable economic and environmental era, the Arctic region stands at a pivotal crossroads. Globally, the rise in carbon emission (CEM) has continued to escalate in recent decades. Still, extant analyses have not sufficiently investigated the variables contributing to CEM dissipation, particularly in the Arctic Council. Therefore, this paper closes the knowledge gap by assessing the influence of environmental technology (EVT), economic policy uncertainty (EPU), renewable energy transition, and urban transition on CEM. Moreover, the study investigated the moderation effect of environmental governance on the interconnection between EPU and CEMs, incorporating historical data from 30 years ago (1990–2020). The research applied three econometric techniques, moments quantile regression, fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), and Driscoll and Kray standard errors (DSK), to ascertain the interaction among the research indicators. The study’s outcome established that (1) the switch to renewable or cleaner power supply, EVT, and governance improves ecological health. (2) Environmental policy uncertainty and urban transition disrupt ecological stability in the Arctic region. (3) Environmental government moderates the effect of EPU and CEM. The study provides policy‐makers, stakeholders, and politicians with essential policy recommendations to help establish resilient and environmental quality in the Arctic region and beyond.","author":[{"family":"Khan","given":"Mansoor"},{"family":"Hassan","given":"Hazrat"},{"family":"Li","given":"Cai"},{"family":"Sampene","given":"Agyemang"},{"family":"Kyere","given":"Francis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/er/2408883","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/2408883","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408387921","type":"article-journal","title":"Review of Modelling and Optimal Control Strategy for Virtual Energy Storage","abstract":"ABSTRACT VES is a method of balancing the energy of a power system with other equipment or scheduling strategies, particularly with respect to controllable loads, owing to end‐user electrification. This paper summarises the connotations, classifications, and typical modelling applications for VES users. Thereafter, the modelling methods, characteristics, and specific operation cases of five types of VESs are introduced, including electric vehicles, buildings, cold storage, industrial production and hydrogen storage. Furthermore, the energy storage capacity planning, energy scheduling strategy, and power control strategy of a VESS are realised through optimal control strategies. Finally, in conjunction with demand response, the development prospects of VES in modelling and control strategies are discussed to improve the economic and environmental benefits of microgrids.","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Bowen"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Yichen"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yanhui"},{"family":"Li","given":"Guangdi"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Peng"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Boyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1049/gtd2.70031","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.70031","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415237074","type":"article-journal","title":"Abundant and active acetogens enhance the carbon dioxide sink of Blue Carbon ecosystems","abstract":"Blue Carbon ecosystems, which include all tidal wetlands, mitigate climate change by capturing and storing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Most carbon fixation in these systems is thought to be driven by plant and microbial photosynthesis, whereas chemosynthetic processes are assumed to play a minor role. However, these ecosystems often contain anoxic environments ideal for chemosynthetic microbes such as acetogens. In this study, we show that acetogens are abundant and active mediators of carbon sequestration in tidal wetland soils. We combined metagenomic analysis of CO2 fixation genes and reconstruction of microbial genomes with enrichment and analysis of gas-fermenting acetogens in bioreactors. Genome-resolved metagenomics revealed that diverse microbes can mediate carbon fixation, primarily through the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle and Wood–Ljungdahl pathway (WLP). These include various bacteria and archaea capable of reductive acetogenesis. Based on these findings, we established bacterial enrichment cultures from tidal wetland soils using hydrogen (H2) and CO2 as the sole energy and carbon sources. Bioreactor analysis revealed that these enrichments are dominated by clostridial acetogens that grow rapidly by converting CO2 into acetate and other products. Collectively, these results reveal Blue Carbon ecosystems harbor microbial communities that can exclusively subsist by using CO2 as their sole electron acceptor and carbon source. This provides evidence for a novel carbon sink pathway within these ecosystems beyond the well-known mechanisms of photosynthetic carbon fixation and soil sequestration. Additionally, the discovery and enrichment of these chemosynthetic communities provide opportunities for developing further mechanisms of CO2 removal through industrial gas fermentation.","author":[{"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Karen"},{"family":"Ricci","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Ni","given":"Gaofeng"},{"family":"Iram","given":"Naima"},{"family":"Palfreyman","given":"Robin"},{"family":"González-García","given":"RA"},{"family":"Heffernan","given":"James"},{"family":"Greening","given":"Chris"},{"family":"Adame","given":"María"},{"family":"Marcellin","given":"Esteban"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s40168-025-02209-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-025-02209-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416540141","type":"article-journal","title":"Who's willing to take the green leap? Consumers' preferences and their willingness to use different carbon capture and utilization products","abstract":"The accelerating pace of climate change demands decisive action, particularly through technologies that mitigate carbon dioxide emissions. Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technology represents a promising approach requiring both technical optimization and societal acceptance. To achieve this, technology developers must tailor applications to align with the specific needs and expectations of diverse consumers. This study examines how sociodemographic and attitudinal factors shape individuals’ perception of risk and their willingness to adopt various CCU-derived products, such as clothing, cosmetics, aviation fuel, and food. Based on survey data ( N =827), participants were categorized as either Hesitants (42%) or Enthusiasts (58%) according to their attitudes towards CCU, technical commitment, risk disposition, and innovation interest. The results show that the perceived risks of CO 2 -based products are influenced by both demographic and attitudinal variables, with the latter being the strongest predictor of willingness to use products across categories. Among all applications, aviation fuel was perceived as offering the most notable environmental benefits with the lowest health-related risks. By integrating behavioral insights into the evaluation of CCU technologies, this research provides a nuanced understanding of consumer acceptance processes, emphasizing the importance of aligning technological innovation with user expectations to foster socially embedded and economically viable pathways toward climate neutrality. • CCU product acceptance is shaped by attitudes and risk perception • Two attitude-based consumer segments: Enthusiasts (58%) and Hesitants (42%) • Attitudes outperform demographics in predicting CCU product adoption • Aviation fuel is the most accepted CO 2 -derived product • Findings support user-centered strategies for CCU technology adoption","author":[{"family":"Wilkowska","given":"Wiktoria"},{"family":"Haverkämper","given":"Imke"},{"family":"Ziefle","given":"Martina"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.clrc.2025.100355","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clrc.2025.100355","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413948572","type":"article-journal","title":"Detection of opioids and their metabolites in sweat by carbon nanotube FET sensor array","abstract":"In this study, we report the development of a multiplexed carbon nanotube-based field-effect transistor (FET) sensor platform for the rapid and reliable detection of opioids and their metabolites in human sweat. Our approach utilizes gold nanoparticle-decorated, semiconductor-enriched single-walled carbon nanotubes (Au-SWCNTs) functionalized with specific antibodies to achieve sensitive and selective detection of opioid metabolites to indicate opioid exposure. First, norfentanyl antibody-functionalized FET sensors exhibited high sensitivity toward norfentanyl with a limit of detection of 34 pg/mL (146 pM). To extend the detection capabilities, we constructed a sensor array comprising FET sensors functionalized with antibodies targeting morphine, norfentanyl, and 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM). Notably, the cross-reactivity of the antibodies among structurally similar compounds broadened the detection range of the sensor array, enabling simultaneous probing of both opioid metabolites and their parent drugs. The sensor array was further incorporated into an automated sensing platform, facilitating high-throughput measurements and enhanced data reliability. In addition, the sensor technology was successfully adapted into a portable configuration, underscoring its potential for rapid, reliable opioid screening in real-world settings.","author":[{"family":"Shao","given":"Wenting"},{"family":"Zeng","given":"Zidao"},{"family":"Star","given":"Alexander"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s44328-025-00051-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44328-025-00051-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409284457","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable synthesis of nanomaterials using different renewable sources","abstract":"Abstract Background The synthesis of nanomaterials has traditionally relied on methods that pose significant environmental risks due to high-energy demands, hazardous chemicals, and waste generation. For instance, conventional techniques such as chemical vapor deposition and the sol–gel process are known for their high-energy consumption and the production of toxic by-products. This context emphasizes the importance of sustainability in nanomaterial synthesis, leading to a shift toward more eco-friendly methods that integrate principles of green chemistry to lessen the influence on the environment. This transition addresses the harmful effects associated with traditional approaches and promotes the use of renewable resources, such as biomass and agricultural waste, in nanomaterial production. Main body This review focuses on sustainable nanomaterial synthesis methods that utilize renewable resources, such as biomass, agricultural waste, and natural extracts. These approaches reduce energy consumption, limit waste generation, and enhance recyclability, supporting the principles of the nanocircular economy. Various green synthesis strategies, including hydrothermal methods and green solvents, are examined for their effectiveness in producing nanomaterials with desirable properties. The review also highlights the broad applications of these sustainable nanomaterials in catalysis, sensing, biomedical fields, and energy storage. Despite the considerable advancements, the field faces ongoing challenges related to scalability, comprehensive environmental impact assessments, and the need for performance optimization. Conclusion The sustainable synthesis of nanomaterials presents significant opportunities for advancing green technologies and reducing the environmental footprint of nanomaterial production. While challenges remain, continued research and innovation promise further progress toward scalable and efficient methods, driving the development of an environmentally conscious approach to nanomaterial synthesis.","author":[{"family":"Abady","given":"Mariam"},{"family":"Mohammed","given":"Dina"},{"family":"Soliman","given":"Tarek"},{"family":"Shalaby","given":"Reham"},{"family":"Sakr","given":"Fathi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s42269-025-01316-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-025-01316-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409462246","type":"article-journal","title":"Beyond the Bloom: Invasive Seaweed Sargassum spp. as a Catalyst for Sustainable Agriculture and Blue Economy—A Multifaceted Approach to Biodegradable Films, Biostimulants, and Carbon Mitigation","abstract":"The Anthropocene has ushered in unprecedented environmental challenges, with invasive seaweed blooms emerging as a critical yet understudied facet of climate change. These blooms, driven by nutrient runoff and oceanic alterations, disrupt ecosystems, threaten biodiversity, and impose economic and public health burdens on coastal communities. However, invasive seaweeds also present an opportunity as a sustainable resource. This study explores the valorization of Sargassum spp. for agricultural applications, focusing on the development of biodegradable bioplastics and biostimulants. Field trials demonstrated the effectiveness of Marine Symbiotic® Sargassum-derived biostimulant in distinct agricultural contexts. In the Dominican Republic, trials on pepper crops showed significant improvements, including a 33.26% increase in fruit weight, a 21.94% rise in fruit set percentage, a 45% higher yield under high-stress conditions, and a 48.42% reduction in fruit rejection compared to control. In Colombia, trials across four leafy green varieties revealed biomass increases of up to 360%, a 50% reduction in synthetic input dependency, and enhanced crop coloration, improving marketability. Additionally, Sargassum-based biofilms exhibited favorable mechanical properties and biodegradability, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional agricultural plastics. Carbon credit quantification revealed that valorizing Sargassum could prevent up to 89,670 tons of CO2-equivalent emissions annually using just one Littoral Collection Module® harvesting system, while biostimulant application enhanced carbon sequestration in crops. These findings underscore the potential of invasive seaweed valorization to address multiple climate challenges, from reducing plastic pollution and GHG emissions to enhancing agricultural resilience, thereby contributing to a sustainable Blue Economy and aligning with global sustainability goals.","author":[{"family":"Martínez-Martínez","given":"Elena"},{"family":"Slocum","given":"Alexander"},{"family":"Ceballos","given":"María"},{"family":"Aponte","given":"Paula"},{"family":"Bisonó-León","given":"Andrés"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17083498","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083498","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415956116","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrating Solar Energy into Fossil Fuel Power Plant with CO2 Capture and Storage: A Bibliographic Survey","abstract":"There is an urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2). Currently, numerous research initiatives are underway to develop CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies aiming for net-zero emissions, especially in sectors that are difficult to decarbonize, such as fossil fuel power generation. Integrating solar thermal energy into CO2 capture facilities (CCFs) for fossil fuel-based power plants offers a promising approach to reduce the high operational costs associated with CO2 capture processes. However, a comprehensive systematic review focusing on the integration of solar thermal energy with CCFs in fossil fuel power generation is currently lacking. To address this gap, this study systematically evaluates the technological frameworks involved, including (a) various generation technologies such as coal-fired Rankine cycle plants, natural gas combined cycle plants, and cogeneration units; (b) concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies, including parabolic trough collectors, linear Fresnel reflectors, solar power towers, and Stirling dish systems; and (c) post-combustion CO2 capture systems. Additionally, this research analyzes relevant projects, patents, and scholarly publications from the past 25 years that explore the coupling of CSP technologies with fossil fuel power plants and post-combustion CO2 capture systems. This literature review encompasses diverse methodologies, such as innovative patents, conceptual models, evaluations of solar collector performances, thermal integration optimization, and various system configurations. It also investigates technical advancements aimed at improving efficiency, reliability, and flexibility of fossil fuel power plants while mitigating the inherent challenges of CO2 capture. Beyond the energy-focused aspects, we explore complementary circular economy strategies—such as by-product valorization and material substitution in sectors like mining, cement, and steel manufacturing—that can reduce embodied emissions and enhance the overall system benefits of solar-assisted CO2 capture. The review employs a bibliometric approach using digital tools including Publish or Perish, Mendeley, and VOSviewer to systematically analyze the scholarly landscape.","author":[{"family":"Calderón","given":"Agustín"},{"family":"Jaramillo","given":"ÓA"},{"family":"García","given":"JC"},{"family":"Procopio","given":"Miriam"},{"family":"González-Díaz","given":"Abigail"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13113581","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13113581","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412402759","type":"article-journal","title":"Nanoconfinement Geometry of Pillared V 2 O 5 Determines Electrochemical Ion Intercalation Mechanisms, Storage Sites, and Diffusion Pathways","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Improving the electrochemical ion intercalation capacity and kinetics in layered host materials is a critical challenge to further develop lithium-ion batteries, as well as emerging cell chemistries based on ions beyond lithium. Modification of the nanoconfining interlayer space within host materials by synthetic pillaring approaches has emerged as a promising strategy; however, the resulting structural properties of host materials, host–pillar interactions as well as associated electrochemical mechanisms remain poorly understood. Herein, we systematically study a series of bilayered V 2 O 5 host materials pillared with alkyldiamines of different lengths, resulting in tunable nanoconfinement geometries with interlayer spacings in the range of 1.0–1.9 nm. The electrochemical Li + intercalation capacity is increased from approximately 1.0 to 1.5 Li + per V 2 O 5 in expanded host materials due to the stabilization of new storage sites. The intercalation kinetics improve with expansion due to a transition in Li + diffusion pathways from 1D to 2D diffusional networks. Operando X-ray diffraction reveals a transition of the intercalation mechanism from solid-solution Li + intercalation in V 2 O 5 hosts with small and medium interlayer spacings to solvent cointercalation in V 2 O 5 with the largest interlayer spacing. The work systematically demonstrates the impact of nanoconfinement geometry within bilayered V 2 O 5 on the resulting Li + intercalation metrics and mechanisms, providing insights into both the microstructure and associated electrochemistry of pillared materials.","author":[{"family":"Karol","given":"Jameela"},{"family":"Ogolla","given":"Charles"},{"family":"Sotoudeh","given":"Mohsen"},{"family":"Dillenz","given":"Manuel"},{"family":"Tobis","given":"Maciej"},{"family":"Vollmer","given":"Ellen"},{"family":"Malik","given":"Yoga"},{"family":"Zarrabeitia","given":"Maider"},{"family":"Groß","given":"Axel"},{"family":"Butz","given":"Benjamin"},{"family":"Fleischmann","given":"Simon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsnano.5c08169","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c08169","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411495032","type":"article-journal","title":"Plasma-Assisted Regeneration of Activated Carbon: Current Status and Prospects","abstract":"Activated carbon (AC) is widely used in pollution control, but it faces significant challenges in regeneration due to secondary pollution and structural degradation. Traditional methods, such as thermal and chemical regeneration, are energy-intensive and inefficient. Plasma-based regeneration, which includes high-voltage pulsed discharge and dielectric barrier discharge, provides an effective approach for restoring AC adsorption capacity with minimal environmental impact. While plasma techniques risk damaging AC’s porous structure, recent advances demonstrate their potential for efficient regeneration at lower energy costs. This review examines plasma-driven regeneration processes, focusing on optimizing reactivity control to maintain AC structural integrity while achieving high regeneration performance. The analysis highlights key mechanisms and operational parameters that influence plasma regeneration efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Routong"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Jiaxin"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Shiyi"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Litao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Faxing"},{"family":"Liu","given":"He"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Cong"},{"family":"Bao","given":"Weizhai"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Guozhen"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Feng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/inorganics13070209","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics13070209","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.3390/su17135754","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of Integrated Carbon Capture and Hydrogen Storage: AI-Driven Optimization for Efficiency and Scalability","abstract":"Achieving global net-zero emissions by 2050 demands integrated and scalable strategies that unite decarbonization technologies across sectors. This review provides a forward-looking synthesis of carbon capture and storage and hydrogen systems, emphasizing their integration through artificial intelligence to enhance operational efficiency, reduce system costs, and accelerate large-scale deployment. While CCS can mitigate up to 95% of industrial CO2 emissions, and hydrogen, particularly blue hydrogen, offers a versatile low-carbon energy carrier, their co-deployment unlocks synergies in infrastructure, storage, and operational management. Artificial intelligence plays a transformative role in this integration, enabling predictive modeling, anomaly detection, and intelligent control across capture, transport, and storage networks. Drawing on global case studies (e.g., Petra Nova, Northern Lights, Fukushima FH2R, and H21 North of England) and emerging policy frameworks, this study identifies key benefits, technical and regulatory challenges, and innovation trends. A novel contribution of this review lies in its AI-focused roadmap for integrating CCS and hydrogen systems, supported by a detailed analysis of implementation barriers and policy-enabling strategies. By reimagining energy systems through digital optimization and infrastructure synergy, this review outlines a resilient blueprint for the transition to a sustainable, low-carbon future.","author":[{"family":"Khalili","given":"Yasin"},{"family":"Yasemi","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Abdi","given":"Mahdi"},{"family":"Ertian","given":"Masoud"},{"family":"Mohammadi","given":"Maryam"},{"family":"Bagheri","given":"Mohammadreza"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17135754","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135754","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412102796","type":"article-journal","title":"Source-load-storage distributional robust low-carbon economic scheduling considering carbon capture units and hydrogen energy storage system","abstract":"This study addresses the challenge of integrating new energy consumption into the construction of a new power system and the impact of source-load uncertainty on system scheduling. It proposes a source-load-storage distributional robust low-carbon economic scheduling strategy that considers carbon capture units and hydrogen energy storage systems. Firstly, the carbon capture units, hydrogen energy storage system, and demand response are utilized to enhance the scheduling flexibility of the power system. Secondly, a framework for the coordinated operation of source-load-storage is constructed, and the coordinated operation characteristics of carbon capture units and hydrogen energy storage systems are studied in view of the shortcomings in the operation of carbon capture units and hydrogen energy storage systems under the demand of spinning reserves. Subsequently, a data-driven distributional robust optimization model is proposed. A comprehensive norm consisting of the 1-norm and ∞ -norm is used as the confidence set of the uncertainty probability distribution in the model. The results demonstrate that, in comparison to the traditional scenario, carbon emissions and total cost are reduced by 74.73 % and 24.80 %, respectively, through the implementation of source-load-storage collaborative scheduling. Furthermore, our approach is more effective than other uncertainty optimization methods, in terms of robustness and economic decision-making.","author":[{"family":"Long","given":"Chuanyu"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Rujing"},{"family":"He","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Tingyun"},{"family":"Li","given":"Bowen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150169","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150169","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409504774","type":"article-journal","title":"Dataset of CO2 geological storage potential and injection rate capacity in China based on fine grid technology","abstract":"Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is a vital technology for mitigating climate change. However, the successful deployment of CCUS technology depends on a thorough understanding of subsurface CO 2 geological storage capacities and their spatial distribution. Currently, there is limited publicly available information on the CO 2 geological storage potential and injection rate capacity, particularly regarding fine-resolution gridded datasets for large countries with complex geological conditions like China. This study estimates China’s onshore and offshore CO 2 geological storage potential and injection rate capacity with a fine resolution of 5 km covering 24 major sedimentary basins and 1181 oilfields. Using ArcGIS along with statistical tools, we produce five datasets at the grid level, four at the county level, and four at the provincial level. The reliability of this gridded dataset has been validated by literature comparisons and uncertainty analysis. These datasets are crucial for the optimal selection of carbon dioxide geological sequestration sites as well as for future CCUS strategic planning and large-scale deployment at various spatial scales.","author":[{"family":"Fan","given":"Jing‐li"},{"family":"Xiang","given":"Xiaojuan"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Li","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zezheng"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Shijie"},{"family":"Diao","given":"Yujie"},{"family":"Ju","given":"Zheng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiangqian"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiaochun"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Jinfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41597-025-04875-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-04875-3","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4406865467","type":"article-journal","title":"CO2 Capture: A Comprehensive Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Scalable Materials and Sustainable Solutions","abstract":"The greenhouse effect and global warming, driven by the accumulation of pollutants, such as sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and CO2, are primarily caused by the combustion of fossil fuels and volcanic eruptions. These phenomena represent an international crisis that negatively impacts human health and the environment. Several studies have reported novel carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies, promising solutions. Notable methods include chemical absorption using solvents, and the development of functionalized porous materials, such as MCM-41, impregnated with amines like polyethyleneimine. These technologies have demonstrated high capture capacity and thermal stability; however, they face challenges related to recyclability and high operating costs. In parallel, biodegradable polymers and hydrogels present sustainable alternatives with a lower environmental impact, although their industrial scalability remains limited. This review comprehensively analyzes CO2 capture methods, focusing on silica-based porous supports, polymers, hydrogels, and emerging techniques, like CCUS and MOFs, while including traditional methods and a bibliometric analysis to update the field’s scientific dynamics. With increasing investigations focused on developing new CCUS technologies, this study highlights a growing interest in eco-friendly alternatives. A bibliometric analysis of 903 articles published between 2010 and 2024 provides an overview of current research on environmentally friendly carbon capture technologies. Countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and India are leading research efforts in this field, emphasizing the importance of scientific collaboration. Despite these advancements, implementing these technologies in industrial sectors with high greenhouse gas emissions remains scarce. This underscores the need for public policies and financing to promote their development and application in these sectors. Future research should prioritize materials with high capture capacity, efficient transformation, and valorization of CO2 while promoting circular economy approaches and decarbonizing challenging sectors, such as energy and transportation. Integrating environmentally friendly materials, energy optimization, and sustainable strategies is essential to position these technologies as key tools in the fight against climate change.","author":[{"family":"Carrascal-Hernández","given":"Domingo"},{"family":"Grandetovar","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Méndezlópez","given":"Maximiliano"},{"family":"Insuasty","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"García-Freites","given":"Samira"},{"family":"Sanjuán","given":"Marco"},{"family":"Márquez","given":"Edgar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/molecules30030563","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30030563","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4408765668","type":"article-journal","title":"A novel efficiency-based, tiered carbon storage incentive approach for CCUS through CO2 enhanced oil recovery and storage","abstract":"Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) through CO 2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (CO 2 -EOR) supports energy production while reducing atmospheric CO 2 emissions. Economic profitability, not environmental effectiveness, typically drives operators’ decisions. The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between economic and environmental benefits under various flood designs (continuous CO 2 injection and Water-Alternating-Gas (CO 2 -WAG) injection scenarios) and economic conditions, proposing operational and policy solutions to simultaneously optimize both. Net CO 2 emissions and Net Present Value (NPV) serve as indicators of environmental and economic outcomes, respectively. We integrate a reservoir simulation, a life cycle emissions analysis, and an economic model. Results show that continuous CO 2 injection maximizes environmental benefits. Without carbon storage incentives, economic and environmental gains are misaligned, with operators favoring practices that maximize net CO 2 emissions. A dynamic breakeven carbon storage incentive, sensitive to oil prices and CO 2 acquisition costs, is essential for alignment. Incentives below breakeven improve economic profitability with limited environmental gains. Operator responsibility for mitigating climate change, along with CO 2 availability, also influences this alignment. Uniform incentive systems, such as the 45Q tax credit system in the U.S., present challenges, often requiring unrealistically high incentives and tying total incentives to the volume of net CO 2 stored, rather than the actual environmental impact. To address these issues, we propose a novel alternative tiered, performance-based metric that directly links incentives to environmental outcomes through storage efficiency, defined as the amount of CO₂ effectively stored after accounting for upstream, gate-to-gate, and downstream emissions per barrel of oil produced.","author":[{"family":"Mirzaeipaiaman","given":"Abouzar"},{"family":"Lake","given":"Larry"},{"family":"Moscardelli","given":"Lorena"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104362","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104362","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406810539","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-carbon economic dispatch of integrated energy system with carbon capture power plant and multiple utilization of hydrogen energy","abstract":"In the context of “dual carbon”, in order to promote the consumption of renewable energy and improve energy utilization efficiency, a low-carbon economic dispatch model of an integrated energy system containing carbon capture power plants and multiple utilization of hydrogen energy is proposed. First, introduce liquid storage tanks to transform traditional carbon capture power plants, and at the same time build a multi-functional hydrogen utilization structure including two-stage power-to-gas, hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen storage tanks, and hydrogen-doped cogeneration to fully exploit hydrogen. It can utilize the potential of collaborative operation with carbon capture power plants; on this basis, consider the transferability and substitutability characteristics of electric heating gas load, and construct an electric heating gas comprehensive demand response model; secondly, consider the mutual recognition relationship between carbon quotas and green certificates, Propose a green certificate-carbon trading mechanism; finally establish an integrated energy system with the optimization goal of minimizing the sum of energy purchase cost, demand response compensation cost, wind curtailment cost, carbon storage cost, carbon purchase cost, carbon trading cost and green certificate trading compensation. Optimize scheduling model. The results show that the proposed model can effectively reduce the total system cost and carbon emissions, improve clean energy consumption and energy utilization, and has significant economical and low-carbon properties.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Jiarui"},{"family":"Ji","given":"Xiu"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Xiangdong"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Bai"},{"family":"Li","given":"Meiyue"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fenrg.2024.1447858","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2024.1447858","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412632872","type":"article-journal","title":"Achieving sustainable green agriculture: analyze the enabling role of data elements in agricultural carbon reduction","abstract":"Introduction Controlling agricultural carbon emissions is an important part of promoting the green development of agriculture. This paper explores the relationship between data elements (DE) and agricultural carbon emissions (ACE), which is an important manifestation of achieving green emission reduction and sustainable agricultural development in agriculture. Methods Based on the empirical data of 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2022, this paper evaluated the influence between the two by using the fixed effects model and the mediating effects model, and explored the heterogeneous effects in geographical location and grain production areas. Results First, data elements have a significant inhibitory effect on agricultural carbon emissions. Second, data elements have obvious heterogeneity in agricultural carbon emissions. Thirdly, fintech and land use play a significant mediating role in the impact of data elements on agricultural carbon emissions. Discussion This paper not only enriches the theoretical research on the impact of data elements on agricultural carbon emissions, but also provides corresponding empirical evidence. It offers significant reference for deepening the green development reform of industry, optimizing the allocation of human resources, promoting high-quality agricultural development, and achieving rural revitalization in China.","author":[{"family":"Shi","given":"Lidong"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Jiahui"},{"family":"Du","given":"Xiuli"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Yuyan"},{"family":"Lei","given":"Ting"},{"family":"Ming","given":"Xu"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Yang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/feart.2025.1618999","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2025.1618999","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7122359737","type":"article-journal","title":"Vapor‐Assisted Catalysis Enables Precise Construction of MOF‐Derived Hierarchical Carbon Nanoarrays for High‐Performance Supercapacitors","abstract":"ABSTRACT The synthesis of MOF‐derived carbons with high surface area and conductivity is challenged by a fundamental trade‐off between architectural preservation and catalytic graphitization. Here, we introduce a spatially decoupled, vapor‐assisted pyrolysis strategy where a Co‐MOF precursor array is physically separated from a vapor‐generating Zn‐MOF auxiliary. During pyrolysis, a remote Zn vapor flux simultaneously preserves the precursor's nanosheet morphology by suppressing Co nanoparticle aggregation and catalytically grows dense carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays. This process yields an integrated 0D–1D–2D hierarchical carbon architecture with high surface area and graphitization. As a self‐supporting supercapacitor electrode, the optimized material delivers a specific capacitance of 360 F g −1 , excellent rate capability (53% retention at 50 A g −1 ), and robust cycling stability. Mechanistic studies and density functional theory calculations confirm the pivotal role of Zn vapor in modulating Co catalysis for morphology control and reveal a synergy between heteroatoms and cobalt that optimizes K + storage kinetics. This remote‐regulation strategy establishes a generalizable platform for designing hierarchical carbon materials for advanced energy storage.","author":[{"family":"Deng","given":"Xiaoyang"},{"family":"Wan","given":"Zihao"},{"family":"Xin","given":"Huan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiaoguang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Wenjuan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Feixiong"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Liying"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Naiqin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202524363","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202524363","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411329282","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon nanotubes and graphene as counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells","abstract":"Abstract Addressing the global demand for cost-effective and sustainable energy sources, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional silicon-based photovoltaics. However, the use of platinum which is a rare and expensive counter electrode (CE) hinders the widespread application of DSSCs, necessitating the use of cheap, abundant, and efficient materials. The review therefore focuses on carbon-based nanomaterials specifically carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene as CEs in DSSCs. The CE plays a vital role in regenerating the redox couple, and its charge transfer resistance (Rct) should ideally be 1 Ω cm² for optimal performance. Carbon nanotubes comprising single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs), and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are mainly prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The SWCNTs have achieved an efficiency of 7.79%, comparable to platinum electrodes, and this was due to the morphology, which influenced the redox mediator regeneration but also reduced the Rct. In addition, graphene with high transparency (97.7%), large specific surface area (2630 m2 g− 1), excellent thermal conductivity (3000 W m− 1 K− 1), and good carrier mobility properties (10,000 cm2 V− 1 S− 1) have also been applied. In this, the Graphene nanosheets demonstrated a 6.81% efficiency, comparable to platinum (7.59%) due to a high open circuit voltage (Voc), which accounts for the reduction of iodide/triiodide redox couple. Lastly, the Graphene nanoplatelets demonstrated a 9.3% efficiency comparable to that of Platinum 7.53% due to low charge transfer resistance, high electrocatalytic activity, and good fill factor.","author":[{"family":"Bbumba","given":"Simon"},{"family":"Kigozi","given":"Moses"},{"family":"Karume","given":"Ibrahim"},{"family":"Yiga","given":"Solomon"},{"family":"Nsamba","given":"Hussein"},{"family":"Ntale","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s11671-025-04279-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-025-04279-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406914413","type":"article-journal","title":"Energy–Carbon Coupling Modeling of Integrated Energy Systems in Low-Carbon Parks","abstract":"In integrated energy system modeling, extant research predominantly addresses single-energy system optimization or carbon emission flow models, failing to adequately elucidate the mechanisms of combined energy and carbon flow modeling in complex energy systems. This deficiency hampers a thorough analysis of the coupling relationships between energy and carbon flows, thereby posing significant challenges for resource allocation and carbon mitigation within integrated energy systems. This paper presents an innovative energy–carbon coupling model, constructing a unified framework for energy and carbon flow modeling centered on the energy hub, thereby overcoming the limitations of traditional approaches that are unable to model both energy and carbon flows concurrently. The model comprehensively examines the coupling nodes and carbon density correlations among energy conversion devices within multi-energy systems, precisely quantifying carbon emission paths and distribution across devices. This provides a novel methodology for carbon emission management in integrated energy systems. Case studies on typical integrated energy systems demonstrate the proposed model’s efficacy in low-carbon economic dispatch. The energy–carbon coupling model developed in this study offers a high-adaptability solution for integrated energy systems in multi-energy, low-carbon parks, achieving an optimal balance between economic efficiency and environmental performance under dual objectives of energy demand and carbon emission minimization.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Kaibin"},{"family":"Qiu","given":"Zejing"},{"family":"Yue","given":"Mengmeng"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xudong"},{"family":"Shao","given":"Deyi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jingsheng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hongru"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17031063","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17031063","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406034217","type":"article-journal","title":"Offshore Wind Power—Seawater Electrolysis—Salt Cavern Hydrogen Storage Coupling System: Potential and Challenges","abstract":"Offshore wind power construction has seen significant development due to the high density of offshore wind energy and the minimal terrain restrictions for offshore wind farms. However, integrating this energy into the grid remains a challenge. The scientific community is increasingly focusing on hydrogen as a means to enhance the integration of these fluctuating renewable energy sources. This paper reviews the research on renewable energy power generation, water electrolysis for hydrogen production, and large-scale hydrogen storage. By integrating the latest advancements, we propose a system that couples offshore wind power generation, seawater electrolysis (SWE) for hydrogen production, and salt cavern hydrogen storage. This coupling system aims to address practical issues such as the grid integration of offshore wind power and large-scale hydrogen storage. Regarding the application potential of this coupling system, this paper details the advantages of developing renewable energy and hydrogen energy in Jiangsu using this system. While there are still some challenges in the application of this system, it undeniably offers a new pathway for coastal cities to advance renewable energy development and sets a new direction for hydrogen energy progress.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Xiaoyi"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Yashuai"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Xilin"},{"family":"Bai","given":"Weizheng"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Si"},{"family":"Li","given":"Peng"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Mingnan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yinping"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18010169","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18010169","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410919053","type":"article-journal","title":"AI Optimized Supply Chain Mapping for Green Energy Storage Systems: Predictive Risk Modeling Under Geopolitical and Climate Shocks 2024","abstract":"In the face of accelerating climate change and volatile geopolitical dynamics, securing sustainable and resilient supply chains for green energy storage systems has emerged as a global imperative.Lithium-ion batteries, rare earth elements, and critical minerals are foundational to the clean energy transition, yet their supply networks are increasingly threatened by export restrictions, resource nationalism, extreme weather events, and transport bottlenecks.Traditional supply chain strategies, which rely heavily on static mapping and retrospective risk assessments, are insufficient to address these multidimensional and fast-evolving risks.This study proposes an AI-optimized framework for dynamic supply chain mapping, tailored specifically for the green energy storage sector.By integrating satellite imagery, trade data, geopolitical risk indices, and climate hazard models, the system leverages machine learning algorithms to generate real-time risk scores, flag vulnerable nodes, and suggest adaptive reconfiguration pathways.The model employs graph neural networks and probabilistic risk modeling to simulate supply disruptions and cascading failures across multiple tiers of the supply network.A case simulation involving lithium supply routes in Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa demonstrates the model's ability to predict chokepoints, identify substitution opportunities, and recommend resilience-enhancing strategies, such as supplier diversification or inventory prepositioning.The findings highlight how AI can shift supply chain planning from reactive crisis management to proactive risk mitigation.By fusing predictive intelligence with sustainability metrics, this research contributes a decision-support tool that empowers energy sector stakeholders to build greener, more secure, and geopolitically aware supply chains.It holds particular relevance for governments, utilities, and energy storage manufacturers navigating the twin disruptions of climate volatility and global power realignment.","author":[{"family":"Adegboye","given":"Omotayo"},{"family":"Arowosegbe","given":"Oluwakemi"},{"family":"Prosper","given":"Olisedeme"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.55248/gengpi.6.0525.1801","URL":"https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.6.0525.1801","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415722169","type":"article-journal","title":"Thermal Energy Storage Technology Roadmap for Decarbonising Medium-Temperature Heat Processes—A Review","abstract":"This review presents a technology roadmap for Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems operating in the medium-temperature range of 100–300 °C, a critical window that accounts for approximately 37% of industrial process heat demand in Europe. Decarbonising this segment is essential to meeting climate targets, especially in sectors that are reliant on fossil-fuel-based steam. The study analyses 11 TES technologies, including sensible, latent, and thermochemical systems, covering both mature and emerging solutions. Each technology is evaluated based on technical, environmental, and socio-economic key performance indicators (KPIs), such as energy density (up to 200 kWh/m3), cost per storage capacity (€2–100/kWh), and technological readiness level (TRL). Sensible heat technologies are largely mature and commercially available, while latent heat systems—especially those using nitrate salts—offer promising energy density and cost trade-offs. Thermochemical storage, though less mature, shows potential in high-cycle applications and long-term flexibility. The review highlights practical configurations and integration strategies and identifies pathways for research and deployment. This work offers a comprehensive reference for stakeholders aiming to accelerate industrial decarbonisation through TES, particularly for applications such as drying, evaporation, and low-pressure steam generation.","author":[{"family":"Palacios","given":"Anabel"},{"family":"Krabben","given":"Yannick"},{"family":"Linder","given":"E"},{"family":"Thamm","given":"Ann‐katrin"},{"family":"Arpagaus","given":"Cordin"},{"family":"Paranjape","given":"Sidharth"},{"family":"Bless","given":"Frédéric"},{"family":"Carbonell","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Schuetz","given":"Philipp"},{"family":"Worlitschek","given":"Jörg"},{"family":"Stamatiou","given":"Anastasia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17219693","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219693","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406178807","type":"article-journal","title":"Heterostructured Lanthanide Perovskite Nanoparticles with High Quantum Yield and Water Stability for Optical Information Storage","abstract":"Abstract In this study, heterostructured nanoparticles based on lanthanide double perovskite halide are innovatively proposed, which dramatically improved quantum yield and color purity, but the problem of water stability of perovskite materials has also been solved. The nanoparticles without surface ligands have excellent stability and optical properties when dispersed in water, and have higher color purity than those dispersed in organic solvents. Besides, the application potential is demonstrated and the practical performance is verified by preparing luminescent ink. This study provides a new strategy for the performance enhancement and application prospect of lanthanide double perovskite.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Jiwei"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Renrui"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Jiabo"},{"family":"Su","given":"Qichen"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Yao"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Guotao"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Lining"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adom.202403340","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202403340","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411258999","type":"article-journal","title":"Allam cycle-based integrated energy storage system for cross-sector decarbonization","abstract":"To combat climate change and reduce CO 2 emissions, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) has emerged as an effective solution, alongside the utilization of renewable energy sources. However, these technologies encounter several obstacles, including the energy penalties associated with carbon capture and the intermittency of renewables, which complicate the electrical grid's stability. This study proposes an innovative integration of an Allam cycle, coordinated energy storage, and a polygeneration system that effectively combines renewables with CCUS, thereby enhancing sustainability and cost-effectiveness over existing energy storage alternatives. The system achieves an exergy round trip efficiency of 47.7 % and a levelized cost of storage of $47.6/MWh, outperforming conventional Power-to-X systems. A comprehensive component sensitivity analysis reveals that the electrolyzer significantly affects cost and efficiency. Enhancing its performance could substantially improve the system's overall effectiveness and economic viability, thereby supporting the transition to cleaner energy sources.","author":[{"family":"Alirahmi","given":"Seyed"},{"family":"Qi","given":"Meng"},{"family":"He","given":"Chang"},{"family":"Sin","given":"Gürkan"},{"family":"Zang","given":"Guiyan"},{"family":"Rui","given":"Zhenhua"},{"family":"Gundersen","given":"Truls"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Haoshui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.est.2025.117327","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.117327","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409348374","type":"article-journal","title":"Multifunctional Hollow Core–Shell Carbon Nanosphere With High Catalytic Activity and Zinc Deposition Regulation Ability for Zinc‐Bromine Flow Battery","abstract":"Abstract The high energy density and low cost enable the zinc‐bromine flow battery (ZBFB) with great promise for stationary energy storage. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics of Br 2 /Br − redox couple, uncontrollable bromine diffusion, and tricky zinc dendrites pose great challenges in their wider application. Herein, the multifunctional hollow core‐shell carbon nanospheres (HCSC) are designed as electrodes for ZBFBs, which are composed of carbon cores and hollow carbon shells. The abundant multistage pore structure, high specific surface area, and excellent bromine adsorption capacity of HCSC significantly improve the catalytic activity of the electrode. Meanwhile, bromine can be firmly confined in the cavity based on the adsorption effect, effectively inhibiting bromine diffusion and battery self‐discharge. Moreover, this unique core‐shell structure provides more deposition space, achieving uniform zinc deposition, further reducing the polarization and extending the lifespan of ZBFBs. The HCSC‐modified carbon felt (HCSC‐CF) thus achieves high catalytic activity, high bromine immobilization capacity, and excellent zinc deposition regulation ability simultaneously. Therefore, the assembled ZBFB achieves a high voltage efficiency of 71.29%, a high energy efficiency of 70.63%, and a long lifespan of over 340 cycles at a high current density of 160 mA cm −2 , showing great potential for further application.","author":[{"family":"Tang","given":"Luyin"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Chenguang"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Wenjing"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xianfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202502455","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202502455","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409667261","type":"article-journal","title":"Green Hydrogen: Pathway to Net Zero Green House Gas Emission and Global Climate Change Mitigation","abstract":"Green hydrogen is gaining recognition as a viable substitute for fossil fuels, presenting a sustainable solution for global decarbonization. While significant progress has been made in hydrogen production, storage, and utilization, there remains a crucial need to assess its economic viability and integration into current energy systems and to reduce its emission footprint. This review delves into the prospects and challenges of green hydrogen deployment into the renewable energy mix, with a particular focus on cost reduction approaches, storage limitations, transportation, scalability, advancements in electrolysis, and diverse sectoral applications. By analyzing recent technological developments and policy frameworks, this review contributes a thorough evaluation of green hydrogen’s viability to achieve net-zero emissions. Furthermore, this review enhances understanding of the role of green hydrogen in climate change mitigation by identifying major scalability barriers and proffering actionable solutions, assessing life cycle emission reductions, and examining key policy measures required for large-scale adoption. Our analysis emphasizes the importance of advancing green hydrogen storage solutions, increasing the efficiency of electrolysis processes, reducing costs, and implementing stronger policy measures to support large-scale adoption. Our findings and results demonstrate that green hydrogen has 66–95% potential of reducing global warming when integrated with other renewables. Its widespread adoption will drastically reduce anticipated climate mitigation costs of $10.0–15.7 trillion in the next decades, with progress in electrolysis technology, cost efficiency, and various industrial applications. Our recommendation for future studies emphasizes improved catalyst durability, material enhancements for electrolyzer, integration of green hydrogen into hybrid renewable energy networks, and establishment of globally coordinated policies to accelerate its deployment. By bridging the divide between technological advancements and practical implementation, this research provides valuable guidance for scientists, policymakers, and industry stakeholders striving for a sustainable energy transition.","author":[{"family":"Elegbeleye","given":"Ife"},{"family":"Oguntona","given":"Olusegun"},{"family":"Elegbeleye","given":"Femi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/hydrogen6020029","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen6020029","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406699873","type":"manuscript","title":"MOFA: Discovering Materials for Carbon Capture with a GenAI- and Simulation-Based Workflow","abstract":"We present MOFA, an open-source generative AI (GenAI) plus simulation workflow for high-throughput generation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on large-scale high-performance computing (HPC) systems. MOFA addresses key challenges in integrating GPU-accelerated computing for GPU-intensive GenAI tasks, including distributed training and inference, alongside CPU- and GPU-optimized tasks for screening and filtering AI-generated MOFs using molecular dynamics, density functional theory, and Monte Carlo simulations. These heterogeneous tasks are unified within an online learning framework that optimizes the utilization of available CPU and GPU resources across HPC systems. Performance metrics from a 450-node (14,400 AMD Zen 3 CPUs + 1800 NVIDIA A100 GPUs) supercomputer run demonstrate that MOFA achieves high-throughput generation of novel MOF structures, with CO$_2$ adsorption capacities ranking among the top 10 in the hypothetical MOF (hMOF) dataset. Furthermore, the production of high-quality MOFs exhibits a linear relationship with the number of nodes utilized. The modular architecture of MOFA will facilitate its integration into other scientific applications that dynamically combine GenAI with large-scale simulations.","author":[{"family":"Yan","given":"Xiaoli"},{"family":"Hudson","given":"Nathaniel"},{"family":"Park","given":"Hyun"},{"family":"Grzenda","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Pauloski","given":"JG"},{"family":"Schwarting","given":"Marcus"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Haochen"},{"family":"Harb","given":"Hassan"},{"family":"Foreman","given":"Sam"},{"family":"Knight","given":"CE"},{"family":"Gibbs","given":"Tom"},{"family":"Chard","given":"Kyle"},{"family":"Chaudhuri","given":"Santanu"},{"family":"Tajkhorshid","given":"Emad"},{"family":"Foster","given":"Ian"},{"family":"Moosavi","given":"Mohamad"},{"family":"Ward","given":"Logan"},{"family":"Huerta","given":"EA"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.10651","URL":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2501.10651","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414896650","type":"article-journal","title":"Silicon Nanostructures for Hydrogen Generation and Storage","abstract":"Today, hydrogen is already widely regarded as up-and-coming source of energy. It is essential to meet energy needs while reducing environmental pollution, since it has a high energy capacity and does not emit carbon oxide when burned. However, for the widespread application of hydrogen energy, it is necessary to search new technical solutions for both its production and storage. A promising effective and cost-efficient method of hydrogen generation and storage can be the use of solid materials, including nanomaterials in which chemical or physical adsorption of hydrogen occurs. Focusing on the recommendations of the DOE, the search is underway for materials with high gravimetric capacity more than 6.5% wt% and in which sorption and release of hydrogen occurs at temperatures from −20 to +100 °C and normal pressure. This review aims to summarize research on hydrogen generation and storage using silicon nanostructures and silicon composites. Hydrogen generation has been observed in Si nanoparticles, porous Si, and Si nanowires. Regardless of their size and surface chemistry, the silicon nanocrystals interact with water/alcohol solutions, resulting in their complete oxidation, the hydrolysis of water, and the generation of hydrogen. In addition, porous Si nanostructures exhibit a large internal specific surface area covered by SiHx bonds. A key advantage of porous Si nanostructures is their ability to release molecular hydrogen through the thermal decomposition of SiHx groups or in interaction with water/alkali. The review also covers simulations and theoretical modeling of H2 generation and storage in silicon nanostructures. Using hydrogen with fuel cells could replace Li-ion batteries in drones and mobile gadgets as more efficient. Finally, some recent applications, including the potential use of Si-based agents as hydrogen sources to address issues associated with new approaches for antioxidative therapy. Hydrogen acts as a powerful antioxidant, specifically targeting harmful ROS such as hydroxyl radicals. Antioxidant therapy using hydrogen (often termed hydrogen medicine) has shown promise in alleviating the pathology of various diseases, including brain ischemia–reperfusion injury, Parkinson’s disease, and hepatitis.","author":[{"family":"Mussabek","given":"Gauhar"},{"family":"Yar-Mukhamedova","given":"Gulmira"},{"family":"Orazbayev","given":"Sagi"},{"family":"Skryshevsky","given":"VA"},{"family":"Lysenko","given":"Vladimir"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15191531","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15191531","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131895562","type":"article-journal","title":"Coupled Temperature–Pressure Prediction in CO2 Injection Wells During the Carbon Capture and Storage Process","abstract":"In carbon capture and storage (CCS) systems, the wellbore serves as a critical connecting channel between CO2 surface capture facilities and underground storage formations. Accurate prediction of the temperature, pressure, and physical properties of CO2 fluid within the wellbore is essential for its safe sequestration. In this study, a coupled temperature–pressure-phase prediction model for CO2 injection wells is established based on the conservation laws of mass, energy, and momentum, combined with the PR-TWU equation of state. The maximum errors in temperature and pressure for the CO2 injection case well are only 4.57% and 2.05%, respectively, verifying the accuracy of the model. The distribution and variation in temperature, pressure, and physical property parameters in the CO2 injection wellbore are systematically investigated. The results show that with increasing well depth, the temperature, pressure, and flow velocity of CO2 fluid exhibit an increasing trend, while its density and viscosity gradually decrease. During CO2 injection, the well depth at which the CO2 phase transition occurs is closely related to the critical temperature of CO2 (31.04 °C). Wellbore pressure is mainly controlled by injection pressure, whereas injection temperature and injection rate are the key parameters affecting wellbore temperature and CO2 phase transition. The findings can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of injection parameters and the integrity evaluation of CO2 sequestration injection wells.","author":[{"family":"Liang","given":"Ning"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Chun"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Li"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr14050778","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14050778","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409886002","type":"article-journal","title":"Study on the effect of technological innovation on carbon emission intensity in 278 prefecture-level cities in China","abstract":"In the context of combating climate change and pursuing sustainable economic development, technological innovation is considered to be an important engine for promoting the green transformation of the economy and achieving sustainable development. This study investigates the impact of technological innovation on the carbon intensity of Chinese cities using a spatial Durbin model combined with prefecture-level data. Through a standard spatial econometric analysis, this paper reveals the spatial relationship between the innovation and carbon emission, which exceeds the maximum explanatory power of linear regression. The results of empirical analysis show that: (1) overall, the improvement of technological innovation level in China has a negative spatial spillover effect on the carbon emission intensity of cities, which can reduce the carbon emission intensity of the city and the neighboring cities; (2) from a geographical perspective, the spatial spillover effect of the level of technological innovation on the carbon emission intensity of cities in western China is not significant compared with cities in other regions; (3) the spatial spillover effect of the improvement of technological innovation on the carbon emission intensity of non-resource-based cities is more significant than that of resource-based cities. Therefore, we need to increase investment in technological innovation and optimize the industrial structure. At the same time, we need to fully utilize the spatial spillover effect to help cities achieve synergistic carbon reduction.","author":[{"family":"Zhu","given":"Xuelian"},{"family":"Che","given":"Jianan"},{"family":"Niu","given":"Xiaogeng"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Nannan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Meiyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-99370-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99370-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407087511","type":"article-journal","title":"Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Water Electrolysis: Cell-Level Considerations for Gigawatt-Scale Deployment","abstract":"Hydrogen produced with no greenhouse gas emissions is termed \"green hydrogen\" and will be essential to reaching decarbonization targets set forth by nearly every country as per the Paris Agreement. Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs) are expected to contribute substantially to the green hydrogen market. However, PEMWE market penetration is insignificant, accounting for less than a gigawatt of global capacity. Achieving substantive decarbonization via green hydrogen will require PEMWEs to reach capacities of hundreds of gigawatts by 2030. This paper serves as an overarching roadmap for cell-level improvements necessary for gigawatt-scale PEMWE deployment, with insights from three well-established hydrogen technology companies included. Analyses will be presented for economies of scale, renewable energy prices, government policies, accelerated stress tests, and component-specific improvements.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Cliffton"},{"family":"Stansberry","given":"John"},{"family":"Mukundan","given":"Rangachary"},{"family":"Chang","given":"Hung"},{"family":"Kulkarni","given":"Devashish"},{"family":"Park","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Plymill","given":"Austin"},{"family":"Firas","given":"Nausir"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Lang","given":"Jack"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Jason"},{"family":"Tolouei","given":"Nadia"},{"family":"Morimoto","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Chun‐hua"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Gaohua"},{"family":"Brouwer","given":"Jack"},{"family":"Atanassov","given":"Plamen"},{"family":"Capuano","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Mittelsteadt","given":"Cortney"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Xiong"},{"family":"Zenyuk","given":"Iryna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00904","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00904","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414167362","type":"article-journal","title":"Efficient Neutral Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electrosynthesis Using Synergistic Ru-Based Nanoalloys on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon","abstract":"Abstract Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO 3 RR) represents a sustainable and environmentally benign route for ammonia (NH 3 ) synthesis. However, NO 3 RR is still limited by the competition from hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the high energy barrier in the hydrogenation step of nitrogen-containing intermediates. Here, we report a selective etching strategy to construct RuM nanoalloys (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) uniformly dispersed on porous nitrogen-doped carbon substrates for efficient neutral NH 3 electrosynthesis. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the synergic effect between Ru and transition metal M modulates the electronic structure of the alloy, significantly lowering the energy barrier for the conversion of *NO 2 to *HNO 2 . Experimentally, the optimized RuFe-NC catalyst achieves 100% Faraday efficiency with a high yield rate of 0.83 mg h −1 mg cat −1 at a low potential of − 0.1 V vs. RHE, outperforming most reported catalysts. In situ spectroscopic analyses further demonstrate that the RuM-NC effectively promotes the hydrogenation of nitrogen intermediates while inhibiting the formation of hydrogen radicals, thereby reducing HER competition. The RuFe-NC assembled Zn-NO 3 − battery achieved a high open-circuit voltage and an outstanding power density and capacity, which drive selective NO 3 − conversion to NH 3 . This work provides a powerful synergistic design strategy for efficient NH 3 electrosynthesis and a general framework for the development of advanced multi-component catalysts for sustainable nitrogen conversion.","author":[{"family":"Huang","given":"Lisi"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Pingzhi"},{"family":"Ge","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Bingyu"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Jili"},{"family":"Li","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jian"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Baohua"},{"family":"Hanay","given":"Özge"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Liang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40820-025-01896-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01896-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407743914","type":"article-journal","title":"Spatiotemporal variation and dynamic simulation of carbon stock based on PLUS and InVEST models in the Li River Basin, China","abstract":"The watershed is the optimal natural division for ecosystems, playing a crucial role in carbon reduction and sequestration. Exploring the carbon sequestration potential of terrestrial ecosystems under different land use scenarios and enhancing regional carbon storage capacity is of significant importance. In this study, the LUCC in the Lijiang River basin under the scenarios of natural evolution (NE), natural conservation (NC), urban developmentand (UD) and farmland protection (FP) in 2040 was simulated by using grid data, driver grid data and carbon density data, based on the PLUS model and the InVEST model. Then, the effects of land use change on carbon stock in the Lijiang River Basin from 2000 to 2040 were evaluated. The results show that, (1)from 2000 to 2020, the area of arable land significantly increased in the Li River Basin, while forest and grassland areas decreased significantly. The distribution pattern of land use in the Li River Basin is mainly influenced by factors such as economy, population density, topography, and roads. Population growth and economic development require more arable land, forest land, and construction land. (2)Due to land use change, the carbon stock in the Li River Basin decreased by 3.69 × 10 6 t over the 20-year period, particularly in the northern and southern regions of the basin. (3)Meanwhile, there was a significant change in the land use pattern, with forest carbon stock accounting for a reduced proportion (90.76%) of the total ecosystem carbon stock in 2020. (4)According to the projected natural evolution scenario, the carbon stock in 2040 will decrease by 3.13 × 10 6 t compared to 2020 in the Li River Basin. Under the scenario of arable land protection, the carbon stock will decrease significantly. Under the ecological protection scenario, the carbon stock of the terrestrial ecosystem will increase by 2.75 × 10 5 t. Under the urban development scenario, the carbon stock caused by land use change will be uncertain; however, construction land increase will definitely cause the decrease of carbon stock.This study examines the impact of land use change scenarios on carbon storage in the Li River Basin, highlighting the potential carbon gains under the ecological conservation scenario, providing valuable insights for regional land use planning and carbon reduction strategies.","author":[{"family":"Bai","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Xiangling"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Xue"},{"family":"Long","given":"Dujiang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jianhong"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Yaoguo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-86226-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-86226-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415758871","type":"article-journal","title":"Research Hotspots and Evolution Trends of CCUS Policy in Industrial Field From the Perspective of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals","abstract":"The transition toward carbon neutrality has placed carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) at the center of international climate strategies. Despite its strategic importance, the policy frameworks shaping CCUS remain fragmented and uneven. This study reviews the intellectual and policy evolution of CCUS governance to identify research hotspots, institutional dynamics, and future pathways. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using 968 publications from the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection (2003–2024). CiteSpace was applied to map publication trends, cocitation networks, and keyword clusters. To move beyond descriptive mapping, the findings were interpreted through established policy analysis perspectives, including the advocacy coalition framework (ACF) and multilevel perspective (MLP) on sociotechnical transitions. The field has progressed through three phases: exploratory (2003–2008), expansion (2009–2019), and rapid growth (2020–present), reflecting the global diffusion of net‐zero commitments. Research has converged on five policy dimensions: normative frameworks, macroeconomic support, regulatory instruments, financial incentives, and technoeconomic analysis (TEA). Emerging themes include project‐level cost–benefit analysis, integration with hydrogen and bioenergy systems, and standardization of monitoring and verification protocols. However, gaps persist in Global South representation, cross‐sector collaboration, and attention to social and institutional factors. This review demonstrates that CCUS policy research is transitioning from descriptive assessments toward operational governance support. Future work should emphasize interdisciplinary frameworks, equitable geographic coverage, and engagement with emerging tools such as digital modeling, participatory governance, and integrated carbon management systems. These directions are essential for enabling CCUS to contribute effectively within broader net‐zero ecosystems.","author":[{"family":"Fan","given":"Min"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Yao"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Huihui"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Hu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhidong"},{"family":"Bi","given":"Sheng"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Didi"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Fenglin"},{"family":"Bi","given":"Shiqi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/ijce/3051142","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijce/3051142","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406846148","type":"article-journal","title":"Power and Energy Transformation: Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Utilizing Complex q-Rung Picture Fuzzy Generalized Power Prioritized Yager Operators","abstract":"Existing studies in decision-making often face limitations in adequately handling complex and uncertain environments. This study addresses these shortcomings by introducing novel operations and aggregation techniques tailored for complex q-rung picture fuzzy numbers (Cq-RPFNs). Building upon the drawbacks of conventional approaches, we extend Yager's operations to Cq-RPFNs, enabling comprehensive operations such as addition, multiplication, scalar product, and scalar power. Additionally, two aggregation operators—the Complex q-rung Picture Fuzzy Generalized Power Prioritized Yager Weighted Average and the Complex q-rung Picture Fuzzy Generalized Power Prioritized Yager Weighted Geometric—are developed to overcome the limitations of existing aggregation methods. Rigorous analysis of these operators for properties such as idempotency and monotonicity ensures their robustness in decision-making processes. Through a comprehensive multi-criteria decision-making method utilizing these operators, decision-makers are empowered to navigate complex decision landscapes effectively. Comparative evaluations against existing alternatives highlight the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed approaches. A case study focusing on India's Power and Energy Sector in 2024 demonstrates practical application, supported by numerical examples that validate the methodologies' efficacy. This study addresses the drawbacks of existing approaches and provides valuable insights and tools for decision-makers operating in complex and uncertain domains.","author":[{"family":"Petchimuthu","given":"Subramanian"},{"family":"Mahendiran","given":"C"},{"family":"Premala","given":"T"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.31181/sor21202525","URL":"https://doi.org/10.31181/sor21202525","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409406984","type":"article-journal","title":"AI AND QUANTUM COMPUTING FOR CARBON-NEUTRAL SUPPLY CHAINS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF INNOVATIONS","abstract":"The urgent global imperative to mitigate climate change has brought carbon-neutral supply chains to the forefront of sustainability and operations management discourse. As organizations strive to meet net-zero emission targets, technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Quantum Computing (QC) have emerged as powerful enablers of this transformation. This systematic literature review investigates the roles of AI and QC in achieving carbon-neutral supply chains, examining how these technologies optimize forecasting, logistics, procurement, emissions monitoring, and real-time decision-making across diverse industrial contexts. By following the PRISMA 2020 methodology, a total of 87 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025 were identified, screened, and synthesized from databases including Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The review reveals that AI significantly enhances operational sustainability through intelligent demand forecasting, inventory optimization, carbon footprint assessment, and green procurement decision-making. Quantum computing, while still in its early stages of maturity, offers high-potential applications in solving complex optimization problems such as vehicle routing, energy grid balancing, and low-emission manufacturing simulation. The integration of AI and QC—especially when combined with technologies like digital twins and blockchain—was found to support advanced sustainability modeling, emissions traceability, and secure carbon data verification. These integrated systems enable supply chains to become not only more efficient but also more transparent and accountable in their environmental impact. However, the review also highlights substantial challenges to implementation, including quantum hardware limitations, high energy demands, cost barriers, and the lack of integration with existing enterprise systems. This study contributes to the growing field of sustainable digital transformation by offering a comprehensive understanding of how AI and quantum technologies can jointly support carbon neutrality objectives in global supply chain ecosystems.","author":[{"family":"Vudugula","given":"Sanjai"},{"family":"Chebrolu","given":"Sanath"},{"family":"Zaman","given":"Sadia"},{"family":"Saha","given":"Rony"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.63125/nrdx7d32","URL":"https://doi.org/10.63125/nrdx7d32","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408066561","type":"article-journal","title":"Research progress on industrial waste heat recycling and seasonal energy storage","abstract":"With the rapid development of global industrialization, the surplus and waste heat generated during industrial production processes is becoming increasingly abundant, making the utilization of industrial surplus and waste heat a focal point of current research. The main challenge facing the utilization of industrial surplus and waste heat is the spatial and temporal mismatch between the large amount of industrial waste heat generated during the non-heating season and the heating demand during the heating season. Seasonal energy storage technology enables energy to be stored and transferred over long periods and large areas. The application of this technology in the field of industrial surplus and waste heat utilization can effectively reduce energy waste and greenhouse gas emissions, thereby lowering the costs of industrial production. Here, we provide an overview of the current status of the utilization of surplus and waste heat resources in six industrial scenarios: Thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, steel mills, oil refineries, coal mines, and data centers. The research progress of sensible heat storage (SHS), latent heat storage (LHS), and thermochemical storage (THS) is analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of different energy storage technologies are discussed. Application cases combining industrial waste heat recovery with seasonal energy storage are enumerated and analyzed. Our aim is to provide a reference for research and practice in related fields.","author":[{"family":"Song","given":"Jialin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Haoyi"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yanming"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Zongyuan"},{"family":"He","given":"Mingxin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3934/energy.2025006","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3934/energy.2025006","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406057957","type":"article-journal","title":"Evaluation of biomarkers that influence the freshness of beef during storage using VIS/NIR hyperspectral imaging","abstract":"Biomarkers influencing the freshness of beef during storage were detected using VIS/NIR hyperspectral imaging (HSI). A total of 18 cuts of eye round from three cattle were vacuum-packaged and wet-aged at 4 ± 2°C for 27 days. Throughout this period, freshness was maintained as evidenced by a significant decrease in pH, stable color, and total bacterial count (TBC) and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) remaining below spoilage thresholds at 5.78 Log CFU/g and 14.47 mg/100 g, respectively. Metabolite profiling revealed correlations between freshness indicators-ethanol, 5’-inosine monophosphate, acetate, histamine-and TBC and VBN values, highlighting their importance in freshness. Integrating HSI with partial least squares regression (PLSR) proved more reliable than artificial neural networks for predicting metabolite profiles and correlating them with quality traits, confirming its effectiveness in meat quality monitoring. With PLSR, the model performance for TBC was similar (R 2 = 0.77 from HSI and 0.74 from metabolite predictions), while VBN performance improved significantly from R 2 = 0.63 to 0.81 with predicted metabolite data. This integration was essential for monitoring beef quality during wet aging and for developing effective assessment strategies. • VIS/NIR hyperspectral imaging was used to detect freshness biomarkers • Maintained beef freshness for 27 days detected by pH, color, TBC, and VBN • PLSR outperformed ANN in metabolites with R 2 : TBC = 0.77, and VBN = 0.81 • Four key metabolites correlated with TBC and VBN as freshness biomarkers • It was efficient metabolite predictions and quality traits for freshness control","author":[{"family":"Ismail","given":"Azfar"},{"family":"Park","given":"Seongmin"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Hye‐jin"},{"family":"Choi","given":"Minwoo"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Hyun‐jun"},{"family":"Hong","given":"Heesang"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Ghiseok"},{"family":"Jo","given":"Cheorun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.lwt.2024.117302","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2024.117302","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413479376","type":"article-journal","title":"Bifunctional Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes and Their Effect on Hydration, Conductivity, and Mechanical Properties of Cement Composites","abstract":"Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) significantly enhance hydration reactions and properties of cement composites, expanding their applicability. Interest has grown in the use of multifunctional composites with MWCNTs being a popular filler material to impart additional features. Dispersing MWCNTs in the cement matrix creates an electrical network and replaces pore areas to enhance cement performance. This work compares two novel methods by admicellar polymerization (AP) and grafting polymerization (GP) for preparing bifunctional MWCNTs. Both techniques utilized polyindole (PIn) to enhance electrical conductivity and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) for better dispersion. Isothermal calorimetry was used to observe the hydration of the cement composites. Results showed that AP-MWCNT/cement and GP-MWCNT/cement increased exothermic heat by 8.4% and 12.1%, respectively, compared to bare MWCNT/cement with the same nanotube content (0.3 wt%). Moreover, both modified MWCNTs improved mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. When comparing AP-MWCNTs and GP-MWCNTs in cement, AP-MWCNT/cement exhibited higher electrical conductivity, while GP-MWCNTs demonstrated superior embedding within the cement matrix, which led to a reduction in pore area and the higher mechanical strength of the two modified MWCNTs.","author":[{"family":"Onthong","given":"Suthisa"},{"family":"Hanpongpun","given":"Wilasinee"},{"family":"Sinthupinyo","given":"Sakprayut"},{"family":"Orear","given":"Edgar"},{"family":"Pongprayoon","given":"Thirawudh"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s40069-025-00812-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-025-00812-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409569314","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Advances in Carbon-Based Sensors for Food and Medical Packaging Under Transit: A Focus on Humidity, Temperature, Mechanical, and Multifunctional Sensing Technologies—A Systematic Review","abstract":"All carbon-based sensors play a critical role in ensuring the sustainability of smart packaging while enabling real-time monitoring of parameters such as humidity, temperature, pressure, and strain during transit. This systematic review covers the literature between 2013 and 16 November 2024 in the Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Wiley databases, focusing on carbon-based sensor materials, structural design, and fabrication technologies that contribute to maximizing the sensor performance and scalability with particular emphasis on food and pharmaceutical product packaging applications. After being subjected to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 164 studies were included in this review. The results show that most humidity sensors are made using graphene oxide (GO), though there is some progress toward cellulose and cellulose-based materials. Graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are predominant in temperature and mechanical sensors. The application of composites with structural design (e.g., porous and 3D structures) significantly improves sensitivity, long-term stability, and multifunctionality, whereas manufacturing methods such as spray coating and 3D printing further drive production scalability. The transition from metal to carbon-based electrodes could also reduce the cost. However, the scalability, long-term stability, and real-world validation remain challenges to be addressed. Future research should further enhance the performance and scalability of carbon-based sensors through low-energy fabrication techniques and the development of sustainable advanced materials to provide solutions for practical applications in dynamic transportation environments.","author":[{"family":"Guo","given":"Siting"},{"family":"Radecka","given":"Iza"},{"family":"Eissa","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Ivanov","given":"Evgeni"},{"family":"Stoeva","given":"Zlatka"},{"family":"Tchuenboumagaia","given":"Fideline"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma18081862","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18081862","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409999985","type":"article-journal","title":"The 2024 acoustic metamaterials roadmap","abstract":"Abstract Today, acoustic metamaterials (AMMs) form a core area of metamaterial research. They offer bespoke wave control, achievable through their rationally designed structure and are at the forefront of metamaterial applications and commercialisation. They find purpose across science and defence sectors in wave filtering, sensing, communications, energy harvesting, thermal emission control, and aeroacoustics, to name but a few. They enjoy success in metropolitan environments with designer audio and noise mitigation falling within their remit; AMM technologies are already penetrating the market across audio and healthcare sectors. The landscape of AMM research is continually expanding, now incorporating several wave regimes under a broader definition that we adopt here. The diversity of AMM research displays how they exist not only to translate electromagnetic phenomena, but also to provide a unique platform for exploring all metamaterial physics, and for solving key societal challenges. The aim of this Roadmap is to present a summary of the state of AMM research and innovation in 2024, with opinions on the challenges and future opportunities from a group of renowned experts, covering key interdisciplinary areas from fundamental acoustics to device implementation.","author":[{"family":"Chaplain","given":"GJ"},{"family":"Langfeldt","given":"Felix"},{"family":"Romerogarcía","given":"Vicente"},{"family":"Jiménez","given":"Nóe"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Boulvert","given":"J"},{"family":"Groby","given":"JP"},{"family":"Pagneux","given":"V"},{"family":"Moore","given":"DB"},{"family":"Hibbins","given":"AP"},{"family":"Sambles","given":"JR"},{"family":"Starkey","given":"TA"},{"family":"Popa","given":"BI"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Z"},{"family":"Christensen","given":"J"},{"family":"Wen","given":"X"},{"family":"Li","given":"J"},{"family":"Fleury","given":"R"},{"family":"Wallen","given":"SP"},{"family":"Haberman","given":"MR"},{"family":"Hussein","given":"MI"},{"family":"Memoli","given":"G"},{"family":"Fusaro","given":"G"},{"family":"Dorazio","given":"D"},{"family":"Barbaresi","given":"L"},{"family":"Garai","given":"M"},{"family":"Chisari","given":"L"},{"family":"Mittal","given":"P"},{"family":"Qi","given":"Z"},{"family":"Subramanian","given":"S"},{"family":"Brûlé","given":"S"},{"family":"Enoch","given":"S"},{"family":"Guenneau","given":"S"},{"family":"Stoakes","given":"R"},{"family":"Mclean","given":"C"},{"family":"Gardiner","given":"A"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1361-6463/add306","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/add306","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12155-025-10909-w","type":"article-journal","title":"Environmental Life Cycle Assessment and Techno-Economic Analysis of Textile Waste Valorization via Modular Bioenergy with Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage","abstract":"Abstract Annually, over 92 million metric tonnes (Mt) of textile waste are produced globally, with 17 Mt discarded in the US alone. Textile waste is typically comprised of approximately 50% biomass-derived cellulosic fiber and 50% fossil carbon-derived synthetic fiber, with the biogenic portion representing a global CO 2 removal capacity estimated at 75 Mt CO 2 (14 Mt CO 2 in the US alone). Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) offers a promising solution for permanently removing atmospheric CO 2 by converting biomass into energy while capturing and storing the resulting carbon emissions. Despite its potential, textile waste remains an underutilized feedstock in BECCS research and deployment. This study evaluates the techno-economic feasibility and environmental performance of small-scale modular BECCS systems that process textile waste to produce electricity and achieve net-negative emissions. Four waste-to-energy scenarios were modeled using 100% cotton or a 50/50 cotton–polyethylene terephthalate (PET) blend, with and without carbon capture. In 2018, the US EPA reported that 66% of discarded textiles were landfilled. As a result, a fifth landfilling end-of-life scenario was introduced to compare valorization scenarios to a baseline scenario. Life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic analysis (TEA) are applied to quantify levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and CO 2 removal. For 100% cotton waste, the removal cost was 329 USD per metric ton (t) CO 2 e, significantly lower than 777 USD per t-CO 2 e for 50/50 cotton-PET. The carbon removal efficiencies of 100% cotton and 50/50 cotton-PET textile waste materials were 91% and 59%, respectively. The lowest LCOE was observed for a 50/50 cotton-PET mixture with CCS at 0.17 USD/kWh, due to the relatively high energy density of the feedstock. In contrast, 100% cotton with CCS had the highest LCOE at 0.29 USD/kWh due to the lower feedstock energy density, higher capital expenditure (CAPEX), and reduced CO 2 sales, due to the lower carbon content in cotton compared to PET. In addition, the LCOE for the 50/50 cotton-PET without CCS was 0.18 USD/kWh and the LCOE for the 100% cotton without CCS was 0.24 USD/kWh. The LCA with CCS showed that direct and indirect emissions lead to high acidification potential due to ammonia release via monoethanolamine (MEA) degradation, compared to electricity production without CCS. Additionally, the production of MEA itself exhibited high ecotoxicity potential compared to other process inputs such as NaOH and activated carbon. Overall, this study demonstrated textile waste’s potential as a viable alternative for producing bioenergy and waste-derived energy. In terms of overall environmental impact, all four valorization scenarios significantly outperformed landfilling.","author":[{"family":"Morizet-Davis","given":"Jonathan"},{"family":"Qiu","given":"Yaojing"},{"family":"Khongpatimakorn","given":"June"},{"family":"Daystar","given":"Jesse"},{"family":"Lan","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Park","given":"Sunkyu"},{"family":"Sagues","given":"William"},{"family":"Venditti","given":"Richard"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s12155-025-10909-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-025-10909-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408707502","type":"article-journal","title":"Artificial intelligence for calculating and predicting building carbon emissions: a review","abstract":"Abstract The construction industry, being responsible for a large share of global carbon emissions, needs to reduce its high carbon output to meet carbon reduction goals. Artificial intelligence can provide efficient support for carbon emission calculation and prediction. Here, we review the use of artificial intelligence techniques in forecasting, management and real-time monitoring of carbon emissions, focusing on how they are applied, their impacts, and challenges. Compared to traditional methods, the prediction accuracy of artificial intelligence models has increased by 20%. Artificial intelligence-driven systems could reduce carbon emissions by up to 15% through real-time monitoring and adaptive management strategies. Artificial intelligence applications improve energy efficiency in buildings by up to 25%, while reducing operational costs by up to 10%. Artificial intelligence supports the establishment of a digital carbon management system and contributes to the development of the carbon trading market.","author":[{"family":"Hua","given":"Jianmin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ruiyi"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zimeng"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Osman","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Farghali","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Lepeng"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Ji"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiang"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Xingyang"},{"family":"Yap","given":"Pow‐seng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s10311-024-01799-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-024-01799-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406405681","type":"article-journal","title":"A mini review for hydrogen production routes toward carbon neutrality","abstract":"Abstract Hydrogen energy is essential to establishing a sustainable and reliable energy system. The continuously growing demand for hydrogen is driven by the challenges associated with greenhouse gas emissions and resource depletion. This paper investigates and summarizes some intriguing hydrogen production processes that have evolved from laboratory stages to mature commercial applications. The analysis of techno-economic, environmental effects and investment trends of these processes are included. Currently, hydrogen is dominantly produced by methods with fossil fuels as feed. These technology processes are relatively mature and account for the majority of the world's hydrogen production, around 99%. However, these results in significant carbon emissions. Around 1400 million tons of carbon dioxide are emitted into the atmosphere. To achieve carbon neutral strategy, the hydrogen production from hydrocarbon fuels needs to become clean. Equipping carbon capture, utilization, and storage system is a promising way to reduce carbon emissions. In addition, hydrogen production schemes with zero carbon emissions like electrolytic and photocatalysis are attracting increasing attention. The survey results suggest that the price of hydrogen production associated with the addition of carbon capture equipment ranges from 1.47 to 6.04 USD/kg, which is higher than the value for the price without the additional facility (1.03–2.08 USD/kg). The introduction of carbon tax is expected to narrow the cost gap between the two. Besides, the cost of electrolysis remains expensive (6.25–12.2 USD/kg), depending on the energy source and electrolytic cell equipment. The high-pressure autothermal reforming technique coupled with carbon capture and electrolytic technique powered by renewable energy are favored by global commercial investment. Finally, key challenges and opportunities for clean hydrogen production are discussed in this paper. More attention should be paid to catalyst blockage or deactivation and the cost of carbon capture equipment for fossil fuel hydrogen production. For the new zero-carbon hydrogen production method, designing efficient, economical catalysts and electrolysis materials is essential for its large-scale application.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Teng"},{"family":"Song","given":"Yihong"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiao"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Saisai"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Peng"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Chenghang"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Xiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44270-024-00004-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44270-024-00004-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407301686","type":"article-journal","title":"Biofuels from Microalgae: A Review on Microalgae Cultivation, Biodiesel Production Techniques and Storage Stability","abstract":"Rising global energy demands, depleting fossil fuel reserves, and growing environmental concerns have led to an increasing demand for clean and renewable energy sources. Recently, microalgae biofuels have emerged as a promising and sustainable energy source due to their high biomass productivity, lipid content, and wastewater treatment capabilities. However, the viability of microalgae biofuels as a commercial-scale renewable fuel remains uncertain due to high production costs and storage stability issues. This review focuses on advanced technologies aimed at enhancing both the production of microalgae biodiesel and its storage stability. It explores the potential and challenges of recent developments in microalgae cultivation systems, particularly those factors that have contributed to increased lipid content in microalgae biomass. The study also examines the role of industrial wastewater in promoting microalgae growth and provides an overview of recent advances in biodiesel production. Additionally, it discusses various strategies to improve the storage stability of biodiesel, a critical consideration for the commercialization of microalgae biodiesel.","author":[{"family":"Sharma","given":"Amit"},{"family":"Jaryal","given":"Shivangi"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Shubham"},{"family":"Dhyani","given":"Archana"},{"family":"Tewari","given":"BS"},{"family":"Mahato","given":"Neelima"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13020488","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13020488","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406368145","type":"article-journal","title":"Advances in wearable energy storage and harvesting systems","abstract":"Abstract The development of wearable energy sto rage and harvesting devices is pivotal for advancing next-generation healthcare technologies, facilitating continuous and real-time health monitoring. Traditional wearable devices have been constricted by bulky and rigid batteries, limiting their practicality and comfort. However, recent advancements in materials science have enabled the creation of flexible, stretchable, and lightweight energy storage and harvesting solutions. The integration of energy storage and harvesting technologies is essential for developing self-sustaining systems that minimize reliance on external power sources and enhance device longevity. These integrated systems ensure the continuous operation of sensors and processors vital for real-time health monitoring. This review examines recent significant progress in wearable energy storage and harvesting, focusing on the latest advancements in wearable devices, solar cells, biofuel cells, triboelectric nanogenerators, magnetoelastic gene rators, supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, and zinc-ion batteries. It also discusses key parameters crucial for their wearable applications, such as energy density, power density, and durability. Finally, the review addresses future challenges and prospects in this rapidly evolving field, underscoring the potential for developing innovative, self-powered wearable systems for healthcare applications. Graphical Abstract","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Qiang"},{"family":"Das","given":"Soham"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Liang"},{"family":"Wan","given":"Jiayu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44258-024-00048-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44258-024-00048-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406421279","type":"article-journal","title":"Waste-to-carbon-based supercapacitors for renewable energy storage: progress and future perspectives","abstract":"Abstract The increasing demand for cost-effective materials for energy storage devices has prompted investigations into diverse waste derived electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs) application. This review examines advancements in converting waste into carbon-based SCs for renewable energy storage. In this context, different carbon-based waste precursor sources have been explored over the years as electrodes in SCs. These waste sources comprise of industrial, plastics and biowastes, including plant and animal wastes. The energy storage capabilities of the various waste derived SCs electrodes are highlighted to provide an understanding into the unique features that make them applicable to SCs. In addition, some challenges associated with the waste-derived SCs electrodes in terms of energy storage have been emphasized. Here, we also provided insights into the recent progress in SCs electrode synthesis techniques and their effects on electrochemical performance. SCs performance tailoring with material structures through the incorporation of different materials to form composites and optimized synthesis methods is an effective strategy. Hence, the synthesis methods outlined include pyrolysis, hydrothermal, microwave-assisted, template-assisted, and sol–gel techniques. The effect of the various synthesis methods on SCs performance has also been discussed. Overall, this review highlights waste valorization with future research directions and scaling challenges.","author":[{"family":"Dzikunu","given":"Perseverance"},{"family":"Appiah","given":"Eugene"},{"family":"Arthur","given":"Emmanuel"},{"family":"Akinwamide","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Gikunoo","given":"Emmanuel"},{"family":"Fangnon","given":"Eric"},{"family":"Mensahdarkwa","given":"Kwadwo"},{"family":"Andrews","given":"Anthony"},{"family":"Vilaça","given":"Pedro"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40243-024-00285-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40243-024-00285-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40518-026-00287-y","type":"article-journal","title":"Designing a Policy Mechanism for Long-Duration Energy Storage: The British Experience.","abstract":"Purpose of review: The UK parliament recently introduced a cap-and-floor mechanism for net revenues of Long-Duration Energy Storage in Great Britain (GB). The article summarizes learnings from the UK proceedings around four questions: (a) What drives the need for LDES? (b) What are the barriers to LDES deployment in GB? (c) Which options could mitigate these barriers? (d) What are the key design choices for the cap-and-floor mechanism? Recent findings: GB evidence indicates that (1) energy shifting over long timeframes and security-of-supply benefits drive LDES needs; (2) revenue uncertainty is the primary barrier; and (3) a cap-and-floor mechanism could mitigate investment risk. Summary: Evidence on LDES needs is extensive, whereas analysis of barriers, their impact on investment, and the effects of alternative policies and cap-and-floor designs remains limited. Further research could address this gap and contribute insights into the interplay of long-term contracts and short-term markets in hybrid electricity markets for deeply decarbonized power systems.","author":[{"family":"Spyrou","given":"Elina"},{"family":"Suski","given":"Adam"},{"family":"Green","given":"Richard"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40518-026-00287-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40518-026-00287-y","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.3390/polym18091129","type":"article-journal","title":"Bifunctional Poly(ionic liquid) Membranes for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Utilization.","abstract":"In this study, the task of integrating capture and conversion of CO2 into a single material platform is realized by developing bifunctional membranes based on polymer ionic liquids (PILs). The novelty of this work lies in the fabrication and comprehensive evaluation of PIL-based membrane materials that combine catalytic activity toward CO2 conversion with gas separation performance within one material system. In contrast to most previously reported imidazolium-based PILs, which have mainly been considered either as catalysts or as membrane materials, the present approach focuses on their dual functionality under both catalytic and gas transport conditions. A series of imidazolium-based PILs, including homopolymers and block copolymers with polystyrene, were synthesized. The materials were characterized to determine their catalytic activity during the cycloaddition of CO2 to epichlorohydrin and to determine their gas transport properties using pure gases (N2, O2, CO2) and a simulated dry flue gas mixture; membrane morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Block copolymers exhibited higher catalytic conversions (up to 82.7%) than homopolymers, with selectivities above 93%. Chloride-containing block copolymers gave the best combination of CO2 permeability (up to 7.5 Barrer) and CO2/N2 selectivity (18–22) under mixed-gas conditions. Iodide-containing analogs demonstrated higher selectivity (up to 30) but lower CO2 permeability. Morphological analysis confirmed the presence of dense, defect-free structures in materials with the chloride anion, while materials with the iodide anion showed increased free volume and microheterogeneity. These results indicate that by altering the polymer and anion architecture, PIL-based membranes can effectively combine catalytic activity with selective CO2 transport, providing a promising avenue for enhancing carbon capture and utilization processes.","author":[{"family":"Atlaskina","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Smorodin","given":"Kirill"},{"family":"Kryuchkov","given":"Sergey"},{"family":"Atlaskin","given":"Artem"},{"family":"Lukashov","given":"Nikolay"},{"family":"Petukhov","given":"Anton"},{"family":"Vorotyntsev","given":"Andrey"},{"family":"Vorotyntsev","given":"Ilya"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/polym18091129","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18091129","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W7134063526","type":"article-journal","title":"Mechanisms, Processes, and Climate Change Responses of Carbon Cycling in Chinese Subtropical Forest Ecosystems","abstract":"Subtropical forest ecosystems, especially evergreen broad-leaved forests in the East Asian monsoon region, are a crucial component of the global terrestrial carbon cycle and make a key contribution to the “missing carbon sequestration” in the Northern Hemisphere. This review systematically integrates recent research progress on the carbon pool patterns, aboveground-subsurface biogeochemical processes, and global change responses of subtropical forests, summarizing the potential mechanisms of their sustainable carbon sequestration capacity and identifying current cognitive bottlenecks. Studies have shown that subtropical mature forests have carbon sequestration potential that exceeds traditional theoretical expectations, but there are still significant shortcomings in terms of carbon stability in deep soil (>1 m), quantitative constraints on rhizosphere activating effects, and assessment of ecosystem resilience under extreme climate events. Furthermore, the nonlinear interactions between factors such as climate warming, precipitation changes, and nitrogen deposition may trigger a critical turning point in carbon sink functions, and the water-carbon-geological coupling processes in special habitats such as karst and mangrove forests are often underestimated. We further propose that future research should focus on developing coupled models of “plant–soil–microbe hydrology”, combining molecular and isotopic techniques to elucidate microbial carbon pump mechanisms and strengthening long-term in situ experiments under combined extreme events to provide scientific support for subtropical forest carbon sink management and prediction.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Yirui"},{"family":"Chai","given":"Yitian"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Xuekun"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Huawei"},{"family":"He","given":"Jiaxi"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Yixin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhiwei"},{"family":"Ni","given":"Zelong"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Yongjun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/f17030330","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f17030330","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131649568","type":"article-journal","title":"The forest carbon paradox: novel insights into China’s forest-economy-emissions relationships","abstract":"Forest-climate-economy relationships present critical challenges for climate mitigation in rapidly developing economies. While forests are traditionally viewed as carbon sinks, their effectiveness as tradable carbon products remains difficult to quantify in the near term due to time lags and scale mismatch with energy-driven emissions dynamics. This study examines these relationships in China using data from 30 provinces (from 2000 to 2019). Using LSTM-MLP hybrid models and multispatial Convergent Cross Mapping, we reveal what we term the “forest carbon paradox”: despite China’s extensive afforestation efforts increasing forest coverage significantly, these initiatives demonstrate limited immediate impact on CO₂ emissions and GDP trajectories. Energy consumption variables, particularly electricity and natural gas, consistently emerged as the dominant drivers of both emissions and economic growth, while forest coverage showed minimal predictive power in our models. Causal analysis revealed asymmetric relationships: CO₂ emissions strongly influenced forest coverage (0.88) versus weaker reverse effects (0.49), suggesting policy-driven afforestation responses rather than direct ecological feedback mechanisms. These findings highlight the need for paradigm shifts in forest carbon valuation strategies that account for temporal complexities in forest-economy-emissions relationships.","author":[{"family":"Sheng","given":"Zhelin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"KY"},{"family":"Ling","given":"Chen"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Wenjuan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zihan"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Chuanxin"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Changlei"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Keyi"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Han","given":"Jiangang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s44168-026-00350-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44168-026-00350-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7127174109","type":"article-journal","title":"Beyond Antibiotics: Therapeutic Strategies Utilizing Probiotics and Bacteriophages Against Drug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus","abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus, as a critical zoonotic and foodborne pathogen, not only triggers public health threats such as food poisoning but also acts as a leading cause of diverse clinical infections, including skin infections, pneumonia, and endocarditis. Confronted with the growing crisis of multidrug resistance in S. aureus, both phage therapy and probiotic therapy have emerged as promising alternative biological strategies; however, the current literature predominantly examines them in isolation. This review therefore aims to delineate the contemporary therapeutic challenges of drug-resistant S. aureus and to systematically compare the mechanisms and clinical translation of phages and probiotics within an integrated analytical framework. We first outline the current therapy landscape, then present side by side the molecular inhibitory mechanisms and clinical progress of both approaches, followed by a comparative analysis of their antibacterial mechanisms, clinical efficacy, and industrial challenges. Through this consolidated perspective, the review not only clarifies the distinct strengths and limitations of each strategy but also seeks to provide researchers and clinicians with a comprehensive mechanistic and evidence-based reference for developing novel antibacterial technologies and designing innovative therapeutic regimens. Ultimately, it highlights potential synergies between phages and probiotics, offering a forward-looking roadmap to overcome S. aureus resistance and advance personalized combinatorial therapies.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Miao"},{"family":"Rong","given":"Dongli"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Ling"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Shuzhen"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Yongcheng"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Jingsha"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Youxiong"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Xianhu"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xia"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Qingping"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/microorganisms14020344","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14020344","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412506684","type":"article-journal","title":"Tuning Electronic and Pore Structures of Biochar via Nitrogen and Magnesium Doping for Superior Methylene Blue Adsorption: Synergistic Mechanisms and Kinetic Analysis","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Developing high-performance porous biochar materials aims to meet the growing demand for efficient adsorbent solutions in addressing environmental pollution issues, such as dye wastewater treatment. In this study, Lycium chinensis stalks were utilized as a precursor, and high-temperature pyrolysis was employed to incorporate nitrogen and magnesium (Mg) ions, resulting in the production of effective porous biochars designated as GPC-N and GPC-Mg. The surface morphology and physicochemical properties of these activated carbons were characterized using various techniques including Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicate that, under a mass ratio of 1:2.5 for Lycium chinensis stalks to H 3 PO 4, the optimal preparation conditions for magnesium-modified activated carbon (GPC-Mg) involve a GPC-to-Mg chloride mass ratio of 1:0.75, a holding time of 1 h, and a pyrolysis temperature of 800 °C. For ammonium chloride-modified activated carbon (GPC-N), the optimal preparation conditions consist of a GPC-to-ammonium chloride mass ratio of 1:3, a holding time of 1.5 h, and a pyrolysis temperature of 900 °C. The specific surface areas of GPC-Mg and GPC-N are 281.53 m 2 /g and 730.63 m 2 /g, respectively, with total pore volumes of 0.20 cm 3 /g and 0.41 cm 3 /g, and average pore diameters of 4.82 and 4.03 nm, respectively. Both materials are biomass-derived activated carbons predominantly characterized by mesoporous structures. Notably, GPC-N displayed a higher adsorption capacity for methylene blue at 496.53 mg/g, significantly surpassing that of GPC-Mg at 48.06 mg/g. The GPC-N biochar underwent in situ nitrogen doping that significantly reconstructed the electronic structure of the carbon matrix, forming abundant nitrogen-containing functional groups, primarily pyridinic nitrogen. In contrast, GPC-Mg optimized its pore structure through the template effect induced by magnesium ions; however, it exhibited a lower density of surface active chemical sites compared to GPC-N. Consequently, the nitrogen-doped biochar demonstrated superior surface area and chemical morphology. The adsorption process was best described by Langmuir isotherm models along with pseudo-second-order kinetic models and intraparticle diffusion models. These findings indicate that chemical adsorption serves as the primary mechanism involved in this process while highlighting synergistic effects between surface adsorption and pore diffusion during adsorption. This research provides both theoretical foundations and technical support for designing high-performance biochar materials with significant potential applications in dye wastewater treatment.","author":[{"family":"Ren","given":"Yanjiao"},{"family":"Geng","given":"Wandong"},{"family":"Rong-Sheng","given":"Xu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ping"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Huanping"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c02636","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c02636","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7117834043","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessment of the Portuguese Forest Potential for Biogenic Carbon Production and Global Research Trends","abstract":"Forests play a central role in climate change mitigation by acting as biogenic carbon reservoirs and providing renewable biomass for energy systems. In Portugal, where fire-prone landscapes and species composition dynamics pose increasing management challenges, understanding the carbon storage potential of forest biomass is crucial for designing effective decarbonization strategies. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of the Portuguese forest and quantifies the biogenic carbon stored in live and dead biomass across the main forest species. Species-specific carbon contents, rather than the conventional 50% assumption widely used in the literature, were applied to National Forest Inventory data, enabling more realistic and representative carbon stock estimates expressed in kilotonnes of CO2 equivalent. While the approach relies on inventory-based biomass data and literature-derived carbon fractions and is therefore subject to associated uncertainties, it provides an improved representation of species-level carbon storage at the national scale. Results show that Pinus pinaster, Eucalyptus globulus, and Quercus suber together represent the largest share of carbon storage, with approximately 300,000 kilotonnes of CO2 equivalent retained in living trees. Wood is the dominant carbon pool, but roots and branches also account for a substantial fraction, emphasizing the need to consider both above- and below-ground biomass in carbon accounting. In parallel, a bibliometric analysis based on the systematic evaluation of scientific publications was conducted to characterize the evolution, thematic focus, and geographic distribution of global research on forest-based biogenic carbon. This analysis reveals a rapidly expanding scientific interest in biogenic carbon, particularly since 2020, reflecting its growing relevance in climate change mitigation frameworks. Overall, the results underscore both the strategic importance of Portuguese forests and the alignment of this research with the broader international scientific agenda on forest-based biogenic carbon.","author":[{"family":"Ferreira","given":"Tânia"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"José"},{"family":"Pereira","given":"João"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/f17010063","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010063","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155090464","type":"article-journal","title":"Soil carbon residence time regulates the age of dissolved organic matter in global rivers","abstract":"ABSTRACT Riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) constitutes a pivotal component in the Earth’s carbon cycle, yet little is known about the global patterns, sources, and factors governing lotic DOC. Here, we integrate a global dataset and employ machine learning to generate a global atlas of riverine DOC concentration and its radiocarbon (Δ14C) and stable-carbon (δ13C) isotopic signatures. Globally, riverine DOC has an average Δ14C value of –22.5‰ ± 144.0‰ (radiocarbon age of 221 years), with fossil carbon contributing a minor fraction (6.7% ± 3.0%). Terrestrial and autochthonous riverine production are the dominant DOC sources (>80%) at the global scale, with contemporary terrestrial DOC predominant in tropical rivers and within-river production prominent in those within temperate and semi-arid regions. Rivers draining high-latitude regions and high-elevation sites have the lowest Δ14C values (–353‰ to –78‰; ages between 3400 and 600 years). River Δ14C-DOC values correlate with soil organic carbon Δ14C values, but river DOC has much higher Δ14C values than subsurface soils indicating that riverine DOC originates from surface rather than subsurface soils. Because warming mobilizes aged organic carbon from permafrost soils, export to and processing of old carbon in recipient aquatic systems may accelerate with climate change.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Zhaohui"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yongqiang"},{"family":"Rocherros","given":"Gerard"},{"family":"Dean","given":"Joshua"},{"family":"Middelburg","given":"Jack"},{"family":"Regnier","given":"Pierre"},{"family":"Karlsson","given":"Jan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"L"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Weipeng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Chenglong"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jianjun"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yunlin"},{"family":"Woolway","given":"RI"},{"family":"Drake","given":"Travis"},{"family":"Spencer","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Leavitt","given":"Peter"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1093/nsr/nwag237","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwag237","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7114989590","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing Transportation and Storage Design for CO 2 Geological Sequestration Using Multiobjective Optimization and Nodal Analysis: A Case Study From the Gunsan Basin, South Korea","abstract":"This study presents a front‐end engineering design (FEED) methodology for an integrated CO 2 transport–injection–storage system, utilizing multiobjective optimization (MOO) and nodal analysis. The methodology’s performance is validated through a carbon capture and storage (CCS) demonstration project in the Gunsan Basin (GB), South Korea. This approach employs the dynamic inflow performance relationship (IPR)−outflow performance relationship (OPR) technique, applying it to the FEED of the CO 2 transport–injection–storage system to enable CO 2 injection into a saline aquifer via a single injection well connected through an onshore hub terminal and a subsea pipeline. By adjusting decision variables (CO 2 discharge pressure at the onshore hub terminal, pipeline diameter, tubing diameter, and CO 2 temperature at the wellhead), three objectives (CO 2 storage capacity, safety, and economic benefit) are optimized through MOO, identifying the Pareto‐optimal front (POF) among objective functions. These trade‐off solutions provide reliable ranges for the four decision variables used in the nodal analysis, which considers real‐time pressure and temperature variations in the system during CO 2 injection, along with the associated facility qualifications and operating conditions. This analysis determines the IPR−OPR at the bottom of the injection well and the corresponding pressure–flowrate, defining the practical FEED scope for the integrated CO 2 transport–injection–storage system. By integrating optimal solutions from both MOO and nodal analysis, the study identifies the final nondominated solutions for efficient and stable CO 2 geological storage. The proposed methodology offers decision‐makers robust scenarios for facility qualifications and operating conditions, considering CO 2 storage capacity, safety, and economic efficiency at the FEED stage of a CCS demonstration project.","author":[{"family":"Kim","given":"Tea"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Kyoung"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Yeon"},{"family":"Jo","given":"Suryeom"},{"family":"Choi","given":"Suin"},{"family":"Min","given":"Baehyun"},{"family":"Choi","given":"Byungin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/er/6686996","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/6686996","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128159932","type":"article-journal","title":"Copper-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Sustainable Catalysis: Mechanistic Insights, Stability, and Emerging Research Directions","abstract":"Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a versatile class of porous crystalline materials due to their tunable structures, large surface areas, and diverse functionalities. Among them, copper-based MOFs (Cu-MOFs) are of particular interest because of the redox activity of copper centers, flexible coordination chemistry, and high affinity for various organic linkers. These features make Cu-MOFs promising candidates for a wide range of applications spanning catalysis, energy conversion and storage, and chemical sensing. This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis and design strategies of Cu-MOFs, including conventional solvothermal and hydrothermal routes, microwave- and sonochemical-assisted methods, electrochemical synthesis, and postsynthetic modifications. Particular emphasis is placed on the ability of these synthetic approaches to tune particle size, morphology, porosity, and stability, which, in turn, dictate their functional performance. The catalytic applications of Cu-MOFs are critically examined, with a focus on photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and heterogeneous catalytic processes for pollutant degradation, hydrogen production, and carbon dioxide reduction. In the context of energy storage, the integration of Cu-MOFs into supercapacitors and batteries is discussed, highlighting their roles in enhancing the capacity, conductivity, and cycling stability. Furthermore, the potential of Cu-MOFs as sensitive and selective sensing platforms for gases, biomolecules, and environmental pollutants is explored, underscoring their versatility beyond catalytic applications. Despite rapid progress, key challenges remain in scaling up the synthesis, ensuring long-term structural stability, and integrating Cu-MOFs into practical devices. Future research directions include the development of cost-effective green synthesis methods, hybrid composite materials with enhanced conductivity, and defect and interface engineering to tailor activity and durability. Overall, Cu-MOFs represent a highly adaptable platform whose continued advancement may significantly impact sustainable energy technologies, environmental remediation, and next-generation sensing systems.","author":[{"family":"Chandra","given":"Prakash"},{"family":"Sahoo","given":"Sameeta"},{"family":"Pandey","given":"Pradeep"},{"family":"Dey","given":"Ratan"},{"family":"Biswal","given":"Ranjita"},{"family":"Pati","given":"Dinesh"},{"family":"Tiwari","given":"Karunesh"},{"family":"Chakraborty","given":"Chandra"},{"family":"Chakroborty","given":"Subhendu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c10345","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c10345","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414081474","type":"article-journal","title":"Electrocatalytic Conversion of Renewable Electricity—What Molecules are More Promising as Energy Storage Media?","abstract":"An analysis is conducted with the intention to clarify which molecules are more promising as renewable electricity storage media, taking into consideration some basic parameters like theoretical and practical voltage, theoretical energy density, etc. The central aspect of analysis is to apply sufficiently simple, but relevant criterion, the minimum cost of electricity required to produce a specific quantity of chemical energy storage medium, in relation to the prevailing market prices of the produced chemicals. Therefore, the study analyzes the cost of electrical energy needed to selectively convert CO 2 into specific molecules such as, CO, CH 3 OH, and CH 4 , among others, water into hydrogen, and nitrogen into ammonia, by considering both idealized and more realistic operational conditions. The results show that in the case of energy carriers that are too expensive to be generated under idealized conditions, further detailed analysis of other production factors is inconsequential. The production of hydrogen, formic acid, and syngas (CO and H 2 ) as energy carriers is economically feasible under realistic operational conditions. It is also conceivable that further electricity‐to‐chemical conversion efficiency gains can be realized for these molecules thus underscoring the need for their prioritization.","author":[{"family":"Johny","given":"Jacob"},{"family":"Elrefaei","given":"Sayed"},{"family":"Masa","given":"Justus"},{"family":"Žeradjanin","given":"Aleksandar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/tcr.202500012","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.202500012","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7153160458","type":"article-journal","title":"Electrokinetics of organic-inorganic composite materials for electrocatalysis and energy storage","abstract":"Abstract Electrokinetics, which explores charge transfer and mass transport under electric fields, has emerged as a vital domain in advancing energy storage and electrocatalysis. The integration of organic and inorganic components into composite materials offers unique opportunities to optimize electrokinetic properties, leveraging the structural stability and conductivity of inorganic phases alongside the functional diversity of organic elements. These synergies enhance charge transfer, ionic mobility, and catalytic activity, making these composites indispensable in applications such as batteries, fuel cells, and electrocatalytic systems. This review explores the intersection of electrokinetic phenomena and organic-inorganic composite materials, focusing on their fundamental principles, design strategies, and performance optimization. Emphasis is placed on advanced materials, including metal-organic frameworks, organic-carbon hybrids, and single-atom catalysts, and their applications such as energy storage, wearable devices and electrocatalysis. The review highlights advanced in situ and operando techniques for probing electrokinetic processes, shedding light on the interplay between structure, interface, and transport dynamics. By bridging the gap between electrokinetic theory and material design, this work aims to provide insights into the development of next-generation materials for sustainable energy technologies.","author":[{"family":"Xia","given":"Tianlai"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Yaoti"},{"family":"Geng","given":"Xiaodong"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Nan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Fengwang"},{"family":"Xue","given":"Mianqi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40843-025-3994-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-025-3994-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413416047","type":"article-journal","title":"Multifactorial Analysis of Defects in Oil Storage Tanks: Implications for Structural Performance and Safety","abstract":"This article investigates the combined effects of different common defects on the structural integrity and operational and environmental safety in the operation of an existing Light Cycle Oil (LCO) storage tank. This study correlates all the tank defects (like corrosion and local plate thinning, deformations, and local stress concentrators) against the loads and their combinations that occur during the tank’s lifetime. All the information gathered by various inspection techniques is used together to create a digital twin of the equipment that will be further analyzed by Finite Element Analysis. A tank condition assessment is a complex activity, and it is based on the experience of the engineer performing it. Since there are multiple methods for performing a comprehensive analysis, starting from the basic visual inspection (which is the most important) and some measurements followed by analytical calculations, up to full wall thickness measurements, 3D scan of deformations and FEA analysis of the tank digital twin, it depends on the engineer performing the evaluation to chose the best method for each particular case from technical and economical point of views. The goal of this article is to demonstrate that analytical and FEA methods have the same result and also to establish a well-determined standard calculation model for future applications.","author":[{"family":"Stoicescu","given":"Alexandru"},{"family":"Rîpeanu","given":"Răzvan"},{"family":"Tănase","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Ilincă","given":"Costin"},{"family":"Toader","given":"Liviu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13082575","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082575","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7152074629","type":"article-journal","title":"Decoding China’s success in balancing carbon, water, and soil synergies in ecosystem restoration","abstract":"Ecosystem restoration is central to achieving sustainability goals, yet reconciling trade-offs between carbon sequestration, water security, and soil erosion regulation remains a critical challenge. Here, we leverage China’s large-scale Ecological Restoration Programs (ERPs) by combining 1-km fine-scale remote sensing data with biophysical modeling from 2000 to 2020. Our analysis demonstrates that ERPs substantially enhanced carbon sequestration, with gains exceeding 80% in some regions, but triggered spatially divergent water-soil trade-offs. While grid-scale analyses showed predominant widespread synergies of 64–75% coverage, county-scale assessments revealed trade-offs in 32% of regions, linked to climatic gradients and land-use pressures. We identified three strategic intervention points that successfully transformed trade-offs into synergies. Collectively, we provide a transferable ‘Spatial-Temporal-Policy Priority’ framework for optimizing restoration outcomes, offering a blueprint for aligning climate and sustainable development goals in global restoration initiatives. Large-scale ecological restoration in China increased carbon sequestration by over 80% but produced spatially divergent water-soil trade-offs and synergies shaped by climate and land use pressures, based on fine-scale remote sensing and biophysical modelling across the 2000–2020 policy phases.","author":[{"family":"Huang","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Qianxin"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Jinwei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s43247-026-03421-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03421-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7141524107","type":"article-journal","title":"Metal–Hydrogen Batteries and Decoupled Electrolyzers: Converging Pathways for Hydrogen-Integrated Energy Storage","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Electrochemical energy storage and hydrogen conversion have historically been developed as separate technologies, yet their chemistries and engineering challenges overlap profoundly. Metal–hydrogen (M–H 2 ) batteries and redox-mediated, membrane-free electrolyzers both rely on reversible hydrogen redox chemistry in aqueous or hybrid electrolytes. This Perspective examines how these systems, once considered distinct, are converging at the level of redox chemistry, materials challenges, and benchmarking needs while retaining distinct architectures and engineering constraints for dispatchable, long-duration energy storage. It summarizes benchmark metrics for each platform, identifies shared scientific foundations, and outlines design principles for mediators, electrodes, and interfaces. Emphasis is placed on best practices for standardized testing and reporting, cross-disciplinary benchmarking, and near-term research directions. By viewing M–H 2 batteries and decoupled electrolyzers as complementary elements rather than competitors, it becomes possible to envision a cohesive hydrogen-integrated energy infrastructure spanning seconds-to-seasons storage.","author":[{"family":"Sanchez-Cupido","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Acebedo","given":"Begoña"},{"family":"Ortiz-Vitoriano","given":"Nagore"},{"family":"Rodríguez","given":"Paramaconi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c03575","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c03575","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7134922830","type":"article-journal","title":"Progress of carbon-based catalysts for biomass tar reforming: a review","abstract":"Tar formation remains a major bottleneck for the sustainable utilization of biomass gasification, and catalytic reforming is an effective route for tar conversion. Among various catalyst systems, carbon-based catalysts exhibit unique advantages due to their tunable pore structures, adjustable surface chemistry, and intrinsic electrical conductivity. Unlike non-carbon supports, conductive carbon matrices actively regulate coke evolution by facilitating electron transfer at metal-carbon interfaces, thereby promoting carbon dissolution-precipitation pathways and the transformation of amorphous coke into ordered graphitic structures. This distinctive 'coke management' behavior mitigates active-site encapsulation and directly links electrical conductivity to catalyst stability and long-term reforming performance. Based on structural controllability and functional mechanisms, carbon-based catalysts can be classified into two categories: conventional carbon catalysts (e.g., biochar and coal char), which are low-cost and readily available but exhibit structural heterogeneity, and advanced carbon catalysts (e.g., MOFs-derived carbons, carbon nanotubes, and graphene-based materials), which possess ordered pore networks, well-defined metal-support interactions, and highly graphitized conductive frameworks. While conventional carbons are attractive for large-scale application, their disordered microstructures limit precise control over mass transfer, metal dispersion, and coke evolution. In contrast, advanced carbon materials provide model platforms to elucidate structure-activity-stability relationships and to establish transferable design principles. This review integrates recent progress in both catalyst classes, emphasizing how insights from advanced carbon systems can guide the targeted modification of conventional carbons, and proposes a unified framework linking conductivity, coke behavior, and durability for the rational design of efficient and stable carbon-based catalysts for biomass tar reforming.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Guanyi"},{"family":"Xue","given":"Ziwei"},{"family":"Che","given":"Yuechi"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Beibei"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Xiaoqiang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.48130/scm-0026-0007","URL":"https://doi.org/10.48130/scm-0026-0007","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7162761321","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-carbon optimization of hydrogen-integrated energy systems with coordinated P2G–CCS and integrated demand response","abstract":"The escalating severity of global carbon emissions has intensified the demand for low-carbon operation of integrated energy systems (IES). Hydrogen-integrated energy systems (hydrogen-IES), enabled by multi-energy coupling and cross-sector flexibility, represent a promising pathway for deep decarbonization in industrial energy systems. This paper proposes a low-carbon optimization framework for hydrogen-IES by coordinating power-to-gas (P2G) and carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies with integrated demand response (IDR). To enhance renewable energy utilization and reduce carbon intensity, a multi-hydrogen supply strategy is developed in which green hydrogen partially replaces conventional gray hydrogen, while carbon recycling is achieved through coordinated P2G–CCS operation. Meanwhile, a staged integrated demand response mechanism is introduced to jointly coordinate electricity, heating, and cooling loads by combining price-based demand response with incentive-based programs, thereby improving system flexibility under high renewable penetration. A coastal industrial park is employed as a case study to evaluate the economic and environmental performance of the proposed framework. The model is calibrated using representative industrial-park load profiles, equipment parameters, and market coefficients, and is validated through energy-balance checks, component-limit checks, scenario consistency analysis, and parameter sensitivity analysis. Simulation results demonstrate that, under a realistic multi-hydrogen-supply configuration with coordinated P2G–CCS operation and integrated demand response, the proposed approach reduces carbon emissions by more than 50% and total system cost by approximately 24%, while significantly improving renewable energy accommodation. These findings highlight that the synergistic coordination of P2G–CCS and staged demand response enables a structurally efficient pathway to jointly optimize carbon mitigation, economic performance, and renewable energy integration in hydrogen-IES.","author":[{"family":"Dong","given":"Rui"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xuefei"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hongjie"},{"family":"Song","given":"Yuanyuan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Runzhi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fenrg.2026.1814200","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2026.1814200","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7140829834","type":"article-journal","title":"High-temperature thermochemical energy storage via reversible fluid-phase based cycles: A review","abstract":"Thermochemical energy storage (TCES) is a promising approach for long-duration, high-energy-density thermal storage in renewable energy systems, particularly for high-temperature ( > 400 ∘ C) applications such as concentrated solar power (CSP) and industrial processes. This review critically evaluates three pivotal reversible chemical pathways: sulfur/ H 2 SO 4 –, ammonia ( NH 3 ) cracking/synthesis–, and methane ( CH 4 ) reforming/methanation–based cycles. Unlike other TCES systems, these pathways offer a dual-purpose framework that integrates energy storage with the synthesis of high-value chemical commodities, thereby enhancing the overall economic viability of the plant. The CH 4 and NH 3 systems predominantly involve homogeneous gas-phase or gas–liquid processes, while sulfur-based cycles span gaseous, liquid, and fluid particle phases. The operating principles, reaction mechanisms, and catalytic requirements for each system are systematically analyzed, followed by a review of recent component and system-level developments. A rigorous comparative assessment of these cycles is provided based on key performance indicators, including operating temperature ranges, energy densities, cost and efficiencies. Additionally, this review explores environmental impacts and policy considerations. Finally, this paper underscores the technical challenges—such as multi-phase material handling and high-temperature corrosion—and proposes research directions to advance these technologies for sustainable energy and chemical co-production. • Chronological overview of advancements in gas-gas based high temperature thermochemical energy storage technology. • Detailed explanation of the working principles for thermochemical energy storage and sustainable chemical/fuel production. • Review of completed and ongoing pilot- and demonstration-scale projects for gas-gas TCES and chemical production systems. • Analysis of key challenges in scaling up the technology, along with prospects and practical recommendations.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiaoqiang"},{"family":"Qiao","given":"Geng"},{"family":"Chaomurilige"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zongkun"},{"family":"Han","given":"Xingchao"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Tongtong"},{"family":"Ding","given":"Yulong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.127704","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.127704","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125064468","type":"article-journal","title":"Explainable Predictive Modelling of Sustainable Slag–Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete with Life Cycle and Carbon-Neutrality Assessment","abstract":"This study proposes a novel, unified framework integrating scientometric analysis, machine learning (ML), explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), and cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate and predict the performance of slag-fly ash-based geopolymer concrete (SFGPC). A scientometric review of 441 publications (2009–2025) guided the systematic assembly of a dataset comprising 363 SFGPC mixes. Five ML models were trained to predict compressive strength (fc), with Gradient Boosting (GB) achieving the highest accuracy, yielding R2 = 0.954, RMSE = 3.15 MPa, MAE = 1.81 MPa during training, and R2 = 0.95, RMSE = 3.128 MPa, MAE = 2.41 MPa during testing. Multi-layered XAI analysis identified age, slag content, and alkaline-to-binder ratio as the most influential parameters and revealed governing nonlinear interactions. Sustainability assessment showed that the fly ash-dominant mix exhibited the lowest global warming potential (156 kg CO2-eq/m3), the most favourable sustainability index, and the smallest residual emissions after a 25% carbon offset. A user-oriented graphical user interface (GUI) was developed for real-time strength prediction. The novelty of this work lies in introducing an explainable, data-driven, and sustainability-integrated decision-support system for designing transparent and low-carbon geopolymer concretes.","author":[{"family":"Ansari","given":"Mohd"},{"family":"Ansari","given":"Saad"},{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Syed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.53941/bci.2026.100004","URL":"https://doi.org/10.53941/bci.2026.100004","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7161308496","type":"article-journal","title":"Toward sustainable and low-carbon industrial transformation: Insights from industrial green microgrids","abstract":"Driven by global carbon neutrality goals, Industrial Green Microgrids (IGMs) have emerged as a key pathway to accelerate the low-carbon transformation of the industrial sector. This paper makes four original contributions. First, it traces the conceptual evolution of microgrids over the past two decades and identifies four essential characteristics of IGMs, establishing a representative system architecture based on Source-Network-Load-Storage (SNLS) coordination. Second, drawing on an analysis of 19 recent demonstration projects from the world’s largest industrial market (China), it proposes a novel classification of IGM application scenarios into three types: comprehensive energy utilization, continuous processing, and discrete manufacturing. Third, to bridge the gap between conceptual design and practical deployment, it establishes a generalized design framework for IGM systems covering the planning, operation, and control phases, complemented by a systematic review of key enabling technologies and associated technical challenges across the SNLS segments. Finally, it discusses development pathways, mechanism designs, and future research priorities for IGMs, using China’s extensive deployment as a reference. The insights presented aim to provide both theoretical foundations and practical guidance for researchers and policymakers worldwide seeking to promote systemic innovation and the large-scale deployment of IGMs. • The core concept and four essential characteristics of IGMs are identified. • An SNLS-based IGM architecture endogenizing industrial process kinetics is proposed. • Three representative IGM scenarios and their sector-specific bottlenecks are summarized. • A design framework and key enabling technologies for IGMs are systematically elucidated. • Development pathways and policy mechanisms for achieving industrial decarbonization are proposed.","author":[{"family":"Xi","given":"Yufei"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xinyi"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Meng"},{"family":"Lestas","given":"Ioannis"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Fashun"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Kaidi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128055","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128055","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125956645","type":"manuscript","title":"A Scale-Consistent Adsorption Model for Polymer-Based Adsorbents in Direct Air Capture","abstract":"Energy-efficient and cost-effective Direct Air Capture of CO2 is considered key for carbon dioxide removal and carbon capture and utilization. However, separating CO2 from air is inherently challenging due to its low concentration and fluctuating humidity levels. Polymer-based chemisorbents combine good selectivity and capacity and are currently regarded as state-of-the-art benchmark materials. Nevertheless, their complex interactions with water complicate both experimental characterization and predictive modeling. We introduce a modeling framework that combines flexibility in contactor geometry and accurate reproduction of the physical phenomena observed for the amine-functionalized resin Lewatit VP OC 1065 under varying humidity conditions. A multi-porosity description coupled with a dual-kinetic adsorption mechanism captures the size-and humidity-dependency of material properties and provides a comprehensive tool for experimental characterization and model-based design. The framework enables the analysis of breakthrough experiments in pellet beds and allows results to be transferred in a scale-consistent manner to structured monoliths considered for next-generation adsorbers.","author":[{"family":"Bellussi","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Ziemiański","given":"Paweł"},{"family":"Sadykov","given":"Ilia"},{"family":"Galmarini","given":"Sandra"},{"family":"Kiefer","given":"Florian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.26434/chemrxiv.10001665/v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.10001665/v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407798446","type":"article-journal","title":"Advanced Characterization Techniques for Probing Redox Reaction Mechanisms in High‐Performance Li–S Batteries","abstract":"ABSTRACT The development of high‐performance energy storage systems requires several key attributes, including high energy and power density, cost‐effectiveness, safety, and environmental sustainability. Among the various potential technologies, lithium–sulfur batteries stand out as a promising contender for future energy storage solutions due to their exceptional theoretical specific energy density (2600 Wh kg⁻¹) and relatively high specific capacity (1675 mAh g⁻¹). However, the commercialization of lithium–sulfur batteries faces significant challenges, such as low sulfur loading, rapid capacity degradation, and poor cycling stability. At the heart of these issues lies a limited understanding of the complex conversion chemistry involved in lithium–sulfur batteries. In recent years, significant progress has been made in elucidating these reaction mechanisms, thanks to the use of both ex situ and in situ characterization techniques. Methods such as optical spectroscopy, time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, synchrotron X‐ray, and neural network analysis have demonstrated great potential in uncovering the redox processes of lithium polysulfides and their underlying mechanisms, significantly advancing research in lithium–sulfur battery systems. This review focuses on the major advancements in lithium–sulfur batteries research, particularly in the study of electrocatalytic mechanisms using emerging characterization techniques. We discuss key aspects of accurately revealing the mechanisms of lithium–sulfur batteries through these advanced diagnostic methods, as well as the main challenges these techniques face. Finally, we explore the future prospects of lithium–sulfur battery commercialization.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Shilin"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Chengwei"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhongming"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Jiangqi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cnl2.70003","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnl2.70003","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409975071","type":"article-journal","title":"Prediction of electricity carbon emission peak in intelligent buildings with discrete second-order differential and time-sharing carbon measurement","abstract":"To achieve intelligent building energy management, predict the peak carbon emissions of intelligent building energy. A prediction model integrating discrete second-order difference and time-sharing carbon measurement is proposed. Considering peak and valley habits of building users, the carbon emissions cycle is divided into low, medium and high emissions ratio stages, establishing a time-sharing carbon emissions measurement model. In this model, the carbon emissions data time series obtained by the model are first input into the discrete second-order difference equation, and the final building carbon emissions value is obtained through model mapping generation, one-time accumulation generation, univariate second-order difference equation modeling, inverse accumulation generation and inverse mapping generation. Then, combined with BP neural network, the prediction error of carbon emissions interval series was estimated and gradually corrected, obtaining more accurate predictions after removing the error. The experimental results show that the model has a small error in predicting the peak carbon emissions of building electricity. It predicts the carbon emissions in different situations, the peak and time to reach the peak, providing a reference for the energy management research of smart buildings.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Yongliang"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Hong"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Xi"},{"family":"Kang","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Junchao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s40807-025-00163-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40807-025-00163-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7135152366","type":"article-journal","title":"Advances in Circular Valorization of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) Toward Low-Carbon and Resilient Construction: A Comprehensive Review","abstract":"Civil engineering faces the dual challenge of addressing climate change and managing construction and demolition waste (CDW). While existing analyses often focus solely on the mechanical characteristics of recycled materials, there is a significant gap in research on integrating these technical advancements with climate-resilient infrastructure and public policies that encourage circularity. This article offers a detailed review of the technical possibilities for materials derived from CDW, shifting the focus from “low-value recycling” to higher value-added uses. We analyze progress in this area over the past decade (2015–2025), specifically exploring the role of Building Information Modeling (BIM), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and advanced pretreatment processes (such as carbonation and alkaline activation) in improving material properties. A unique contribution of this work is the creation of a conceptual framework connecting materials science to global sustainability indicators and urban resilience strategies. Our findings show that, while technical feasibility is well established, the transition to a circular economy is hampered by the absence of standardized environmental metrics and effective public policies. This review summarizes these interdisciplinary trajectories and presents a plan for engineers and policymakers to transform construction and demolition waste (CDW) from a problem into a strategic resource for climate-adaptable urban development.","author":[{"family":"Silva","given":"Sérgio"},{"family":"Borges","given":"Pietra"},{"family":"Tošić","given":"Nikola"},{"family":"Andrade","given":"Jairo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18062759","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18062759","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7127126901","type":"article-journal","title":"Grazer exclusion is associated with higher fast-cycling carbon pools but lower slow-cycling mineral-associated carbon across grasslands","abstract":"The removal of livestock grazers from historically grazed grasslands is widely proposed as a key strategy for the enhancement of soil organic carbon (SOC) for climate mitigation. Yet, accurate assessments of how grazer exclusion impacts SOC pools of differing stability are lacking, with most studies focusing on total SOC rather than the distribution of SOC within fast and more stable, slow-cycling pools. Here, we used 12 historically grazed grassland sites along an 800 km south-north gradient across the United Kingdom to test how particulate (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) pools were linked to long-term (>10 y) exclusion of large domesticated grazers. We found that grazer exclusion was associated with relatively higher fast-cycling C pools, including plant and litter C, and to a lesser extent POC, but lower more stable, slow-cycling MAOC pools compared to grazed controls. Grazer exclusion was also associated with a marked shift in vegetation composition, with greater cover of ericoid mycorrhizal (ErM) shrubs over arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) graminoids. This vegetation shift likely played a dual role in regulating SOC, contributing to higher POC via both the input of recalcitrant litter and by the enhancement of soil moisture and lower MAOC due to priming and decreased mineral protection of SOC. Our findings provide evidence that while the exclusion of grazers tends to favor fast-cycling C pools, it coincides with lower SOC persistence, potentially increasing the vulnerability of grassland SOC stocks to future climate change.","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Luhong"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Shangshi"},{"family":"Schrama","given":"Maarten"},{"family":"Ashworth","given":"Deborah"},{"family":"Bardgett","given":"Richard"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1073/pnas.2512048123","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2512048123","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124731766","type":"article-journal","title":"Dynamic Carbon-Aware Scheduling for Electric Vehicle Fleets Using VMD-BSLO-CTL Forecasting and Multi-Objective MPC","abstract":"Accurate perception of dynamic carbon intensity is a prerequisite for low-carbon demand-side response. However, traditional grid-average carbon factors lack the spatio-temporal granularity required for real-time regulation. To address this, this paper proposes a “Prediction-Optimization” closed-loop framework for electric vehicle (EV) fleets. First, a hybrid forecasting model (VMD-BSLO-CTL) is constructed. By integrating Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) with a CNN-Transformer-LSTM network optimized by the Blood-Sucking Leech Optimizer (BSLO), the model effectively captures multi-scale features. Validation on the UK National Grid dataset demonstrates its superior robustness against prediction horizon extension compared to state-of-the-art baselines. Second, a multi-objective Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy is developed to guide EV charging. Applied to a real-world station-level scenario, the strategy navigates the trade-offs between user economy and grid stability. Simulation results show that the proposed framework simultaneously reduces economic costs by 4.17% and carbon emissions by 8.82%, while lowering the peak-valley difference by 6.46% and load variance by 11.34%. Finally, a cloud-edge collaborative deployment scheme indicates the engineering potential of the proposed approach for next-generation low-carbon energy management.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Hongyu"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Zhiyu"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Zixuan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Li","given":"W"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19020456","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19020456","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155199511","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing district energy systems by integrating Borehole Thermal Energy Storage Using a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming g-function framework with a Multi-Timescale Rolling Horizon method","abstract":"Shallow geothermal has gained increasing attention in recent years; however, a reliable framework for its accurate incorporation into large-scale energy system optimization remains lacking. This study proposes a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) framework combined with the g-function approach to integrate Borehole Thermal Energy Storage (BTES) technology into energy system optimization. Validation against a Modelica-based reservoir network simulation demonstrates that the proposed framework effectively captures the ground thermal response under varying energy loads and accurately estimates the borefield energy supply. To enhance scalability, a Rolling Horizon with Multi-Timescale (RH-MTS) method is further introduced, reducing computational time by 73 % for the 1-year optimization model with only minor loss of optimality. The framework is demonstrated through the case study of the UC Berkeley campus. Results indicate that BTES is a cost-effective and low-carbon solution: two borefields comprising 382 boreholes can meet 8.0 % and 6.6 % of the total campus heating and cooling demand, respectively, at an average energy rate of 0.70–0.77 USD/kWh and carbon intensity of 0.54 kg-CO 2 /kWh. Short-term analysis reveals a 35%–65% decline in BTES energy flow after 3–6 months of continuous heating/cooling operation, while long-term simulation shows that annual energy production of BTES can vary by up to 12.0 % after four years before stabilizing. Overall, this study develops a novel optimization framework that couples physics-based g-function method with MILP optimization framework, thereby advancing methodological development for shallow-geothermal integration and providing actionable guidance for BTES deployment in district-energy systems. • Propose a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) framework combined with the g-function approach for integrating Borehole Thermal Energy Storage (BTES) technology into energy system optimization. • Introduce a Rolling Horizon with Multi-Timescale (RH-MTS) method to significantly improve the model solvability while incurring only a slight and acceptable loss of optimality. • Demonstrate the application value of the MILP g-function method and RH-MTS method using UC Berkeley campus as a case study. • Quantitatively assess the shallow geothermal potential for cost savings and carbon reduction on the UC Berkeley main campus.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Jiahui"},{"family":"Soga","given":"Kenichi"},{"family":"Sulzer","given":"Matthias"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Kecheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.141111","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2026.141111","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7127659167","type":"article-journal","title":"Perspective on Aqueous Batteries: Historical Milestones and Modern Revival","abstract":"Aqueous batteries have played a pivotal yet fluctuating role in the evolution of electrochemical energy storage. From their foundational success in lead-acid and nickel-based chemistries to their eclipse by lithium-ion batteries, aqueous systems were long regarded as technologically inferior due to limited energy density and poor cycling stability. However, the urgent demand for safe, low-cost, and sustainable storage has sparked a renaissance, fueled by breakthroughs in electrolyte engineering and advanced electrode materials for both anodes and cathodes. This review revisits the historical trajectory of commercialized aqueous batteries, extracting lessons from past successes and failures while highlighting the technological advances that now enable extended voltage windows, improved cycling stability, and scalable manufacturing. We argue that the future of aqueous batteries lies not in directly competing with lithium-ion in high-energy applications, but in complementing them across grid-scale storage, uninterruptible power supplies, and decentralized energy systems where safety, cost, and recyclability are paramount. By connecting history with current progress, we reflect on how these insights reshape expectations for the next generation of aqueous batteries and their role in a more diversified and sustainable energy storage landscape.","author":[{"family":"Ming","given":"Fangwang"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yizhou"},{"family":"Qasem","given":"Hussam"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Hanfeng"},{"family":"Alshareef","given":"Husam"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.72294","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.72294","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417489310","type":"article-journal","title":"Experimental Study on Enhance Heavy Oil Recovery and Potential of CO2 Storage Using CO2 Pre-Fracturing Approach","abstract":"To optimize enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques for pre-fractured heavy oil reservoirs, this research conducted long-core flooding experiments using three distinct injection media: CO2, water, and CO2/water alternate huff-n-puff. A 35 cm composite core was employed to simulate the reservoir conditions after pre-fracturing. Experimental results indicated that the CO2 huff-n-puff process yielded the highest oil production, enhancing the overall recovery factor by 33.0% compared to depletion production, with a total recovery factor of 43.8% after four optimized cycles. The CO2/water alternate huff-n-puff process increased the recovery factor by 28.3%, achieving a total of 41.9% after four cycles. In contrast, water injection improved the recovery factor by only 15.2%, reaching a total of 26.2% after three cycles. By evaluating both oil recovery efficiency and oil exchange ratio, the optimal cycle numbers were determined as four cycles for CO2 huff-n-puff, four cycles for CO2/water alternate huff-n-puff, and three cycles for water huff-n-puff. Based on these optimized parameters, the CO2/water alternate huff-n-puff process was identified as the most effective EOR method for the target reservoir. Furthermore, this study assessed the potential for CO2 storage in the reservoir post-production. Calculations of CO2 storage ratios during the huff-n-puff process demonstrated the feasibility of integrating enhanced oil recovery with carbon sequestration. The findings provide a practical strategy for improving heavy oil recovery in low-permeability reservoirs while concurrently exploring the benefits of CO2 storage.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Qian"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Hong"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Rui"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xinqi"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Haipeng"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Longgan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jianhao"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Xiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr14010001","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14010001","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128369376","type":"article-journal","title":"A pedogeomorphic strategy for tidal marsh carbon accounting","abstract":"Abstract Tidal marsh soils have some of the largest carbon stocks of any ecosystem, yet uncertainty remains about the best approach to quantify these C stocks. We tested whether separating tidal marshes into pedogeomorphic units (PGUs) could improve regional‐scale blue C accounting in two separate regions on the Atlantic coast: southern New England (NE) and northern Southeast (SE). We identified four dominant PGUs in each region and measured soil C stocks in 105 pedons to 2 m. Average carbon stocks among PGUs ranged from 84 to 430 and 140 to 790 Mg C ha −1 for the 1‐ and 2‐m sampling depths, respectively. We found significant differences in C stocks among PGUs ( p < 0.0001) in each region with NE marshes having significantly higher per area C stocks compared to SE at both sampling depths. A common benchmark in blue C inventories is to sample to 1 m, but we found that on average 40% of the C within 2 m occurred in the lower meter, underscoring the need to sample to 2 m. Recent studies suggest that until a better approach is identified, a single value of 27 kg C m −3 be used for C accounting in tidal marshes. On average, this overestimated C stocks in the SE by 37% and underestimated in the NE by 35%. Our findings emphasize that C stocks in tidal marshes can vary greatly by geomorphic setting and suggest a pedogeomorphic framework with sampling to at least 2 m offers an effective approach for future tidal marsh C accounting.","author":[{"family":"Manetta","given":"Joseph"},{"family":"Dellinger","given":"Marissa"},{"family":"Parrish","given":"Bailey"},{"family":"Ricker","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Stolt","given":"Mark"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/saj2.70197","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.70197","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7140167099","type":"article-journal","title":"Dual-Site Functional Orchestration Enables Synergistic Anodic Modulation and Cathodic Mooring for Durable Zinc–Iodine Batteries","abstract":"Abstract Aqueous zinc-iodine batteries represent a compelling technology for large-scale, sustainable energy storage, yet their practical application is severely hampered by the simultaneous interfacial challenges of uncontrolled dendrite growth on the zinc anode and the parasitic polyiodide shuttle. Herein, we introduce a dual-site functional orchestration strategy by employing a single electrolyte additive, 2-imidazolidone (ELA), to concurrently stabilize both the anode and cathode interfaces. On the anode side, the carbonyl (C=O) functional group of ELA initiates an effective anodic modulation, regulating the Zn 2+ solvation environment and facilitating a dynamic adsorption layer. This homogenizes the ion flux and guides preferential Zn deposition along the (002) plane, effectively suppressing dendrite formation. Concurrently, at the cathode, the imino (N-H) group immobilizes soluble polyiodide species via hydrogen bonding, realizing an effective cathodic mooring. This targeted confinement arrests the shuttle effect without impeding the intrinsic redox kinetics. This synergistic stabilization translates into exceptional electrochemical performance, with symmetric cells achieving an ultra-long lifespan of over 5500 h at a high current density of 8 mA cm -2 and the full Zn||I 2 cells demonstrating robust cycling with 79.4% capacity retention after 2500 cycles. This work introduces a dual-site functional orchestration strategy, offering a pathway toward more durable aqueous batteries.","author":[{"family":"Jin","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Jin"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Can"},{"family":"An","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Shenghan"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xuelin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40820-026-02144-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02144-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407397295","type":"article-journal","title":"Designed Catalytic Templates for the Universal Synthesis of Metal/Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes with Hierarchical Architectures for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction","abstract":"Abstract Hierarchical nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) with embedded metal species (M/NCNTs) offer broad applications yet are challenging to synthesize controllably. We report a universal one‐step strategy leveraging the designed catalytic templates that catalyze the growth of NCNTs and concurrently direct their assembly into diverse hierarchical architectures. This method applies to various precursors from metal hydroxides to metal‐organic frameworks and metal nanoparticles/carbon, yielding M/NCNTs with morphologies from plates to flowers, spheres, and NCNTs‐grafted dodecahedrons. The Co/NCNTs with hierarchical architecture exhibits superior oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance with a half‐wave potential of 0.851 V and high durability (negligible decay after 10,000 cycles) in alkaline relative to commercial Pt/C. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis implies that the hierarchical architecture reduces the mass transfer resistance. Consequently, this Co/NCNTs enables the zinc‐air battery with a peak power density of 234.1 mW cm −2 and a specific capacity of 798.8 mAh g −1 Zn .","author":[{"family":"Huang","given":"Hong"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Xiaoyuan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Mingming"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Jizheng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xinyi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhongfeng"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yanjiao"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Wenting"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Xiao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cctc.202402145","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.202402145","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155051437","type":"article-journal","title":"Advances in Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage and Management: Challenges and Enhancement Strategies","abstract":"The accelerating demand for high-performance thermal management in electronics and renewable energy systems has positioned phase change materials (PCMs) as critical components for passive temperature regulation due to their substantial latent heat, which absorbs the significant heat generated by electronic devices. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of PCMs, covering their selection criteria, classification, encapsulation techniques, and strategies for performance enhancement in thermal energy storage (TES) and thermal management systems in electronic devices. Despite significant advancements in PCM-based technologies, the incorporation of nanomaterials into PCMs to enhance thermal conductivity involves a series of interconnected trade-offs that lead to latent heat capacity reduction, leakage, viscosity, cyclic performance and durability, and physical and chemical stability that hinder their widespread adoption. In addition, this review presents a paradigm shift toward supramolecular phase change materials (SPCMs)an advanced class of materials that transcend the limitations of their traditional counterparts through the strategic exploitation of dynamic, noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking. These supramolecular architectures uniquely combine shape stabilization with emergent functionalities, such as self-healing capability, reprocessability, and exceptional dimensional stability, during phase transitions. We provide a systematic analysis of advanced modification and optimization strategies driving SPCM composite innovation. Key focuses include sophisticated encapsulation techniques, such as supramolecular lock shell layers, nanomaterials, nanoparticles, and porous matrix confinement, which achieve ultrahigh core loadings with exceptional cycling stability. Particular emphasis is placed on the strategic integration of functional nanofillers via surface chemical functionalization and noncovalent π-π stacking. These approaches uniquely overcome classical material trade-offs, simultaneously enhancing thermal conductivity and mechanical robustness while preserving latent heat capacityachievements unattainable with conventional PCMs. This review provides a focused roadmap for developing scalable, durable SPCMs tailored for next-generation thermal management applications.","author":[{"family":"Muhabie","given":"Adem"},{"family":"Mengesha","given":"Wubshet"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c06952","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c06952","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7151996727","type":"article-journal","title":"Grid-Connected PV and Battery Energy Storage Systems: A MILP-Based Economic Sensitivity Analysis for the Education Sector","abstract":"This paper develops and applies a techno-economic optimization framework for sizing photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in grid-connected energy communities. An in-house developed modeling platform featuring custom MATLAB (R2025a) code implements a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model that minimizes differential net present value (NPV) over a 25-year lifetime, integrating capital expenditures, operating cash flows, and carbon taxation. The formulation captures temperature-dependent PV efficiency, battery round-trip efficiency, and time-varying electricity prices, and is validated on a real campus energy community with hourly demand, irradiance, and tariff data. Two design scenarios are examined: the optimal unconstrained case and a budget-constrained configuration (CAPEX ≤ 2.0 M€). Results show the unconstrained system installs 3.19 MWp PV and 12.3 MWh storage, achieving 78.9% self-sufficiency and a 78.9% emissions reduction. The constrained case installs 0.99 MWp and 1.68 MWh, achieves 32.0% self-sufficiency, and delivers a 4.46 M€ NPV with payback in 3.9 years. Under current costs and tariffs, PV-dominated configurations provide the highest value, with limited battery benefit except under generous budgets or higher carbon prices. A dedicated CAPEX sensitivity analysis explores PV and battery cost variability and its impact on optimal sizing and economic outcomes. The core methodological contribution is a master-planning formulation that solves design decision variables and optimal dispatch concurrently within a single MILP. The flexible platform enables future reassessment as technology, tariff, and policy landscapes evolve.","author":[{"family":"Mazzoni","given":"Stefano"},{"family":"Nastasi","given":"Benedetto"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Ke"},{"family":"Manno","given":"Michele"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19071803","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19071803","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7119517498","type":"article-journal","title":"When heat meets water: Environmental trade-offs of underground thermal energy storage","abstract":"The transition to net-zero energy systems has sparked increased interest in integrating renewable energy and implementing large-scale storage. Underground thermal energy storage (UTES) offers a promising approach, enabling the seasonal storage of heat within geological formations. However, its direct interaction with groundwater introduces environmental challenges, particularly related to thermal, hydrogeochemical, and microbiological processes. This review examines the environmental implications of UTES, with a focus on groundwater quality. Key parameters influencing water chemistry, such as pH, dissolved oxygen, major ions, trace elements, and microbial activity, are discussed as indicators of system impact. The review compares different UTES configurations, including aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES), borehole thermal energy storage (BTES), cavern thermal energy storage (CTES), and systems in flooded abandoned mines, and evaluates the effects of temperature shifts and water mixing on subsurface conditions. By consolidating current knowledge and identifying tiered monitoring strategies, this paper highlights the need for long-term assessment and mitigation frameworks to ensure that UTES can be deployed sustainably while protecting groundwater resources.","author":[{"family":"Motamedi","given":"Mohammadhossein"},{"family":"Iranfar","given":"Soha"},{"family":"Khudhur","given":"Faisal"},{"family":"Hassanpouryouzband","given":"Aliakbar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.est.2025.120265","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.120265","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131883536","type":"article-journal","title":"Polyethyleneimine-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots as a Highly Sensitive Fluorescent Probe for HClO Sensing in Live Cell Imaging","abstract":"In this work, we synthesized blue-fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) via a facile, economical, and environmentally friendly one-pot synthesis, using citric acid as the carbon source and polyethyleneimine (PEI) as the nitrogen dopant. The as-prepared N-CQDs exhibited uniform size distribution, with an average diameter of approximately 3 nm and a quantum yield of up to 23.6%. Based on the mechanism of HClO-triggered static fluorescence quenching and oxidation of surface amine groups on the N-CQDs, we established a quantitative detection platform for hypochlorous acid (HClO). The proposed method demonstrated a linear response over the concentration range of 0–40 μmol/L, with a detection limit as low as 0.17 μmol/L. It also featured a rapid response time (within 2 min), high selectivity, and strong anti-interference capability against various common species, including Cl−, H2O2, NO2−, NO3−, TBHP, TBO•, Br−, I−, S2−, F−, O2− and HO•. Furthermore, the probe was successfully applied to detect HClO in real-world samples such as river water and beer. Owing to its outstanding photostability and low toxicity, it proved highly effective for monitoring intracellular HClO in living cells.","author":[{"family":"Yan","given":"Yehan"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Xinyue"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xialin"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Renyong"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Chengwei"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Naifu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Weiyun"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Panpan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano16050309","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16050309","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7152010180","type":"article-journal","title":"Organic Dye-Modified Two-Dimensional Metal–Organic Framework/Carbon Nanotube Composite Films for Photothermoelectric Applications","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Photothermoelectric (PTE) systems, which convert light into electricity through sequential photothermal (PT) and thermoelectric (TE) processes, offer a promising strategy for self-powered wearable electronics. In this work, we develop a homogeneous PTE composite system by integrating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a dye-modified two-dimensional metal–organic framework (2D MOF), referred to as ZrBTBD, obtained via the postsynthetic modification of a 2D MOF, ZrBTB, with N719 dye. The introduction of N719 enhances visible-light absorption and facilitates doping level modulation with CNTs. Together with n-type doping using N-DMBI, the resulting p-type C/ZrBTBD10 and n-type C/ZrBTBD-N5 composites achieve high power factors of 465.7 and 363.1 μW m –1 K –2, respectively. Under 100 mW cm –2 illumination, the PT temperature increases from 47.3 °C to 51.2 °C, and the zT is significantly enhanced compared to CNTs. A flexible PTE generator assembled from these composites delivers an open-circuit voltage of 12.3 mV and a maximum power output of 365.4 nW. A wearable prototype demonstrates its potential for flexible, self-powered electronics. This work represents the demonstration of dye-immobilized MOF/CNT composite materials in PTE systems, offering a molecular-level strategy for integrating light harvesting, interfacial charge modulation, and thermoelectric conversion.","author":[{"family":"Lin","given":"CD"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Kuan"},{"family":"Hsu","given":"Chih"},{"family":"Hong","given":"Shao‐huan"},{"family":"Chuang","given":"Chi"},{"family":"Hsu","given":"Te"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Jhih"},{"family":"Kung","given":"Chung‐wei"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Cheng‐liang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsnano.6c00103","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6c00103","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128386380","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of Aggregation-Based Colorimetric and SERS Sensing of Metal Ions Utilizing Au/Ag Nanoparticles","abstract":"The accurate monitoring and dynamic analysis of metal ions are of considerable practical significance in environmental toxicology and life sciences. Colorimetric analysis and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing technologies, utilizing the aggregation effect of gold and silver nanoparticles (Au/Ag NPs), have emerged as prominent methods for rapid metal ion detection. While sharing a common plasmonic basis, these two techniques serve distinct yet complementary analytical roles: colorimetric assays offer rapid, instrument-free visual screening ideal for point-of-care testing (POCT), whereas SERS provides superior sensitivity and structural fingerprinting for precise quantification in complex matrices. Furthermore, the synergistic integration of these modalities facilitates the development of dual-mode sensing platforms, enabling mutual signal verification for enhanced reliability. This article evaluates contemporary optical sensing methodologies utilizing aggregation effects and their advancements in the detection of diverse metal ions. It comprehensively outlines methodological advancements from nanomaterial fabrication to signal transduction, encompassing approaches such as biomass-mediated green synthesis and functionalization, targeted surface ligand engineering, digital readout systems utilizing intelligent algorithms, and multimodal synergistic sensing. Recent studies demonstrate that these techniques have attained trace-level identification of target ions regarding analytical efficacy, with detection limits generally conforming to or beyond applicable environmental and health safety regulations. Moreover, pertinent research has enhanced detection linear ranges, anti-interference properties, and adaptability for POCT, validating the usefulness and developmental prospects of this technology for analysis in complicated matrices.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Shu"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Yanlong"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Han"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Yuhan"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Jihui"},{"family":"Zhan","given":"Chunlian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/bios16020110","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios16020110","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407756319","type":"article-journal","title":"Bollard‐Anchored Binder System for High‐Loading Cathodes Fabricated via Dry Electrode Process for Li‐Ion Batteries","abstract":"Abstract The dry battery electrode (DBE) process offers significant advantages over conventional wet‐coating methods for electrode fabrication. Unlike traditional processes that rely on toxic solvents such as N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP), the DBE technique uses solvent‐free methods, reducing environmental impact and production costs while enhancing compatibility and performance. However, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), the only binder currently used for large‐scale DBE fabrication (binder fibrillation), faces potential regulatory restrictions under Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) guidelines and limits Li‐ion conductivity, elastomeric properties, and particle adhesion. This study explores a novel dual‐binder system, termed the “bollard hitch” model, designed to overcome these limitations as the first PTFE‐less binder for binder fibrillation. Poly(acrylic acid)‐grafted sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (PC) acts as the “bollard,” strongly attaching to the PTFE “anchor.” This binder system reduces PTFE usage by over 70% and enables the fabrication of high‐mass loading cathodes (up to 90 mg cm − 2 , 15.6 mAh cm − 2 ) with superior performance. It enhances ionic conductivity and mechanical strength, making it suitable for high‐voltage applications and offering great potential to revolutionize the manufacturing of high‐performance, durable energy storage systems.","author":[{"family":"Kang","given":"Jihyeon"},{"family":"Eom","given":"Hojong"},{"family":"Jang","given":"Seohyeon"},{"family":"Yoo","given":"Doehyeob"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Hyeonha"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Minju"},{"family":"Seol","given":"Myeong‐lok"},{"family":"Han","given":"Jeong"},{"family":"Nam","given":"Inho"},{"family":"Song","given":"Hannah"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.202416872","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202416872","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7161031213","type":"article-journal","title":"Toward Real-Time Digital Twins for CO₂ Storage: Graph Neural Network Ensembles for Multi-physics Forecasting and Risk Quantification","abstract":"Accurate forecasting of CO₂ plume migration, geochemical alteration, and geomechanical deformation is essential for secure geological carbon storage, yet high-fidelity thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) simulators remain too expensive for rapid uncertainty screening and digital-twin-style updates. This study develops a graph-based multi-output surrogate trained on THMC simulation outputs to predict three engineering observables relevant to storage performance and risk assessment: gas saturation (Sg), formation-water pH, and vertical surface displacement. The framework is evaluated over a century-long period from 2031 to 2130, spanning both injection and post-injection phases. Three baseline architectures are compared under a strict realization-level split, namely a multilayer perceptron (MLP), a convolutional neural network (CNN), and a graph neural network (GNN). Among the tested baselines, the GNN delivers the strongest overall accuracy and the most faithful spatial reconstruction, particularly for plume front geometry and deformation localization under unseen geological realizations. At the same time, the proposed model should be interpreted as an emulator of simulator-derived observables rather than as a conservation-enforcing THMC solver. We therefore position the framework as a fast forecasting layer complemented by uncertainty quantification and physics-aware plausibility checks, not as a replacement for full-physics simulation in regulatory or site-specific design studies. Millisecond-scale inference and calibrated ensemble prediction intervals make the approach useful for rapid scenario screening, monitoring support, and digital-twin workflows, while future work should incorporate explicit conservation constraints, richer nonlinear geomechanics, and larger training ensembles.","author":[{"family":"Thanh","given":"Hung"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Zhenxue"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Tao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s00603-026-05545-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-026-05545-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406106683","type":"article-journal","title":"One-Step Synthesis of Metastable Mo 2 AlB 2 from MoAlB Using Gaseous HCl","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Recent studies increasingly highlight the potential applications of MBenes, a novel class of two-dimensional (2D) materials, yet their production remains challenging. In this context, microcrystalline Mo 2 AlB 2 (space group Cmmm; a = 3.080(3) Å, b = 11.57(1) Å, and c = 3.149(4) Å), a promising precursor for MoB MBene production, was synthesized in a single-step gas–solid reaction at 450 °C using MoAlB and gaseous HCl. This preparation method, previously utilized for the oxidation of Zintl phases, has been successfully adapted to compounds containing d -block elements, providing a new alternative for exfoliating layered materials in liquid solutions. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed homogeneous products with microcrystals exhibiting a nonuniform particle size distribution. At higher temperatures, these evolved into plate-like crystallites with smooth surfaces and etch cavities. This efficient and cost-effective gas–solid reaction shows great potential for large-scale production of a wide range of 2D materials, with significant benefits for catalysis, energy storage, and other applications.","author":[{"family":"Yilmaz","given":"Türker"},{"family":"Yildiz","given":"Ozden"},{"family":"Peighambardoust","given":"Naeimeh"},{"family":"Baitinger","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Aydemir","given":"Umut"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c04794","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c04794","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118448366","type":"article-journal","title":"High‐Throughput Carbon Scaffold and Liquid Metal Enable High‐Flux Li + Transport, Improved Interface Wettability, Dendrite Suppression, and Polysulfide Control in Li–S Batteries","abstract":"ABSTRACT Lithium metal holds immense promise for next‐generation high‐energy‐density batteries; however, its practical deployment is impeded by sluggish kinetics and intricate interfacial chemistry. To address these challenges, we engineered a high‐throughput carbon scaffold (HTCS) via bio‐alkaline treatment, serving as a host for both sulfur cathodes (HTCS/S) and lithiophilic HTCS/Li–GaIn anodes fabricated through in situ melt‐infusion. This porous, interconnected 3D architecture effectively mitigates local current density and interfacial resistance, thereby suppressing polarization and enhancing wettability, the ultrahigh fluid flux of this HTCS reached 9.0×10 5 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 . Furthermore, the incorporation of liquid GaIn alloy buffers lithium reactivity, inhibits dendrite growth, and ensures uniform deposition. Consequently, symmetric HTCS/Li–GaIn cells exhibit exceptional stability for over 5000 h with a low polarization of approximately 65 mV. When paired in a full cell configuration, the HTCS/S||HTCS/Li–GaIn system delivers a specific capacity of 1586.9 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C after 100 cycles. Corroborating these results, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations reveal a robust binding energy of −2.81 eV between Li and GaIn motifs within amorphous Li–GaIn alloys, confirming strong metallic interactions. This synergistic integration of the conductive HTCS framework with the self‐healing liquid metal facilitates rapid Li + transport while effectively curtailing polysulfide dissolution and the shuttle effect.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Chenyu"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Zhan"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Yaning"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Runze"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Qichao"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Dawei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Chaofeng"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yuanzhen"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Tengfei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202528304","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202528304","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7139983626","type":"article-journal","title":"In Situ Growth of Amine-Rich g-C 3 N 4 with Carbon Defects for Boosting Visible-Light Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction Performance","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) conversion into fuels and valuable chemicals driven by sunlight is a promising method for solving global warming and the shortage of fossil-derived chemicals simultaneously. Two-dimensional graphiticcarbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) has been viewed as a highly favorable material for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. However, its overall performance is relatively low due to poor charge separation. Engineering the g-C 3 N 4 structure by introduction of a carbon (C) vacancy is an effective strategy to mitigate severe charge recombination, while amine groups (–NH 2 ) could be beneficial for CO 2 capture. Herein, we present a facile method for spontaneous growth of amine-functionalized g-C 3 N 4 with rich C vacancies by adding trace Ni 2+ ions during thermal treatment. Insightful investigation by various advanced characterizations revealed that the carbon defects could induce a microporous structure, resulting in high surface area. In addition, the resultant defects upshift the conduction band of g-C 3 N 4 and promote charge carrier separation. Both of these contribute to enhanced CO 2 reduction ability. Meanwhile, the exposed edge amino enhances the CO 2 adsorption strength, as verified by both experimental and theoretical results. When coupled with the [Co(bpy) 3 ] 2+ molecular cocatalyst, the amine-rich g-C 3 N 4 nanotubes with Ni 2+ ion-induced carbon defects (Cv-CN) exhibit a superior visible-light-induced CO 2 -to-CO conversion rate of 330 μmol g –1 h –1, which is 66-fold and 3-fold higher than those of bulk g-C 3 N 4 (bulk CN, 5 μmol g –1 h –1 ) and g-C 3 N 4 nanotubes (CN, 120 μmol g –1 h –1 ), respectively, in a liquid–gas phase reaction. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that carbon vacancy introduction creates edge amino groups capable of forming strong hydrogen bonds with CO 2 molecules, resulting in a 13-fold enhancement in adsorption energy from −0.01 to −0.13 eV. This work offers a facile and spontaneous strategy for synthesizing high-reactive g-C 3 N 4 for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction.","author":[{"family":"Chankhanittha","given":"Tammanoon"},{"family":"Yodsin","given":"Nuttapon"},{"family":"Khemthong","given":"Pongtawat"},{"family":"Sangkhun","given":"Weradesh"},{"family":"Ponchai","given":"Jitprabhat"},{"family":"Punklahan","given":"Nutthawadee"},{"family":"Phanthasri","given":"Jakkapop"},{"family":"Youngjan","given":"Saran"},{"family":"Jiratanachotikul","given":"Anan"},{"family":"Khunphonoi","given":"Rattabal"},{"family":"Chuaicham","given":"Chitiphon"},{"family":"Trakulmututa","given":"Jirawat"},{"family":"Sasaki","given":"Keiko"},{"family":"Wannakan","given":"Khemika"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Lichang"},{"family":"Butburee","given":"Teera"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsaem.6c00160","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.6c00160","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7134840883","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing solar and wind forecasting with iHow optimization algorithm and multi-scale attention networks","abstract":"Deep learning models often encounter two key challenges in developing intelligent and scalable forecasting frameworks for renewable energy systems: input feature space dimensionality and sensitivity to hyperparameter settings. These limitations increase computational cost and compromise generalization and robustness. This paper presents a hybrid deep learning-optimization framework that leverages cognitively inspired metaheuristics to address these challenges, employing the Binary iHow Optimization Algorithm (biHOW) for feature selection and its continuous counterpart, iHOW, for hyperparameter tuning. Both variants emulate human cognitive phases-data absorption, information analysis, reinstitution, and adaptive knowledge development enabling efficient traversal of complex search spaces. Using the Multi-Scale Attention Network (MSAN) as the forecasting backbone, which is well suited for modeling renewable energy time series due to its ability to capture multi-scale temporal dependencies ranging from short-term fluctuations to long-term seasonal patterns, the proposed framework achieved high accuracy for wind and solar generation prediction. The MSAN model attained Mean Squared Errors (MSE) of 0.0105 for wind and 0.0976 for solar forecasting. Applying biHOW for feature selection reduced the average misclassification rate to 0.3925 (wind) and 0.4161 (solar) while identifying compact, interpretable feature subsets. The iHOW optimizer further fine-tuned architectural and training parameters, decreasing MSE to [Formula: see text] for wind and [Formula: see text] for solar, outperforming state-of-the-art metaheuristics including HHO, GWO, PSO, and JAYA. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of iHOW-based optimization in enhancing forecasting accuracy and computational scalability. The proposed hybrid framework supports adaptive forecasting for intelligent energy management within modern smart grids.","author":[{"family":"Radwan","given":"Marwa"},{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Abdelhameed"},{"family":"Abdelsalam","given":"MA"},{"family":"Alhussan","given":"Amel"},{"family":"Mattar","given":"Ebrahim"},{"family":"El-Kenawy","given":"El"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-026-39632-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-39632-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7159691289","type":"article-journal","title":"From Cucurbit[7]Uril Armor‐Equipped Ferrocene to Nitrogen Self‐Doped Porous Carbon Hosting Fe Single Atoms and Atomic Clusters for ORR and Zinc‐Air Batteries","abstract":"ABSTRACT Achieving both high activity and metal loading of atomically dispersed metal sites in M─N─C catalysts remain a formidable challenge. Herein, we employ the macrocyclic supramolecule cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) as a nanocage precursor and ferrocene (Fc) as a metal source, respectively. Through spontaneous host–guest self‐assembly, an angstrom‐level space‐confined precursor (Fc@CB[7]) was constructed, providing a well‐defined molecular scaffold for oxygen electrocatalysts. The resulting Fc@CB[7] complex exhibits a cage‐with‐lid geometry, endowing it with the structural characteristics of a metal monatomic precursor. Upon coating the Fc@CB[7] complex with ternary eutectic salts (NaCl, KCl, ZnCl 2 , named TESs) and subjecting it to pyrolysis, we obtained a novel oxygen electrocatalyst, denoted Fe AC ─Fe SA /N─CBC 0.7 , featuring coexisting Fe atomic clusters and Fe single atoms. The deliberately designed Fe AC ─Fe SA /N─CBC 0.7 catalyst delivers a remarkable half‐wave potential ( E 1/2 ) of 0.915 V and outstanding Zn–air battery (ZAB) performance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations identify the presence of Fe 7 clusters that modulate the local electronic configuration of Fe─N 4 sites and weaken *OH adsorption, thereby accelerating the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics. This work not only paves a way between supramolecular chemistry and electrochemistry but also provides fundamental insights into the structure–activity relationship of Fe AC ─Fe SA /N─CBC 0.7 for ORR.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Shufei"},{"family":"黄海"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Yiming"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Canzhong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/anie.5762572","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.5762572","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412071707","type":"article-journal","title":"Unlocking Solid Polymer Electrolytes: Advancing Materials through Characterization-Driven Insights","abstract":"Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) hold great promise for next-generation battery technologies due to their inherent safety and mechanical stability. However, widely used poly-(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based electrolytes face significant challenges, including high crystallinity, low ionic conductivity at ambient temperatures, and a narrow electrochemical stability window. Overcoming these limitations requires the development of novel polymer matrices alongside the refinement of advanced characterization methods that capture the fundamental dynamics of ion transport and polymer segmental mobility. In this Perspective, we review recent advancements in SPE design, focusing on innovative materials such as polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) or poly-(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) as well as solid composite electrolytes. We also examine alternative synthetic strategies, including copolymerization, blending, and cross-linking, which aim to reduce crystallinity and enhance ion conduction. Importantly, we emphasize the urgent need for comprehensive experimental and computational characterization techniques. Progress in small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering, quasielastic neutron scattering, and in situ spectroscopy has provided critical insights into the complex interactions between ions and polymer chains. By integrating innovations in materials synthesis with state-of-the-art characterization approaches, this work outlines a forward-looking roadmap for the rational design of SPEs that can meet the demanding requirements of next-generation energy storage systems.","author":[{"family":"Álvarezfernández","given":"Alberto"},{"family":"Hernández","given":"Guiomar"},{"family":"Maiz","given":"Jon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/jacsau.5c00442","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jacsau.5c00442","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7147670738","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable Day-Ahead Scheduling Optimization of a Wind–Solar Coupled Hydrogen DC Microgrid with Hybrid Energy Storage Considering Electrolyzer Lifetime","abstract":"Wind–solar coupled hydrogen production DC microgrids have significant potential for improving renewable energy utilization and reducing the cost of hydrogen production. However, the randomness of wind–solar power causes frequent electrolyzer start–stop operations, accelerating lifetime degradation, while a single energy storage system cannot simultaneously suppress power fluctuations and regulate energy. Therefore, this study proposes a two-stage day-ahead energy scheduling optimization framework. A DBSCAN–K-means hybrid clustering method generates representative wind–solar power scenarios. A supercapacitor-based strategy mitigates high-frequency power fluctuations using empirical mode decomposition. Furthermore, a dual-scenario-driven electrolyzer scheduling strategy adapted to different wind–solar output conditions is developed, where power allocation is determined by battery state-of-charge and electrolyzer operating states, enabling stepwise power compensation and dynamic operating-state optimization. Case studies comparing wind–solar-only supply, a conventional strategy, and the proposed strategy demonstrate that the proposed strategy balances hydrogen production and economic objectives, and reduces annual electrolyzer start–stop cycles by 73%, thereby prolonging electrolyzer lifetime. Furthermore, the proposed framework enhances renewable energy utilization, reduces curtailment, and lowers lifecycle costs, thereby contributing to the development of sustainable hydrogen production systems.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"HH"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Xingyi"},{"family":"Mao","given":"Meiqin"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jianxing"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jinzhong"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"PP"},{"family":"Xie","given":"YH"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Yingying"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18073435","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18073435","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406767124","type":"article-journal","title":"Supercooled Liquids in a Core–Shell Coordination Structure for Practical Long‐Term Energy Storage","abstract":"Abstract Mutual acquisition of phase‐stability and controllable phase‐transition becomes a predominant criterion of phase‐change materials for the practical long‐term energy storage but seems contradictory always. Here a strategy combining coordination and hydrogen bonds hierarchically to create a supercooled liquid in a core–shell coordination structure is reported, addressing that demand successfully. This new material is composed of a Mn‐methylurea complex (MM) core and the hierarchically bonded erythritols shell. MM glass core with a viscosity of 10 8 Pa·s determines its thermal phase‐stability. As discovered, the ingenious ligand‐exchange between erythritol and Cl − ion coordinated with MM core accounts for this effectively reversible phase‐transition. This can be triggered by a small shear‐stress of 10 Pa within tens of seconds, exhibiting good practicability. Thermodynamics and kinetics of phase‐transition are explored.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xusheng"},{"family":"Du","given":"Zheng"},{"family":"He","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhenhua"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhaoning"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Guocong"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Qin"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Han"},{"family":"Niu","given":"Zeyu"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Suman"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Tianle"},{"family":"Nie","given":"Binjian"},{"family":"Ding","given":"Yulong"},{"family":"He","given":"Zhubing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.202412528","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202412528","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410841313","type":"article-journal","title":"Next leap in the sustainable transport revolution: Identifying gaps and proposing solutions for hydrogen mobility","abstract":"Amid escalating global climate concerns, the reliance of the transportation sector on high-carbon fossil fuels urgently demands sustainable alternatives. Hydrogen has emerged as a potent solution because of its zero-emission usage, but its overall impact hinges on its full life cycle , which this review comprehensively examines. This article delves into the environmental, economic, and safety dimensions of hydrogen as an alternative fuel by systematically reviewing the life cycle assessment (LCA) literature across the production, storage, delivery, and usage phases, with a focus on electrolysis and natural gas reforming methods, among others. A key insight from this study is the critical importance of considering the entire delivery system holistically rather than isolating the delivery phase. Many studies have overlooked two important aspects: first, the distribution of hydrogen as a product itself is often underemphasized; second, the integration of storage and delivery (the “storage-delivery nexus”) is crucial since separating them can lead to misleading conclusions about cost and emissions. For example, while certain delivery methods may appear cost-effective, their associated storage processes (such as hydrogenation and dehydrogenation in liquid organic hydrogen carrier systems) can have significant emission impacts. To address these gaps, this study introduces a novel “surface-level” LCA framework to enhance the assessment of the environmental impacts of hydrogen, promoting a more integrated understanding of the storage-delivery system. This framework aims to provide more accurate insights into hydrogen's life cycle, thereby facilitating better-informed policy-making and technological advancements. This study underscores the imperative for robust policy support, public engagement, and continuous innovation to overcome these barriers, advocating for strategic initiatives that bolster the sustainability and adoption of hydrogen mobility, particularly in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs).","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Fangjie"},{"family":"Shafique","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Xiaowei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.commtr.2025.100180","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commtr.2025.100180","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128517873","type":"article-journal","title":"Vehicle lightweighting for carbon neutrality: decarbonization mechanisms, key processes and engineering applications","abstract":"Abstract The transport sector is under increasing pressure to contribute to national and global carbon-neutrality targets, and vehicle lightweighting has emerged as a core technical route for reducing energy use and CO₂ emissions. This review examines vehicle lightweighting from a decarbonization and life-cycle perspective, moving beyond traditional mass-reduction thinking toward integrated “lightweight decarbonization process systems”. First, the physical mechanisms by which mass reduction lowers tractive energy demand are analyzed for conventional and electrified powertrains, together with the secondary effects of powertrain downsizing and reduced parasitic losses. The role of life-cycle assessment (LCA) in quantifying trade-offs between higher embodied emissions of lightweight materials and use-phase energy savings is then discussed, including the influence of vehicle duty cycles, energy mixes and recycling rates. The review summarizes major technology routes for lightweighting body-in-white, chassis, powertrain and new energy vehicle subsystems, and highlights high-value opportunities in exhaust aftertreatment and thermal management systems. Key enabling processes—including low-carbon material preparation, advanced forming and casting, multi-material joining, surface engineering and digital design—are analyzed as the foundation of lightweighting-oriented decarbonization. Representative engineering applications and industrial case patterns are used to illustrate typical magnitudes of mass and CO₂ reduction and to extract lessons for integrating lightweight design with recycled and low-carbon materials. Finally, the paper identifies critical scientific questions, process and manufacturing bottlenecks, and cross-scale digitalization needs, and outlines promising directions for future “key technologies and applications” in vehicle lightweight decarbonization, with a particular focus on life-cycle CO₂ performance and real-world demonstrator platforms.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Qiang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Tingyu"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Dongtao"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xianglong"},{"family":"博文","given":"長海"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Bowen"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Xu"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Jin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yingjie"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Xiaoping"},{"family":"Xiong","given":"Wenpeng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xincong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44438-026-00023-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44438-026-00023-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410001136","type":"article-journal","title":"The Impact of Data Element Marketization on Green Total Factor Energy Efficiency: Empirical Evidence from China","abstract":"Given the escalating severity of climate change and environmental degradation, the transition to green and low-carbon energy has become a strategic priority for China’s economic development. Green total factor energy efficiency (GTFEE), which captures energy utilization efficiency while accounting for environmental constraints and desirable outputs, has emerged as a key indicator for evaluating green energy transition performance. Data element marketization (DEM), as a vital institutional innovation, provides new impetus for accelerating the transition to green and low-carbon energy. This study leveraged the establishment of China’s data trading platforms as a quasi-natural experiment to systematically assess the effects, mechanisms, and spatial heterogeneity of DEM on urban GTFEE. The findings reveal that DEM has a statistically significant positive impact on urban GTFEE in the short term, while demonstrating a gradual diminishing marginal effect over the long term. Furthermore, this study uncovered heterogeneous effects based on factors such as city type, urban energy intensity, and new-energy pilot, as well as urban government governance capacity. Mechanism analysis demonstrated that DEM enhances urban GTFEE by accelerating the generation of data elements and fostering their deep integration with artificial intelligence (AI). Spatial analysis indicated that, while DEM significantly improves GTFEE in local cities, it generates negative spillover effects on neighboring cities due to the persistence of the digital divide.","author":[{"family":"Peng","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xinyue"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Weilong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17094099","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094099","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413378310","type":"article-journal","title":"Pressurized Chemical Looping–Steam Methane Reforming for Thermal H2 Production","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Large quantities of heat, steam, electricity, and hydrogen are required in many major industrial sectors such as oil and gas and iron and steel. However, the most common technologies for generating these products are large-scale emitters of CO 2 and at the present time must still rely on fossil fuel feedstocks. The deployment of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies will be critical in reaching both Canadian and international net-zero emissions targets by 2050. More traditional approaches for CO 2 capture, such as solvent-based scrubbing, can be implemented to reduce emissions but often fall short of attaining carbon-neutral products. Pressurized chemical looping–steam methane reforming (PCL-SMR) has the potential to produce zero-emission H 2 for combustion systems at an attractive cost, thereby avoiding the need for postcombustion CO 2 capture which can be cost prohibitive at certain scales. This is achieved by replacing the existing SMR firebox with dual-reactor chemical looping with inherent CO 2 separation. This work considers a comparison between conventional SMR with and without postcombustion CO 2 capture to that of PCL-SMR at an industrial-scale H 2 production level (∼290 t/day). In all configurations, the syngas is cooled, the H 2 product is separated via pressure swing adsorption before compression, and the tail gas is recycled into the combustion system. The captured CO 2 is processed via a cooling, drying, and compression system to meet the supercritical CO 2 transportation specifications. By operating at elevated pressures (∼6 bar(g)), zero direct CO 2 emissions are achievable without the need for costly gaseous O 2 production, while increasing the net H 2 production efficiency and lowering fresh-water consumption. A detailed comparative techno-economic analysis and life-cycle assessment show a significantly lower levelized cost of H 2 production via PCL-SMR in comparison to SMR with amine-based CO 2 capture, while achieving both greater direct (Scope 1) and indirect (Scopes 2 and 3) CO 2 emission reductions. In addition, several other key benefits of PCL-SMR beyond costs and environmental burdens are highlighted, such as a significant reduction in reformer tube stress and H 2 production efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Symonds","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Modler","given":"Rebecca"},{"family":"Hughes","given":"Robin"},{"family":"Wadi","given":"Basil"},{"family":"Champagne","given":"Scott"},{"family":"Bond","given":"Nicole"},{"family":"Atkinson","given":"Kelly"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00826","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00826","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417066990","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Dioxide-Based Biodegradable Polycarbonate Macrodiols: Synthesis, Structure, and Performance","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Using 1,4-butanediol (BDO) as a chain transfer agent and a metal-free Lewis acid–base catalyst, polycarbonate macrodiols (PECDLs) with arbitrarily adjustable carbonate content were successfully synthesized via the direct copolymerization of ethylene oxide (EO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). The optimal reaction conditions were established through orthogonal experiments, and the effects of reaction pressure, reaction time, and reaction temperature on the copolymerization reaction were investigated. The molecular weight of the oligocarbonate diols can be conveniently and precisely controlled within the range of 1000–5000 g/mol, and the carbonate content can be controlled within 3–90%. PECDLs with a carbonate content lower than 70% exhibit significant water solubility. Due to the extremely low cost of carbon dioxide and epoxide, PECDLs with different compositions show extremely extensive attraction for many practical applications in the polyurethane industry, PVC environmentally friendly plasticizers, and novel biodegradable surfactants. This technology certainly triggers hot topics in both carbon dioxide utilization and biodegradable chemical feedstuffs.","author":[{"family":"He","given":"Lian"},{"family":"Zhong","given":"Wenbin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Shuanjin"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Sheng"},{"family":"Han","given":"Dongmei"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Min"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Yuezhong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acspolymersau.5c00138","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acspolymersau.5c00138","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416980788","type":"article-journal","title":"Photo‑redox flow batteries as a promising pathway to sustainable energy storage: Case studies of Morocco and Poland","abstract":"Purpose. The paper examines how photo-redox flow batteries can support a sustainable energy transition in Morocco and Poland by simultaneously harvesting and storing solar energy, thereby reducing dependence on fossil fuels and mitigating the intermittency of renewables. Methodology. The study combines a review of national energy policies and renewable energy targets with a comparative techno-economic assessment of photo-redox flow battery deployment scenarios in both countries, focusing on system performance, grid integration, and long-term sustainability indicators. Results. The findings show that photo-redox flow batteries can significantly increase the share of solar energy in national power mixes, improve grid stability, and lower lifecycle emissions compared to conventional storage and fossil-based generation, with particularly strong gains under high-renewables scenarios for Morocco and coal-replacement pathways for Poland. Theoretical contribution. The paper extends the emerging literature on next-generation energy storage by conceptualizing photo-redox flow batteries as a dual harvest–store technology and by linking their deployment to macro-level energy security, decarbonization, and resilience outcomes in middle-income and coal-dependent economies. Practical implications. The results provide policymakers and energy planners with evidence-based guidance on integrating photo-redox flow batteries into national energy strategies, including indicative design parameters, investment priorities, and regulatory measures to accelerate clean energy deployment while managing economic and geopolitical risks. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy; SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure; SDG 13: Climate Action","author":[{"family":"Boutouil","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Boulika","given":"Hamza"},{"family":"Chiki","given":"Zineb"},{"family":"Idrissi","given":"Najiba"},{"family":"Bilan","given":"Yuriy"},{"family":"Kandri","given":"Noureddine"},{"family":"Hazm","given":"Jamal"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.14254/jems.2025.10-2.1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.14254/jems.2025.10-2.1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7117732912","type":"article-journal","title":"Online Mass Spectrometry Investigation of SEI Formation on Carbon Electrode Surfaces in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Oxygen and Additive Effects","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used due to their high cyclability and stability. However, the high cost of raw materials has spurred interest in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as a cost-effective alternative. Despite this, SIBs suffer from lower energy density and poorer cyclability, leaving them in a developmental stage. The formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is critical for battery performance as it stabilizes the electrode and prevents further solvent degradation during cycling. This study investigated the SEI formation mechanism in sodium-based EC/DEC electrolyte by monitoring the evolution of volatile products and comparing them with those in lithium-based electrolytes under Ar and O 2 atmospheres using online electrochemical mass spectrometry and vibrational spectroscopy. It was demonstrated that the SEI forms via similar reaction pathways in both sodium- and lithium-based electrolytes. However, Na + lead to more significant ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) evolution during this process. Upon introducing O 2 into the operating environment, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water were produced during the initial cycle. At the same time, the amount of C 2 H 4 evolved was significantly lower than under Ar. The results indicate that in the presence of O 2, the superoxide (O 2 – ) generated during the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) alters the decomposition of EC molecules into two pathways. Because O 2 – is more stable in sodium-based electrolytes, a larger fraction of O 2 – participates in the decomposition of EC. This alters the electrochemical reduction reaction (ERR) pathway of C 2 H 4 generated from EC decomposition to an ORR pathway that yields CO 2 . We also found that specific additives, such as vinylene carbonate (VC) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), can improve SEI stability in SIBs by inhibiting solvent decomposition and promoting the formation of a denser, stronger SEI. These findings provide valuable insights into the development of stable SEI, particularly for advancing the performance of SIBs.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"P"},{"family":"Nakahata","given":"Seiya"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Baoxu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Bingbing"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Dongyu"},{"family":"Inoue","given":"Ken‐ichi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"L"},{"family":"Honma","given":"Itaru"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Shen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsaem.5c03054","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c03054","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128473058","type":"article-journal","title":"The Impact of Carbon Pricing Mechanisms on Regional Power Sector Emissions: Evidence From Guangdong, China","abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigates low‐carbon transition pathways and carbon neutrality planning in Guangdong Province, China's largest energy consumer. Using integrated regression analysis, electricity demand is projected to increase from 850 TWh in 2023 to 1580 TWh by 2060. A coupled LEAP‐NEMO modeling framework assesses the impacts of key policies including carbon pricing, renewable energy expansion, and energy storage deployment. Five scenarios are evaluated: Baseline (BAS), Renewable Energy Promotion (REP), High Carbon Price (HCP), Advanced Storage Technology Breakthrough (ASP), and Comprehensive Policy Mix (COM). Results show that single policies reduce emissions but are insufficient for carbon neutrality. The ASP and COM scenarios, combining multiple technologies and policies, achieve substantial decarbonization. Under the COM scenario, carbon emissions decline by 93% relative to the baseline, reaching 47.6 Mt by 2060, with renewables accounting for 88% of generation and coal power phased out under strict carbon pricing. Economic analysis reveals that despite higher initial investments, the COM scenario lowers long‐term operational costs by approximately 12% compared to the baseline, demonstrating the economic benefits of policy synergy. Based on Guangdong's energy profile and policy outcomes, key recommendations include developing differentiated carbon market mechanisms to align carbon and electricity prices, enhancing cross‐regional energy coordination within the Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area, and optimizing energy storage deployment to support high renewable integration.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Caixia"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Yao"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Erqun"},{"family":"Lei","given":"Mingze"},{"family":"Wattana","given":"Supannika"},{"family":"Wattana","given":"Buncha"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ese3.70470","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70470","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128436880","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent advances in semiconductor quantum dots for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction","abstract":"Developing efficient carbon capture, utilization and storage methods is essential to offset adverse global climate changes. Among those methods, photocatalytic CO2 conversion is emerging as an effective and sustainable solution. Among the various photocatalysts, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are particularly promising for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) due to their unique features, such as quantum confinement effect, large absorption coefficient, and beneficial surface properties. This review provides a comprehensive and distinctive perspective by integrating three critical dimensions: advanced mechanistic understanding through cutting-edge characterization techniques, systematic stability analysis under realistic operating conditions, and direct CO2 capture-utilization integration. We highlight recent strategies for improving the CO2RR performance of QDs, including bandgap tuning, ion doping, defect and heterojunction engineering, ligand modification and cocatalyst loading. We also explore integrated approaches that couple CO2 capture with photocatalytic conversion. Furthermore, we address the critical transition from laboratory demonstrations to real-world implementation by analyzing long-term stability, degradation mechanisms, and realistic cyclic operating conditions inadequately addressed in current research. Finally, we address prevailing challenges and future prospects, aiming to spark continuous innovation in applying QDs to CO2 capture and conversion.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Pengpeng"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yuru"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Junyan"},{"family":"Hong","given":"Juanji"},{"family":"Song","given":"Ningning"},{"family":"He","given":"JH"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Zhanjun"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Minmin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.20517/energymater.2025.175","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2025.175","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7126185491","type":"article-journal","title":"Tuning Li + and Na + Functionality in Renewable Carbon Electroactive Material Through Site‐Specific Nanostructural Disorder","abstract":"Understanding the hybrid structural characteristics of carbon remains a significant challenge, hindering the development of clear design principles for optimizing electrode materials in energy storage systems-particularly in lithium-ion (Li-ion) and sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries. Traditionally, the localized structural disorder and intrinsic porosity of carbon have been regarded as the primary contributors to its high storage capacity in Na-ion batteries. However, our investigation reveals that the hybrid structural features of carbon play a more dominant role in enhancing energy storage performance in Li-ion systems compared to Na-ion counterparts. Through comprehensive materials characterization and electrochemical analysis, we establish a direct correlation between the local microstructural attributes of carbon and its ion storage kinetics which elucidate the distinct ion-storage mechanisms that differentiate Li-ion from Na-ion systems. This study reinforces our findings that configurational defects are crucial for achieving high initial storage capacity in carbon crafted with mixed-phase structures, but the in-plane size of nano-layered microdomains plays a key role in ensuring long-term stable storage capacity in rechargeable batteries.","author":[{"family":"Sarkar","given":"Montajar"},{"family":"Hossain","given":"Rumana"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Jian"},{"family":"Thilakarathna","given":"Dilan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Y"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Y"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Neeraj"},{"family":"Sahajwalla","given":"Veena"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202523383","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202523383","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7136884920","type":"article-journal","title":"Enhanced power management in PV-Integrated hybrid energy storage systems using fuzzy 2DOF-PI control optimized by hippopotamus algorithm","abstract":"This study presents an advanced control strategy for a standalone photovoltaic (PV) system integrated with a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) comprising batteries and supercapacitors (SCs). The proposed system employs a novel Fuzzy Logic-based Two-Degree-of-Freedom Proportional-Integral (Fuzzy 2DOF-PI) controller, optimized using the Hippopotamus Optimization (HO) algorithm, to enhance power management and stability. The batteries address long-term energy demands, while SCs handle instantaneous power fluctuations, mitigating stress on the batteries and extending their lifespan. The control strategy ensures optimal power distribution, maintains DC bus voltage stability, and prevents battery overcharging by regulating the State of Charge (SOC) within safe limits. The system's performance is validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations under varying solar irradiance and load conditions. Comparative analyses with classical PI, Fuzzy PI-based Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) demonstrate the better dynamic response, reduced transient time, and minimized overshoot of the proposed approach. Results indicate improvements of at least 15% in peak overshoot and 10% in transient duration, highlighting the robustness and efficiency of the Fuzzy 2DOF-PI controller in hybrid energy storage applications.","author":[{"family":"Kotb","given":"Hossam"},{"family":"Khairalla","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Elrefaie","given":"Hesham"},{"family":"Aboras","given":"Kareem"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-026-40106-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40106-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7132843904","type":"article-journal","title":"Renewal Strategies for Community Micro Public Spaces Based on the Valuation of Carbon Sequestration and Reduction","abstract":"Urban public spaces are an essential component of everyday life in urban communities, and micro public spaces have become an important vehicle for improving living environment quality and enhancing ecological benefits in community renewal within built-up areas. From an economic perspective, this study focuses on the quantification of carbon value generated through the renewal of micro public spaces. Four micro public spaces of comparable size but differing locational and functional characteristics, completed in Wuhan in 2023, were selected as case studies. Plant carbon sequestration was estimated using the biomass expansion factor method combined with field-based forestry surveys, while indirect emission reduction associated with residents’ outdoor activities was assessed through spatiotemporal observations of user behavior. These results were further translated into carbon value based on China’s carbon trading standards to support comparative analysis and design-oriented recommendations. The results indicate that direct sequestration significantly outweighs indirect reduction: the carbon storage density of trees ranges from 0.40 to 1.97 kg/m2, with the total storage of HRP reaching 11,587.36 kg; in contrast, annual indirect reduction from resident activities is only 1.34–141.19 kg. Carbon sequestration performance is strongly influenced by the presence of large trees, while micro public spaces located in newly developed and commercial areas exhibit substantially lower emission reduction efficiency than those in older and densely populated residential neighborhoods. In addition, the functional attributes of micro public spaces shape age-specific use patterns, thereby significantly affecting emission reduction outcomes. Based on these findings, targeted optimization strategies for micro public space renewal are proposed to support people-oriented, sustainable, and systematic low-carbon urban regeneration.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Chang"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Yihan"},{"family":"He","given":"Sanqing"},{"family":"Chen","given":"YJ"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Ying"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings16050945","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16050945","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128808344","type":"article-journal","title":"Active‐Site Interactions in a Synergistic Porous Structured Fe Nanoparticle–Carbon Electrocatalyst for Enhanced Redox Reactions in Alkaline Zn–Air Batteries","abstract":"In practical applications, zinc–air batteries (ZABs) require high‐performance, durable, and cost‐effective electrocatalysts for the critical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, we describe a reflux synthesis method of constructing a porous catalyst by introducing turmeric yellow into extremely porous bio‐carbon (PC) materials that contain iron nanoparticles (Fe NPs); these catalysts are known as Fe NPs@PC. These catalysts have become a significant substitute for high‐performance cathodes in ZABs because their electrochemical properties can improve ORR performance. In addition to enhancing conductivity, the OER/ORR bifunctional active sites must be balanced by optimizing the FeC and FeFe interactions within the active site. X‐ray absorption analysis and density functional theory confirmed that strong iron‐carbon interactions promote OER ( η 10 = 320 mV) and ORR ( E 1/2 = 0.786 V) activity and exhibit a smaller potential gap of 0.764 V of Fe NPs@PC‐700 catalyst. The impact of this redox activity enhances the high‐power density (219 mW cm −2 ) and long‐term charge–discharge cycle stability (85 h@3 mA cm −2 ) of ZABs. This work charts a viable route for the assembly of practical ZABs by regulating bifunctional electrocatalysts via appropriate modification of active sites.","author":[{"family":"Kumar","given":"Ramasamy"},{"family":"Mannu","given":"Pandian"},{"family":"Srinivasadesikan","given":"Venkatesan"},{"family":"Bhuvanendran","given":"Narayanamoorthy"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Chung‐li"},{"family":"Yoo","given":"Dong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smsc.202500448","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202500448","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128157880","type":"article-journal","title":"Corporate Carbon Footprint and Scope 3 Emissions in Stainless Steel Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking: A Step To Tackle Climate Change","abstract":"Abstract Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) steelmaking is generally less carbon-intensive than primary production routes; however, stainless steel production involves significant upstream Scope 3 emissions that are critical for comprehensive carbon accounting. This study presents a corporate carbon footprint (CF) analysis, based on primary data, of an EAF steelworks producing stainless steel long products, conducted according to ISO 14064:2019, GHG Protocol guidelines, and relevant Product Category Rules. A cradle-to-gate analysis quantified Scopes 1, 2, and 3 emissions for a functional unit of 1 ton of stainless steel produced. The total CF was determined to be 4.57 ton CO2,eq/tonSS, with Scope 3 emissions as the dominant contribution at approximately 70%. Upstream raw material production, primarily ferroalloys for chromium and nickel, drives ≈80% of Scope 3 emissions. Scope 1 emissions (14.7% of total CF) and Scope 2 emissions (15.1% of total CF) constituted smaller yet notable shares. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions, illustrating the main defossilization levers available to steelmakers. This reinforced the importance of Scope 3 emissions embedded in raw materials creating a shift for meaningful defossilization in scrap-based stainless steel production, which must be realized at the value chain level, overcoming the single steelmaking site.","author":[{"family":"Testini","given":"Luca"},{"family":"Misul","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Morreale","given":"Vincenzo"},{"family":"Brocard","given":"Philippe"},{"family":"Persico","given":"Livia"},{"family":"Mombelli","given":"Davide"},{"family":"Dotelli","given":"Giovanni"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acssusresmgt.5c00588","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssusresmgt.5c00588","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7136079817","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-carbon electricity generation through demand and carbon neutrality prediction 2035 of a transitional economy: decomposition and LEAP learning approaches","abstract":"The precise forecasting of total electricity generation and consumption can provide data support for framing the sustainable development planning of a developing nation. The study framework is composed of two phases: electricity generation and carbon mitigation framework and structure and logical procedures. This study develops decomposition and Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning system methods and analyzes electricity and CO 2 emission mitigation scenarios for 2025–2035 under Energy Vision 2035, including policy implementation, carbon management, and intensity effects. Six main driving factors, including low-carbon structure, electricity generation intensity, energy security, energy intensity, carbon productivity, and CO 2 emissions for four decades, are investigated. The results show that (i) low-carbon electricity presents a rising trend in the current phase, which means the renewable electricity structure is undergoing development; (ii) the carbon production factor shows the Pakistan's economy is improving due to substantial advancements in low-carbon electricity generation, mitigating CO 2 emissions; (iii) electricity demand scenarios show that renewable, hydro, and nuclear electricity are major contributing resources and are lowering CO 2 emissions; (iv) CO 2 emission mitigation scenarios from 2025 to 2035 indicate that CO 2 will be cut by 63.40%, showing that low-carbon electricity resources may produce relative efficiencies in the electricity sector; and, finally, and (v) the development of low-carbon electricity generation and decarbonization could be ensured by regulating carbon mitigation policies and technical development.","author":[{"family":"Raza","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Boqiang"},{"family":"Javed","given":"Qasim"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fsuep.2026.1766522","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsuep.2026.1766522","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7116942832","type":"article-journal","title":"A Critical Review of Green Hydrogen Production by Electrolysis: From Technology and Modeling to Performance and Cost","abstract":"As the world shifts toward a low-carbon future, green hydrogen has emerged as a critical pillar of the energy transition. It is produced using renewable energy to power water electrolysis, and it is a clean and flexible alternative to hydrogen made from fossil fuels. However it is still hard to roll out on a large scale because of technological limits, high costs, and the need for infrastructure. This review critically analyzes current electrolysis methods, including established systems like alkaline and PEM electrolyzers, as well as newly developed concepts such as AEMWE and SOWE. It discusses how they can be used in renewable energy systems, important techno-economic and durability problems, system modeling, and grid interaction. This work clarifies both the technological potential and the practical limitations of green-hydrogen electrolyzer systems while highlighting key directions for future research and implementation.","author":[{"family":"Louli","given":"Rafika"},{"family":"Giurgea","given":"Stéfan"},{"family":"Salhi","given":"Issam"},{"family":"Laghrouche","given":"Salah"},{"family":"Djerdir","given":"Abdesslem"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19010059","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010059","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125738568","type":"article-journal","title":"Technological Pathways to Low-Carbon Supply Chains: Evaluating the Decarbonization Impact of AI and Robotics","abstract":"Background: Achieving deep decarbonization in global supply chains is essential for advancing net-zero objectives; however, the integrative role of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics in this transition remains insufficiently explored. This study examines how these technologies support carbon-emission reduction across supply chain operations. Methods: A curated corpus of 83 Scopus-indexed peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2025 is analyzed and organized into six domains covering supply chain and logistics, warehousing operations, AI methodologies, robotic systems, emission-mitigation strategies, and implementation barriers. Results: AI-driven optimization consistently reduces transport emissions by enhancing routing efficiency, load consolidation, and multimodal coordination. Robotic systems simultaneously improve energy efficiency and precision in warehousing, yielding substantial indirect emission reductions. Major barriers include the high energy consumption of certain AI models, limited data interoperability, and poor scalability of current applications. Conclusions: AI and robotics hold substantial transformative potential for advancing supply chain decarbonization; nevertheless, their net environmental impact depends on improving the energy efficiency of digital infrastructures and strengthening cross-organizational data governance mechanisms. The proposed framework delineates technological and organizational pathways that can guide future research and industrial implementation, providing novel insights and actionable guidance for researchers and practitioners aiming to accelerate the low-carbon transition.","author":[{"family":"Mrad","given":"Mariem"},{"family":"Frikha","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Boujelbene","given":"Younes"},{"family":"Rahmouni","given":"Mohieddine"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/logistics10020031","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10020031","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7138838856","type":"article-journal","title":"Predictive modeling for the mean diameter of carbon nanotubes produced by methane decomposition","abstract":"The catalytic decomposition of methane represents an efficient route for carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis, yet the quantitative prediction of CNT mean diameter under multivariate processing conditions remains challenging. This study aims to develop and compare a suite of data‑driven models capable of capturing the nonlinear correlations among compositional and operational parameters governing CNT growth. A dataset of 66 experimental entries from peer‑reviewed sources was compiled, including 16 catalysts and reaction‑related variables numerically encoded and normalized before modeling. Neural networks (ANN and CNN), kernel, linear, and nine ensemble regression algorithms were optimized via systematic hyperparameter tuning and evaluated using R 2 , MSE, and MRD% metrics across training, testing, and validation stages. Outlier analysis confirmed the statistical integrity and balanced diversity of the dataset, supporting robust learning and generalization. Among the models, Gradient Boosting and Random Forest achieved nearly perfect predictive fidelity (R 2 ≈ 0.999, MSE < 0.35, MRD ≈ 2%), followed by CatBoost, Gaussian Process, and CNN with high yet slightly variable accuracy. Linear regressors yielded moderate fits with limited nonlinear adaptability, while instance‑based (KNN) and structural (DT) models exhibited partial overfitting. SHAP interpretability of CatBoost output revealed Mo, CeO 2 , and reduction parameters as the most influential variables controlling nanotube diameter, linking model predictions to catalytic chemistry. The integrated modeling strategy provides a transparent and highly accurate pathway for predictive CNT morphological control, establishing ensemble‑based algorithms as effective tools for catalytic nanomaterial optimization and design.","author":[{"family":"Almansour","given":"Shahad"},{"family":"Alkwai","given":"Lulwah"},{"family":"Yadav","given":"Kusum"},{"family":"Zneid","given":"Basem"},{"family":"Pashtun","given":"Fatimah"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s11671-026-04512-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04512-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407374359","type":"article-journal","title":"Harnessing the Power of Photosynthesis: from Current Engineering Strategies to Cell Factory Applications","abstract":") into biomass powered by solar energy. However, natural photosynthesis is limited by factors such as low photosynthetic efficiency and constraints on the range of output products. To address these issues, researchers have developed various strategies for designing and engineering photosynthetic systems. These strategies include nanomaterial-assisted approaches to enhance light absorption and accelerate electron transfer, microfluidic technologies for precise manipulation of enzyme modules, synthetic biology techniques to optimize metabolic pathways, and photo-bioelectrochemical systems (PBESs) for efficient utilization of photosynthetic electrons. Inspired by these, numerous applications have emerged in the fields of artificial organelles, promotion of hypoxic tissue healing, bioproduction, and environmental production and sustainability. This review provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles of photosynthesis, encompassing light and carbon reactions. Additionally, it offers an overview of recent strategies for the design, structuring, and engineering of photosynthetic systems, while discussing several applications of photosynthesis. Finally, this review highlights the potential of engineered photosynthetic systems to address challenges in energy and matter conversion across various fields, offering insights into the future of sustainable, photosynthesis-based technologies.","author":[{"family":"Shi","given":"Yujie"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zefeng"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Xiaowei"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhaoxin"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jianbo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smtd.202402147","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202402147","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7135074287","type":"article-journal","title":"Temperature shapes spatial-temporal patterns of global soil carbon accumulation","abstract":"Mitigation of climate change and maintenance of ecosystem functions highlight the great importance of carbon sequestration in soil, which is a long-term process ongoing over decades, centuries, and even millennia. Here we compiled 2,222 radiocarbon (14C) measurements of soil organic matter from 408 soil profiles spanning all major biomes and coupled radiocarbon-based chronology with a chronosequence framework to reconstruct soil carbon accumulation since the early Holocene. This millennial-scale reconstruction captures long-term, non-linear trajectories and biome-dependent patterns over the Holocene. Our findings indicate that temperature was the dominant factor shaping the global spatial and temporal patterns of the carbon accumulation rate (CAR). Notably, the spatial sensitivity of CAR to temperature was nearly twofold greater than the within-profile temporal sensitivity, indicating that spatial gradients alone do not fully represent the magnitude of long-term temperature responses. Globally, CAR declines from the early Holocene to the present (Anthropocene) and is projected to decrease further by 11% under the SSP126 scenario and by 18% under the SSP585 scenario. High-latitude permafrost and wetland soils show the highest historical CAR but also the largest projected declines, whereas tropical soils exhibit a positive CAR–temperature relationship, which may reflect warming-associated increases in plant and root carbon inputs over long timescales. This radiocarbon-constrained CAR reconstruction provides an observation-based benchmark for evaluating Earth system models and highlights the increasing vulnerability of high-latitude soil carbon reservoirs under ongoing warming.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Shanshan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Kuzyakov","given":"Yakov"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Pete"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Lixin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yafeng"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Shuai"},{"family":"Huo","given":"Huangyu"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Xiling"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Miaoyue"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jiayi"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Ding","given":"Jinzhi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.59717/j.xinn-geo.2026.100214","URL":"https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-geo.2026.100214","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7147566590","type":"article-journal","title":"Nanostructured Carbon‐Enhanced Positive Active Mass for Absorbent Glass Mat 2 V Lead Acid Batteries: Toward Improved Active Material Utilization, Extended Cyclability, and Reduced Water Loss","abstract":"This article investigates the effects of three commercial carbon compounds—graphite, carbon black (CB), and carbon nanotubes (d‐CNT)—on positive active material (PAM) utilization, cycling performance, and water consumption (WC) in 2 V absorbent glass mat lead–acid batteries (LABs). After an initial screening of these materials based on their physicochemical properties—such as surface area, porosity, degree of graphitization, conductivity, and contact angle (wettability)—the carbon additives were incorporated into positive electrodes during manufacturing and tested in cells with a 1+/2− configuration. Both C 20 and cold cranking tests revealed a significant increase in the specific discharge capacity of LABs containing d‐CNT and graphite. Furthermore, LABs incorporating d‐CNT or graphite exhibited an enhanced cyclability over other samples during the 50% depth‐of‐discharge test, also demonstrating a greater capacity to accept a larger charge during initial recharge. WC analysis, conducted in accordance with EN 50 342‐1:2016−11 protocol, revealed reduced water loss, particularly in LABs with d‐CNT, due to the increased recombination rate of hydrogen and oxygen resulting from electrolyte water electrolysis. Postmortem physicochemical analysis of the positive plates confirms these results. The CB‐containing PAM exhibited the highest PbSO 4 content, with scanning electron microscopy revealing larger PbSO 4 crystallites on its surface. In contrast, graphite‐ and d‐CNT‐based samples showed smaller PbSO 4 particles randomly distributed over the PAM surface, whereas in the STD PAM, PbO 2 polymorphs covered larger PbSO 4 crystallites.","author":[{"family":"Cattelan","given":"Marco"},{"family":"Daniel","given":"Giorgia"},{"family":"Zamboni","given":"Diego"},{"family":"Fabris","given":"D"},{"family":"Aliberti","given":"Roberto"},{"family":"Mazzucato","given":"Marco"},{"family":"Cazzanti","given":"Silvia"},{"family":"Durante","given":"Christian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/celc.202500472","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.202500472","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407265837","type":"article-journal","title":"Establishing leadership in bringing carbon capture, utilisation and storage to scale","abstract":"Carbon capture, utilisation and storage, often referred to simply as CCUS, refers to a suite of technologies to decarbonise many hard-to-abate industries. However, commercial-scale adoption of CCUS technologies faces critical barriers related to application scope, societal acceptance, and financing. Here we propose how fossil energy-exporting countries are uniquely situated to expedite CCUS deployment at scale. Using a sociotechnical systems perspective, we show how one such country, the United Arab Emirates, serves as an important case study for addressing eight different sociotechnical barriers to CCUS adoption. We evaluate the elements that are addressed by factors related to local context and those which represent opportunities for application in other geographies. We argue that scaling-up CCUS is both a duty and opportunity for countries like the UAE as they decarbonise their industries and economies.","author":[{"family":"Farsaoui","given":"Maryem"},{"family":"Uratani","given":"Joao"},{"family":"Abuzahra","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Griffiths","given":"Steve"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.103960","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2025.103960","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410106427","type":"article-journal","title":"Evolution, trends, and future research directions of carbon capture, utilization and storage – A comprehensive bibliometric and systematic review","abstract":"A viable means of cutting emissions and assisting in the worldwide endeavour to reach a net-zero carbon footprint is through the use of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology. In this work, a comprehensive review of studies on CCUS published from 2010 to 2023 was analysed. The study analysed 4943 documents from various publications in the Scopus database, focusing on research concepts published from 2010 to 2023. The \"R\" package was used to identify and visualize emerging themes and examine the papers based on these themes. The literature highlights challenges in carbon capture research, such as variable cost and the need for advancements in capture processes and liquid solvent performance. Hybrid technologies integrating adsorption and separation methods are suggested for future studies. According to the analysis, interest and research on CCUS increased by 15.84 %, with 13,799 authors and a high percentage of international co-authorship. China leads CCUS research with 6431 documents.","author":[{"family":"Agyekum","given":"Ephraim"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Tahir"},{"family":"Tahir","given":"Mustafa"},{"family":"Sultan","given":"Sakhr"},{"family":"Mbasso","given":"Wulfran"},{"family":"Rashid","given":"Farhan"},{"family":"Togun","given":"Hussein"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.egyr.2025.04.063","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2025.04.063","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7123349495","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparative Evaluation of Temporal Fusion Transformer (TFT) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Models for Optimizing Water-Alternating-Gas (WAG) Processes in CCUS Projects","abstract":"Abstract Optimizing WAG processes is crucial for maximizing oil recovery and carbon sequestration efficiency in CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) projects. This study presents a comparative evaluation of two deep learning models, Temporal Fusion Transformer (TFT) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), for multivariate forecasting of oil production, CO2 sequestration efficiency, utilization, and retention in WAG scenarios. A comprehensive dataset of digitized monthly production and injection data from six U.S. fields was used to train and validate both models. The results show that the LSTM model outperforms the TFT model in terms of accuracy and reduced errors, with improved predictive capabilities for oil production and CO2 sequestration efficiency. The LSTM model achieved high predictive accuracy, with R2 values reaching 0.99 and robust mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) factors. In contrast, the TFT model achieved R2 values of 0.87 and higher MAE and RMSE factors. Head-to-head accuracy favors the LSTM model, as it achieves higher fit quality and lower errors in the majority of comparisons for both EOR oil and CO2. The size of the margin varies by case, but the direction of the difference is consistent. This outcome, though unexpected due to the advanced nature of TFT, aligns with the learning conditions in this study, where the forecast horizon is short, the historical time series per field are modest in length, and the covariate set is compact. Under such conditions, a compact recurrent architecture like LSTM tends to generalize efficiently and resist variance from operational noise, while a higher-capacity transformer like TFT is more sensitive to data volume and hyperparameters such as encoder length, attention size, learning rate, and dropout. Additionally, LSTM converges more stably with modest tuning, enabling it to reach strong solutions within the available data and horizon. The forecasts generated by the LSTM model enabled actionable short-term operational recommendations, such as adjusting the WAG ratio to optimize CO2 retention and utilization efficiency. For example, adjusting the WAG ratio from 0.9 to 1.9 in the Denver Unit increased CO2 retention by 168% and utilization efficiency by 50%. These optimizations support enhanced carbon abatement by reducing CO2 recycling and improving sequestration permanence. This study demonstrates the potential of deep learning models, particularly LSTM, to optimize WAG processes and improve the efficiency of CO2 EOR operations. The approach offers a scalable, data-driven alternative to simulation workflows, aligning EOR operations with climate and sustainability targets. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparative study of LSTM and TFT models for real-field CO2 EOR forecasting and WAG strategy optimization.","author":[{"family":"Wagia-Alla","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Almutairi","given":"Nasser"},{"family":"Alsakhin","given":"Zahra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.2523/iptc-25235-ms","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-25235-ms","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407594169","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage in the MENA Region: A Regional Review of Projects and Challenges","abstract":"Abstract Climate change poses a severe threat to both the environment and human health, manifesting in floods, droughts, global warming, and food and energy security threats. This threat arises from the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), especially carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). The challenge lies in effectively managing and utilizing CO 2 by reducing atmospheric carbon footprints and integrating CO 2 into the energy value chain in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, where the prominent oil and gas industry and the transition to renewable energy sources are emerging. Thus, understanding the progress in carbon management is crucial. The carboniferous geological formations in this region present promising prospects for CO 2 storage, emphasizing the permanence of sequestration and the potential for enhancing oil recovery and economic diversification. This review systematically examines the carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) life cycle, including CO 2 emissions, CCUS technologies, research and development (R&D) trends, and policy frameworks in the MENA region. Furthermore, it discusses the main challenges in implementing CCUS projects in a larger scale in this region. The modularized approach of this analysis is motivated by the absence of a comprehensive review for this region. It aims to provide strategic insights into the region’s global standing in the rapid growth of environmental responsibility.","author":[{"family":"Bou-Hamdan","given":"Kamel"},{"family":"Sufyan","given":"Faraz"},{"family":"Abbas","given":"Azza"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s13369-025-09999-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-025-09999-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9693461/v1","type":"article-journal","title":"Development and temporal validation of an auditable EHR-based risk-ranking pipeline integrating Chinese admission notes and laboratory data for cardiac intensive care: a retrospective cohort study","abstract":"Abstract Background Early risk stratification in cardiac intensive care units (CCUs) is limited by incomplete capture of clinical context in structured electronic health record (EHR) fields. We evaluated whether Chinese admission-note features add prognostic information to structured clinical and laboratory variables for CCU risk ranking. Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective EHR cohort study of 1365 unique CCU patients admitted between 2023 and 2025. Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) was adjudicated as critical illness/withdrawal, transfer, or early discharge after improvement. The primary outcome was in-hospital death or critical illness-related DAMA; two unclassified DAMA cases were excluded. Models were developed in 2023–2024 admissions and temporally validated in 2025 admissions. Clinical, clinical plus laboratory, rule-based text-feature, and multimodal models were compared using discrimination, precision-recall performance, calibration, decision curve analysis, integrated discrimination improvement, and continuous net reclassification improvement. Results Among 1363 patients in the primary analysis, 115 experienced the primary outcome (8.4%). The development and temporal validation cohorts included 822 patients with 68 events and 536 patients with 46 events, respectively. In temporal validation, the multimodal model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.726 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.656–0.793), compared with 0.693 (95% CI, 0.615–0.768) for the clinical plus laboratory model. The AUC difference was modest and statistically uncertain (delta AUC, 0.033; 95% CI, -0.001 to 0.065; bootstrap P = 0.054). Precision-recall performance did not clearly improve, and calibration slopes were substantially below 1.0. Conclusions Clinical adjudication of DAMA improved endpoint interpretability. An auditable EHR-based multimodal pipeline showed numerically higher temporal validation discrimination than structured data alone, but the incremental gain was modest and calibration was suboptimal. External validation, recalibration, and independent manual validation of text-derived features are needed before implementation. Trial registration: Not applicable.","author":[{"family":"Zuo","given":"Quan"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Li"},{"family":"Tao","given":"Ge"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9693461/v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9693461/v1","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.3390/nano15181426","type":"article-journal","title":"Nano-Heterojunction NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Gas Sensor Based on &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;-ZnO Nanorods/&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-NiO Nanoparticles Under UV Illumination at Room Temperature.","abstract":"Room-temperature (RT) gas sensors for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) detection face persistent challenges, including reliance on high operating temperatures and inefficient charge carrier utilization under UV activation. To address these limitations, we engineered a p-n nano-heterojunction (NHJ) gas sensor by integrating p-type nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles onto n-type zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods. This architecture leverages UV-driven carrier generation and interfacial electric fields at the NHJ to suppress recombination, enabling unprecedented RT performance. By optimizing thermal annealing conditions, we achieved a well-defined heterojunction with uniform NiO distribution on the top of the ZnO nanorods, validated through electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The resulting sensor exhibits a 5.4-fold higher normalized response to 50 ppm NO2 under 365 nm UV illumination compared to pristine ZnO, alongside rapid recovery and stable cyclability. The synergistic combination of UV-assisted carrier generation and heterojunction-driven interfacial modulation offers a promising direction for next-generation RT gas sensors aimed at environmental monitoring.","author":[{"family":"Park","given":"Yoon"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Sohyeon"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Junyoung"},{"family":"Jeong","given":"Jaehoon"},{"family":"Byun","given":"Sung"},{"family":"Shin","given":"Jiyoon"},{"family":"Park","given":"Il‐kyu"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Kyoung‐kook"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15181426","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15181426","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W7117304453","type":"article-journal","title":"From Ecological Function to Economic Value: Forest Carbon Sinks and Regional Sustainable Growth in China","abstract":"Forest carbon sinks (FCS)—referring specifically to ecosystem-based carbon sequestration provided by forest ecosystems—are being increasingly recognized as a strategic form of natural capital under China’s “dual carbon” goals. While the ecological value of FCS is being translated into economic benefits through carbon markets, eco-compensation, and green finance, the extent to which ecosystem carbon sinks can continuously drive regional economic growth—and how such effects differ across regions—remains insufficiently understood. Using panel data for 294 Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2010 to 2022, this study employs dynamic panel methods to examine the dynamic, nonlinear, and heterogeneous impacts of ecosystem-based FCS on economic growth. The results show that (1) FCS significantly promote economic growth but follow an inverted U-shaped pattern, indicating diminishing marginal returns; (2) notable regional heterogeneity exists, with the strongest effects in central and western regions, while eastern cities exhibit weaker responses due to structural and spatial constraints; and (3) clear threshold effects are present, suggesting that industrial upgrading, urbanization, and moderate government intervention can amplify the economic contribution of FCS. These findings clarify the mechanism through which FCS transitions from ecological assets to economic capital, providing theoretical and empirical support for sustainable forest management, ecological-industrial integration, and carbon market optimization in the pursuit of carbon neutrality.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Shun"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Peng"},{"family":"Na","given":"Sanggyun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/f17010025","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010025","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130511447","type":"article-journal","title":"Effect of soil health management on soil water storage for climate resilience","abstract":"Abstract Soil health (SH) management has been promoted to improve climate resilience across agricultural systems. An on‐farm field study was conducted to (1) evaluate the soil water storage (SWS) in SH and conventional (CV) management systems across four paired sites in Minnesota and Wisconsin and (2) to assess the response of these management systems to drought and significant rainfall (>25 mm in 24 h), using SWS as a primary metric. Two solar‐powered soil probes with multiple capacitance sensors were installed from July to October in 2021 and May to October in 2022 and 2023 to monitor soil moisture every 30 min at 10‐, 20‐, 40‐, 60‐, 80‐, and 100‐cm depths. Daily average SWS at the root zone (0‐ to 40‐cm depth) was significantly higher ( p < 0.0001) under SH management compared to CV management. Out of the four sites, three showed at least 7% greater SWS in SH management compared to CV management. During extreme drought periods, the SH management sites consistently had at least 13% higher SWS, showing potential for improved soil moisture retention and resilience to drought. Our analysis showed the SH system captured 35% more water than the CV system overall, but inconsistencies across the sites highlight the need for a larger dataset and more in‐depth analysis to better understand these patterns. Overall, the study indicates that SH systems with varying use of no‐till, cover cropping, and organic amendments can improve the soil's ability to store more water during the growing season, enhancing the resilience of US Midwest agricultural fields.","author":[{"family":"Kwakye","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Garg","given":"Anuradha"},{"family":"Labine","given":"Kathryn"},{"family":"Olson","given":"Greg"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Vasudha"},{"family":"Cates","given":"Anna"},{"family":"Peterson","given":"Heidi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/agg2.70322","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70322","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125096386","type":"article-journal","title":"Understanding the Role of Diethanolamine-Based Protic Ionic Liquids in Corrosion Inhibition: Electrochemical and Surface Characterization of Carbon Steel in Saline Environments","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide This study presents an evaluation of the corrosion inhibition behavior of three protic ionic liquids (PILs), 2-hydroxy diethanolamine formate (PIL A: 2-HDEAF), 2-hydroxy diethanolamine propionate (PIL B: 2-HDEAP), and 2-hydroxy diethanolamine pentanoate (PIL C: 2-HDEAPe), on A36 carbon steel in a chloride electrolyte (3.5 wt % NaCl). The emphasis was converged on elucidating interfacial adsorption, film formation, and surface chemistry that reinforce inhibitor efficacy. A complementary set of electrochemical and surface techniques, including weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), optical microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), was employed to evaluate the electrochemical response and characterize the inhibitor-modified steel surfaces. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to perform an identification of the main phases of corrosion products and adsorbed films. The adsorption behavior was quantitatively evaluated using several adsorption isotherm models, including Langmuir, Temkin, and Freundlich. Among them, the Frumkin isotherm provided the best description of the experimental data, yielding an average standard free energy of adsorption (Δ G ° ad ) of −20.89 kJ mol –1, which is indicative of predominantly physical adsorption at the steel/electrolyte interface. Among the PILs studied, PIL A exhibited the highest inhibition efficiency (>75%) and promoted the formation of a dense, protective interfacial film, whereas PILs B and C showed progressively lower performance. Inhibition efficiency correlated positively with inhibitor concentration and followed the trend PIL A > PIL B > PIL C. Surface morphologies demonstrated significant mitigation of chloride damage in the presence of PILs, consistent with electrochemical results. XRD analysis revealed the stabilization of surface films (iron oxides and oxyhydroxides), including goethite, which are indicative of altered interfacial reactions in the inhibited systems. These results accentuate the importance of interfacial adsorption evaluation and film formation mechanisms in governing corrosion inhibition performance, highlighting the potential of tailored PILs for surface protection in chloride-containing media.","author":[{"family":"Pascoal","given":"Caio"},{"family":"Flórez","given":"Mauro"},{"family":"Salomão","given":"Francisco"},{"family":"Barros","given":"Eduardo"},{"family":"Pinheiro","given":"Regiane"},{"family":"Rezayat","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Fargas","given":"Gemma"},{"family":"Santana","given":"Hosiberto"},{"family":"Araújo","given":"Walney"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c05642","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c05642","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124454594","type":"article-journal","title":"A Systematic Review of Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources in Sports Facilities","abstract":"Many environmental and energy concerns exist, including air pollution and shortages of fossil fuels, and these concerns have motivated much research. Communities are seeking alternative fuels and nations are trying to implement them appropriately. The main alternative is renewable energy, including solar, geothermal, and wind. This systematic review analyzed 39 studies (2010-2024) on renewable energy applications in sports facilities, revealing distinct adoption patterns: solar energy dominated the research (64% of studies), followed by hybrid systems (23%), geothermal (8%), and wind (5%). Our PRISMA-guided analysis shows these renewable sources can be effectively used in sports facilities, especially new ones. Key findings indicate that solar applications achieve average energy savings of 39.1% (34.6-43.6% CI) in studied facilities, while geothermal systems show higher savings at 51.3% (45.8-56.8% CI). The primary emphasis in implementation is placed on solar and hybrid applications at sports stadiums (72% of cases), but geothermal and wind power are rarely employed (15% combined), which can be explained through geographical factors and higher initial costs (average $2.8M vs $1.2M for solar installations). Since these technologies have been advancing over the last few years, their application in sports stadiums and high-energy sports arenas will likely increase. Our review found that facilities adopting renewable energy reduced operational costs by 28-47% annually. Equipping new sport facilities with renewable energies typically makes them more environmentally benign, with demonstrated CO₂ reductions averaging 1,287 tons/year per facility. An important aspect is increased energy efficiency, with hybrid systems showing 47.2% (42.1-52.3% CI) improvement over conventional systems. The integration of renewable energy systems into sports facilities leads to considerable cost savings in the long term (average payback period 6.2 years), demonstrates commitment to environmental stewardship, and aligns facilities with sustainable development principles.","author":[{"family":"Safarpour","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Soltani","given":"Saeed"},{"family":"Rosen","given":"Marc"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.64229/h4apn714","URL":"https://doi.org/10.64229/h4apn714","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118121077","type":"article-journal","title":"Single-Atom Catalysis with Anion-Enriched Environments for Enhanced Stability of Zn–I 2 Batteries","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Aqueous zinc–iodine batteries (AZIBs) are promising next-generation energy storage systems owing to their low-cost, high-energy density, and fast redox kinetics. However, their performance remains limited by sluggish iodine conversion, severe I 2 dissolution, and Zn corrosion. Here, zinc single atoms anchored on nitrogen-doped carbon (Zn-NC) serve as a signal atom catalyst to construct an anion-rich surface microenvironment, which lowers the energy barrier for I 2 redox and accelerates reaction kinetics. Meanwhile, Zn-NC enhances electrochemical activity, effectively adsorbs polyiodides, and suppresses the shuttle effect, collectively improving the rate performance and cycling stability. Electrochemical analyses reveal higher capacitive contributions, reduced polarization, and uniform Zn deposition. Consequently, Zn|I 2 cells deliver over 16000 cycles at 10 C, and pouch cells maintain >300 cycles with >8 mAh cm –2 areal capacity at 54.7% Zn utilization.","author":[{"family":"Ma","given":"Qianyi"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Yihan"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Jingxuan"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Ziran"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Li","given":"Shibin"},{"family":"Long","given":"Xintao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Qingying"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Dan"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Lichao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhongwei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c03294","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c03294","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7127960380","type":"article-journal","title":"Biomass-Derived Functional Silica Materials for Hydrogen Storage: A Short Review","abstract":"Hydrogen storage remains one of the foremost challenges in the transition to a clean energy economy. While extensive research has focused on metal hydrides, carbon materials, and complex sorbents, biomass-derived silica materials with high purity (90 wt.%), large surface areas (297-895 m2.g-1), and mesopores (3-60 nm) show strong potential for hydrogen storage but remain largely unexplored. This review highlights the synthesis, structural properties, and hydrogen storage potential of biomass-derived functional silica materials, with a particular focus on rice husk (RH) and bamboo as a sustainable and abundant precursor. Two principal silicon extraction strategies, combustion and alkali treatment, are discussed, emphasizing their influence on silica purity, morphology, and amorphous structure retention. Thermochemical processes, including acid leaching and controlled calcination, are shown to be essential for removing impurities and tailoring textural properties such as surface area, pore volume, and pore architecture. RH-derived silica supports exhibit outstanding effectiveness in dispersing transition metals like Ni and Fe, which in turn significantly improve hydrogen sorption kinetics, catalytic efficiency, and the long-term stability of the material. Additionally, the review explores how various synthesis pathways are expected to influence the performance of resulting materials in hydrogen storage systems, noting how structural collapse during reprecipitation or thermal treatment can negate surface advantages if not properly managed. The combined advantages of sustainability, tunable structural properties, and seamless compatibility with existing hydrogen storage strategies position biomass-derived silica as a highly promising next-generation platform for advanced hydrogen storage applications. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).","author":[{"family":"Saeid","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Abdulkadir","given":"Bashir"},{"family":"Setiabudi","given":"HD"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.9767/bcrec.20614","URL":"https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.20614","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130683929","type":"article-journal","title":"Renewable Energy Transition Pathways and Net-Zero Strategies","abstract":"This article synthesizes current evidence on renewable energy transition pathways and the design of net-zero strategies, with emphasis on three interdependent levers: (i) recent technological advances shaping renewable deployment and system integration, (ii) the strategic role and constraints of CO₂ capture technologies within power and energy systems, and (iii) the policy architecture required to translate technical potential into durable emissions outcomes. Building on a systems perspective, the paper frames decarbonization as a sequencing problem in which rapid expansion of variable renewables (solar PV and wind) must be co-optimized with enabling infrastructure, transmission and distribution upgrades, inverter-based stability services, storage and demand-side flexibility, to maintain reliability as fossil generation declines. The investigation further evaluates carbon management options, including post-combustion and pre-combustion capture for point sources and emerging CO₂ removal pathways, highlighting that feasibility is governed by capture rates, energy penalties, transport-and-storage access, and robust monitoring, reporting, and verification. Finally, the article assesses how high-impact policy instruments, carbon pricing, clean electricity standards, competitive procurement via auctions and long-term contracts, grid and permitting reform, methane and non-CO₂ regulations, and end-use electrification mandates, interact to reduce investment risk, accelerate deployment, and avoid emissions lock-in. The resulting framework clarifies how technology evolution, infrastructure readiness, and policy credibility jointly determine the cost, pace, and integrity of pathways consistent with mid-century net-zero objectives.","author":[{"family":"Khaleel","given":"Mohamad"},{"family":"Imbayah","given":"Ibrahim"},{"family":"Nassar","given":"Yasser"},{"family":"El-Khozondar","given":"Hala"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.65998/ijees.v3i4.145","URL":"https://doi.org/10.65998/ijees.v3i4.145","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7108083353","type":"article-journal","title":"Material Efficiency as a Key Opportunity to Reduce Embodied Carbon in Structural Systems: Data Insights from 226 Fully Designed Projects","abstract":"In this paper, a data set of material and emissions quantities in 226 fully designed structural systems of buildings engineered by the firm Thornton Tomasetti is analyzed. The data set contains embodied carbon data granular to structural components (floors, framing, walls, columns, and foundations) and type of structural system (steel or reinforced concrete). The data set is part of a firmwide, and later industrywide, effort to track project emissions but had not yet been analyzed on a quantities-to-emissions basis. The data offer unique opportunities to answer key questions about (1) the relative contributions of structural components to emissions, (2) the relationship between material system choice and resulting quantities, and (3) the relationship between material quantities and embodied carbon. Although such analyses have been performed for synthetic data, these types of findings are novel for large quantities of late-stage design data on structural systems. The findings are compared with recently published synthetic data from the literature, highlighting the importance of coordinating synthetic data efforts with real late-stage design data. In this data set, foundations make up at least a quarter of a structural system’s emissions, and floors contribute to half of superstructure emissions—the highest average contribution of all superstructure components. The large variability of relative contributions of floors and foundations to emissions across the data set suggest that floors and foundations are particular opportunities for embodied carbon reduction within structural design conventions represented by the firm’s data set. Under the assumed material carbon coefficients, the analyses suggest that using less structural material could be more likely to reduce emissions than choosing between concrete and steel construction types. As structural engineering firms expand their efforts to track project quantities, this analysis framework demonstrates valuable outcomes of such data efforts, such as the ability to compare the relative importance of material efficiency with material system selection during design. Limitations and challenges for firms to take note of during the data collection effort are also highlighted.","author":[{"family":"Fang","given":"Demi"},{"family":"Kenny","given":"Patrick"},{"family":"Mueller","given":"Caitlin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1061/jsendh.steng-14451","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jsendh.steng-14451","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7169851988","type":"article-journal","title":"A Combined intPLUS and Emission-Linkage Framework for Provincial Carbon-Balance Projection","abstract":"Regional carbon balance emerges from the complex interplay between land-use dynamics, spatial economic activities, and ecological processes as a socio-ecological system cannot be captured by any single analytical lens. This study develops an integrated assessment workflow that links three components: (i) coefficient-based carbon emission and sequestration accounting by land-use type; (ii) intra-provincial spatial-interaction analysis operationalized through two complementary tools—the Ecological Support Coefficient (ESC) and Economic Contribution Coefficient (ECC), which characterize the local economy–ecology relationship within each city, and a gravity-based emission-linkage model that uses GDP, population, emissions, and inter-city distance to characterize the network structure of inter-city emission attraction; and (iii) the intPLUS model, which combines random-forest-derived transition probabilities with patch-generation rules to simulate multi-scenario land-use trajectories. The framework is applied to Jiangsu Province, China, across 13 prefecture-level cities, using 1995–2020 historical data and three 2030 scenarios. Model performance is validated against observed 2020 land use, with an overall Kappa coefficient of 0.82. The results reveal a stable “high-south–low-north” gradient in emissions, a contrasting “high-ECC/low-ESC” versus “low-ECC/high-ESC” combining pattern across southern and northern Jiangsu, and a hierarchical core–periphery emission-linkage network anchored on the southern metropolitan cluster. Scenario projections for 2030 show clear divergence in provincial carbon budgets, with emissions of 12,326.59×104 t, 11,745.26×104 t, and 13,243.42×104 t under natural development, ecological protection, and economic development, respectively, and corresponding sequestration of −87.10×104 t, −100.29×104 t, and −85.61×104 t. Rather than treating carbon accounting and land-use simulation in isolation, this workflow bridges the analytical gap between physical land-use transitions and socioeconomic spatial emission spillovers, translating structural interactions into actionable spatial planning strategies. Relying on widely available data, the framework demonstrates strong methodological transferability for comparable subnational systems, provided that local parameters and sink coefficients are properly recalibrated.","author":[{"family":"Shi","given":"Ge"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Jiantao"},{"family":"Chen","given":"CJ"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Wei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/systems14070872","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14070872","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7135032248","type":"article-journal","title":"Expert elicitation on agricultural enhanced weathering reveals carbon dioxide removal potential and uncertainties in loss pathways","abstract":"Abstract Enhanced weathering in agriculture is a potential gigatonne-scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR) pathway, but its potential remains difficult to constrain. We used a formal expert elicitation process to estimate CDR potential and efficiency, uncertainties, and key data needs for six feedstocks. Expert opinion of global potential varied by feedstock, with estimates averaging 0.2-0.7 Gt CO2e/yr, but with a wide range (from a source to greater than 5 Gt CO2e/yr removal). When focusing on the American Midwest (pH 5.5-6), carbon dioxide removal efficiency, meaning the fraction of potential ultimately realized, ranged from 27-39%. Key uncertainties included feedstock availability, calcite saturation, and deep soil/freshwater emission pathways. There is a need for empirical data in key stages, with potential to leverage liming data where appropriate. Overall, there appears to be strong potential CDR at broad scales. However, continued research is necessary to build confidence when quantifying that potential and actual removals.","author":[{"family":"Buma","given":"Brian"},{"family":"Dietzen","given":"Christiana"},{"family":"Gordon","given":"Doria"},{"family":"Maher","given":"Kate"},{"family":"Neumann","given":"Rebecca"},{"family":"Planavsky","given":"Noah"},{"family":"Reershemius","given":"Tom"},{"family":"Suhrhoff","given":"Tim"},{"family":"Vicca","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Waring","given":"Bonnie"},{"family":"Almaraz","given":"Maya"},{"family":"Calabrese","given":"Salvatore"},{"family":"Derry","given":"Louis"},{"family":"Morgan","given":"MG"},{"family":"Higgins","given":"John"},{"family":"Houlton","given":"Benjamin"},{"family":"Kanzaki","given":"Yoshiki"},{"family":"Klemme","given":"Alexandra"},{"family":"Kukla","given":"Tyler"},{"family":"Oldfield","given":"Emily"},{"family":"Power","given":"Ian"},{"family":"Pearce","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Silver","given":"Whendee"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"S"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s43247-026-03375-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03375-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7134967839","type":"article-journal","title":"Numerical Simulation and Optimization Study of Liquid Sloshing in a LNG Storage Tank","abstract":"Liquefied natural gas (LNG) sloshing occurs during marine transportation and storage due to vessel motion or external disturbances, leading to complex fluid–structure interactions within the containment system. This study employs OpenFOAM to develop a numerical model of LNG sloshing. The model solves the incompressible multiphase Navier–Stokes equations and utilizes the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method to capture the dynamic behavior of gas–liquid interface. The numerical model was validated against experimental data. Based on this model, the key hydrodynamic characteristics are investigated for LNG sloshing, including nonlinear free surface, transient pressure distribution on the tank walls due to liquid impact, and energy dissipation mechanisms. By varying excitation frequencies, amplitudes, and the configuration of internal components such as baffles or anti-sloshing devices, the study explores the sloshing response and effective control strategies. The results indicate that appropriately designed baffles can significantly mitigate sloshing-induced impact pressures on tank walls and enhance system stability. In the future, this study could extend to multi-layer fluids, multi-degree-of-freedom motions, and simulations under more complex real-world conditions.","author":[{"family":"Lu","given":"Zhimei"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Zhanxue"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Zhaodan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiong"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Xiaoli"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/jmse14060525","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14060525","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7115581017","type":"article-journal","title":"A Dual-Scale Encapsulation Strategy for Phase Change Materials: GTS-PEG for Efficient Heat Storage and Release","abstract":"With the advancement of new power systems, phase-change materials (PCMs), owing to their ability to convert and store electrical energy, are increasingly recognized as a key solution to the intermittency of power supply. Nevertheless, such materials face challenges, including leakage and low thermal conductivity, which lead to reduced utilization efficiency. In this study, guar gum was used as the macroscopic framework, while self-prepared and optimized silica aerogel microsheets served as the microscopic framework to synergistically encapsulate the polyethylene glycol (PEG). Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were incorporated to improve overall thermal conductivity, resulting in the composite PCM, GTS-PEG. In-depth characterization demonstrated effective PEG retention within the matrix, with a melting heat storage density of 164.16 J/g. Upon 30 min of continuous heating at 90 °C, the mass loss remained as low as 4.83%, indicating excellent thermal stability. The addition of TiO2 increased thermal conductivity to 0.53 W/(m·K), representing a 140% boost over unmodified material. As a result, GTS-PEG not only successfully overcomes the leakage and thermal conductivity limitations of conventional PCMs but also, as a green and low-carbon innovative solution, paves a new path for the coordinated optimization and efficient conversion of power grid energy systems.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Sixing"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Guangyao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhen"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Zhehui"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Jiakang"},{"family":"Qiao","given":"Geng"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zongkun"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yuwei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Donghui"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Dongliang"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhixiang"},{"family":"Han","given":"Yu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15241887","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15241887","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128033548","type":"article-journal","title":"Empowering Carbon Fibers With Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene: A Paradigm Shift Toward Integrated Structure‐Function Composites","abstract":"ABSTRACT This review delineates a transformative strategy in advanced materials: the integration of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene with carbon fibers (CFs) to forge a new class of multifunctional structural composites. This integration strategy signifies a paradigm shift from simple structural components to multifunctional material systems. Moving beyond conventional interface enhancement, precise modification techniques such as self‐assembly, electrophoretic deposition, chemical grafting, and blending‐spinning synergistically combine the outstanding mechanical properties of CFs with the diverse electrical, thermal, and optical characteristics of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene. This synergistic coupling effectively overcomes the long‐standing limitations of CFs, including surface inertness and functional singularity. The review systematically examines the resulting performance improvements across a range of frontier applications, including interface reinforcement, electromagnetic shielding, battery energy storage, smart sensing, and thermal management. However, achieving industrial applications still depends on overcoming key challenges related to Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene stability, scalable processing, and multifunctional optimization. This review not only summarizes current research progress but also outlines a roadmap for future studies, emphasizing sustainable processing, interfacial nanoengineering, and the rational design of next‐generation structure‐function‐integrated composites.","author":[{"family":"Cao","given":"Hongshuo"},{"family":"Xing","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Jiangman"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Yanhong"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Yangyang"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xuejun"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Xiubing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202524225","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202524225","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4405994823","type":"article-journal","title":"Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction on OH/F-Terminated Titanium Nitride MXene Reveal the Role of the Surface Termination Group in Electrocatalysis","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide MXenes, a class of two-dimensional (2D) carbides and/or nitrides, are increasingly utilized in various electrochemical reduction reactions owing to their electronic conductivity, specific surface area, and tunable surface chemistry. Previous studies have indicated that the performance of MXenes in catalyzing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is influenced by their surface termination groups. However, our understanding of how these groups affect electrocatalytic performance remains limited, especially for nitride MXenes. This work investigates the effects of termination group modification on the HER and ORR activity of Ti 4 N 3 nitride MXene in alkaline media. Ti 4 N 3 MXene was synthesized via oxygen-assisted molten salt fluoride etching and delaminated using different solvents, including tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), water (H 2 O), and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH). Characterization through FTIR, EDS, and XPS revealed that all delaminated MXenes have hydroxyl and fluoro terminations, with the former being the predominant group. Among the samples, Ti 4 N 3 delaminated with TBAOH (referred to as Ti 4 N 3 -TBAOH) had the highest −OH surface coverage. While the initial HER activity was comparable for all the nitride samples, we observed different onset and overpotentials after activation through chronopotentiometry, likely due to the removal of the passivation layer and the consequent increase in the −OH surface coverage. Ti 4 N 3 -TMAOH demonstrated the highest improvement, with a nearly 300-mV decrease in the overpotential at −10 mA/cm 2 . For the ORR activity, all OH-terminated Ti 4 N 3 MXenes exhibited very similar onset and half-wave potentials despite having different surface coverages. Overall, our results show that while varying the delamination agent alters the coverage of OH/F functional groups, it does not significantly affect the overall catalytic performance, which offers flexibility when preparing nitride MXenes for these applications. These insights provide an experimental basis to further exploration of surface modification of nitride MXenes for fuel cell and water splitting applications.","author":[{"family":"Pranada","given":"Eugenie"},{"family":"Ngozichukwu","given":"Bright"},{"family":"Yoo","given":"Ray"},{"family":"Johnson","given":"Denis"},{"family":"Barteau","given":"Mark"},{"family":"Abdelwahab","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Djire","given":"Abdoulaye"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acscatal.4c05247","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.4c05247","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130858748","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of Nickel and Cobalt from Laterite Ores: Toward Sustainable Extraction Pathways for the Battery Industry","abstract":"As the global transition toward electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy systems accelerates, nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) have emerged as critical metals essential for the development of advanced battery technologies. This review explores the extraction of Ni and Co from laterite ores, emphasising their growing importance amid the shift from traditional sulfide sources driven by the depletion of high-grade sulfide deposits. Special attention is given to the sustainability of various extraction methods, including hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes, focusing on both efficiency and environmental impact. This review evaluates the technical, environmental, and economic challenges associated with laterite ore processing and presents innovative strategies aimed at reducing carbon intensity, minimising waste, improving resource efficiency, and enhancing the supply chain. Innovative strategies that enhance metal recovery while aligning with the principles of green metallurgy and circular economy are presented. By bridging extraction science with the pressing demands of the EVs and energy storage sectors, this review highlights the pivotal role of laterite resources in shaping a low-carbon, sustainable, and secure energy future.","author":[{"family":"Msumange","given":"Deus"},{"family":"Jampaiah","given":"Deshetti"},{"family":"Tardio","given":"James"},{"family":"Nilsson","given":"Mikael"},{"family":"Arandiyan","given":"Hamidreza"},{"family":"Bhargava","given":"Suresh"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40831-026-01439-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-026-01439-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7138468775","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancing low-emission rice farming in Vietnam: a government-led carbon market approach","abstract":"Decarbonising rice farming is pivotal for Vietnam’s pursuit of net-zero emissions by 2050 while maintaining its status as a leading global rice exporter. Drawing on qualitative data from surveys of 46 stakeholders–including government, business, and civil society representatives–and expert interviews, this study examines the socio-economic and institutional barriers to the adoption of low-emission rice farming practices. Key barriers include insufficient financial incentives, fragmented land holdings, policy gaps, and underdeveloped monitoring and verification systems. To address these challenges, the study proposes a government-managed Emission Reduction Fund (ERF), financed through carbon tax revenues and emission allowance auctions. The ERF would blend state oversight with performance-based incentives, offering stable income opportunities for farmers and advancing socio-economic equity. Findings highlight the potential of carbon markets not only to reduce agricultural emissions but also to drive sustainable rural development. This study contributes to emerging discussions on financing mechanisms and governance strategies for integrating climate mitigation within agricultural systems, particularly in developing economies.","author":[{"family":"Do","given":"Thang"},{"family":"Le","given":"Lien"},{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Nhat"},{"family":"Chu","given":"Long"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1080/17565529.2026.2646235","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2026.2646235","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133238957","type":"article-journal","title":"Steering charge transfer in CuInS2/BiOCl composites to enable sunlight-driven C–F bond cleavage of PFAS in water","abstract":"Abstract Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) resist most remediation technologies because of their exceptionally inert carbon–fluorine bonds. Here we report a visible-light Z-scheme photocatalyst composed of CuInS 2 quantum dots anchored on BiOCl nanoplates (CuInS 2 /BiOCl) that overcomes this barrier. Femtosecond transient absorption, steady-state spectroscopy and theoretical calculations show that an internal electric field steers photo-generated electrons (e − ) migrating to CuInS 2 and holes (h + ) to BiOCl, maximizing their redox potentials for simultaneous carbon–fluorine scission and carbon chain breakage, respectively. Computations revealed that benzene sulfonic acid and carbon fluoride groups on sodium p -perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate (OBS) are susceptible to electrophilic attack by h + and nucleophilic attack by e − , respectively. Under ultraviolet irradiation, the heterojunction achieves 75.8% defluorination and 76.8% total organic carbon removal of OBS within 8 h, with universal applicability for efficient degradation of 17 representative PFAS mixtures. Continuous-flow tests driven by natural sunlight achieve >96% OBS removal in 10 h, confirming system scalability. Toxicity assays indicate negligible hazardous effects of the residual. The work reports a sunlight-powered and flow-compatible photocatalytic platform for sustained PFAS decontamination, opening a sustainable route for ‘forever chemical’ abatement in water.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Fuyu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Honglei"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Zixiang"},{"family":"Song","given":"Qiang"},{"family":"Cullen","given":"Patrick"},{"family":"Nie","given":"Ziying"},{"family":"Hong","given":"Ye"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yuxuan"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Shilin"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Cheng"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Fanran"},{"family":"Zuo","given":"Zhihong"},{"family":"Liu","given":"RQ"},{"family":"Chen","given":"ZN"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Dongling"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Yongguang"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Duan","given":"Xiaoguang"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Qingzhe"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s44221-026-00590-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-026-00590-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130525338","type":"article-journal","title":"A review of current best practices and future directions in assimilating GRACE/-FO terrestrial water storage data into numerical models","abstract":"Abstract. Water cycle reanalyses, generated by integrating observations into hydrological and land surface models, provide long-term and consistent estimates of key water cycle components. Reanalyses are essential to understand hydrological variability, extreme events such as droughts and floods, and to improve water resource management. Over the past two decades, the assimilation of terrestrial water storage anomaly data from the GRACE and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE/-FO) missions has significantly enhanced these reanalyses, as GRACE/-FO observations uniquely constrain total water storage variability across all terrestrial compartments. Incorporating GRACE/-FO data has led to major advances in representing trends in key hydrological variables, climate-driven changes in the water cycle, and anthropogenic influences such as irrigation-induced groundwater depletion – factors often poorly captured in models. With processing pipelines now being developed for low-latency short-term data products from the upcoming next-generation gravity missions, we expect that low-latency periodically updated reanalyses and analyses from assimilation will become more relevant. However, challenges remain, particularly in resolving mismatches in spatial and temporal resolution between GRACE/-FO observations and high-resolution models, and there is no consensus yet on the optimal approach for assimilating GRACE/-FO data. In light of the upcoming launches of next-generation gravity missions and the development of increasingly sophisticated Earth system modeling frameworks, this review synthesizes insights from approximately 60 GRACE/-FO data assimilation studies in an attempt to converge to best practices. The review reveals that the most effective assimilation strategies leverage (robust modifications of) the classical ensemble Kalman filter and localization techniques, explicitly account for correlated observation errors, and address biases contained in the observations as well as those arising from model perturbations. Unmodeled processes must be carefully handled through signal separation, multi-source assimilation, or removal prior to assimilation. Future directions include developing low-latency products for near-real-time assimilation, integrating enhanced and combined satellite observations, and employing machine-learning approaches for downscaling and hybrid assimilation. Collectively, these strategies provide a pathway toward more accurate, physically consistent, and operationally useful water cycle reanalyses.","author":[{"family":"Springer","given":"Anne"},{"family":"Lannoy","given":"Gabriëlle"},{"family":"Rodell","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Ewerdwalbesloh","given":"Yorck"},{"family":"Gerdener","given":"Helena"},{"family":"Khaki","given":"Mehdi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Bailing"},{"family":"Li","given":"F"},{"family":"Schumacher","given":"Maike"},{"family":"Tangdamrongsub","given":"Natthachet"},{"family":"Tourian","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Nie","given":"Wanshu"},{"family":"Kusche","given":"Jürgen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.5194/hess-30-985-2026","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-985-2026","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7126055181","type":"article-journal","title":"RETRACTED: Power for AI Data Centers: Energy Demand, Grid Impacts, Challenges and Perspectives","abstract":"The demand for computing power has increased at a rate never seen before due to the quick development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and applications. Consequently, AI data centers, referring to computing facilities specifically designed for large-scale artificial intelligence workloads, have become one of the fastest-growing electricity consumers globally. Therefore, it is essential to understand the load characteristics of AI data centers and their impact on the grid. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the evolving energy landscape of AI data centers. Specifically, this paper (i) presents the energy consumption structure in AI data centers and analyzes the key workload features and patterns in four stages, emphasizing how high power density, temporal variability, and cooling requirements shape total energy use, (ii) examines the impacts of AI data centers for power systems, including impacts on grid stability, reliability and power quality, electricity markets and pricing, economic dispatch and reserve scheduling, and infrastructure planning and coordination, (iii) presents key technological, operational and sustainability challenges for AI data centers, including renewable energy integration, waste heat utilization, carbon-neutral operation, and water–energy nexus constraints, (iv) evaluates emerging solutions and opportunities, spanning grid-side measures, data-center-side strategies, and user-side demand-flexibility mechanisms, (v) identifies future research priorities and policy directions to enable the sustainable co-evolution of AI infrastructure and electric power systems. The review aims to support utilities, system operators, and researchers in maintaining reliable, resilient, and sustainable grid operation in the context of the rapid development of AI data centers.","author":[{"family":"Sheng","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Chenxuan"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Zixuan"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Hongyi"},{"family":"Wen","given":"Junqi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ruoheng"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Qin"},{"family":"Bu","given":"Siqi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19030722","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030722","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128911588","type":"article-journal","title":"Catalytic hybrid solvent regeneration in membrane vacuum processes for direct air capture","abstract":"Direct Air Capture is a promising climate mitigation technology, but its deployment is limited by high energy demand. This study improves the energy efficiency and sustainability of liquid-based Direct Air Capture by integrating catalytic solvent regeneration and hybrid solvents with a low-temperature membrane vacuum regeneration process. Iron-sulfated zirconia catalysts supported on alumina and silica are synthesized and evaluated, with silica exhibiting superior catalytic performance. An optimal iron-sulfated zirconia to silica ratio of 1:1 reduces relative heat duty by up to 59.7% in the membrane vacuum system. To assess the impact of hybrid solvents on energy consumption, a solvent composed of 3 molar potassium taurinate and 1 molar potassium sarcosinate achieves a 69.1% improvement in CO2 desorption compared to potassium taurinate alone. Finally, combining the optimized hybrid solvent, catalyst, and membrane system at 90 °C reduces thermal energy consumption by 66.8% relative to potassium glycinate, achieving an energy requirement of 2.6 GJ/tCO2. Direct air capture (DAC) removes CO₂ from the atmosphere but remains energy-intensive at scale. Here, the authors integrate catalytic solvent regeneration and hybrid solvents with low-temperature membrane vacuum regeneration, significantly improving the energy efficiency and sustainability of liquid-based DAC systems.","author":[{"family":"Momeni","given":"Arash"},{"family":"Anisi","given":"Hossein"},{"family":"Mcquillan","given":"Rebecca"},{"family":"Alivand","given":"Masood"},{"family":"Zavabeti","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Askari","given":"Saeed"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"RX"},{"family":"Stevens","given":"Geoffrey"},{"family":"Mumford","given":"Kathryn"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-026-69542-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69542-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7132845696","type":"article-journal","title":"Economic and Optimisation Modelling of Energy Storage Systems: A Review","abstract":"Demand for new solutions to emerging issues faced by the electricity generation, demand and supply industries continues to increase with the introduction of increasing proportions of variable renewable energy and changing system demands. Energy storage systems represent a key part of the solution as stakeholders attempt to move towards a ‘net zero’ system. Within research, studies into the techno-economic optimisation of varied energy storage technologies for different applications continue to play a significant role in this changing landscape. A key aspect of this research is the modelling and simulation of such systems, often with the goal of optimising their parameters for deploying in specific roles and services. This paper presents an extensive analysis of the current economic outlook for five major energy storage technologies, highlighting the significant variation in quoted costs within the literature. It presents a unique and novel perspective by considering economic and optimisation modelling from both a technology and application-centric approach. It explores the different approaches available for performing economic analysis on energy storage systems, providing a novel overview of the advantages of various approaches along with examples from the literature on how these studies are implemented. Finally, the paper explores optimisation studies, giving an in-depth explanation of different approaches used in the optimisation of energy storage systems and reviewing prominent uses within the literature. The paper concludes with a consideration of the main challenges that face the field of techno-economic energy storage studies and provides recommendations on areas that require further research.","author":[{"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Harrison","given":"Chris"},{"family":"Bryden","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Alahyari","given":"Arman"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Yiheng"},{"family":"Gladwin","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Radcliffe","given":"Jonathan"},{"family":"Rogers","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Patsios","given":"Charalampos"},{"family":"Forsyth","given":"Andrew"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/esa3010004","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/esa3010004","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7126216670","type":"article-journal","title":"Seasonality in Marine Organic Carbon Export and Sequestration Pathways","abstract":"Abstract The ocean's biological carbon pump transports organic carbon from the surface to depth via three main pathways: the gravitational sinking of particles, active transport by vertically migrating zooplankton, and mixing and advection of suspended and dissolved organic carbon. Here, we use a global data‐assimilated ocean biogeochemical model to diagnose the seasonal variability of carbon export and sequestration by these gravitational, migrant, and mixing pumps. The total carbon export and sequestration are 10.2 ± 0.8 PgC yr −1 and 1,339 ± 17 PgC, respectively, similar to previous estimates that did not consider seasonality. However, the seasonality of the export and sequestration pathways is highly variable, especially in the high latitudes. In subpolar regions, the seasonal amplitude of the pumps is ∼40%–60% of the annual mean: export and sequestration by the gravitational and migrant pumps peak in the summer, while the mixing pump strongly opposes this seasonality, reaching a maximum during the winter. The sequestration time of exported carbon is generally higher during winter than summer in the subpolar regions, helping to augment carbon sequestration during the less productive winter months. The gravitational “e‐ratio,” or ratio of gravitational carbon export to net primary production, has a seasonal variability of ∼0.1 at high latitudes, with higher values in the summer compared to winter. Resolving seasonality reduces the inferred geographic variability of the e‐ratio compared with annual‐mean models, demonstrating the importance of seasonal observations and models to understand and quantify the processes regulating carbon export and sequestration.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Renjian"},{"family":"Devries","given":"Tim"},{"family":"Siegel","given":"D"},{"family":"Primeau","given":"François"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2025gb008603","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gb008603","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409493894","type":"article-journal","title":"A wireless, self-powered smart insole for gait monitoring and recognition via nonlinear synergistic pressure sensing","abstract":"Wearable insole-based pressure sensor systems have gained attention for continuous gait monitoring, showing potential for preventing, diagnosing, and treating conditions such as lumbar degenerative disease and diabetic foot ulcers. However, challenges such as nonlinear response, low stability, and energy limitations have hindered widespread adoption. Here, we report a fully integrated, self-powered, wireless smart insole designed for plantar pressure monitoring and real-time visualization and analysis of gait. The pressure sensor uses a nonlinear synergistic strategy, achieving remarkable linearity ( R 2 > 0.999 over 0 to 225 kilopascals) and high durability (>180,000 compression cycles). Powered by flexible solar cells, the insole features 22 pressure sensors, enabling spatially resolved pressure mapping and real-time visualization on a smartphone interface. Integration of a support vector machine model further enables accurate recognition of eight motion states, including static (e.g., sitting and standing) and dynamic (e.g., walking, running, and squatting) activities. The smart insole provides a practical solution for improving clinical assessments, personalized treatments, and biomechanics research.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Guan","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Chen"},{"family":"Lei","given":"Peiming"},{"family":"Sheng","given":"Hongwei"},{"family":"Bi","given":"Huasheng"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Jinkun"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Chenhui"},{"family":"Mao","given":"Yichuan"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Jiao"},{"family":"Shao","given":"Mingjiao"},{"family":"Jin","given":"Zhiwen"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jinghua"},{"family":"Lan","given":"Wei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1126/sciadv.adu1598","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adu1598","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7126186317","type":"article-journal","title":"Water Availability Weakens the Forest Litter Carbon Sink","abstract":"Abstract Litter carbon (C) release refers to the amount of litter C lost via microbial respiration or leaching, while the net litter C sink represents the C retained in soil following decomposition. Both are critical but understudied processes in forest C sequestration, particularly under variable water availability driven by climate and land‐cover changes. Here, we modeled litter C decomposition rates () using 668 field observations with the Random Forest (RF) algorithm at 1 km resolution across Chinese forests. The RF model demonstrated good performance ( R 2 = 0.86), with predicted exhibiting a clear latitudinal zonation. Using modeled , we then estimated the spatial and temporal patterns of litter C release and net litter C sink. Litter C release increased toward lower latitudes, whereas net litter C sink peaked at mid‐latitudes and declined toward both lower and higher latitudes. Over 2000–2018, litter C release increased (0.49 ± 0.07 g C m −2 yr −2 ), while the net litter C sink decreased (−0.10 ± 0.04 g C m −2 yr −2 ), driven primarily by changing water availability mediated by climate and canopy dynamics. Reduced water limitation in persistently arid zones enhanced decomposition, whereas increased water limitation in seasonally dry regions suppressed productivity. In humid regions, a reduction in water surplus led to asynchronous increases in litter input and decomposition. Our findings highlight the central role of water availability in regulating litter C fluxes and underscore the sensitivity of forest C cycling to climate variability, with important implications for projecting terrestrial carbon–climate feedback under future environmental change.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"XL"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"HY"},{"family":"Chen","given":"JW"},{"family":"Chen","given":"HL"},{"family":"Yu","given":"XY"},{"family":"Jia","given":"W"},{"family":"Chen","given":"G"},{"family":"Xu","given":"TT"},{"family":"Yao","given":"YZ"},{"family":"Tang","given":"XL"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2025gb008731","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gb008731","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407675662","type":"article-journal","title":"Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation Materials and Mechanistic Features: State of the Art and Future Perspectives","abstract":"Abstract photocatalysis, nitrogen photofixation, material chemistry, heterojunctionThe essential role ammonia occupies, considering both its major industrial use for nitrogen‐rich fertilizers and the possibility of being utilized as medium for energy storage, clashes with the environmental drawbacks of the Haber‐Bosch process, its main production method. This review investigates the potential of photocatalytic nitrogen fixation (PNF) as an eco‐friendly approach, driven by solar energy and inspired by natural nitrogenase enzymes. It traces the historical development of nitrogen fixation methods and focuses on recent advancements in photocatalytic materials, including metal oxides, sulfides, and composite systems. Strategies to enhance catalytic performance – including doping, defect engineering, and heterojunction construction – are showcased, thus providing a way to mitigate low conversion efficiency and electron‐hole recombination. The work concludes by presenting emergent materials that could revolutionize the field, offering new paths for sustainable ammonia production.","author":[{"family":"Tedesco","given":"Costanza"},{"family":"Giovilli","given":"Giulia"},{"family":"Malavasi","given":"Lorenzo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ejic.202400686","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejic.202400686","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7153845958","type":"article-journal","title":"A critical review of the production pathways and storage limitations and economic feasibility of green hydrogen fuel","abstract":"The active role of green hydrogen in shifting to a sustainable energy regime worldwide is driven by the need to reduce climate impact and address the energy crisis, given the low-carbon and non-toxic nature of renewable energy sources. In this review, recent progress in production technologies made over the past five years (2020–2025) is critically assessed, and the efficiency and scalability of two-step thermochemical electrolysis are compared with new algal bio-hydrogen systems. In contrast to common introductions, this study identifies specific research gaps in addressing the low energy density and safety limitations of existing storage systems, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and nanostructured metal hydrides, where there should be a direct association between the technical drawbacks of these systems and their economic consequences. Moreover, this study summarizes new findings on the economic viability of hydrogen-based fuels and infrastructure constraints that are not sufficiently developed for large-scale use. Finally, this study provides a roadmap for future research on improving catalyst stability and cost-reduction models to facilitate the safe and widespread adoption of a green hydrogen economy.","author":[{"family":"Farooq","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Saleem","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Hussain","given":"M"},{"family":"Ikhtiar","given":"Farhan"},{"family":"Tahir","given":"Ayesha"},{"family":"Fraz","given":"Faheem"},{"family":"Abbas","given":"Mujahid"},{"family":"Rizwan","given":"Iqra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44371-026-00646-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-026-00646-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410024223","type":"article-journal","title":"Climate Impact of Direct and Indirect N 2 O Emissions from the Ammonia Marine Fuel Value Chain","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Ammonia (NH 3 ) emerges as a near-zero-carbon shipping fuel, but its value chain can emit noncarbon greenhouse gases (GHGs) like nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and pollutants, such as NH 3 and nitrogen oxides (NO x ). N 2 O, with 273 times the global warming potential of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), is also indirectly emitted through transformations of reactive nitrogen (N r ) species, like NH 3 and NO x, in natural environments. Understanding ammonia’s climate impact is crucial for evaluating its efficacy as a fossil fuel alternative. We present a functional model to quantify the climate impact of renewable-based (e-ammonia) and natural-gas-based (blue and gray) ammonia, focusing on direct and indirect N 2 O emissions. The model incorporates N r emissions─NH 3, NO x, and N 2 O─across the value chain under “low”, “medium”, and “high” emissions scenarios, along with production and pilot fuel GHG emissions. Results show that e-ammonia’s climate benefit depends on well-to-wake N r emissions and natural processes that control relevant nitrogen to indirect N 2 O (N-to-N 2 O i ) conversion pathways. In a low emissions scenario, its CO 2 -equivalent intensity is 68–80% lower than fuel oil, assuming 1–10% N-to-N 2 O i conversion. In a high emissions scenario, this benefit drops to 11–23% for 1–2% N-to-N 2 O i conversion, and at 5–10% N-to-N 2 O i conversion, e-ammonia’s impact exceeds fuel oil by >24%. Blue ammonia could bring ∼30% climate benefit compared to fuel oil, but only in a low emissions scenario with 1–2% N-to-N 2 O i conversion. While more data on emissions and N-to-N 2 O i conversion are needed, minimizing NH 3, NO x, and N 2 O emissions is crucial to maximizing ammonia’s climate benefits.","author":[{"family":"Esquivelelizondo","given":"Sofia"},{"family":"Walkowiak","given":"Blake"},{"family":"Sartzetakis","given":"Stavroula"},{"family":"Buma","given":"Brian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.est.4c13135","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c13135","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125146162","type":"article-journal","title":"Biform differential game approach to dynamic carbon reduction cooperation in transnational supply chains under CBAM","abstract":"The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a border tax implemented by highly carbon-regulation countries (HCRC) on imports from less carbon-regulation countries (LCRC). To analyse carbon reduction cooperation in transnational supply chains under CBAM, this study develops a biform differential game model involving a distributor in HCRC and two manufacturers (from HCRC and LCRC) supplying homogeneous products. Within this framework, supply chain members cooperate in carbon reduction while independently setting the wholesale prices or retail prices. The findings reveal a key distinction between cooperative and non-cooperative modes: under non-cooperation, pricing and emission reduction decisions remain static, whereas under cooperation, they dynamically evolve and gradually stabilise. Moreover, as the CBAM price increases, distributors in the cooperative model increase the LCRC product sales but reduce them in the non-cooperative setting. Consequently, under cooperation, the distributor’s profit increases with CBAM prices, while under non-cooperation, the profit follows an inverse U-shaped pattern. Finally, the cooperative mechanism enhances sales, emission reductions, and both LCRC and HCRC manufacturers’ profits compared to the non-cooperative model. However, the distributor achieves higher profits only when CBAM prices are sufficiently high, and thus should adopt the cooperative strategy under the same condition.","author":[{"family":"Zheng","given":"Xiao"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Yongkang"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Fu"},{"family":"Koh","given":"Lenny"},{"family":"Xiong","given":"Yu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1080/00207543.2026.2616421","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2026.2616421","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160861434","type":"article-journal","title":"Barriers to efficient carbon pricing: policy risk, myopic behaviour, and financial constraints","abstract":"Abstract We investigate the limitations of cap-and-trade systems in driving investments in low-carbon industrial technologies. Investments may be delayed, and technology choices may be suboptimal, due to myopic behaviour, financial constraints, and policy risk. We develop a partial-equilibrium model that explicitly captures these imperfections and, uniquely, represents multiple sectors with heterogeneous foresight horizons. This structure enables us to distinguish short-sightedness in emission trading from that linked to green investment hold-up. We illustrate these dynamics through a case study of green investment decisions in the steel sector. We quantify how these frictions and their interactions shape allowance banking, carbon price trajectories, and irreversible industrial investment decisions. We find that such imperfections can distort price paths, delay low-carbon investments, and lead to suboptimal technology choice. Conversely, imperfect investment behaviour may itself influence the carbon price trajectory when the affected sector is sufficiently large. The results highlight the need for complementary policy instruments and underscore the importance of modelling approaches that represent heterogeneous foresight and imperfect market behaviour.","author":[{"family":"Hoogsteyn","given":"Alexander"},{"family":"Meus","given":"Jelle"},{"family":"Bruninx","given":"Kenneth"},{"family":"Delarue","given":"Erik"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1088/2753-3751/ae6b8e","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ae6b8e","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416365636","type":"article-journal","title":"Navigating Carbon Border Adjustments: A Case Study Analyzing the Impacts and Strategies for Trinidad and Tobago’s Ammonia Exports","abstract":"The introduction of the European Union’s (EU’s) Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) significantly impacts carbon-intensive export sectors in economies of Small Island Developing States, particularly Trinidad and Tobago’s (T&T’s) ammonia industry. This study evaluates the economic implications of CBAM on T&T’s ammonia exports using historical production, natural gas consumption, and trade data (2004–2024) to establish emission baselines and projections for up to 2034. By employing linear programming optimization and sensitivity analyses, this study quantifies CBAM’s potential revenue impacts of CBAM under various emission factors, carbon prices, and market scenarios. The results indicate that under a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, T&T’s ammonia exports to the EU could face an average CBAM tax burden of 22%, significantly affecting export revenue and economic stability. Notably, reducing emission factors by 37%–75% through mitigation technologies like carbon capture and storage could almost entirely negate these costs in the near term. The findings highlight critical vulnerabilities in the T&T’s ammonia sector due to CBAM, but also highlight strategic decarbonization pathways. The analysis advocates urgent policy interventions, including emission reduction investments, export market diversification, and domestic carbon pricing strategies, to maintain economic resilience and competitiveness in a global economy, increasingly governed by stringent climate-related trade measures. This study uses T&T’s ammonia sector as a case study and provides a methodological framework for adapting this work to other CBAM-exposed sectors locally and carbon-intensive economies globally.","author":[{"family":"Ramsook","given":"Dillon"},{"family":"Boodlal","given":"Donnie"},{"family":"Maharaj","given":"Rean"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.24018/ejenergy.2025.5.6.177","URL":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejenergy.2025.5.6.177","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417461994","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable Maritime Decarbonization: A Review of Hydrogen and Ammonia as Future Clean Marine Energies","abstract":"Maritime transport accounts for approximately 80–90% of global trade and nearly 3% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In response, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted an ambitious strategy for net-zero emissions by 2050, critically mandating a Well-to-Wake (WtW) life-cycle assessment for fuels. This framework invalidates fuels produced with high carbon intensity, regardless of their emissions at the point of use, thereby compelling the industry to focus on truly clean and sustainable alternatives. This push positions green hydrogen and ammonia as leading solutions, though they present a distinct trade-off. Hydrogen is an ideal fuel with zero-carbon emission in fuel cells but faces significant storage challenges due to its extremely low volumetric energy density and cryogenic requirements. In contrast, ammonia offers superior energy density and easier handling but contends with issues of toxicity and potentially harmful emissions like nitrous oxide. This paper provides a comprehensive review of this complex landscape, analyzing the production, utilization, and associated techno-economic and geopolitical challenges of using hydrogen and ammonia as future marine fuels, with environmental aspects briefly considered.","author":[{"family":"Jin","given":"Chungkuk"},{"family":"Choi","given":"Jung‐hwan"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Chang"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Moo‐hyun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su172411364","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su172411364","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7166505892","type":"article-journal","title":"TiO2-based photoreforming of alcohols as an alternative pathway for low-carbon H2 evolution","abstract":"Photocatalytic H2 production is a key reaction aiming at efficient solar energy conversion towards green fuels. While water splitting would be the ideal reaction for sustainable H2 production, thermodynamic and kinetic constraints have so far limited its applicability. Alternatively, photoreforming of organic derivatives, particularly those derived from renewable sources, can be an economic and technical solution to promote H2 evolution in parallel with the production of added-value oxidation products. Among different organic substrates, alcohol photoreforming stands out due to its large availability, cost-effectiveness, and the possibility to produce key chemical feedstocks. Such reactions have been studied since the early 70s, starting with primary alcohols such as methanol and, more recently, involving polyols such as glycerol. Despite different semiconductors having been employed as photocatalysts, fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanism is a necessary step towards the development of more efficient systems. In this manuscript, the fundamental aspects of alcohol photoreforming are reviewed, focusing on TiO2-based systems in which a vast literature is available. A systematic comparison of the light-driven reforming pathways of C1-C6 alcohols on TiO2-based photocatalysts is presented, extending from methanol to more complex substrates such as glycerol and biomass-derived compounds. The aim is to highlight how molecular complexity influences oxidative pathways, intermediate formation, hydrogen evolution, and catalyst requirements. The main findings employing different characterization techniques are summarized and corelated with surface modifications of the oxide aiming at improved H2 evolution rates and selectivity for different oxidation products. The discussion can work as a tool to promote the rational development of more efficient sunlight-driven photocatalysts for photoreforming.","author":[{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Ribeiro"},{"family":"Amaral","given":"Kamila"},{"family":"Desordi","given":"Jaqueline"},{"family":"Augusto","given":"Karen"},{"family":"Gonçalves","given":"Pablo"},{"family":"Alonso","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Cauê"},{"family":"Lopes","given":"Osmando"},{"family":"Bahnemann","given":"Detlef"},{"family":"Nunes","given":"Barbara"},{"family":"Patrocínio","given":"Antônio"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.20517/energymater.2026.62","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2026.62","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128405682","type":"article-journal","title":"Hierarchical Porosity Engineering of Birch‐Derived Carbons via KOH Activation for High‐Performance Aluminum Batteries","abstract":"Aluminum batteries (ABs) present a cost‐effective, high‐energy alternative to lithium‐ion systems, owing to aluminum's abundance and high theoretical capacity. Here, it reports the synthesis of birch wood derived carbons (CBWs) via carbonization of sawdust followed by KOH activation and their evaluation as AB cathodes. Two samples CBW14 and CBW16 are prepared using biochar‐to‐KOH weight ratios of 1:4 and 1:6, respectively. Both materials are highly disordered, predominantly amorphous carbons, exhibiting Brunauer–Emmett–Teller‐specific surface areas of 3015 m 2 g −1 (CBW14) and 3306 m 2 g −1 (CBW16). When cycled between 0.01 and 2.2 V at 0.1 A g −1 , CBW14 and CBW16 delivered discharge capacities of 120 and 140 mAh g −1 , respectively. Notably, CBW16 sustained 35 mAh g −1 at a high rate of 10 A g −1 and achieved energy densities of 155 Wh kg −1 at 0.1 A g −1 and 95 Wh kg −1 at 1.0 A g −1 . These findings underscore the critical influence of KOH activation parameters on pore architecture and electrochemical performance, pointing the way toward scalable fabrication of efficient carbon cathodes for next‐generation aluminum batteries.","author":[{"family":"Sruthy","given":"ES"},{"family":"Paul","given":"Menestreau"},{"family":"Manavalan","given":"Gopinathan"},{"family":"Boulanger","given":"Nicolas"},{"family":"Molaiyan","given":"Palanivel"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Lassi","given":"Ulla"},{"family":"Cherian","given":"Christie"},{"family":"Thyrel","given":"Mikael"},{"family":"Petnikota","given":"Shaikshavali"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/batt.202500779","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/batt.202500779","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7153884095","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent advances in the development of engineered biochar for CO2 adsorption: Research on heteroatom-doped biochar","abstract":"With rising atmospheric CO2 levels driving global warming, carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies are critical. Biochar, an eco-friendly and cost-effective carbon material, has gained attention for low-temperature CO2 capture due to its sustainable adsorption properties. However, raw biochar’s limited pore structure and surface chemistry hinder its efficiency. Among modification strategies, heteroatom doping is particularly effective. By enriching functional groups and tuning the carbon framework, this approach significantly improves CO2 capture performance. This review explores recent advancements in the development of engineered biochar for CO2 adsorption, with a focus on heteroatom doping techniques. Additionally, key quantitative performance metrics were compiled and compared, including adsorption capacities and isosteric heats of adsorption (Qst) (and, where available, selectivity/working capacity), to quantify how different doping strategies alter gas uptake and binding strength and to establish structure-performance relationships. Among various dopants (such as nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and boron), nitrogen doping has attracted much attention due to its significant enhancement in the ability to capture CO2. This is mainly because nitrogen atoms can more effectively regulate the electronic structure and pore structure of the material in a coordinated manner, thereby enhancing the dual effects of physical and chemical adsorption on CO2. A critical comparison is made between pre-modification doping (incorporating heteroatoms during biomass carbonization) and post-modification doping (treating already-formed biochar), revealing that pre-modification generally offers superior doping efficiency and structural stability. Moreover, the review examines co-doping strategies, where synergistic effects between multiple elements, as exemplified by nitrogen-phosphorus co-doping or nitrogen-sulfur co-doping of biochar, further optimize the adsorption capacity. Finally, critical barriers to industrialization, including techno-economic feasibility and regeneration energy costs, are discussed. Future perspectives emphasize the integration of machine learning for rational design, standardized characterization protocols, and life-cycle assessments (LCA) to accelerate the deployment of biochar in practical CCUS applications. The review highlights the mechanisms of CO2 capture, emphasizing the balance between physical adsorption and chemisorption. The challenges for development of engineered biochar for CO2 capture are prospected. Further research on improving chemical adsorption performance while preserving physical adsorption properties is still required to improve biochar’s application in sustainable CO2 capture technologies.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Xiangping"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Qing"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Qing"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Qing"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Caixia"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Yifei"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Qing"},{"family":"Hordagoda","given":"Mahesh"},{"family":"Ding","given":"Wenbing"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Shengshu"},{"family":"Ariyadasa","given":"Thilini"},{"family":"Nimarshana","given":"PHV"},{"family":"Qin","given":"Xizhuang"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Peng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44246-026-00264-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44246-026-00264-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133318796","type":"article-journal","title":"Graphene oxide as smart sustainable nanomaterial: a versatile multifunctional material with transformative potential in advanced materials science research","abstract":"Graphene oxide (GO), a two-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterial with a distinctive layered architecture, has emerged as a transformative platform for addressing critical challenges in energy, environment, and healthcare through innovative technological solutions. This comprehensive review examines exceptional characteristics of GO as a smart nanomaterial in advanced materials science, emphasizing synthesis chemistry and property modification for sustainable, multifunctional applications. The unique layered structure of GO enables extensive surface functionalization, allowing tailored properties from excellent adsorptive to hydrophobic/hydrophilic surfaces, and dimensional configurations spanning 0D to 3D nanostructures. Its significant features like structural flexibility, tunable band gap, high surface area, outstanding optoelectronic and mechanical properties, and adaptive surface chemistry, establish GO as a revolutionary nanomaterial with unprecedented technological potential. Recent developments demonstrate that standalone GO can exhibit notable performance across diverse scientific applications, showcasing its versatile nature and transformative capabilities. This review presents a holistic perspective on applications of GO in sustainable environmental remediation, including adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of micro/nano-plastics, pathogens, toxic substances, and volatile organic compounds. Additionally, GO demonstrates significant promise in sustainable energy storage and conversion through CO2 photoreduction, photocatalytic hydrogen production, organic synthesis transformations, and battery technologies. The review also explores GO-based platforms in advanced sensing technologies, including surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for ultra-sensitive detection of organic/biological molecules and environmental gas sensing, alongside healthcare applications. A major emphasis has been given on the role of GO as an emerging multifunctional and sustainable nanomaterial with significant real-world and industrial applications. Despite its significant potential, GO faces significant challenges, including scalability limitations, long-term stability concerns, and reproducibility/regeneration issues, which have been addressed with possible solutions, including health concerns for its sustainable futuristic applications.","author":[{"family":"Thakur","given":"SN"},{"family":"Badoni","given":"Ayush"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Rupam"},{"family":"Panda","given":"Soumyanti"},{"family":"Samriti"},{"family":"Ojha","given":"Abhijeet"},{"family":"Bechelany","given":"Mikhael"},{"family":"Swart","given":"HC"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"Navneet"},{"family":"Viter","given":"RM"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Shuhui"},{"family":"Kuznetsov","given":"Andrej"},{"family":"Prakash","given":"Jai"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s44296-026-00095-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44296-026-00095-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163670404","type":"article-journal","title":"Respecting tenure and the bundle of rights in blue carbon guidance","abstract":"Blue carbon (BC) projects are proposed in the territories of coastal communities, small-scale fishers and Indigenous peoples, yet how the tenure security of rightsholders is conveyed or protected remains uncertain. Here, by analysing 122 BC guidance documents (scientific, policy and technical), we examine the claims, obligations and interpretations of tenure. The documents reveal overlapping and/or competing claims about interactions between BC and tenure rights, ranging from rights-eroding to rights-securing. Despite increased openness to different forms of tenure, only a subset of tenure rights consistently receive emphasis. Six core international obligations to tenure (including the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention) are overlooked. Ambiguity surrounding tenure implications, coupled with disregard for global obligations and narrow rights interpretation, exposes rightsholders to potential land and resource dispossession, and exclusion from benefits. To rectify this, BC guidance must adopt a more comprehensive view of tenure, engage with international standards and rights experts, and ensure accountability to rightsholders. Blue carbon projects are expanding, yet their implications for tenure security remain uncertain. Analysis of 122 guidance documents reveals that rights are narrowly interpreted and key international obligations are overlooked, leaving rightsholders vulnerable to dispossession and exclusion.","author":[{"family":"Lawless","given":"Sarah"},{"family":"Cohen","given":"Philippa"},{"family":"Dudayev","given":"Rayhan"},{"family":"Evans-Illidge","given":"Elizabeth"},{"family":"Lovelock","given":"Catherine"},{"family":"Muir","given":"Bob"},{"family":"Ogier","given":"Emily"},{"family":"Pradhan","given":"Sisir"},{"family":"Morrison","given":"Tiffany"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41558-026-02651-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-026-02651-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409879417","type":"article-journal","title":"The German energy transition after the Russia-Ukraine war – challenges and opportunities","abstract":"Abstract The Germans energy transition (Energiewende) is a long-term strategy aimed at transforming the country's energy system to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. This transition is centered on three key pillars: improving energy efficiency, accelerating the deployment of renewable energy, and ensuring a stable energy supply during the shift away from fossil fuels. Over the past decades, Germany has made significant progress in expanding renewable energy sources, particularly wind and solar power, which now account for a substantial share of its electricity generation. The Russia-Ukraine war has posed significant challenges to the German energy transition, disrupting natural gas imports and leading to short-term measures such as the temporary reactivation of coal-fired power plants. This geopolitical shift has highlighted the need for Germany to accelerate the adoption of renewable energy and develop robust energy storage solutions to ensure long-term energy security. By 2030, Germany aims to install at least 20 GW of renewable capacity annually and develop 12 GW of energy storage to manage the intermittency of wind and solar power. Despite these challenges, the energy crisis has also created opportunities. The sharp rise in energy prices has incentivized investment in renewable energy and energy efficiency measures. Germany is now actively seeking alternative energy partnerships, strengthening cooperation with China in solar technology and exploring hydrogen collaborations with African nations. These strategic shifts are expected to play a crucial role in shaping the next phase of the Energiewende. This paper examines the evolving challenges and opportunities in the German energy transition, focusing on key aspects such as the expansion of renewable energy, energy storage solutions, and policy adjustments needed to navigate the changing energy landscape.","author":[{"family":"Beck","given":"Hans"},{"family":"Hou","given":"Zhengmeng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Qichen"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Yilin"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Liangchao"},{"family":"Yue","given":"Ye"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Yanli"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Tian"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Tianle"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ru"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44438-025-00002-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44438-025-00002-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7119632617","type":"article-journal","title":"Marginal Cost of Carbon Sequestration Using Straw-Based Biochar in Great Britain","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Achieving the net-zero target of the United Kingdom requires substantial greenhouse gas removal (GGR) in addition to emission reductions. Biochar, a stable carbon-rich material produced through biomass pyrolysis, is an established GGR method. Straw is abundantly available in the UK and presents a viable option for large-scale biochar production. However, uncertainties regarding its feasibility remain, particularly concerning costs, spatial constraints, and facility construction. Here, we use a spatial model integrated with life cycle assessment and technoeconomic analysis to estimate the marginal cost curve for net carbon sequestration through straw-based biochar production in Great Britain (GB). Our findings reveal that straw-based biochar production in GB can achieve 0.6–1.9% of the UK’s 2050 carbon removal target at marginal costs below £75 per tCO 2 e. If higher-cost options are also included (i.e., without the £75 per tCO 2 e constraint), the total potential removal increases to 0.8–2.1%. The marginal costs are significantly influenced by the price and availability of feedstock, the value of byproducts, and the biochar yield. Our integrated spatial model helps identify optimal feedstock supply and production strategies, reducing costs and uncertainties in net carbon sequestration for biochar systems. This study elucidates the challenges and limitations of utilizing straw for large-scale biochar production in GB to support the climate change mitigation pathway.","author":[{"family":"Tang","given":"Yuzhou"},{"family":"Wilson","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Cockerill","given":"Tim"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.est.5c11115","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c11115","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125281858","type":"article-journal","title":"Technoeconomic Assessment of a Hydrogen‐Integrated Hybrid Microgrid for Island Electrification in Developing Countries","abstract":"This study investigates the technoeconomic and environmental feasibility of a hybrid renewable energy microgrid designed for Dublar Char, a remote off‐grid island in Bangladesh. The proposed system integrates solar photovoltaic, wind turbines (WTs), a fuel cell, an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage, and a battery energy storage system (BESS) to deliver reliable, sustainable electricity to underserved coastal communities. Using HOMER Pro software (v3.14.2), multiple configurations were simulated to identify the most cost‐effective and low‐emission system. Results indicate a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.108/kWh; a net present cost (NPC) of $135,907; and an annual operating cost of $184.79, with an initial capital investment of $83,554. The system also demonstrates a net carbon reduction of 31.7 kg/year, supporting climate goals through green hydrogen integration. Sensitivity analyses reveal that variations in solar irradiance, wind speed, discount rate, and inflation rate significantly affect both energy and hydrogen production costs. The levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) was estimated at $8.75/kg. The results highlight the potential of hydrogen‐assisted microgrids to enhance energy access, economic resilience, and environmental sustainability in off‐grid regions, offering a replicable model for island electrification in developing countries.","author":[{"family":"Ali","given":"Md"},{"family":"Azam","given":"Md"},{"family":"Anika","given":"Shaikh"},{"family":"Biswas","given":"Diganto"},{"family":"Noman","given":"Md"},{"family":"Tuhin","given":"Mehedi"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Md"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1155/ijph/5549395","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijph/5549395","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7161977491","type":"article-journal","title":"Influence of Transition Metal Ion Contaminants on the Performance of Amine-Based Solid Sorbents in Direct Air Capture","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Amine-functionalized solid sorbents are a class of sorbent materials proposed for direct air capture (DAC) of CO 2, yet their long-term performance is susceptible to degradation under realistic operating conditions. Many amines are not thermodynamically stable in air, and amine sorbents oxidize while in use during DAC temperature swing adsorption processes. In this study, we investigate the role of transition metal ion contaminants, specifically Cu 2+, Fe 2+, and Ni 2+, on the oxidative degradation of poly(ethylenimine) (PEI)-impregnated SBA-15 sorbents. By introducing metal ions via different modes mimicking both synthesis-related impurities and impurities derived from environmental exposure, we systematically evaluate sorbent stability after exposure to dry air at an elevated temperature. Thermogravimetric CO 2 uptake measurements reveal that even trace levels of Cu and Fe (as low as ∼4 ppm) can lead to measurable sorbent deactivation after oxidative aging, despite negligible loss in the performance of the control samples. In situ infrared, UV–vis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies indicate that these metals catalyze radical-driven oxidation pathways, altering the chemical structure of the sorbent and accelerating degradation. Our findings underscore the need to account for trace metal contamination during DAC sorbent synthesis and deployment and highlight the importance of environmental contamination pathways.","author":[{"family":"Kuspangaliyeva","given":"Botagoz"},{"family":"Lively","given":"Ryan"},{"family":"Jones","given":"Christopher"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.est.5c11392","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c11392","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414554760","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Emission Prediction and the Reduction Pathway in Huairou District (China): A Scenario Analysis Based on the LEAP Model","abstract":"With increasingly severe global climate change, reducing carbon emissions has become an important way to promote sustainable development. However, few scholars have researched carbon emissions and carbon reduction in the Huairou district, Beijing, China. Based on the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) model, this study sets four scenarios, including a baseline scenario (BAS), an industrial structure upgrading scenario (Indus), a technological progress scenario (Tech), and a comprehensive transformation scenario (COM), to simulate the long-term annual carbon emissions of Huairou district from 2021 to 2060. The results indicate that all four scenarios could realize the target of carbon peaking by 2030. Among them, the peak carbon emissions under the Indus scenario are the highest (2608.26 kilotons), while the peak under the COM scenario is the lowest (2126.58 kilotons). Moreover, by distinguishing the carbon emissions of sectors, it can be found that the commercial sector is the largest source of carbon emissions. The proportion of carbon emissions from the industrial sector will decline, while that from the urban household sector will increase. Furthermore, the analysis of the carbon emission reduction potential of sectors reveals that the commercial and industrial sectors have the greatest potential for carbon emission reduction in the medium term. However, the focus of carbon emission reduction needs to shift towards the commercial and urban household sectors in the long term. This study could provide references for formulating carbon emission reduction pathways and realizing sustainable development.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Xuezhi"},{"family":"Qiu","given":"Tingting"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Qiuyue"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17198660","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17198660","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410576462","type":"manuscript","title":"The Optimal Timing of Storage Additions to Solar Power Plants","abstract":"The addition of battery storage to solar plants enhances the ability of those plants to deliver electricity during high-value periods. However, the value proposition of storage improves over time due to falling battery costs and increasing volatility in electricity prices, making it unclear when storage adoption should occur. In this work, we consider a 100 MW solar plant constructed in the year 2022 and build a techno-economic model to determine the optimal system design and timing of storage additions in four locations (CAISO, NYISO, ERCOT, and PJM). We find that the optimal time to add storage is in the 2027-2032 timeframe, and that the optimal quantity of storage is much higher than the amount selected if storage is included during the solar plant construction. Additionally, the model suggests significant upscaling in inverter capacity, allowing the storage to deliver electricity during brief high-price periods. We also consider the effect of temporary and permanent subsidies for batteries, showing that a long-term subsidy encourages economically optimal delays in storage adoption.","author":[{"family":"Hughes","given":"Aidan"},{"family":"King","given":"Jarred"},{"family":"Hittinger","given":"Eric"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.20944/preprints202505.1622.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202505.1622.v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409335356","type":"article-journal","title":"Investment Analysis of Low-Carbon Yard Cranes: Integrating Monte Carlo Simulation and Jump Diffusion Processes with a Hybrid American–European Real Options Approach","abstract":"In order to realize green and low-carbon transformation, some ports have explored the path of sustainable equipment upgrading by adjusting the energy structure of yard cranes in recent years. However, there are multiple uncertainties in the investment process of hydrogen-powered yard cranes, and the existing valuation methods fail to effectively deal with these dynamic changes and lack scientifically sound decision support tools. To address this problem, this study constructs a multi-factor real options model that integrates the dynamic uncertainties of hydrogen price, carbon price, and technology maturity. In this study, a geometric Brownian motion is used for hydrogen price simulation, a Markov chain model with jump diffusion term and stochastic volatility is used for carbon price simulation, and a learning curve method is used to quantify the evolution of technology maturity. Aiming at the long investment cycle of ports, a hybrid option strategy of “American and European” is designed, and the timing and scale of investment are dynamically optimized by Monte Carlo simulation and least squares regression. Based on the empirical analysis of Qingdao Port, the results show that the optimal investment plan for hydrogen-powered yard cranes project under the framework of a multi-factor option model is to use an American-type option to maintain moderate flexibility in the early stage, and to use a European-type option to lock in the return in the later stage. The study provides decision support for the green development of ports and enhances economic returns and carbon emission reduction benefits.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Ang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Ang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zongxing"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Yuhui"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Jing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18081928","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18081928","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7116985660","type":"article-journal","title":"Standardising research on marine biological carbon pathways required to estimate sequestration at Polar and sub-Polar latitudes","abstract":"Marine biological (‘blue’) carbon pathways are crucial components of the global carbon budget due to the ecosystem services they provide through the fixation of CO 2 from the atmosphere. CO 2 is removed from biosphere through long-term sequestration into seafloor sediments, removing it from the carbon cycle. Coincident with marine ice loss, little studied negative (mitigating) feedbacks to climate change are emerging in polar waters, which is important to quantify and comprehend. Understanding the mechanisms driving these pathways, that could lead to change, is a massive task and to ensure studies are comparable requires standardisation and prioritisation of future research. The expertise of scientists within the EU grant, Coastal ecosystem carbon balance in times of rapid glacier melt (CoastCarb), identified the 23 most important high latitude pathways through a modified Delphi scoring system. Metrics were selected as priorities for future research and for syntheses across broader geographic regions. The metrics with the highest importance scores also scored as the metrics that could be most readily standardised in the next five years. This review provides a definition and description of how each metric is measured, including its central role to blue carbon pathways. It also provides recommendations for standardisation, emphasising the requirement for modelling studies to scale from geographically limited regions where high-resolution data is available. Where methods cannot be standardised, cross calibration between methods is required to ensure reproducibility. An increasing use of remote sensing and innovative technologies will be necessary to scale measurements across this vast and remote region.","author":[{"family":"Morley","given":"Simon"},{"family":"Barnes","given":"David"},{"family":"Neder","given":"Camila"},{"family":"Sahade","given":"Ricardo"},{"family":"Sands","given":"Chester"},{"family":"De","given":"Aranzamendi"},{"family":"Kaja","given":"Balazy"},{"family":"Bałazy","given":"Piotr"},{"family":"Facundo","given":"Barrera"},{"family":"Bax","given":"Narissa"},{"family":"Sofia","given":"Becerra"},{"family":"Lucia","given":"Bergagna"},{"family":"Katarzyna","given":"Błachowiak"},{"family":"Braeckman","given":"Ulrike"},{"family":"Campana","given":"Gabriela"},{"family":"Deregibus","given":"Dolores"},{"family":"Troch","given":"Marleen"},{"family":"Andrea","given":"Devis"},{"family":"Díaz","given":"Patricio"},{"family":"Doyle","given":"Santiago"},{"family":"Katarzyna","given":"Dragańska"},{"family":"Luciana","given":"Ferrero"},{"family":"Giesecke","given":"Ricardo"},{"family":"Gimenez","given":"Diego"},{"family":"González","given":"Humberto"},{"family":"Höfer","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Jerosch","given":"Kerstin"},{"family":"Laakmann","given":"Silke"},{"family":"Gustavo","given":"Lovrich"},{"family":"Marina","given":"Tomás"},{"family":"Martín","given":"Jacobo"},{"family":"Matula","given":"Carolina"},{"family":"Mestre","given":"Mireia"},{"family":"Meyerjürgens","given":"Jens"},{"family":"Maria","given":"Piotto"},{"family":"Morán","given":"Gisela"},{"family":"Quartino","given":"María"},{"family":"Rimondino","given":"Agustín"},{"family":"Risso","given":"Sofía"},{"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Iara"},{"family":"Servetto","given":"Natalia"},{"family":"Storch","given":"Daniela"},{"family":"Rodríguez-Flórez","given":"Clara"},{"family":"Leonardo","given":"Saravia"},{"family":"Schloss","given":"Irene"},{"family":"Slater","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Tatián","given":"Marcos"},{"family":"Torre","given":"Luciana"},{"family":"Oevelen","given":"Dick"},{"family":"Jochen","given":"Wollschläger"},{"family":"Oliver","given":"Zielinski"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105372","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105372","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7134131990","type":"article-journal","title":"A global analysis of expected revenues from carbon dioxide removal","abstract":"Abstract Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) must scale rapidly to achieve net-zero emissions by mid-century. This scale-up requires substantial investment in the CDR industry, underpinned by stable revenues. While various different revenue streams are conceivable, and academic literature proposes diverse interventions to support CDR, we lack an empirical understanding of revenue expectations from the actors that develop and deploy CDR solutions. Drawing on 50 structured interviews with senior leaders from companies headquartered in 17 countries who develop CDR projects in 52 countries, here we assess expected revenue streams across different permanent CDR solutions. While voluntary carbon markets dominate in 2024, compliance markets are expected to become the main revenue source by 2030 already, particularly through the opening of cap-and-trade systems for removals. Direct subsidies are mainly important for immature technologies. By considering differences in expected revenues across CDR solutions and geographies, policy mixes can be designed to effectively support investment and scale-up in the heterogeneous CDR industry.","author":[{"family":"Kozian","given":"Alyssa"},{"family":"Ellensohn","given":"Jakob"},{"family":"Schmidt","given":"Tobias"},{"family":"Steffen","given":"Bjarne"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1748-9326/ae499d","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae499d","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118171702","type":"article-journal","title":"Synergistic KOH–Urea Activation of Spent Coffee Grounds Into Hierarchically Porous Carbons for High‐Performance Supercapacitors","abstract":"ABSTRACT Activated carbon derived from spent coffee grounds is synthesized by chemical activation with a defined KOH concentration and varying urea concentration. The effects of urea concentration on porosity development, electrical conductivity, and charge storage performance are systematically evaluated using SEM, Raman, XRD, BET, TEM, and electrochemical characterization methods. The sample activated with a 1:2:1 of carbon:KOH:urea ratio (ACKU1) exhibits the highest specific surface area ( S BET = 2805 m 2 g −1 ) and the most favorable pore structure, combining micro‐ and mesoporosity, whereas the sample without urea, 1:2 of carbon:KOH ratio, shows a much smaller specific surface area ( S BET = 1357 m 2 g −1 ). The electrochemical characterization of ACKU1 in the three‐electrode configuration reveals that it exhibits the highest specific capacitance ( C g = 270 F g −1 at 5 mV s −1 and C g = 293 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 ). Furthermore, the ACKU1 symmetric supercapacitor exhibits a C g cell of 54.2 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 , retaining 95% of its capacitance after 10,000 charge‐discharge cycles at 4 A g −1 , with energy and power densities of 7.5 Wh kg −1 and 58 kW kg −1 , respectively. These results highlight the synergistic effect of KOH and urea in producing high‐performance, sustainable carbon materials from biomass residues for energy storage applications.","author":[{"family":"Ríos-González","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Sánchezrodríguez","given":"César"},{"family":"Lópezsandoval","given":"Román"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/slct.202506431","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202506431","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7127620867","type":"article-journal","title":"Silk-Nano-Fibroin Aerogels: A Bio-Derived, Amine-Rich Platform for Rapid and Reversible CO 2 Capture","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Despite growing interest in biobased materials, rapid, low-temperature CO 2 capture using amine-rich natural sorbents has received limited attention. Various porous solid sorbents have drawn significant research interest as promising carbon capture materials. However, high synthesis cost, limited CO 2 adsorption capacity, sluggish adsorption–desorption kinetics, high sorbent regeneration temperature, and poor operational stability remain major challenges for their practical implementation. Here, we present silk-nanofibroin aerogels derived from natural mulberry silk as a sustainable, amine-rich, and porous solid-support-free sorbent platform for energy-efficient CO 2 capture. The aerogels exhibit a CO 2 adsorption capacity competitive with state-of-the-art amino acid and amino acid ionic liquid-based solid sorbents. Thermogravimetric analysis confirms high thermal stability up to ∼250 °C─substantially higher than that of conventional amine sorbents─while complete sorbent regeneration occurs at only 60 °C. Furthermore, the silk-nanofibroin aerogels demonstrate rapid adsorption–desorption kinetics, excellent multicycle stability, and full retention of CO 2 adsorption capacity under humid conditions. Spectroscopic analyses (XPS, FTIR, Raman, and solid-state 13 C NMR) confirm reversible CO 2 chemisorption through intrinsic amine sites at the silk-fibroin surface. Overall, this work establishes silk-nanofibroin aerogels as a sustainable and low-cost route toward energy-efficient CO 2 capture.","author":[{"family":"Sheikh","given":"Md"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Lijie"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Qiyuan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"B"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsami.5c21809","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c21809","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7126384368","type":"article-journal","title":"Digitalization and Sustainable Industrial Low-Carbon Transformation: Synergistic Effects, Policy Tools, Technical Pathways, and Financial Innovation","abstract":"In the context of the growing urgency of sustainable industrial transformation under global climate goals, this study examines how digitalization enables and amplifies industrial low-carbon transition through the synergistic interaction of policy tools, technological pathways, and financial innovation. Addressing the challenge of reconciling emissions reduction with industrial efficiency, the study employs a mixed-method approach that combines panel econometric analysis of manufacturing enterprises in China’s Yangtze River Delta with representative case studies. The empirical results demonstrate significant synergistic effects among policy, technology, and finance under digital enablement. Coordinated policy instruments, including emissions trading and green credit, reduce decarbonization costs by 18–23%, while digitally enabled mechanisms such as Zhejiang’s “Carbon Efficiency Code” lower carbon intensity by over 15% for nearly half of participating firms. Technological pathways exhibit sectoral heterogeneity: digital twin optimization reduces emissions by 12% in the steel industry, whereas IoT-based monitoring cuts energy consumption by 9.7% in textiles. Financial innovations further reinforce these outcomes by increasing green R&D intensity and enhancing firms’ climate risk resilience. From a sustainability perspective, the study shows that digitalization strengthens real-time carbon measurement, monitoring, and verification (MRV), thereby improving sustainability performance assessment and governance effectiveness. By integrating digital tools with policy and financial incentives, the findings provide actionable guidance for supporting sustainable industrial operations and designing more precise, scalable, and data-driven sustainability-oriented policy instruments.","author":[{"family":"Cai","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Jusoh","given":"Sufian"},{"family":"Yue","given":"Xiaoguang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18031433","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18031433","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7161726738","type":"article-journal","title":"Benefits of photovoltaic development on abandoned mines for carbon neutrality in China","abstract":"Amid increasing pressure to reduce carbon emissions and address the energy crisis, solar power has emerged as a key alternative to fossil fuels. China possesses extensive abandoned open-pit mines suitable for photovoltaic (PV) power development; however, their carbon mitigation and energy conservation potential remains largely underutilized. In this study, we develop an integrated model to quantify the life-cycle carbon mitigation potential of PV systems on these mines, combining PV power generation with ecological restoration of mine sites. The results indicate that developing PV systems on abandoned open-pit mines in China could generate 1.34-2.93 EJ yr-1 of renewable energy and reduce CO2 emissions by 278.85-613.79 Mt yr-1, accounting for 5.9%-12.8% of China’s coal-fired power generation and 2.8%-6.2% of its carbon emissions in 2020. Replacing conventional electricity with PV power yields greater carbon mitigation (611.63 t CO2 ha-1) than bioenergy alternatives, including biopower (102.96 t CO2 ha-1), ethanol (61.99 t CO2 ha-1), and biodiesel (17.13 t CO2 ha-1). Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Shandong, Hebei, Guangxi, and Yunnan were identified as key provinces with high renewable energy production and corresponding CO2 mitigation potential, collectively contributing 44%-45% of the total mitigation potential. Overall, an energy-oriented ecological restoration model, such as the “PV+” scenarios for abandoned open-pit mines, is economically feasible. This study provides geographically tailored information to help decision-makers optimize the use of multifunctional land resources, supporting the green transformation of the mining industry and advancing China’s dual carbon targets.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Jiaoyue"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhonghui"},{"family":"Quan","given":"Shimiao"},{"family":"Zhong","given":"Rui"},{"family":"Bing","given":"Longfei"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Qinqin"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Tingting"},{"family":"Ling","given":"Honglin"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Na"},{"family":"Xi","given":"Fengming"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.20517/cf.2026.05","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20517/cf.2026.05","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416535596","type":"article-journal","title":"Fused Filament Fabrication and Recycling of Bio‐Based Polyamide 11 Reinforced With Recycled Short Carbon Fibers","abstract":"ABSTRACT This research investigates the fused filament fabrication (FFF) and recycling of bio‐based polyamide 11 (PA11) reinforced with recycled short carbon fibers (rCFs), aiming at enhancing the sustainability of polymer additive manufacturing. The study evaluates the rheological, thermal and mechanical properties of PA11 reinforced with 10% and 20% rCFs, analyzing both hot‐pressed (HP) and 3D‐printed samples across multiple recycling cycles. The results reveal that while the addition of rCFs improves tensile stiffness and strength, it reduces ductility and impact strength. Mechanical properties degrade progressively after each recycling step, more noticeably in 3D‐printed specimens due to fiber breakage and matrix degradation. Despite this, PA11/rCF composites retain up to 95% of their elastic modulus and 80% of their ultimate tensile strength; thus, highlighting a strong potential for circular manufacturing. These findings highlight the potential of bio‐based PA11 composites for a more sustainable additive manufacturing, while also emphasizing the need for further optimization to mitigate the adverse effects of recycling on mechanical performances.","author":[{"family":"Coser","given":"Mirko"},{"family":"Rigotti","given":"Daniele"},{"family":"Pegoretti","given":"Alessandro"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/pc.70660","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.70660","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417101513","type":"article-journal","title":"Accelerated analytical model for energy storage capacity value assessment","abstract":"Energy storage systems(ESS) has becoming increasingly important to provide system reliability under elevated renewable penetration. Accurate assessment of the capacity credit of EES has been constrained by computational complexity of operational details related to hourly renewable variability and system flexibility. This paper presents a novel analytical framework for evaluating the capacity credit of ESS incorporating detailed unit commitment model and multi-year renewable variability. The methodology integrates a single-layer optimization framework eliminating iterative convergence, a fast unit commitment-based reliability evaluation, and a scenario reduction algorithm preserving critical statistical characteristics. Case studies on typical Chinese provincial power system demonstrate the proposed model reduce computational time by 86% while maintaining 99.8% accuracy compared with conventional methods. Results show that storage capacity value depends significantly on duration, storage-to-renewable ratio, and inter-annual renewable variability. The framework provides system planners with an efficient tool for ESS capacity adequacy assessments in renewable-dominated power systems.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yuxin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Xinyu"},{"family":"Han","given":"Jingzuo"},{"family":"Zou","given":"Junxuan"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Qiuwei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.111434","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.111434","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125502539","type":"article-journal","title":"Game-Theoretic Assessment of Grid-Scale Hydrogen Energy Storage Adoption in Island Grids of the Philippines","abstract":"This study introduces an integrated Life Cycle Assessment–Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis–Nash Equilibrium (LCA–MCDA–NE) framework to assess the feasibility of hydrogen energy storage (HES) in Philippine island grids. It starts with a cradle-to-gate LCA of hydrogen production across various electricity mix scenarios, from diesel-dominated Small Power Utilities Group (SPUG) systems to high-renewable configurations, quantifying greenhouse gas emissions. These impacts are normalized and integrated into an MCDA framework that considers four stakeholder perspectives: Regulatory (PRF), Developer (DF), Scientific (SF), and Local Social (LSF). Attribute utilities for Maintainability, Energy Efficiency, Geographic–Climatic Suitability, and Regulatory Compliance inform a 2 × 2 strategic game where net utility gain (Δ) and switching costs (C1, C2) influence adoption behavior. The findings indicate that the baseline Nash Equilibrium favors non-adoption due to limited utility gains and high switching barriers. However, enhancements in Maintainability and reduced costs can shift this equilibrium toward adoption. The LCA results show that meaningful decarbonization occurs only when low-carbon generation exceeds 60% of the electricity mix. This integrated framework highlights that successful HES deployment in remote grids relies on stakeholder coordination, reduced risks, and access to low-carbon electricity, offering a replicable model for emerging economies.","author":[{"family":"Palanca","given":"Alvin"},{"family":"Chao","given":"Cherry"},{"family":"Yap","given":"Kristian"},{"family":"Leon","given":"Rizalinda"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/hydrogen7010015","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen7010015","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412835829","type":"article-journal","title":"Balanced Iodophilicity and Solvophilicity Unlocks Fast Iodine Conversion Chemistry","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The shuttling of polyiodides and sluggish redox kinetics greatly hinder the implementation of an aqueous Zn–I 2 battery. Despite numerous catalysts have been implemented to improve the iodine cathode stability, an important aspect, the balance between polyiodide adsorption and interfacial mass transport kinetics at the cathode surface, has been overlooked. It is known that insufficient intermediate trapping ability will cause low iodine utilization and fast capacity decay. However, excessive adsorption of iodine species will block the ion transport and lead to passivation of the catalyst, which is particularly serious under lean-electrolyte and high mass loading conditions. To tackle this challenge, we employ a dual single atomic catalyst encompassing NiN 4 P and FeN 4 P sites to promote a catalytic interface with well-balanced solvophilicity and iodophilicity. Specifically, the FeN 4 and NiN 4 sites primarily enhance polyiodide immobilization and mass transport, respectively. The P ligands further strengthen these functions by tuning the Fe site from low to medium spin state and creating the anion-rich inner Helmholtz plane at Ni sites. Benefiting from this dual-metal atomic catalyst, the iodine cathode exhibits high cycling stability and ultralow self-discharge rate under a low E/I ratio. This work provides insights into regulating the aqueous halogen cathode interface for long cycle life.","author":[{"family":"Xiao","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jin‐lin"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Ruo"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Hengyue"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Huan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Bao","given":"Haoming"},{"family":"Jin","given":"Xiaoyan"},{"family":"Hwang","given":"Seong‐ju"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhe"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Hong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/jacs.5c05786","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c05786","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131637779","type":"article-journal","title":"Cradle-to-Gate Assessment and Mitigation of Embodied Carbon in Commercial Buildings","abstract":"According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2024), carbon dioxide is the leading greenhouse gas driving global warming. The building sector accounts for about 39% of global energy-related carbon emissions, with 11% from embodied carbon generated during material extraction, manufacturing, transport, and assembly. This study examines embodied carbon in the Harold L. Martin Sr. Engineering Research and Innovation Complex at North Carolina A&T State University, a four-story, 130,000 square-foot facility completed in 2021. Using architectural and structural documents, verified material quantities were analyzed to calculate cradle-to-gate embodied carbon (A1–A3 stages) for major components, including concrete, steel, glazing, and finishes. Results show structural materials, especially concrete and steel, dominate embodied emissions, followed by envelope systems. Sensitivity analyses indicate that substituting materials, such as recycled steel, low-carbon concrete, and bio-based finishes, can reduce total embodied carbon by 15–30% while maintaining performance.","author":[{"family":"Rifaie","given":"Khulood"},{"family":"Abu-Lebdeh","given":"Taher"},{"family":"Raees","given":"Nihal"},{"family":"Fadiel","given":"Ashraf"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings16050928","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16050928","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125120313","type":"article-journal","title":"Cost and Carbon Intensity Implications of Coprocessing Sustainable Aviation Fuel at Petroleum Refineries","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) will play a critical role in decarbonizing the aviation industry. Among SAF production pathways, alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) stands out for its scalability, supported by abundant feedstock availability and a well-established bioethanol industry. However, significant reductions in SAF carbon intensity (CI) require the use of future feedstocks (e.g., cellulosic) whose adoption is hindered by high capital costs for feedstock processing and ethanol upgrading. Here, we evaluate the financial viability and environmental implications of integrating an ATJ SAF biorefinery within a petroleum refinery, utilizing miscanthus and switchgrass as example feedstocks. Three scenarios are evaluated: standalone (benchmark), colocated, and repurposing (coprocessing SAF within the petroleum refinery). Results show repurposing reduces baseline capital costs by 36% and SAF minimum selling price (MSP) by 12% to 8.14 USD·gal –1; the superior performance of repurposing is consistent across both feedstocks. Integration has a limited effect on SAF CI, which remains stable across scenarios, whereas using cellulosic feedstocks reduces CI by over 70% relative to corn, with baseline values of 17.01 g CO 2 e·MJ –1 for miscanthus and 12.23 g CO 2 e·MJ –1 for switchgrass. Global sensitivity analysis reveals MSP declines with greater coprocessing levels. Overall, this work demonstrates the potential of cellulosic ATJ coprocessing to enable cost-effective, low-carbon aviation fuels.","author":[{"family":"Guo","given":"Wenjun"},{"family":"Kudli","given":"Lavanya"},{"family":"Bhagwat","given":"Sarang"},{"family":"Bianco","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Guest","given":"Jeremy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.est.5c17540","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c17540","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7129020645","type":"manuscript","title":"Solvent-Free Manufacturing of Electrified Structured Sorbents for Scalable Direct Air Capture","abstract":"Direct air capture (DAC) of CO2 is an irreplaceable carbon removal technology, but its gigatonscale deployment requires the continuous manufacturing of highly efficient structured sorbent. Conventional solvent-based manufacturing fundamentally limits active material loading and imposes massive energy and environmental penalties, undermining the net-negative emissions goal of DAC. Here, we report a universal, solvent-free dry fabrication platform to continuously manufacture electrified structured sorbents with an unprecedented 97wt% active material loading. By exploiting the shear-induced fibrillation of polymer binders, we process diverse sorbent powders, including zeolites, mesoporous silicas, and metal-organic frameworks, into self-supporting flexible films. Lamination of these films onto conductive graphite creates an architecture capable of rapid, spatially homogeneous Joule heating. Assembled into a lowpressure-drop spiral-would module, an electrically driven temperature vacuum swing adsorption (e-TVSA) system delivers an exceptional volumetric productivity of 73.5 kgCO2/m 3 /day and maintains robust cyclic stability under realistic humid conditions. Supported by techno-economic analysis projecting a competitive levelized cost of $380 per tonne of CO2, this scalable, chemistry-agnostic manufacturing paradigm bridges the critical gap between bench-scale material discovery and industrially viable, gigaton-scale carbon removal.","author":[{"family":"Park","given":"Injun"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Sieun"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Junseong"},{"family":"Hebisch","given":"Karoline"},{"family":"Park","given":"Inhwan"},{"family":"You","given":"Juhyeong"},{"family":"Heo","given":"Huiryung"},{"family":"Jamal","given":"Aqil"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Jinsu"},{"family":"Koh","given":"Dong‐yeun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.26434/chemrxiv.15000091/v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15000091/v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133305697","type":"article-journal","title":"Femtosecond laser synthesis of multiscale high-entropy alloys/graphene composites for high-performance Joule heating","abstract":"Abstract High-entropy alloy nanoparticles (HEA-NPs) have garnered significant interest across diverse fields. However, thus far, research on their applications has predominantly focused on electrocatalysis. Expanding the applications of HEA-NPs beyond current fields is timely and desirable but remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate the successful femtosecond laser synthesis of HEA-NPs on the laser-induced graphene (LIG) for realizing high-performance Joule heating applications. This prepared composites (HEAs/LIG) exhibits exceptional electrothermal conversion ability with efficiency up to ~285.4 °C cm 2 W −1 . Furthermore, the HEAs/LIG also shows high broadband infrared emissivity of ~0.98 across the wavelength range from 2.5 to 20 μm. Finally, we present the applications of HEAs/LIG as an efficient Joule heater, which consumes ~49.1% less energy compared to conventional electrical heaters in winter. This work expands the application of HEA-NPs into the Joule heating field, and underlining the importance of further development in efficient energy utilization technology.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Lingxiao"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Jianqiang"},{"family":"Song","given":"Xinghao"},{"family":"Pei","given":"Jiaqing"},{"family":"He","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Duan","given":"Ji"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-026-70162-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70162-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410375938","type":"article-journal","title":"3D Printed Electrochemical Biometric Bracelet for Smartwatches","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Smartwatches are the most popular wearable devices, providing wearers with the ability to self-monitor their physical parameters. Here, we broaden the health monitoring features of smartwatches from hemodynamic to biochemical e-tracking, through their integration with a 3D printed electrochemical multi-sensory bracelet, which enables noninvasive monitoring of multiple sweat bioindicators. The bio-bracelet is entirely fabricated via 3D printing and consists of an array of six carbon black plastic electrodes embedded in the inner side of a flexible plastic strip that is attached to a smartwatch. The bio-bracelet connects to a mini potentiostat that is directly linked to a smartphone, allowing the capture of bioindicator responses via a mobile app. As a proof-of-concept the bio-bracelet is applied for the enzymatic-based chronoamperometric sequential detection of glucose, alcohol, lactate, and simultaneous voltammetric monitoring of uric acid and caffeine in sweat.","author":[{"family":"Koukouviti","given":"Eleni"},{"family":"Economou","given":"Anastasios"},{"family":"Kokkinos","given":"Christos"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acselectrochem.5c00092","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acselectrochem.5c00092","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125894252","type":"article-journal","title":"Thermal Energy Storage for Sustainable Smart Agricultural Facilities: Design, Integration, Control, Environmental Impacts, and Future Perspectives","abstract":"Smart agricultural systems need stable thermal environments for greenhouses, livestock housing, and on-farm processing. However, renewable heat sources such as solar collectors and heat pumps often cause fluctuations that challenge reliable operation. Thermal energy storage (TES)—particularly water-based sensible tanks, stratified reservoirs, and phase-change material (PCM) systems—provides an effective solution by decoupling heat supply and demand. In this review, tank-based TES technologies for agricultural applications, focusing on design, integration with renewable energy systems, and control strategies, are critically examined. Key performance aspects, including thermal stratification, state-of-charge estimation, and advanced predictive control, are analyzed to identify best practices and limitations. The review finds that sensible TES remains dominant in farm applications due to its low cost and durability, while latent (PCM/ice) and thermochemical storage provide a higher energy density and long-duration potential but are presently limited by material stability, system complexity, and cost. From an environmental perspective, TES contributes to reducing fossil fuel dependence, improving resource efficiency, lowering greenhouse gas emissions, and boosting the resilience of rural farming systems. Overall, TES is recognized as a key enabling technology for climate-smart, energy-efficient, and sustainable agricultural operations. However, remaining research gaps include long-term field validation, standardized performance metrics, and life-cycle environmental assessment.","author":[{"family":"Mehtab","given":"Ahsan"},{"family":"Mun","given":"Hong"},{"family":"Lagua","given":"Eddiemar"},{"family":"Park","given":"Hae"},{"family":"Kang","given":"Jin"},{"family":"Sharifuzzaman","given":"Md"},{"family":"Hasan","given":"Md"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Young"},{"family":"Ryu","given":"Sang"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Chul"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18031311","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18031311","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7116947311","type":"article-journal","title":"Machine Learning Accelerated Diamine/Tertiary‐Amine Mixtures Design for CO 2 Capture","abstract":"ABSTRACT Chain diamines have gained attention in carbon capture recently for their high CO 2 absorption capacity and rate. However, how diamine structure regulates the activation barrier of CO 2 absorption remains unclear, and the large number of amine candidates hinders efficient screening of low‐energy absorbents. To resolve these issues, this study first used DFT to investigate the regulation mechanism of diamines on CO 2 absorption and clarify key reaction pathways and structure‐activity relationships. It was confirmed that diamines react with CO 2 via a zwitterion mechanism, while diamine/tertiary amine mixtures react with CO 2 through single‐step proton transfer. Diamines with more primary amine sites have lower barriers; methyl/ethyl substitution, carbon chain extension (on either amine), or hydroxyl substitution (on diamines) increases the proton transfer barrier. To address low screening efficiency from excessive candidates, an efficient framework integrating DFT and active learning was constructed. Using DFT‐calculated reaction barriers, a feature mapping with RDKit descriptors was built, and an active learning model was developed via 10 iterative rounds. The model achieved high prediction accuracy ( R 2 = 0.821) for the rate‐determining step's activation barrier. SHAP analysis identified the steric‐related first‐order molecular connectivity index (T_Chi1v) as the dominant feature. Finally, the optimal amine pair (AEEA + EDMA, activation barrier: 0.8 kcal·mol −1 ) was identified. This work clarifies the core mechanism via DFT, enables efficient candidate screening via active learning, and explains the optimal combination's performance through mechanistic tracing—providing an interpretable route for developing low‐energy, high‐efficiency mixed amine absorbents and advancing carbon capture technology.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Yaguo"},{"family":"Niu","given":"Mengran"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Zekun"},{"family":"Qin","given":"Shuqi"},{"family":"He","given":"Yunong"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Chunming"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Tianhang"},{"family":"Lan","given":"Xingying"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cnl2.70103","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnl2.70103","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133492702","type":"article-journal","title":"Control of Brominated and Iodinated DBPs within a Drinking Water Distribution System with Granular Activated Carbon and Biological Filtration","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide This study evaluated the effectiveness of parallel field-scale granular activated carbon (GAC) and biological activated carbon (BAC) filters for removing brominated and iodinated disinfection byproducts (Br-/I-DBPs) from a drinking water distribution system and associated changes in calculated additive toxicity (CAT). Over an 11 month period, 23 of 37 monitored DBP species were detected in the feedwater, with Br-/I-DBPs constituting 72% of trihalomethanes (THMs), 20% of haloaldehydes (HALs), 67% of haloacetonitriles (HANs), and 48% of haloacetic acids (HAAs). GAC effectively decreased all ambient HANs, HALs, and HAAs to below method reporting limits and completely removed THMs up to 3000 bed volumes, resulting in a 99% reduction in CAT. BAC removed all HANs, HALs, and HAAs but showed limited THM removal; however, CAT was reduced by 99%. Following GAC or BAC treatments, supplemental chlorination led to the formation of THMs, HALs, and HAAs─though no HANs─restoring 30–55% of the original CAT, primarily driven by brominated HALs. Microbial analysis revealed taxa, (e.g., Sphingomonas, Rhodospirillales, and Nitrosomonadales ) capable of DBP/precursor degradation, alongside taxa associated with opportunistic pathogens underscoring the need for post-treatment disinfection. Overall, GAC and BAC are effective strategies for mitigating Br-/I-DBPs in distribution systems, though rechlorination partially offset treatment benefits.","author":[{"family":"Kajjumba","given":"George"},{"family":"Washington","given":"Ceonie"},{"family":"Erdem","given":"Cagri"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Daekyun"},{"family":"Karanfil","given":"Tanju"},{"family":"Chowdhury","given":"Zaid"},{"family":"Crank","given":"Katherine"},{"family":"Gerrity","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Trenholm","given":"Rebecca"},{"family":"Summers","given":"RS"},{"family":"Dickenson","given":"Eric"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.est.5c12117","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c12117","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125507393","type":"article-journal","title":"Spatial and Temporal Dynamics and Climate Contribution of Forest Ecosystem Carbon Sinks in Guangxi During 2000–2023","abstract":"To clarify the spatial–temporal evolution patterns and climate-driven mechanisms of carbon sinks of forest ecosystems under climate change, we calculated the net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of forests in the Guangxi region using remote sensing and meteorological data from 2000 to 2023. By employing trend analysis, spatial clustering, the Hurst index, and climate contribution evaluation, we analyzed the spatial and temporal changes, sustainability, and the relative contribution of climate impacts on forest carbon sinks. The results are as follows: The carbon sink capacity of forests in Guangxi increased continuously from 2000 to 2023, at a rate of 3.57 g C·m−2·a−1, reaching 39.19% higher in 2023 than in 2000. The carbon sink capacity was higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast, with hotspots mainly located in evergreen/deciduous broad-leaved forest areas. The Hurst index indicates that 84.44% of regions are likely to maintain this increasing trend, suggesting stability in forest carbon sink function. The climate contribution rate to forest carbon sinks was moderate, with significant temporal fluctuations. Temperature governed annual variation in forest carbon sinks, influencing up to 36.37% of the area. The annual average contribution rate of climate change to forest carbon sinks was 30.28%, but there were temporal fluctuations and spatial heterogeneity. Over time, climate contributions had a positive driving impact; however, extreme climate events tended to produce a negative effect. The pattern of forest carbon sinks in Guangxi showed a “heat sink-coupling” phenomenon, with 16.23% of the hotspots of forest carbon sinks coinciding with temperature control zones, highlighting the enhancing effect of temperature rise on carbon sinks against a background of water and heat synergy. This study provides a scientific basis for the assessment of forest carbon sink potential and climate suitability management in Guangxi.","author":[{"family":"Mo","given":"Jianfei"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Bei"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Cheng"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Xiyuan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yanli"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/f17020151","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f17020151","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417050414","type":"article-journal","title":"Artificial Intelligence for Underground Gas Storage Engineering: A Review with Bibliometric and Knowledge-Graph Insights","abstract":"Underground gas storage (UGS), encompassing hydrogen, natural gas, and compressed air, is a cornerstone of large-scale energy transition strategies, offering seasonal balancing, security of supply, and integration with renewable energy systems. However, the complexity of geological conditions, multiphysics coupling, and operational uncertainties pose significant challenges for UGS design, monitoring, and optimization. Artificial intelligence (AI)—particularly machine learning and deep learning—has emerged as a powerful tool to overcome these challenges. This review systematically examines AI applications in underground storage types such as salt caverns, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs, abandoned mines, and lined rock caverns using bibliometric and knowledge-graph analysis of 176 publications retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. The study revealed a rapid surge in AI-related research on UGS since 2017, with underground hydrogen storage emerging as the most dynamic and rapidly expanding research frontier. The results reveal six dominant research frontiers: (i) AI-assisted geological characterization and property prediction; (ii) physics-informed proxy modeling and multi-physics simulation; (iii) gas–rock–fluid interaction, wettability, and interfacial behavior prediction; (iv) injection-production process optimization; (v) intelligent design and construction of underground storage, especially salt caverns; and (vi) intelligent monitoring, optimization, and risk management. Despite these advances, challenges persist in data scarcity, physical consistency, and generalization. Future efforts should focus on hybrid physics-informed AI, digital twin-enabled operation, and multi-gas comparative frameworks to achieve safe, efficient, and intelligent underground storage systems aligned with global carbon neutrality.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Jiasong"},{"family":"Wang","given":"G"},{"family":"Bai","given":"Xuefeng"},{"family":"Duan","given":"Chong"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Lujia"},{"family":"Ge","given":"Xinbo"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Guimin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jinlong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18236354","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18236354","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165561200","type":"article-journal","title":"N‐Doping Activated Presodiation Enhances Sodium‐Ion Provision in Hard Carbon Anodes","abstract":"ABSTRACT Hard carbon (HC) is considered the most promising anode material for commercial sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), yet it still faces critical challenges such as low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE). Presodiation can improve ICE by compensating for sodium loss caused by irreversible defects in HC. However, research on how the active sodium content during presodiation affects the formation and stability of the preconstructed solid electrolyte interface (SEI) remains limited. Based on this background, this work introduces many pyrrolic nitrogen (N‐5) sites into HC through pyrolysis of a urea‐HC composite, working in synergy with chemical presodiation to enhance sodium‐ion provision. Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that the N‐5 sites strengthen the adsorption capability for Na + and its ability to capture PF 6 − from the electrolyte, promoting the preformation of a stable, inorganic‐rich SEI layer. As a result, the PS‐0.5NHC achieves an excellent ICE of 98.54%, a capacity retention of 90.6% after 1000 cycles at 1.5 A g −1 . In a full‐cell configuration, the ICE is also significantly improved from 70.74% to 91.53%. This work provides a novel design concept for mitigating the inherent defects of the HC anode.","author":[{"family":"Lin","given":"Hua"},{"family":"Miao","given":"Wenxing"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Yanrong"},{"family":"Mao","given":"GG"},{"family":"Ding","given":"Ding"},{"family":"Jq","given":"Weng"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Zhongxiong"},{"family":"许清池"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Jun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.75460","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.75460","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7123362916","type":"article-journal","title":"Periodic fasting and refeeding re-shapes lipid saturation, storage, and distribution in brown adipose tissue","abstract":"Brown adipose tissue (BAT) functions as a metabolic sink, efficiently processing fatty acids (FAs), glucose, and amino acids, playing a pivotal role in metabolic regulation and energy homeostasis. However, the metabolic adaptations enabling BAT to respond to fasting and refeeding cycles are not well understood. Using mass spectrometry techniques-Liquid Chromatography (LC), Capillary Electrophoresis (CE), and Spatially Resolved Imaging-we demonstrate that BAT exhibits a unique free fatty acid (FFA) and lipid-bound FA profile, with enrichment of very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs) and C13-C14 FAs compared to white adipose tissue (WAT) in male C57BL/6 mice. Alternate-day fasting (ADF) triggered a dynamic change of these FFAs in BAT, accompanied by selective alterations of upper glycolysis, glyceroneogenesis, and triglyceride synthesis, a shift less pronounced in WAT. Additionally, several BAT lipid species, including glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids, transitioned from highly unsaturated to more saturated lipids upon refeeding, alongside significant spatial and dynamic reprogramming. Mechanistically, periodic fasting and refeeding activated mTORC1, and genetic inactivation of mTORC1 in BAT diminished ADF-induced lipid saturation, storage, and redistribution in the C57BL/6 background. These findings reveal that while BAT generally prefers unsaturated fats, it undergoes substantial lipid saturation and spatially dynamic reprogramming in response to fasting and refeeding, offering new insights into BAT's adaptive role in metabolic homeostasis.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xing"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Ting"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Chunqing"},{"family":"Vazquez","given":"Valeria"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Dandan"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Le","given":"Que"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Melody"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiaofei"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xuexian"},{"family":"Pu","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Campen","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Changjian"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Meilian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3003593","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003593","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2026.109617","type":"article-journal","title":"Cost-benefit analysis on carbon capture and storage (CCS) project: The case of Jawa 9 &amp; 10 power plant in Indonesia","abstract":"As Indonesia advances toward its net-zero emissions target, carbon capture and storage (CCS) is emerging as a vital mitigation strategy, especially for coal-based power generation. This study examines the economic feasibility of implementing CCS at the Jawa 9 & 10 coal-fired power plant in Suralaya, Indonesia, through a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) over 30 years. Four CCS scenarios are analyzed based on two transportation methods (pipeline, shipping) and two carbon pricing methods (domestic, international). Results show that domestic price scenarios yield a benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 0.5–0.6, signaling financial infeasibility. In contrast, international price scenarios achieve a BCR of 1.1–1.2, reflecting stronger revenues from carbon credits. Pipeline transport consistently outperforms shipping due to lower operating costs. Sensitivity analysis highlights that a 1% increase in carbon price results in about a 1.003–1.005% increase in the BCR, while a 1 %age point increase in the discount rate decreases the BCR by about 3.8–4.3%. The findings suggest that under current pricing mechanisms, CCS remains economically unviable in Indonesia. Policy priorities include enhancing carbon pricing, expanding concessional financing, and fostering public-private partnerships to support large-scale CCS deployment. This study contributes to the literature by modeling project-level financial thresholds and identifying enabling policy conditions for CCS in developing economies.","author":[{"family":"Jung","given":"Tae"},{"family":"Kang","given":"Sung"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Seon"},{"family":"Park","given":"Semin"},{"family":"Park","given":"Semin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.egyr.2026.109617","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2026.109617","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1080/09644016.2026.2638045","type":"article-journal","title":"From rejection to reliance on carbon capture and storage in Denmark: a case of mitigation deterrence?","abstract":"Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has in recent years gained increasing attention as a climate solution. In Denmark, geological CO2-storage was earlier rejected, but in 2020 CCS was incorporated into national climate policy as key to reach the country’s 2030 target. In this article we investigate the incorporation of CCS into Danish climate policy as a case of mitigation deterrence. Through the concept of sociotechnical imaginaries, we analyse the relation between technology, risk and identity, illustrating how CCS was first resisted and rejected, but then reemerged and became embedded in national policy, extending into subnational climate plans. We posit that the incorporation of CCS in Danish climate policy likely constitutes a case of mitigation deterrence in the forms of substitution and failure and mitigation foregone. We argue that the reliance on future technologies to reach climate targets was enabled by a national imaginary of being a green frontrunner.","author":[{"family":"Hougaard","given":"Inge"},{"family":"Christiansen","given":"Kirstine"},{"family":"Hougaard","given":"Inge‐merete"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1080/09644016.2026.2638045","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2026.2638045","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7143987550","type":"article-journal","title":"Capturing carbon, creating value: unlocking carbon capture and storage and carbon capture and utilization for a net‐zero future","abstract":"Abstract Climate change is driven largely by CO 2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels in everyday human activities. It is essential to reduce CO 2 emissions to meet the targets of the Paris Agreement, but this presents challenges for the stability of energy supplies. This review examines emerging technologies that address this dilemma, focusing on carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture and utilization (CCU). Carbon capture and storage involves capturing CO 2 emissions – particularly from high‐emitting industries such as petrochemicals, cement, and steel – for long‐term geological storage. Carbon capture and utilization provides pathways for converting captured CO 2 into value‐added products, including fuels, chemicals, and polymers, supporting circular economy principles. This review critically evaluates the four main carbon capture approaches – post combustion, precombustion, oxy‐fuel combustion, and direct air capture. Integration of these technologies with renewable energy sources is identified as a promising route toward global decarbonization and sustainable economic growth. However, widespread adoption of CCS and CCU remains limited because of high costs, technical barriers, and substantial energy demands. Continued innovation, together with strong policy support, will be required to overcome these barriers and enable large‐scale implementation.","author":[{"family":"Ahmad","given":"Fawad"},{"family":"Laraib","given":"Nimra"},{"family":"Fatima","given":"MJJ"},{"family":"Noor","given":"Salma"},{"family":"Zain","given":"Nimra"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Shanableh","given":"Abdallah"},{"family":"Luque","given":"Rafael"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/bbb.70120","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.70120","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413832876","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparative Assessment and Deployment of Zeolites, MOFs, and Activated Carbons for CO2 Capture and Geological Sequestration Applications","abstract":"The rising level of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major driver of climate change, highlighting the need to develop carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies quickly. This paper offers a comparative review of three main groups of porous adsorbent materials—zeolites, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and activated carbons—for their roles in CO2 capture and long-term storage. By examining their structural features, adsorption capacities, moisture stability, and economic viability, the strengths and weaknesses of each material are assessed. Additionally, five different methods for delivering these materials into depleted oil and gas reservoirs are discussed: direct suspension injection, polymer-assisted transport, foam-assisted delivery, encapsulation with controlled release, and preformed particle gels. The potential of hybrid systems, such as MOF–carbon composites and polymer-functionalized materials, is also examined for improved selectivity and durability in underground environments. This research aims to connect materials science with subsurface engineering, helping guide the selection and use of adsorbent materials in real-world CCS applications. The findings support the optimization of CCS deployment and contribute to broader climate change efforts and the goal of achieving net-zero emissions. Key findings include CO2 adsorption capacities of 3.5–8.0 mmol/g and surface areas up to 7000 m2/g, with MOFs demonstrating the highest uptake and activated carbons offering cost-effective performance.","author":[{"family":"Mouctar","given":"Mohamadou"},{"family":"Hassan","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Bimbo","given":"Nuno"},{"family":"Abbas","given":"Syed"},{"family":"Shigidi","given":"Ihab"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/inventions10050078","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions10050078","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406414745","type":"article-journal","title":"Chemical Looping Combustion for Coupling with Efficient CO 2 Capture and Utilization: Stable Oxygen Carriers and Carbon Cycle","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The capture of CO 2 with chemical looping combustion (CLC) offers a novel approach to significantly reduce carbon emissions while simultaneously utilizing captured CO 2 as a valuable resource by leveraging its inherent CO 2 separation capability. The separation of CO 2 in CLC technology achieves low-cost CO 2 capture through the utilization of highly efficient oxygen carriers (OC), enabling the coupling of CO 2 capture with subsequent hydrogenation reactions for high-value-added chemical production. This review comprehensively summarizes the principle of the CLC technology, the current status of OC research, and the potential for CO 2 capture in chemical synthesis, providing theoretical insights into the feasibility of activating and utilizing CO 2 within practical industrial processes. The stable OC brought about excellent properties and higher application value in the long term operation. The careful selection of a stable OC and the rational design of oxygen vacancies are the keys to enable this technology; however, further research is needed to develop a highly efficient and stable OC to optimize the CO 2 capture efficiency and product yields while elucidating the underlying reaction mechanisms.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yanan"},{"family":"Han","given":"Hongjing"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Nini"},{"family":"Che","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiaodan"},{"family":"Xue","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Deng","given":"Jitong"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Chunfei"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Haiying"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yanguang"},{"family":"Yi","given":"Shouliang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03713","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03713","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411707390","type":"article-journal","title":"Pseudocapacitive materials for energy storage: properties, mechanisms, and applications in supercapacitors and batteries","abstract":"The growing demand for efficient energy storage has intensified interest in pseudocapacitive materials, known for their high-power density, rapid charge–discharge capabilities, and tunable physicochemical properties. This review explores the foundational principles and evolution of pseudocapacitive materials, emphasizing recent strategies to improve their electrochemical performance in supercapacitor applications. Key focus areas include: 1) intercalation-type materials such as Nb 2 O 5 , TiO 2 , and V 2 O 5 , which offer fast and reversible ion insertion without phase transitions; 2) redox-active materials like transition metal oxides and 2D materials (e.g., MXenes), which enhance charge storage through surface and near-surface Faradaic reactions; and 3) materials relying on surface adsorption mechanisms that enable ultrafast kinetics and excellent cycling stability. Special attention is given to nickel-based compounds NiO, Ni(OH) 2 , and related composites owing to their high theoretical capacitance, multiple valence states, and cost-effectiveness, making them promising for both supercapacitors and hybrid energy storage devices. The interplay between structural design, conductivity, and electrochemical behavior is critically assessed. Lastly, the review outlines current challenges and future directions in the development of scalable, high-performance pseudocapacitive materials. This work aims to guide the rational design of next-generation electrode materials for advanced supercapacitor technologies.","author":[{"family":"Wei","given":"Yimin"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Kulurumotlakatla"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Long"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jianfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1636683","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1636683","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415570250","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage: Technology, Application, and Policy","abstract":"Global warming has become a major challenge facing human society, with carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions being its primary driver. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) represents a promising technology for mitigating CO2 emissions from industrial and energy sectors. However, challenges such as high energy consumption, lengthy construction cycles, significant costs, and inadequate policy and market mechanisms hinder the widespread adoption of CCUS technology. This paper reviews the potential, applications, and related policies of CCUS technology, highlighting current research progress and obstacles. First, it provides a comprehensive overview of the CCUS technology framework, detailing developments and engineering applications in capture, transport, enhanced oil recovery, and storage technologies. Through global case studies and analysis, the review also examines advancements in CCUS infrastructure and technology strategies, along with operational experiences from major global projects. Second, it delves into the mechanisms, applications, and challenges of CCUS-related technologies, which are crucial for advancing their industrial deployment. It also outlines policy measures adopted by different countries to support CCUS technology development and large-scale deployment. Finally, it projects future directions for CCUS technology and policy development.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Zicheng"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Qizhao"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Baoshen"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Dongya"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13113414","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13113414","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406042342","type":"article-journal","title":"Co‐Benefits of Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency Gains Through Combined Use of Controlled‐Release Urea and Conventional Urea in Rice","abstract":"ABSTRACT Combined use of controlled‐release urea and conventional urea (CCU) is considered a practical strategy to simultaneously achieve the dual benefits of crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, the overall impact of CCU on rice production is not well understood. A meta‐analysis was conducted to determine the effect of CCU on rice yield and NUE in China. The results revealed that CCU increased rice yield by 6.22% and NUE by 16.5% compared with conventional urea. Significant yield and NUE gains from CCU were evident only when the ratio of controlled‐release urea to total nitrogen input reached 0.6 or above. Rice yield and NUE were increased simultaneously at nitrogen rates ranging from 150 to 225 kg ha−1, with no significant improvement in grain yield and NUE with nitrogen supply beyond 290 and 327 kg ha−1, respectively. In addition, rice yield and NUE were significantly greater with split rather than single application of CCU. Also, rice yield and NUE were increased when mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP) and soil available nitrogen (AN) were more than 10°C, 800 mm, and 50 mg kg−1, respectively. Soil pH and organic matter content were significant determinants of rice yield and NUE gains with CCU. Our findings clearly demonstrate that the combined use of controlled‐release urea and conventional urea will deliver significant gains in rice yield and NUE and that it should be proposed as an effective measure for sustainable rice production.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Linsheng"},{"family":"Lakshmanan","given":"Prakash"},{"family":"Tu","given":"Debao"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Xueyuan"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yongjin"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Youzun"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhong"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Wenge"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xiaoyan"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Ting"},{"family":"Xi","given":"Min"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/fes3.70043","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70043","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407622332","type":"article-journal","title":"Applicability of Adsorbents in Direct Air Capture (DAC): Recent Progress and Future Perspectives","abstract":"Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) has been considered as an approach to mitigate CO 2 emissions to achieve a net-zero target as indicated in the Paris Climate Agreement. Nevertheless, over 50% of global CO 2 emissions stem from distributed sources; the incorporation of negative emission technologies (NETs) is required. Direct air capture (DAC) is recognized as one of the feasible NETs offering flexibility in installation location. This review primarily focuses on the utilization of solid sorbents, which demonstrate lower energy consumption and higher CO 2 /N 2 selectivity compared to alternative methods (cryogenic distillation and amine scrubbing). It provides a comprehensive analysis of the performance of nonporous and nanoporous adsorbents relevant to DAC applications. Among these, amine-appended adsorbents are the key for the DAC process due to the strong affinity between CO 2 and amine at low partial pressure, as highlighted in the literature. Last but not least, the future direction and the practical feasibility of the sorbent-based DAC process will be discussed to allow more effective analysis of adsorbent performance, especially in the context of the repetitive adsorption/desorption cycling process.","author":[{"family":"Chuah","given":"Chong"},{"family":"Ho","given":"Y"},{"family":"Syed","given":"Asima"},{"family":"Thivyalakshmi","given":"KGK"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Euntae"},{"family":"Johari","given":"Khairiraihanna"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Yanqin"},{"family":"Poon","given":"Wai"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03265","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03265","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406205642","type":"article-journal","title":"Ancestral carbonic anhydrase with significantly enhanced stability and activity for CO2 capture and utilization","abstract":"Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) has garnered increasing attention in carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) due to their ecological friendliness. However, most of them suffer susceptibility to deactivation in harsh conditions. Herein, a reliable dataset was adopted for creating ancestral CAs through an optimized ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) method. After prescreening, the ancestor AncCA19 was obtained and successfully expressed. The hydration activity of AncCA19 was as high as 58,859 WAU/mg, with the optimum temperature and pH obtained by esterase assay at 100 ℃ and 9, respectively. AncCA19 had the longest half-life (1.7 h) at 95 ℃ compared with existing CAs. After 2 weeks' incubation in artificial seawater at 30 ℃ or 25.0 % N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) at 60 ℃, the activities remained above 47,370 WAU/mg and 6,596 WAU/mg, respectively. Thus, AncCA19, as a novel benchmark of CAs, exhibits exceptional stability in a variety CCUS applications, establishing a versatile candidate for effective CO 2 capture.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Chun"},{"family":"Mao","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yaxin"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yanhong"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ruifang"},{"family":"Yi","given":"Zhiwei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Dechao"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Guangya"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132054","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132054","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4407673613","type":"article-journal","title":"Review on in-situ CO2 mineralization sequestration: mechanistic understanding and research frontiers","abstract":"Abstract The substantial emissions of greenhouse gases, particularly CO 2 , constitute a primary driver of global warming. CCUS is proposed as an effective mitigation strategy which is often estimated to account for about 15% of cumulative carbon emission reduction. In-situ CO 2 mineralization sequestration, compared to conventional geological storage methods such as depleted oil and gas reservoirs, unmineable coal seams, and deep saline aquifers, offers the advantage of permanent immobilization of injected carbon. However, uncertainties persist regarding the characteristics of geochemical interactions under reservoir pore conditions, as well as the kinetic mechanisms of mineralization reactions. Additionally, geochemical reactions may lead to solid particle transport and deposition, potentially causing pore throat occlusion. Pilot projects in Iceland and the United States have demonstrated the feasibility of this technology, but the field remains in the early deployment stage. In this review, the mechanisms of in-situ mineralization have been elucidated, the primary factors influencing the reaction kinetics have been discussed, and the current research status in this field has been summarized. It is emphasized that establishing a reliable system for evaluating storage capacity and understanding the kinetic mechanisms governing CO 2 conversion into minerals at multi-phase interfaces are key priorities for future work.","author":[{"family":"Ye","given":"Hang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Bao","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhanpeng"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Yanjun"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Michelle"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Wentao"},{"family":"Xian","given":"Chenggang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40789-025-00755-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40789-025-00755-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128380966","type":"article-journal","title":"Potential of Physical Activated Carbon Derived from Pyrolyzed Waste Coffee Grounds as an Adsorbent for Dye Removal","abstract":"Abstract This study investigates the adsorption performance of activated carbon prepared from spent coffee grounds (SCG) through pyrolysis and subsequent CO₂-assisted physical activation for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. SCG was pyrolyzed at 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C, and the resulting biochars were activated at 900 °C under CO₂ flow. The obtained materials were characterized using FTIR, SEM, BET, and elemental analyses to evaluate structural, morphological, and chemical properties. Among the samples, the activated carbon derived from 600 °C pyrolysis exhibited the highest surface area (44.59 m 2 /g) and was selected for detailed adsorption studies. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of pH (4–9), adsorbent dosage (2.5–15 g/L), initial dye concentration (15–50 mg/L), temperature (10–40 °C), and contact time (0–120 min) on MB removal efficiency. The maximum removal efficiency (99.15%) was obtained at 15 g/L and 45 min, while comparable performance (> 98.9%) was achieved even at lower dosages, indicating high adsorption capacity and economic feasibility. Kinetic analysis revealed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model (R 2 > 0.94). The Freundlich isotherm (R 2 = 0.9924) provided the best fit, indicating multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces. These findings demonstrate that SCG-derived activated carbon is an effective, sustainable, and low-cost adsorbent with strong potential for dye removal and wastewater purification. The study also highlights the environmental value of coffee waste valorization within a circular economy framework, contributing to resource recovery and sustainable material development.","author":[{"family":"Ciner","given":"Miraç"},{"family":"Özbaş","given":"Emine"},{"family":"Ozcan","given":"Huseyin"},{"family":"Öngen","given":"Atakan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s11270-026-09235-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-026-09235-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416612459","type":"article-journal","title":"Rational Design of Nano and Atomically Dispersed Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis from Nitrate","abstract":"Ammonia is a vital industrial feedstock and a carbon-free hydrogen carrier, yet the conventional Haber–Bosch process requires extreme temperatures and pressures and produces substantial CO2 emissions, rendering its large-scale operation energy-intensive and environmentally unsustainable. Electrochemical nitrate reduction (NO3RR) has emerged as a promising alternative, benefiting from the relatively low N=O bond dissociation energy and the high solubility of nitrate ions in aqueous media. This approach not only enables ammonia production under ambient conditions but also provides a sustainable pathway for nitrate wastewater remediation, thereby addressing two pressing global challenges simultaneously. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of recent advances in NO3RR catalyst development, with particular emphasis on two major classes: nanocrystalline catalysts and atomically dispersed catalysts. Nanocrystalline systems leverage tunable parameters such as crystal facet exposure, lattice strain, defect density, and heteroatom doping to regulate adsorption energies, enhance intermediate activation, and reconcile competing reaction pathways. Atomically dispersed catalysts—including single-atom, dual-atom, and sub-nanometer cluster architectures—achieve nearly complete atomic utilization while offering precisely defined active sites that serve as model platforms for probing structure–activity relationships. Together, these two categories represent complementary strategies: nanocrystals emphasize mesoscale control of morphology and electronic structure, whereas atomic-level catalysts advance the frontier of precision design and mechanistic understanding. We highlight the critical role of in situ and operando characterization in capturing dynamic transformations. Finally, this review discusses the challenges and opportunities that remain for translating these fundamental advances into scalable, efficient, and sustainable electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis.","author":[{"family":"Sun","given":"Zhiyi"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ziteng"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Zihao"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhuo"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Zhan","given":"Ziheng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xuecong"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Aoxue"},{"family":"Li","given":"Shenghua"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Wenxing"},{"family":"Pang","given":"Siping"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.53941/echem.2025.100002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.53941/echem.2025.100002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160856700","type":"article-journal","title":"Combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the (benzoimidazol-2-yl)-methanone ligand and its Ru(III) complex: structural elucidation, stability determination, corrosion inhibition, energy storage and bioactivity applications","abstract":"Bis-(6-nitro-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-methanone (NBM) ligand and its NBM-Ru complex act as corrosion inhibitors were synthesized and characterized utilizing various analytical, spectroscopic and physicochemical tools. Correlation between experimental data afford that NBM ligand acts as tri-dentate NNO ligand to give octahedral geometry of NBM-Ru complex. DFT calculations were applied to confirm the structure and reactivity of the investigated compounds as corrosion inhibitors. The NBM ligand and its ruthenium-bound derivative served as eco-conscious corrosion inhibitors, strategically slowing copper degradation through sustainable chemistry principles. For the corrosion testing phase, concentrated sulfuric acid solution (1 M) served as the primary aggressive environment. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel polarization techniques were employed to examine the corrosion resistance characteristics and suppression efficiency of NBM and its ruthenium-containing derivative within the acidic electrolyte under investigation. Our investigation explored how copper corrosion unfolds within acidic environments, specifically examining how the presence or absence of additives alters this chemical degradation process. “The experimental results reveal a compelling inverse relationship: as additive concentration increases, corrosion inhibition strengthens while the corrosive current density (Icorr) measurably diminishes. It is noted that inhibition efficiency increased and reached 97% and 98.9% in occupying of 1 × 10 − 4 and 1 × 10 − 6 M of NBM and NBM-Ru additives, respectively. Charge discharge behavior of Cu is also studied in some detail in the absence and presence of additives. Moreover, the investigated compounds were screened for their biological activity against selected strains of bacteria and fungi and found to be more potent against M. Luteus bacteria and C. albicans fungi. Furthermore, Molecular docking was employed to evaluate the binding interactions of the free NBM ligand and its metal complex with the target biomolecule, providing insights into their potential biological activity and comparative affinity.","author":[{"family":"Shilkamy","given":"Hoda"},{"family":"Feizi-Dehnayebi","given":"Mehran"},{"family":"Akkoç","given":"Senem"},{"family":"Alahmadi","given":"Sana"},{"family":"Khashoqji","given":"Moayad"},{"family":"Al-Youbi","given":"Abeer"},{"family":"Al-Farraj","given":"Eida"},{"family":"Abudief","given":"Ahmed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s13065-026-01824-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-026-01824-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7143482996","type":"article-journal","title":"Design and Performance Evaluation of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System Integrating Wind, Diesel Generators, and Battery Storage for Remote Communities","abstract":"Climate change poses an urgent challenge to Canada’s sustainable development. The country experiences increasing extreme weather events, rising temperatures, and pressures on energy systems—particularly in remote northern regions. In Newfoundland and Labrador, isolated communities are vulnerable because reliance on diesel-based electricity increases greenhouse gas emissions, energy costs, and environmental risks, highlighting the need for resilient energy solutions. This study uses a systematic methodology combining literature review, local energy demand data, and site-specific wind resources to design and optimize hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs) for Makkovik. It employs HOMER Pro and the Monte Carlo method to evaluate uncertainties in cost, fuel consumption, and renewable fraction. The objectives are to quantify how renewable integration can reduce emissions, improve energy reliability, and support sustainable development in remote communities. The novelty lies in combining location-specific modeling with probabilistic Monte Carlo analysis and providing robust, system-level insights into environmental and economic outcomes while guiding climate-resilient energy planning. The proposed HRES significantly mitigates climate change impacts, reducing annual CO2 emissions from 72,500 kg/year to 15,190 kg/year. Monte Carlo analysis indicates economic feasibility with a net present cost of $14.5 million, a levelized cost of electricity of 0.256 $/kWh, and diesel consumption reduced from 29,970 L/year to 5854 L/year. Wind energy provides 99.6% of total annual electricity, ensuring a high renewable fraction and reliable power, enhancing energy resilience and adaptation potential. This study demonstrates that a well-designed hybrid renewable energy system can deliver measurable emission reductions, economic feasibility, and enhanced energy resilience. It supports sustainable development and climate change mitigation in remote Canadian communities.","author":[{"family":"Salari","given":"Samira"},{"family":"Etminan","given":"Amin"},{"family":"Jamil","given":"Mohsin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19071676","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19071676","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118372416","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon emissions flow and inequality embodied in cross-regional computility transfer in China","abstract":"The substantial energy consumption and associated high emissions from data centers have been a critical issue hindering sustainable development. China’s East Data West Computing (EDWC) Project represents a cross-regional strategy for computility transfer to address it. In this study, we calculated the embodied carbon emissions under the EDWC Project from 2020 to 2060. It is projected that by 2060, carbon emissions from data centers would be reduced by up to 77.6% through the cross-regional computility transfer. Yet the computility transfer is projected to intensify carbon emissions flow from east to west, reaching 41.45 million tons (MT) and 19.01 MT in 2030 and 2060, respectively. We found that by 2060, the power usage effectiveness (PUE) and the renewable energy utilization could reduce carbon emissions of data centers by up to 80.0% and 82.0%, respectively. Curtailing the transfer of clean energy from west to east could cut carbon emissions flow by 20% by 2060. Our research results confirm the emissions reduction potential of cross-regional computility transfer and the inequality of regional carbon emissions flow, offer a guide for the study of sustainable development of data centers, and provide a reference for a more balanced emissions reduction strategy.","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Kaile"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Ziwei"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Xinhui"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Rong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1057/s41599-025-06431-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-06431-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7156885628","type":"article-journal","title":"Design, Synthesis and Thermal Energy Storage Properties of Polyurethane-Based Solid–Solid Phase Change Materials Using Trihydroxy Compounds as Chain Extenders","abstract":"Three crosslinked polyurethane copolymers were successfully synthesized as polymeric solid–solid phase change materials (SSPCMs) for thermal energy storage. These materials were fabricated utilizing trihydroxy compounds (glycerol, triethanolamine, and trimethylolethane) as chain extenders and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the phase change functional segment. A comprehensive suite of characterization techniques was employed to investigate the chemical structures, thermal properties, and crystalline behaviors of the resulting SSPCMs. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the successful synthesis of the crosslinked polyurethane network. Polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analyses revealed that all three SSPCMs exhibit regular spherulitic morphologies with sharp diffraction peaks resembling those of pure PEG, although variations in spherulite size and diffraction intensity were observed among the samples. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated the reversible latent heat storage and release capabilities of the synthesized SSPCMs, with a maximum endothermic enthalpy (ΔHendo) of 115.7 J/g. Furthermore, thermal cycling tests and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis verified their exhibit excellent reusability, thermal reliability, and high thermal stability.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ting"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Y"},{"family":"Li","given":"Lan"},{"family":"Lan","given":"Xiaobing"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Changzhong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/molecules31091426","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31091426","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128952598","type":"article-journal","title":"Green Hydrogen for Maritime Decarbonization","abstract":"ABSTRACT In pursuit of global carbon neutrality, maritime shipping with high CO 2 emissions confronts an urgent imperative deep decarbonization. Green hydrogen is a zero‐carbon fuel produced through water electrolysis by renewable energy sources, which is emerging as a promising solution for maritime decarbonization owing to its high energy density and versatile application potential. Here, it provides a systematic overview of the technological feasibility of green hydrogen for maritime shipping, encompassing its current application status and key challenges. It analyzes recent advances in green hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and infrastructure development, while exploring the enabling roles of policy support, technological innovation, and international collaboration. Despite facing substantial barriers in cost, technology, and infrastructure, green hydrogen boasts enormous decarbonization potential and occupies an indispensable strategic position in the global carbon neutrality agenda.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Chunjing"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Wenwen"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jingqiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cnl2.70128","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnl2.70128","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7151258110","type":"article-journal","title":"Towards Right Answer for the Right Reasons in Global Land Carbon Sink Estimates","abstract":"ABSTRACT Quantifying the global land carbon sink is essential for understanding carbon‐climate feedbacks and developing effective mitigation strategies. Despite decades of research using eddy covariance, remote sensing, and atmospheric observations, carbon sink estimates remain highly uncertain across different approaches. The key challenge is to obtain the right global land carbon sink estimates for the right reasons. In this review, we first provide an overview of current methodologies for estimating terrestrial carbon sinks, including FLUXNET observations, top‐down atmospheric inversions, and bottom‐up approaches. We then leverage insights learned from FLUXNET to evaluate the observed range of annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP)–ecosystem respiration (R eco ), and GPP–evapotranspiration (ET) relationships, and assess whether current models capture these observational constraints. Because FLUXNET is widely used as a benchmark for evaluation and as training data for model calibration, we also identify opportunities to strengthen the utility of FLUXNET for global land carbon sink inference.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Helin"},{"family":"Ryu","given":"YI"},{"family":"Jeong","given":"Sungchan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1111/gcb.70840","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70840","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7169828558","type":"article-journal","title":"Techno-Economics of Grid-Tied Battery Energy Storage System Through Repowering of Utility-Scale Solar PV Projects in India","abstract":"India’s rapid expansion of utility-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity is increasingly constrained by aging assets and the temporal mismatch between generation and peak demand. This study develops a techno-economic framework integrating battery energy storage systems (BESSs) with repowered solar PV projects, using repowered electricity as a low-cost charging source. A capacity-based assessment estimates national repowering potential of 7.2 GWp under power purchase agreement constraints and 10.9 GWp under technical limits. The levelized cost of repowered electricity is ₹1.40/kWh, significantly lower than prevailing utility-scale solar tariffs under stated assumptions. Levelized storage costs range from ₹5.08 to ₹4.12/kWh for 2–6 h durations, declining with improved inverter and balance-of-system utilization. Financial analysis under a ₹10 per kWh peak tariff arbitrage scenario yields internal rates of return between 17.5% and 24.2%, with positive project viability across configurations. Sensitivity analysis identifies capital cost as the dominant economic driver. Environmental benefits include annual greenhouse gas reductions of 13.8–17.2 MtCO2, accumulating to 411–514 MtCO2 over the project lifetime. These findings demonstrate that repowering-integrated battery storage offers a cost-effective, scalable pathway to enhance renewable integration, displace fossil fuel peak generation, and support India’s low-carbon transition, highlighting a viable framework for improving system flexibility and overall system performance.","author":[{"family":"Sharma","given":"Ashish"},{"family":"Purohit","given":"Ishan"},{"family":"Motiwala","given":"Saurabh"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Sudarshan"},{"family":"Purohit","given":"Pallav"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18147455","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18147455","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412384327","type":"article-journal","title":"New Prospects in Built‐In Electric Fields for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption: from Fundamentals to Interdisciplinary Applications","abstract":"Abstract Construction of built‐in electric fields (BIEFs) in nanohybrids has been corroborated as a robust strategy for modulating the electromagnetic response by manipulating the charge redistribution and built‐in electrostatic potential gradients, thereby enhancing the dielectric polarization attenuation. Nevertheless, substantial challenges persist in the comprehensively elucidation and reinforcement of BIEFs from both micro and macro perspectives. Herein, this review systematically elucidates the role of BIEFs in electromagnetic waves (EWs) protection. First, the fundamental principles of BIEFs are systematically outlined, including key concepts, response mechanisms, and characterization techniques. Then, the main optimization strategies‐particularly morphology regulation and defect engineering‐are critically examined to enhance BIEFs effect. The EWs absorption capabilities of representative BIEF‐based absorbers are further dissected, categorized by semiconductor–semiconductor junctions, metal–semiconductor heterostructures, and van der Waals interfaces. Subsequently, a concise summary highlights the effective strategies to optimize the overall performances of BIEFs type absorber. Furthermore, interdisciplinary perspectives are introduced by focusing on the integration of BIEFs with energy conversion, EWs responsive photocatalysts and smart detectors/sensors. Finally, current challenges and future development directions of BIEF engineering are rationally discussed, offering valuable insights for the design of high‐efficiency smart EWs absorbers.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Shijie"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Jiajun"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Zhiwei"},{"family":"Du","given":"Suxuan"},{"family":"Lan","given":"Di"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Zhenguo"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Guanglei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202513762","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202513762","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125107028","type":"article-journal","title":"Adaptability Analysis of CO 2 Storage in Depleted Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs","abstract":"ABSTRACT The Sulige Gas Field, currently in the late‐stage depletion phase, exhibits substantial potential for CO 2 storage. An integrated evaluation methodology was developed, incorporating CO 2 caprock pressure breakthrough tests, CO 2 –water–rock interaction experiments, and CO 2 storage simulation experiments to assess the suitability of depleted tight sandstone reservoirs for CO 2 sequestration. Key findings include: (1) The minimum caprock breakthrough pressure was determined to be 30 MPa, confirming sufficient sealing capacity; however, horizontal breakthrough risks were found to exceed vertical ones. (2) Dissolution of minerals (calcite, chlorite, and illite) was observed, whereas the caprock pressure‐bearing limit remained unchanged at 30 MPa; minor increases in reservoir porosity and permeability were also detected. (3) A negative correlation between water saturation and storage efficiency was quantified, indicating that intermittent injection could mitigate pressure buildup and enhance storage capacity. A novel methodology for CO 2 storage capacity estimation has been developed in this study. Application of this approach to the He 8 Member and Majiagou Formation reservoirs in the Sudong Block yields a total estimated CO 2 storage potential of approximately 123.9 million tones. This study confirms that sandstone caprocks can effectively confine CO 2 , highlighting the high suitability of depleted tight gas reservoirs for large‐scale CO 2 sequestration.","author":[{"family":"Hou","given":"Junpu"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Cheng"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Lili"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hong"},{"family":"Mei","given":"Anxin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Liang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Qingping"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Yulong"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Liehui"},{"family":"Wen","given":"Shaomu"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Yong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/gj.70180","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.70180","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413019607","type":"article-journal","title":"Computational Chemistry Insights into Pollutant Behavior During Coal Gangue Utilization","abstract":"Coal serves as the primary energy source for China, with production anticipated to reach 4.76 billion tons in 2024. However, the mining process generates a significant amount of gangue, with approximately 800 million tons produced in 2023 alone. Currently, China faces substantial gangue stockpiles, characterized by a low comprehensive utilization rate that fails to meet the country’s ecological and environmental protection requirements. The environmental challenges posed by the treatment and disposal of gangue are becoming increasingly severe. This review employs bibliometric analysis and theoretical perspectives to examine the latest advancements in gangue utilization, specifically focusing on the application of computational chemistry to elucidate the structural features and interaction mechanisms of coal gangue, and to collate how these insights have been leveraged in the literature to inform its potential utilization routes. The aim is to promote the effective resource utilization of this material, and key topics discussed include evaluating the risks of spontaneous combustion associated with gangue, understanding the mechanisms governing heavy metal migration, and modifying coal byproducts to enhance both economic viability and environmental sustainability. The case studies presented in this article offer valuable insights into the gangue conversion process, contributing to the development of more efficient and eco-friendly methods. By proposing a theoretical framework, this review will support ongoing initiatives aimed at the sustainable management and utilization of coal gangue, emphasizing the critical need for continued research and development in this vital area. This review uniquely combines bibliometric analysis with computational chemistry to identify new trends and gaps in coal waste utilization, providing a roadmap for future research.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Xinyue"},{"family":"Niu","given":"Xuan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xinge"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Xuelu"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Kai"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17157135","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17157135","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413307459","type":"article-journal","title":"Point-of-care biosensors for infectious disease diagnosis: recent updates and prospects","abstract":"The ongoing demand for rapid, accurate, accessible diagnostics has significantly increased point-of-care (POC) biosensors. This review provides an overview of diverse biosensors, focusing on their principles, components, detection mechanisms, and applications in infectious disease diagnosis. We explore how these biosensors utilize various transduction techniques-such as current modulation, refractive index shifts, and mechanical resonance to convert biorecognition events into measurable signals. The importance of biosensors in detecting infectious diseases such as COVID-19, HIV, Tuberculosis, and Malaria is highlighted, particularly for early detection in resource-limited settings. However, persistent challenges remain in achieving integrated, miniaturized platforms capable of real-time, multianalyte detection. Additionally, the full potential of biosensors is yet to be realized owing to limited clinical translation, scalability issues, and insufficient integration with digital health technologies. This review identifies these critical areas for future innovation and discusses strategies to increase diagnostic accuracy, accessibility, and global health impact.","author":[{"family":"Parihar","given":"Mansi"},{"family":"Niharika","given":"WN"},{"family":"Sahana","given":"Sahana"},{"family":"Biswas","given":"Rajib"},{"family":"Dehury","given":"Budheswar"},{"family":"Mazumder","given":"Nirmal"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5ra03897a","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra03897a","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406125429","type":"article-journal","title":"Lab-on-the-Needles: A Microneedle Patch-Based Mobile Unit for Highly Sensitive Ex Vivo and In Vivo Detection of Protein Biomarkers","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Detection of biomarkers associated with physiological conditions provides critical insights into healthcare and disease management. However, challenges in sampling and analysis complicate the detection and quantification of protein biomarkers within the epidermal layer of the skin and in viscous liquid biopsy samples. Here, we present the “Lab-on-the-Needles” concept, utilizing a microneedle patch-based sensing box (MNP-based SenBox) for mobile healthcare applications. This system facilitates the rapid capture of protein biomarkers directly from the in situ epidermal layer of skin or liquid biopsies, followed by on-needle analysis for immediate assessment. The integration of horseradish peroxidase-incorporated zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (HRP@ZIF-8) as a sensitive and stable signal probe, the detection limit for anti-SARS-CoV-2 NP IgA antibodies and various SARS-CoV-2 S1P mutant strains improves by at least 1,000-fold compared to FDA-approved commercial saliva lateral flow immune rapid tests. Additionally, the MNP-based SenBox demonstrated minimally invasive monitoring and rapid quantification of inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α and IL-1β) in rats within 30 min using a portable ColorReader. This study highlights the potential of the MNP-based SenBox for the minimally invasive collection and analysis of protein biomarkers directly from in situ epidermal layers of skin or liquid biopsies that might facilitate mobile healthcare diagnostics and longitudinal monitoring.","author":[{"family":"Hsu","given":"Ying‐pei"},{"family":"Li","given":"Nan‐si"},{"family":"Pang","given":"Hao‐han"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Yu‐chi"},{"family":"Tsai","given":"Hung‐pei"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Hsiao‐chien"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Ying‐tzu"},{"family":"Weng","given":"Chen"},{"family":"Kuo","given":"Shiao‐wei"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Hung‐wei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsnano.4c11238","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c11238","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7161847991","type":"article-journal","title":"Preparation and Performance Analysis of a New Methanol-Mixed Gel Fuel Applied in Chemical Energy Storage","abstract":"The development of green and low-carbon new energy is one of the effective ways to deal with environmental pollution and climate change. Methanol, as an electrocatalytic product, is an excellent energy source and fuel. However, liquid methanol poses issues such as volatility, flammability, and explosiveness during use and long-term storage. This study presented a new methanol-sodium stearate-water-mixed gel. The performance of this mixed gel as a methanol energy storage carrier was evaluated. The results indicated that the gel points of the mixed gel increased with the increased contents of water and gelling agent. The maximum gel point reach approximately 35 °C, which is beneficial for reducing the requirements for the storage temperature. However, an excessive content of the gelling agent would lead to a decrease in the calorific value. The calorific value of the mixed gel containing 10% water is comparable to that of the mixed gel containing 5% gelling agent. Therefore, the scheme of adding water to increase the gel point has a better effect. Additionally, as the content of the gelling agent increased, the three-dimensional network structure formed by the interwoven fibers within the mixed gel became more compact. Meanwhile, the precipitation phenomenon of the gelling agent occurred during the gelation process, resulting in the lower structure of the mixed gel being denser than the upper structure. Therefore, in the large-scale production process of the mixed gel, the gel preparation container should be selected to be flat in shape to improve the uniformity.","author":[{"family":"Jin","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Ao"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yangyang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yujia"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Songfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c12308","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c12308","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165411342","type":"article-journal","title":"The Role of Energy Storage in Climate Change Mitigation: Engineering Solutions for Enhancing Renewable Energy Integration","abstract":"Background. Climate change mitigation remains a pressing global challenge, with renewable energy adoption emerging as a critical strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, the intermittent nature of renewable sources such as solar and wind limits their effectiveness and reliability in energy supply. Energy storage systems have the potential to address these challenges by stabilizing power output, enhancing grid resilience, and enabling more extensive integration of renewable resources. Purpose. This study aims to investigate the role of engineering solutions in energy storage for supporting renewable energy integration and advancing climate change mitigation goals. Method. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining literature review, technical performance analysis, and comparative case studies of energy storage technologies including batteries, pumped hydro, and thermal storage systems. Data were collected on system efficiency, storage capacity, scalability, and deployment outcomes in diverse energy networks. Results. Results indicate that energy storage significantly improves renewable energy utilization, reduces curtailment, and contributes to grid stability. Advanced battery technologies and hybrid storage systems demonstrated the highest potential for large-scale integration, while engineering optimization enhanced system efficiency and reliability. Conclusion. The study concludes that integrating energy storage solutions is essential for effective climate change mitigation, providing both technical and strategic pathways to accelerate renewable energy adoption and enhance sustainable energy infrastructure.","author":[{"family":"Buang","given":"Nursahar"},{"family":"Hussain","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Harizahayu","given":"Harizahayu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.70177/ijmsa.v3i2.3577","URL":"https://doi.org/10.70177/ijmsa.v3i2.3577","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155002379","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Emissions Modeling of Coal and Natural Gas Use in Poland’s Net-Zero Energy Transition","abstract":"This study develops econometric models to examine greenhouse gas emissions associated with coal and natural gas consumption in Poland between 2015 and 2023. Poland has one of the most carbon-intensive energy systems in Europe. Three complementary log–log econometric models were estimated: a model explaining total CO2 emissions, a model assessing emission intensity (CO2 per unit of GDP), and a model capturing short-term variations in emission intensity. The results demonstrate that coal consumption remains the dominant determinant of absolute emissions, whereas the expansion of renewable energy significantly contributes to lowering the carbon intensity of economic growth. However, short-term fluctuations in emission intensity are still largely influenced by changes in fossil fuel consumption patterns. The findings highlight the gradual and sequential character of Poland’s energy transition, where gains in environmental efficiency precede a consistent reduction in total emissions. The proposed modeling framework offers an empirical basis for evaluating the effectiveness of climate and energy policies and can support the formulation of decarbonization strategies in economies heavily reliant on fossil fuels.","author":[{"family":"Gajdzik","given":"Bożena"},{"family":"Wolniak","given":"Radosław"},{"family":"Bałaga","given":"D"},{"family":"Grebski","given":"Wieslaw"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/resources15040058","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/resources15040058","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7144282261","type":"article-journal","title":"The impact of coupling digital industrialization and industrial digitization on green and low carbon development: evidence from China","abstract":"The coupling of digital industrialization and industrial digitization is crucial for advancing China's green, low-carbon development and achieving its “dual-carbon” goals. This study applies a coupling coordination model and analyzes provincial panel data from 2012 to 2021 to evaluate their effects on the green, low-carbon transition. The results show that: (1) digital coupling can significantly reduce carbon emissions intensity and promote green, low-carbon development, as evidenced by robust tests, including instrumental variables; (2) mediation analysis reveals that digital coupling enhances green, low-carbon development by improving energy efficiency and promoting technological innovation; (3) spatial spillover analysis demonstrates that coordinated digital coupling reduces emissions both within regions and in neighboring areas; and (4) heterogeneity analysis highlights the significant effects of digital coupling in central China, with industrial digitization exerting a particularly strong influence. These findings highlight the synergy between digital industrialization and industrial digitization, offering a novel perspective for understanding the green, low-carbon transition.","author":[{"family":"He","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Nie","given":"Longhua"},{"family":"Jin","given":"Ruijie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/frevc.2026.1763905","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frevc.2026.1763905","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118934640","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparative Simulation and Optimization of “Continuous Membrane Column” Cascades for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture","abstract":"This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of a modified membrane cascade operating in “Continuous Membrane Column” mode for selective CO2 capture in combined heat power plants. For the first time, a novel membrane cascade configuration for separating four-component wet flue gases is analyzed and compared with existing technologies in terms of the capital and operating costs required to capture one ton of CO2. The proposed membrane cascade generates two countercurrent recirculating streams: one continuously depleted of the permeate component and the other enriched in it. Because the internal recirculation streams significantly exceed the bypass product streams, the system demonstrates a multiplicative increase in separation efficiency. As a result, the required membrane area and compression energy can be significantly reduced. The analysis demonstrates that the proposed cascade configuration meets all current performance requirements for CO2 recovery and the target composition of the product and residual streams. Furthermore, due to its balanced material and energy cost ratio, the system can serve as a competitive alternative to previously developed membrane CO2 capture technologies, offering lower overall capture losses.","author":[{"family":"Smorodin","given":"Kirill"},{"family":"Atlaskin","given":"Artem"},{"family":"Kryuchkov","given":"Sergey"},{"family":"Atlaskina","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Tsivkovsky","given":"Nikita"},{"family":"Sysoev","given":"Alexander"},{"family":"Zhmakin","given":"VV"},{"family":"Petukhov","given":"Anton"},{"family":"Suvorov","given":"Sergey"},{"family":"Vorotyntsev","given":"Andrey"},{"family":"Воротынцев","given":"ИВ"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19020303","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19020303","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7135412182","type":"article-journal","title":"Modeling fidelity upon competitive adsorption for underground hydrogen storage in depleted shale reservoirs: A minireview","abstract":"Underground hydrogen storage in depleted shale gas reservoirs has emerged as a promising option for large-scale energy storage, with feasibility assessments relying on compositional simulations. The fidelity of such simulations hinges on accurate representation of key physicochemical processes, particularly gas adsorption, which governs phase partitioning in shale formations. However, adsorption is often treated deterministically in large-scale simulations, while optimization efforts emphasize operational and geological parameters. This minireview summarizes prevailing compositional simulation workflows and key performance metrics for shale and further synthesizes recent advances and gaps in H₂/ CH₄​ competitive adsorption, highlighting the scarcity and experimental difficulty of multicomponent adsorption data. The propagation of adsorption-related uncertainty to large-scale predictions is further discussed. An illustrative scenario demonstrates that different multicomponent adsorption models can significantly alter the predicted fraction of adsorbed H₂ and the recovery factor. The magnitude of these variations can be comparable to or even exceed improvements achieved through typical operational optimizations. Such discrepancies indicate that adsorption representation is not a non-significant modeling input but a central factor influencing evaluation outcomes. These findings underscore the need to explicitly account for competitive adsorption in assessing underground hydrogen storage in shales. Furthermore, adsorption uncertainty should be systematically quantified and integrated into modeling workflows to secure the high-fidelity of compositional modeling underground hydrogen storage in shales. Document Type: Current minireview Cited as: Lou, Y., Wang, L., Shafiq, M. U., Wang, H., Magsar, O., Meng, X. Modeling fidelity upon competitive adsorption for underground hydrogen storage in depleted shale reservoirs: A minireview. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2026, 19(3): 242-249. https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2026.03.04","author":[{"family":"Lou","given":"Yuyuan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Shafiq","given":"Mian"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Heng"},{"family":"Magsar","given":"Oyuntugs"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Xianghao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.46690/ager.2026.03.04","URL":"https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2026.03.04","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130818100","type":"article-journal","title":"Construction and Humidity Sensing Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Carbon Nanofibers","abstract":"ABSTRACT With rapid advances in nanotechnology and materials science, the development of high‐performance humidity sensors has become a research hotspot. In this work, the porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs) with controllable nanopore structure were prepared from polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) blended polymers by electrospinning technique and carbonization method. The low‐cost and easily available PCNFs were introduced into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) humidity‐sensitive system, and the PVA/PCNFs composite nanofibrous humidity‐sensitive layer was fabricated on the surface of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors. The PVA/PCNFs composite nanofiber‐modified QCM moisture‐sensitive element had good moisture‐sensitive response characteristics with a maximum frequency response of −3114 Hz (11%–98% RH), a fitted correlation coefficient of R 2 = 0.9981, and response/recovery times of 36 s/< 1 s and 60 s/< 1 s under low and high humidity conditions, respectively. In addition, the QCM sensor based on PVA/PCNFs nanofibers showed good reproducibility and long‐term stability. Compared with other moisture‐sensitive elements, the PVA/PCNFs moisture‐sensitive element has the characteristics of fast response and easy fabrication, which provides a solution for the preparation of low‐cost, high‐performance and environmentally friendly moisture‐sensitive elements.","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Dongzi"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Haicun"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"J"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Dun"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Wenzhong"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Chunlin"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Yanping"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Fangli"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Zheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/app.70588","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.70588","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163364352","type":"article-journal","title":"Coupling renewable energy and storage technologies with hydrogen-based steel production: A design and scheduling optimization approach","abstract":"The decarbonization of energy-intensive industries is essential to achieve global greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. Steel production, responsible for approximately 7% of global CO 2 emissions, requires innovative low-carbon alternatives. One promising option is the use of renewable electricity and green hydrogen in the Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) process. In this study, an integrated energy system to supply renewable electricity and hydrogen to a DRI-based steel plant is analyzed. The proposed network combines two renewable power generation technologies (solar photovoltaic and onshore wind) with three complementary storage solutions (batteries, compressed hydrogen, and Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHCs)). A mathematical optimization framework is developed to determine both the optimal sizing and operational strategy of the system. The methodology is applied to the provinces of mainland Spain as a case study. Results highlight the critical role of integrating multiple generation and storage technologies to ensure a continuous supply of electricity and hydrogen. They also reveal a strong dependence on geographical location for design and technology selection, driven by variations in renewable resource availability. The energy cost per ton of steel is estimated at 500–600 €/t. It exceeds five fold current costs but is expected to decline significantly with future technology improvements. Hence, these integrated renewable systems are regarded to be a technically feasible and economically competitive option in the future. Overall, it represents a key enabler for the deep decarbonization of the steel sector.","author":[{"family":"Prieto","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Sánchez","given":"Antonio"},{"family":"Martín","given":"Montserrat"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148588","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148588","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415824492","type":"article-journal","title":"Underground Gas Storage as Benchmark for Seismic Attenuation Tomography in a Tectonically Complex Region (North‐Eastern Italy)","abstract":"Abstract We present a multiscale seismic attenuation tomography of a seismotectonically complex region in northern Italy hosting the well‐characterized Collalto Underground Gas Storage (UGS). Beyond its specific relevance, this site provides a natural laboratory for assessing the ability of attenuation imaging to distinguish fluid‐rich zones from highly strained, failure‐prone volumes. We integrated scattering and absorption tomography models: scattering anomalies, between the two principal thrusts, highlight localized strain near fault tips; absorption tomography images the shallow UGS and reveals a deeper fluid‐saturated volume. Seismicity concentrated around this deeper anomaly, exhibiting a pulsatory temporal pattern, suggests a fluid‐driven role in the deformation processes. These findings show that attenuation tomography, combined with multiscale and complementary geophysical models, can resolve critical subsurface features related to fluids and strain. The approach is broadly applicable to geothermal and volcanic contexts and supports seismic hazard assessment in tectonically active regions where natural and anthropogenic processes may interact.","author":[{"family":"Talone","given":"Donato"},{"family":"Romano","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Siena","given":"Luca"},{"family":"Guidarelli","given":"M"},{"family":"Santulin","given":"Marco"},{"family":"Peruzza","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Lavecchia","given":"Giusy"},{"family":"Nardis","given":"Rita"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2025gl117956","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl117956","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410195245","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable and cost-efficient hydrogen production using platinum clusters at minimal loading","abstract":"Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis stands as a promising technology for sustainable hydrogen production, although its viability hinges on minimizing platinum (Pt) usage without sacrificing catalytic efficiency. Central to this challenge is enhancing the intrinsic activity of Pt while ensuring the stability of the catalyst. We herein present a Mo2TiC2 MXene-supported Pt nanocluster catalyst (Mo2TiC2-PtNC) that requires a minimal Pt content (36 μg cm−2) to function, yet remains highly active and stable. Operando spectroscopy and theoretical simulation provide evidence for anomalous charge transfer from the MXene substrate to PtNC, thus generating highly efficient electron-rich Pt sites for robust hydrogen evolution. When incorporated into a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, the catalyst affords more than 8700 h at 200 mA cm−2 under ambient temperature with a decay rate of just 2.2 μV h−1. All the performance metrics of the present Mo2TiC2-PtNC catalysts are on par with or even surpass those of current hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts under identical operation conditions, thereby challenging the monopoly of high-loading Pt/C-20% in the current electrolyzer design. Reducing platinum use is vital for sustainable hydrogen production via proton exchange membrane water electrolysis. Here, the authors report a Mo₂TiC₂ MXene-supported platinum nanocluster catalyst that requires minimal platinum content and operates efficiently for over 8700 h.","author":[{"family":"Zeng","given":"Hongliang"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zheng"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Qiu"},{"family":"Zhong","given":"Qingtian"},{"family":"Ji","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yizhen"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jiawei"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Chunxiao"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Runhao"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Jialin"},{"family":"Xiong","given":"Xiaoxia"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhongyue"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhaoyang"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Yizhou"},{"family":"Li","given":"Chengbo"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yinfang"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Donghao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xu"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Tingting"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Chuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-59450-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59450-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412456603","type":"article-journal","title":"Restructuring the Coupling Coordination Mechanism of the Economy–Energy–Environment (3E) System Under the Dual Carbon Emissions Control Policy—An Exploration Based on the “Triangular Trinity” Theoretical Framework","abstract":"Against the backdrop of the profound restructuring in global climate governance, China’s energy management system is undergoing a comprehensive transition from dual energy consumption control to dual carbon emissions control. This policy shift fundamentally alters the underlying logic of energy-focused regulation and inevitably impacts the economy–energy–environment (3E) system. This study innovatively constructs a “Triangular Trinity” theoretical framework integrating internal, intermediate, and external triangular couplings, as well as providing a granular analysis of their transmission relationships and feedback mechanisms. Using Guangdong Province as a case study, this study takes the dual control emissions policy within the external triangle as an entry point to research the restructuring logic of dual carbon emissions control for the coupling coordination mechanisms of the 3E system. The key findings are as follows: (1) Policy efficacy evolution: During 2005–2016, dual energy consumption control significantly improved energy conservation and emissions reduction, elevating Guangdong’s 3E coupling coordination. Post 2017, however, its singular focus on total energy consumption revealed limitations, causing a decline in 3E coordination. Dual carbon emissions control demonstrably enhances 3E systemic synergy. (2) Decoupling dynamics: Dual carbon emissions control accelerates economic–carbon emission decoupling, while slowing economic–energy consumption decoupling. This created an elasticity space of 5.092 million tons of standard coal equivalent (sce) and reduced carbon emissions by 26.43 million tons, enabling high-quality economic development. (3) Mechanism reconstruction: By leveraging external triangular elements (energy-saving technologies and market mechanisms) to act on the energy subsystem, dual carbon emissions control leads to optimal solutions to the “Energy Trilemma”. This drives the systematic restructuring of the sustainability triangle, achieving high-order 3E coupling coordination. The Triangular Trinity framework constructed by us in the paper is an innovative attempt in relation to the theory of energy transition, providing a referenceable methodology for resolving the contradictions of the 3E system. The research results can provide theoretical support and practical reference for the low-carbon energy transition of provinces and cities with similar energy structures.","author":[{"family":"Xu","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Wenxiu"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Xuwen"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Guotian"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Liping"},{"family":"Cen","given":"Haifeng"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Zihan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18143735","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143735","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415295350","type":"article-journal","title":"Synergistic Pathways and Potential Assessment for Pollution and Carbon Reduction in Typical Coastal Cities: A Case Study of Haishu District Ningbo","abstract":"Under the “dual carbon” strategy, achieving synergy between pollution reduction and carbon mitigation is crucial for the sustainable development of coastal cities. However, existing studies frequently emphasize single-carbon reduction measures whilst neglecting to acknowledge the cross-sectoral synergistic effects. This study takes the Haishu District of Ningbo in Zhejiang Province as a case study and quantitatively assesses the effectiveness of synergistic governance strategies across four key pathways: photovoltaic power generation, carbon sequestration by green land, new energy transportation, and waste incineration for power generation. The results demonstrate that multi-sectoral coordinated management significantly enhances overall emission reduction efficiency, with the photovoltaic and waste-to-energy pathways showing the highest carbon reduction potential. This study establishes a multi-pathway framework for evaluating the synergistic effects of pollution and carbon reduction. It also provides scientific support for decision-making regarding the transition to a low-carbon economy in coastal cities, and proposes a replicable evaluation methodology that can be used to implement dual carbon strategies in other coastal regions.","author":[{"family":"Sun","given":"Guojin"},{"family":"Shao","given":"Zhenhua"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Yichao"},{"family":"He","given":"Xuechen"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Keyu"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Hua"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Nan"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Xiaoyong"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Chunlei"},{"family":"He","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Yao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17209180","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17209180","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406411754","type":"article-journal","title":"Generative spatial artificial intelligence for sustainable smart cities: A pioneering large flow model for urban digital twin","abstract":"Rapid urbanization, alongside escalating resource depletion and ecological degradation, underscores the critical need for innovative urban development solutions. In response, sustainable smart cities are increasingly turning to cutting-edge technologies—such as Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), Foundation Models (FMs), and Urban Digital Twin (UDT) frameworks—to transform urban planning and design practices. These transformative tools provide advanced capabilities to analyze complex urban systems, optimize resource management, and enable evidence-based decision-making. Despite recent progress, research on integrating GenAI and FMs into UDT frameworks remains scant, leaving gaps in our ability to capture complex urban flows and multimodal dynamics essential to achieving environmental sustainability goals. Moreover, the lack of a robust theoretical foundation and real-world operationalization of these tools hampers comprehensive modeling and practical adoption. This study introduces a pioneering Large Flow Model (LFM), grounded in a robust foundational framework and designed with GenAI capabilities. It is specifically tailored for integration into UDT systems to enhance predictive analytics, adaptive learning, and complex data management functionalities. To validate its applicability and relevance, the Blue City Project in Lausanne City is examined as a case study, showcasing the ability of the LFM to effectively model and analyze urban flows—namely mobility, goods, energy, waste, materials, and biodiversity—critical to advancing environmental sustainability. This study highlights how the LFM addresses the spatial challenges inherent in current UDT frameworks. The LFM demonstrates its novelty in comprehensive urban modeling and analysis by completing impartial city data, estimating flow data in new locations, predicting the evolution of flow data, and offering a holistic understanding of urban dynamics and their interconnections. The model enhances decision-making processes, supports evidence-based planning and design, fosters integrated development strategies, and enables the development of more efficient, resilient, and sustainable urban environments. This research advances both the theoretical and practical dimensions of AI-driven, environmentally sustainable urban development by operationalizing GenAI and FMs within UDT frameworks. It provides sophisticated tools and valuable insights for urban planners, designers, policymakers, and researchers to address the complexities of modern cities and accelerate the transition towards sustainable urban futures. • The study introduces the Large Flow Model (LFM) specifically designed for integration into Urban Digital Twin (UDT) systems. • It integrates Generative AI and Foundation Models to advance sustainable smart city planning and design through UDT. • The LFM demonstrates the ability to analyze and model complex urban flows and multimodal dynamics. • It showcases its novelty by completing city data, estimating urban flows, predicting their evolution, and revealing urban dynamics. • The research contributes AI-driven solutions for creating efficient, resilient, and sustainable urban environments.","author":[{"family":"Huang","given":"Jeffrey"},{"family":"Bibri","given":"Simon"},{"family":"Keel","given":"Paul"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100526","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ese.2025.100526","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155506750","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrating Organic Hydrogen Carriers into Reservoir–Caprock Systems: A Promising Subsurface Hydrogen Storage Strategy","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Efficient and secure storage solutions are essential for the long-term viability of the hydrogen (H 2 ) industry. The reversible hydrogenation–dehydrogenation activity and liquid-phase handling benefits of organic hydrogen carriers (OHCs) have made them an attractive method for large-scale hydrogen storage and transfer. As a new approach to increased subsurface hydrogen storage capacity, this study examines the interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability (advancing and receding contact angles) of a hydrogenated OHC (methylcyclohexane, MCH) and a dehydrogenated OHC (toluene) on mica as a proxy caprock in the presence of 1 M NaCl brine at reservoir-relevant temperatures (298–343 K) and pressures (1–20 MPa). The interfacial exchanges and physico-thermal variations are evaluated via total organic carbon (TOC) assessment, atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results highlight the importance of caprock-fluid interactions in controlling the structural trapping and sealing integrity in OHC-based hydrogen storage. At higher temperatures, the effects of increased pressure on the nonwetting behavior and sealing integrity are weaker, which makes leaks more likely. Structural trapping and secure long-term hydrogen containment are made possible by regulated OHC-caprock interactions and interfacial forces, with toluene providing a better candidate than MCH due to its lower IFT and greater nonwetting characteristics. This study provides a deepened knowledge of the interfacial mechanisms governing containment and storage stability, and conclusively demonstrates that integrating OHCs into geological formations with a caprock is an effective and reliable means for storing hydrogen underground in a sustainable manner.","author":[{"family":"Kumar","given":"Narendra"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Alsubhi","given":"Mutaz"},{"family":"Tariq","given":"Zeeshan"},{"family":"Alissa","given":"Faisal"},{"family":"Ghamdi","given":"Abdulwahab"},{"family":"Hoteit","given":"Hussein"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c00864","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c00864","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417359888","type":"article-journal","title":"Laser‐Welded Cellulose‐Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites as a 3D Scaffold of Si Anodes for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries","abstract":"Abstract To satisfy the demand for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), silicon (Si) based anodes have attracted attention due to their high theoretical capacity, and there is increasing interest in anode architectures employing conventional micro‐sized Si without sacrificing the electrochemical performance. Herein, a highly conductive 3D nanocomposite scaffold containing entangled networks of cellulose and SWCNTs (C‐CNT) is fabricated via an eco‐friendly method for use as an Si anode. Additionally, localized rapid heating of the Si/C‐CNT film on a Cu current‐collector is newly demonstrated by IR laser‐irradiation in ambient air. This treatment leads to both nanowelding of the SWCNTs onto the Si anode and pyrolysis of the cellulose, thereby increasing the Si loading from 50 to 89.5 wt.%, decreasing the sheet resistance from 9.6 to 7.2 Ω sq −1 , and increasing the specific surface area from 16.9 to 77.1 m 2 g −1 . Structural analysis confirms the generation of covalent Si─C and Si─O─C bonds on the Si surface via photothermal conversion. In the LIB application, the laser‐treated Si/C‐CNT exhibits an enhanced electrochemical performance relative to the untreated anode, with a 37% increase in capacity retention at 3.0C and a more than two‐fold increase in capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1.5 A g −1 .","author":[{"family":"Ryu","given":"Boeun"},{"family":"Jung","given":"Younghoon"},{"family":"Son","given":"Hojin"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Minyoung"},{"family":"Lim","given":"Jinsub"},{"family":"Yun","given":"Changhun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202525595","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202525595","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130352981","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparative assessment of United States coastal hubs for large scale electrochemical marine carbon dioxide removal","abstract":"Removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is essential to meet climate targets and limit global warming. Oceans already absorb a large share of carbon dioxide, and electrochemical methods can strengthen this process by treating seawater to increase its storage capacity. Here, we identify locations along the United States coastline that can support large-scale deployment of such systems. Thirty-eight facilities with seawater intake, including power plants, desalination plants, and liquefied natural gas terminals, are grouped into five hubs: Northeast, Southeast, South, West, and Northwest. A decision-making framework evaluates each hub based on removal capacity, cost, energy mix, local emissions, community vulnerability, facility diversity, and supporting infrastructure. The South, West, and Northeast hubs rank highest for deployment because they combine strong removal potential, affordability, and infrastructure readiness. This framework provides a practical tool for selecting priority sites and guiding technology development and policy for ocean-based carbon dioxide removal. Assessment of 38 seawater-intake facilities along the continental United States coast reveals that large scale deployment of electrochemical marine-based carbon dioxide removal hubs is possible using a multicriteria decision-making framework.","author":[{"family":"Refaie","given":"Abdelrahman"},{"family":"Afshari","given":"Mohsen"},{"family":"Tapia","given":"Vanessa"},{"family":"Plante","given":"Erika"},{"family":"Jassby","given":"David"},{"family":"Sant","given":"Gaurav"},{"family":"Rahimi","given":"Mim"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s44458-026-00035-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44458-026-00035-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410835379","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Trading Potential in the Forest Sector: Analysis at the Province Level in Indonesia","abstract":"Forests are ecosystems that provide various important services for humanity, especially in mitigating climate change. Forests in Indonesia, as carbon absorbers and stores, have large market potential, where the carbon market provides opportunities to fund forestry sector projects. However, the forestry sector in Indonesia has not been able to take maximum advantage of the carbon market. This study aims to describe the condition and potential of the forestry sector carbon market, as well as estimate the carbon trading value of the forestry sector for 34 provinces in Indonesia in 2022. The method used is K-Medoids and calculating the carbon trading value. The study results show that areas on Papua Island and Kalimantan Island are the main potential contributors to carbon trading in Indonesia. These two islands have large areas of primary forest that are still maintained. This shows that the forest area in Papua Province is a strategic asset for Indonesia in its efforts to mitigate climate change through carbon trading.","author":[{"family":"Kartiasih","given":"Fitri"},{"family":"Azhari","given":"Azhari"},{"family":"Rinangku","given":"Rahadian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.32424/er.v20i1.14668","URL":"https://doi.org/10.32424/er.v20i1.14668","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160618502","type":"article-journal","title":"Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases as global carbon cycle regulators and a lever to the bioeconomy","abstract":"Cellulose, hemicellulose, and chitin are Earth’s most abundant biopolymers, yet their crystalline structure makes them highly recalcitrant, creating a bottleneck in the global carbon cycle and the bioeconomy. For decades, polysaccharide degradation strategies focussed exclusively on hydrolytic enzymes. This perspective synthesises breakthroughs, highlighting the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases and providing a comprehensive framework to evaluate their global function. We chart the scientific evolution of these enzymes into powerful, context-dependent hydrogen peroxide-driven peroxygenases using an oxidative mechanism to disrupt crystalline surfaces. We argue this synergistic oxidative-hydrolytic strategy is nature’s primary solution to the polysaccharide challenge. We propose two hypotheses: first, that lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases are critical gatekeepers of the carbon cycle in terrestrial and marine ecosystems; and second, that their oxidative chemistry can be engineered for broad frontiers, including advanced biorefineries and synthetic polymer degradation. Embracing this oxidative paradigm is essential for ecological understanding and architecting a circular economy. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases, reclassified as hydrogen peroxide-driven peroxygenases offer a primary natural solution for breaking down tough biopolymers like cellulose via an oxidative-hydrolytic strategy, playing a critical role in the global carbon cycle.","author":[{"family":"Garcia","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Garcia","given":"Maren"},{"family":"Teixeira","given":"Ricardo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s44458-026-00070-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44458-026-00070-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409702297","type":"article-journal","title":"Computational Design of 2D Nanoporous Graphene via Carbon-Bridged Lateral Heterojunctions in Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The interest in two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotropes arises from their ability to alter their properties based on the atomic topology employed, which can significantly affect their electronic properties and benefit advancements in new technologies. This work presents a new nanoporous graphene (NPG) allotrope obtained through lateral heterojunctions via pairs of trivalent sp 2 carbon atoms of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs). These pairs were used as linkers between AGNRs to achieve this structure, forming connections that enhance the porous architecture. This novel planar and porous 2D carbon allotrope integrates some structural and electronic advantages of AGNRs into a 2D framework. Composed of 3-, 6-, and 12-membered carbon rings, the NPG was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ab initio (AIMD) and classical molecular dynamics (CMD) simulations to explore its structural, electronic, and mechanical properties. Among the results presented, we show that the material demonstrates high dynamical and thermal stability at 1000 K. Furthermore, the NPG exhibits metallic and nonmagnetic behavior and is achieved by transitioning from the semiconducting nature of some AGNRs to a metallic 2D carbon system. The elastic properties reveal the material’s distinct response to applied strain, with fractures occurring in the nanoribbon segment along the x -direction. However, fractures are observed in the C–C bonds involved in the heterojunction region in the y -direction. The calculated Young’s modulus ranges from 394 to 690 GPa, which is lower but comparable to graphene. The formation energy of NPG decreases with increasing width of the AGNRs used to compose the 2D material, indicating enhanced stability for wider nanoribbons. These findings highlight the potential of NPG for applications in nanoelectronics and advanced new technologies.","author":[{"family":"Alves","given":"Rodrigo"},{"family":"Lima","given":"KAL"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Mendonça","given":"Fábio"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Luiz"},{"family":"Pereira","given":"Marcelo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.4c07524","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c07524","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124990534","type":"article-journal","title":"From data to decarbonization: the digital economy’s role in reducing carbon emissions intensity and advancing environmental justice","abstract":"Abstract Using panel data from 286 prefecture-level cities in China, this study constructs a city-level digital economy index and examines its impact on carbon emissions intensity and related mechanisms. Theoretically, the digital economy can reduce carbon emissions intensity by increasing energy efficiency. The empirical findings show that: First, the digital economy reduces carbon emission intensity, and this finding still holds after robustness tests such as the selection of city-to-port distance as an instrumental variable and the “Broadband China” pilots as a quasi-natural experiment. Second, the digital economy reduces carbon emissions intensity mainly by reducing the scale of energy consumption, optimizing the energy structure, and facilitating renewable energy deployment. Third, the carbon reduction effect of the digital economy is more pronounced in western and northeastern regions, second-tier and small cities, resource-based cities and peripheral cities. Finally, further analysis shows that the digital economy can mitigate environmental inequalities. On this basis, this paper puts forward proposals to vigorously develop the digital economy and promote the integration of digital and low-carbon development, in order to provide reference and reference to promote the high-quality development of the digital economy, thus empowering carbon emission reduction and achieving the equity of environmental welfare benefits.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Qingyang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xuemeng"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Chengcheng"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Menghang"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Guinan"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Jiaqi"},{"family":"Liao","given":"Zhenqi"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Yizhong"},{"family":"He","given":"Pengwei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s44168-025-00322-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44168-025-00322-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417257755","type":"article-journal","title":"Innovative carrier in cancer therapy: utilization of ZIF-8 as a nanocarrier for combination cancer pharmacotherapy: a review","abstract":"Abstract Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have rapidly emerged as versatile nanoparticles system for their use in biomedical field, especially in drug delivery. Of the materials in this class, zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-8 has recently captured significant interest due to its tunable structure and significant potential for surface modification. It is these same features which allow ZIF-8 to act as a suitable carrier in both single agent and combination therapy. In particular, surface chemistry will be reiterated throughout the present article as significant in improving the physicochemical stability, biocompatibility and targeted drug delivery of the materials. In addition, through well-designed modification strategies ZIF-8 herein we propose to show controlled release profiles, improved colloidal stability, and improved therapeutic efficacy. This review will discuss recent advances made in the surface engineering of ZIF-8 and present salient design principles and functionalisation techniques and their usefulness in the area of drug-delivery applications.","author":[{"family":"Sadeq","given":"Noor"},{"family":"Harun","given":"Siti"},{"family":"Chee","given":"Gan"},{"family":"Rahman","given":"Mohd"},{"family":"Ahmad","given":"Haslina"},{"family":"Masarudin","given":"Mas"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1088/2632-959x/ae2b8b","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ae2b8b","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416332491","type":"article-journal","title":"Enhancing soil organic carbon estimation with generative AI and Nix color sensor","abstract":"Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key indicator of soil health, yet conventional laboratory assays are labor-intensive and costly. This study investigates a rapid and low-cost alternative by using a handheld Nix Spectro 2 Color Sensor, which captured high-resolution color data from air-dried soil samples. These color parameters were used to predict SOC with four data-driven prediction engines: Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and further strengthened them with synthetic data augmentation techniques. A total of 641 surface soil samples collected from six districts in West Bengal, India, were divided into 70% calibration and 30% validation subsets. Synthetic samples were produced using a combination of generative artificial intelligence (AI) techniques [generative adversarial networks (GANs) and Gaussian mixture models (GMM)] and non-parametric/statistical data augmentation methods [k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and bootstrapping] to fill critical gaps in the SOC range (3-14%). Among the baseline models using raw Nix color data, RF achieved the best validation accuracy (R² = 0.71, RMSE = 0.93%). After augmenting the calibration set with 44 GMM-generated samples (3-7% SOC), RF performance rose to R² = 0.77 and RMSE = 0.84%, while bias dropped and coverage across the SOC distribution improved markedly. The incorporation of synthetic data mitigated model bias and enhanced predictive accuracy despite Levene's test revealing significant variance differences between calibration and validation datasets. The enhanced generalization of the model was attributed to better coverage of the SOC distribution, reducing underrepresented gaps in the dataset. The study highlighted the potential of AI-driven soil monitoring techniques in precision agriculture, demonstrating that integrating the Nix color sensor with synthetic data augmentation, provides a rapid and cost-effective solution for on-site soil assessments. Future research should expand these methodologies to multi-parameter soil assessments, digital soil mapping, and broader applications in sustainable soil management and climate change mitigation.","author":[{"family":"Singh","given":"Rachna"},{"family":"De","given":"Mriganka"},{"family":"Banerjee","given":"Rintu"},{"family":"Nayak","given":"Anshuman"},{"family":"Dasgupta","given":"Shubhadip"},{"family":"Das","given":"Ayan"},{"family":"Dey","given":"SS"},{"family":"Biswas","given":"Asim"},{"family":"Weindorf","given":"David"},{"family":"Chakraborty","given":"Somsubhra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-24236-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-24236-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407204606","type":"article-journal","title":"A Hybrid Intercalation and Conversion Mechanism for Reversible Lithium Storage in Layered Silicane (SiH) with Low Molar Volume Change","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Conversion-type anode materials generally suffer from significant volume change upon lithiation despite a high energy storage capacity. Here we report a new intercalation and conversion hybrid-type lithiation mechanism that enables a layered silicane (L-SiH) material to balance high capacity with low volume change. Using first-principles simulations of lithiation and delithiation processes, we predict L-SiH only shows a 3.8 cm 3 /mol volume expansion upon lithiation, significantly lower than that of crystalline Si (∼9.2 cm 3 /mol). During lithium intercalation, hydrogen in L-SiH is redox active, and LiH bonds are formed in the interlayer, without destruction of Si planes. The predicted lithiation proceeds via a two-phase coexisting process at an open-circuit voltage (OCV) plateau of ∼0.43 V, which coincides with experimental observation of a 0.4 V plateau upon the lithiation of synthesized L-SiH. This study introduces a promising anode material with a low volume change fulfilled by an intriguing mechanism.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Wenzao"},{"family":"Cain","given":"Jeffrey"},{"family":"Pieczonka","given":"Nicholas"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Zhongyi"},{"family":"Sayed","given":"Sayed"},{"family":"Qi","given":"Yue"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsenergylett.4c03063","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.4c03063","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7151977630","type":"article-journal","title":"Multi-Energy Collaborative Pricing Mechanism of Virtual Power Plants Under Carbon Trading Regulation","abstract":"In response to global climate change, virtual power plants (VPPs) have emerged as critical entities for integrating distributed energy resources and enabling demand response. However, the design of multi-energy collaborative pricing mechanisms for VPPs remains a significant challenge, particularly under carbon trading regulation. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a bi-level optimization model that captures the real-time interactions between users and energy suppliers. The model is designed to simultaneously maximize user utility and minimize supplier costs, explicitly accounting for energy costs, equipment operation and maintenance (O&M) costs, carbon emission costs, and power generation structure constraints. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to solve the formulated problem. The results of a case study demonstrate that the proposed mechanism effectively guides users toward peak shaving and valley filling, achieving a real-time balance between supply and demand. Furthermore, the simulation results indicate that the model significantly enhances power system operational efficiency and economic benefits while reducing carbon emissions. This work offers a practical approach for improving renewable energy integration and overall system performance within a carbon-constrained environment.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Ru"},{"family":"Li","given":"Junxiang"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Ziyi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/superintelligence1010002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/superintelligence1010002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125198008","type":"article-journal","title":"Laser-induced graphene on the surface of carbon-coated 3D-printed microneedle arrays for minimally invasive electrochemical detection of olanzapine","abstract":"We have developed a straightforward and scalable fabrication strategy to create laser-induced graphene on the tips of a carbon-coated 3D-printed microneedle array-based wearable electrochemical sensor to detect OZP in interstitial fluid. The device used a 3D-printed customized microneedle array, followed by spray coating of conductive carbon and silver inks to form the working, counter, and reference electrodes. Furthermore, the carbon-coated microneedle array-based working electrode was laser-treated to alter the surface into a graphitic structure for enhanced sensitivity. After physical and electrochemical characterization, the fabricated microneedle sensor was employed for detection of OZP. Under optimized settings, the microneedle sensor exhibited high sensitivity and specificity toward OZP, with a broad linear range of 0.05-500 µM and a lowest limit of detection of 0.0026 µM. The practical applicability was validated by detecting OZP in artificial interstitial fluid while penetrating a skin-like parafilm model and phantom gel matrix, which demonstrated the potential and practicability of the platform for minimally invasive monitoring of antipsychotic drugs. The obtained results highlight the feasibility of this cost-effective, scalable, and minimally invasive microneedle platform for monitoring OZP; this platform can also be readily adapted for the preparation of other wearable biosensors.","author":[{"family":"Kadian","given":"Sachin"},{"family":"Sahoo","given":"Siba"},{"family":"Munshe","given":"Fahad"},{"family":"Shukla","given":"Shubhangi"},{"family":"Narayan","given":"Roger"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5tb02162f","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5tb02162f","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7150023139","type":"article-journal","title":"Thermophysical and Rheological Characteristics of CO2 Hydrate Slurries for Cold Thermal Energy Storage Applications and Engineering Perspectives","abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrate slurries have emerged as promising candidates for cold thermal energy storage (CTES) and refrigeration systems due to their high latent heat, controllable flow behavior, and environmentally friendly nature. These slurries are formed by dispersing solid CO2 hydrate particles in a liquid phase, forming a multiphase system with tunable thermophysical and rheological properties. The performance of these slurries is dependent on nucleation kinetics, particle sizes and their distribution, solid content, and thermal transport characteristics under flow conditions. This review paper gives an assessment of CO2 hydrate slurries from a thermofluid’ perspective by focusing on key aspects such as hydrate nucleation mechanisms, viscosity behavior, shear response, thermal conductivity, convective heat transfer, and slurry stability. Particular attention is given to the role of surfactants and nanoparticle additives that enhance hydrate formation and improve slurry performance. The addition of nanofluids is discussed both in terms of their effect on thermal properties as well as in flow stability.","author":[{"family":"Annavajjala","given":"Sai"},{"family":"Dam","given":"Noah"},{"family":"Kośny","given":"Jan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma19071434","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19071434","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130818253","type":"article-journal","title":"Harmonizing Terrestrial Carbon Cycle Observations Over CONUS NEON Sites: Assessing the Information Contributions of Multiple Data Constraints","abstract":"Accurate inventories of terrestrial carbon pools and fluxes are crucial for understanding ecosystem processes, tracking climate change impacts, and meeting the monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) requirements in international treaties and voluntary carbon markets. In meeting this need, the fusion of process-based modeling, field data, and remote sensing observations has the potential to provide more accurate and precise estimates than each alone. However, as the number of data constraints on a system increases, different sources of information can interact with each other in complex ways across space, time, and processes. In this study, we undertake a value-of-information analysis to assess the contribution of different observations to reducing carbon cycle uncertainties across pools, fluxes, and spatial domains within the PEcAn carbon cycle data assimilation system. We used a novel block-based Tobit Gamma Ensemble Filter to assimilate four synergistic data constraints, MODIS leaf area index, Landtrendr aboveground biomass, SMAP soil moisture, and SoilGrids soil organic C, into a process-based ecosystem model (SIPNET) at 39 National Ecological Observatory Network sites across the contiguous United States from 2012 to 2021. Results showed that Soil and Wood C contribute most to the total C uncertainty, and not only did we greatly reduce uncertainty and residual error in the directly constrained pools, but many observations also shared information across variables and space, leading to reductions in both uncertainty and residual errors across variables and locations. These indirect constraints helped identify synergies and conflicts among data streams and across space, which provide insights for further constraining carbon inventories. Overall, soil carbon remains the largest source of uncertainty in the overall carbon budget due to both its large size and limited observational constraints.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Dongchen"},{"family":"Li","given":"Qianyu"},{"family":"Helgeson","given":"Alexis"},{"family":"Serbin","given":"Shawn"},{"family":"Dietze","given":"Michael"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1111/gcb.70761","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70761","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130677991","type":"article-journal","title":"Spatiotemporal Evolution Analysis and Optimization Strategy Development for Ecological Carbon-Sink Security Patterns: A Case Study of Zhengzhou, China","abstract":"Carbon sinks have been widely recognized as critical components of climate change mitigation and achieving carbon neutrality. With rapid urbanization, protecting and optimizing urban carbon sinks remain major challenges. This study uses Zhengzhou as a case study and analyzes 2000–2023 land-use data with the InVEST model to quantify carbon stocks and identify high-value carbon-sink areas. Circuit theory was further integrated to delineate ecological security patterns and inform optimization strategies. The results show a net decrease of 19.12 × 106 t in carbon storage from 2000 to 2023, with the most rapid decline occurring during 2015–2020. Spatially, high-value carbon storage clustered in forested, high-elevation areas in the southwest, whereas low values predominated in the urban core. Carbon-sink source areas continued to shrink: fragmentation increased in the east, the west remained relatively stable, and the central area was highly fragmented. Corridor analysis indicated that the mean corridor length first increased and then decreased, accompanied by an expansion of pinch points and barrier areas. The study developed a systematic optimization framework that establishes a “Two Cores, Five Carbon-Sink Areas, Multiple Corridors” security pattern and proposes targeted conservation measures. The proposed methodology and findings offer a transferable basis for managing urban carbon sinks in rapidly developing regions and support both ecological security and climate-change mitigation, promoting sustainable urban development.","author":[{"family":"Xiao","given":"Zhetao"},{"family":"Xing","given":"Xiaobing"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Lijun"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Genyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18042117","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18042117","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125640416","type":"article-journal","title":"Rapid Steam‐Assisted Temperature Swing Adsorption for Direct Air Capture Using a Rotary Adsorber","abstract":"ABSTRACT Direct air capture (DAC) of CO 2 is a key solution for balancing hard‐to‐abate carbon emissions and plays a crucial role in achieving net zero. Common DAC methods typically employ fixed bed reactors packed with granular adsorbents, which suffer from high gas pressure drop, poor heat and mass transfer, and long cycle durations. Additionally, multiple reactors are required for continuous operation, resulting in bulky systems and complex control. This study proposes a novel rotary adsorber‐based DAC strategy, where powdered adsorbents are shaped into structured adsorbents, enabling rapid carbon capture in a single reactor via a steam‐assisted temperature swing adsorption cycle. A ton‐scale‐potential DAC prototype was constructed. Experimental results exhibit a CO 2 capture rate of 50%–85%, producing high‐purity CO 2 (>90%) with remarkable CO 2 productivity of 0.235−0.352 kg CO2 /kg adsorbent /day. A mathematical model was developed to reveal the dynamic variations of key parameters within the rotor. On this basis, optimization strategies were proposed, showing that by implementing heat recovery, the total energy consumption of carbon capture could be reduced to 7.41–9.64 MJ/kg CO2 . Further enhancement of the adsorbent performance could lower the energy consumption to 2.50–3.14 MJ/kg CO2 . These findings demonstrate the rotary adsorber's outstanding carbon capture capability, offering an efficient and attractive DAC solution.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Junye"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yunhao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Kuihua"},{"family":"Huo","given":"Yingjie"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yanlin"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Quanwen"},{"family":"Ge","given":"Tianshu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202521499","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202521499","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128740948","type":"article-journal","title":"Robust optimal operating strategy for photovoltaic‐storage‐load virtual power plant considering dual uncertainties of photovoltaic output and electricity prices","abstract":"Abstract The widespread integration of photovoltaic (PV) power, energy storage systems, and other demand‐side resources highlights the importance of optimal dispatching for the PV‐storage‐load virtual power plant (VPP). However, the fluctuation of the PV power generation and the uncertainty of the electricity prices exacerbate the economic operation risks of the VPP. To address these challenges, an optimal dispatching strategy for the PV‐storage‐load VPP is proposed, with due consideration given to the dual uncertainties of electricity prices and PV power output. Firstly, the conditional value‐at‐risk theory is employed to quantify the uncertainty risk of VPP revenue caused by electricity price fluctuations. Secondly, in view of the asymmetric fluctuation intervals of PV power output, a quantification method for PV uncertainty and dispatch robustness is developed using the confidence gap decision theory. Furthermore, by combining the regulation reserve model of multi‐type flexible resources, a robust optimization model for the PV‐storage‐load VPP is constructed with the objective of maximizing comprehensive operational revenue, which includes the provision of upward and downward reserve services. Finally, case studies based on a PV‐storage‐load VPP in a Chinese province are conducted to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model. The simulation results indicate that the proposed robust optimization strategy effectively reflects the relationship between the uncertainty of PV power output and the risk preference of decision‐maker, mitigates the fluctuation risks of electricity prices to ensure the stability of the power system, and enhances the economic efficiency and flexibility of the PV‐storage‐load VPP operation.","author":[{"family":"Zhu","given":"Xinyi"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Sheng"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Fucong"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yuge"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Hongfei"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Xueyuan"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jiajia"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhicheng"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Li"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Zhenzhi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1049/enc2.70034","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1049/enc2.70034","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7164521417","type":"article-journal","title":"Storage Buffer Composition Impacts Internal Structure, Freeze–Thaw Stability, and Transfection Efficiency of mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticles","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Messenger RNA (mRNA) lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNPs) are central to emerging vaccines and therapeutics, but their wide implementation is constrained by limited endosomal escape and instability during long-term storage and freezing. While buffers are routinely optimized to prevent instability, the impact of buffer on the internal structural organization of LNPs and, consequently, their delivery efficiency remain unresolved. Here, we study the impact of storage in Tris, histidine, and citrate buffers for mRNA-LNPs formulated with LP-01, MC3, and SM-102 ionizable lipids. We demonstrate that storage buffer identity and concentration govern mRNA-LNP internal ordering before and after freeze–thaw and are thus critical parameters for engineering high-performance formulations. Deconvoluting ordered phases into an mRNA-lipid region and excess lipid region reveals the importance of excess ionizable lipid behavior in enhancing endosomal escape. Prior to freezing, citrate buffer enhances transfection efficiency by promoting a transition to the fusogenic inverse hexagonal (H II ) phase earlier during acidification, facilitated by a greater amount of ordered excess ionizable lipid. In contrast, Tris buffer provides the highest transfection efficiency after freeze–thaw by preventing aggregation and cargo loss while promoting favorable internal structure. Increasing Tris concentration from 10 to 50–150 mM leads to mRNA-rich bleb formation in freeze–thawed mRNA-LNPs, which improves freeze–thaw stability and thus transfection efficiency by mitigating mRNA-lipid adduct formation and accommodating a larger excess ionizable lipid region to facilitate H II phase formation. These findings establish a direct structural link between buffer conditions, particle size, internal morphology, and transfection efficiency, highlighting the importance of buffer composition in modulating mRNA-LNP performance.","author":[{"family":"Zerankeshi","given":"Meysam"},{"family":"Charland","given":"Dylan"},{"family":"Donnelly","given":"Keira"},{"family":"Nash","given":"Geoffrey"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Jiale"},{"family":"Patil","given":"Dipak"},{"family":"Ennis","given":"Julia"},{"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Kenneth"},{"family":"Corba","given":"Sonia"},{"family":"Wambolt","given":"Noah"},{"family":"Chueh","given":"Haocheng"},{"family":"Aboulfotouh","given":"Khaled"},{"family":"Kawelah","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Oh","given":"Younghoon"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Dennis"},{"family":"Qian","given":"Ken"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Qiang"},{"family":"Johnston","given":"Keith"},{"family":"Estabrook","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Marras","given":"Alexander"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsnano.5c22170","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c22170","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7138397488","type":"article-journal","title":"Toward Carbon-Negative Construction Materials: CO2-Storing Alkali-Activated Waste-Based Binder","abstract":"This study examines the carbonation behavior and CO2 storage potential of a Ca-rich alkali-activated binder produced entirely from industrial residues-ladle furnace slag (LFS), coal ash (CA), and cement kiln dust (CKD). The system was designed as a one-part alkali-activated material (AAM), with CKD acting as an internal activator, and subjected to ambient curing, water curing, and accelerated CO2 curing at ambient pressure. Phase evolution, microstructural development, and pore-structure characteristics were investigated using X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, DSC–TG analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray micro-computed tomography, together with measurements of density, water absorption, and compressive strength. Loss-on-ignition measurements combined with chemical analysis were further used to quantify CO2 uptake and evaluate the degree of carbonation of the binder system. CO2 curing fundamentally altered the reaction pathway of the binder, shifting it from hydration-dominated to carbonation-controlled phase evolution, leading to the decomposition of calcium-bearing hydrates and complete carbonation of non-hydraulic γ-belite with the formation of vaterite, aragonite, and calcite. These transformations induced pronounced microstructural densification, reflected in a near-doubling of compressive strength (>48 MPa), increased apparent density, reduced water absorption, and simplified pore-network topology. A preliminary carbon footprint assessment indicates that the production of 1 m3 of the developed LFS–CA–CKD concrete generates about 14.36 kg CO2-eq, while the carbonation process enables significant CO2 sequestration, resulting in a net negative carbon balance. The results demonstrate that controlled carbonation is an effective post-treatment strategy for waste-derived alkali-activated binders, enabling simultaneous performance enhancement and permanent CO2 sequestration.","author":[{"family":"Nikolov","given":"Aleksandar"},{"family":"Petrova","given":"Nadia"},{"family":"Raykovska","given":"Miryana"},{"family":"Georgiev","given":"Ivan"},{"family":"Karamanov","given":"Alexander"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings16061179","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16061179","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415897831","type":"article-journal","title":"CO 2 Utilization through Reaction with Alcohols: A Quantum Chemical Study","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Reactions between alcohols and carbon dioxide have been the subject of numerous experimental studies. While such reactions are roughly thermoneutral, a direct reaction is highly activated. It has been found that certain amines enhance the reaction to the point that it runs its course quickly at or slightly above room temperature. In this contribution, we have used quantum chemical methods to arrive at some suggestions for the mechanism(s) of such reactions. Our results indicate that the addition of either an amine or CO 2 facilitates the reaction. With CO 2, the reaction is facilitated to the extent that the calculated activation energy is in accordance with the experimentally reported kinetics. Without such facilitators, all attempts at determining a transition state for the reaction were fruitless.","author":[{"family":"Bleken","given":"Francesca"},{"family":"Jens","given":"Klaus‐joachim"},{"family":"Solli","given":"Kjell"},{"family":"Swang","given":"Ole"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c02744","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c02744","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417278610","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Peaking Pathways of High-Density Urban Buildings Under Dual-Control Policies: The Case of Guangzhou","abstract":"High-density cities face increasing pressure to curb the rapid growth of building-sector carbon emissions, yet the specific impacts of China’s dual-control policy—regulating both total emissions and emission intensity—remain insufficiently understood. To address this gap, this study aims to quantify how dual-control constraints shape urban building-emission trajectories by developing a dynamic scenario model that integrates both operational and embodied emissions while accounting for technological progress, energy-structure adjustments, and socioeconomic change. The model is applied to Guangzhou, a representative high-density metropolis in China’s low-carbon transition. Three policy scenarios are evaluated: a baseline pathway reflecting existing trends, an energy-conservation pathway emphasizing efficiency improvements, and a deep-decarbonization pathway that combines enhanced efficiency with accelerated clean-energy adoption. The results show that rising residential energy demand is the primary driver of emission growth, whereas technological advancement provides the strongest mitigation potential. Under the energy-conservation scenario, emissions are projected to peak around 2029, consistent with China’s national carbon-peaking target for 2030. Overall, the findings offer clear empirical evidence and actionable policy insights for accelerating urban decarbonization in high-density contexts under dual-control constraints.","author":[{"family":"Huang","given":"Haiyan"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Yicong"},{"family":"Han","given":"Songyu"},{"family":"Hou","given":"Lingchun"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Xiaojie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15244504","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15244504","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165660044","type":"article-journal","title":"Hydrothermal Humification of Biomass for Circular Carbon Management in Sustainable Agro‐Ecosystems","abstract":"Hydrothermal humification (HTH) is emerging as a low-carbon approach for valorizing biomass into hydrothermal humic acid (HHA), a multifunctional soil amendment with potential to enhance soil carbon sequestration and climate-resilient agriculture. However, broader deployment is constrained by limited carbon-conversion efficiency and heterogeneity in HHA composition. This Review synthesizes recent advances in HTH process engineering, elucidating how operating conditions, catalytic strategies, and integrated designs govern HHA yield, molecular structure, reactivity, and stability. Comparative analysis of hydrolysis-, condensation-, and oxidation-dominated pathways reveals distinct carbon-transformation mechanisms and structure-function relationships underlying soil and plant responses. Life-cycle and technoeconomic assessments highlight pathways toward environmentally and economically viable deployment. Advancing HHA stability and field-scale integration are key frontiers for HTH. Progress toward scalable negative-emissions deployment in sustainable agro-ecosystems will require close collaboration between scientists and engineers.","author":[{"family":"Yao","given":"Zonglu"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Y"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Huiyan"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Lixin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.75558","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.75558","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7129094777","type":"article-journal","title":"The Environmental Footprint of Rice Milling: Assessing Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions","abstract":"ABSTRACT Rice milling plays a crucial role in the global food supply chain; however, its environmental footprint remains a significant concern. While existing research examines broad environmental impacts, few studies have focused on energy use and emissions at specific rice milling stages or compared mill sizes. This study addresses these gaps by analyzing energy consumption and carbon emissions across mills of varying capacities (4 TPH, 8 TPH, and 12 TPH) in India. Using a combination of energy auditing, process mapping, and life‐cycle assessment, this study assesses energy consumption and carbon emissions at each stage of the rice milling process. Rice milling consumes 817.10 MJ of energy and emits 61.76 kg of CO 2 equivalent per ton. The total environmental footprint of rice production, including cultivation to white rice production, amounts to 3234 MJ and 402.96 kg of CO 2 equivalent emissions per ton. Energy use decreases with an increase in mill capacity and CO 2 emissions. Among various milling operations, whitening and polishing were the dominant hotspots (45%–58% of the total). Scaling from 4 to 12 TPH rice mill in India reduced energy consumption and CO 2 emissions by 28.3% and 27.6%. These findings are intended to guide policymakers, mill operators, and industry stakeholders in mitigating the environmental impacts of rice production, thereby contributing to broader global sustainability goals.","author":[{"family":"Guru","given":"Prabhat"},{"family":"Diwan","given":"Pushpraj"},{"family":"Sahu","given":"Parmanand"},{"family":"Carpenter","given":"Gopal"},{"family":"Gangil","given":"Sandip"},{"family":"Panwar","given":"GS"},{"family":"Dey","given":"Deeksha"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/sd.70800","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.70800","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407987452","type":"article-journal","title":"Uncovering the Dynamic CO2 Gas Uptake Behavior of CALF‐20 (Zn) under Varying Conditions via Positronium Lifetime Analysis","abstract":"Abstract Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major greenhouse gas contributing to global warming. Adsorption in porous sorbents offers a promising method for CO2 capture and storage. The zinc‐triazole‐oxalate‐based Calgary framework 20 (CALF‐20) demonstrates high CO2 capacity, low H2O affinity, and low adsorption heat, enabling energy‐efficient and stable performance over multiple cycles. This study examines CO2 adsorption mechanism in CALF‐20 using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), in situ powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), and gas adsorption experiments under varying temperatures and humidity levels. Variable‐temperature PALS experiments demonstrate that CO₂ molecules are spatially localized within the CALF‐20 cages, leaving temperature‐ and pressure‐dependent gaps. CO2 begins at cage centers, forming 1D chains, and ultimately adheres to pore walls. Interestingly, positronium intensity correlates with the Langmuir‐Freundlich isotherm, reflecting gas uptake behavior. Moreover, under pure relative humidity (RH), water molecules form isolated clusters or small oligomers at low RH, transitioning to hydrogen‐bonded networks above 35 %RH, significantly altering free volumes. In humid CO₂ conditions, competitive interactions arise: CO₂ initially disrupts water propagation, but higher RH leads to extensive water networks filling the framework. The synergy between in situ‐PALS, in situ‐PXRD, and gas adsorption techniques provides comprehensive insights into CALF‐20′s potential for efficient CO2 capture under varying conditions.","author":[{"family":"Attallah","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Bon","given":"Volodymyr"},{"family":"Hirschmann","given":"Eric"},{"family":"Butterling","given":"Maik"},{"family":"Wagner","given":"A"},{"family":"Zaleski","given":"Radosław"},{"family":"Kaskel","given":"Stefan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smll.202500544","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202500544","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124717358","type":"article-journal","title":"Understanding the Drivers of Carbon–Nitrogen Cycle Variability in CMIP6 ESMs With MAGICC CNit v2.0: Model and Calibration Updates","abstract":"Abstract Carbon–nitrogen coupling is a critical constraint for improving carbon cycle and climate simulations in Earth system models (ESMs), yet large uncertainties hinder inter‐model comparisons. Here, we present CNit v2.0, an updated representation of the carbon–nitrogen cycle in MAGICC—a widely used reduced‐complexity model (RCM). CNit v2.0 is calibrated to emulate carbon–nitrogen cycle dynamics in various ESMs across historical, idealized (1pctCO2, 1pctCO2‐bgc), and multiple Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) experiments, demonstrating strong emulation performance. The global annual‐mean emulation from historical to SSP5‐8.5 (1850–2100) reveals increasing nitrogen limitation on net primary production (NPP), with a multi‐model mean inhibition of 10.2 ± 5.6% by 2100 due to nitrogen deficits limiting plant uptake. The stronger CO 2 fertilization effect in carbon‐only (C‐only) ESMs exceeds the mitigating influence of nitrogen limitation in CN‐coupled ESMs, implying a risk of continued NPP overestimation in C‐only ESMs—even if a nitrogen cycle is later added—due to insufficient constraints on CO 2 sensitivity. The climate response of litter production is sign‐changing between C‐only (inhibition) and CN‐coupled (enhancement) ESMs, suggesting nitrogen effects may be misattributed as climate effects in C‐only ESMs. Divergent climate responses and nitrogen effects on litter decomposition—particularly litter respiration and labile soil organic matter decomposition—are the primary drivers of total heterotrophic respiration differences between C‐only and CN‐coupled ESMs. Alongside NPP, these factors shape distinct carbon cycle dynamics. While nitrogen pools and fluxes generally follow carbon trends, they exhibit greater inter‐model spread. In light of the calibration updates, we propose practical strategies to improve carbon cycle calibration in future RCMs.","author":[{"family":"Tang","given":"Gang"},{"family":"Zaehle","given":"Sönke"},{"family":"Nicholls","given":"Zebedee"},{"family":"Norton","given":"Alexander"},{"family":"Ziehn","given":"Tilo"},{"family":"Meinshausen","given":"Malte"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2025ms005270","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025ms005270","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7166179444","type":"article-journal","title":"Land Carbon Sink Distribution in Northern Eurasia Is Driven by Climate Change","abstract":"Abstract Boreal forests are a major contributor to the global land carbon sink under rising CO 2 concentrations and a changing climate. Carbon sink estimates for Northern Eurasia from forest inventories, flux mapping, and remote sensing have moved toward convergence over the past decade, although substantial differences remain. Several bottom‐up and top‐down estimates exceed Russia's national greenhouse gas inventory values. Here, we combine data from four independent sources—machine‐learning‐based FLUXCOM, atmospheric inversion models, the TRENDY ensemble of dynamic global vegetation models, and CMIP6 Earth System Models—to assess the spatial and temporal characteristics of the Northern Eurasian net carbon sink and discuss the differences. Our multi‐approach assessment yields a regional estimate of 0.47 ± 0.20 GtC year −1 for the 2001–2015 period, which accounts for one‐third of the global land carbon sink. CMIP6 model estimates are broadly consistent with those from other approaches, lending confidence to their future projections, although regional differences persist across individual models. We find a pronounced spatial flux gradient from south to north and west to east along a mean temperature gradient, with stronger carbon sinks in the warmer southern regions and weaker sinks in the cooler northeastern regions. Despite rapid warming in the northern parts of Northern Eurasia, CO 2 ‐ and warming‐induced carbon sink enhancement contributes little to the overall regional sink due to its initially low net productivity. These results underscore the importance of forest productivity in shaping the terrestrial carbon sink and provide a multi‐perspective view of its evolution under continued anthropogenic forcing.","author":[{"family":"Melnikova","given":"Irina"},{"family":"Yokohata","given":"Tokuta"},{"family":"Schepaschenko","given":"Dmitry"},{"family":"Sitch","given":"Stephen"},{"family":"Maksyutov","given":"Shamil"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2025gb008971","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gb008971","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163386710","type":"article-journal","title":"China’s blue carbon governance for sustainable development: ecological differentiation, policy architecture, and implementation pathways","abstract":"Blue carbon ecosystems—mangroves, salt marshes, and seagrass beds—sit at the intersection of climate mitigation, coastal adaptation, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development. In China, blue carbon has moved rapidly from scientific concept to policy agenda through carbon peaking policy, marine ecological restoration, and the reactivated national voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction market. Yet blue carbon governance remains institutionally fragile. Existing debates often discuss resource potential, project methodologies, market design, and policy texts separately. This leaves the ecology–policy interface underexamined. Drawing on national policy and planning documents issued between 2021 and April 2026, official project methodology and market rules, peer-reviewed literature, and reported pilot practice, this article examines how ecological differences, institutional rules, project mechanisms, and sustainable development claims interact in China’s blue carbon governance. The analysis shows that current national crediting arrangements are strongest for restoration interventions entering the China Certified Emission Reductions (CCER) system. The broader governance chain remains incomplete. Ecologically distinct systems are still often treated as a single governance object, although national estimates, CCER methodology parameters, and project cost evidence show clear differences in carbon stocks, soil carbon accumulation, monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) burden, and reversal risk. Resource rights, project development rights, carbon revenues, and stewardship duties remain weakly connected. Market instruments are only partly coordinated with public compensation and blended finance, and local pilots are generating projects faster than reusable rules. A stronger governance approach should distinguish among ecosystem types and action categories. It should build a layered MRV system, link revenues to long-term stewardship and local or community benefit sharing arrangements, and create a route for converting pilot experience into cross-regional rules.","author":[{"family":"Zheng","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Hefeng"},{"family":"Ai","given":"Yangyi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yuanjun"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"J"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jiarui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmars.2026.1859402","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2026.1859402","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406335857","type":"article-journal","title":"Copula Modeling and Uncertainty Propagation in Field‐Scale Simulation of CO 2 Fault Leakage","abstract":"Abstract Subsurface storage of is an important means to mitigate climate change, and the North Sea hosts considerable potential storage resources. To investigate the fate of over decades in vast reservoirs, numerical simulation based on realistic models is essential. Faults and other complex geological structures introduce modeling challenges as their effects on storage operations are subject to high uncertainty. We present a computational framework for forward propagation of uncertainty, including stochastic upscaling and copula representation of multivariate distributions for a storage site model with faults. The Vette fault zone in the Smeaheia formation in the North Sea is used as a test case. The stochastic upscaling method reduces the number of stochastic dimensions and the cost of evaluating the reservoir model. Copulas provide representation of dependent multidimensional random variables and a good fit to data, allow fast sampling and coupling to the forward propagation method via independent uniform random variables. The non‐stationary correlation within the upscaled flow functions are accurately captured by a data‐driven transformation model. The uncertainty in upscaled flow functions and other uncertain parameters are efficiently propagated to leakage estimates using numerical reservoir simulation of a two‐phase system of CO 2 and brine. The expectations of leakage are estimated by an adaptive stratified sampling technique which effectively allocates samples in stochastic space. We demonstrate cost reduction compared to standard Monte Carlo of one or two orders of magnitude for simpler test cases, and factors 2–8 cost reduction for stochastic multi‐phase flow properties and more complex stochastic models.","author":[{"family":"Pettersson","given":"Per"},{"family":"Keilegavlen","given":"Eirik"},{"family":"Sandve","given":"Tor"},{"family":"Gasda","given":"Sarah"},{"family":"Krumscheid","given":"Sebastian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2024wr038073","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr038073","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155058426","type":"article-journal","title":"Microbial necromass carbon accumulation is associated with soil microbial life history strategies and multitrophic network complexity under nitrogen addition in alpine forests","abstract":"Abstract Microbial necromass plays a key role in maintaining the storage and stability of soil organic carbon (SOC). The fundamental roles of microbial functional traits in regulating microbial necromass have been recognized in numerous studies. However, the interactions across multitrophic levels (including bacteria, fungi and nematodes) represent an important but still incompletely understood pathway linking microbial dynamics to necromass accumulation, particularly under nitrogen (N) deposition. Here, we investigated the soil microbial necromass carbon (MNC) contents during 7-year N addition experiment conducted in two typical alpine coniferous plantation forests and explored the associations of microbial functional traits and multitrophic traits with soil MNC accumulation under N addition. Our findings revealed that N addition promoted MNC accumulation and increased the microbial r/K ratios, bacterial rrn copy numbers and multitrophic network complexity. The MNC contents were positively correlated with the microbial r/K ratios, rrn copy numbers and multitrophic network complexity. Structural equation modeling suggested that N addition increased the multitrophic network complexity and changed microbial life strategies (increased microbial r/K and bacterial rrn copy numbers) through soil nutrients, which was associated with higher MNC contents. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the promoting effects of N addition on MNC accumulation were jointly associated with microbial life history strategies and multitrophic network complexity. These findings provide novel insights into the conceptual linkage underlying the positive effect of N deposition on soil C sequestration through increased MNC and emphasize the importance of integrating microbial life history strategies and multitrophic interactions into soil carbon cycling models.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Dungang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Min"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Na"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Huajun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1093/jpe/rtag087","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtag087","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155498580","type":"article-journal","title":"Regional variation and prediction model of carbon emissions in the highway construction stage","abstract":"To reveal the regional differentiation characteristics of carbon emissions during the construction phase of expressways and to improve prediction accuracy, six typical expressway projects located in the plain, hilly, and mountainous regions of Anhui Province were selected as case studies. A carbon emission accounting model for the construction phase was established based on the life cycle assessment method, and the effects of the bridge-tunnel ratio, subproject structure, and material and energy consumption on carbon emission intensity were systematically analyzed. On this basis, a regional carbon emission prediction model was developed and optimized using data from 21 completed expressways across the province. The results indicate that carbon emission intensity exhibits a significant topographic gradient, with mountainous regions showing higher values than hilly regions, and hilly regions higher than plain regions. The maximum carbon emission intensity in mountainous projects reaches 5.27 × 10⁷ kg CO₂/km, which is 2.86 times that of plain regions. As terrain complexity increases, the carbon emission structure shifts from being dominated by subgrade engineering and interchange engineering to being dominated by structural engineering, such as bridges and tunnels. In mountainous regions, emissions from structural engineering account for more than 50% of the total emissions. At the material level, cement and steel are identified as the primary emission sources, jointly accounting for 78% of total emissions in mountainous projects, and demonstrating the highest sensitivity to variations in total emissions. The prediction results show that the baseline model using the bridge-tunnel ratio as a single variable achieves a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.69. After incorporating material and energy consumption variables, the optimized XGBoost model improves the coefficient of determination to 0.9517, achieving high-accuracy prediction using only eight categories of material and energy consumption indicators. Based on the analytical results, differentiated emission reduction pathways are proposed. In mountainous regions, priority should be given to optimizing the design of tunnels and interchange engineering and controlling the intensity of high-carbon structural materials. In plain and hilly regions, emphasis should be placed on low-carbon design and construction optimization of bridge and culvert engineering and subgrade engineering. This study provides a data-driven basis for regional carbon emission prediction and emission reduction decision-making during the construction phase of expressways.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Y"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Chunhong"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Shouzhong"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Qing"},{"family":"Mao","given":"Weixing"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Haiyan"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Zhigang"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Dahai"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-026-49521-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-49521-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406781602","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon‐Supported Ni–Cu Bimetallic Nanoparticle Materials for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO2 to CO","abstract":"Electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide is a highly effective method for energy storage. It is essential to explore inexpensive metal catalysts that exhibit high selectivity and yield for carbon monoxide, yet this remains a significant challenge. In this study, carbon‐supported Ni–Cu bimetallic nanoparticles (denoted as NixCuy NPs‐C) are synthesized through low‐temperature carbonization of NixCuy‐ZIF. The carbon matrix effectively prevents the aggregation of Ni/Cu NPs, allowing for a more uniform dispersion that exposes a greater number of active sites. The well‐conductive Ni/Cu particles facilitate electron transfer, contributing to high current density. Electrocatalytic performance tests indicate that the synthesized catalyst can efficiently convert carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, achieving a Faradaic efficiency for CO (FECO) exceeding 90% at potentials from −0.9 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) to −1.1 V (vs. RHE), with a peak FECO of 96.37 % at −1.1 V (vs. RHE) and a total current density of 15.435 mA cm−2.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Yanzhuo"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Tianxia"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Bingzhen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ente.202401820","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401820","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410066512","type":"article-journal","title":"An Integrated Hybrid MCDM Framework for Renewable Energy Prioritization in Sustainable Development","abstract":"Switching to renewable energy is essential for reducing carbon emissions, enhancing energy security, and promoting sustainability. However, the decision-making process is complex, influenced by conflicting factors, uncertainties in expert judgments, and data variability. Existing methodologies often struggle to manage these uncertainties, leading to inconsistent outcomes. This study presents a decision-support framework that employs Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Sets (LiDFS) to more accurately model uncertainty and address these challenges. The Ranking Comparison (RANCOM) method is used to calculate subjective weights, offering a structured, expert-driven approach. In contrast, the Method based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC) determines objective weights, reducing bias and enhancing reliability. The Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) method is then applied to systematically rank available options based on their overall utility. Sensitivity analysis evaluates the impact of weight variations on decision outcomes, while comparative analysis confirms the robustness of the proposed approach. This integrated framework provides a transparent and scientifically grounded methodology to support decision-makers in selecting optimal solutions within the renewable energy sector, effectively addressing uncertainty and conflicting priorities.","author":[{"family":"Jameel","given":"Toqeer"},{"family":"Yasin","given":"Yasir"},{"family":"Riaz","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.31181/sdmap31202640","URL":"https://doi.org/10.31181/sdmap31202640","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410873051","type":"article-journal","title":"Gels for CO 2 geo‐storage and conformance control: A systemic review of behavior and performance","abstract":"Abstract Carbon capture and storage (CCS) remains one of the most feasible techniques for the control of Greenhouse gas emission levels. However, there will always be risks attached to the subsurface injection of CO 2 . These could be in the form of leakages from the injection wellbore due to completion failure; escape of the injected CO 2 to neighboring aquifers due to the heterogeneous or fractured nature of the storage site; or seepage at the surface due to inadequacy of the sealing cap rock. While all these may occur, the most cost‐effective and timely way to reduce the risk of leakages is by plugging the pathways. This is done using either traditional Cementous materials or more augmented sealants like organic gels and resins. A lot of studies in the literature have described this collection of materials within the context of CO 2 conformance control. So also, there are reviews on the classification and description of these chemicals. This review provides a more systemic evaluation of these classes of chemicals. This is by providing critical analyses of how external factors like CO 2 , pH, brine salinity and hardness, rock mineralogy, pressure, temperature, and injectivity could affect the performance of different sealants that can be utilized. Based on these assessments, best practices for the application of the sealants, both at the testing stage in the laboratory and the pilot stage and field deployment, are suggested.","author":[{"family":"Afolabi","given":"Funsho"},{"family":"Dzulkarnain","given":"Iskandar"},{"family":"Kwon","given":"Sunil"},{"family":"Martyushev","given":"Dmitriy"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Jang"},{"family":"Jufar","given":"Shiferaw"},{"family":"Alakbari","given":"Fahd"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/dug2.70027","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dug2.70027","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410997902","type":"article-journal","title":"Review of Hydrogen Storage in Solid-State Materials","abstract":"As a kind of clean energy, hydrogen energy has great potential to reduce environmental pollution and provide efficient energy conversion, and the key to its efficient utilization is to develop safe, economical and portable hydrogen storage technology. At present, hydrogen storage technology lags behind hydrogen production and use, which is the bottleneck restricting the development of hydrogen energy. In this paper, several current solid-state hydrogen storage methods are reviewed, including hydrate hydrogen storage, alloy hydrogen storage and MOF hydrogen storage. At the hydrogen storage density level, the hydrogen storage capacity of 1K-MOF-5 can reach 4.23 wt% at 77 K and 10 MPa, and remains basically unchanged in 20 isothermal adsorption and desorption experiments. At the level of temperature and pressure of hydrogen storage, the alloy can realize hydrogen storage under ambient conditions. At the economic level, the cost of hydrogen storage in hydrates is only USD 5–8 per kilogram, with almost zero carbon emissions. Through the analysis, it can be seen that the above solid-state hydrogen storage technologies have their own advantages. Although hydrate hydrogen storage is lower than alloy materials and MOF materials in hydrogen storage density, it still has huge potential for utilization space because of its low cost and simple preparation methods. This paper further provides a comprehensive review of the existing challenges in hydrate research and outlines prospective directions for the advancement of hydrogen storage technologies.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Gelin"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Deqing"},{"family":"Kang","given":"Zhanxiao"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Jintu"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Shuanshi"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Xuebing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18112930","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112930","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410035125","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of Battery Energy Storage Optimization in the Built Environment","abstract":"The increasing adoption of renewable energy sources necessitates efficient energy storage solutions, with buildings emerging as critical nodes in residential energy systems. This review synthesizes state-of-the-art research on the role of batteries in residential settings, emphasizing their diverse applications, such as energy storage for photovoltaic systems, peak shaving, load shifting, demand response, and backup power. Distinct from prior review studies, our work provides a structured framework categorizing battery applications, spanning individual use, shared systems, and energy communities, and examines modeling techniques like State of Charge estimation and degradation analysis. Highlighting the integration of batteries with renewable infrastructures, we explore multi-objective optimization strategies and hierarchical decomposition methods for effective battery utilization. The findings underscore that advanced battery management systems and technological innovations are aimed at extending battery life and enhancing efficiency. Finally, we identify critical knowledge gaps and propose directions for future research, with a focus on scaling battery applications to meet operational, economic, and environmental objectives. By bridging theoretical insights with practical applications, this review contributes to advancing the understanding and optimization of residential energy storage systems within the energy transition.","author":[{"family":"Coccato","given":"Simone"},{"family":"Barhmi","given":"Khadija"},{"family":"Lampropoulos","given":"Ioannis"},{"family":"Golroodbari","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Sark","given":"Wilfried"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/batteries11050179","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11050179","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412859751","type":"article-journal","title":"Techno-Economic Evaluation of Carbon Capture and Storage for Combined Cycle Power Generation","abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a major driver of greenhouse gas emissions, which lead to an increase in Earth's temperature and subsequently drive climate change. CO₂ is primarily produced from fossil fuel-based power generation. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a CO₂ capture technology that can be added to fossil fuel power generation. This study evaluates the he technological, financial, and ecological impacts of upgrading CCS technology on a Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) power generation with three blocks. Amine-based post-combustion capture technology is applied in this study. Simulations were performed employing the Integrated Environment Control Model software. The addition of CCS significantly reduces net power output across all blocks. For Block 1, net power declines from 133 MW to 97.6 MW, a 27% reduction, while Block 2 drops by 17%, from 441.7 MW to 368.1 MW. Block 3 shows a 13% decrease, with net power falling from 441.9 MW to 385.5 MW. Thermal efficiency also declines with the installation of CCS. Corresponding efficiency losses are also notable: Block 1 falls from 40.85% to 30%, Block 2 from 45.24% to 37.69%, and Block 3 from 53.89% to 46.79%. The levelized cost of electricity increases considerably alongside CCS implementation, rising by 80% for Block 1 (0.0843 to 0.1522 USD/kWh), 47% for Block 2 (0.0761 to 0.1114 USD/kWh), and 42% for Block 3 (0.06618 to 0.0874 USD/kWh). Sensitivity analysis indicates that LCOE competitiveness with the national weighted average is achievable when carbon prices exceed 145 USD/t CO₂ for Block 1, 90 USD/t CO₂ for Block 2, and 45 USD/t CO₂ for Block 3. These findings emphasize the trade-offs between power generation efficiency, costs, and carbon capture, providing essential insights for future energy policy and CCS adoption strategies.","author":[{"family":"Rahmanta","given":"Mujammil"},{"family":"Cahyo","given":"Nur"},{"family":"Ruly"},{"family":"Hapsari","given":"Tiva"},{"family":"Supriyanto","given":"Eko"},{"family":"Triani","given":"Meiri"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.28991/hij-2025-06-02-04","URL":"https://doi.org/10.28991/hij-2025-06-02-04","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408187050","type":"article-journal","title":"Soil Organic Carbon Assessment for Carbon Farming: A Review","abstract":"This review is motivated by the urgent need to improve soil organic carbon (SOC) assessment methods, which are vital for enhancing soil health, addressing climate change, and promoting carbon farming. By employing a structured approach that involves a systematic literature search, data extraction, and analysis, 86 relevant studies were identified. These studies were evaluated to address the following specific research questions: (a) What are the state-of-the-art approaches in sampling, modeling, and data acquisition? and (b) What are the key challenges, open issues, potential advancements, and future directions needed to enhance the effectiveness of carbon farming practices? The findings indicate that while traditional SOC assessment techniques remain foundational, there is a significant shift towards incorporating model-based methods, machine learning models, proximal spectroscopy, and remote sensing technologies. These emerging approaches primarily serve as complementary to laboratory analyses, enhancing the overall accuracy and reliability of SOC assessments. Despite these advancements, challenges such as soil spatial and temporal variability, high financial costs, and limitations in measurement accuracy continue to hinder progress. This review also highlights the necessity for scalable, cost-effective, and precise SOC measurement tools, alongside supportive policies and incentives that encourage farmer adoption. Finally, the development of a “System-of-Systems” approach that integrates sampling, sensing, and modeling offers a promising pathway to balancing cost and accuracy, ultimately supporting carbon farming practices.","author":[{"family":"Petropoulos","given":"Theodoros"},{"family":"Benos","given":"Lefteris"},{"family":"Busato","given":"Patrizia"},{"family":"Kyriakarakos","given":"George"},{"family":"Katerıs","given":"Dimitrios"},{"family":"Aidonis","given":"Dimitrios"},{"family":"Bochtis","given":"Dionysis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/agriculture15050567","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15050567","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417432185","type":"article-journal","title":"From Innovation to Integration: The Evolving Role of Carbon Capture and Storage in Global Decarbonization","abstract":"ABSTRACT Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has evolved from a conceptual mitigation option into a cornerstone of global decarbonization strategies. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of CCS’s technological, intellectual, and institutional evolution, emphasizing its transition from isolated engineering applications to system‐wide integration. Drawing on a bibliometric analysis of more than 19,000 publications (2001–2025) from the Web of Science Core Collection visualized through CiteSpace, we map the global research landscape and reveal the field’s thematic shift from capture and sequestration processes toward integrated approaches that couple CCS with hydrogen, bioenergy, and digital optimization frameworks. Technologically, CCS has advanced through three primary pathways—post‐combustion, pre‐combustion, and oxy–fuel combustion—each with distinct capture mechanisms, energy penalties, and retrofit potentials. At the deployment level, CCS expansion remains geographically uneven: industrialized economies such as China, the United States, and the United Kingdom dominate operational capacity, whereas emerging and developing economies face barriers related to infrastructure, financing, and governance. By integrating bibliometric, technological, and comparative analyses, this review develops a multidimensional framework encompassing policy design, institutional capacity, and deployment structure. The findings highlight that CCS’s future effectiveness depends not only on technological efficiency but also on coordinated governance, cross‐border storage networks, and its alignment with broader innovation ecosystems driving the global net‐zero transition.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Nan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Di"},{"family":"Zhan","given":"Yuqing"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Q"},{"family":"Qiao","given":"Yuanting"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Rui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/csc3.70008","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc3.70008","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406186375","type":"article-journal","title":"Process intensification concepts for CO2 methanation − A review","abstract":"• Integrating CCU and PtM can reduce GHGs emissions and produce synthetic natural gas. • Direct Air Capture (DAC) is also a potential CO 2 source for CH 4 production. • Multifunctional reactors (namely, sorption-enhanced and membrane reactors) enhance the methanation reaction. • Dual-function materials (DFMs) improve the ICCU process. • In situ water removal can improve biogas upgrading and CO 2 methanation. The combination of Power-to-Methane (PtM) and Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) concepts allows the simultaneous decrease of the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), and the use of renewable electricity to produce synthetic natural gas (SNG) that can be stored and/or distributed by current gas infrastructure. In this way, CO 2 and green H 2 can be catalytically converted into synthetic methane via CO 2 methanation reaction. This review focuses on studying process intensification strategies in CO 2 methanation by using multifunctional reactors, more specifically units that simultaneously perform chemical reaction and separation processes. Instead of being separated and concentrated in a preliminary stage, the CO 2 present at low concentration in flue gas (≤15 vol%) or in the biogas streams ( ca. 25–50 %) can be captured by adsorption and converted to CH 4 in the same unit. Thus, in this type of device, a mixture of CO 2 adsorbent and methanation catalyst (typically based on Ni or Ru) is placed inside the reactor to combine the two process units into a single device. In the last years, for such type of multifunctional reactor, dual function materials (DFMs) were also prepared and tested. DFM materials simultaneously contain a CO 2 adsorbent and a methanation catalyst; this allows easier reactor packing and having the captured CO 2 near the catalyst active sites during the reactive regeneration step (processing intensification is thus also reached at the particle level, including heat integration). Apart from flue gas sources of CO 2 , some projects related to Direct Air Capture (DAC) of CO 2 are also addressed. Besides that, and for biogas streams, the high CH 4 content ( ca. 50 – 75 %) is unfavorable for the CO 2 methanation reaction due to its reversible nature. Hence, the in situ capture/removal of water, the other reaction product, by using an H 2 O-selective adsorbent or a permselective membrane is also considered and allows to improve the performance of the CO 2 methanation for biogas upgrading application, i.e., by shifting the reaction towards the production of more CH 4 . This concept (sorption-enhanced reactor) also presents benefits when considering other CO 2 streams.","author":[{"family":"Faria","given":"Catarina"},{"family":"Rocha","given":"Cláudio"},{"family":"Miguel","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Rodrigues","given":"Alı́rio"},{"family":"Madeira","given":"Luı́s"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2024.134269","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.134269","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409785533","type":"article-journal","title":"Technical progress and application of global carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage cluster","abstract":"By systematically reviewing the development status of global carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) cluster, and comparing domestic and international CCUS industrial models and successful experiences, this study explores the challenges and strategies for the scaled development of the CCUS industry of China. Globally, the CCUS industry has entered a phase of scaled and clustered development. North America has established a system of key technologies in large-scale CO 2 capture, long-distance pipeline transmission, pipeline network optimization, and large-scale CO 2 flooding for enhanced oil recovery (CO 2 -EOR), with relatively mature cluster development and a gradual shift in industrial model from CO 2 -EOR to geological storage. The CCUS industry of China has developed rapidly across all segments but remains in the early stage of cluster development, facing challenges such as absent business model, insufficient policy support, and technological gaps in core areas. China needs to improve the policy support system to boost enterprises participation across the entire industrial chain, strengthen top-level design and medium- to long-term planning to accelerate demonstration projects construction for whole-process CCUS clusters, advance for a full-chain technological system, including low-cost capture, pipeline optimization and EOR/storage integration technologies, and strengthen personnel training, strengthen discipline construction and university-enterprise research cooperation.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Guofeng"},{"family":"Lyu","given":"Weifeng"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Ji","given":"Zemin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Heng"},{"family":"He","given":"Chang"},{"family":"He","given":"Chunyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/s1876-3804(25)60585-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(25)60585-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410589891","type":"article-journal","title":"Research Progress on Major Influencing Factors of Corrosion Behavior of Pipeline Steel in Supercritical CO2 Environment","abstract":"Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) represents a vital technological strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and facilitating sustainable development. Supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) pipeline transportation serves as an essential intermediary step towards attaining the “Dual Carbon Goals” and CCUS, representing the optimal and most cost-effective solution for ultra-long distance transport. In the CO2 capture process, trace amounts of impurities, such as H2O, O2, H2S, NOx and SOx, are inevitable. These gases react to form acidic compounds, thereby accelerating pipeline corrosion. With the progression of CCUS initiatives, corrosion within supercritical CO2 pipeline transportation has become a critical challenge that significantly affects the safety and integrity of pipeline infrastructure. This review paper provides an in-depth analysis of the corrosion behavior of pipeline materials in a supercritical CO2 environment, with particular attention to the effects of impurity, temperature, and pressure on corrosion rates, corrosion products, and corrosion morphology. Furthermore, an analysis of the corrosive behavior of welded joints in supercritical CO2 transport pipelines is performed to provide valuable reference data for research and construction projects related to these pipelines.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Zhe"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Qian"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Ruijuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma18112424","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18112424","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409946906","type":"article-journal","title":"Monte Carlo Sensitivity Analysis for a Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Whole-Process System","abstract":"Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is an emerging technology with significant potential for large-scale emissions reduction. To reduce the overall system costs of CCUS, this study first establishes a comprehensive economic cost model for the entire CCUS process. Subsequently, a Monte Carlo-based Sobol’ global sensitivity analysis method is proposed to calculate both first-order and total-order sensitivity indices, followed by qualitative and quantitative analyses of parameter sensitivity. Additionally, convergence analyses of the results and their engineering applicability are examined. The findings reveal that the total-order sensitivity indices for electricity price, flue gas inlet flow rate, pipeline diameter, pipeline material price, pipeline inlet pressure, and injection pressure are 0.6578, 0.3857, 0.5585, 0.3823, 0.2205, and 0.1949, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of the other parameters. This indicates that these parameters have a dominant impact on energy consumption costs through the processes of capture and compression, pipeline transportation, and storage injection. These results provide a basis for selecting decision variables when optimizing the entire CCUS process.","author":[{"family":"Han","given":"Zhuo"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Hang"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Dongya"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yurong"},{"family":"Xing","given":"Yupeng"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zixuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13051356","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13051356","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204112546","type":"article-journal","title":"ESG E A DESCARBONIZAÇÃO NA INDÚSTRIA CIMENTEIRA: DESAFIOS, OPORTUNIDADES E ESTRATÉGIAS DE IMPLEMENTAÇÃO","abstract":"A indústria cimenteira desempenha papel estratégico no desenvolvimento da infraestrutura e da construção civil, porém figura entre os setores industriais com maior intensidade de emissões de gases de efeito estufa, especialmente dióxido de carbono (CO₂). Nesse contexto, a incorporação dos princípios ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) destaca-se como uma importante estratégia para promover a sustentabilidade, reduzir os impactos ambientais e fortalecer a competitividade das organizações diante das crescentes exigências regulatórias e do mercado. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os desafios e as oportunidades relacionados à implementação dos princípios ESG na indústria cimenteira, identificando estratégias que contribuam para a transição rumo a uma produção de menor intensidade de carbono. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa, de natureza bibliográfica e documental, fundamentada na análise de artigos científicos, livros, documentos técnicos e relatórios institucionais publicados por organismos nacionais e internacionais. Os dados foram interpretados por meio da análise de conteúdo, possibilitando a organização das informações segundo os pilares Ambiental, Social e Governança. Os resultados evidenciam que a descarbonização da indústria cimenteira depende da adoção integrada de diferentes estratégias, incluindo a melhoria da eficiência energética, o coprocessamento de resíduos, a redução do fator clínquer, a utilização de materiais cimentícios suplementares e o desenvolvimento de tecnologias de captura, utilização e armazenamento de carbono (CCUS). Observou-se ainda que a efetividade dessas estratégias está associada ao fortalecimento das práticas de governança corporativa, da transparência, da gestão de riscos e do relacionamento com trabalhadores, comunidades e demais partes interessadas. Conclui-se que a integração dos princípios ESG representa um importante instrumento para impulsionar a inovação, aumentar a eficiência dos processos produtivos e apoiar a transição da indústria cimenteira para um modelo de desenvolvimento mais sustentável e alinhado aos objetivos globais de mitigação das mudanças climáticas.","author":[{"family":"Silva","given":"Gabriele"},{"family":"Faria","given":"Rebeca"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Elisângela"},{"family":"Cunha","given":"Edileuza"},{"family":"Silva","given":"João"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Carla"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.51891/rease.v12i8.29778","URL":"https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v12i8.29778","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417255473","type":"article-journal","title":"The Riemann problem for three-phase foam flow in porous media","abstract":"Abstract Gas injection in the context of the three-phase flow in porous media appears in applications such as Enhanced Oil Recovery, aquifer remediation, and carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). In general, this technique suffers from a difficulty related to excessive gas mobility, which can be circumvented by using foam. This study addresses the non-linear system of differential equations describing the three-phase foam flow based on Corey relative permeability functions. A major obstacle is an umbilic point, where the characteristic wave velocities for different families coincide, complicating the identification of stable wave structures. We developed a methodology to solve the Riemann problem describing the three-phase foam displacement in the case when the gas viscosity exceeds that of oil and water. To allow the analysis, we assume foam in local equilibrium (or maximum foam texture), resulting in a constant mobility reduction factor (MRF). These simplifications allowed the classification of possible solutions for the injection of foamed gas and water mixtures under a wide range of initial conditions within the framework of non-classical Conservation Law Theory. As a relevant industrial application of the proposed solution, we investigate the conditions resulting in oil bank formation. Besides improving the general physical understanding of foam flow in a porous medium, this analysis can be applied to calibrate numerical simulators and perform uncertainty quantification. Our analytical estimates were validated through numerical simulations.","author":[{"family":"Lozano","given":"Luis"},{"family":"Chapiro","given":"Grigori"},{"family":"Marchesin","given":"D"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s10596-026-10424-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-026-10424-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167281557","type":"article-journal","title":"ADOECIMENTO MENTAL NO TRABALHO EM SAÚDE: INTERFACES ENTRE CONDIÇÕES LABORAIS E DETERMINANTES SOCIAIS","abstract":"A saúde mental dos trabalhadores da saúde tem se consolidado como um tema central no campo da saúde coletiva, especialmente no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde, marcado por sobrecarga assistencial, precarização das relações de trabalho e insuficiência de recursos. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os fatores associados ao adoecimento mental desses trabalhadores. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, realizada entre março e abril de 2026, a partir de buscas nas bases LILACS, SciELO e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, utilizando descritores relacionados à saúde mental, trabalho e SUS. Foram incluídos estudos primários publicados entre 2020 e 2026, disponíveis na íntegra e pertinentes à temática. Os resultados evidenciam elevada prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns, como ansiedade, depressão e estresse, associados principalmente a estressores ocupacionais, como alta demanda de trabalho, baixa autonomia e suporte institucional insuficiente. Observou-se ainda a influência de determinantes sociais, especialmente gênero e raça, evidenciando maior vulnerabilidade entre mulheres e pessoas negras. A análise aponta que o adoecimento mental é um fenômeno multifatorial, relacionado às condições de trabalho e às desigualdades estruturais. Conclui-se que é necessário fortalecer políticas de saúde do trabalhador, promover melhores condições de trabalho e incorporar abordagens interseccionais e preventivas no cuidado à saúde mental desses profissionais.","author":[{"family":"Silva","given":"Cleiton"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Joana"},{"family":"Correia","given":"Marcílio"},{"family":"Lima","given":"Mailla"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Franzoni","given":"Lucas"},{"family":"Felix","given":"Ângela"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.63330/livroautoral602026-001","URL":"https://doi.org/10.63330/livroautoral602026-001","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7157094776","type":"article-journal","title":"Fresh and hardened properties of 3D printed concrete with cement kiln dust and CO 2","abstract":"The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies has become important for reducing CO2 emissions. This study explores the feasibility of using cement kiln dust (CKD) as a partial replacement for cement and CO2 mixing as an in situ carbon sequestration strategy in 3D concrete printing (3DcP) applications. The synergistic effects of CKD and CO2 mixing on the fresh and hardened properties of 3D printable mixes were investigated, including workability, yield stress, plastic viscosity, compressive strength, microstructural properties, and pH. Results showed that the static yield stress increased by more than 100% in the mixes with CKD and CO2 compared to the control. While CKD reduced compressive strength, CO2 injection mitigated this loss through early carbonation. The scanning electron microscopy images revealed increased ettringite formation in CKD samples, and thermogravimetric analysis confirmed up to 2.2% of CO2 uptake upon CO2 integration with CKD.","author":[{"family":"Kopitha","given":"Kirushnapillai"},{"family":"Ramesh","given":"Akilesh"},{"family":"Rajeev","given":"Pathmanathan"},{"family":"Sanjayan","given":"Jay"},{"family":"Elakneswaran","given":"Yogarajah"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1080/21650373.2026.2657017","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2026.2657017","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7166325651","type":"article-journal","title":"Energy Optimization of Methanol Production using CO₂ from Natural Gas Sweetening via Reactor Heat Recovery, Compressor Integration, and Cooling Water Reuse","abstract":"Methanol production via CO₂ hydrogenation is an efficient alternative for supporting energy sustainability and reducing carbon emissions; however, conventional processes still face limitations in energy efficiency and resource utilization. This study aims to optimize the methanol production process through the integration of heat recovery, compressor energy utilization, and water recycling. Simulations were conducted using Aspen HYSYS by comparing baseline process conditions with modified process conditions under the same operating conditions. The results show that integrating heat from the reactor effluent and the cooling unit reduces external energy requirements, while the water recycling system successfully reduces fresh water usage by up to 100%. Additionally, heating energy requirements decreased by 27.21%, and compressor energy needs were fully met through internal energy recovery. From an economic perspective, significant operational cost savings were achieved, particularly in steam consumption, without compromising product quality, as methanol purity remained at 97.91%. Overall, the integration of mass and energy in this process has proven capable of improving efficiency, reducing costs, and supporting the sustainability of CO₂-based methanol production. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by Universitas Diponegoro and BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).","author":[{"family":"Alghiffary","given":"Farrel"},{"family":"Perdana","given":"Jaguar"},{"family":"Thomson","given":"Theona"},{"family":"Karima","given":"Dania"},{"family":"Nathania","given":"Alma"},{"family":"Rahim","given":"Renny"},{"family":"Putri","given":"Cahya"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.9767/jcerp.20705","URL":"https://doi.org/10.9767/jcerp.20705","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7197050018","type":"article-journal","title":"The effect of sumac and cinnamon on lipid profile and quality of life in patients with acute myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes, and overweight/obesity: study protocol for a randomized double-blind controlled trial","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of global mortality, with ischemic heart disease, stroke, and other related conditions contributing to over one-third of deaths worldwide. The rising prevalence of CVDs is driven by aging populations and various risk factors, including poor diet, physical inactivity, and dyslipidemia. Recent studies suggest that natural supplements like sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) may have beneficial effects on lipid profiles and overall cardiovascular health. This study is designed to investigate the combined effects of sumac and cinnamon supplementation on lipid profiles and quality of life in a high-risk population of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), type 2 diabetes, and overweight/obesity. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind controlled trial will involve 76 participants meeting the specified criteria. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: sumac (S), cinnamon (C), a combination of sumac and cinnamon (S + C), or a placebo, for eight weeks. The primary outcome is the change in serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from baseline to week 8. Secondary outcomes include other lipid parameters (HDL-C, TG, TC, VLDL), pain levels, quality of life (QoL), and inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). A Complete Blood Count (CBC) will be performed as well. Blinding success will be assessed using the Bang Blinding Index (BBI). Blood samples will be collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention period to measure the relevant biomarkers. Lipid profiles will be measured using standard photometric/enzymatic methods, while IL-6 and hs-CRP will be assayed using ELISA. Data analysis will involve comparisons between the four groups using ANCOVA, adjusting for baseline values and statin intensity. DISCUSSION: This study will provide valuable insights into the potential of sumac and cinnamon, both individually and in combination, as complementary therapies for managing lipid profiles and improving the quality of life in patients with CVDs. The findings could contribute to the development of novel dietary interventions aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk and promoting heart health. Additionally, the study will explore the combined effect of sumac and cinnamon, offering insights into whether their joint use provides synergistic benefits beyond those observed with each supplement individually. TRIAL STATUS: Version 4.1 - Protocol, dated 10 June 2026. Recruitment will commence on February 10, 2026. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (irct.ir) IRCT20150711023153N5 ( https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/70581 ). Registered on 6 December 2023.","author":[{"family":"Golmohammadi","given":"Ashkan"},{"family":"Peikar","given":"Amir"},{"family":"Karımpour","given":"Farzad"},{"family":"Bagheri","given":"F"},{"family":"Panahande","given":"Seyed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s40842-026-00326-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40842-026-00326-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7202361585","type":"article-journal","title":"Nurse–Patient Communication and Its Impact on Patient Satisfaction: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study at a Secondary-Care Public Hospital in Kohat, Pakistan","abstract":"Communication between nurses and patients is one of the most consistently cited determinants of patient satisfaction with nursing care. While international and Pakistani evidence broadly links effective nurse-patient communication to higher satisfaction, site-specific data from secondary-care public-sector hospitals in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa remain limited. The study aimed to evaluate nurse-patient communication and patient satisfaction among admitted patients at District Headquarter (DHQ) Hospital Kohat. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 adult inpatients recruited by convenience sampling from the Medical, Surgical, Gynecological/Obstetric, Orthopedic, Pediatric, and ICU/CCU departments of DHQ Hospital Kohat. Data were collected using a structured, interviewer-assisted questionnaire comprising demographic items, a 10-item nurse-patient communication scale, and a 10-item patient satisfaction scale, both scored on a 5-point Likert format (composite range 10–50). Data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, independent-samples t-tests, and one-way ANOVA, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. The mean composite communication score was 37.8 (SD 6.2) out of 50, with 55% of patients rating communication as good. The mean composite satisfaction score was 38.9 (SD 6.5) out of 50, with 60% of patients classified as satisfied. Communication was rated weakest for keeping patients informed about their condition and care plan (58% positive) and strongest for maintaining privacy during communication (82% positive); satisfaction followed a parallel pattern, lowest for information given about the medical condition (55% positive) and highest for overall courtesy and respect (80% positive). Communication and satisfaction scores were strongly and positively correlated (r = 0.65, p < 0.001). Patient education level was significantly associated with satisfaction (p = 0.021), and length of hospital stay was significantly associated with communication scores (p = 0.045); age, gender, and ward were not significantly associated with either variable (p > 0.05). In summary, nurse-patient communication and patient satisfaction at DHQ Hospital Kohat were both moderately positive but shared a specific, recurring gap around informing patients about their condition and care plan. Given a strong correlation between communication and satisfaction, targeted communication-skills training focused on patient information-sharing is recommended to improve overall satisfaction with nursing care.","author":[{"family":"Qubais","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Kamran"},{"family":"Ullah","given":"Aziz"},{"family":"Ahmad","given":"Mushtaq"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Mazhar"},{"family":"Ahmad","given":"Fawad"},{"family":"Tanveer","given":"Masab"},{"family":"Kheyam","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Ilyas","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.61424/ijmhr.v4i3.975","URL":"https://doi.org/10.61424/ijmhr.v4i3.975","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411675465","type":"article-journal","title":"Innovation in Geotechnical Engineering Equipment, Intelligent Digitalization, and Green Zero-Carbon Technologies: Current Developments and Future Directions at TYUT","abstract":"This thesis presents an extensive review of recent developments in geotechnical engineering, a field essential for ensuring the stability and safety of infrastructure. It concentrates on three key areas: the adoption of intelligent digitalization algorithms, advancements in geotechnical equipment, and the implementation of sustainable, zero-carbon strategies. These elements reflect the evolving nature of engineering, which now emphasizes efficiency, performance, and environmental responsibility. The first section explores the role of intelligent digitalization algorithms in geotechnical engineering. These advanced algorithms are increasingly being utilized to improve data processing and decision-making. By leveraging big data and machine learning, engineers can now analyze large volumes of information to predict ground behavior and assess potential risks more precisely. This capability enhances design accuracy and optimizes construction methodologies, ultimately leading to more resilient and secure structures. The second area of focus is the emergence of innovative geotechnical equipment that is transforming the industry. Technological progress has led to the creation of sophisticated tools and machinery that enhance both the accuracy and efficiency of geotechnical investigations. Examples of such innovations include automated drilling systems, high-resolution geophysical imaging techniques, and state-of-the-art monitoring devices that provide real-time data on soil conditions. These advancements not only improve the reliability of geotechnical data but also significantly cut down the time and costs associated with site investigations. The third key topic addressed in this thesis is the importance of integrating green, zero-carbon strategies into geotechnical engineering. With increasing awareness of climate change, the engineering sector faces growing pressure to develop environmentally sustainable solutions. This section discusses various approaches, such as the use of eco-friendly materials, the optimization of construction methods to minimize waste, and the incorporation of renewable energy into engineering designs. The objective is to ensure that engineering practices are not only technically robust but also aligned with global sustainability goals. This research draws upon contributions from leading academic and research institutions worldwide, showcasing a wealth of expertise in geotechnical engineering. By analyzing a range of studies and case examples, the paper highlights key technological advancements and anticipates future industry trends. The thesis underscores the necessity of continuous research and collaboration to address emerging challenges and ensure ongoing progress in the field. A particularly notable contributor to geotechnical engineering research is Taiyuan University of Technology. This institution has played a significant role in pioneering innovative research that integrates cutting-edge technologies and sustainable practices. The thesis details the university’s ongoing projects, collaborations with industry leaders, and contributions to global research initiatives, illustrating its dynamic role in advancing the discipline. Additionally, the thesis suggests several potential research directions for the future of geotechnical engineering. These include further exploration of artificial intelligence in predictive modeling, the development of smart materials that adapt to environmental conditions, and the enhancement of infrastructure resilience against climate change. By identifying these areas for further study, the paper provides a foundation for future research initiatives that could bring about transformative advancements in geotechnical engineering. In conclusion, this thesis not only provides a comprehensive review of significant progress in geotechnical engineering but also emphasizes the necessity of continued innovation to tackle global challenges. By focusing on digitalization, technological ","author":[{"family":"Hasan","given":"Md"},{"family":"Hasan","given":"Md"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Yinuo"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jiahao"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Hongwei"},{"family":"He","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Rahman","given":"Mm"},{"family":"Sharmin","given":"Sharmin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.59324/ejsmt.2025.1(2).01","URL":"https://doi.org/10.59324/ejsmt.2025.1(2).01","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7169795029","type":"article-journal","title":"Emissions and Impacts of the Cement Industry Sector Through a Review of Mitigation Technologies and Ecological Risks","abstract":"This study reviewed 187 articles based on systematic review guidelines to evaluate pollution controls through a novel analytical multimedia framework that bridges air, water, soil, and acoustic compartments, alongside emerging digital and circular economy paradigms. With 5–7% of worldwide CO2 emissions originating in the cement industry, fugitive particulate matter constitutes more than 90% of a plant’s emissions. The results show that the cement sector has considerable potential for decarbonization, though highly context-dependent. Under optimal conditions, clinker substitution coupled with alternative fuels could reduce direct emissions by up to 50% and total energy usage by 44%, constrained by regional material availability. Fully integrated carbon capture systems (TRL 7–9) could reduce exhaust emissions by up to 90%, contingent upon overcoming significant energy penalties. Engineering controls in dry-process mills reduced daily occupational noise exposure from 102.9 to 88.3 dB(A). Regarding soil pollution, cement kiln dust increased the unconfined compressive strength of native soils up to 9.9 times for geotechnical stabilization. In water management, hybrid biological systems removed 94.5% of particulate matter and reduced oxygen demand by over 87%, while advanced biomonitoring decreased effluent toxicity by over 90%. The significance of this study lies in overcoming traditional siloed assessments by introducing a holistic multimedia framework that maps biogeochemical interconnectivity alongside Industry 4.0 paradigms. Ultimately, this review provides a vital sociotechnical road map for stakeholders to align localized ecological risk mitigation with stringent 2026 global market mechanisms, such as the carbon border adjustment mechanism and mandatory environmental, social and governance disclosures, ensuring both industrial competitiveness and environmental stewardship.","author":[{"family":"Georgin","given":"Jordana"},{"family":"Franco","given":"Dison"},{"family":"Ramos","given":"Claudete"},{"family":"Messaoudi","given":"Noureddine"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18147383","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18147383","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160619799","type":"article-journal","title":"Peran Kebijakan Pajak Terhadap Carbon Emission Dan Corporate Environmental Behavior: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis","abstract":"THE ROLE OF TAX POLICY ON CARBON EMISSIONS AND CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW This study examines the role of tax policy on carbon emissions and corporate environmental behavior using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The study applies the PRISMA method to analyze 50 Scopus-indexed journal articles (Q1–Q3) published between 2020 and 2026. The findings indicate that environmental tax policies, such as carbon tax and green tax, generally reduce carbon emissions by increasing the cost of carbon-intensive activities, thereby encouraging energy efficiency, reduced fossil fuel consumption, and the adoption of low-carbon technologies. Furthermore, tax policy plays an important role in shaping corporate environmental behavior by promoting green investment, improving operational efficiency, and encouraging sustainable business practices. However, several studies report mixed results, indicating that the effectiveness of tax policy depends on policy design, tax rates, institutional quality, and supporting regulations. Therefore, tax policy should be carefully designed and integrated with other instruments to achieve optimal environmental outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Ayu","given":"Cahyani"},{"family":"Savitri","given":"Jeanne"},{"family":"Fuadah","given":"Luk"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.33751/jmp.v14i1.89","URL":"https://doi.org/10.33751/jmp.v14i1.89","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7164125605","type":"article-journal","title":"CO2 desorption and conversion over hydrotalcite in a plasma-sorbent system","abstract":"Developing efficient CO 2 capture and conversion technologies is crucial for carbon circularity and climate mitigation. In this paper, we investigate a plasma-sorbent system using hydrotalcite packed in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor that achieves integrated desorption and in-situ CO 2 conversion. DBD plasma enables sorbent regeneration while combining both processes in one compact step. The result from our study showed that plasma could desorb 0.22 mmol/g of dry-captured CO 2 with > 60% conversion efficiency within 600 s. In the case of humid-captured CO 2 , higher desorption was achieved with 0.68 mmol/g over 20 min, but conversion is lower (15.8%). This reveals two roles of water: enhancing adsorption capacity while suppressing in-situ conversion. Notably, plasma-assisted desorption was incomplete, leaving part of the CO 2 un-desorbed, highlighting a limitation in the present plasma-sorbent system. Thermal effects from plasma heating contribute significantly alongside non-thermal pathways. The results offer insights into plasma-sorbent interactions, supporting the development of plasma-sorbent systems for integrated CCU.","author":[{"family":"Arun","given":"Pranav"},{"family":"Villantieri","given":"Ludovica"},{"family":"Biasi","given":"Pierdomenico"},{"family":"Gallucci","given":"Fausto"},{"family":"Li","given":"Sirui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jcou.2026.103493","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2026.103493","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7170196766","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge Regarding Early Recognition and Management of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome at Tertiary Hospitals in Karachi","abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) representing a significant proportion of these cases. Nurses play a critical role in the early recognition and management of ACS; however, knowledge gaps may compromise patient outcomes and timely interventions. Objectives: To assess practicing nurses' knowledge in recognizing and managing patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) at tertiary care centers in Karachi. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 240 registered nurses recruited from CCU, ICU, HDU, and Emergency Departments of three tertiary care hospitals using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured 20-item questionnaire. Normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (age: KS=0.087, p=0.068; knowledge scores: KS=0.092, p=0.052), and associations were examined using chi-square tests, with significance set at p<0.050. Results: Among 240 participants, 132 (55%) demonstrated excellent knowledge, 60 (25%) good knowledge, 24 (10%) average knowledge, and 24 (10%) poor knowledge. Significant associations were found between knowledge level and age (p=0.003), gender (p=0.045), and qualification (p=0.043), while experience showed no significant association (p=0.660). However, the borderline significance of gender (p=0.045) and qualification (p=0.043) associations should be interpreted cautiously, as p-values close to the 0.050 threshold indicate that relatively small changes in sample composition or data distribution could potentially affect statistical significance. Conclusions: While 80% of nurses demonstrated satisfactory ACS knowledge, notable deficiencies in ECG interpretation and pharmacological management require targeted educational interventions. Regular continuing education, simulation-based training, and competency assessment programs are recommended to enhance nursing competencies in ACS care at tertiary care settings.","author":[{"family":"Siddiqui","given":"Farrukh"},{"family":"Yaqoob","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Rehman","given":"Sunita"},{"family":"Shakeel","given":"Sana"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Danish"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54393/nrs.v6i2.238","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54393/nrs.v6i2.238","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7154749662","type":"article-journal","title":"Yersinia enterocolitica O:3 Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Platform for Complement Activation","abstract":"Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major component of the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Gram-negative bacteria. We hypothesized that OMVs-induced complement activation contributes to the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Yersinia enterocolitica O:3 (YeO3) variants synthesizing LPS of various chemotypes (S, Ra, Rd1, Re) were used as model microorganisms. OMVs activated complement more potently than parental bacteria or homologous LPS, independently of chemotype. A high molecular weight polysaccharide fraction, distinct from LPS, was recognized by serum mannose-binding lectin (MBL). In vivo experiments demonstrated that complement depletion weakened the hallmarks of OMVs-induced SIRS in mice. LPS chemotype affected the biodistribution of OMVs and long O-specific polysaccharide protected them from clearance. Chemotype influenced OMVs secretion with their highest release by bacteria with LPS reduced to the inner core and lipid A (Rd1). The shift from environmental to host's temperature stimulated secretion of smaller OMVs, with less-toxic, tetra-acyl lipid A. Our data are consistent with a contribution of OMVs to Yersinia pathogenicity through complement activation. Their potency as complex virulence factor is influenced by size, length of oligo-/polysaccharide chain, and lipid A form. This study comprehensively characterizes OMV-complement interactions in YeO3, extending the knowledge of mechanisms previously established for other Gram-negative bacteria.","author":[{"family":"Battaglino","given":"Cédric"},{"family":"Bodnaruk","given":"Iryna"},{"family":"Czyszczoń","given":"Paula"},{"family":"Skurnik","given":"Mikael"},{"family":"Filippsurska","given":"Beata"},{"family":"Jarych","given":"Dariusz"},{"family":"Maciejewska","given":"Anna"},{"family":"Gadzinowski","given":"Mariusz"},{"family":"Malik","given":"Kamil"},{"family":"Potocka","given":"Izabela"},{"family":"Migdał","given":"Paweł"},{"family":"Kruszakin","given":"Roksana"},{"family":"Cedzyński","given":"Maciej"},{"family":"Kasperkiewicz","given":"Katarzyna"},{"family":"Łukasiewicz","given":"Jolanta"},{"family":"Świerzko","given":"Anna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/jev2.70270","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jev2.70270","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165913482","type":"article-journal","title":"A Proactive Risk Assessment of Central Line Care Following a CLABSI Cluster","abstract":"Background: After an 18-month period with no Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSIs), the Critical Care Unit (CCU) at OUMC experienced a cluster of two CLABSIs and one related non-CLABSI event in the first quarter of 2025. This occurred despite established prevention protocols, including daily line necessity rounds, use of MAGIC guidelines for vascular access, universal decolonization, and ongoing staff education, which had successfully lowered infection rates since 2022. All three affected patients were intubated, had an internal jugular (IJ) central venous catheter, and presented with Candida species in their blood and sputum, signaling a potential common etiology. Methods: In response, a multidisciplinary team was convened in April 2025 to conduct a proactive risk assessment using the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) methodology. The FMEA focused on ensuring adherence to the evidence-based policy for central line insertion and maintenance. The team comprised intensivists, interventional radiologists, chief residents, nursing leadership, infection prevention specialists, and a patient safety coordinator to represent all facets of the central line process. Results: The FMEA systematically evaluated potential failures in central line necessity, insertion, maintenance, removal, and environmental cleaning. By calculating Risk Profile Numbers (RPNs), the team identified several high-risk process steps. The highest initial RPN (486) was attributed to the potential for insufficient ultrasound probe cleaning due to improper technique and reliance on visual inspection alone. Other significant failure modes included inconsistent terminal cleaning of patient rooms (RPN 315), potential contamination of IJ lines from patient secretions (RPN 216), lack of role clarity during the insertion procedure (RPN 192), and the use of a single needle for multiple insertion attempts (RPN 189). The cumulative initial RPN for all identified failure modes was 2798. Conclusion: The FMEA proved to be an effective tool for identifying systemic vulnerabilities that contributed to the CLABSI cluster. The analysis led to the implementation of targeted corrective actions, including re-education on and audited monitoring of ultrasound probe cleaning, the introduction of single-use gel packets and individual introducer needles, clarification of the safety observer's role during insertion, and enhanced protocols for protecting IJ dressings. Following these interventions, the total RPN was successfully reduced to 1763. This proactive, systematic approach enabled the team to address specific gaps in practice and reinforce safety protocols to prevent future CLABSI events. No further CLABSIs have been identified since these interventions.","author":[{"family":"Bland","given":"Jayme"},{"family":"Kerr","given":"Nancy"},{"family":"Pasco","given":"Karen"},{"family":"Armstrong","given":"Jill"},{"family":"Kellner","given":"Cara"},{"family":"Giambona","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Dwivedi","given":"Sn"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1017/ash.2026.10694","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ash.2026.10694","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165136411","type":"article-journal","title":"Pathways to a Green Transition in Kerala: Economic and Employment Impacts from a State-Level Integrated Assessment","abstract":"Regional modeling is essential for assessing the impacts of environmental policies in countries with significant regional diversity. It is particularly important for a resource-constrained state like Kerala (India), which depends heavily on electricity imports from other states. The novelty of this study lies in the development of a state-level Integrated Assessment Model (IAM) that links a recursive multi-regional dynamic computable general equilibrium model with a bottom-up energy model, considering region-specific parameters. To the best of our knowledge, such a state-level regional modeling framework for India has not been developed in the existing literature, thereby addressing an important research gap in assessing region-specific pathways and policy impacts. This paper explores the economic and employment implications of the green transition for Kerala. The contributions to the literature are (a) regional modeling; (b) a framework and assessment of the impact of green transition considering the interlinkage between the state, the rest of India, and the rest of the world; and (c) estimation of required investment and effect on employment generation. The findings suggest that reducing fossil electricity imports without expanding renewable energy infrastructure may constrain economic growth (Policy Scenario 1). In contrast, investments in local renewable energy capacity through revenue recycling, along with improvements in energy efficiency and productivity (Policy Scenario 2), can enhance economic returns and generate more employment. There is an increase in real state domestic product, consumption, investment, returns to factors, and employment in Policy Scenario 2 as compared to the baseline and Policy Scenario 1. Both final energy requirement for fossil fuel and emissions are also lower in Policy Scenario 2. Energy efficiency can be enhanced through investments in efficient technologies, smart grids, low-emission transport systems, and modern energy infrastructure. Productivity improvements require skill development, innovation-oriented policies, and support for entrepreneurship. Green transition also presents an opportunity for Kerala to strengthen energy security through the expansion of renewables. Received: 28 July 2025 | Revised: 11 May 2026 | Accepted: 22 May 2026 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement Data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Author Contribution Statement Sanjib Pohit: Conceptualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review &editing, Supervision, Project administration. Chetana Chaudhuri: Conceptualization, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. Anindya Bhattacharya: Conceptualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Supervision, Project administration. Somya Mathur: Methodology, Software, Visualization. P L Beena: Conceptualization, Supervision. Devender Pratap: Methodology, Software, Data curation. Mohit Kumar Meena: Methodology, Software, Visualization. Hrushikesh Mallik: Resources. Ritika Jain: Resources. Malavika Thampi: Data curation.","author":[{"family":"Pohit","given":"Sanjib"},{"family":"Chaudhuri","given":"Chetana"},{"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Anindya"},{"family":"Mathur","given":"Somya"},{"family":"Beena","given":"PL"},{"family":"Pratap","given":"Devender"},{"family":"Meena","given":"Mohit"},{"family":"Mallik","given":"Hrushikesh"},{"family":"Jain","given":"Ritika"},{"family":"Thampi","given":"Malavika"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.47852/bonviewglce62026965","URL":"https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewglce62026965","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7127589775","type":"article-journal","title":"Species identification and pathogenicity study of Alternaria fungi causing pear black spot disease in Anhui Province","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Black spot disease is a significant disease during the growth period of pear trees. The species and pathogenicity of Alternaria fungi causing black spot disease in Anhui Province are still unclear. RESULTS: In this study, through phylogenetic analysis of multi-gene tandem sequences, pathogens causing pear black spot disease (PBS) in Anhui Province were identified, primarily Alternaria alternata, Alternaria gaisen and Alternaria tenuissima, with A. alternata being the dominant species (41.18%). The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density of Alt a1 was much higher than that of other genes, and the codon bias was affected by both natural selection and mutation. The codon bias and the amino acid ratio of Alt a1 in A. alternata and A. gaisen were highly consistent, and A. tenuissima was quite different from them. The pathogenicity of A. alternata was significantly negatively correlated with the daily mycelia growth rate, dry weight of mycelia and alternariol production, and significantly positively correlated with tenuazonic acid (TeA) and tentoxin production. TeA might be the main virulence factor in the pathogenic process of A. alternata. CONCLUSION: This study presents novel ideas for classifying Alternaria fungi and provides a theoretical basis for establishing prevention and control technologies for PBS control and toxin reduction. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","author":[{"family":"Meng","given":"Dandan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"M"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xue"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Mingna"},{"family":"Chu","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Tong","given":"Zhou"},{"family":"Yi","given":"Xiaotong"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Tongchun"},{"family":"Duan","given":"Jinsheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ps.70611","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70611","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7159639581","type":"article-journal","title":"CO 2 –N 2 Mixture Viscosity Modelling Using Machine Learning: Towards Sustainable Carbon Capture and Energy Efficiency","abstract":"Accurate determination of the viscosity of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) mixed with nitrogen (N 2 ) is vital for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS/CCS). The determination of this important thermophysical property is usually through costly and time‐consuming experiments, which is not ideal for field recovery planning and rapid decision‐making. On the other hand, the conventional modelling relies largely on equations of state (EoS) and empirical correlations, which can be inaccurate for CO 2 –N 2 viscosity, particularly near supercritical conditions due to simplifying assumptions and limited transferability. Consequently, machine‐learning (ML) methods have gained popularity for fast and accurate prediction. Hence, in this study, ~3036 literature data points spanning pressures of 0.00127–160.99 MPa and temperature of 66.55–575.15 K were collected, cleaned and pre‐processed. Then, using pre‐processed data, several ML models, including gradient boosting (GB), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), LightGBM, CatBoost, random forest, three multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks (MLP‐ANNs), a stacking ensemble and a group method of data handling (GMDH) were developed. The developed models were benchmarked to predict CO 2 –N 2 viscosity as a function of temperature, pressure and the mole fractions of CO 2 –N 2 in the mixture. The analysis of the results indicate that the GB achieved the best performance with a correlation coefficient ( R 2 ) of 0.9933 ± 0.0011, root mean square error (RMSE) of 4.83 ± 0.39 μPa·s and mean absolute error (MAE) of 2.34 ± 0.10 μPa·s (mean ± 95% CI) for the test dataset, outperforming all other ML models and the utilised literature correlations. In addition, based on GMDH, two practical explicit equations within temperature ranges of T < 300 K and T > 300 K that predict the experimental viscosity with high accuracy were proposed. The sensitivity analysis also shows that the pressure has the highest positive impact, while temperature exhibited a comparably strong negative effect on viscosity.","author":[{"family":"Alwerfali","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Faraji","given":"Foad"},{"family":"Abdalqadir","given":"Mardin"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Jagar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1155/er/2452722","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/2452722","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171318464","type":"article-journal","title":"Leakage and Sealing in CO2 Geological Storage: Driving Forces, Resistance and Mechanisms","abstract":"As a key strategy for achieving carbon neutrality, the safety and effectiveness of CO2 geological storage depend on a thorough understanding of leakage dynamics and sealing mechanisms. Adopting a multi‑scale perspective spanning pore, core, reservoir, site, and basin levels, this review systematically examines the structural characteristics of storage and migration spaces, identifies primary leakage pathways governed by faults, caprocks, and wellbores, and classifies dominant leakage modes. To address common conceptual ambiguities and scale‑disconnect issues in conventional studies, we propose a unified multi‑scale definition framework based on the “object–process–boundary” concept, which clearly distinguishes among migration, transformation, sealing, and leakage behaviors. On this basis, we elucidate the dynamic coupling between driving mechanisms (e.g., buoyancy, pressure perturbation) and resistance mechanisms (e.g., capillary sealing, mineral reactions), and clarify their variations across scales and dimensions. Finally, a closed‑loop “monitoring–prediction–regulation–intervention” framework, centered on stress management, is developed to provide systematic concepts and practical methodologies for risk assessment, monitoring design, and engineering control. This study provides a systematic synthesis across multiple scales, from pores to basins, forming a comprehensive foundation for assessing and ensuring the safety and efficiency of geological carbon storage projects. Article Typre: Research article Cited as: Hao M, Bai B, Wu HQ, et al. 2026. Leakage and Sealing in CO2 Geological Storage: Driving Forces, Resistance and Mechanisms. GeoStorage, 2(2), 106-136.","author":[{"family":"Hao","given":"Min"},{"family":"Bai","given":"Bing"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Haiqing"},{"family":"Lei","given":"Hongwu"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Hengtao"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Qixing"},{"family":"石露"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.46690/gs.2026.02.02","URL":"https://doi.org/10.46690/gs.2026.02.02","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7203949934","type":"article-journal","title":"Electricity-Carbon Integration for Zero-Carbon Industrial Parks: A Systematic Framework from Power System Transformation to Carbon Management","abstract":"Industrial parks are critical hubs of global energy consumption and carbon emissions, contributing approximately one-third of global CO₂ from industrial agglomerations and 31% of China’s total emissions. As the ultimate form of low-carbon transition for these clusters, zero-carbon industrial parks have become a central focus for policymakers and researchers worldwide. This paper presents a systematic framework for zero-carbon industrial parks centered on the concept of electricity-carbon integration–the deep coupling of power systems and carbon management systems. The framework encompasses four technical pillars: (1) real-time monitoring of energy and carbon flows using digital twin technology and dynamic emission factors; (2) coordinated optimization through source-grid-load-storage interaction and electricity-carbon joint dispatch, with virtual power plants (VPPs) as a key enabler; (3) deep decarbonization through mature technologies (e.g., BIPV(Building-Integrated Photovoltaics), waste heat recovery) and negative-emission technologies (e.g., CCUS(Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage), green hydrogen); and (4) closed-loop carbon asset management covering accounting, trading, and compliance. The paper systematically analyzes China’s power market reforms, develops VPP(Virtual Power Plant) aggregation and multi-timescale dispatch models, and establishes a comprehensive carbon monitoring system incorporating top-down atmospheric inversion and bottom-up joint monitoring (mass balance + CEMS(Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems)) with a relative deviation reduced from 19.45% to 0.02%. Hourly dynamic carbon emission factors and product carbon footprint accounting methods aligned with international “3-pillar” principles are also developed. Three national-level pilot zero-carbon parks in Datong, Yangjiang, and Yibin demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed framework, achieving renewable energy penetration rates exceeding 95% and carbon emission intensity reductions of over 50% for Scopes 1 and 2(the core optimization targets of the electricity-carbon dispatch model), while a supplementary Scope 3 accounting module provides full-chain carbon inventory for certification purposes. Based on these findings, the paper proposes the theoretical concept of the Electricity-Carbon Symbiotic Complex (ECSC), which reconceptualizes the relationship between power systems and carbon management from causality to symbiosis, enabling four-dimensional synergies: emission reduction, supply security, cost reduction, and efficiency improvement. Policy recommendations include establishing national technical guidelines for electricity-carbon integration, accelerating the convergence of VPPs with carbon management platforms, and piloting hourly dynamic carbon factors in carbon trading and green power certification.","author":[{"family":"Hong","given":"Lu"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Diao","given":"Chunyan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jianfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.70737/wkrt1307","URL":"https://doi.org/10.70737/wkrt1307","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7151603637","type":"article-journal","title":"Evaluation of Bone Marrow Aspirations and Biopsy Finding in Patients with Pancytopenia","abstract":"Background/Introduction: Nutritional deficiencies, bone marrow failure, and malignancies are just a few of the many causes of pancytopenia, a common hematological condition marked by a decrease in all three blood cell lineages. Appropriate management requires an accurate diagnosis. Trephine biopsy (BMB) and bone marrow aspiration (BMA) are essential tools for assessing these patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in patients who present with pancytopenia and to determine the diagnostic utility of both procedures. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out at the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Bettiah, Bihar, over the course of a year (25 January 2025– 25 January 2026). There were 200 patients in all who met the requirements for pancytopenia. Comprehensive laboratory, hematological, and clinical data were documented. In every case, a trephine biopsy and bone marrow aspiration were carried out, followed by morphological evaluation and any necessary ancillary tests. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: Of the patients, 40% were between the ages of 21 and 40, and 59% were male. Fever (55%), pallor (81%), and generalized weakness (85%) were common clinical features. In 52% of cases, a bone marrow examination showed hypercellular marrow. Megaloblastic anemia accounted for 40% of the cases, with aplastic anemia coming in second at 18%, acute leukemias at 15%, and myelodysplastic syndrome at 7%. In 77% of cases, bone marrow aspiration alone was diagnostic; in 23% of cases, biopsy yielded additional or confirmatory information, especially in cases involving hypocellular marrow, fibrosis, focal infiltration, and dry tap. In 82% of cases, aspiration and biopsy results were in agreement. Conclusion: The most common cause of pancytopenia in this group is still megaloblastic anemia. Although bone marrow aspiration is a useful first diagnostic method, trephine biopsy greatly improves diagnostic precision, particularly in certain situations. For the best assessment of pancytopenia, both methods must be used in conjunction with clinical correlation.","author":[{"family":"Kumari","given":"Rimjhim"},{"family":"Kumari","given":"Rakhi"},{"family":"Prasad","given":"Rabindra"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Pradeep"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.25258/ijpqa.17.3.15","URL":"https://doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.17.3.15","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7164308243","type":"article-journal","title":"Adsorption Behavior and Storage Capacity Prediction of CO 2 Injection into High-Rank Coal","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide CO 2 geological sequestration (CCUS) serves as a critical technological pathway to achieve the strategic goal of the “dual-carbon” initiative. Coal seams characterized by dual porosity represent a favorable geological structure for storing carbon dioxide. The adsorption characteristics and storage capacity of CO 2 in the coal seam are the core indexes to evaluate the feasibility of CO 2 injection and storage. Anthracite samples from the south of the Qinshui basin were selected for multi-physical field-coupled CO 2 isothermal adsorption experiments. This study investigates the adsorption behavior of high-rank coal samples toward CO 2, compares the applicability of various theoretical adsorption models, selects the optimal one to build a storage capacity prediction model, and evaluates the CO 2 storage potential of high-rank coal seams. The results indicate that pressure has a positive effect on the adsorption of CO 2 (before reaching the supercritical state), while temperature inhibits the adsorption of CO 2 by coal samples. With the increase in water saturation, the adsorption capacity of coal samples for CO 2 gradually decreases. The theoretical model of micropore filling (the D–A model) has good applicability for predicting the adsorption of CO 2 in coal samples. On the basis of experimental results, estimation models for CO 2 content under different occurrence states and a predictive model for total storage capacity were established. The content of each CO 2 occurrence state is influenced by factors such as formation temperature, pressure, and water saturation. CO 2 is mainly stored in coal reservoirs in the form of adsorption. With increasing burial depth, the proportion of free-state CO 2 shows an increasing trend, while the content of dissolved-state CO 2 exhibits a decreasing trend. The synergistic evolution of three states determines the vertical zoning of the CO 2 storage capacity. These findings advance the understanding of storage mechanisms following CO 2 injection into high-rank coal reservoirs and provide a quantitative method for assessing the feasibility and storage potential of such injections.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Jinxiao"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Chen"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Lingling"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Junzhe"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.6c01373","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.6c01373","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W7167212434","type":"article-journal","title":"COMO AS DESIGUALDADES REGIONAIS INFLUENCIAM A OCORRÊNCIA DA SÍFILIS NO BRASIL: EVIDÊNCIAS DE UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA","abstract":"A sífilis permanece como um importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil, com aumento de casos nas últimas décadas, especialmente na forma congênita, refletindo fragilidades na atenção pré-natal e desigualdades sociais e regionais que influenciam o acesso e a qualidade dos serviços de saúde. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar como as desigualdades regionais influenciam a ocorrência da sífilis no Brasil. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, realizada nos meses de março e abril de 2026, a partir de buscas nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando os descritores “Sífilis”, “Sífilis Congênita” e “Vigilância Epidemiológica”. Foram incluídos estudos primários publicados entre 2020 e 2026, disponíveis na íntegra e relacionados ao contexto brasileiro. Ao final, nove estudos compuseram a amostra, além da análise do Boletim Epidemiológico de Sífilis do Ministério da Saúde. Os resultados evidenciam que a sífilis apresenta distribuição heterogênea no território nacional, associada a desigualdades socioeconômicas e regionais. Fatores como baixa escolaridade, vulnerabilidade social e acesso limitado aos serviços de saúde influenciam o diagnóstico tardio e o tratamento inadequado. Além disso, fragilidades na qualidade do pré-natal, mesmo em cenários de alta cobertura, contribuem para a persistência da sífilis congênita. Diferenças na infraestrutura dos serviços e na capacidade de vigilância também impactam a ocorrência e o registro da doença. Conclui-se que as desigualdades regionais influenciam significativamente a ocorrência da sífilis no Brasil, evidenciando a necessidade de fortalecer a Atenção Primária à Saúde, qualificar o cuidado pré-natal e reduzir iniquidades sociais, sendo fundamentais estratégias integradas e equitativas para o controle da doença e a eliminação da sífilis congênita.","author":[{"family":"Silva","given":"Cleiton"},{"family":"Macambira","given":"Simone"},{"family":"Andrade","given":"Regina"},{"family":"Ferreira","given":"Roseane"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.63330/livroautoral602026-002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.63330/livroautoral602026-002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7162106470","type":"article-journal","title":"Association between glycemic variability and mortality after coronary stent implantation in critically ill patients: a retrospective cohort study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Glycemic variability (GV) has been associated with adverse outcomes in critical illness; however, its prognostic relevance in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation remains unclear. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed 2,427 adult patients who underwent coronary stent implantation and were admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) or cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU) using data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Glycemic variability (GV) was defined as the coefficient of variation of blood glucose (standard deviation/mean ×100%). The primary and secondary outcomes were in-hospital and 365-day all-cause mortality. Associations were assessed using multivariable Cox models. Nonlinear relationships, survival differences, discriminative ability, and mediation effects were evaluated using restricted cubic splines, Kaplan-Meier analysis, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and mediation analysis, respectively. External validation was performed in the eICU Collaborative Research Database. RESULTS: Patients in the highest GV quartile had significantly higher risks of in-hospital mortality (HR 2.58, 95% CI 1.30, 5.13) and 365-day mortality (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.20, 2.60) compared with those in the lowest quartile. A significant trend across GV quartiles was observed (p for trend < 0.01), although excess risk was primarily driven by the highest quartile. These associations were consistent across analyses and were externally validated. Mediation analysis indicated that blood urea nitrogen accounted for 7.7% and 10.3% of the association, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated glycemic variability (GV) was independently associated with increased risks of in-hospital and 365-day all-cause mortality after coronary stent implantation. GV may serve as a simple and clinically accessible marker for risk stratification in this population.","author":[{"family":"Xiang","given":"Xiao"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Xiao"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Li"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Meng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jian"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yin"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Ping"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12872-026-06005-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-026-06005-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163411187","type":"article-journal","title":"Myxedema Coma Presenting as Ogilvie Syndrome with Type 2 Respiratory Failure in an Elderly Male with Pre-existing Deaf mutism: A Diagnostic and Management Challenge","abstract":"Background: Myxedema coma is the most severe, life-threatening manifestation of hypothyroidism, characterised by multiorgan dysfunction with reported mortality rates of 25–60% even with optimal intensive care. Its co-occurrence with acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie syndrome) - a condition of massive colonic dilatation without mechanical obstruction - is exceedingly rare and constitutes a formidable diagnostic trap, particularly in patients with communication barriers. Case Summary: We report a 70-year-old deaf-and-dumb male who presented to the emergency room with a 10-day history of constipation, progressive generalised weakness, abdominal distension, and a markedly reduced level of consciousness. Clinical features included hypothermia (95°F), bradycardia, facial puffiness, dry skin, brittle hair, pallor, cold peripheries, and a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 9/15 on admission. Severe primary hypothyroidism was confirmed (TSH 60.00 mIU/L; T3 0.46 nmol/L; T4 0.08 nmol/L). The Popoveniuc Myxedema Coma Diagnostic Score was 170 - firmly in the highly diagnostic range (>60). CT abdomen/pelvis revealed dilated large bowel loops loaded with faecal matter consistent with Ogilvie syndrome without mechanical obstruction. Serial ABG documented worsening Type 2 Respiratory Failure with mixed acidosis. The patient required emergency intubation, vasopressor support, and was escalated to a Critical Care Unit (CCU). Management included IV fluids, inotropes and vasopressors, IV hydrocortisone, oral levothyroxine loading (300 mg stat then 200 mg 8-hourly), IV antibiotics, and enema/laxatives for colonic decompression. Progressive thrombocytopenia and ventilator-associated pneumonia complicated the hospital course; the patient did not tolerate repeated extubation attempts and tracheostomy was declined by family. Conclusion: This case highlights an uncommonly reported dual diagnosis of myxedema coma and Ogilvie syndrome with multiorgan failure in a geriatric patient with communication impairment, demonstrating the compounded diagnostic challenge. A Popoveniuc score of 170 signified extremely high severity and poor prognosis. Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for hypothyroidism-driven gastrointestinal pseudo-obstruction in elderly patients presenting with unexplained bowel dysmotility and altered sensorium, even in the absence of a prior thyroid disease history","author":[{"family":"Goud","given":"GP"},{"family":"Shashank","given":"Ailu"},{"family":"Ks","given":"Puneeth"},{"family":"Niharika","given":"Rupireddy"},{"family":"Chandrasekaran","given":"Nirmala"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.25258/ijddt.16.44s.114","URL":"https://doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.16.44s.114","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125700573","type":"article-journal","title":"Análise das lesões pré-malignas identificadas no exame citopatológico de mulheres atendidas em um laboratório particular de Aracaju","abstract":"Introdução: O câncer do colo do útero (CCU) é uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade entre mulheres em todo o mundo. A detecção precoce de lesões precursoras por meio do exame citopatológico é fundamental para o controle, monitoramento e prevenção da doença. Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência das lesões pré-malignas identificadas no exame citopatológico de mulheres atendidas em um laboratório particular em Aracaju. Método: Trata-se de estudo transversal e retrospectivo, no qual foram analisados resultados de exames citopatológicos realizados entre 2022 e 2023. A obtenção dos dados ocorreu por meio do sistema PATHOWEB. O laudo do exame fornece informações quanto à positividade ou negatividade para lesões pré-malignas, incluindo: lesão intraepitelial escamosa de baixo grau (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion – LSIL), atipias em células escamosas de significado indeterminado (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance – ASC-US), atipias em células escamosas de significado indeterminado com possibilidade de lesão de alto grau (atypical squamous cells – cannot exclude HSIL – ASC-H) e lesão intraepitelial escamosa de alto grau (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion – HSIL). A análise estatística foi realizada no Microsoft Excel 2013. Resultados: Durante o período de estudo, foram realizados 28.062 exames citopatológicos, dos quais 0,45% (127/28.062) apresentaram resultados positivos para lesões pré-malignas do CCU, como ASC-US, LSIL, ASC-H e HSIL. A maioria dos casos positivos, 76,4% (97/127), correspondeu a ASC-US, seguida por LSIL (19,7%; 25/127), HSIL (2,3%; 3/127) e ASC-H (1,6%; 2/127). A análise por faixa etária demonstrou maior prevalência de ASC-US e LSIL em mulheres jovens, especialmente entre 21 e 40 anos, enquanto as lesões de maior gravidade foram mais frequentes em mulheres a partir dos 41 anos. Conclusão: Observou-se baixa prevalência de lesões pré-malignas do colo do útero. No entanto, a predominância de atipias celulares, especialmente entre mulheres jovens, reforça a importância da realização regular do exame citopatológico para a detecção precoce de alterações.","author":[{"family":"Marcena","given":"Adamo"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Rafaela"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Barbara"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Ryan"},{"family":"Cardoso","given":"Vanessa"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Layza"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Fernanda"},{"family":"Alves","given":"Andrea"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5327/1516-3180.cbpc/ml.16621","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.cbpc/ml.16621","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167464410","type":"article-journal","title":"Brucellosis: The Great Mimicker Presenting as Acute Myocarditis and Pyrexia of Unknown Origin in Dhaka, Bangladesh","abstract":"Background: Brucellosis is a pervasive zoonotic disease transmissible from vertebrate animals to humans. Despite dietary habits that typically contain unpasteurized milk, close contact with cattle during religious festivals and urban farming facilitates aerosolised transmission. The diagnosis is also challenging as it usually remains silent, and often patients come up with complications. This infectious disease has major public health implications and imposes considerable economic strain, especially in areas with insufficient food safety, hygiene and vet care.Case Presentation: A 38-year-old diabetic male presented with a four-month history of undulating fever, cough, and fatigue. He was previously misdiagnosed with seasonal flu. Clinical examination revealed hypotension (85/60 mmHg) and mild anaemia, but no organomegaly. While blood cultures were negative, a Triple Antigen Test showed significantly elevated titers for B. abortus (1:640) and B. melitensis (1:320). During hospitalisation, the patient developed chest pain; subsequent ECG changes (T-inversion in V1) and elevated Troponin-I (0.640 ng/ml) suggested acute myocarditis. He was successfully treated with oral doxycycline and intravenous gentamicin. Conclusion: This case underscores the emergence of human brucellosis in urban Bangladesh. Its non-specific, undulating symptoms make diagnosis challenging, posing a significant public health concern. EWMCJ Vol. 14, No. 2, July 2026: 245-250","author":[{"family":"Muhib","given":"Mushtaq"},{"family":"Faruk","given":"Abdullah"},{"family":"Sunny","given":"Saidur"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Zubaer"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3329/ewmcj.v14i2.88123","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ewmcj.v14i2.88123","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414435966","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Emission Prediction and Carbon Compliance Plan Recommendations for Hebei Province's Iron and Steel Industry under the Expansion of the National Carbon Market","abstract":"Under the background of the national carbon market expansion, this paper addresses the challenges posed by the large scale of Hebei Province's iron and steel industry and the inadequacy of traditional prediction models to meet practical demands. Based on the emission factor method, this paper calculates the carbon emissions of the iron and steel industry in Hebei Province from 2000 to 2021 and establishes a carbon emission prediction model for the industry by applying a genetic algorithm (GA) optimized BP neural network based on six influencing factors of carbon emissions. The model is used to simulate and predict carbon emissions of Hebei Province from 2022 to 2030, along with an analysis of carbon compliance plans for Hebei Province's iron and steel industry entering the national carbon market. The results indicate that carbon emissions will continue to rise, reaching a phased peak of 369.3361 million tons in 2026, followed by a slow growth trend. This paper aims to provide theoretical support for government decision-making and to facilitate the integration of Hebei Province's iron and steel industry into the national carbon market.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Xiangming"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Yuehan"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Chenguang"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Fangyuan"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Shiyao"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Zhao"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xinyue"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiangfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1145/3760023.3760032","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3760023.3760032","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155066770","type":"article-journal","title":"The Use of Modern Hybrid Membranes for CO2 Separation from Synthetic and Industrial Gas Mixtures in Light of the Energy Transition","abstract":"The global energy transition and the implementation of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) strategies require energy-efficient and scalable CO2 separation technologies. Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs), combining polymer matrices with functional inorganic or hybrid nanofillers, have emerged as advanced separation platforms capable of surpassing the conventional permeability–selectivity trade-off observed in neat polymer membranes. This review critically evaluates recent developments in modern hybrid membranes for CO2 separation from synthetic and industrial gas mixtures, including CO2/N2 (flue gas), CO2/CH4 (natural gas and biogas upgrading), and syngas systems. Particular emphasis is placed on MMMs incorporating covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), graphene oxide (GO), MXenes, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), g-C3N4, layered double hydroxides (LDH), zeolites, metal oxides, and magnetic nanoparticles. Reported performance ranges include CO2 permeability (PCO2) typically between 100 and 800 Barrer, CO2/N2 selectivity up to 319, and CO2/CH4 selectivity up to 249, depending on filler chemistry, loading, and interfacial compatibility. The mechanisms governing gas transport—molecular sieving, selective adsorption, facilitated transport, and diffusion-pathway engineering—are systematically discussed. Key challenges addressed include filler dispersion, polymer–filler interfacial defects, physical aging, moisture sensitivity, oxidation (particularly in MXenes), and scalability toward industrial membrane modules. Future perspectives focus on sub-nanometer pore engineering, surface functionalization to enhance CO2 affinity, controlled alignment of 2D nanosheets to promote directional transport, multifunctional core–shell and hollow structures, and the integration of computational modeling and machine learning for accelerated material design. Modern hybrid MMMs are identified as strategically important materials enabling high-efficiency CO2 separation processes aligned with decarbonization and energy transition objectives.","author":[{"family":"Rybak","given":"Aleksandra"},{"family":"Rybak","given":"Aleksandra"},{"family":"Rybak","given":"Aurelia"},{"family":"Rybak","given":"Aurelia"},{"family":"Joostberens","given":"Jarosław"},{"family":"Kolev","given":"Spas"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19082002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19082002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7202281525","type":"article-journal","title":"Numerical Simulation of Water‐Rock Reaction for CO 2 Sequestration in Sandstone Reservoir","abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change represents one of the most pressing global challenges facing humanity. Under the framework of the national climate change strategy, Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) is currently regarded as the only viable technology capable of achieving large‐scale, near‐zero‐emission utilization of fossil energy, thereby contributing significantly to the carbon neutrality goal of China. In this study, the brine layer of the Jilin Oilfield was selected as the research target, and numerical simulation of CO 2 ‐formation water‐rock reactions was conducted using the TOUGHREACT software. The effects of CO 2 injection on reservoir fluid pH, mineral transformation, and ion concentrations in formation water were systematically analyzed. The simulation results indicate that both dissolution and precipitation reactions occurred simultaneously in the acidic CO 2 solution, with the pH of the formation water stabilizing at approximately 4.8. Overall, the reaction system exhibited a tendency for magnesite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, illite, and dolomite to precipitate, while albite, chlorite, and calcite were prone to dissolution. Different mineral assemblages were generated at various stages of the reaction process. The dissolution of CO 2 increased rock porosity and permeability. However, the magnitude of these changes was relatively minor, exerting little influence on the CO 2 injection capacity. The findings of this study provide valuable experimental references and theoretical support for CO 2 sequestration in saline aquifers of the Jilin Oilfield.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yunhai"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Shaoqing"},{"family":"Qing","given":"Li"},{"family":"Jinlong","given":"Li"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Song"},{"family":"Xingyu","given":"Chen"},{"family":"Bo","given":"Yang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/eng2.70694","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70694","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7203679000","type":"article-journal","title":"O Petróleo e a biossorção - fibras de coco: fundamentos, caracterização e aplicação","abstract":"Atua em projetos de pesquisa e consultorias técnicas nas áreas de bioprocessos, remediação de áreas impactadas por derramamentos de petróleo, desenvolvimento de biossorventes de origem lignocelulósica e processos de Captura, Utilização e Armazenamento de Carbono (CCUS), com foco em soluções inovadoras e sustentáveis.Desenvolve pesquisas em modelagem cinética e de equilíbrio de sorção, caracterização de materiais biológicos, análise de componentes orgânicos e inorgânicos em ambientes naturais e petróleo, além da aplicação de biotecnologias voltadas à remediação ambiental e à mitigação das mudanças climáticas.É inventora de patentes relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de biossorventes para remediação de derramamentos de petróleo e autora de artigos científicos publicados em periódicos internacionais de elevado impacto científico.Integra a equipe do Laboratório de Estudos do Petróleo (LEPETRO), participa de projetos de pesquisa voltados à remediação ambiental e ao desenvolvimento de soluções sustentáveis para ecossistemas costeiros, e é membro dos grupos de pesquisa BTS -Biogeoquímica de Ecossistemas Marinhos Tropicais e Soluções Baseadas na Natureza e Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biomateriais.","author":[{"family":"Cardoso","given":"Célia"},{"family":"Moreira","given":"Ícaro"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Olívia"},{"family":"Lobato","given":"Ana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.36229/978-65-5866-696-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36229/978-65-5866-696-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7172136097","type":"article-journal","title":"A desinformação e as principais limitações para o enfrentamento do câncer de colo de útero: um desafio para a saúde pública","abstract":"O câncer do colo do útero permanece como um relevante problema de saúde pública no Brasil, sobretudo em regiões marcadas por vulnerabilidades socioeconômicas e limitações no acesso aos serviços de saúde, apesar de ser uma doença prevenível e com elevado potencial de cura quando diagnosticada precocemente. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o nível de conhecimento de mulheres residentes no município de Jequié, Bahia, acerca do câncer do colo do útero, seus fatores de risco, formas de prevenção e a influência do processo de desinformação na adesão às práticas preventivas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem quantitativa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, realizada com 70 mulheres com idades entre 18 e 64 anos, no mês de março de 2026, por meio da aplicação de um questionário estruturado em formato digital. Os dados foram analisados com base em estatística descritiva, permitindo identificar padrões de conhecimento e lacunas informacionais. Os resultados evidenciaram que, embora a maioria das participantes relate conhecer a doença e o vírus HPV, ainda há déficits significativos quanto à compreensão da etiologia, da periodicidade adequada do exame citopatológico e da importância da vacinação. Observou-se também baixa adesão ao exame Papanicolau e à vacinação, além da influência de fatores emocionais e socioculturais, como medo, vergonha e tabus, que dificultam a busca por serviços de saúde. Adicionalmente, verificou-se a presença expressiva de desinformação, especialmente no ambiente digital, contribuindo para dúvidas e inseguranças quanto às práticas preventivas. Constatou-se, ainda, que grande parte das participantes manifesta interesse em receber mais orientações confiáveis. Conclui-se que a desinformação constitui um dos principais entraves para o enfrentamento do câncer do colo do útero, sendo imprescindível o fortalecimento de estratégias educativas, ações de promoção da saúde e práticas de cuidado humanizadas no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde, visando ampliar o acesso à informação qualificada e reduzir a incidência e mortalidade da doença.","author":[{"family":"Santos","given":"Élida"},{"family":"Sales","given":"George"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Gisele"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Luiz"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Maria"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54899/dcs.v23i92.6421","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54899/dcs.v23i92.6421","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7169033260","type":"article-journal","title":"Modern Anti-Corruption Policy in the USA, EU, and Ukraine: Medico-Pharmaceutical Law as the Basic of Forensic Pharmaceutical and Criminal Research on the Exclusion of Criminal Actions in Healthcare Institutions","abstract":"The article considers the problem of corruption as a systemic phenomenon in the field of health care and the pharmaceutical sector in the context of European and national challenges. Estimates of economic losses from corruption in the EU countries are given, as well as the level of its perception among the population and businesses is analyzed. It is determined that corruption has a multi-level nature and manifests itself both in open forms (bribery, abuse of power) and in hidden practices (conflict of interest, favoritism, \"revolving doors\"), in the processes of public procurement of medicines. The need to shift the emphasis from the detection of offenses to their prevention through the introduction of comprehensive preventive measures has been substantiated. It is proposed to strengthen the role of educational and scientific institutions in the formation of legal awareness of medical and pharmaceutical workers, to integrate anti-corruption topics into continuous professional development programs, as well as to expand interdepartmental cooperation between public administration and control bodies. It is shown that the implementation of EU and US anti-corruption standards in the legislation of Ukraine, as well as the implementation of the Anti-Corruption Strategy for 2026–2030, create preconditions for reducing the level of corruption, increasing the transparency of the healthcare system, and restoring public trust in the medical and pharmaceutical sector.","author":[{"family":"Вейц","given":"Олександр"},{"family":"Shapovalov","given":"Valentyn"},{"family":"Shapovalov","given":"Valerii"},{"family":"Diachenko","given":"Andrii"},{"family":"Nelson","given":"Emma"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.53933/fsr0fb46","URL":"https://doi.org/10.53933/fsr0fb46","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155209869","type":"article-journal","title":"Global and National CO 2 Emission from Lime Production Process and Carbonation sink from 1930 to 2024","abstract":"Abstract. Accurate quantification of both lime process emissions and carbonation sink is essential for the Global Carbon Budget (GCB). By extending temporal coverage (1930–2024), refining spatial resolution (11 major lime-producing countries), and expanding system boundaries (adding Blast Furnace Slag, BFS), this study constructs the first standardized dataset of lime CO2 process emissions and carbonation sink covering 81.09 % of global lime production. We estimate cumulative global lime process emissions are 15.29 Gt CO2 (95 % CI: 13.81–16.79 Gt CO2), with the construction and metallurgical sectors serving as primary sources, contributing 5.80 Gt CO₂ (37.92 %) and 5.04 Gt CO₂ (32.95 %), respectively. During the same period, cumulative lime carbonation sink reached 7.33 Gt CO₂ (95 % CI: 5.95–8.88 Gt CO₂), achieving a carbon offset ratio (cement carbonation sink to process emission) of 47.65 %, which is 8.32 % increase compared with Bing et al. (2023). The lime carbonation sink in 2024 accounted for approximately 1.5 %–2 % of the global terrestrial carbon sink in 2023. China is the main contributor, with cumulative emissions of 8.89 Gt CO₂ (58.13 % of the global total) and cumulative carbonation sink of 4.21 Gt CO₂ (57.45 % globally) from 1930 to 2024. Lime‑stabilized soil (LSS, 36.53 %), mortar (MOR, 18.66 %), steel slag (SS, 17.73 %), and blast furnace slag (BFS, 12.83 %) were the primary carbon uptake materials, collectively accounting for 85.75 % of the total carbonation sink. Significant regional disparities were pronounced: developed countries (e.g., those in Europe, the United States, Japan, and Australia) have already peaked in lime process carbon emissions, with net emissions gradually approaching zero. In contrast, developing countries such as China and Brazil continue to exhibit growth in both emissions and carbonation sink. Although their carbon‑offset levels exceed 50 %, they face substantial pressure to reduce total emissions. This dataset provides critical data for incorporating the lime carbonation sink into the Global Carbon Budget. It also contributes to optimizing global carbon modelling and regional carbon‑neutrality pathways. The dataset is archived on Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18616060 (Bing et al., 2026).","author":[{"family":"Bing","given":"Longfei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xi"},{"family":"Niu","given":"Li"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jiaoyue"},{"family":"Li","given":"JC"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Xue"},{"family":"Xi","given":"Fengming"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.5194/essd-2026-218","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-218","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168164992","type":"article-journal","title":"Use of the Teach-Back Method in Adults with Cardiovascular Disease: A Scoping Review","abstract":"Background: Teach-Back is a structured communication strategy increasingly used in patient education to enhance understanding and self-management, particularly among people with complex chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease. Aim: To explore and map how Teach-Back has been applied in adults with cardiovascular disease and to describe outcomes assessed in the literature. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis and the PRISMA-ScR checklist. MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched up to January 2026. Studies involving adult patients with cardiovascular disease receiving Teach-Back–based interventions were included. Data were charted and synthesized descriptively, focusing on intervention characteristics, delivery contexts, and reported outcomes. Results: Eighteen studies were included, with heart failure being the most frequently investigated condition. Teach-Back was delivered across hospital, outpatient, and home-care settings, often as part of multicomponent educational or transitional-care interventions. Outcomes were grouped into five domains: knowledge and understanding, self-care and adherence, clinical outcomes, healthcare utilization, and patient-reported outcomes. Improvements were most consistently reported for knowledge, understanding, self-care, and adherence, whereas findings on readmissions and other clinical outcomes were less homogenous. Conclusions: Teach-Back appears particularly relevant for cardiovascular nursing practice at points of high-risk communication, including discharge, early post-discharge follow-up, and self-management reinforcement. As a low-resource strategy, it may support nurses in verifying patient understanding and reducing misinterpretation during care transitions. Future studies should standardize delivery, training, fidelity monitoring, documentation, and outcome measurement.","author":[{"family":"Rosa","given":"Débora"},{"family":"Nardin","given":"ED"},{"family":"Aristolao","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Ccana","given":"Richard"},{"family":"Poliani","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Manara","given":"Duilio"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/healthcare14142093","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14142093","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168733955","type":"article-journal","title":"Effect of CO2 injection rate and roughness on fracture activation mechanism","abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) represent an effective decarbonization pathway that can accelerate achievement of dual-carbon targets. However, during geological CO2 storage, the injection rate and fault roughness are critical factors influencing the risk of fault activation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To address this, this study simulated the fault activation process through shear slip of fractures in a laboratory setting, systematically conducting triaxial shear-seepage tests on sandstone fractures under varying CO2 injection rates and roughness conditions. The morphology of the fracture surfaces before and after the tests was reconstructed and analyzed using a 3D scanner. The results indicate that: (1) The critical activation pressure of the fracture increases with the CO2 injection rate but decreases with increasing fracture roughness. (2) As either the CO2 injection rate or roughness increases, the time required for fracture activation during the injection-driven phase decreases. The deformation mechanism gradually shifts from being predominantly governed by shear slip to being co-controlled by shear slip and normal displacement, with normal displacement occurring prior to shear slip. (3) For smooth fractures, changes in surface morphology post-activation are negligible, and permeability increases only slightly. In contrast, for rough fractures, surface roughness decreases significantly after activation; however, permeability increases substantially due to the dilation effect. The findings of this research provide a theoretical reference for optimizing injection strategies and warning against fault instability risks in CO2 geological storage.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Man"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Zhixiong"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Dianbin"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Dawei"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Fujian"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Hui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0606","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0606","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131294786","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon dioxide equivalent emissions and cost impact of non-clinically driven inhaler initiation or switch for COPD","abstract":"Objective Inhaled medicines are the foundation of respiratory disease care. However, pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDI) contain propellants with global warming potential. Efforts to reduce healthcare-related carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions have driven non-clinical switches to dry powder inhalers (DPIs) in some countries, potentially impacting patient outcomes. This study assesses CO2e emissions and cost impact of non-clinically driven single inhaler triple therapy (SITT) initiation or inhaler switch in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the UK, Sweden, and Denmark.Methods A literature review informed a cost and CO2e budget impact model. Sensitivity analyses explored parameter variations; additional analysis examined expected impact of introducing pMDIs with next-generation propellants (NGPs) from 2026.Results Projections of environmentally driven inhaler policies for 2024 − 2028 showed unexpectedly lower CO2e emission reductions (kgCO2e) (UK= −15,400,340, Sweden= −824,682, Denmark= −384,683) and increased healthcare costs (in millions) (UK=£563.5; Sweden=€37.4; Denmark=€30.3). Higher CO2e emissions related to COPD exacerbations offset ∼65 − 70% of anticipated inhaler-related CO2e savings. Continuing these switch policies after introduction of pMDIs with NGPs completely negated CO2e savings, resulting in a 12–13-fold increase in total CO2e emissions.Conclusion CO2e emission savings with non-clinically driven DPI use within the SITT class are offset by increased emissions from poorer clinical control and healthcare use. Prescribing policies/guidelines preferring DPIs over pMDIs for environmental reasons should be updated, recognizing that pMDIs with NGP have a greenhouse gas footprint similar to DPIs. Optimal COPD management through evidence-based guidelines and appropriate inhaler selection is crucial to minimizing carbon footprint and healthcare resource utilization while improving patient outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Parsekar","given":"Krishnali"},{"family":"Xydopoulos","given":"Georgios"},{"family":"Yousef","given":"Abdelhamid"},{"family":"Agathangelou","given":"George"},{"family":"Fordham","given":"Richard"},{"family":"Köping-Höggård","given":"Magnus"},{"family":"Marshall","given":"Jonathan"},{"family":"Petersen","given":"Dorthe"},{"family":"Rustignoli","given":"Isabella"},{"family":"Soto","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Bell","given":"John"},{"family":"Tansey-Dwyer","given":"Deniz"},{"family":"Os","given":"Usmani"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1080/03007995.2026.2628120","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2026.2628120","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204470513","type":"article-journal","title":"The potential of syngas as a central mediator for a carbon-agnostic circular economy","abstract":"Carbon is the foundation of life and industrial production, but the current use of fossil-based carbon in a linear economy leads to climate breakdown with global ecological consequences. To mitigate the effects of the climate catastrophe, transitioning from a fossil-based linear economy to a circular carbon economy requires scalable strategies that do not compete with arable land resources. Accordingly, processes for the utilization of waste streams from various sources including CO2 must be established to enable circularity. Here, we propose synthesis gas (syngas; CO, H2 and CO2) as a universal, homogenized hub feedstock that decouples upstream waste heterogeneity from downstream chemical and biotechnological manufacturing. We review established and emerging routes for syngas production from biogenic and fossil-derived wastes and discuss their integration with thermocatalytic upgrading and biological gas fermentation. Advances in aerobic and anaerobic microbial assimilation and hybrid abiotic-biotic systems enable the selective conversion of syngas and syngas-derived intermediates such as methanol, acetate and ethanol into a broad spectrum of fuels, chemicals and materials. We argue that syngas-based value chains provide a flexible, carbon-agnostic platform for closing carbon loops across sectors and geographies. Realizing this vision will require (i) further quantitative exploration to identify optimal waste-to-product strategies; (ii) continued innovation in catalyst and bioprocess engineering, continuous operation concepts; and (iii) supportive policy frameworks that incentivize chemical recycling and gas-based carbon utilization as core pillars of the circular economy. Bioprocesses utilising waste streams must be established to enable sustainability. Here the authors propose synthesis gas (syngas; CO, H2 and CO2) as a universal feedstock to decouple upstream waste heterogeneity from downstream chemical and biotechnological manufacturing.","author":[{"family":"Krüsemann","given":"Jan"},{"family":"Köpke","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Blombach","given":"Bastian"},{"family":"Leger","given":"Dorian"},{"family":"Lindner","given":"Steffen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-026-76965-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76965-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7166657147","type":"article-journal","title":"Subsurface storage of CO₂, H₂, and natural gas: A review of site-selection criteria and decision-support approaches","abstract":"The transition to a low-carbon energy system and the emergence of a hydrogen economy have increased the need for large-scale, reliable subsurface storage of carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and natural gas. Selecting suitable storage sites requires balancing geological, technical, environmental, economic, and social criteria, while accounting for the distinct physical and chemical behaviors of each gas and the intended service (e.g., permanent sequestration vs. cyclic storage). This paper adopts a unified, gas-aware framework to synthesize site-selection criteria and decision-support methods for subsurface gas storage across the principal geological options: deep saline aquifers, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs, and salt caverns. The study examines decision-making approaches ranging from conventional multi-criteria decision-making and fuzzy extensions to Geographic Information System-based spatial analysis, reservoir simulation, and emerging machine-learning techniques for large-scale screening and uncertainty quantification and mitigation. Drawing on global case studies, it identifies methodological limitations, gas-specific knowledge gaps, and data challenges that constrain confident site selection, particularly for hydrogen storage in deep saline aquifers and depleted reservoirs, including reactivity and microbial consumption risks, purity and mixing constraints, and cushion-gas economics. Future directions emphasize the need for integrated, explainable, and adaptive decision frameworks tailored to gas-specific behaviors and storage contexts; expanded large-scale H2 demonstrations in saline aquifers and depleted reservoirs; tighter coupling of monitoring, modeling, and decision tools throughout the project lifecycle; and regulatory frameworks that clarify long-term liability and strengthen public engagement and trust. Collectively, these insights provide a structured basis for developing robust and transparent decision pathways for strategic subsurface storage in support of energy-transition objectives. Document Type: Original article Cited as: Duah, P., Johnson, M. B., & Aryana, S. A. (2026). Subsurface storage of CO2, H2, and natural gas: A review of site-selection criteria and decision-support approaches. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 20(3), 277-293. https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2026.06.08","author":[{"family":"Duah","given":"Prince"},{"family":"Johnson","given":"Mathew"},{"family":"Aryana","given":"Saman"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.46690/ager.2026.06.08","URL":"https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2026.06.08","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163528988","type":"article-journal","title":"Clinico-Radiological Assessment of Concomitant Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Bacterial Pneumonia in Patients with Fungal Culture-Positive Bronchoalveolar Lavage","abstract":"Background: Polymicrobial pulmonary infections involving fungi, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and bacterial pathogens present significant diagnostic challenges owing to overlapping clinical and radiological features. This study aimed to characterize the clinico-radiological spectrum of concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and bacterial pneumonia in patients with fungal culture-positive bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from a high-burden TB setting in northern India. Methods: We conducted a five-year retrospective observational study of 193 patients with fungal culture-positive BAL samples obtained between January 2021 and January 2026 at Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida, India. Samples were evaluated using Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) smear microscopy, GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA), bacterial culture with VITEK® 2 Compact automated identification (bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Étoile, France), and HighResolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) of the chest. Results: The median age was 58 years (range 55–60) with a male-to-female ratio of 1.8:1. Radiological data were available for 99 patients (51.3%). Concomitant bacterial co-infection was present in 43 cases (22.3%) and concomitant PTB co-infection—defined as ZN smear and/or GeneXpert positivity—in 51 cases (26.4%). Candida species predominated (71%), followed by Aspergillus species (14%). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common bacterial copathogen (15/43; 34.9%). Cavitary lesions were the most frequent radiological finding across all groups (58.8%, 39.1%, 44.0%). Bronchiectasis was significantly associated with isolated fungal infection (15.7% vs 4.3% and 4.0%; p=0.02). Diabetes mellitus was a significant risk factor for isolated fungal infection (p=0.016). Mixed fungal infections were identified in 16.3% of bacterial and 11.8% of TB co-infection cases. Conclusions: Substantial radiological overlap among fungal, mycobacterial, and bacterial pneumonias precludes definitive etiological diagnosis by imaging alone. Bronchiectasis and diabetes mellitus emerged as significant independent markers. Comprehensive BAL-based microbiological workup combining fungal culture, bacterial culture, ZN smear, and GeneXpert testing is essential for accurate diagnosis in settings with high TB burden.","author":[{"family":"Mahajan","given":"Supriya"},{"family":"Kaushal","given":"Komal"},{"family":"Gaur","given":"Lipika"},{"family":"Burathoki","given":"Chimi"},{"family":"Dadwal","given":"Deepshika"},{"family":"Nazar","given":"Ayesha"},{"family":"Randhawa","given":"VS"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.25258/ijddt.16.45s.102","URL":"https://doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.16.45s.102","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167213295","type":"article-journal","title":"Recasting the Catalytic Legacy of Reverse Water–Gas Shift Reaction: Rational Design Strategies for Selective CO 2 Valorization","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Conspectus Rising atmospheric CO 2 and climate pressures have intensified interest in carbon capture and utilization (CCU). The reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reaction offers a direct route to convert CO 2 into CO, a versatile syngas component for Fischer–Tropsch, methanol synthesis, and other downstream processes, thereby supporting a circular carbon economy. RWGS is inherently challenging: it is endothermic and favored only at high temperatures (>600 °C), which promotes catalyst sintering and high energy demand, while at lower temperatures the competing Sabatier reaction dominates, producing CH 4 over Ni. Catalyst selection further complicates implementation: noble metals (Au, Pt, Rh) offer high CO selectivity but are costly, whereas base metals (Ni, Fe, Cu) are more abundant yet prone to methanation, sintering, or phase instability. Industrial deployment also demands resilience under water-rich environments, high space velocities, and thermal cycling associated with variable renewable H 2 supply. This Account presents our efforts to address these challenges through rational catalyst design guided by three central principles: electronic modulation via promoters to control adsorption and reaction pathways; active phase engineering to tune catalytic functionality and suppress undesired reactions, and structural and interfacial design to enhance stability and durability under realistic conditions. These principles are systematically explored using Ni- and Fe-based catalysts as model systems for scalable CO 2 valorization. Alkali-promoted Ni catalysts, particularly Cs-modified Ni/CeO 2, demonstrate how electronic tuning and metal–support interactions suppress methanation and enable CO-selective RWGS across a wide temperature range. Phase engineering further transforms Ni into phosphide intermetallic (Ni 2 P, Ni 12 P 5 ), introducing active sites that favor CO formation while minimizing hydrogenation pathways. Complementary strategies in Fe-based systems, including MOF-derived Fe/carbon composites and Fe–Cu bimetallics, highlight the role of metal–support and metal–metal interactions in stabilizing active phases and enhancing CO yields. To address deactivation, nanoscale architectural control, such as core–shell and yolk–shell structures, has been employed to mitigate sintering and carbon deposition. Beyond single-function catalysts, dual-function and switchable materials integrate CO 2 capture with catalytic conversion and enable dynamic operation across RWGS, methanation, and dry reforming, providing flexibility under variable process conditions. Mechanistic insights derived from operando spectroscopy reveal how surface defects, promoters, and support redox properties govern reaction pathways, including formate-mediated and redox mechanisms, thereby linking catalyst structure to function. Collectively, these studies demonstrate how integrating electronic, compositional, and structural design strategies can reconcile the competing demands of activity, selectivity, and stability in RWGS catalysis. By bridging mechanistic understanding with practical engineering considerations, this work advances RWGS from a fundamental reaction toward a scalable platform for CO 2 valorization. These insights provide a framework for the design of next-generation catalytic materials and highlight the broader potential of rational materials engineering in enabling sustainable carbon utilization technologies. Looking ahead, operando-guided discovery, AI-assisted materials design, and integration with renewable energy infrastructures will be critical to realizing its full potential.","author":[{"family":"Nawaz","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Odriozola","given":"JA"},{"family":"Reina","given":"Tomás"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/accountsmr.5c00275","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.5c00275","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130646578","type":"article-journal","title":"Modelling and Forecasting Concrete Demand for Sustainable Infrastructure Development in Developing Economies: Evidence from Ghana","abstract":"Rapid urbanization and infrastructure expansion in Ghana have intensified demand for concrete, yet reliable, context-specific forecasting tools to support long-term infrastructure planning and resource management remain limited. Existing demand models are largely developed for advanced economies or focused on cement production rather than final concrete consumption, limiting the applicability to rapid urbanizing developing countries. This study addresses this gap by developing an integrated forecasting framework to quantify and project concrete demand in Ghana. Using time-series data spanning 2000–2025, the study employs a modelling approach that combines the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Error Correction Model (ECM) to examine both short- and long-run relationships between concrete consumption and key macroeconomic indicators, including GDP, population, GDP growth, concrete prices, housing loan interest rates, lending rates, and exchange rates. Forecast results for 2025–2030 indicated a sustained upward trend in concrete consumption, increasing from 39,278.52 m3 in 2026 to 99,430.53 m3 in 2030, with an average annual growth rate of 26.3% and a mean projected demand of 67,730.83 m3. Model evaluation metrics demonstrated high predictive accuracy, confirming the robustness of the proposed framework. The study contributes to the literature on construction demand forecasting by providing a context-specific, empirically validated model of concrete consumption in a developing economy. The findings offer actionable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and construction managers, underscoring the need to proactively scale local production capacity, strengthen supply-chain logistics, and promote sustainable material sourcing to support infrastructure development.","author":[{"family":"Bonney","given":"Stanley"},{"family":"Jianxue","given":"Song"},{"family":"Liphadzi","given":"Murendeni"},{"family":"Adjei","given":"Kofi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings16040850","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16040850","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7203684654","type":"article-journal","title":"Industrial demonstration of low-carbon supplementary cementitious materials prepared via CO2-mineralization of steel slag","abstract":"Background Addressing global climate change and achieving China's \"Dual Carbon\" goals represent pivotal historical imperatives for the current building materials industry.As major carbon emitters, the green and low-carbon transition of the cement and concrete sectors is increasingly urgent.Traditional carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies universally encounter application bottlenecks, such as prohibitive costs and limited sequestration pathways.Utilizing bulk industrial solid wastes, such as steel slag, to directly capture and mineralize CO 2 from industrial flue gas is regarded as a breakthrough strategy that simultaneously achieves low-cost carbon mitigation and the high-value utilization of solid waste.However, chronically constrained by \"bottleneck\" challenges-such as sluggish reaction efficiencies under low CO 2 concentrations and the volume instability of the solid wastes-this technology has largely remained confined to laboratoryscale mechanistic exploration.Consequently, large-scale, safe, and high-value industrial applications have been elusive.Bridging the gap between fundamental theory and engineering demonstration to realize the industrialization of carbon mineralization technology is the core prerequisite for truly unlocking the emission reduction potential of CCUS.Targeting this critical industrial pain point, our research team, led by Professor Liwu Mo at Nanjing Tech University, has a long-standing commitment to the industrial practice of low-carbon cement and concrete, solid waste valorization, and the lowcost capture and utilization of CO 2 .Centered on the core theme of \"CO 2 mineralization of industrial solid wastes and their large-scale application in building materials,\" the team has successfully established the complete industrial translation chain: from elucidating fundamental mechanisms and developing key catalytic technologies to the integration of industrial-grade equipment and processes.Compared with previous studies that mainly focused on laboratory-scale carbonation using high-purity CO 2 or simulated gas, this work","author":[{"family":"Mo","given":"Liwu"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Peng"},{"family":"Zhong","given":"Jingkui"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Shuo"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Maochun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.32604/zkg.2026.085511","URL":"https://doi.org/10.32604/zkg.2026.085511","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7129045601","type":"article-journal","title":"New quaternary composite LDH /bayerite/nitratine/carbon in the hybrid matrix bimetallic NiAl LDH /carbon for CO 2 capture","abstract":"Abstract BACKGROUND Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is a leading greenhouse gas whose levels are perpetually rising. Therefore, the development of new innovative materials and economic CO 2 sequestration techniques is a crucial area of research. We fabricated the novel quaternary nanocomposite material comprising bimetallic NiAl LDH, bayerite, nitratine, and carbon via the hydrothermal method. RESULTS The results revealed that the quaternary composite LDH/Bayerite/Nitratine/Carbon formed in the solid. The formation of bayerite on the LDH/carbon matrix due to excess Al 3+ ions under hydrothermal and alkaline conditions. The nitratine species was in situ formed and trapped within the layered structure of LDH. The nitrogen (N 2 ) isotherm adsorption profile for all quaternary composites demonstrated consistency with mesoporous and lamellar features. The quaternary composite surface area ranged from 12.31 to 16.84 m 2 /g, pore diameters ranged from 30.96 to 43.55 nm, and pore volumes from 0.083 to 0.103 cm 3 g −1 . All composites have a layered configuration of superimposed flakes. The average particle size of the composites ranges from 31.92 to 54.02 nm. The composites reveal CO 2 adsorption capacities ranging from 35.18 to 45.73 mmol/g, exceeding those of most other LDH composites. CONCLUSION New quaternary composite demonstrates significant potential for CO 2 sequestration. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).","author":[{"family":"Nandasari","given":"Tharisa"},{"family":"Muhaimin","given":"Muhaimin"},{"family":"Grasianto","given":"Grasianto"},{"family":"Muttaqii","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Rasool","given":"Akhtar"},{"family":"Wihadi","given":"Muh"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/jctb.70149","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.70149","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415210065","type":"article-journal","title":"Multicarrier Nanoplatforms for Precise Targeting of Cellular Energy Centers in Ischemic Heart Disease Therapy","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Mitochondria, as the core organelle of cellular energy metabolism and fate regulation, not only maintain the balance between myocardial reactive oxygen species ROS and energy metabolism but also regulate key pathological processes such as apoptosis, calcium homeostasis and mPTP opening, which is an important target for IHD treatment. With the aging of the population and the increase of risk factors (such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity), the incidence and prevalence of IHD are still increasing. Although interventional therapy and surgery have achieved certain results, they still face challenges such as reperfusion injury and poor long-term prognosis. In recent years, nanomedicine has shown significant potential for restoring energy supply and breaking the vicious cycle of oxidative stress by virtue of its precise targeting and regulation ability, especially in mitochondrial targeted intervention. Through strategies such as specific ligand recognition, pathological microenvironment responsive drug release, and biomimetic modification, functionalized nanosystems can accurately deliver therapeutic drugs to diseased mitochondria, thereby effectively interfering with the progress of IHD. However, the existing research has not systematically reviewed and discussed the therapeutic strategies and molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial targeted drugs, which is difficult to meet the urgent needs of scientific research and clinical practice. This paper focuses on the core role of mitochondria in IHD, analyzes the design strategy and mechanism of mitochondrial targeted nanomedicine, summarizes the latest research progress of nanocarriers in this field, and looks forward to the application of artificial intelligence in the development and optimization of nanomedicine, to provide a comprehensive perspective and theoretical basis for the precision and clinical transformation of IHD treatment.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wenjia"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Yinfa"},{"family":"Lyu","given":"Xingru"},{"family":"Li","given":"Kai"},{"family":"He","given":"Liangcan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Shaoqin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsnanomed.5c00057","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnanomed.5c00057","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7144390422","type":"article-journal","title":"Mobility Status and Fall-Related Predictors among Older Adults in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study","abstract":"Introduction: This study investigated sociodemographic and behavioural predictors of mobility status among older adults in southeastern Nigeria, where evidence on fall risk and mobility outcomes remains limited.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 2025 to January 2026 across 20 healthcare facilities selected through multistage sampling from five states in the Southeast geopolitical zone.A total of 303 older adults (≥60 years; mean age 71.5 years) were recruited through simple random sampling technique.Data were collected using a structured, prevalidated questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.84) assessing socio-demographics, mobility status, fall history, knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices.Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were applied, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.Results: Among participants, 58.7% reported mild mobility difficulty and 41.3% reported severe difficulty.Mobility status was significantly associated with sex (p = 0.022), religious affiliation (p < 0.001) and marital status (p < 0.001), but not with age, education level or living arrangement.Multivariate analysis identified male sex (OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.10-2.72),Christian affiliation (OR = 3.78; 95% CI: 2.30-6.20)and being married (OR = 4.38; 95% CI: 2.60-7.36)as predictors of mild mobility difficulty.Fallrelated attitudes (p < 0.001), knowledge of fall risks (p = 0.016) and preventive practices (p = 0.040) were significantly associated with mobility status.Conclusion: With a 94.7% response rate and 80% statistical power, findings underscore the influence of sociodemographic and behavioral factors on mobility among older Nigerians, supporting culturally tailored fall-prevention interventions.","author":[{"family":"Ugwu","given":"Cosmas"},{"family":"Obayi","given":"Agatha"},{"family":"Eze","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Ugwu","given":"Cordelia"},{"family":"Ene","given":"Osmond"},{"family":"Jone","given":"Chuka"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.51219/jmms/cosmas-ugwu/57","URL":"https://doi.org/10.51219/jmms/cosmas-ugwu/57","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7161129356","type":"article-journal","title":"Educational interventions to improve electrocardiogram interpretation competence among nurses: A systematic review","abstract":"AIM: To synthesise and critically appraise the evidence on educational interventions designed to improve electrocardiogram interpretation competence among registered nurses. BACKGROUND: Electrocardiogram interpretation is a core clinical competence for nurses and is essential for recognising and managing cardiac abnormalities. Despite its importance, evidence consistently demonstrates suboptimal electrocardiogram interpretation competence among nurses, alongside variability in education and training provision. DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Embase and Scopus were searched from inception to 2 March 2025, with an updated search on 15 April 2026, supplemented by grey literature searching. Study selection, data extraction and quality appraisal using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools were conducted independently by two reviewers. Due to heterogeneity in study design, interventions and outcome measures, a narrative synthesis was conducted. RESULTS: Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, including randomised controlled trials and pre-post quasi-experimental studies conducted across diverse clinical settings and countries. Educational interventions were associated with improvements in nurses' electrocardiogram competence. Interventions were synthesised into five themes: traditional and structured education; technology-enhanced learning; micro-learning approaches; blended and learner-centred models; and sustainability and reinforcement of learning over time. Interventions incorporating active learner engagement, structured practice and reinforcement appeared more likely to support meaningful learning gains. Evidence of learning attenuation over time was reported. CONCLUSIONS: Educational interventions can improve electrocardiogram interpretation competence among nurses; however, electrocardiogram interpretation represents a complex clinical competency requiring ongoing development rather than one-off training. Spaced learning and reinforcement-based educational approaches may better support sustained competence.","author":[{"family":"Boyd","given":"Emily"},{"family":"Lynch","given":"Micheál"},{"family":"Coates","given":"V"},{"family":"Vanharen","given":"Yaël"},{"family":"Chamos","given":"Asriel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.nepr.2026.104856","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2026.104856","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160552607","type":"article-journal","title":"Dynamic Water-Energy-Carbon Trade-Off Optimization for Heavy Industry Decarbonization via Deep Reinforcement Learning: A UK Case Study","abstract":"In recent years, the industrial decarbonization in the cement sector has introduced secondary environmental impact due to an increase in power and water demand. Deploying carbon capture, utilization, and distributed storage requires an uninterrupted supply of power and water to achieve net-zero targets. However, the traditional static optimization algorithms seem insufficient in addressing the high-frequency and dynamic renewable networks. To overcome these issues, this work develops a dynamic water-energy-carbon trade-off optimization model for industrial decarbonization, with the deployment of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage system in the cement sector within a United Kingdom industrial cluster. The key objective is to quantify and control the secondary burden that low-carbon interventions can impose on electricity systems and local water resources. Firstly, the Water-Energy-Carbon problem is treated as a tri-lemma, which is formulated as a continuous Markov Decision Process. Then the optimization problem is solved via a Soft Actor-Critic Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithm under coupled and resource-constrained abstraction inputs. This work further introduces the Water-Carbon Mitigation Penalty Index as a diagnostic metric for measuring the marginal increase in water burden associated with carbon mitigation. The results show that unmanaged distributed carbon-mitigation pathways increase local hydrological stress by 2.15–5.17% relative to baseline operating conditions. Although the proposed algorithm successfully reduces the nexus cost by up to 70.5% and achieves 13.83% carbon reduction by shifting from freshwater abstraction to reclaimed municipal wastewater and by coordinating operation with low-carbon hydropower availability. These results show that dynamic AI-based scheduling can support net-zero transitions while reducing pressure on regional hydro-ecological systems.","author":[{"family":"Hassan","given":"M"},{"family":"Rasheed","given":"MB"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Inam"},{"family":"Gamage","given":"KAA"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/w18091112","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w18091112","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167205351","type":"article-journal","title":"INTEGRALIDADE DO CUIDADO NA DEMÊNCIA: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA ATUAÇÃO MULTIPROFISSIONAL NA ATENÇÃO À PESSOA IDOSA","abstract":"O envelhecimento populacional tem contribuído para o aumento da prevalência das demências, configurando-se como um desafio relevante para os sistemas de saúde. Nesse contexto, a atuação multiprofissional emerge como estratégia fundamental para a promoção da integralidade do cuidado à pessoa idosa com demência. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar em que medida a atuação multiprofissional contribui para a integralidade do cuidado a essa população. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, realizada nos meses de março e abril de 2026, a partir de buscas nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, utilizando descritores relacionados à demência, atenção primária à saúde, equipe multiprofissional e idoso. Foram incluídos onze estudos primários publicados entre 2020 e 2025, disponíveis na íntegra. Os resultados evidenciaram que a atuação multiprofissional contribui para a ampliação do cuidado, especialmente por meio da integração de saberes, da adoção de estratégias não farmacológicas e do suporte aos cuidadores. No entanto, foram identificadas fragilidades relacionadas à fragmentação das práticas, à insuficiência de capacitação profissional e à baixa articulação entre os serviços de saúde. Conclui-se que, embora a atuação multiprofissional apresente potencial significativo para a promoção da integralidade, sua efetivação ainda depende de investimentos na formação dos profissionais, no fortalecimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde e na reorganização das redes de cuidado.","author":[{"family":"Silva","given":"Cleiton"},{"family":"Macambira","given":"Simone"},{"family":"Ferreira","given":"Roseane"},{"family":"Andrade","given":"Regina"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.63330/livroautoral602026-004","URL":"https://doi.org/10.63330/livroautoral602026-004","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7164483016","type":"article-journal","title":"Continuous electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to ethanol with high selectivity using advanced MOF-based electrodes","abstract":"The current climate emergency has intensified interest in technologies aimed at mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Among these, CO 2 capture, storage, and utilization (CCUS) technologies are gaining increasing importance. This work focuses on the electrochemical conversion of CO 2 into value-added products, particularly alcohols, due to their economic relevance, exploring metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as catalytic cathode materials. Cu-MOF-74, Cu-BTC MOF, Mg-MOF-74, and Ni-MOF-74 were evaluated as cathodic catalysts for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO 2 using 0.5 M KHCO 3 as the electrolyte. Ni-MOF-74 showed the best performance toward CH 3 OH, achieving a Faradaic Efficiency (FE) of 15.31% at −1.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl and an Energy Consumption (EC) of 2.35·10 3 kWh·kmol −1 . C 2 H 5 OH was also obtained simultaneously, reaching a FE of 31.12% and an EC of 4.63·10 3 kWh·kmol −1 at −1.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Subsequent experiments evaluated system efficiency by coupling these MOFs with a non-precious metal-based anode, a Ni Fe foam. Mg-MOF-74 and Ni-MOF-74 were used in paired experiments, as they showed higher activity than the Cu-based MOFs toward alcohol production. The highest CH 3 OH FE (9.77%) was achieved using Ni-MOF-74 at −1.3 V, reaching a promising FE of 84.55% and an EC of 512.91 kWh·kmol −1 . Although overall EC decreased in the full-cell configuration, a shift in selectivity from CH 3 OH to C 2 H 5 OH was observed.","author":[{"family":"Abarca","given":"José"},{"family":"Domingo-Revilla","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Ferreira","given":"Mariana"},{"family":"Borralho","given":"Duarte"},{"family":"Martinho","given":"Paulo"},{"family":"Abdolhosseini","given":"Ghazaleh"},{"family":"Garcés-Pineda","given":"Felipe"},{"family":"Irabien","given":"Angel"},{"family":"Realista","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Díaz-Sainz","given":"Guillermo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.seppur.2026.138881","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2026.138881","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168968469","type":"article-journal","title":"Bee sting induced multi-organ failure in an elderly male patient: report of a fatal case from Bangladesh","abstract":"Bee sting is common in Bangladesh especially in rural areas. It may cause simple local allergic reaction with single sting to multi-organ failure due to multiple stings even death. A 65-year-old male patient presented with altered-consciousness with anuria and diagnosed as multiple organ failure due to multiple bee stings. Investigation reports showed renal and hepatic impairment. After 2 weeks of hospital stay patient developed acute myocardial infarction evidenced by new onset of left bundle branch block with increased cardiac enzymes. He was shifted to coronary care unit and died due to cardiogenic shock. Though incidence of bee stings are common, multiple stings may cause multiple organ dysfunction even death. BIRDEM Med J 2026; 16(2): 92-94","author":[{"family":"E-Khoda","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Rahim","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Rafi"},{"family":"Shimu","given":"Ishrat"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3329/birdem.v16i2.91853","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v16i2.91853","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167717054","type":"article-journal","title":"Decarbonising UK industrial clusters: the role of green finance and the risk(s) of lock-in","abstract":"This study provides a comprehensive examination of financial flows involved in initiating the low-carbon transition of the UK’s industrial clusters. Green finance assumes a pivotal role in mobilising the capital required to underwrite substantial infrastructural modifications to reach climate commitments. Allocation of proceeds is guided by frameworks which influence the criteria for what constitutes ‘best practice’ in financing low-carbon transitions. The concept of what can be perceived as ‘green’ is influenced by the creation and management of these frameworks. Findings indicate that certain principles lay the basis for finance frameworks representing public and corporate green expenditures. These principles pave the way for the financing of projects such as carbon capture enabled gas-fired power stations and energy-from-waste facilities under the premise of ‘pollution prevention and control’. Such facilities can draw criticism of being non-transformative tools of climate mitigation as they perpetuate forms of lock-in via either consistent levels of waste or continued fossil-gas extraction and are thus lower on the mitigation hierarchy than facilities or policy implementation that deliver deeper emissions reductions. We shed light on how financing frameworks are influencing the boundaries of what is deemed eligible for investment and consequently affecting what is considered ‘green’ from a market perspective. We recommend a green finance system capable of delivering deeper mitigation by strengthening eligibility and exclusion criteria to ensure prioritised projects deliver absolute rather than intensity-based emissions reductions; embedding independent second-party verification across all stages of capital raising and expenditure; and aligning KPIs with verifiable lifecycle emissions benchmarks.","author":[{"family":"Finkill","given":"Guy"},{"family":"Gough","given":"Clair"},{"family":"Mander","given":"Sarah"},{"family":"Jones","given":"Christopher"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fclim.2026.1836939","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2026.1836939","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7166445992","type":"article-journal","title":"Students Perception Toward Cross Culture Understanding Thorouh Digital Literacy on Students English Department Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematang Siantar","abstract":"This research aims at strengthening students’ character in Cross Culture Understanding thorough digital literacy at the fifth semester of Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar. The methodology of this research uses mix method design: Qualitative and Quantitative one. The participant of the research is the fifth semester of English Department of Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, Group P1A1 and P1A2. The researcher assumes that students who possess strong digital literacy skills are better equipped to engage with diverse perspectives and develop their characters or empathy towards others. This proposal seeks to explore these relationships further, providing insights into how educational institutions can better support their students in these areas. This instrument of this Research is Questioners, and the documentation. The researcher will analyze the data from the questioners quantitatively by using SPSS 23 and qualitatively by descriptive documentation. This Research will produce as a book Cross Culture Understanding subject","author":[{"family":"Sinaga","given":"Asima"},{"family":"Silalahi","given":"Dumaris"},{"family":"Purba","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Sijabat","given":"Apriana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.58540/isihumor.v4i2.1971","URL":"https://doi.org/10.58540/isihumor.v4i2.1971","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415644090","type":"article-journal","title":"The Effect of the Expansion of U.S. Liquefied Natural Gas Exports and Its Diverse Substitution Patterns on Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Environmental Quality: A Panel Data Analysis Using the ARDL Model Covering the Period 1990–2022","abstract":"This study investigates the evolution of U.S. liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports and evaluates their impact on global energy market dynamics—particularly in terms of prices, energy security, and environmental quality—over the period 1990–2022. The research employs an econometric framework incorporating LNG exports (X), domestic natural gas production (PL gaz), and GDP growth rate a sin dependent variables, while carbon dioxide emissions (CO₂ E) serve as the dependent variable re presenting environmental quality. The analysis applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL)bounds testing approach and cointegration techniques to explore the short- and long-run dynamics among the variables. The empirical findings indicate that U.S. LNG exports have experienced substantial growth over the last decade, reaching approximately 88.3 million tons in 2024, with projections suggesting further expansion to around 16.4 billion cubic feet per day by 2026. This upward trend has been driven by technological advancements, large-scale infrastructure investments, and growing global demand, particularly from European and Asian markets. Nevertheless, this expansion has also introduced environmental challenges and regulatory pressures, underscoring the urgent need for balanced policies that promote sectoral sustainability while mitigating adverse climate impacts. The econometric results further demonstrate that, in the long run, the expansion of LNG exports has a significant and positive effect on carbon dioxide emissions in the United States. Additionally, per capita GDP growth emerges as a key factor contributing to higher carbon emissions, alongside a strong positive long-term association between CO₂ emissions and domestic natural gas production. These results highlight the necessity of integrating environmental sustainability into future strategies for the continued development of the U.S. LNG export sector.","author":[{"family":"Hicham","given":"Benazza"},{"family":"Mohammed","given":"Cadi"},{"family":"Amine","given":"Boumedini"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.52152/a0g1b871","URL":"https://doi.org/10.52152/a0g1b871","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416591428","type":"manuscript","title":"A Secure, Confidential, and Verifiable Decision Support System","abstract":"Decision support systems are increasingly adopted to automate decision-making processes across industries, organizations, and governments. Decision support demands data privacy, integrity, and availability while ensuring customization, security, and verifiability of the decision process. Existing solutions fail to guarantee those properties altogether. To overcome this limitation, we propose SPARTA, an approach based on Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) that automates decision processes. To guarantee privacy, integrity, and availability, SPARTA employs efficient cryptographic techniques on notarized data with access mediated through user-defined access policies. Our solution allows users to define decision rules, which are translated to certified software objects deployed within TEEs, thereby guaranteeing customization, verifiability, and security of the process. With experiments run on public benchmarks and synthetic data, we show our approach is scalable and adds limited overhead compared to non-cryptographically secured solutions.","author":[{"family":"Marangone","given":"Edoardo"},{"family":"Nemmi","given":"Eugenio"},{"family":"Friolo","given":"Daniele"},{"family":"Ateniese","given":"Giuseppe"},{"family":"Weber","given":"Ingo"},{"family":"Ciccio","given":"Claudio"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.48550/arxiv.2509.02413","URL":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2509.02413","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7169533441","type":"article-journal","title":"Nursing Intervention to Support Psychological Recovery Among Intensive Care Patients and Their Families: A Systematic Review with Narrative Synthesis","abstract":"Background: Psychological distress is highly prevalent among intensive care unit (ICU) patients and their families, often persisting long after discharge and contributing to post-intensive care syndrome (PICS). Although nursing interventions play a critical role in addressing these challenges, existing evidence remains fragmented across different intervention approaches. Objective: This systematic review aimed to identify, categorize, and evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions in supporting psychological recovery among ICU patients and their families. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Five electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, SpringerLink, and Taylor & Francis, were searched on 5 March 2026. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible for inclusion, as this design provides the highest level of evidence for evaluating intervention effectiveness and minimizes confounding bias. Eligible studies involved adult ICU patients and/or their family members receiving nursing-led or nursing-involved interventions targeting psychological outcomes. Data were synthesized narratively due to substantial clinical and methodological heterogeneity across interventions, populations, and outcome measures. Results: A total of 18 RCTs were included. Interventions were categorized into four domains: psychosocial, rehabilitation and follow-up, technology-based, and family-based interventions. Psychosocial interventions demonstrated effectiveness in reducing anxiety, although results for depression and PTSD were inconsistent. Rehabilitation and follow-up interventions improved physical and functional outcomes but showed limited effects on psychological recovery. Technology-based interventions, particularly virtual reality, showed promising but variable results depending on their integration with therapeutic support. Family-based interventions appeared promising in improving psychological outcomes across patients and caregivers, though this finding is based on a limited number of studies and warrants further investigation. A significant gap was identified in the pre-ICU phase, with very limited evidence on preventive interventions. Conclusion: Nursing interventions have the potential to support psychological recovery in ICU populations, particularly when delivered as multicomponent, family-centered, and continuous care. However, current evidence remains limited by methodological heterogeneity, risk of bias, inconsistent outcomes, and the predominance of studies from high-income settings, which limits generalizability.","author":[{"family":"Sutini","given":"Titin"},{"family":"Emaliyawati","given":"Etika"},{"family":"Sugiharto","given":"Firman"},{"family":"Abdullah","given":"Khatijah"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.2147/jmdh.s612598","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2147/jmdh.s612598","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7140700962","type":"article-journal","title":"Limitation of Power-to-Methanol: Identifying the Barriers of Bridging Energy and Bio-Carbon to Produce Decentralized Renewable Methanol via Integrated Economical and Environmental Evaluation","abstract":"Power-to-X technologies play a crucial role in accelerating the energy and material transition. A key opportunity lies in integrating these systems with existing bio-based infrastructures such as anaerobic digesters, providing a reliable source of biogenic carbon. Developing effective Power-to-Methanol (PtM) pathways requires a comprehensive understanding of process behavior through detailed simulation, including technical performance, economic feasibility, and environmental consequences. Despite growing interest, substantial variation remains in published levelized methanol costs, and many assessments insufficiently account for the full environmental footprint of production routes. This study evaluates the potential of PtM deployment in the Netherlands by comparing two pathways that utilize biogenic carbon sources: (i) hydrogenation of captured CO2 using green hydrogen and (ii) dry methane reforming (DMR) of biogas, followed by catalytic syngas conversion to methanol. Results indicate that operational expenses—mainly driven by renewable electricity consumption—far outweigh capital investment. Both routes yield an LCoMeOH of approximately €2630 per tonne, about five times the cost of fossil-based methanol. Life cycle analysis shows that DMR performs more favorably overall, although elevated freshwater ecotoxicity and eutrophication result from digestate application as fertilizer. Continued improvements in renewable energy integration and nutrient recovery technologies are essential for enhancing future economic and environmental performance.","author":[{"family":"Gelten","given":"Hans"},{"family":"Hemmer","given":"Kim"},{"family":"Aalderink","given":"Benno"},{"family":"Leeuwen","given":"Richard"},{"family":"Kurt","given":"Zöhre"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19071626","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19071626","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7202077213","type":"article-journal","title":"Stakeholder Perceptions and Corporate Adoption of Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies: Implementation Challenges, Strategic Responses, and Sustainability Implications","abstract":"This review examines carbon capture and storage (CCS) through the linked dimensions of stakeholder perceptions, corporate adoption, implementation challenges, strategic responses, and sustainability implications. It aims to provide an integrated understanding of CCS as not only a technological mitigation option but also a socio-technical, organisational, and governance issue. A comprehensive review approach was adopted to synthesize relevant literature from major academic databases and institutional sources. The selected studies were screened and organised thematically around key areas, including conceptual foundations, stakeholder perceptions, adoption drivers and barriers, implementation constraints, and long-term sustainability relevance. The review shows that CCS occupies a complex position in climate mitigation and industrial decarbonization. Stakeholder acceptance is shaped by trust, risk perception, legitimacy, and communication, while corporate adoption depends on policy support, economic incentives, technological readiness, and organisational capabilities. Implementation remains constrained by technical, financial, regulatory, legal, and coordination barriers. At the same time, CCS presents important opportunities for hard-to-abate sectors and net-zero transitions, although concerns remain regarding cost, overreliance, public acceptance, and delayed structural change. The findings suggest that the future of CCS depends on its integration into broader sustainability transitions supported by credible governance, viable business models, and inclusive stakeholder engagement. CCS should therefore be understood as one component of a wider low-carbon transformation rather than a stand-alone climate solution.","author":[{"family":"Muniandy","given":"Vijendran"},{"family":"Teck","given":"Tan"},{"family":"Sam","given":"Toong"},{"family":"Soon","given":"Eu"},{"family":"Toh","given":"Jason"},{"family":"Sonar","given":"Pradeep"},{"family":"Fahim","given":"Syed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.13189/eer.2026.140415","URL":"https://doi.org/10.13189/eer.2026.140415","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7201873924","type":"article-journal","title":"Forecasting of BBNI Stock Prices under Middle East Geopolitical Uncertainty Using Multivariate Time Series: A Comparative Study","abstract":"Global geopolitical uncertainties, such as the Middle East crisis, inherently trigger high volatility and systemic risks in capital markets, potentially threatening the stability of banking sector stocks. This study aims to analyze the structural shifts in trends and stock price volatility of PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (BBNI), while concurrently conducting a comparative evaluation of various multivariate-based short-term forecasting models amidst the crisis. The methodology compares five computational model architectures integrating exogenous macroeconomic variables (BI Rate, Inflation, and USD/IDR Exchange Rate), comprising the statistical approach of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with Exogenous Inputs (ARIMAX), machine learning techniques (Random Forest and XGBoost), and deep learning frameworks (Long Short-Term Memory [LSTM] and Gated Recurrent Unit [GRU]). Daily data are divided chronologically into a pre-geopolitical period (January 2024–May 2025) and a geopolitical crisis period (June 2025–May 2026).Trend analysis results reveal a unique market adaptation phenomenon, wherein the geopolitical crisis period paradoxically exhibits a positive trend recovery characterized by lower and more stable market risk within a volatility range of 0.010 to 0.026, compared to the pre-geopolitical period which peaked at 0.041. Predictive performance evaluation demonstrates that the tree-based ensemble model, specifically XGBoost, achieves the highest accuracy and efficiency, registering the minimum error metrics (MAE: 22.19; RMSE: 30.99; MAPE: 0.56%). The ARIMAX(2,0,1) model ranks second (MAPE: 0.65%) and successfully confirms a strong, negative linear influence of the BI Rate variable on stock prices. Conversely, the LSTM and GRU architectures underperform due to data scarcity constraints inherent to parameter-dense models, as well as a smoothing effect that hinders the capture of extreme price fluctuations. This study confirms that ensemble learning approaches, such as XGBoost, are superior, adaptive, and robust for modeling moderate-scale financial data amidst dynamic macroeconomic volatility.","author":[{"family":"Sari","given":"Eka"},{"family":"Rahmawati","given":"Titik"},{"family":"Priyanto","given":"Agung"},{"family":"Kurniasih","given":"Julia"},{"family":"Putri","given":"Fuadhillah"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.23887/janapati.v15i2.115773","URL":"https://doi.org/10.23887/janapati.v15i2.115773","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7164031969","type":"article-journal","title":"Effects of alginate encapsulated divalent ions (Zn2+, Cu2+ and Ca2+) on mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) seed germination and seedling growth","abstract":"Encapsulation of agrochemicals allows growers to precisely control the conditions under which the active ingredient is released. Since zinc, copper, and calcium ions are essential micronutrients in crop production, the goal of our work was to incorporate them into alginate-based capsules, and to investigate the impact of their release on seed germination and seedling growth. Oriental mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) was selected as a model crop. Among the tested ions, Cu²⁺ exhibited the greatest increase, followed by Zn²⁺, whereas Ca²⁺ showed the smallest increase, and its concentration declined over time when calcium-based capsules were applied. Performed studies demonstrate that released cations from the capsules into soil solution significantly affected seeds germination and biomass of mustard sprouts in laboratory tests. The release of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ negatively influenced radicle development, with Cu²⁺ almost completely suppressing radicle elongation, and Zn²⁺ exhibiting a progressive inhibitory effect with increasing incubation time. Although, Ca²⁺ stimulated radicle elongation, it did not significantly affect total sprout and cotyledon biomass.","author":[{"family":"Vano","given":"Belen"},{"family":"Kowalska","given":"Beata"},{"family":"Szczech","given":"Magdalena"},{"family":"Maciorowski","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Olkiewicz","given":"Magdalena"},{"family":"Giamberini","given":"Marta"},{"family":"Tylkowski","given":"Bartosz"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.24326/asphc.2026.5601","URL":"https://doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2026.5601","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155402702","type":"article-journal","title":"Reperfusion Therapy and Outcomes in High-Risk Pulmonary Embolism ― Multicenter Registry Study From the Tokyo Cardiovascular Care Unit Network ―","abstract":"Background: High-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) is associated with substantial mortality, and contemporary guidelines recommend prompt reperfusion therapy when feasible. However, real-world data describing how reperfusion is used in practice, and its outcomes, remain limited. Methods and Results: We conducted an observational analysis of patients with high-risk PE enrolled in the Tokyo Cardiovascular Care Unit Network registry between 2020 and 2022. High-risk PE was defined as a presentation complicated with shock, sustained hypotension, or cardiac arrest. Reperfusion therapies included systemic thrombolysis, catheter-based therapy, and surgical embolectomy. Of 1,217 patients with PE, 185 (15.2%) met the high-risk PE criteria. Reperfusion therapy was administered to 43.8% of patients (systemic thrombolysis, 27.6%; surgical embolectomy, 13.0%; catheter-based therapy, 3.2%), and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) was used in 29.7% of patients. Overall, in-hospital mortality was 14.6%. Mortality was lower with than without reperfusion therapy (8.6% vs. 19.2%), without significant differences in bleeding events. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, cardiac arrest, VA-ECMO use, and lack of reperfusion therapy were independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality risk. Conclusions: In this contemporary multicenter registry, reperfusion therapy was used in fewer than half of patients with high-risk PE and was associated with lower in-hospital mortality, although residual confounding cannot be excluded given the observational study design. These findings highlight both the potential benefit and the incomplete real-world adoption of guideline-recommended reperfusion strategies.","author":[{"family":"Yamamoto","given":"T"},{"family":"Yamamoto","given":"Hiroyuki"},{"family":"Nozato","given":"Toshihiro"},{"family":"Mizuno","given":"Atsushi"},{"family":"Hara","given":"Nobuhiro"},{"family":"Hisatake","given":"Shinji"},{"family":"Asai","given":"Kuniya"},{"family":"Kohsaka","given":"Shun"},{"family":"Takayama","given":"Morimasa"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1253/circrep.cr-26-0060","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circrep.cr-26-0060","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171974368","type":"article-journal","title":"Research on the Extraction Efficiency of Tight Oil in Porous Media Under Varying CO2 Injection Pressures","abstract":"Developing complex fault-block low-permeability reservoirs faces great challenges in constructing efficient injection-production flow pathways, which often leads to unsatisfactory waterflooding development performance. To improve the recovery efficiency of this type of reservoir, this study first carried out laboratory extraction experiments and then conducted CO2 extraction numerical simulations on low-permeability porous media via ANSYS to validate the experimental results. Based on investigations targeting the target reservoir, the key findings are summarized as follows: Supercritical CO2 preferentially extracts light hydrocarbon components lighter than C10, which accounts for more than 60% of the total extracted components; when the pressure exceeds 20 MPa, a small amount of heavy components C15+ can also be extracted. Under the experimental conditions adopted in this study, the optimal CO2 reinjection pressure range is determined as 12–20 MPa. Within this range, the extraction efficiency increases by 2.0–2.5% per 1 MPa increment of pressure, and this pressure condition can effectively dissolve medium hydrocarbon components and promote the formation of uniform plug flow. However, when the reinjection pressure continues to rise beyond 20 MPa, the CO2 extraction efficiency will gradually decrease. The numerically simulated CO2 extraction efficiency of crude oil shows high consistency with the experimental measurements. This study confirms that CO2 huff-n-puff can be effectively applied for crude oil extraction in the peripheral areas of tight reservoirs and fault-block reservoir units. Nevertheless, in field application, it is imperative to optimize the reinjection pressure design: accurately customizing injection pressure parameters according to different reservoir types and their specific development requirements is a core measure to improve CO2 extraction efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Du","given":"Chunyu"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Xingrui"},{"family":"Pang","given":"Xuanwei"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Shijie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr14152471","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14152471","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7140482602","type":"article-journal","title":"Long-term scenarios and energy system impacts of technological carbon dioxide removal deployment in Finland","abstract":"Abstract This study analyzed energy system impacts of technological carbon dioxide removal (CDR) deployment in Finland. We modeled long-term scenarios up to 2050 for four CDR technologies: bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), biochar soil amendment, direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS), and enhanced weathering of mining rock waste (EW). An integrated energy economic model compiled using the TIMES-model generator was used to produce cost-minimal development scenarios for Finland’s energy system, including CDR technologies. Three scenarios were modeled: one without a specific CDR target and two with low- and high CDR targets. The results show that CDR targets primarily affect the deployment of biochar, BECCS, and DACCS, whereas EW potential was fully utilized in all scenarios. Most of the growth in the CDR deployment originated from DACCS, while BECCS and biochar remained relatively insensitive to the CDR targets. The limited availability of sustainable biomass and its allocation across competing sectors played a central role in shaping the complex interactions between BECCS, biochar, and DACCS in the Finnish energy system. Regarding national net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the findings indicate that the net-zero GHG target is more easily achieved under any binding CDR target than without one. However, substantial CDR deployment would still be required for Finland to achieve climate neutrality even by 2050. The impacts of CDR technologies extend more broadly throughout the energy system than shown in earlier studies due to interconnections between the energy-consuming and producing sectors.","author":[{"family":"Markkanen","given":"Johanna"},{"family":"Koponen","given":"Kati"},{"family":"Lindroos","given":"Tomi"},{"family":"Koljonen","given":"Tiina"},{"family":"Kirppu","given":"Heidi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7202212446","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Capture Utilization and Trapping Efficiency Modelling: A Case Study of Gas Flare Site in Niger Delta","abstract":"Most significant challenges in recent decades have been the rise in global average temperature, which is mostly caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Previous research used complex numerical simulations processes that uses iterative procedures to obtain a certain operating condition, which are time-consuming, tiresome, and require expensive devices that are limited in locations where real-time decisions are required. These methods do not produce models that are flexible, generalizable, accurate, or robust. Smart digital technology concepts such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are becoming increasingly popular and are being used in a variety of applications including carbon capture. This study primarily aims to create models for predicting CO2 trapping efficiency using AI such as artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector regression (SVR) to address these problems. The models were built using 260 CO2 trapping efficiency data from a gas flare site in the Niger Delta. The performance of the developed models was analysed using the statistical metrics. The goodness of fit (R2), mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and average percentage relative error (APRE) were 0.9993, 9.0×10–4, 9.53×10–3 and 0.18282 for the ANN model, whereas for the SVR model, the R2, MSE, RMSE, and APRE were 0.9766, 3.095×10–3, 5.563×10–2 and 1.4137 respectively. The parametric importance results for CO2 trapping efficiency show that while CO2 mass fraction had the greatest influence (29.70%), temperature, density, emission rate, pressure and activity rate followed with contributions of 17.29%, 12.41%, 11.30%, 11.06%, and 10.58%, respectively, while time had the least effect of 7.62%. The models were explicitly provided to make them easy to implement into software programmes. The explicitness, accuracy, and suggestion for using the models in the field are among the features of the models given in this study for which uniqueness is claimed. The proposed models would eliminate the need for complicated and time-consuming reservoir simulation at the early stage of the Carbon capture and storage (CCS) project, allowing for real-time findings in the field.","author":[{"family":"Frank","given":"Okon"},{"family":"Akpabio","given":"Julius"},{"family":"Livinus","given":"Aniefiok"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.56201/ijemt.vol.12.no7.2026.pg92.115","URL":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijemt.vol.12.no7.2026.pg92.115","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133195236","type":"article-journal","title":"COVID-19 vaccination and mortality among coronary care patients with severe acute respiratory infection in Bangladesh: a prospective study (2021–2024)","abstract":"Background COVID-19 increases cardiovascular risk, and vaccination reduces adverse outcomes and mortality. We analysed national hospital-based sentinel surveillance data from Bangladesh, and the aim of the study was to identify factors associated with all-cause mortality among patients with cardiovascular complications. Methods We included patients from coronary care units in nine tertiary-hospitals between February 2021 and December 2024 with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI). Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were tested for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses by multiplex rRT-PCR. Patients were followed up from hospital admission to 30 days post-discharge. Survival was assessed with Kaplan–Meier estimates stratified by vaccination status and compared using log-rank test. Risk factors for all-cause mortality were analysed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression, stratified by hospital type. Findings We enrolled 396 patients (median age 60, IQR: 48–65 years), and 70.5% (279/396) were male. The Median follow-up time was 33 days (IQR: 32–34 days). There were 13.9% (55/396) deaths, 41.2% (163/396) had acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 71.2% (286/396) were COVID-19 vaccinated patients. SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses were detected among 6.8% (27/396) and 4.8% (19/396) patients, respectively. At follow-up, the survival rate was 89.6% in COVID-19 vaccinated patients compared to 81.4% in unvaccinated patients ( P -value = 0.041). AMI was associated with higher mortality [HR = 1.74, (95% CI: 1.01–3.02), P -value = 0.048] while COVID-19 vaccination was protective [HR = 0.55, (95% CI: 0.32–0.96), P- value = 0.037]. Interpretation COVID-19 vaccination was associated with reduced all-cause deaths among SARI patients with cardiovascular complications. Funding Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA (U01GH002259). ZA is supported by UNSW by a UIPA PhD scholarship.","author":[{"family":"Akhtar","given":"Zubair"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Md"},{"family":"Aleem","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Shuvo","given":"Tanzir"},{"family":"Hassan","given":"Md"},{"family":"Asadullah"},{"family":"Rahman","given":"Mustafizur"},{"family":"Rahman","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Hossain","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Shirin","given":"Tahmina"},{"family":"Rahman","given":"Mahbubur"},{"family":"Jony","given":"Manjur"},{"family":"Monalisa"},{"family":"Sarker","given":"Md"},{"family":"Alam","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Anwar","given":"Shah"},{"family":"Rahman","given":"Mahmudur"},{"family":"Jiamsakul","given":"Awachana"},{"family":"Moa","given":"Aye"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Timothy"},{"family":"Fröbert","given":"Ole"},{"family":"Chowdhury","given":"Fahmida"},{"family":"Macintyre","given":"CR"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.lansea.2026.100745","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lansea.2026.100745","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7164504296","type":"article-journal","title":"An evaluation of permitting avenues for deploying carbon mineralization projects with and without acid pre-treatment","abstract":"Carbon mineralization is an emerging carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology that offers permanent sequestration through the conversion of CO2 into stable carbonate minerals. Despite its potential as a long-term climate mitigation strategy, regulatory frameworks governing carbon mineralization remain underdeveloped compared to conventional CCS strategies. This paper examines the legislative and permitting landscape for in situ carbon mineralization projects in Canada, the United States, and select international jurisdictions (Iceland, Norway, the United Kingdom, and Australia). Existing CCS legislation, permitting requirements, and monitoring obligations are reviewed to assess their applicability to mineralization-based storage projects. Attention is given to the regulatory implications of acid pre-treatment, a proposed method to enhance basalt reactivity and accelerate mineralization rates. While acid pre-treatment could positively impact storage operations, it introduces additional permitting complexity related to well classification, chemical stimulation, waste management, and environmental protection requirements. Two implementation pathways (in British Columbia and Washington, DC) are evaluated to determine the extent to which current regulations could enable or restrict the deployment of carbon mineralization projects, with or without acid pre-treatment. The analysis demonstrates that most regulatory frameworks were developed for conventional storage and do not explicitly address mineralization storage. Broad legislative language may allow mineralization projects to be permitted under existing CCS regulations using a case-by-case approach. Regulatory uncertainty surrounding mineralization storage projects remains a significant barrier to deployment, particularly for projects incorporating an acid pre-treatment. However, existing CCS frameworks provide a foundation upon which mineralization-specific regulations can be developed. Establishing clear permitting pathways, monitoring requirements, and guidance for chemical stimulation could accelerate the deployment of carbon mineralization as a secure and scalable carbon management solution.","author":[{"family":"Brown","given":"Calista"},{"family":"Bartels","given":"Madeline"},{"family":"Tutolo","given":"Benjamin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.70212/cdrxiv.2026529.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.70212/cdrxiv.2026529.v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165741709","type":"article-journal","title":"Trends in research and development toward carbon neutrality and a circular economy in the Japanese concrete industry","abstract":"At present, Japan—similar to many other countries—is undertaking government-supported research and development aimed at transitioning the cement and concrete sectors toward carbon neutrality and a circular economy. This study introduces the approaches adopted by Japan’s cement industry, which operates under unique geological conditions with limited domestic resources, as well as the initiatives pursued within the concrete sector. Because Japan has emphasized resource and energy efficiency since the oil crisis of the 1970s, background information on research and development originally conducted to reduce resource consumption during that period is also incorporated. Although carbon neutrality is a global challenge, each country faces distinct historical and contextual constraints, including geological and resource-related boundary conditions. Research and development efforts must therefore be tailored to national circumstances. In this respect, Japan’s experience is presented here as an illustrative case.","author":[{"family":"Maruyama","given":"Ippei"},{"family":"Kojima","given":"Masaro"},{"family":"Sakai","given":"Goro"},{"family":"Suzuki","given":"Yoshiyuki"},{"family":"Hyodo","given":"Hikotsugu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.21809/rilemtechlett.2026.234","URL":"https://doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2026.234","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168350834","type":"article-journal","title":"Toward Circular Carbon Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Bioenergy with Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (BECCUS)","abstract":"Bioenergy with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (BECCUS) is increasingly regarded as a potential pathway to achieve net-negative emissions and support deep decarbonization. This review examines BECCUS from the perspective of circular carbon systems by integrating biomass resources, bioenergy conversion, carbon capture technologies, storage and utilization pathways, economic feasibility, sustainability challenges, and policy requirements. To improve conceptual clarity, the review distinguishes among BECCS, BECCU, and BECCUS based on carbon retention time, lifecycle boundaries, and final product fate. Recent advances in carbon capture technologies, including absorption, adsorption, membrane separation, chemical looping, cryogenic separation, direct air capture, and hybrid systems, are reviewed with particular attention to biomass-based applications. Major utilization and storage pathways are also critically assessed, including geological storage, CO2-enhanced recovery, cement mineralization, CO2-to-chemicals, CO2-to-fuels, microalgae-based conversion, and agricultural CO2 utilization. These pathways are compared in terms of technology readiness, mitigation potential, permanence, energy demand, economic feasibility, and major limitations. A bibliometric analysis is further included to identify research hotspots and emerging trends. Overall, BECCUS is a promising but highly pathway-dependent option whose climate benefits depend on sustainable biomass supply, lifecycle emissions, low-carbon hydrogen, infrastructure availability, and consistent carbon accounting.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Lina"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Nianci"},{"family":"Qi","given":"Meng"},{"family":"Nielsen","given":"Rudi"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Haoshui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr14142297","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14142297","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7141340568","type":"article-journal","title":"Profil kebutuhan media modifikasi wayang beber dalam pembelajaran berbicara dan pemahaman lintas budaya pemelajar BIPA Tiongkok","abstract":"This study aims to describe the need for modified wayang beber teaching media in speaking and cross-cultural comprehension learning for beginner-level BIPA learners from China based on the perspectives of learners and teachers. The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach involving eight beginner-level learners from Xi'an International Studies University, China, and three teachers from Indonesia University of Education. Data collection was carried out through literature study, interviews, observation, and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques by condensing, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The study found four dimensions of needs: learners' needs regarding the characteristics of wayang beber media, the needs of wayang beber media in facilitating speaking skills, the needs of wayang beber media in cross-cultural understanding, and teachers' needs regarding the use of wayang beber and folk tales. Data triangulation from both perspectives produced a comprehensive profile of needs, including: presenting the story of Malin Kundang with clear and complex visual designs; integrating speaking and cross-cultural understanding learning through structured discussions on cultural values, comparisons between Indonesian and Chinese cultures, and reflective questions to develop learners' empathy; and comprehensive implementation covering print and digital media, guidelines for teachers and learners, assessment tools aligned with competency standards, and multimedia support materials.","author":[{"family":"Soyu","given":"Salwa"},{"family":"Rizkyanfi","given":"Mochamad"},{"family":"Widia","given":"IK"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.30872/diglosia.v9i1.1837","URL":"https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v9i1.1837","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165851520","type":"article-journal","title":"Fronteras del Conocimiento: Avances y Disrupciones en la Ciencia Contemporánea","abstract":"\"Fronteras del Conocimiento: Avances y Disrupciones en la Ciencia Contemporánea\" es una obra académica interdisciplinaria que analiza las transformaciones metodológicas, tecnológicas y conceptuales en la investigación actual a través de 21 capítulos organizados en cuatro grandes ejes temáticos. El volumen examina, en primer lugar, las estructuras institucionales y las dinámicas sociales desde las ciencias administrativas, económicas y jurídicas; en segundo lugar, profundiza en la transformación digital y la industria contemporánea mediante la ingeniería avanzada y la inteligencia artificial; en tercer lugar, evalúa las metodologías pedagógicas y los procesos de aseguramiento de la calidad en la educación escolar y superior; y, finalmente, aborda el bienestar humano y la sostenibilidad ecológica dentro del ámbito de las ciencias de la salud y la mitigación ambiental.","author":[{"family":"Pinto","given":"M"},{"family":"Maiguashca","given":"Gabriela"},{"family":"Monar","given":"Paola"},{"family":"Borbor","given":"Dalton"},{"family":"Macías","given":"Rosario"},{"family":"Pinargote","given":"Nayely"},{"family":"Cedeño","given":"Mell"},{"family":"Villavicencio","given":"Lorena"},{"family":"Jara","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Naranjo","given":"Maira"},{"family":"Sánchez","given":"Francisco"},{"family":"Pazmiño","given":"Lenin"},{"family":"Villacreses","given":"Darwin"},{"family":"Valverde","given":"Pablo"},{"family":"Matamoros","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Vaca","given":"Paola"},{"family":"Sangurima","given":"Wilson"},{"family":"Regalado","given":"María"},{"family":"Reyes","given":"María"},{"family":"Sevilla","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Alvarado","given":"José"},{"family":"Cumbe","given":"María"},{"family":"Moreano","given":"Katherine"},{"family":"Molina","given":"Oscar"},{"family":"Pañega","given":"María"},{"family":"Villegas","given":"Richard"},{"family":"Camacho","given":"Tania"},{"family":"Samaniego","given":"Marina"},{"family":"Ubilluz","given":"Sharon"},{"family":"Simbaña","given":"Edwin"},{"family":"Bravo","given":"Pedro"},{"family":"Aguayo","given":"Msc"},{"family":"Cedeño","given":"Esilda"},{"family":"Ruiz","given":"Javier"},{"family":"Torres","given":"Nathaly"},{"family":"Asencio","given":"Eddy"},{"family":"Rodríguez","given":"María"},{"family":"Vasco","given":"Silvana"},{"family":"Aranda","given":"Magaly"},{"family":"López","given":"Maura"},{"family":"Ortiz","given":"Magaly"},{"family":"Guerra","given":"Inés"},{"family":"Coa","given":"Edwars"},{"family":"Mejía","given":"Rubén"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Luis"},{"family":"Erreyes","given":"Helder"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.64644/9789907956306","URL":"https://doi.org/10.64644/9789907956306","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7140465120","type":"article-journal","title":"Coupling Solvay process with carbon mineralization in stilbite: an innovative approach for carbon dioxide storage","abstract":"Geological storage of CO 2 through carbon mineralization is an efficient approach to reverse climate change, especially in stilbite-bearing formations such as basalts. However, integrated process routes that directly couple industrial CO 2 utilization with reactive mineral phases remain underexplored. Thus, this study presents a novel integrated pathway that couples CO 2 utilisation and permanent storage by linking a Solvay-type Na 2 CO 3 production loop directly to mineral carbonation in stilbite. Stilbite, a Ca-rich secondary zeolite, is evaluated as a reactive medium for CO 2 fixation via Na–Ca cation exchange using Na 2 CO 3 generated from the Solvay process. Stilbite samples collected from the Rajkot region (Gujarat, India) were reacted with Na 2 CO 3 solution in an in-house fabricated reactor at 60 °C and 1 bar for 30 days. The post-reaction products were characterised using XRD, XRF, FE-SEM and TGA. Post-reaction XRD confirms calcite precipitation, and XRF data reveal substantial Na enrichment (0.51–7.74 wt%) and Ca depletion (7.34–5.88 wt%), indicating a dominant Na–Ca exchange mechanism for CO 2 storage. The variation in the wt% in stilbite indicates Na-Ca exchange at the cation level, atomic mass differences, partial desilication, and secondary calcite precipitation within the solid matrix. FESEM imaging shows roughened stilbite surfaces and abundant secondary calcite crystals, confirming mineralogical immobilisation of CO 2 as calcite directly on and around the host zeolite. The Na-Ca exchange-driven calcite precipitation quantified by TGA shows a 5.76% mass loss between 800 °C and 950 °C, with a further calculation of CO 2 uptake of 57.6 g CO 2 kg -1 for stilbite. The novelty of this work lies in demonstrating a coupled Solvay–stilbite route to store CO 2 and drive rapid carbon mineralization.","author":[{"family":"Singh","given":"Rahul"},{"family":"Nayak","given":"Nirlipta"},{"family":"Sangwan","given":"Pratichi"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Dia"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Gaurav"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fenrg.2026.1800078","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2026.1800078","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7153510317","type":"article-journal","title":"IMPACTO DE UMA INTERVENÇÃO EDUCATIVA NO CONHECIMENTO SOBRE O PAPILOMAVÍRUS HUMANO (HPV) ENTRE ADOLESCENTES DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA EM BACABAL-MA","abstract":"O Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) é o principal agente etiológico do câncer de colo do útero, configurando-se como um desafio crítico para a saúde pública no Brasil. Este estudo objetivou avaliar o impacto de uma intervenção educativa no nível de conhecimento sobre o HPV e outras Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST) entre adolescentes de uma escola estadual em Bacabal-MA. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, quantitativo, do tipo antes e depois, realizado com 36 discentes. Os dados foram coletados via questionários estruturados e analisados estatisticamente. Os resultados demonstraram um aumento significativo no conhecimento sobre o exame Papanicolau, que saltou de 11,11% para 61,11% (p < 0,001). Observou-se uma correlação entre a baixa adesão vacinal autorreferida (36,1%) e a baixa escolaridade dos progenitores, majoritariamente com Ensino Fundamental incompleto. Conclui-se que, embora as intervenções escolares sejam eficazes para a difusão de saber técnico, a baixa percepção de risco e a barreira socioeducacional familiar demandam estratégias contínuas e integradas para elevar a cobertura vacinal e prevenir neoplasias futuras.","author":[{"family":"Duarte","given":"Wesliany"},{"family":"Nogueira","given":"Kerolayne"},{"family":"Sousa","given":"Ian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.70773/revistatopicos/775868884","URL":"https://doi.org/10.70773/revistatopicos/775868884","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125485652","type":"article-journal","title":"In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of protoberberine alkaloids as novel therapeutic candidates against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae","abstract":"ABSTRACT Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae, Mhp), the primary causative agent of swine enzootic pneumonia, poses significant threats to the pork industry, challenging food safety and sustainable development of the livestock industry. Here, four protoberberine alkaloids—epiberberine, jatrorrhizine, berberine, and coptisine—were identified by screening multiple natural compounds, and their anti-Mhp activity was evaluated. All alkaloids exhibited potent inhibitory effects against the virulent Mhp strain ES-2, with minimum inhibitory concentrations from 8 to 32 µg/mL. Their bactericidal activities were time- and concentration-dependent. At the cellular level, all protoberberine alkaloids significantly enhanced infected cell viability, suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), and exhibited low cytotoxicity toward host cells. In a Chang Da binary cross-breeding pig infection model, jatrorrhizine markedly alleviated clinical symptoms, reduced pulmonary pathogen loads, and mitigated histopathological damage in lung tissues, with therapeutic efficacy comparable to that of florfenicol. Our findings demonstrated that protoberberine alkaloids possessed potent anti-Mhp activity, high safety profiles, and promising therapeutic potential. IMPORTANCE Swine enzootic pneumonia, caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ( M. hyopneumoniae ), remains one of the most economically devastating respiratory diseases in the global swine industry. The emergence of antibiotic resistance in livestock highlights the urgent need for effective, safe, and sustainable alternatives. This study demonstrates that naturally derived protoberberine alkaloids exhibit potent antibacterial activity against M. hyopneumoniae while maintaining low host cytotoxicity and strong anti-inflammatory effects. Among them, jatrorrhizine showed remarkable therapeutic efficacy in infected pigs, comparable with that of florfenicol. These findings provide a scientific basis for developing protoberberine alkaloids as promising natural alternatives to conventional antibiotics for controlling M. hyopneumoniae infections, thereby contributing to improved animal health, reduced antimicrobial resistance, and sustainable swine production.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Chenchen"},{"family":"He","given":"Xiaoxu"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Lijun"},{"family":"Qian","given":"Yulin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiaodan"},{"family":"Duan","given":"Xuecheng"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Huifang"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhaoran"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiangru"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Chen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1128/spectrum.03254-25","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.03254-25","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168337753","type":"article-journal","title":"Industrial implementation of CO2 electrolysis: beyond the technological frontier","abstract":"The field of CO 2 electrolysis stands at an inflection point. Electrocatalytic performance on the lab scale has already achieved current densities above 1 A cm -2 , operational times > 1000 hours, Faradaic efficiencies exceeding 80% for CO, formate, and ethylene. Now the field requires rigorous pilots to demonstrate the technology on a large scale to allow industrial uptake. Here, we argue that stack-level operation reveals critical challenges hindering the industrialization of this technology. When cells are assembled into stacks, issues present at the bench scale are amplified: electrodes flood, salts precipitate, thermal gradients develop, and current distributes unevenly. For each challenge, we identify the mitigation strategies demonstrated in the literature and the operational parameters that must be actively controlled. We extend this analysis beyond the technical hurdles, examining the political, regulatory, and societal barriers that will play an equally determining and frequently underestimated role in shaping whether this technology reaches the scale required for commercialization.","author":[{"family":"Guruji","given":"Avni"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Chanjuan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhiyuan"},{"family":"Pant","given":"Deepak"},{"family":"Birdja","given":"Yuvraj"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.coche.2026.101280","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2026.101280","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409773508","type":"article-journal","title":"MAPPING THE POTENTIAL CO2 SOURCE-SINKS FOR CARBON CAPTURE STORAGE FROM INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA","abstract":"The increasing trend of carbon reduction program in Indonesia has been intensified to achieve Net-Zero Emission in 2060. One of the option to achieve this commitment is by implement Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) program in Indonesia as this technology offers reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) by taking the CO2 directly from the emitter and safely inject it to the depleted reservoir. This study aims to map the potential of CCS Storage from oil and gas depleted reservoir as the candidates of sink and its connectivity with the available CO2 Source from Cement, Petrochemical, and Fertilizer industry. The depleted oil and gas reservoir storage capacity is calculated from the available data of oil and gas in place with its ultimate recovery. The pipeline right of ways is also mapped to evaluate the connectivity of the CO2 emitter and CO2 storage. There are four major region which could potentially developed for further CCS impelementation program. The South Sumatera Region holds 3 MtCO2 annual emission from the industry and connected to surrounding storage via pipeline with total capacity of 584 MtCO2. Both West Java and East Java hold advantages for CCS as the West Java available storage 612 MtCO2 while East Java 345 MtCO2 while the annual emission from industry in West Java and East Java are 13 MtCO2 and 9 MtCO2 respectively. In Kalimantan, there are potency of 15 MtCO2 annual emission with 1,945 MtCO2 storage capacity.","author":[{"family":"Hakim","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Tony","given":"Brian"},{"family":"Chandra","given":"Steven"},{"family":"Nugraha","given":"Fanata"},{"family":"Nandiwardhana","given":"Damar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.29017/scog.v48i1.1626","URL":"https://doi.org/10.29017/scog.v48i1.1626","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171505302","type":"article-journal","title":"Software-defined security based dynamic protection method for high-speed train network communications","abstract":"Abstract The rapid expansion of high-speed railways enables the adoption of emerging control and communication technologies to address the increasing demands on train performance and safety. This advancement has intensified interconnectivity among the onboard devices, simultaneously introducing significant cybersecurity challenges. However, the flat, hierarchical network structure of high-speed trains brings challenges to deploying security equipment; embedded security measures are difficult to deploy to various terminal devices with limited resources. Consequently, a protection framework based on Software-Defined Security (SDSec) is proposed in this paper. Initially, it discusses how to dynamically reconfigure security resources to align with the onboard network architecture of high-speed trains. Then, a dynamic security protection method is proposed based on attack detection and security response, targeting the message transmission characteristics of the train control and monitoring system, the Structured State Space for Sequence (S4) model is employed to achieve attack detection and classification. The selection of appropriate security strategies to mitigate the impact of attacks is discussed, with system performance as the evaluation criterion. Finally, a simulation system, modeled on an actual train’s network topology and functional specifications, is constructed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Xiong"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Chunjie"},{"family":"Changhong","given":"Li"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1093/tse/tdag041","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tse/tdag041","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167234632","type":"article-journal","title":"A comprehensive deep regional electrical resistivity dataset of Taiwan from magnetotelluric surveys","abstract":"This article presents a comprehensive electrical resistivity dataset of Taiwan derived from a multi-decadal compilation of magnetotelluric (MT) observations. The dataset integrates 406 MT sounding stations acquired between 1995 and 2026, providing island-wide spatial coverage of the Taiwanese orogenic belt. To ensure consistency across historical and recent measurements, all raw MT data were reprocessed using a standardized workflow based on one-dimensional (1D) inversion, generating a consistent set of resistivity–depth profiles for each station. The processed 1D results were further integrated to construct a regional three-dimensional (3D) resistivity model of Taiwan. Data processing and model generation were performed using an open-source Python-based workflow. Visualization and grid construction were implemented using the PyVista library, while interactive 3D exploration was enabled through ParaView. The dataset covers an area of approximately 38,019 km² with a perimeter of about 919 km and extends to a maximum investigation depth of 60 km. The model grid has a horizontal resolution of d x ,d y = 5 km and a vertical resolution of d z = 0.5 km, resulting in approximately 181,440 cells. The dataset is provided in formats compatible with commonly used geophysical and geoscientific software, including both the individual 1D inversion models and the derived regional 3D resistivity framework. These data provide a valuable resource for studies of regional tectonics, geothermal systems, and crustal structure in Taiwan. Previous scientific interpretations derived from portions of this MT dataset have been reported in Chang, et al. [1], Amania, et al. [2], Chang, et al. [3], Chen, et al. [4], Chen, et al. [5], Chen, et al. [6], Chen and Chen [7], Chiang, et al. [8], Chiang, et al. [9], Bertrand, et al. [10] and Bertrand, et al. [11].","author":[{"family":"Puntu","given":"Jordi"},{"family":"Chang","given":"Ping"},{"family":"Chen","given":"CC"},{"family":"Amania","given":"Haiyina"},{"family":"Widyaningrum","given":"Yekti"},{"family":"Suryantara","given":"MSA"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.dib.2026.113047","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2026.113047","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167485315","type":"article-journal","title":"Sealing Performance of Sn58Bi Low-Melting-Point Alloy for B-Annulus Plugging Under Cyclic Loading","abstract":"In geological carbon storage, cyclic casing loading can induce micro-annuli in the B-annulus cement sheath, risking CO2 leakage. Compared with conventional cement, the Sn58Bi low-melting-point alloy boasts excellent flowability and favorable elastoplastic behavior, emerging as a promising sealing alternative. This study focuses on enhancing wellbore integrity by using Sn58Bi alloy to seal the B-annulus cement sheath. An experimental system was established to simulate micro-annulus evolution, with gas migration tests conducted under cyclic internal pressure to systematically evaluate the effects of temperature and cyclic loading on the alloy’s sealing performance. Additionally, a three-layer casing–annulus–formation coupling model was constructed to investigate the radial displacement of the Sn58Bi alloy sheath and cement sheath at 30 °C and 20 MPa casing pressure, clarifying their distinct mechanical responses. Results show that the alloy’s sealing performance improves with temperature (30–90 °C), while elevated cyclic internal pressure accelerates gas breakthrough and reduces sustainable cycles. Under identical conditions (30 °C, 20 MPa), Sn58Bi alloy exhibits significantly superior CO2 sealing capacity to conventional cement. This study confirms the alloy’s potential for enhancing wellbore integrity and provides theoretical support for its application in B-annulus plugging during subsurface carbon storage.","author":[{"family":"Zha","given":"Chunqing"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Jiajun"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Gonghui"},{"family":"Liu","given":"WJ"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/met16070739","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met16070739","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171359895","type":"article-journal","title":"The renaissance of carbon capture and storage in Germany and the politics of conditionality","abstract":"Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is currently experiencing a renaissance, especially as a means to address so-called hard-to-abate emissions and achieve net-zero climate targets through carbon dioxide removal. However, the role of CCS in climate policy is controversial, given concerns over reinforced carbon lock-in and its potential to weaken other mitigation efforts (mitigation deterrence). We investigate why and how CCS has made a comeback in Germany. Based on approaches from critical political economy and historical-materialist policy analysis (HMPA) we find that the main fault line is whether CCS should be applied only conditionally to hard-to-abate emissions or in a technology-open approach. Our results reveal coalitional, discursive and institutional factors that undermined a limited, conditional approach to CCS that would have reduced the risk of carbon lock-in compared to a technology-open approach.","author":[{"family":"Haas","given":"Tobias"},{"family":"Brad","given":"Alina"},{"family":"Schneider","given":"Etienne"},{"family":"Hüttenhain","given":"Zoé"},{"family":"Koinzer","given":"Joza"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1080/09644016.2026.2700726","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2026.2700726","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130502278","type":"article-journal","title":"Circular RNA expression landscapes in myelodysplastic neoplasms: Associations with mutational signatures and disease progression","abstract":"Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) are heterogeneous malignancies originating in hematopoietic stem cells. In this explorative study, we carried out ultra-deep total RNA sequencing on FACS-sorted CD34+ bone marrow cells from 71 patients and eight healthy age-matched controls. We investigated the expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs), a group of noncoding RNAs produced by back-splicing of nonadjacent splice sites. Key findings were further explored in an independent cohort of 118 patients with MDS and ring sideroblasts. circRNA abundance was higher in the disease groups than in controls, and different spliceosome mutations were associated with distinct circRNA expression patterns. Expression of the proliferation-related gene MKI67 was negatively correlated with circRNA abundance. High circRNA abundance was associated with a significantly increased risk of disease progression at 3 years. The majority of the 38 circRNAs that were significantly upregulated in MDS demonstrated highly correlated expression, and many were associated with risk of leukemic progression. Furthermore, we confirmed the specificity of circZEB1 expression to cases with SF3B1 mutations. We conclude that aberrant circRNA expression is found in MDS and displays associations with disease characteristics and patient outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Wedge","given":"Eileen"},{"family":"Tulstrup","given":"Morten"},{"family":"Todisco","given":"Gabriele"},{"family":"Moura","given":"Pedro"},{"family":"Côme","given":"Christophé"},{"family":"Hansen","given":"Jakob"},{"family":"Jespersen","given":"Jakob"},{"family":"Schlotmann","given":"Balthasar"},{"family":"Creignou","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Dahl","given":"Mette"},{"family":"Schöllkopf","given":"Claudia"},{"family":"Raaschoujensen","given":"Klas"},{"family":"Wennerberg","given":"Krister"},{"family":"Porse","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Weischenfeldt","given":"Joachim"},{"family":"Hellströmlindberg","given":"Eva"},{"family":"Kristensen","given":"Lasse"},{"family":"Grønbæk","given":"Kirsten"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/1878-0261.70208","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1878-0261.70208","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165393415","type":"article-journal","title":"Distributed low-carbon hydrogen for freight corridors: siting hydrogen refueling station with onsite production on New England highways","abstract":"This work presents an integrated geospatial-technoeconomic optimization framework for siting modular blue and green hydrogen production units co-located with hydrogen refueling stations (HRS) along U.S highways, with a case study focused on New England. The workflow identifies geospatial highway networks and natural gas infrastructure intersections, estimates hydrogen demand based on heavy-duty truck flows from U.S. Freight Analysis Framework, and formulates a mixed-integer linear program (MILP) that selects technology candidates and their capacities to minimize total cost, subject to corridor coverage and supply-demand constraints. Two onsite hydrogen production scenarios are evaluated: a green hydrogen-only production case and a mixed configuration combining modular green and blue hydrogen. Results indicate that, under a 5% hydrogen adoption scenario in truck traffic, 29 HRS with onsite hydrogen production are needed in the New England region. These findings highlight the benefits of integrating local hydrogen production with HRS planning to reduce the reliance on centralized hydrogen delivery and storage infrastructure.","author":[{"family":"Irhamna","given":"Adrian"},{"family":"Beykal","given":"Burcu"},{"family":"Bollas","given":"George"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.69997/sct.142676","URL":"https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.142676","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7117233883","type":"article-journal","title":"Palliative care consultation for end-of-life decision-making in hospitalised patients: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Hospitalised patients nearing the end of life (EOL) often face complex treatment decisions, leading to potential conflicts among care teams, patients and families. Palliative care consultations may enhance decision-making processes, improve satisfaction and reduce unnecessary interventions. This systematic review will assess the impact of palliative care consultations on treatment decisions, family and patient satisfaction, and psychological outcomes in hospitalised adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will include randomised controlled trials comparing palliative care consultations to standard care in hospitalised adults. The primary outcomes will include decisions to withhold or withdraw treatments, patient and family satisfaction with EOL decision-making, and psychological outcomes such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Secondary outcomes will include intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay, utilisation of potentially non-beneficial treatments, and the use of institutional policies or legal actions. Databases including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL and PsycINFO will be systematically searched from inception to September 2025. Two independent reviewers will screen studies and extract data using Covidence. Meta-analyses will use random-effects models to generate pooled estimates for primary and secondary outcomes. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool, and evidence certainty will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Subgroup analyses will explore variations by ICU versus non-ICU settings, cancer versus non-cancer diagnoses and default versus clinician-initiated consultations. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval is not required for this review. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD420250624190.","author":[{"family":"Haddad","given":"Ghazal"},{"family":"Ajzenberg","given":"Henry"},{"family":"Davis","given":"FD"},{"family":"Fogelman","given":"Patricia"},{"family":"Korzick","given":"Karen"},{"family":"Marshall","given":"Mary"},{"family":"Naylor","given":"Douglas"},{"family":"Swoboda","given":"Sandra"},{"family":"Reid","given":"Julie"},{"family":"Oczkowski","given":"Simon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1136/bmjopen-2025-110582","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2025-110582","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W7171415944","type":"article-journal","title":"Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles Of Bacterial Isolates Obtained From Diverse Clinical Specimens Of ICU Patients","abstract":"The present study was assess the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates obtained from various clinical specimens of patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Among the 550 clinical samples analyzed, 178 reported positive bacterial growth. These isolates were recovered from ten different categories of clinical specimens collected across seven distinct ICUs. Total 178 isolates, 55 (30.89%) were identified as gram-negative bacilli producing β-lactamase enzymes, including ESβL, AmpC β-lactamase, and combined ESβL+AmpC producers. Gram-negative bacilli were the predominant pathogens isolated, with Klebsiella pneumoniae (53 isolates) being the most frequent, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29 isolates). Colistin sulphate and polymyxin-B demonstrated the highest efficacy against gramnegative bacilli, followed by tigecycline, amikacin, meropenem, and imipenem. For gram-positive cocci, vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid were the most effective agents, with rifampicin, mupirocin, lincomycin, clindamycin, and daptomycin showing good activity. Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed flucytosine as the most effective drug against yeast isolates, followed by amphotericin-B and voriconazole. This investigation provides valuable insight into the prevailing antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from ICU patients in tertiary care hospitals. Routine monitoring of antibiotic sensitivity trends can play a crucial role in reducing the incidence of hospital acquired infections as well as limiting the spread of antimicrobial resistance.","author":[{"family":"Patel","given":"Priyanka"},{"family":"Hr","given":"Patel"},{"family":"Patel","given":"Devanshi"},{"family":"Bhatt","given":"Shreyas"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.25258/ijddt.16.69s.93","URL":"https://doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.16.69s.93","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7170738664","type":"article-journal","title":"MORTALIDADE POR CÂNCER DE COLO DO ÚTERO NA REGIÃO DO BAIXO AMAZONAS NO PERÍODO DE 2021 A 2023","abstract":"O câncer de colo do útero está relacionado à infecção persistente pelo HPV e representa importante causa de mortalidade feminina. Objetivou-se analisar a mortalidade por câncer de colo de útero nos municípios do Baixo Amazonas, no estado do Pará no período de 2021 a 2023. Trata-se Estudo exploratório, retrospectivo e quantitativo, com dados obtidos no DATASUS, INCA e Ministério da Saúde, analisando variáveis sociodemográficas e epidemiológicas. Foram registrados 622 óbitos no período, sendo 347 em Santarém. Houve predominância entre mulheres acima de 39 anos, pardas e com baixa escolaridade. A maioria dos óbitos ocorreu em ambiente hospitalar, sugerindo diagnóstico tardio. Municípios mais distantes apresentaram menores registros, possivelmente relacionados à subnotificação e dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde. A centralização dos serviços oncológicos em Santarém e as falhas no rastreamento e prevenção dificultam o diagnóstico precoce e o início oportuno do tratamento. A mortalidade por câncer de colo do útero no Baixo Amazonas permanece elevada, reforçando a necessidade de ampliar ações de rastreamento, prevenção e educação em saúde, além de fortalecer políticas públicas voltadas às populações de difícil acesso.","author":[{"family":"Teixeira","given":"Évinny"},{"family":"Silva","given":"LDPD"},{"family":"Neves","given":"Melissa"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Micael"},{"family":"Spinola","given":"Mara"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.51891/rease.v12i7.27347","URL":"https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v12i7.27347","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168269577","type":"article-journal","title":"How Adsorbent Thermodynamics Shape Direct Air Capture Performance: A Global Sensitivity Study","abstract":"Summary Direct air capture (DAC) of CO2 is a promising strategy for achieving negative emissions, but the performance of DAC processes strongly depends on the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the adsorbent materials. In this study, we investigate the impact of key step-isotherm parameters of the diamine-functionalised metal-organic framework mmen-Mg2(dobpdc) on DAC performance using a combination of temperature-vacuum swing adsorption (TVSA) modelling and variance-based global sensitivity analysis (Sobol method). Three parameters, step pressure at reference temperature (PstepO), step enthalpy (AH High), and high-loading saturation capacity (qH), were systematically varied within physically realistic ranges. The TVSA simulations under CO2 purity ≥ 98% enabled the evaluation of process productivity and specific energy consumption (SEC). The Sobol analysis revealed that ∆H High is the dominant parameter controlling both productivity and SEC, while significant interaction effects were observed between AH High and qH for productivity, and between PsteP0, and AH High for SEC. Visualisation of feasible parameter combinations highlights regions where multiple configurations achieve high productivity with manageable energy requirements. These results provide quantitative guidance for the targeted design of cooperative step-isotherm adsorbents and demonstrate a systematic framework to link material properties with process-level performance, accelerating the development of efficient DAC technologies.","author":[{"family":"Ghiri","given":"MN"},{"family":"Nasriani","given":"HR"},{"family":"Khajehnoori","given":"L"},{"family":"Rasmussen","given":"SK"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3997/2214-4609.202622011","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202622011","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1002/ajh.70205","type":"article-journal","title":"Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential and Clonal Cytopenias of Undetermined Significance: 2026 Update on Clinical Associations and Management Recommendations.","abstract":"CONDITION OVERVIEW: Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) refers to the presence of somatic variants in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) that result in expansion over time. DIAGNOSIS: CH of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is operationally defined as pathogenic variants in oncogenic driver genes occurring in HSPCs at variant allele frequencies ≥ 2%. CLINICAL ASSOCIATIONS: CH is associated with increased risk for progressive cytopenias (also called clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance), hematological (predominantly myeloid but also lymphoid) neoplasms, cytosis (including monocytosis), and nonhematological conditions such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. CH is linked to numerous other diseases including venous thromboembolism, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, and gout, with a potential protective impact in Alzheimer's disease (AD). MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS: CH detection is becoming increasingly common due to the ubiquitous use of somatic and germline sequencing in clinical practice, particularly, in oncology. The clinical implications of CH are most relevant in therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN), with antecedent CH clones in genes such as TP53, PPM1D, and/or CHEK2 having a clear selection advantage. Furthermore, genetic predisposition to CH has provided some clarity on the origin and evolution of CH. We are currently defining the role for CH assessment in individuals with persistent (≥ 4 months) unexplained cytopenias, in patients with malignancies prior to adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation or radionuclide therapy, screening prior to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, and to work-up potentially germline mosaic variants.","author":[{"family":"Mangaonkar","given":"Abhishek"},{"family":"Bolton","given":"Kelly"},{"family":"Patnaik","given":"Mrinal"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ajh.70205","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.70205","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12872-025-05365-5","type":"article-journal","title":"Associations between perceived social support, self-efficacy, and health-promoting behaviors in hospitalized heart failure patients: a cross-sectional study.","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Heart failure is a major health challenge requiring long-term management. The current study pursed the goal to discover the relationship between perceived social support with self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviors in patients hospitalized in cardiac care units. METHOD: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 193 patients with heart failure (EF ≤ 35, NYHA class I/II) participating in the study at south of Iran in 2024 using a convenience sampling method. The data were collected with three standard questionnaires: Sullivan Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale (α = 0.93), Cheraghi's Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) (α = 0.87), and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile(HPLP-II) (α = 0.86). The data were analyzed via SPSS-26 using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential tests (Pearson). RESULTS: As the results divulged, perceived social support was significantly associated with self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviors in heart failure patients (P < 0.001). The highest correlation was reported between emotional support and self-efficacy (r = 0.9) and also between instrumental support and stress management at the dimensional level (r = 0.558). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: According to the findings, the patients who had higher levels of social support outperformed in disease management and adherence to health behaviors. Social support plays a key role in building up self-efficacy and enhancing health-promoting behaviors in heart failure sufferers. The results highlighted the importance of considering support systems in the treatment and care programs of such patients.","author":[{"family":"Montazeri","given":"Akram"},{"family":"Azizi","given":"Zahra"},{"family":"Ranjbar","given":"Leila"},{"family":"Rezaei","given":"Soheila"},{"family":"Zare","given":"AYMT"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12872-025-05365-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-05365-5","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-49561-5","type":"article-journal","title":"A hybrid simulation-machine learning proxy model for waterflood design optimization in the Bahariya Formation.","abstract":"This study presents a novel hybrid methodology combining machine learning (ML) with conventional reservoir simulation to optimize waterflooding in the geologically complex Bahariya Formation, Western Desert, Egypt. The research addresses the critical need for accurate oil recovery efficiency (RF%) prediction by developing and deploying robust data-driven models. Linear regression quantified the impact of nine key parameters across three injection patterns. A pivotal finding from numerical simulation was the ranking of Ultimate Oil Recovery (UOR) for each pattern under identical conditions: Peripheral flooding achieved the highest recovery at 44.7%, followed by Staggered Line Drive (SLD) at 39.4%, and the 5-Spot pattern at 33.7%. Our ML models demonstrated exceptional predictive accuracy, with R² scores of 0.974, 0.972, and 0.953 for the respective patterns, and a correspondingly low RMSE range of 0.0057-0.0085. Permutation importance analysis quantified the dominant influence of residual oil saturation (Sor), accounting for 38-42% of predictive power. Crucially, the models revealed distinct, pattern-dependent control parameters: injection rate (WINJ) showed markedly higher sensitivity in the Peripheral pattern (23% contribution), while API gravity was the second most important feature for the 5-Spot pattern (18% contribution). The findings provide a validated, efficient framework for rapid waterflooding scenario screening and optimization. This work highlights the substantial potential of hybrid AI-numerical approaches to enhance decision making and challenges conventional assumptions about pattern selection, demonstrating that the optimal pattern is profoundly dependent on specific reservoir characteristics. Field engineers can apply these insights to optimize injection strategies during reservoir development planning, potentially increasing recovery factors while reducing reliance on time-intensive simulation runs.","author":[{"family":"Gad","given":"Ramy"},{"family":"Salem","given":"Adel"},{"family":"Farouk","given":"Omar"},{"family":"El-Hoshoudy","given":"AN"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-026-49561-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-49561-5","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.4103/abr.abr_103_25","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparison of the Effects of Foot and Hand Reflexology on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit.","abstract":"Background: Anxiety and pain are common challenges among patients admitted to the cardiac care unit (CCU). This study aimed to compare the effects of hand and foot reflexology on anxiety and pain in CCU patients. Materials and Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted between June and September 2024. Of the 131 patients assessed for eligibility, 108 were enrolled and randomly assigned to three groups: hand reflexology, foot reflexology, and control. Reflexology sessions were performed twice daily over three consecutive days. Anxiety was evaluated using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and pain was measured with the visual analog scale. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t -tests, with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: No significant differences were found among the groups regarding demographic or baseline clinical characteristics ( P > 0.05), confirming initial group homogeneity. Following the intervention, both the hand and foot reflexology groups showed significant reductions in state and trait anxiety scores ( P < 0.001), while the control group exhibited no significant changes. However, post-intervention pain scores did not significantly differ among the three groups ( P = 0.563). Within-group analysis revealed a significant reduction in pain only in the hand reflexology group. Conclusion: Hand and foot reflexology were both effective in reducing anxiety in CCU patients. Hand reflexology also demonstrated potential for reducing pain, suggesting it may serve as a useful complementary therapy in critical care settings.","author":[{"family":"Zeidy","given":"Pouya"},{"family":"Safdari","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Kerami","given":"Azam"},{"family":"Safarabadi","given":"Mehdi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.4103/abr.abr_103_25","URL":"https://doi.org/10.4103/abr.abr_103_25","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1849302","type":"article-journal","title":"The current status and influencing factors of medication literacy among patients with cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","abstract":"Background As an important domain of health literacy, medication literacy plays a critical role in ensuring the safe and effective use of medicines, especially among individuals with Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). Nevertheless, evidence regarding the overall level of medication literacy and the factors influencing it in this population remains limited. This study aimed to systematically evaluate medication literacy levels among patients with CVDs and to identify associated factors based on the Health Ecological Model (HEM). Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and the Vertically Integrated Projects database (VIP) for studies published in English or Chinese from database inception to 30 December 2025. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, quality assessment, data extraction, and analysis. Mean medication literacy scores and corresponding effect sizes were pooled using meta-analysis in Stata 18.0. Random-effects models were applied for all analyses due to substantial heterogeneity across studies. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I 2 test. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias were also assessed. Results A total of 34 studies involving 9,599 patients were included. Of these, 30 studies reported medication literacy levels. Given the substantial heterogeneity observed across all instrument subgroups, random-effects models were applied for pooling. The pooled mean scores were as follows: the Medication Literacy Questionnaire (MLQ): 4.56 [95% CI (4.36, 4.77), I 2 = 95.7%]; the Medication Literacy Scale in Spanish and English (MedLitRxSE): 7.49 [95% CI (6.46, 8.52), I 2 = 97.7%]; and the Chinese Medication Literacy Scale for Hypertensive Patients (C-MLSHP): 24.09 [95% CI (23.72, 24.45), I 2 = 64.2%]. Twenty-four studies reported factors associated with medication literacy. Significant factors included age, department of hospitalization, comorbid hypertension, and number of discharge medications (personal traits); self-efficacy (psychological and behavioral characteristics); social support (social networking); income level and educational attainment (work and living conditions); and receipt of medication education (policy and environmental factors). Conclusion Medication literacy among patients with CVDs remains suboptimal and is influenced by multidimensional factors. Individualized patient education, standardized counseling protocols, community-based services, and healthcare provider training are urgently needed. Multilevel interventions grounded in the HEM hold promise for improving medication use and informing policy development. Future large-scale, longitudinal studies employing standardized assessment tools are needed to elucidate causal relationships, underlying mechanisms, and sources of heterogeneity. Systematic Review Registration The protocol for this systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251208289, available at: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251208289 ).","author":[{"family":"Xu","given":"Ting"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Qian"},{"family":"Ni","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiuchuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fphar.2026.1849302","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1849302","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00277-025-06278-1","type":"article-journal","title":"Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of DDX41 mutation in myeloid neoplasms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","abstract":"DDX41 is one of the most frequently altered genes in familial acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome (AML/MDS). Mutation of DDX41 has been widely reported in various types of myeloid neoplasms. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the clinical characteristics and relationship between DDX41 mutations and OS in myeloid neoplasm patients. We thoroughly searched the PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases. Two reviewers separately reviewed and extracted the data. Twenty studies totaling 9,058 patients have been integrated into the meta-analysis. The extensive pooled analysis showed a significant association between DDX41 mutations and improved OS (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.93, P = 0.01). Subgroup analysis confirmed that DDX41 mutation operated to be a reliable positive indicator of OS when subdivided by different types of myeloid neoplasms. In terms of the clinicopathological value, DDX41 mutations were significantly correlated with the male sex. Age, AML prevalence, bone marrow, or white blood cell counts did not correlate with any findings. The top three genetic variants were p.M1I, p.D140fs, and p.R525H. Co-mutations in patients with DDX41 mutations most commonly include the following: additional sex combs-like 1 (ASXL1), DNA methyltransferase 3 A (DNMT3A), tumor protein p53 (TP53), ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2). Our results substantiate that DDX41 mutations were associated with significantly good OS and provide more insight into the clinicopathological characteristics of DDX41 mutations in individuals with myeloid neoplasms.","author":[{"family":"Miao","given":"Liying"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Minghui"},{"family":"Tao","given":"Yihao"},{"family":"Han","given":"Yangyang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s00277-025-06278-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-025-06278-1","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4406892005","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent catalytic advances in the production of adipic acid and its esters from bio-based C6 molecules and carbon dioxide","abstract":"Adipic acid (AA), used in the manufacture of nylon-6,6, polyurethane, and plasticizers, is derived from multi-stage processing of petrochemical resources, posing serious harms to human being and environment. Owing to the recent mounting concern over carbon footprint, the establishment of AA and its esters from renewable bio-based C6 molecules and carbon dioxide (CO2) has come into the limelight. Here, we review the eco-friendly valorization of renewable bio-based C6 molecules, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural derivatives (e.g. 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2,5-tetrahydrofuran dicarboxylic acid, and 1,6-hexanediol), sugar acid derivatives (i.e. d-glucaric acid, d-glucarate-6,3-lactone esters, glucarodilactone, mucic acid, and muconic acid), and CO2 into AA and its esters through a wide assortment of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. The aspects of catalyst evaluation, operating conditions, and reaction mechanisms are comprehensively discussed. Last but not least, specific advices for developing novel catalytic systems and future opportunities in the sustainable production of AA and its esters are also provided.","author":[{"family":"Mishra","given":"Dinesh"},{"family":"Truong","given":"Cong"},{"family":"Jo","given":"Yeongin"},{"family":"Suh","given":"Young"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/17518253.2025.2457497","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2025.2457497","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406847686","type":"article-journal","title":"Tailoring Electrocarboxylation Pathways on Lead Cathodes: Insights into Electrolysis Mode","abstract":"Abstract Electrocarboxylation, the electrochemical addition of CO2 to organic substrates using renewable energy, offers a promising approach for carbon capture and utilization. However, commercial viability remains limited due to poor product selectivity and yields. In this work, we investigate how the electrolysis mode – chronoamperometry (CA) versus chronopotentiometry (CP) – influences the electrocarboxylation mechanisms of phenyl‐activated substrates, Benzaldehyde, Styrene, and Benzylbromide, on Lead electrodes. By employing cyclic voltammetry (CV), in situ FTIR, and bulk electrolysis, we explore how these modes affect product selectivity and reaction efficiency. Our results show that substrate‐activated mechanisms, such as those observed for Benzaldehyde and Benzylbromide, achieve higher selectivity and reduced side‐product formation under CA conditions, while CP leads to increased side reactions. In contrast, Styrene exhibits more complex behavior, with CP favoring di‐carboxylation, while CA enhances mono‐carboxylation. These findings highlight the significant impact of electrolysis mode on controlling electrocarboxylation pathways, providing valuable insights for optimizing selective and efficient synthesis processes.","author":[{"family":"Bruggeman","given":"Didjay"},{"family":"Zwart","given":"M"},{"family":"Garcia","given":"Amanda"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/celc.202400580","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.202400580","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413381088","type":"article-journal","title":"Decarbonisation Prospects of the Chemical and Petrochemical Industry in Italy","abstract":"Although the chemical and petrochemical (C&P) industry is a cornerstone of the Italian and European economies, it is also an intensive energy consumer and a high emitter of greenhouse gases. Europe’s decarbonisation trajectory is often examined through the lens of individual countries, as key factors such as industry status, structure and resource accessibility may differ across nations. This study specifically examines the Italian C&P industry, with an emphasis on the basic chemicals sector. It reviews the current status of the production processes, technologies, energy consumption and carbon footprint in the sector, along with advancements towards decarbonisation. Key decarbonisation technologies are reviewed, highlighting their current use or research and development status. The primary barriers to the adoption of prospective decarbonisation solutions (e.g., increased costs and need for additional renewable capacity and infrastructure development) are discussed. While the Italian C&P sector has adopted strategies to enhance energy efficiency and waste recovery and utilisation, it is uncertain whether the industry will be able to meet the 2050 carbon emissions targets by relying on these two decarbonisation approaches alone. A combination of additional decarbonisation technologies, including electrification, green hydrogen and carbon capture utilisation and storage, will likely be necessary. However, technical challenges exist due to the maturity level of these technologies and their applicability to highly integrated processes. Appropriate, timely policy support will be crucial to aiding the green transition of the Italian C&P sector while safeguarding its significant role in the Italian economy.","author":[{"family":"Lorenzo","given":"Giuseppina"},{"family":"Bischi","given":"Aldo"},{"family":"Desideri","given":"Umberto"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18164346","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18164346","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410982342","type":"article-journal","title":"Study on CO 2 Injection in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs to Enhance Recovery and Burial Mechanism","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide To study the mechanism of CO 2 injection in tight sandstone gas reservoirs for enhanced recovery and geological storage, we conducted experimental studies based on the reservoir conditions in West Sichuan. These studies focused on the properties of CO 2 and CH 4, their adsorption and diffusion under high temperature and high pressure, the interactions of CO 2 with tight sandstone and formation water, and the displacement efficiency of the CO 2 injection in long core samples. The results show that under reservoir conditions, the adsorption capacity of CO 2 in tight sandstone is nearly four times higher than that of CH 4, and its diffusion capacity is also four times higher. This enables CO 2 to replace adsorbed CH 4 through competitive adsorption. Due to the greater density of CO 2 compared to CH 4, gravitational differentiation causes CO 2 to sink below CH 4, pushing CH 4 upward in the reservoir. This process facilitates the sequestration of CO 2 and enhances the recovery of natural gas. Additionally, CO 2 injection dissolves feldspar and calcite in dense sandstone minerals, generating kaolinite, iron dolomite, and chlorite. The dissolution effect exceeds precipitation, leading to an increase in permeability by 73.25 to 91.15% and an increase in porosity by 0.65 to 0.72%. This improves the reservoir’s seepage characteristics, reduces the minimum flow pressure of liquids in the pores, decreases water-phase trapping damage, and ultimately increases gas recovery. This study provides technical guidance for the efficient development of tight sandstone gas reservoirs and geological storage of CO 2 .","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yulong"},{"family":"Teng","given":"Xiaolan"},{"family":"Zhai","given":"Wenya"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yaobo"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.4c09892","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c09892","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118086421","type":"article-journal","title":"Enhancing Green Methanol Production via CO2 Hydrogenation: Process Intensification using Plug Flow Reactor and Vanden Bussche-Froment","abstract":"The transition to renewable energy in Indonesia requires strategic solutions for carbon capture and utilization (CCU). Methanol synthesis from captured CO2 and green hydrogen offers a promising pathway but is hindered by thermodynamic equilibrium limitations and high energy consumption in the purification section. This study aims to develop an intensified process design for green methanol production integrated with a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) using Aspen HYSYS V11, specifically focusing on optimizing yield via a Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) and the Vanden Bussche-Froment (VBF) kinetic equation. The simulation results demonstrated that the Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) configuration achieved a single-pass CO2 conversion of 21.4% at 250 °C and 50 bar, highlighting the baseline challenge of equilibrium limitations in a conventional setup. Furthermore, the implementation of Heat Integration via a Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) and the Vanden Bussche-Froment (VBF) kinetic equation significantly reduced the total external heating utility requirement by utilizing the sensible heat of the hot reactor effluent. This strategy effectively lowered the energy load on external heaters, replacing high-cost utility usage with efficient internal heat recovery. The integrated DMFC system showed a potential electrical efficiency of 42%. Conclusion: The proposed process intensification significantly enhances the techno-economic feasibility of green methanol plants in Indonesia, offering a sustainable solution for industrial decarbonization. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by Universitas Diponegoro and BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).","author":[{"family":"Zaki","given":"Faiz"},{"family":"Alifio","given":"Alifio"},{"family":"Irfan","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Boas","given":"Job"},{"family":"Amrullah","given":"MRM"},{"family":"Ardan","given":"Hanif"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.9767/jcerp.20601","URL":"https://doi.org/10.9767/jcerp.20601","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7108743367","type":"article-journal","title":"BIOMARCADORES NO CÂNCER DO COLO DO ÚTERO: A BIOMEDICINA E ENFERMAGEM JUNTAS NO DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE","abstract":"INTRODUÇÃO: O CÂNCER DO COLO DO ÚTERO (CCU) É UM PROBLEMA DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA BRASILEIRO, SENDO A QUARTA CAUSA DE MORTE POR CÂNCER FEMININO, COM MAIOR IMPACTO NAS REGIÕES NORTE E NORDESTE. A DETECÇÃO COM ANÁLISE DOS BIOMARCADORES É DECISIVA PARA REDUZIR A MORBIMORTALIDADE. A INTEGRAÇÃO ENTRE ENFERMAGEM, AO COLETAR EXAMES, E BIOMEDICINA, NA ANÁLISE E EMISSÃO DE LAUDOS, POSSIBILITA IDENTIFICAÇÃO PRECOCE, FAVORECE O INÍCIO OPORTUNO DO TRATAMENTO E MELHORA O DESFECHO CLÍNICO. OBJETIVO: DISCUTIR A LEITURA DOS BIOMARCADORES NO CCU, ANALISANDO A INTEGRAÇÃO ENTRE ENFERMAGEM E BIOMEDICINA. MÉTODOS: TRATA-SE DE REVISÃO NARRATIVA COM BUSCA EM TRÊS ETAPAS: (1) IDENTIFICAÇÃO DOS ARTIGOS ATRAVÉS DOS DESCRITORES “BIOMARKERS, TUMOR” AND “UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS”; (2) TRIAGEM POR TÍTULOS E RESUMOS; (3) SELEÇÃO PARA LEITURA INTEGRAL. NA BASE LILACS FORAM SELECIONADOS 12 ARTIGOS, E NA PUBMED, 25. INCLUIU-SE PUBLICAÇÕES ENTRE 2020 E 2025 E EXCLUIU-SE ESTUDOS DUPLICADOS, REVISÕES DE LITERATURA E NÃO RELACIONADOS AO TEMA. RESULTADOS: OS ESTUDOS ANALISADOS EVIDENCIARAM OS BIOMARCADORES P16INK4A, KI-67 E HPV-DNA COMO MAIS UTILIZADOS PARA AUMENTAR A ACURÁCIA E REDUZIR FALSO-NEGATIVOS. A COMBINAÇÃO ENTRE P16 E KI-67 AUXILIA NA DETECÇÃO DE LESÕES DE ALTO GRAU, AGILIZANDO O TRATAMENTO. A UTILIZAÇÃO DA CITOLOGIA EM MEIO LÍQUIDO MELHORA A QUALIDADE DAS AMOSTRAS E POSSIBILITA ANÁLISES REFLEXAS DE BIOMARCADORES, COMO A PESQUISA DE PAPILOMAVÍRUS HUMANO - HPV. DE FORMA TRANSVERSAL, A INTERAÇÃO ENTRE A ENFERMAGEM, NA COLETA QUALIFICADA DE AMOSTRAS E A BIOMEDICINA, NA ANÁLISE E INTERPRETAÇÃO DOS BIOMARCADORES, É EFICAZ AO OFERECER DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE, ENCAMINHAR AO TRATAMENTO E REDUZIR A CHANCE DE EVOLUÇÃO DO CCU. CONCLUSÃO: CONFIRMA-SE QUE OS BIOMARCADORES SÃO FUNDAMENTAIS PARA CATALISAR O RASTREAMENTO DO CCU, AUMENTAR A PRECISÃO DIAGNÓSTICA E ANTECIPAR INTERVENÇÕES. A INTEGRAÇÃO MULTIDISCIPLINAR MOSTROU-SE ESSENCIAL PARA GARANTIR COLETAS DE QUALIDADE E ANÁLISES CRITERIOSAS, CONFIGURANDO-SE COMO ESTRATÉGIA EFICAZ PARA REDUZIR ATRASOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO E DIMINUIR A MORBIMORTALIDADE.","author":[{"family":"Soares","given":"Matheus"},{"family":"Lima","given":"Fátima"},{"family":"Saturnino","given":"Wadla"},{"family":"Gomes","given":"Livya"},{"family":"Drumond","given":"Karina"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5281/zenodo.17815336","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17815336","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409729936","type":"article-journal","title":"Energy Efficiency Improvement of Hydraulic Indirect Elevator","abstract":"This article addresses the current issue of energy consumption in the hydraulic drive systems of working machines, with particular emphasis on elevators. This paper describes the results of experimental comparative research and estimation of energy and time consumption for two drive systems of a hydraulic indirect elevator. The purpose of this article is to compare the energy consumption of a typical multi-valve system (MV) system with that of an innovative new electro-hydraulic drive (EHD) system with a variable speed pump. The EHD system uses a frequency converter with an energy recovery module to control the speed of the car in both directions and the return of potential energy during the lowering cycle. The comparison of these drive systems was performed under the same conditions, realizing the same elevator work cycles. This paper proposes methods for estimating the energy consumption of an MV system based on measurement data collected during an experiment. The results indicate that the EHD system was less energy-intensive, even at below 60%. The smaller the load mass, the shorter the operating time of the EHD system compared to the MV system. The introduced coefficients defining the energy consumption per unit of mass and payload displacement showed more than twice the decrease in energy demand during lifting and energy recovery possibility during lowering. The EHD system provides the same coefficient values regardless of the distance traveled, which makes it a predictable system, in contrast to the MV system, especially during lowering cycles. The benefits of the EHD also include a less complex hydraulic system (elimination of most valves).","author":[{"family":"Stawiński","given":"Łukasz"},{"family":"Kosucki","given":"Andrzej"},{"family":"Skowrońska","given":"Justyna"},{"family":"Malenta","given":"Piotr"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18092163","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18092163","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7108675860","type":"article-journal","title":"BIOMARCADORES NO CÂNCER DO COLO DO ÚTERO: A BIOMEDICINA E ENFERMAGEM JUNTAS NO DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE","abstract":"INTRODUÇÃO: O CÂNCER DO COLO DO ÚTERO (CCU) É UM PROBLEMA DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA BRASILEIRO, SENDO A QUARTA CAUSA DE MORTE POR CÂNCER FEMININO, COM MAIOR IMPACTO NAS REGIÕES NORTE E NORDESTE. A DETECÇÃO COM ANÁLISE DOS BIOMARCADORES É DECISIVA PARA REDUZIR A MORBIMORTALIDADE. A INTEGRAÇÃO ENTRE ENFERMAGEM, AO COLETAR EXAMES, E BIOMEDICINA, NA ANÁLISE E EMISSÃO DE LAUDOS, POSSIBILITA IDENTIFICAÇÃO PRECOCE, FAVORECE O INÍCIO OPORTUNO DO TRATAMENTO E MELHORA O DESFECHO CLÍNICO. OBJETIVO: DISCUTIR A LEITURA DOS BIOMARCADORES NO CCU, ANALISANDO A INTEGRAÇÃO ENTRE ENFERMAGEM E BIOMEDICINA. MÉTODOS: TRATA-SE DE REVISÃO NARRATIVA COM BUSCA EM TRÊS ETAPAS: (1) IDENTIFICAÇÃO DOS ARTIGOS ATRAVÉS DOS DESCRITORES “BIOMARKERS, TUMOR” AND “UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS”; (2) TRIAGEM POR TÍTULOS E RESUMOS; (3) SELEÇÃO PARA LEITURA INTEGRAL. NA BASE LILACS FORAM SELECIONADOS 12 ARTIGOS, E NA PUBMED, 25. INCLUIU-SE PUBLICAÇÕES ENTRE 2020 E 2025 E EXCLUIU-SE ESTUDOS DUPLICADOS, REVISÕES DE LITERATURA E NÃO RELACIONADOS AO TEMA. RESULTADOS: OS ESTUDOS ANALISADOS EVIDENCIARAM OS BIOMARCADORES P16INK4A, KI-67 E HPV-DNA COMO MAIS UTILIZADOS PARA AUMENTAR A ACURÁCIA E REDUZIR FALSO-NEGATIVOS. A COMBINAÇÃO ENTRE P16 E KI-67 AUXILIA NA DETECÇÃO DE LESÕES DE ALTO GRAU, AGILIZANDO O TRATAMENTO. A UTILIZAÇÃO DA CITOLOGIA EM MEIO LÍQUIDO MELHORA A QUALIDADE DAS AMOSTRAS E POSSIBILITA ANÁLISES REFLEXAS DE BIOMARCADORES, COMO A PESQUISA DE PAPILOMAVÍRUS HUMANO - HPV. DE FORMA TRANSVERSAL, A INTERAÇÃO ENTRE A ENFERMAGEM, NA COLETA QUALIFICADA DE AMOSTRAS E A BIOMEDICINA, NA ANÁLISE E INTERPRETAÇÃO DOS BIOMARCADORES, É EFICAZ AO OFERECER DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE, ENCAMINHAR AO TRATAMENTO E REDUZIR A CHANCE DE EVOLUÇÃO DO CCU. CONCLUSÃO: CONFIRMA-SE QUE OS BIOMARCADORES SÃO FUNDAMENTAIS PARA CATALISAR O RASTREAMENTO DO CCU, AUMENTAR A PRECISÃO DIAGNÓSTICA E ANTECIPAR INTERVENÇÕES. A INTEGRAÇÃO MULTIDISCIPLINAR MOSTROU-SE ESSENCIAL PARA GARANTIR COLETAS DE QUALIDADE E ANÁLISES CRITERIOSAS, CONFIGURANDO-SE COMO ESTRATÉGIA EFICAZ PARA REDUZIR ATRASOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO E DIMINUIR A MORBIMORTALIDADE.","author":[{"family":"Soares","given":"Matheus"},{"family":"Lima","given":"Fátima"},{"family":"Saturnino","given":"Wadla"},{"family":"Gomes","given":"Livya"},{"family":"Drumond","given":"Karina"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5281/zenodo.17815337","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17815337","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408070371","type":"article-journal","title":"Steroid‐Induced Cardiomyopathy: Insights From a Systematic Literature Review and a Case Report","abstract":"Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) abuse is associated with severe cardiovascular risks, particularly AAS-induced cardiomyopathy. This systematic review highlights that most cases show left ventricular dilation and reduced ejection fraction. AAS, synthetic testosterone derivatives, are widely used to enhance athletic performance and muscle mass. However, misuse of AAS is associated with severe cardiovascular complications, including AAS-induced cardiomyopathy. This study presents a case of AAS-induced cardiomyopathy and systematically reviews the existing literature on the condition. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar using relevant terms related to AAS and cardiomyopathy. Studies were reviewed to assess clinical presentations, patient demographics, AAS regimens, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies. The JBI critical appraisal tool was used to evaluate risk of bias. The review included 32 cases of AAS-induced cardiomyopathy, predominantly in males (97%), with a mean age of 38.3 years. Most patients exhibited left ventricular dilation, reduced ejection fraction, and mitral regurgitation. Most cases showed improvement in heart function after discontinuation of AAS and heart failure treatment. AAS misuse poses significant cardiovascular risks, particularly cardiomyopathy. AAS effect on cardiac remodeling may lead to sudden cardiac death. While some patients recover after cessation, others may require lifelong management. Greater awareness and research are needed to betterunderstand and manage AAS-induced cardiomyopathy.","author":[{"family":"Alhusban","given":"Zaydoun"},{"family":"Alaaraj","given":"Mustafa"},{"family":"Saimeh","given":"Abdul"},{"family":"Nassar","given":"Waleed"},{"family":"Awad","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Ghanima","given":"Kamar"},{"family":"Abouelkheir","given":"Moustafa"},{"family":"Hamed","given":"AM"},{"family":"Afsa","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Morra","given":"Mostafa"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ccr3.70171","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.70171","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408846760","type":"article-journal","title":"Subsurface fracture network characterization for a CO 2 basalt mineralization target: new insight on fluid flow from wellbore logs for the Jizan Group","abstract":"Permanent CO 2 storage in altered basalts, which may have lost most of their primary porosity and permeability, is facilitated by subsurface fractures, governing the fluid flow inside the storage reservoir. A successful pilot test demonstrated the in situ CO 2 mineralization potential of the highly fractured basaltic rocks of the Jizan Group in SW Saudi Arabia. We characterize the subsurface fracture networks utilizing image logs acquired from the wells drilled at the pilot site. The hydraulic connectivity and circulation pathways between the injector and producer wells are inferred by combining the fracture distribution, mechanical aperture at the wellbore walls, fracture persistence between the two wells and data acquired from flowmeter logs. Five fracture sets were identified with the most abundant one striking NW–SE and dipping 50–60° towards the SW and NE. Furthermore, an abundance of stress-induced wellbore breakouts reveals a NW–SE direction of the present-day maximum horizontal stress axis. This orientation is consistent with the regional tectonics and it is sub-parallel to the mechanically open fractures, a favourable orientation for fluid flow. Outcrop studies and subsurface data reveal primary rock layers tilting towards the SW and an extensive presence of NE-dipping faults and NW–SE-striking fractures. These observations are consistent with the Jizan Group fracture network characteristics in outcrops. Although, on the surface, the fracture sets that strike in different directions suggest and/or display high interconnectivity, flowmeter logs reveal that despite the basalts being pervasively fractured, fluid flow in the subsurface seems to be controlled predominantly by three fracture zones with wide mechanical apertures. Despite that, our findings align with the positive results from the pilot test, confirming that the subsurface at the site possesses sufficient permeability to transmit injected H 2 O–CO 2 fluid along preferential flow paths, primarily through fractures with wide mechanical apertures. This suggests that the Jizan Group is a good target for in situ CO 2 mineralization in basalt, owing to its extensive fracture network and the presence of highly permeable fluid flow zones, which enable carbonated waters to flow and react with a significant volume of rock.","author":[{"family":"Menegoni","given":"Niccolò"},{"family":"Fedorik","given":"Jakub"},{"family":"Panara","given":"Yuri"},{"family":"Berno","given":"Davide"},{"family":"Addassi","given":"Mouadh"},{"family":"Omar","given":"Abdirizak"},{"family":"Oelkers","given":"Éric"},{"family":"Afifi","given":"Abdulkader"},{"family":"Hoteit","given":"Hussein"},{"family":"Arkadakskiy","given":"Serguey"},{"family":"Kunnummal","given":"Noushad"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Zeyad"},{"family":"Gíslason","given":"SR"},{"family":"Björnsson","given":"G"},{"family":"Finkbeiner","given":"Thomas"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1144/geoenergy2024-037","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1144/geoenergy2024-037","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411868858","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable urea production via CO2 capture from cement plants: A techno-economic analysis with focus on process heat integration and electrification","abstract":"Urea, a key derivative of ammonia, is widely used in agriculture and has a significant impact on food security . This study evaluates a sustainable urea production pathway that utilizes hydrogen generated from water electrolysis for green ammonia synthesis and CO 2 captured from a cement plant using an MEA-based process. This study employed Aspen Plus V12.1 and MATLAB to develop rigorous system-level models of all subsystems involved in the sustainable urea production process. These subsystems include a cryogenic air separation unit (CASU), a modular system of alkaline electrolysers (AEL), a green Haber-Bosch (HB) process, an MEA-based CO 2 capture system, and the Stamicarbon process. To enhance the energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness of urea production, waste heat generated during green ammonia synthesis in the HB process was integrated into the stripper column of the MEA-based CO 2 capture system for solvent regeneration. A detailed economic analysis was conducted to assess the impact of this heat integration (HI) on reducing the CO 2 capture costs and, consequently, the overall urea production costs. Additionally, several heat supply scenarios were evaluated to meet the heat demand of the CO 2 stripper column in the Stamicarbon process. These included natural gas combustion, a cascade heat pump (HP), and natural gas combustion integrated with a cryogenic CO 2 capture (CCC) system. The results indicated that HI significantly decreases both the energy penalty and costs of the MEA-based CO 2 capture process, reducing the CO 2 capture costs by 41.27 % in 2024 and lowering the energy penalty by 50.40 %. Among the scenarios investigated, the cascade HP with HI proved to be the most cost-effective option for urea production. Additionally, electricity costs for operating the modular alkaline electrolyzers (AEL) dominate the sustainable urea production expenses, with 88.07 %–91.26 % of electricity costs allocated to AEL, depending on the selected production scenario. The modular AEL also represents the largest share of initial investment costs, accounting for 90.62 % of total capital expenditures in the urea production process.","author":[{"family":"Asgharian","given":"Hossein"},{"family":"Duran","given":"Albert"},{"family":"Yahyaee","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Pignataro","given":"Valeria"},{"family":"Nielsen","given":"Mads"},{"family":"Iov","given":"Florin"},{"family":"Liso","given":"Vincenzo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150154","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150154","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412041128","type":"article-journal","title":"CHIC: A machine learning framework for inferring the presence of high‐risk clonal hematopoiesis using complete blood count data from 431,531 UK Biobank participants","abstract":"Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is an age-related phenomenon that arises when a hematopoietic stem cell acquires a somatic driver mutation (i.e., one that increases its fitness), leading to clonal expansion of the cell and its progeny.1, 2 Large population-based studies have revealed that the most commonly mutated genes in CH are involved in epigenetic regulation (DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1), signal transduction (JAK2, GNB1), DNA damage response and apoptosis (TP53, PPM1D), and splicing (SF3B1, SRSF2, and U2AF1).1-6 The prevalence of CH increases with advancing age to affect at least 20% of those over 70 years, in whom the phenomenon is almost universally detectable when deep sequencing approaches are employed.1-6 A hallmark of CH is the associated increased risk of incident myeloid neoplasms (MNs), a molecularly heterogeneous group of blood cancers that include acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Recent advances have led to the development of predictive tools that estimate the risk of progression from CH to MN,7, 8 such that individuals at high risk can be identified and prioritized for clinical follow-up. As CH precedes the development of MN by several years,1-3, 7, 9, 10 this provides a window during which high-risk clones could be intercepted and targeted to avert or delay the development of MN. A key impediment to prospective myeloid cancer prevention programs is the lack of a scalable test to identify individuals with CH. At present, CH is identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of blood DNA targeted to a panel of genes recurrently mutated in MN. However, NGS is not performed in routine clinical practice and is impractical and costly to perform at scale. An alternative approach is to leverage low-cost, scalable, routine clinical tests to identify the individuals most likely to harbor CH, who can then be prioritized for sequencing. The complete blood count (CBC) is an inexpensive, routine clinical test, and CBC indices such as the red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean cell volume are known to be associated with progression from CH to MN.10 We therefore sought to explore whether tree-based machine learning (ML) models could detect individuals with CH based on CBC features, through analysis of paired CBC and whole-exome sequencing (WES) data from 431,531 United Kingdom Biobank (UKB) participants. After excluding those with missing CBC data (n = 32,670), missing WES data (n = 36,368), or a prevalent diagnosis of a hematological malignancy (n = 1840), CH variant allele frequency [VAF] ≥2%) was identified in 20,860/431,531 (4.8%) UKB participants, of whom 7637 (36.6%) had large clone CH (VAF ≥10%; Figure 1A, Table S1). Using this UKB dataset, we developed a range of tree-based models using our ML framework, which we henceforth refer to as CHIC (Clonal Hematopoiesis Inference from Counts, see Supplementary Methods). Using CHIC, we initially developed binary classifiers (CH/no CH) agnostic to specific driver mutations (“any-driver CH”), which performed modestly (median area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.62–0.64, Figure S1 and Supplementary Methods/Results). Given the molecular heterogeneity of CH, we then trained driver gene-specific classifiers and found that common mutations in epigenetic modifiers were less accurately predicted (e.g., median AUC 0.60/0.64 for DNMT3A/TET2, respectively), whereas lower prevalence, high-risk mutations in JAK2, CALR, SF3B1, SRSF2, and U2AF1 were more accurately predicted (median AUC 0.82–0.94, Figure 1, see also Supplementary Results, Table S2). Ensemble ML algorithms performed best (Figure 1), and further analysis showed that although age and sex alone were weak predictors, incorporating these demographic features improved classifier performance, particularly for splicing factor gene mutations (Figure 1C). As such, we focused on further optimizing Random Forest (RF) models using age, sex, and CBC indice","author":[{"family":"Dunn","given":"William"},{"family":"Withnell","given":"Isabella"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Muxin"},{"family":"Quirós","given":"Pedro"},{"family":"Kovilakam","given":"Sruthi"},{"family":"Marando","given":"Ludovica"},{"family":"Wen","given":"Sean"},{"family":"Fabre","given":"Margarete"},{"family":"Mohorianu","given":"Irina"},{"family":"Vuckovic","given":"Dragana"},{"family":"Vassiliou","given":"George"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/hem3.70169","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hem3.70169","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4416789150","type":"article-journal","title":"Solar-Thermal Process Intensification for Blue Hydrogen Production: Integrated Steam Methane Reforming with a Waste-Derived Red Mud Catalyst","abstract":"The transition to low-carbon energy systems necessitates innovative design strategies for decarbonizing hydrogen production, particularly in industrial-scale applications where steam methane reforming (SMR) remains predominant. This study proposes a novel, integrated process design for blue hydrogen production that addresses both energy and environmental sustainability through process intensification and resource valorization. A hybrid system was developed that combines solar thermal energy input with the catalytic potential of industrial waste, specifically, red mud, a byproduct of alumina refining. A solar parabolic dish (SPD) was engineered to contribute 10% of the heat demand, generating superheated steam at 477 °C. This work serves as a proof-of-concept, demonstrating the technical viability of integration at a bench scale. In parallel, red mud was characterized, thermochemically activated, and formulated into a low-cost catalyst for the SMR process. The integrated system includes solar-assisted steam generation, red mud-based catalytic reforming, CO2 capture using methyl diethanolamine (MDEA), and hydrogen purification via pressure swing adsorption (PSA). The full process was modeled and optimized using ASPEN Plus, ASPEN Adsorption, and COMSOL Multiphysics® Under optimal conditions (900 °C, 25 bar, steam-to-carbon ratio of 3), the system produced 1070 kg/h of hydrogen, achieving 95% CO2 capture efficiency and 99.99% hydrogen purity. Techno-economic analysis revealed the red mud-derived catalyst costs 3.89 SAR/g (1.04 USD/g), a 77% cost reduction compared to conventional Ni-based catalysts. The integration of solar thermal energy, while offering modest direct economic savings of approximately 9500 SAR (2530 USD) annually, primarily demonstrates the technical feasibility of renewable heat integration for reducing the carbon intensity of hydrogen production.","author":[{"family":"Maatallah","given":"Taher"},{"family":"Alzahrani","given":"Mussad"},{"family":"Hilal","given":"SH"},{"family":"Alsubaie","given":"Abdullah"},{"family":"Aljohani","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Alghamdi","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Al-Mansour","given":"Fouad"},{"family":"Awad","given":"Loay"},{"family":"Slimani","given":"Y"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Sajid"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/designs9060138","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/designs9060138","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411708336","type":"article-journal","title":"The choice of surgical aortic valve replacement type and mid-term outcomes in 50 to 65-year-olds: results of the AUTHEARTVISIT study","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: In recent years, the use of biological prosthetic valves has increased in patients under 65 years of age. This study evaluated overall survival, major adverse cardiac events and reoperation risk following surgical aortic valve replacement using either mechanical or biological prostheses in patients aged 50 to 65 years, aiming to provide data to support optimal valve selection in this group. METHODS: A registry-based cohort study was conducted using nationwide Austrian health insurance data from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2020. Patients undergoing isolated surgical aortic valve replacement were classified based on valve type into mechanical or biological groups. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiac events, reoperation, stroke, bleeding and survival after reoperation. Outcomes were assessed using Cox or competing risk regression models. Propensity score matching was used to reduce baseline differences. RESULTS: In the study cohort, 1018 patients were categorized to the mechanical and 2743 to the biological group. Patients who received mechanical valves had a significantly lower risk of death compared to those with biological valves (hazard ratio 1.352; P = 0.003). The biological group also had higher risks of major adverse cardiac events (hazard ratio 1.182; P = 0.03) and reoperation (hazard ratio 2.338; P = 0.002). Stroke and bleeding risks were similar between groups. All findings remained significant after propensity score matching. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients aged 50 to 65 years undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement, mechanical valves were associated with improved long-term survival, fewer major adverse events, and a lower need for repeat surgery. These findings suggest a need to re-evaluate the increasing use of biological valves in this age group.","author":[{"family":"Florian","given":"Alissa"},{"family":"Auer","given":"Johann"},{"family":"Reichardt","given":"Berthold"},{"family":"Krotka","given":"Pavla"},{"family":"Wagenlechner","given":"Christine"},{"family":"Wendt","given":"Ralph"},{"family":"Mildner","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Mascherbauer","given":"Julia"},{"family":"Ankersmit","given":"Hendrik"},{"family":"Zimpfer","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Gráf","given":"Alexandra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ejcts/ezaf200","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaf200","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406918917","type":"article-journal","title":"Discovery of two novel Flavobacterium species with potential for complex polysaccharide degradation","abstract":"Polysaccharides are recognized for their extensive biological functions, holding significant promise for applications in both medicine and food industries. However, their utilization is frequently constrained by challenges such as high molecular weights and indistinct sugar chain structures. Recently, two novel bacterial strains, N6 T and J3 T , were isolated from the Nakdong River in Korea. These strains, which belong to the phylum Bacteroidota , are Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria and have shown polysaccharide-degrading capabilities. Through comprehensive analyses, including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, whole-genome sequencing, and detailed morphological, physiological, and chemotaxonomic characterizations, these strains have been identified as new species within the genus Flavobacterium . KEGG pathway analysis further confirmed their robust capabilities for carbohydrate utilization. Additional investigations using the dbCAN and dbCAN-PUL databases identified the presence of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes (CAZymes) and polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) within these strains, suggesting their potential to degrade various polysaccharides. Subsequent in vitro growth experiments demonstrated that strains N6 T and J3 T can degrade chitin, β-glucan, κ-carrageenan, and cellulose. Given their diverse polysaccharide degradation abilities, these strains are formally proposed to be named Flavobacterium polysaccharolyticum sp. nov. and Flavobacterium aureirubrum sp. nov. The type strains are designated as N6 T (= KCTC 102173 T = GDMCC 1.4609 T ) and J3 T (= KCTC 102172 T = GDMCC 1.4608 T ), respectively.","author":[{"family":"Lian","given":"Xu"},{"family":"Guan","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Kwak","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Mi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-87876-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87876-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407279039","type":"article-journal","title":"Leadership and organizational change in high-risk industries: A model for managing engineering change in oil and gas operations","abstract":"Leadership and organizational change are critical factors in high-risk industries like oil and gas operations, where safety, efficiency, and sustainability are paramount. This paper presents a comprehensive model for managing engineering change in oil and gas operations, emphasizing leadership strategies, organizational dynamics, and risk management. High-risk industries face unique challenges, including complex project environments, stringent regulatory compliance, and the need to adapt rapidly to technological advancements. Effective leadership plays a vital role in navigating these challenges by fostering a culture of innovation, collaboration, and continuous improvement. The proposed model integrates transformational leadership principles, change management theories, and engineering methodologies to address the multi-dimensional aspects of engineering change. It highlights the importance of clear communication, stakeholder engagement, and team empowerment in driving successful change initiatives. Additionally, it emphasizes the integration of advanced data analytics and decision-making tools to mitigate risks and enhance operational performance. The study draws on empirical research, case studies, and industry best practices to provide actionable insights for leaders and organizations in high-risk industries. Key findings indicate that leaders who exhibit adaptability, resilience, and technical competence can better manage the complexities of engineering change. Moreover, organizations that adopt a proactive approach to change management, incorporating predictive analytics and risk assessment frameworks, are more likely to achieve sustainable outcomes. This model also considers the human factor, addressing resistance to change and the need for continuous training and development to build a skilled workforce. By aligning leadership practices with organizational objectives and engineering requirements, the proposed framework offers a roadmap for managing change in a structured and efficient manner. The paper concludes with recommendations for implementing the model, including fostering a culture of safety and innovation, leveraging technology for decision support, and enhancing cross-functional collaboration. This work contributes to the growing body of knowledge on leadership and organizational change in high-risk industries and provides a practical guide for managing engineering change in oil and gas operations. Keywords: Leadership, Organizational Change, Engineering Change, High-Risk Industries, Oil and Gas Operations, Change Management, Risk Mitigation, Transformational Leadership, Data Analytics, Safety Culture.","author":[{"family":"Aigbedion","given":"Edward"},{"family":"Ayorinde","given":"Olushola"},{"family":"Adebisi","given":"Babatunde"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.51594/gjabr.v3i2.91","URL":"https://doi.org/10.51594/gjabr.v3i2.91","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413344514","type":"article-journal","title":"Readiness, riskiness and renewables: Country-level readiness and innovation in renewable energy under macroeconomic uncertainty","abstract":"Readiness, riskiness, and renewables appear to form a “tripartite symbiosis” in the clean energy realm. Previous research underscores the significance of readiness as a prerequisite for a nation's advancement toward sustainable energy, urging careful navigation of uncertainties within this framework. Our research expands upon existing literature by delving into how country-level readiness influences a country's innovation in renewable energy in the face of uncertainty. Employing panel fixed effect threshold regression with four distinct models, we analyze this dynamic across 65 countries, representing both advanced and emerging economies. The results validate the presence of an uncertainty threshold effect across all model regressions, confirming a non-linear relationship among uncertainty, country-level readiness, and renewable energy innovation. Overall country-level readiness, along with its components—economic and social readiness—individually fosters renewable energy innovation under low uncertainty. However, this positive influence weakens as uncertainty exceeds the threshold. Conversely, governance readiness exerts a negative impact on renewable energy innovation under low uncertainty, with its detrimental effects becoming more significant at higher levels of uncertainty. The lagged uncertainty has a significant negative association with renewable energy innovation. Policymakers and investors should prioritize developing country level readiness to successfully manage the potential negative influence of uncertainties on renewable energy innovation.","author":[{"family":"Bhuiyan","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Dutta","given":"Anupam"},{"family":"Uddin","given":"Gazi"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Ali"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101158","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101158","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409361602","type":"article-journal","title":"Comprehensive Risk Assessment of Smart Energy Information Security: An Enhanced MCDM-Based Approach","abstract":"To address the challenges of assessing information security risks in smart energy systems, this study proposes a multi-attribute decision support method based on interval type-2 fuzzy numbers (IT2TrFN). First, expert questionnaires were designed to gather insights from eight specialists in the fields of smart energy and safety engineering. Linguistic terms associated with IT2TrFN were employed to evaluate indicators, converting expert judgments into fuzzy numerical values while ensuring data reliability through consistency measurements. Subsequently, a decision hierarchy structure and an expert weight allocation model were developed. By utilizing the score and accuracy functions of IT2TrFN, the study determined positive and negative ideal solutions to rank and prioritize the evaluation criteria. Key influencing factors identified include the rate of excessive initial investment, regulatory stringency, information security standards, environmental pollution pressure, and incident response timeliness. The overall risk index was calculated as 0.5839, indicating a moderate level of information security risk in the evaluated region. To validate the robustness of the model, sensitivity analyses were conducted by varying IT2FWA (Weighted aggregated operator) and IT2FGA (Weighted geometric operator) operator selections and adjusting weight coefficients. The results reveal that key indicators exhibit high risk under different scenarios. This method provides an innovative tool for the scientific evaluation of information security risks in smart energy systems, laying a solid theoretical foundation for broader regional applications and the expansion of assessment criteria.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Zhenyu"},{"family":"Du","given":"Pan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Tiezhi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17083417","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083417","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409652813","type":"article-journal","title":"Artificial intelligence real-time automated recognition of the gastric antrum cross-sectional area and motility rhythm via bedside ultrasound: a pilot study","abstract":"The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the gastric antrum and its motility rhythm reflects the gastrointestinal function of critically ill patients. Monitoring the CSA and motility rhythm is crucial but remains time-consuming and operator dependent. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system for real-time automated recognition of the gastric antrum CSA and motility rhythm using bedside ultrasound. Gastric antrum ultrasound videos were prospectively collected from West China Hospital to establish training and validation datasets. The AI system's predictions were validated against senior clinicians' annotations to assess accuracy. Additionally, videos were collected to evaluate the performance of the AI system. The antrum motility rhythms of patients and volunteers were preliminarily classified to lay the foundation for the subsequent establishment of gastrointestinal motility rhythm phenotypes in critically ill patients. A total of 907 videos (620 patients and 287 volunteers) were included to develop and validate the AI system from January 2022 to November 2023. 49,240 images were used as training datasets to train the model's ability to locate and segment gastric antrum ultrasound images. The remaining 12,309 images were used as the internal validation dataset, achieving a mean dice coefficient (mDice) of 87.36% and an mean intersection over union (mIOU) of 77.56%. For the external validation dataset, 2334 images were used, resulting in mDice and mIOU values of 86.82% and 76.26%, respectively. Moreover, the AI system demonstrated robust performance in video cut frame analysis, achieving a mDice of 90.23% and a mIOU of 85.16% across 105 videos. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between human operators and the AI model was good (ICC (2, K): 0.813, 95% CI 0.728-0.871). In terms of antrum motility rhythm phenotypes, we identified several distinct patterns, such as regular movement, minimal movement, and irregular movement, reflecting different statuses, such as fasting, postmeal, postexercise, and postduty. We developed an AI system that is comparable to experienced clinicians in identifying the gastric antrum and measuring its CSA. Furthermore, the system can generate a curve representing the rhythm of antrum movement, reflecting the varying statuses of patients and volunteers. This system may optimize enteral nutrition (EN) protocols by reducing clinicians' workload and minimizing operator dependence.","author":[{"family":"Zou","given":"Tongjuan"},{"family":"He","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Wu","given":"You"},{"family":"Lv","given":"Chengxin"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Lican"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Wanhong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-98974-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98974-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413970450","type":"article-journal","title":"Milrinone versus dobutamine in acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock; a propensity score matched analysis","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Vasopressors and inotropes remain the cornerstone in treatment of acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS). Milrinone and dobutamine are both commonly used, yet the optimal inotrope remains unclear. We aimed to identify factors associated with milrinone and dobutamine treatment and assess their effects on 30-day mortality in a large real-world cohort of AMI-CS patients. The Netherlands Heart Registration prospectively records data for percutaneous coronary intervention patients. Between 2017 and 2021, additional retrospective data on CS patients were collected by fourteen Dutch hospitals. Patients who were treated with either milrinone or dobutamine were selected; those treated with both were excluded. Missing data were imputed (30 ×) using multiple imputation, and propensity matched score analysis (PSM) was performed to evaluate the association between milrinone or dobutamine treatment and 30-day mortality. RESULTS: In total, 739 patients were included (milrinone n = 247, dobutamine n = 492). Prior to matching, milrinone-treated patients exhibited more severely ill baseline and treatment characteristics, and higher 30-day mortality (50.6% vs. 41.5%, p = 0.018). After PSM, 198 patients remained in each group for analysis. Baseline characteristics were well balanced and 30-day mortality rates were similar (46.5% vs. 41.9%, p = 0.362). CONCLUSION: In this real-world propensity-matched cohort of AMI-CS patients, no significant difference in 30-day mortality was observed between patients treated with milrinone and dobutamine. Importantly, milrinone patients were more severely ill at baseline, indicating that the choice of inotrope may be influenced by illness severity. This comprehensive study suggests that the selection of inotrope may continue to be guided by individual patient characteristics.","author":[{"family":"Berg","given":"Sanne"},{"family":"Bogerd","given":"Margriet"},{"family":"Peters","given":"Elma"},{"family":"Timmermans","given":"Marijke"},{"family":"Lagrand","given":"Wim"},{"family":"Otterspoor","given":"Luuk"},{"family":"Vlaar","given":"Alexander"},{"family":"Engström","given":"Annemarie"},{"family":"Henriques","given":"Josè"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"JM"},{"family":"Meuwissen","given":"M"},{"family":"Mj","given":"Grundeken"},{"family":"Hashimi","given":"RA"},{"family":"Teeuwen","given":"K"},{"family":"Magro","given":"M"},{"family":"Diletti","given":"R"},{"family":"Sorgdrager","given":"BJ"},{"family":"Schotborgh","given":"CE"},{"family":"Rj","given":"Snijder"},{"family":"Polad","given":"J"},{"family":"Scherptong","given":"R"},{"family":"Bakker","given":"E"},{"family":"Hof","given":"AJWV"},{"family":"Spano","given":"F"},{"family":"Brouwer","given":"J"},{"family":"Houwelingen","given":"KGV"},{"family":"Mcclelland","given":"Robyn"},{"family":"Ramshorst","given":"JV"},{"family":"Amoroso","given":"G"},{"family":"Camaro","given":"C"},{"family":"Danse","given":"PW"},{"family":"Sjauw","given":"K"},{"family":"Arkenbout","given":"EK"},{"family":"Ruifrok","given":"WT"},{"family":"Kraaijeveld","given":"AO"},{"family":"Lipsic","given":"E"},{"family":"Hoebers","given":"L"},{"family":"Erdem","given":"R"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s00392-025-02742-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-025-02742-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407196943","type":"article-journal","title":"SLC7A11 is a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker correlated with immune cell infiltration in cervical cancer","abstract":"BACKGROUND: SLC7A11 is importantly in both ferroptosis and disulfidptosis which participated in human development and homeostasis. By utilizing bioinformatics and in vitro validation, we explored SLC7A11's role in cervical cancer. METHODS: From the TCGA database, we analyzed SLC7A11 expression profiles and validated its promoting role in cervical cancer by in vitro. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to SLC7A11 expression levels, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between these groups. Then SLC7A11's mechanism was then clarified by function enrichment analysis. The association between SLC7A11 and the immune microenvironment was investigated. Finally, we explore potential drugs by oncoPredict. RESULTS: Our findings suggest that SLC7A11 could serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker in cervical cancer. Besides, SLC7A11 was positively regulated cervical cancer cells' proliferation, migration and invasion. We identified 113 DEGs between two subgroups. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs are linked to immune-related pathways. The SLC7A11 high expression group showed greater enrichment of resting NK cells, neutrophils, M0 macrophages, and activated mast cells, whereas the SLC7A11 low expression group had higher levels of resting dendritic cells, resting mast cells, and follicular helper T cells. Besides, there were higher TMB scores in patients with high SLC7A11 expression. Finally, we explore 37 kinds of drugs may improve prognosis. CONCLUSION: SLC7A11, correlated with immune pathway, is a risk factor affecting the prognosis of cervical cancer. We also explore 37 kinds of drugs that may benefit cervical cancer patients.","author":[{"family":"Guy","given":"Mutangala"},{"family":"Bian","given":"Tingting"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Longyun"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Yiping"},{"family":"Jiao","given":"Xinlin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wenjing"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Teng"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Baoxia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s12672-025-01888-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01888-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411802055","type":"article-journal","title":"Suitability Evaluation of Site-Level CO2 Geo-Storage in Saline Aquifers of Ying–Qiong Basin, South China Sea","abstract":"CO2 geo-storage is a promising approach in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and controlling global temperature rise. Although numerous studies have reported that offshore saline aquifers have greater storage potential and safety, current suitability evaluation models for CO2 geo-storage primarily focus on onshore saline aquifers, and site-level evaluations for offshore CO2 geo-storage remain unreported. In this study, we propose a framework to evaluate the site-level offshore CO2 geo-storage suitability with a multi-tiered indicator system, which considers three types of factors: engineering geology, storage potential, and socio-economy. Compared to the onshore CO2 geo-storage suitability evaluation models, the proposed indicator system considers the unique conditions of offshore CO2 geo-storage, including water depth, offshore distance, and distance from drilling platforms. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) methods were integrated and applied to the analysis of the Ying–Qiong Basin, South China Sea. The results indicated that the average suitability score in the Yinggehai Basin (0.762) was higher than that in the Qiongdongnan Basin (0.691). This difference was attributed to more extensive fault development in the Qiongdongnan Basin, suggesting that the Yinggehai Basin is more suitable for CO2 geo-storage. In addition, the DF-I reservoir in the Yinggehai Basin and the BD-A reservoir in the Qiongdongnan Basin were selected as the optimal CO2 geo-storage targets for the two sub-basins, with storage potentials of 1.09 × 108 t and 2.40 × 107 t, respectively. This study advances the methodology for assessing site-level potential of CO2 geo-storage in offshore saline aquifers and provides valuable insights for engineering applications and decision-making in future CO2 geo-storage projects in the Ying–Qiong Basin.","author":[{"family":"Liao","given":"Jingyi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Cai"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Qihui"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Aixia"},{"family":"Song","given":"Guangze"},{"family":"Couchot","given":"Joaquin"},{"family":"Jin","given":"Aohan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Quanrong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18133388","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18133388","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406757394","type":"article-journal","title":"CO2 to Methanol Conversion: A Bibliometric Analysis with Insights into Reaction Mechanisms, and Recent Advances in Catalytic Conversion","abstract":"The rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) necessitate urgent and effective strategies for its capture and utilization. Among the various CO2 valorization pathways, the conversion of CO2 into methanol has gained considerable attention due to its dual role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and serving as a renewable fuel and chemical feedstock. This review uniquely combines bibliometric analysis of 13,289 peer-reviewed publications (2012–2023) with an evaluation of Cu-based catalyst advancements, addressing critical gaps in the literature. A bibliometric analysis highlights the key trends, collaborations, and research gaps in the field. Among the catalytic systems, noble metals, though highly active, are uneconomical for large-scale applications, while non-noble metals, such as nickel, exhibit limited activity due to undesired reaction pathways. In comparison, Cu-based catalysts overcome these challenges by offering a balance of activity, selectivity, and cost-effectiveness. Special emphasis is placed on the CO2 to methanol conversion pathways, with insights into thermodynamic constraints, emerging solutions, and potential directions for future research. By consolidating the current state of knowledge, this review identifies significant opportunities for advancing CO2 conversion technologies, particularly in methanol synthesis, positioning it as a promising strategy for sustainable carbon management and energy production.","author":[{"family":"Sajnani","given":"Shahdev"},{"family":"Memon","given":"Mazhar"},{"family":"Memon","given":"Shabir"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Akash"},{"family":"Mehvish","given":"Darakhshan"},{"family":"Ameen","given":"Somavia"},{"family":"Mukarama","given":"Mukarama"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13020314","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13020314","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414662985","type":"article-journal","title":"The role of renewable energy production on greenhouse gas emission reduction in international petroleum companies under energy transition policy","abstract":"This study explores the impact of renewable energy production on GHG emissions under energy transition in a panel of 27 international petroleum companies over the period of 2015–2023. For this purpose, we utilize the dynamic generalized method of momentum in the framework of Porter hypothesis. We find strong evidence that renewable energy production positively affects GHG emissions reduction in the short and long run. The outcomes also disclosed that the impact of research and development on GHG emissions reduction is only valid in the short run. Interestingly, both renewable energy production and research and development has an inverted U-shaped pattern in the relationship we identified from their side to GHG emissions. Furthermore, we find that research and development play a fundamental role in mediating the relationship between REP and GHG emissions. Finally, the effect of REP on GHG emissions is found to be more preannounced in EU international petroleum companies relatively to non-EU international petroleum companies. The study provides valuable information for policymakers and petroleum companies’ managers.","author":[{"family":"Saleh","given":"Ridha"},{"family":"Faccilongo","given":"Nicola"},{"family":"Rana","given":"Roberto"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s43621-025-01920-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01920-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414716101","type":"article-journal","title":"Critical review and recommendations for strengthening health and safety and major accident prevention regulations for carbon capture and storage in UK ports","abstract":"• Non-pipeline CO₂ transport needs clear policies to meet safety and net-zero targets. • The Port Marine Safety Code lacks clear goals for safe CO₂ handling and storage in ports. • Ambiguity in applying COMAH and DGHAR hinders safe CO₂ storage in UK ports. • COMAH excludes CO₂ from its scope of application, leaving major accident risks unmanaged. • DGHAR lacks guidance for safe CO₂ handling/storage amid rising CCS shipping in ports. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is an essential component of the UK Government’s net-zero strategy. Policies emphasize the need for flexible and accessible CO₂ transport and storage networks, with shipping emerging as a key non-pipeline transport modality to connect industrial clusters to offshore storage. In this article, we assess whether current health and safety and major accident prevention regulations adequately govern the risks posed by expanding CO₂ handling and storage in UK ports to support CCS deployment. Our analysis identifies three regulatory gaps. First, while the Port Marine Safety Code addresses regulatory complexity in UK ports through establishing uniform national standards for marine safety, it cannot regulate the emerging risks of anticipated large-scale CO₂ shipping activities without clear performance standards in specific legislation. Second, duly appointed harbor masters must be well-informed to effectively exercise the powers granted under the Dangerous Goods in Harbour Areas Regulations (DGHAR) to reduce serious accident risks associated with increased CO₂ shipping. Third, the Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations (COMAH) currently exclude temporary CO₂ storage and do not include CO₂ within their scope, limiting their effectiveness for major accident prevention in port storage scenarios. To address these gaps, we recommend issuing tailored guidance under DGHAR to clarify risk management responsibilities for CO₂ shipping and amending COMAH to include CO₂ storage and recognize CO₂ as a dangerous substance. These reforms are essential to protect port communities, ensure robust risk management, and support the safe, sustainable expansion of CO₂ shipping as a critical enabler of CCS.","author":[{"family":"Dbouk","given":"Wassim"},{"family":"Teagle","given":"DAH"},{"family":"Armstrong","given":"Lindsay‐marie"},{"family":"Hjalmarsson","given":"Johanna"},{"family":"Turnock","given":"Stephen"},{"family":"Ntovas","given":"Alexandros"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104479","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104479","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406564174","type":"article-journal","title":"Electrochemical CO2 reduction to liquid fuels: Mechanistic pathways and surface/interface engineering of catalysts and electrolytes","abstract":"The high energy density of green synthetic liquid chemicals and fuels makes them ideal for sustainable energy storage and transportation applications. Electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) directly into such high value-added chemicals can help us achieve a renewable C cycle. Such electrochemical reduction typically suffers from low faradaic efficiencies (FEs) and generates a mixture of products due to the complexity of controlling the reaction selectivity. This perspective summarizes recent advances in the mechanistic understanding of CO 2 reduction reaction pathways toward liquid products and the state-of-the-art catalytic materials for conversion of CO 2 to liquid C 1 (e.g., formic acid, methanol) and C 2+ products (e.g., acetic acid, ethanol, n -propanol). Many liquid fuels are being produced with FEs between 80% and 100%. We discuss the use of structure-binding energy relationships, computational screening, and machine learning to identify promising candidates for experimental validation. Finally, we classify strategies for controlling catalyst selectivity and summarize breakthroughs, prospects, and challenges in electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction to guide future developments.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Xueying"},{"family":"Kang","given":"Woo"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Xinyi"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Xinyi"},{"family":"Masa","given":"Justus"},{"family":"Robertson","given":"Alex"},{"family":"Jung","given":"Yousung"},{"family":"Han","given":"Buxing"},{"family":"Texter","given":"John"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Yuanfu"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Zhenyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.xinn.2025.100807","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2025.100807","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415418639","type":"article-journal","title":"The Prognostic Value of Troponin in Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis","abstract":"Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Troponin elevation is increasingly used for risk stratification, but its prognostic utility remains variably reported across studies. To evaluate the prognostic value of troponin elevation in patients with acute PE, concerning short-term mortality and adverse clinical outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed was searched from January 2000 to the present, using terms such as \"pulmonary embolism,\" \"troponin,\" and \"prognosis.\" Eligible studies reported associations between troponin elevation and mortality or adverse events in adult patients with PE. Data were synthesised quantitatively and narratively. The Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool was used to assess risk of bias. Sixty studies (n = 25,282) were included. Meta-analysis showed that elevated troponin was significantly associated with increased in-hospital mortality (OR: 5.42; 95% CI: 4.35-6.83), 30-day mortality (OR: 4.35; 95% CI: 3.30-5.74), right ventricular dysfunction (OR: 3.42; 95% CI: 2.69-4.31), haemodynamic instability (OR: 3.29 95% CI: 2.48-4.39), and intensive care unit admission (OR: 5.81 95% CI: 3.52-9.68). Non-meta-analysed mortality data were similar to the meta-analysed data, showing an association between elevated troponin levels and worse outcomes in PE. These associations were observed across both conventional and high-sensitivity assays, as well as normotensive or low-risk patients. Elevated troponin is a strong and consistent predictor of short-term mortality and clinical deterioration in acute PE. With further research, it has the potential to be more widely integrated into risk stratification frameworks.","author":[{"family":"Elmewafy","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Waller","given":"James"},{"family":"Alaguraja","given":"Priyanth"},{"family":"Desor","given":"Kishan"},{"family":"Antoun","given":"Ibrahim"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ccd.70243","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.70243","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406878259","type":"article-journal","title":"Seismic Imaging of Halokinetic Sequences and Structures With High‐Resolution, Dual‐Element Acquisition, and Processing: Applications to the Gassum Structure in Eastern Jutland, Denmark","abstract":"Abstract Understanding the structural intricacies of subsurface halokinetic formations is crucial for various geological applications, including geological capture and storage (geological carbon storage (GCS)). This study focuses on the seismic imaging of the Gassum structure in eastern Jutland, Denmark, employing high‐resolution, dual‐element acquisition, and processing techniques. The investigation aims to unravel details in the evolution of the salt dome and its implications for GCS potential. High‐resolution seismic data processing and interpretation reveals a skewed dome structure with steeper flanks on the western and northern sides, characterized by faults and stratigraphic thinning. The asymmetric growth of the dome suggests uneven salt loading during its genesis, influencing local stress fields and structural development, with evidence of syn‐tectonic subsidence that produced salt welds. This is supported by the presence of stratigraphic wedges and an increased depth of imaged horizons within steeper flanks of the dome. A mild piercement of the salt into overlying sediments, onlapping features, and the presence of normal faults that originate from the dome apex and extend radially, all indicate a reactive piercement process in the salt pillow's development stage. This produced an extensional regime in overlying strata, inducing sequence thinning and graben structures. Analysis of reservoir and seal properties unveils adequate conditions for GCS, with a continuous reservoir and thick primary and secondary seals. However, the presence of faults intersecting these formations raises concerns regarding long‐term storage stability. Further investigations into reservoir porosity, migration paths, and volumetric analysis are warranted for conclusive GCS assessments.","author":[{"family":"Westgate","given":"M"},{"family":"Kucinskaite","given":"K"},{"family":"Konstantinidis","given":"Evangelos"},{"family":"Malehmir","given":"Alireza"},{"family":"Papadopoulou","given":"Myrto"},{"family":"Gregersen","given":"Ulrik"},{"family":"Keiding","given":"Marie"},{"family":"Bjerager","given":"Morten"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2024ea004014","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ea004014","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7117132422","type":"article-journal","title":"Utilizing Carbonated Reclaimed Water as Concrete Mixing Water: Improved CO2 Uptake and Compressive Strength","abstract":"This study investigates the carbonation degree of reclaimed water (RW) and its potential use as mixing water for cementitious materials under controlled laboratory conditions using a simplified CO2 injection method. To reproduce the chemical environment of actual RW, a synthetic reclaimed water (SRW) system with a cement-to-sand ratio of 8:2 was prepared and used throughout the evaluation. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the cementitious solids suspended in SRW exhibit high reactivity with CO2, achieving a net CO2 uptake of 16.8%, equivalent to 8.31 g of CO2 sequestered per kilogram of RW. The use of untreated RW as mixing water slightly reduced flowability and increased superplasticizer demand compared with distilled water, whereas carbonation treatment of RW improved workability and mitigated the rapid initial setting typically observed with untreated RW. Notably, replacing 3% of the cement with carbonated RW solids did not cause any reduction in compressive strength, indicating that the carbonated solids can be incorporated without compromising mechanical performance. These results confirm that the CaCO3 formed during RW carbonation remains stably retained within mortar and concrete, demonstrating the feasibility of using carbonated RW as a dual-function material—serving both as mixing water and as a medium for CO2 sequestration.","author":[{"family":"Moon","given":"Hoon"},{"family":"Zaheer","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Jang","given":"Indong"},{"family":"Park","given":"Gi"},{"family":"Park","given":"Jung"},{"family":"Hong","given":"Sehee"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Namkon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma19010076","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19010076","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411582500","type":"article-journal","title":"Life cycle assessment and multi-objective optimization of biogas upgrading using chitosan based composite membranes","abstract":"Biopolymer membranes, hybridized by non-toxic or renewable fillers are gaining attention on the preparation of membranes for CO 2 separation, providing their flux and mechanical endurance is improved to provide environmental and economic viability as real alternatives in the decarbonization of the chemical industry. Cellulose acetate is the most commonly found natural biopolymer but its preparation needs organic solvents and it is prone to plasticization. Chitosan biopolymer can be produced from fish waste, but its mechanical resistance is limited due to its high hydrophilicity. In this work, chitosan was blended with cellulose acetate or starch, which can also be obtained from biowaste. The membranes were characterized by single N 2 , CH 4 and CO 2 gas permeation and also CO 2 /CH 4 mixture separation. The CO 2 permeance of CS:ST membranes was closer to commercial PDMS membrane, and the CO 2 /CH 4 selectivity of CS:CA membranes was in the range of selective polymer membranes for this application. A sustainability assessment of the membrane fabrication was performed using Life Cycle Assessment with three environmental impact categories (ReCiPe midpoint method): Global warming, energy and materials depletion. A multi-objective optimization model was applied to optimize the process conditions in the simultaneous CO 2 and CH 4 recovery from model biogas feed stream optimal mass and energy balances. The optimized energy consumption for the separation was utilized on the evaluation of the cradle-to-gate environmental performance for the membranes attaining 90% purity and recovery in CO 2 and CH 4 in the permeate and retentate outlet streams, respectively.","author":[{"family":"Dawood","given":"Beheshta"},{"family":"Torre-Celeizabal","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Pina-Vidal","given":"Cristina"},{"family":"Téllez","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Rumayor","given":"Marta"},{"family":"Garea","given":"A"},{"family":"Casadocoterillo","given":"Clara"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jece.2025.117688","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2025.117688","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7154977358","type":"article-journal","title":"Advances of artificial intelligence applications to low-carbon metallurgy of iron and steel","abstract":"Abstract Global carbon neutrality targets and rapid digitalization are reshaping steel production, accelerating a transition toward low-carbon and data-driven operations. Artificial intelligence provides a pathway beyond experience-based practice and purely mechanistic metallurgy by leveraging large, heterogeneous industrial datasets. This work synthesizes applications across the steelmaking production chain, with emphasis on sensing and soft sensing, process modeling, and process optimization and control. It further aligns these methods with decarbonization pathways, including energy and process efficiency, feedstock and energy substitution such as hydrogen-assisted routes and scrap-based electric arc furnace production, and carbon capture, utilization, and storage. Evidence from research and industrial practice suggests improvements in product quality and yield, alongside reductions in energy intensity and emissions. Future progress will depend on stronger data infrastructure and governance, effective translation from research to plant deployment, and robust physics-informed and hybrid modeling to support generalization across processes and operating regimes.","author":[{"family":"Shang","given":"Xidi"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Wuliang"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Jianxin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Min"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Hua"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Qingtai"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44438-026-00028-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44438-026-00028-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412453754","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparing methods for determining the CO2 content in CO2-Sequestering materials and natural rock","abstract":"Carbon capture plays an important role in the decarbonation of the building sector. One way to capture carbon is through mineral carbonation, in which Ca and Mg compounds react with CO 2 to form stable carbonate minerals such as calcite, dolomite, magnesite and/or siderite, permanently sequestering CO 2 . Various techniques are available to measure the amount of permanently bound CO 2 and quantify the carbonation potential. The suitability and accuracy of a particular method are very important, as the accurate determination of CO 2 is crucial to correctly assess the sequestration potential of different materials. This study compares the three methods: calcimetric, gravimetric and thermogravimetric analysis used for CO 2 determination in different types of ash, slag and natural rock. While the CO 2 content in natural rock is stable, the CO 2 content in slag and ash can change over time as the contained minerals gradually absorb CO 2 (by natural or accelerated carbonation) until they are fully carbonated. To avoid errors in testing the CO 2 uptake, as-received samples were first exposed to the full carbonation process and then tested. The comparison of calcimeter, thermogravimetric and gravimetric analysis of ground and sieved samples with a particle size below 125 μm shows that the results usually differ by less than 2 %. Higher deviations could be caused by non-carbonate minerals (especially in slags) that can react with hydrochloric acid during the calcimetric and gravimetric tests and/or decompose in the range where carbonates decompose, contributing to inaccurate CO 2 measurements. The measurement uncertainty was calculated for all three quantitative methods to allow a practical comparability.","author":[{"family":"Kavčič","given":"Nika"},{"family":"Tominc","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Žibret","given":"Lea"},{"family":"Žibret","given":"Gorazd"},{"family":"Kolar","given":"Mitja"},{"family":"Ducman","given":"Vilma"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.07.109","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.07.109","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411373082","type":"article-journal","title":"Synthesis of MOF@aluminum saline slag-based composites for CO2 capture at moderate temperatures","abstract":"Combining metal–organic framework (MOF) materials and aluminum-containing saline slag residues opens a promising research avenue. This approach reduces the environmental impact of aluminum production by integrating industrial waste in the development of advanced materials that adhere to circular economy principles. It also addresses some inherent stability issues observed in pure MOFs. This study is the first to propose the use of this industrial by-product as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly modulator for controlling the phase transition between MIL-96(Al) and MIL-110(Al). For the first time, novel MOFs composites (MOF@RW1*-n; n = 25, 50, 75% waste) and saline slag waste (RW1*)—a by-product of initial aluminum extraction in an acidic medium—were synthesized in situ by preparing the MOF on RW1* via hydrothermal treatment and subsequently tested as CO 2 adsorbents at up to 225 °C and 80 kPa. The optimized RW1* content in the composite proved critical in determining the formation of specific crystalline structures (MIL-96(Al) or MIL-110(Al)), ultimately yielding hybrid materials with enhanced textural properties and thermal stability.","author":[{"family":"Muñoz","given":"HJ"},{"family":"Vicente","given":"Miguel"},{"family":"Korili","given":"SA"},{"family":"Gil","given":"A"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.164973","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.164973","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407532519","type":"article-journal","title":"Applications of Renewable Energies in Low-Temperature Regions: A Scientometric Analysis of Recent Advancements and Future Research Directions","abstract":"This study presents a scientometric analysis of renewable energy applications in low-temperature regions, focusing on green hydrogen production, carbon storage, and emerging trends. Using bibliometric tools such as RStudio and VOSviewer, the research evaluates publication trends from 1988 to 2024, revealing an exponential growth in renewable energy studies post-2021, driven by global policies promoting carbon neutrality. Life cycle assessment (LCA) plays a crucial role in evaluating the environmental impact of energy systems, underscoring the need to integrate renewable sources for emission reduction. Hydrogen production via electrolysis has emerged as a key solution in decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors, while carbon storage technologies, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), are gaining traction. Government policies, including carbon taxes, fossil fuel phase-out strategies, and renewable energy subsidies, significantly shape the energy transition in cold regions by incentivizing low-carbon alternatives. Multi-objective optimization techniques, leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, are expected to enhance decision-making processes, optimizing energy efficiency, reliability, and economic feasibility in renewable energy systems. Future research must address three critical challenges: (1) strengthening policy frameworks and financial incentives for large-scale renewable energy deployment, (2) advancing energy storage, hydrogen production, and hybrid energy systems, and (3) integrating multi-objective optimization approaches to enhance cost-effectiveness and resilience in extreme climates. It is expected that the research will contribute to the field of knowledge regarding renewable energy applications in low-temperature regions.","author":[{"family":"Rodríguez-Aburto","given":"César"},{"family":"Poma-García","given":"José"},{"family":"Montaño-Pisfil","given":"Jorge"},{"family":"Morcillo-Valdivia","given":"Pablo"},{"family":"Solís-Farfán","given":"Roberto"},{"family":"Curay-Tribeño","given":"José"},{"family":"Pilco-Nuñez","given":"Alex"},{"family":"Flores-Salinas","given":"José"},{"family":"Tineo-Cordova","given":"Freddy"},{"family":"Virú-Vásquez","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Bravo-Toledo","given":"Luigi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18040904","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18040904","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416772306","type":"article-journal","title":"Overview of hydrogen production processes: Health and environmental impact","abstract":"Abstract Hydrogen is traditionally regarded as a cornerstone in the path to a sustainable energy economy. However, there are substantial differences in the inclusion of environmental and health effects across the hydrogen production pathways, due to different feedstocks, technologies, and byproduct emissions. This review compares the ecological footprints of renewable and non‐renewable hydrogen production methods. It assesses spatial and temporal variations in greenhouse gas emissions, resource consumption, and waste generation, as well as occupational and community health risks. Comparisons are made, among other things, of emerging production technologies, such as green hydrogen via electrolysis and turquoise hydrogen derived from pyrolysis of methane, with alternatives such as steam methane reforming (SMR) and coal gasification. It suggests integrating advanced safety protocols, lifecycle assessments, and policy interventions in the technology deployment of cleaner hydrogen technologies. The importance of how hydrogen is produced, managed, and regulated is critical to the fuel's sustainability, and the study concludes that, despite its promise as a clean fuel, hydrogen holds only limited promise if it is not produced with sufficient safeguards and oversight.","author":[{"family":"Dewangan","given":"Kush"},{"family":"Gopan","given":"Gokul"},{"family":"Pattanayak","given":"Satyajit"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ep.70229","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70229","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410783977","type":"article-journal","title":"Increasing the Voltage—Sequencing Decarbonisation with Green Power and Efficiency","abstract":"The industrial sector’s increasing electricity demand (direct and indirect), driven by the electrification of processes and the production of green hydrogen, poses significant challenges for achieving decarbonisation goals. While switching to renewable electricity and offsetting emissions appears straightforward, the gap between current generation capacities and projected demand remains substantial. This article analyses survey data from the Energy Efficiency Index of German Industry (EEI), revealing that manufacturing companies aim to reduce 22.1% of their 2019 emissions by 2025 and 27.3% by 2030, primarily through on-site measures. However, given the slow pace of renewable capacity expansion and the increasing electrification across sectors, it becomes evident that the envisaged green electricity share of 80% by 2030 will require far more capacity than currently planned. To address this challenge, the article introduces a decarbonisability factor to better assess on-site versus off-site measures, highlighting the need for a strategic sequencing of efficiency and renewable generation. To support decision-makers, the article calls for improved data collection and periodic reassessment to account for changing geopolitical and economic conditions.","author":[{"family":"Buettner","given":"Stefan"},{"family":"Döpp","given":"Josefine"},{"family":"Strauch","given":"Liane"},{"family":"Gilles","given":"Marina"},{"family":"König","given":"Werner"},{"family":"Klingler","given":"Anna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18112752","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112752","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413377716","type":"article-journal","title":"Research on Environmental Evaluation Index of Carbon-Based Power Generation Formats Under the “Dual Carbon Goals”","abstract":"As a major source of carbon emissions, the carbon-based power generation industry requires a scientifically robust environmental performance evaluation system to facilitate its green transition and sustainable development. Focusing on unique transition dynamics across four carbon-based power generation formats, this study compares environmental dimension indicators across typical ESG evaluation frameworks and proposes an innovative evaluation index model of environmental performance based on common metrics, with a particular emphasis on their contribution potential to the “Dual Carbon Goals”. The framework’s core innovation lies in its Dual Carbon-focused indicator system, which evaluates three critical indicators overlooked by mainstream ESG methodologies. It extends to include upstream/downstream processes, addressing gaps in current evaluation systems. The findings reveal that core environmental issues, such as climate change, pollution emissions, and resource utilization, exhibit broad commonality in ESG evaluations. Among the assessed indicators, carbon emission intensity carries the highest weight, underscoring its centrality in each power generation sector’s efforts to align with the Dual Carbon Goals. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates that underground coal gasification combined cycle power generation has a relatively favorable environmental performance, ranking slightly below natural gas combined cycle but above shale gas combined cycle power generation. In contrast, traditional coal-fired power generation exhibits significantly poorer environmental outcomes, highlighting both the efficacy of technological upgrades in reducing emissions and the urgent need for transitioning away from conventional coal-based power.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Chaojie"},{"family":"Wen","given":"Xiankui"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Ruyue"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Siran"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18164337","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18164337","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410759971","type":"article-journal","title":"Mapping VEXAS ‐associated and rare UBA1 variants in the United Kingdom : Insights from patient cohorts and the general population","abstract":"Somatic mutations in UBA1 are linked to VEXAS syndrome, a late-onset inflammatory disorder with rheumatological and haematological features, primarily affecting elderly men. This study examines the epidemiology of VEXAS in the United Kingdom using genomic databases and patient cohorts to estimate prevalence, identify novel UBA1 variants and predict their pathogenicity. Analysing data from the UK Biobank, 100 000 Genomes Project and clinical diagnostic laboratories, we found that VEXAS prevalence in UK males over 50 is lower than in US-based cohorts. Notably, canonical (Met41) UBA1 mutations appear in ~1% of individuals with autoinflammatory disorders who have not been referred to haematology. However, among those investigated for myeloid malignancies, VEXAS is relatively common, with an estimated incidence of 1.51 per 100 000, or 171 new cases each year. We identified 47 UBA1 non-Met41 variants of uncertain significance, with several showing clonal dominance and clustering in functional domains, suggesting potential pathogenicity. Clinical presentation associated with non-Met41 variants often diverged from classical VEXAS features, underscoring the need for further studies. Our findings highlight the importance of broader screening for both canonical and non-canonical UBA1 mutations to improve understanding of VEXAS syndrome and its underlying mechanisms.","author":[{"family":"Rodríguez","given":"A"},{"family":"Chang","given":"Leon"},{"family":"Rowczenio","given":"Dorota"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Alexandra"},{"family":"Omoyinmi","given":"Ebun"},{"family":"Poulter","given":"James"},{"family":"Mcgregor","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Francis","given":"Sebastian"},{"family":"Trikha","given":"Roochi"},{"family":"Alhakim","given":"Adam"},{"family":"Kong","given":"Kar"},{"family":"Kent","given":"David"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/bjh.20176","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.20176","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124759215","type":"article-journal","title":"Mental Health Status of Cardiac Patients Admitted to the Coronary Care Unit in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Khulna, Bangladesh","abstract":"Background: Cardiac patients admitted to intensive care units are at high risk of psychological distress, yet data on depression and anxiety among CCU patients in Bangladesh remain limited. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, severity, and predictors of depression and anxiety among cardiac patients in a tertiary care hospital in Khulna. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2025 among 250 adult cardiac patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit of City Medical College Hospital. Patients aged ≥18 years who were clinically stable were included. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire, including socio-demographic variables, comorbidities, duration of hospital stay, and validated mental health assessment tools. Descriptive statistics summarized the data, and multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors of psychological distress. Results: The prevalence of depression was 42.0%, including 20.8% mild, 14.4% moderate, and 6.8% severe cases. Anxiety was observed in 44.8% of patients, with 8.0% experiencing severe anxiety. Comorbid depression and anxiety were present in 29.2% of participants. Higher rates of depression and anxiety were observed among patients aged ≥60 years (47.5% and 50.8%, respectively), females (49.0% and 52.1%), and those with comorbid diabetes (51.9% and 54.8%) or renal impairment (60.9% and 63.0%). Multivariate analysis identified renal impairment (AOR = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.38–5.09), prolonged hospital stay ≥7 days (AOR = 2.21), diabetes mellitus (AOR = 2.08), female sex (AOR = 1.91), and age ≥60 years (AOR = 1.74) as independent predictors of psychological distress. Conclusion: Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent among CCU-admitted cardiac patients, particularly in older adults, females, and those with comorbidities or prolonged hospitalization. Routine mental health screening and integrated psychosocial interventions are recommended to improve overall patient outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Biswas","given":"Aroni"},{"family":"Wribhu","given":"Farddin"},{"family":"Tuba","given":"Zannatun"},{"family":"Ferdaus","given":"Farhana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.70818/apjcr.v02i04.060","URL":"https://doi.org/10.70818/apjcr.v02i04.060","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409958832","type":"article-journal","title":"Extracellular vesicles of minimalistic Mollicutes as mediators of immune modulation and horizontal gene transfer","abstract":"Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are central components of bacterial secretomes, including the small, cell wall-less Mollicutes. Although EV release in Mollicutes has been reported, EV proteomic composition and function have not been explored yet. We developed a protocol for isolating EVs of the pathogens Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc) and Mycoplasma (Mycoplasmopsis) bovis and examined their functionality. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that EVs mirror the proteome of the EV-producing bacteria. EVs exhibited nuclease activity, effectively digesting both circular and linear DNA. Notably, M. bovis EVs elicited immune responses in bovine primary blood cells, like those induced by live M. bovis. Our findings reveal that EVs can carry plasmids and enable their horizontal transfer, known as vesiduction. Specifically, the natural plasmid pKMK1, with an unknown transmission route, was detected in EVs of Mmc 152/93 and the tetM-containing pIVB08 plasmid was associated with EVs released by an Mmc GM12 strain carrying this plasmid. pIVB08 could be transferred via homo- and heterologous vesiduction to Mmc, M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and M. leachii. Vesiduction was impeded by membrane disruption but resisted DNase and Proteinase K treatment, suggesting that EVs protect their cargo. These findings enhance our understanding of Mollicutes EVs, particularly in host interactions and horizontal gene transfer.","author":[{"family":"Wagner","given":"Theresa"},{"family":"Torres-Puig","given":"Sergi"},{"family":"Yimthin","given":"Thatcha"},{"family":"Irobalieva","given":"Rossitza"},{"family":"Heller","given":"Manfred"},{"family":"Kaessmeyer","given":"Sabine"},{"family":"Démoulins","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Jores","given":"Joerg"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s42003-025-08099-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08099-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415947203","type":"article-journal","title":"Nursing Management of Cardiogenic Shock Patients With Mechanical Circulatory Support: A Scoping Review","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Despite limited evidence on nursing interventions for cardiogenic shock (CS) patients with mechanical circulatory support (MCS), nurses play a key role in ensuring device function, monitoring and preventing complications. AIM: This scoping review aimed to map the nursing role in patients with CS supported by MCS, including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). STUDY DESIGN: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science from database inception to May 2025. Eligible sources included primary studies and relevant grey literature reporting nursing care for patients treated with MCS. Eligible studies focused on adult individuals with CS receiving MCS and explored nursing aspects within intensive or critical care environments. RESULTS: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing various geographic and clinical contexts. Thematic analysis identified four primary domains of nursing intervention: (1) continuous monitoring of haemodynamic and device-specific parameters; (2) complication prevention and management, including haemorrhage, thromboembolism, and infection; (3) delivery of supportive care such as sedation, ventilation, nutrition and fluid balance; and (4) application of protocol-guided care to standardise interventions and ensure safety CONCLUSIONS: Nurses play an essential role in managing patients with CS supported by MCS, with critical contributions across all phases of care. However, variability in practice and lack of standardised models persist. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Reinforcing nurse training, using evidence-based protocols and ensuring adequate staffing are key to improving care quality, while structured competencies and standardised documentation enhance continuity and patient safety.","author":[{"family":"Amato","given":"Shelly"},{"family":"Gravante","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Battisti","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Cartolano","given":"Antonio"},{"family":"Soro","given":"Francesca"},{"family":"Buccione","given":"Emanuele"},{"family":"Dollaku","given":"Hamilton"},{"family":"Cascio","given":"Alessio"},{"family":"Napolitano","given":"Daniele"},{"family":"Limonti","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Marucci","given":"Anna"},{"family":"Imbrìaco","given":"Guglielmo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/nicc.70212","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nicc.70212","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415489750","type":"article-journal","title":"Study on CO2 Induced Gas Channeling in Tight Gas Reservoirs and Optimization of Injection Production Parameters","abstract":"Tight gas reservoirs are characterized by low porosity, low permeability, and strong heterogeneity. CO2 flooding, as an important approach for enhancing gas recovery while achieving carbon sequestration, is often restricted by gas channeling. Based on the sandstone reservoir parameters of the Shihezi Formation in the Ordos Basin, a two-dimensional fracture–matrix coupled numerical model was developed to systematically investigate the effects of fracture number, fracture inclination, fracture width, injection pressure, and permeability contrast on gas breakthrough time and sweep efficiency. A second-order regression model was further established using response surface methodology (RSM). The results show that a moderate fracture density can extend breakthrough time and improve sweep efficiency, while permeability contrast is the fundamental factor controlling gas channeling risk. When the contrast increases from 0.7 to 9.9, the breakthrough efficiency decreases from 88.5% to 68.9%. The response surface analysis reveals significant nonlinear interactions, including the coupled effects of fracture number with fracture width, injection pressure, and inclination angle. Under the optimized conditions, the breakthrough time can be extended to 46,984 h, with a corresponding sweep efficiency of 87.7%. These findings provide a quantitative evaluation method and engineering optimization guidance for controlling CO2 channeling in tight gas reservoirs.","author":[{"family":"Yan","given":"Haijun"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Gang"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Jianlin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Runxi"},{"family":"Ning","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xinglong"},{"family":"He","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Huaxun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18215584","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18215584","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416453425","type":"article-journal","title":"Editorial: Advances and challenges in geological CO2 sequestration","abstract":"The global scientific community continues to confront the urgent need to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations through large-scale, durable sequestration in geological formations. As international decarbonization targets intensify, geologic CO₂ storage has emerged as a cornerstone technology bridging energy security with climate mitigation. Yet, progress depends on improving understanding of geochemical trapping, basin-scale capacity estimation, and the technical-economic feasibility of developing safe and efficient storage value chains.The Research Topic \"Advances and Challenges in Geological CO₂ Sequestration\" brings together multidisciplinary contributions that capture state-of-the-art progress and enduring knowledge gaps in subsurface CO₂ storage. The collection spans structural characterization of storage complexes, development of regional carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) frameworks, and novel resource-optimization strategies. Collectively, these papers highlight that while regional geological heterogeneity, policy maturity, and monitoring readiness differ across continents, the technical principles governing injectivity, containment, and scalability remain universally critical.The featured articles in this Research Topic highlight advances from subsurface characterization and regional CCUS screening to value-chain deployment and dynamic modelling, collectively shaping the evolving landscape of geological CO₂ sequestration. Summary of these articles have been outlined in subsequent sub-sections and illustrated in Figure 1.In 3D seismic structural characterization of faulted subsurface reservoirs in the northern East Cameron Block, Gulf of America continental shelf: implications for CO₂ sequestration (O'Donnell et al., 2025;10.3389/feart.2025.1577336), high-resolution seismic interpretation and well-log integration were applied to the Miocene-Pliocene successions offshore Louisiana. The authors mapped rollover anticlines, salt-related growth faults, and regional sealing units that control plume migration and containment efficiency. Their study identified more than twenty structural closures capable of storing ~70 Mt of supercritical CO₂, emphasizing the significance of detailed fault geometry and seal integrity for safe long-term injection. This work demonstrates how 3D seismic data can bridge the gap between hydrocarbon exploration heritage and new CCUS potential in mature basins, providing a transferable workflow for other continental shelf provinces.A broader regional perspective is provided by A framework for regional high-level technical screening of promising CCUS value chains (Lothe et al., 2025;10.3389/feart.2025.1641951). Within the EUfunded CCUS ZEN project, this study developed a harmonized screening workflow integrating emission mapping, transport infrastructure, and storage readiness across the Baltic and Mediterranean regions. Using open-source geospatial datasets, the authors delineated industrial clusters, transport corridors, and storage units in saline aquifers and depleted fields, culminating in eight prototype CCUS value chains. Their analysis revealed that the Baltic region holds roughly triple the storage capacity of the Mediterranean, underscoring both geological potential and the need for coordinated transnational infrastructure. The framework offers a replicable methodology for other emerging CCUS regions to evaluate source-sink matching and storage maturity efficiently.Complementing the continental framework, CO₂ storage options in development of CCUS value chain scenarios in northern Poland (Wójcicki, 2025;10.3389/feart.2025.1679609) applies the CCUS ZEN principles to a specific Central European corridor. The study harmonized reservoir and caprock parameters from domestic and European datasets to evaluate both onshore and offshore saline aquifers of the Central European Basin System and Baltic Sea. Using Monte Carlo simulations and the CSLF methodology, it quantifi","author":[{"family":"Rasool","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Raza","given":"Arshad"},{"family":"Ahmad","given":"Maqsood"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/feart.2025.1744673","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2025.1744673","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413292326","type":"article-journal","title":"Properties of CO2 Micro-Nanobubbles and Their Significant Applications in Sustainable Development","abstract":"As an important part of global carbon neutrality strategies, carbon dioxide (CO2) capture, utilization, and storage technologies have emerged as critical solutions for reducing carbon emissions. However, conventional CO2 applications, including food preservation, industrial synthesis, and enhanced oil recovery, face inherent limitations such as suboptimal gas–liquid mass transfer efficiency and inadequate long-term stability. Recent advancements in CO2 micro-nanobubbles (CO2 MNBs) have demonstrated remarkable potential across multidisciplinary domains, owing to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics encompassing elevated internal pressure, augmented specific surface area, exceptional stability, etc. In this review, we try to comprehensively explore the unique physicochemical properties of CO2 MNBs and their emerging applications, including industrial, agricultural, environmental, and energy fields. Furthermore, we provide a prospective analysis of how these minuscule bubbles can emerge as pivotal in future technological innovations. We also offer novel insights and directions for research and applications across related fields. Finally, we engage in predicting their future development trends as a promising technological pathway for advancing carbon neutrality objectives.","author":[{"family":"Zheng","given":"Zeyun"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xingya"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Xingfei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Lijuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15161270","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15161270","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411609294","type":"article-journal","title":"Can New Quality Productivity Drive the Low-Carbon Transformation of Carbon-Intensive Industries? Macro and Micro Evidence from China","abstract":"Reducing carbon dioxide emissions within carbon-intensive industries is a critical strategy to effectively combat global warming. The accelerated cultivation and enhancement of new quality productivity has created new momentum directed towards industrial low-carbon transformation. Using data from a sample of Chinese provinces and enterprises between 2011 and 2022, this study quantifies, evaluates, and explores the influence and mechanisms of new quality productivity on the low-carbon transformation of carbon-intensive industries. The research findings show that: (1) Fostering new quality productivity effectively promotes the low-carbon transformation of carbon-intensive industries and plays a positive, empowering role. Industrial innovation, digital stimulation, technological innovation, and green empowerment all support the low-carbon transformation of carbon-intensive industries, with their respective impacts gradually decreasing in turn. (2) Mechanism analysis confirms a chain transmission mechanism of “new quality productivity—environmental protection investment—green innovation—the transformation of carbon-intensive industries” at the macro-provincial level. In micro-level carbon-intensive enterprises, a positive U-shaped relationship between new quality productivity and low-carbon transformation of carbon-intensive industries is evident, and the main pathways include increasing low-carbon, energy-saving investment and improving the ESG performance of high-carbon emission enterprises. (3) Advancing transformation is more pronounced in central and western areas, high-carbon areas, non-carbon trading pilot areas, and non-energy-rich ecologically fragile areas. The government and enterprises should take advantage of the development opportunities of new quality productivity and adopt low-carbon behaviors to promote transformational development.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Kuiying"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Feng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18133278","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18133278","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409112387","type":"article-journal","title":"A comparative study of energy system transformation toward carbon neutrality in BRICS nations","abstract":"BRICS nations, accounting for around 45% of global greenhouse gas emissions, have committed to reach carbon neutrality: Brazil and South Africa by 2050, China and Russia by 2060, and India by 2070. In this study, we use a computable general equilibrium model of the world economy to simulate energy system transformation pathways toward net zero, and compare their technological and economic implications. The results show that achieving carbon neutrality necessitates a significant increase in electrification and non-fossil fuel use, with 65% to 82% of energy to be supplied from renewables and 55% to 80% in form of electricity. The study also underscores the essential role of carbon capture and removal technologies, which are expected to contribute 27% to 64% of emission reductions after 2030 across BRICS. The mitigation costs vary by country, ranging from 250 to 390 USD per tonne of CO2 by the carbon neutrality year. Annual investments in the energy sector are projected to be equivalent to 0.8%–3.5% of GDP.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Dan‐wei"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Runxin"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Xiaodan"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Kaiwei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.26599/ecm.2025.9400002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.26599/ecm.2025.9400002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410918226","type":"article-journal","title":"An Organic Solvent-Free Route for Preparing Silica-Alkoxylated Polyethylenimine Adsorbents for CO2 Capture","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Mesoporous silica-supported polyethylenimine (PEI) and, more recently, alkoxylated PEI (APEI) are promising adsorbents for CO 2 capture, displaying high adsorption capacity and selectivity. Wet impregnation is the established synthesis procedure for preparing silica-PEI. However, excessive quantities of organic solvents, particularly methanol, have invariably been used for both PEI alkoxylation and polymer mixing with silica. This study demonstrates an organic solvent-free synthesis method for 1) mesoporous silica preparation from sodium silicate solution, 2) PEI alkoxylation, and 3) the subsequent impregnation of silica-PEI using minimal water, typically with a water-to-silica mass ratio not exceeding 1.0. For large scale samples (up to 5 kg) preparation, controlled drying is essential to retain approximately 5 Wt.% moisture, preserving CO 2 capture performance. APEIs can be tailored for direct air capture (30 °C) and industrial processes (50 °C) by controlling the alkoxylation chemistry and degree. Silica-APEI exhibits enhanced oxidative stability and reduced moisture coadsorption, which extend operational lifespan and lower regeneration energy consumption. This water-based synthesis eliminates the need for excess organic solvents, such as methanol, preventing volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, reducing drying energy consumption, and enhancing sustainability, making large-scale production commercially viable.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Stevens","given":"Lee"},{"family":"Hueffer","given":"Stephan"},{"family":"Merkel","given":"Tobias"},{"family":"Castro","given":"Ivette"},{"family":"Stebbing","given":"Simon"},{"family":"Snape","given":"Colin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c02616","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c02616","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416069773","type":"article-journal","title":"Synthesis, Design and Techno-Economic Evaluation of a Formic Acid Production Plant from Carbon Dioxide","abstract":"The conversion of CO2 into valuable chemicals such as formic acid offers a promising approach to reducing CO2 emissions. This study presents a techno-economic assessment of two continuous catalytic processes for formic acid production via carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrogenation. The processes differ in the type of nitrogenous base used, operating under either homogeneous or heterogeneous catalytic conditions. Process simulations and techno-economic evaluations were performed in SuperPro DesignerTM for a medium-scale facility with an annual CO2 processing capacity of around 14 kMT. The homogeneous catalysis pathway demonstrated superior plant performance, producing 13.03 kMT of formic acid per year at 99.78% purity. In contrast, the heterogeneous pathway required higher capital investment and exhibited lower overall efficiency. The techno-economic analysis confirmed the economic viability of the homogeneous process, with a production cost of $1.18/kg and favorable investment indicators, whereas the heterogeneous route proved economically unattractive under the evaluated assumptions. Sensitivity analysis identified the selling price of formic acid as the most critical profitability parameter, with the homogeneous process remaining robust across varying conditions. Overall, homogeneous catalytic CO2 hydrogenation demonstrates a technically efficient and economically promising process for the chemical transformation of CO2, contributing to carbon management.","author":[{"family":"Tzitzili","given":"Vasiliki"},{"family":"Misailidis","given":"Nikiforos"},{"family":"Parisis","given":"Vassilis"},{"family":"Petrides","given":"Demetri"},{"family":"Georgiadis","given":"Michael"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13113626","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13113626","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414981656","type":"article-journal","title":"Distinct characteristics of VEXAS-causative UBA1 M41 and recurrent functional non-M41 mutations","abstract":"VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is a severe inflammatory and hematologic disease caused by somatic mutations in UBA1. Canonical pathogenic mutations at UBA1 p.Met41 (M41) lead to the loss of the cytoplasmic isoform (UBA1b), while non-canonical mutations outside of M41 (non-M41) result in reduced activity of both nuclear and cytoplasmic isoforms. Studies have reported clinical differences between canonical and non-canonical mutations, but these findings are constrained by small sample sizes and scarcity of genetic studies. In our study, we screened 29,000 individuals for UBA1 variants, referred for a broad range of hematologic diseases, and subjected to 62-gene panel sequencing, identifying 232 patients carrying likely disease-causing mutations. We identified decreased polyubiquitylation in all of the 18 UBA1 variants tested and found differences in H2A/B monoubiquitylation alteration between M41 and non-M41 mutations. Our findings confirm that patients harboring M41 mutations present at most with myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) and suggest that M41 mutations generally do not tolerate multiple co-mutations. In contrast, non-M41 mutations are more likely to appear with co-mutations and are detected in patients with hematologic neoplasms other than MDS. Our study establishes that M41 and non-M41 mutations exhibit distinct clinical and biological phenotypes, significantly enhancing UBA1 variant interpretation.","author":[{"family":"Sakuma","given":"Maki"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Amy"},{"family":"Magaziner","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Keane","given":"Sachiko"},{"family":"Meggendorfer","given":"Manja"},{"family":"Kern","given":"Wolfgang"},{"family":"Haferlach","given":"Claudia"},{"family":"Haferlach","given":"Torsten"},{"family":"Beck","given":"David"},{"family":"Walter","given":"Wencke"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41375-025-02775-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-025-02775-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406088203","type":"article-journal","title":"Interface Optimization and Thermal Conductivity of Cu/Diamond Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering Process","abstract":"Cu/Diamond (Cu/Dia) composites are regarded as next-generation thermal dissipation materials and hold tremendous potential for use in future high-power electronic devices. The interface structure between the Cu matrix and the diamond has a significant impact on the thermophysical properties of the composite materials. In this study, Cu/Dia composite materials were fabricated using the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) process. The results indicate that the agglomeration of diamond particles decreases with increasing particle size and that a uniform distribution is achieved at 200 μm. With an increase in the sintering temperature, the interface bonding is first optimized and then weakened, with the optimal sintering temperature being 900 °C. The addition of Cr to the Cu matrix leads to the formation of Cr7C3 after sintering, which enhances the relative density and bonding strength at the interface, transitioning it from a physical bond to a metallurgical bond. Optimizing the diamond particle size increased the thermal conductivity from 310 W/m K to 386 W/m K, while further optimizing the interface led to a significant increase to 516 W/m K, representing an overall improvement of approximately 66%.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Su","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Mei","given":"Haijuan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Junliang"},{"family":"Gong","given":"Weiping"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15010073","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15010073","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409622248","type":"article-journal","title":"The effect of education using the interactive avatar application on self-care and the ability to identify and respond to the symptoms of heart attack in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial","abstract":"BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an interactive avatar application in enhancing self-care behaviors and improving recognition and response to heart attack symptoms among patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). METHODS: A non-blinded, two-arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 78 ACS patients randomly allocated to either an intervention group or a control group. The control group received conventional education, while the intervention group received conventional education supplemented with training via an interactive avatar application. The application provided guidance on self-care practices, recognition of heart attack symptoms, and appropriate responses. Data were collected at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months post-discharge using demographic questionnaires, the Self-Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory, and the ACS Response Index. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, independent samples t-tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: At the 3-month follow-up, participants in the intervention group exhibited significantly higher scores on both the Self-Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory and ACS Response Index compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, during the 3-month follow-up period, all patients in the intervention group (100%) ceased activity and took sublingual nitroglycerin upon experiencing heart attack symptoms, compared to 80% in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The interactive avatar application proved effective in improving knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and self-care behaviors among ACS patients. This innovative educational tool holds promise for enhancing patient outcomes in ACS management. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered at the Iranian Registration Clinical Trial Center (Code: IRCT20220920056001N1, Date: 2023-01-03).","author":[{"family":"Keivanlou","given":"Nahid"},{"family":"Babaieasl","given":"Faezeh"},{"family":"Jamali","given":"Jamshid"},{"family":"Baghyari","given":"Saeedeh"},{"family":"Dalir","given":"Zahra"},{"family":"Davoudi","given":"Nayyereh"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12913-025-12756-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12756-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7154960660","type":"article-journal","title":"Technical and environmental assessment of renewable dimethyl ether production from CO2 in different european contexts","abstract":"This work highlights the differences between two dimethyl ether (DME) production pathways from CO 2 : (S1) intensified direct conversion of CO 2 and H 2 via sorption-enhanced DME synthesis (SEDMES) in a single reactor, (S2) indirect conversion in two steps via methanol as an intermediate product followed by dehydration to DME; For this purpose, flue gas from a cement production plant was considered as the CO 2 source and membrane separation (MS) was used for carbon capture, while hydrogen was generated via water electrolysis. ProSimPlus® software, was used for process simulation. Starting from 5,864 kg CO 2 , scenario S2 produces 2,433 kg/h of DME, which is lower than 2,929.5 kg/h in S1. In addition, S1 shows significantly lower electrical and heating energy consumption per kgDME produced: 17.80 kWh and 3.07 MJ, respectively, compared to 22.59 kWh and 10.14 MJ in S2. The environmental analysis was carried out using a comprehensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach, with the production of 1 kg of high-purity DME defined as the functional unit and compared with the traditional production of DME (S3) from fossil methanol (MeOH). The results show that the electricity source plays an important role in determining the environmental impact in the context of North-West Europe with a focus on the Netherlands. If the SSP2-NDC trajectory is considered, for the Dutch electricity mix, the GWP100 impacts of both scenarios decrease significantly over year (2020–2050). For instance, in S2, GWP100 could decrease from 3.46 kg CO 2 -eq/kgDME in 2020 to −1.41 kg CO 2 -eq/kgDME by 2050 due to planned electricity defossilization in the Netherlands. Same for S1, GWP100 value dropped from 2.08 to −1.63 kg CO 2 -eq/kgDME, indicating climate positive outcomes. However, S3 maintains a stable GWP100 impact of around 1.2 kg CO 2 -eq/kg DME over years, due to its fossil fuel-based nature. This study demonstrated that S1 and S2 offer promising alternatives to the conventional fossil DME production pathway highlighting the importance of electricity sources.","author":[{"family":"Kanso","given":"Mohamad"},{"family":"Boon","given":"Jurriaan"},{"family":"Capa","given":"A"},{"family":"Tiruta-Barna","given":"Ligia"},{"family":"Robles-Rodríguez","given":"Carlos"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fceng.2026.1796275","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fceng.2026.1796275","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415970556","type":"article-journal","title":"The Universal Role of Gallium in Promoting Methanol Formation across CO 2 Hydrogenation Catalysts","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Conspectus The production of value-added chemicals from CO 2 has been a thriving topic of research for the past few decades because of its contribution to a circular carbon economy. Combined with CO 2 capture and storage, thermocatalytic hydrogenation of CO 2 to CH 3 OH with green or blue hydrogen, offers an attractive route to mitigate CO 2 emissions and to decarbonize the chemical industry. Numerous studies have been focused on catalysts based on supported metallic nanoparticles; these catalysts consist of at least one transition or coinage metal and a promoter element combined with an oxide support to disperse the active phase. Besides Zn-promoters used in Cu-based hydrogenation catalysts, numerous reports point to Ga as a promoter for methanol synthesis. In recent years, Ga has been shown to convert almost all transition metals toward selective methanol synthesis, but its specific role remains a topic of discussions. In this Account, we summarize how surface organometallic chemistry (SOMC) has enabled the discovery of novel catalysts and the development of detailed structure–activity relationships. Particularly, we show that Ga uniquely generates alloys with transition and coinage (Cu) metal elements across groups 8–11 and converts them into selective methanol synthesis catalysts. Specifically, we highlight the role of M–Ga alloy formation, alloy stability, and the formation of M(Ga)–GaO x interfaces under reaction conditions. This has been possible thanks to the combination of SOMC, which enables the formation of supported nanoparticles with tailored compositions and interfaces, and state-of-the-art characterization including operando techniques along with computational modeling, including ab initio molecular dynamic calculations. Dynamic alloying–dealloying behaviors under reaction conditions and the formation of M/MGa–GaO x interfaces are identified as key drivers for efficient methanol formation.","author":[{"family":"Hansen","given":"Colin"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Copéret","given":"Christophe"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.accounts.5c00581","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.5c00581","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406176360","type":"article-journal","title":"Supercritical CO2-Stable Cementing Materials Based on Vinyl Ester Resin for Maintaining Wellbore Integrity","abstract":"Ensuring long-term wellbore integrity is critical for carbon dioxide geological storage. Ordinary Portland cement (PC) is usually used for wellbore primary cementing and plug operation, and set cement is easily corroded by acidic fluids, such as carbon dioxide, in underground high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) environments, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties and an increase in permeability. In order to achieve long-term wellbore integrity in a CO2-rich environment This study introduces materials such as thermosetting vinyl ester resin (TSR), filler composite resin (FCR), and low-cost resin cement (RC). Corrosion experiments were conducted using four materials in 28 days under supercritical carbon dioxide gas and water phase conditions of 60 °C and 10 MPa. The samples were characterized through mechanical property testing machines, core permeability measuring instruments, FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The results proved that after corrosion, PC mechanical properties decreased, the permeability increased, and the microscopic composition and morphology changed greatly. Penetrating corrosion occurs in the sample in the gas phase environment, and propulsive corrosion from outside to inside occurs in the water phase environment. However, TSR, FCR, and RC materials all maintain excellent resistance to carbon dioxide corrosion in gas and water environments. They have higher compressive strength and extremely low permeability compared to ordinary Portland cement. These three materials’ compressive strengths can be maintained around 131, 99, and 58 MPa, and permeability can be stabilized at <6 × 10−7, <6 × 10−7, and 0.16 mD levels. In summary, the above three materials all show better performance than ordinary Portland cement and are promising alternative materials that can be used in primary cementing and plug operations of carbon dioxide geological storage wells.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Zhong"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Zhiming"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Dingzhao"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Zhiqiang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Daohang"},{"family":"Guan","given":"Shuwen"},{"family":"Du","given":"Guangyan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma18020244","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18020244","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414095341","type":"article-journal","title":"Pathway Evolution Modeling of Provincial Power Systems Under Multi-Scenario Carbon Constraints: An Empirical Analysis of Guangdong, China","abstract":"China’s energy system is transitioning from a state of coal-dependent, low-electrification to a low-carbon, high-electrification paradigm. Carbon emissions have become a central constraint that directly influences generation expansion and transmission investment decisions. This study develops a bottom-up optimization framework integrating dynamic carbon trajectories into a coupled generation–transmission–storage expansion model. Distinct carbon emission trajectories are established on the basis of Guangdong’s allocated carbon budget, and the analysis evaluates the resulting power system structures and transition pathways under each scenario. Results show that Guangdong’s clean energy transition relies on external power imports, nuclear power, and variable renewable energy (VRE), collectively accounting for 87% of generation by 2060. Flexibility requirements expand substantially, with storage capacity rising from 10% of installed VRE in 2030 to 26% in 2060. Critically, under identical cumulative carbon budgets, an accelerated decarbonization pathway achieving earlier peak emissions demonstrates a pivotal economic trade-off: it imposes modestly higher near-term operation costs but delivers significant long-term savings by avoiding prohibitively expensive end-of-period abatement measures. Specifically, advancing the emissions peak from 2030 to 2025 reduces cumulative system costs over the planning horizon by CNY 53.7 billion and lowers the 2060 levelized cost of electricity by 5.2%.","author":[{"family":"Gong","given":"Guoxian"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Weijie"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Shuxin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yixin"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Shucan"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Haotian"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Jianlin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Peng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13092893","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092893","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414550775","type":"article-journal","title":"Analysis of the etiological characteristics of multidrug-resistant organisms and prognostic factors in ICU patients","abstract":"Background Multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections contribute to high mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, yet their specific pathogen profile and mortality risk factors are inadequately characterized. Objective In this study, we aim to investigate MDRO infections in ICU patients, identify prevalent pathogens, and evaluate risk factors associated with 28-day mortality. Methods A retrospective study of 260 ICU patients with MDRO infections (resistant to ≥3 antimicrobial classes) analyzed the specimen types, infection sites, and pathogens. Patients were grouped (survival group and non-survival group) based on 28-day survival outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression identified prognostic factors, and the model’s validity, fit, and discriminatory power were assessed. Results In ICU patients with MDRO infections, sputum was the most common test specimen, with the respiratory system as the main infection site. Pathogenic bacteria primarily included Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Sixty-seven patients died within 28 days after enrollment (mortality rate: 25.77%). ICU length of stay [odds ratio (OR): 1.141; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.020–1.275], Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score upon admission (OR: 1.496; 95% CI: 1.261–1.775), comorbidity with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (OR: 4.620; 95% CI: 1.665–12.821), comorbidity with pulmonary diseases (OR: 4.150; 95% CI: 1.722–10.000), duration of mechanical ventilation >7 days (OR: 3.457; 95% CI: 1.502–7.955), and number of invasive procedures (OR: 1.845; 95% CI: 1.239–2.748) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in ICU patients with MDRO infections. A logistic regression equation was developed: logistic regression equation = −20.646 + 0.132X1 (ICU stay) + 0.403X2 (APACHE II score) + 1.530X3 (cardiovascular/cerebrovascular comorbidities) + 1.423X4 (pulmonary comorbidities) + 1.240X5 (mechanical ventilation >7 days) + 0.613X6 (invasive procedures). The model was statistically significant (likelihood ratio chi-square test, P < 0.05) and demonstrated a good fit (Hosmer–Lemeshow test, P > 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.913 (0.85 ≤ AUC <0.95), with 65.67% sensitivity, 93.78% specificity, and 86.54% accuracy in predicting the survival/death risk in MDRO-infected patients, indicating strong discriminatory power. Conclusion ICU patients with MDRO infections exhibit diverse pathogens. Prompt preventive and control measures should be implemented based on the characteristics of MDRO infections and high-risk factors associated with prognosis to reduce the risk of death following MDRO infections.","author":[{"family":"Du","given":"Fengxia"},{"family":"Ji","given":"Qun"},{"family":"Li","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Xi","given":"Rui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1658683","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1658683","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409543244","type":"article-journal","title":"Assembly and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Leonurus japonicus (Lamiaceae)","abstract":"Leonurus japonicus Houtt. (L. japonicus), as an important plant resource with both ornamental and medicinal value, has now spread worldwide and is widely studied. Currently, its chromosomal genome and chloroplast genome (cpDNA) have been reported, but the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) has not yet been explored. In this study, we extracted DNA from fresh leaves of L. japonicus and performed sequencing and assembly of its mtDNA using both second-generation and third-generation sequencing technologies. The complete mtDNA of L. japonicus is 382,905 bp in length, with a GC content of 45.13%. This genome includes 15 tRNA genes, 32 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and 4 rRNA genes. In this mtDNA genome, we predicted a total of 480 RNA editing sites among the 32 PCGs. Subsequently, we conducted analyses on repetitive sequences, organelle genome sequence migration, and Relative Synonymous Codon Usage (RSCU). There are 28 homologous sequence fragments between the mtDNA and cpDNA of L. japonicus, which are related to the migration of 10 mtDNA genes. The RSCU analysis predicted 28 high-frequency codons, most of which prefer to end with A/U. Selection pressure analysis indicated that the Ka/Ks ratio for the majority of PCGs is less than 1, suggesting they are highly conserved during evolutionary processes. Phylogenetic results from 24 species indicate that the genera Leonurus and Scutellaria within the Lamiaceae family have the closest relationships. In summary, we have successfully assembled the complete mtDNA of L. japonicus by integrating second-generation and third-generation sequencing data for the first time. Subsequent multi-faceted analyses have allowed us to gain deeper insights into the numerous features of this genome, providing important reference data for the molecular genetics, dynamic evolution, and species identification of this plant. This work promotes the conservation and development of this important resource of medicinal and edible plants.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Qun"},{"family":"Li","given":"Qing"},{"family":"Mao","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Yongjian"},{"family":"Deng","given":"Zhijun"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wenhu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-97594-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97594-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417491273","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancement in Calcium Looping for Carbon Capture: A Content and Bibliometric Review of 20 years of Research","abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions pose global challenges, necessitating carbon neutrality in future development. CO 2 capture and energy storage technologies are crucial steps, with calcium looping (CaL) holding significant potential for both. This technology is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality in future strategies. This paper thoroughly reviews the use of CaL in CO 2 capture and storage over the past two decades. It provides an overview of CaL’s application, reviews research progress in CaL‐integrated systems, discusses existing limitations, and highlights possibilities for future growth. According to the study, from 2003 to 2023, 692 documents were published on CaL. The annual growth rate of 18.92% indicates rapidly expanding research efforts and increasing recognition of CaL potential. Based on the findings, the field of CaL has evolved from understanding historical carbon cycles to incorporating advanced combustion techniques and renewable resources. Key concepts like “process simulation,” “modeling,” and “life cycle assessment (LCA)” have become more prominent in relation to the subject matter. The study indicates that CaL has significant potential for carbon capture (CC) and storage. However, future research should focus on sorbent development, process optimization, characterization, economic evaluations, and large‐scale applications to improve efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Odoi-Yorke","given":"Flavio"},{"family":"Agyekum","given":"Ephraim"},{"family":"Abbey","given":"Agnes"},{"family":"Jahangiri","given":"Mehdi"},{"family":"Rashid","given":"Farhan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/er/8796244","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/8796244","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413805546","type":"article-journal","title":"Dual‐Terminal Molecular Strategy for Robust and Reversible Supramolecular Adhesion","abstract":"Achieving strong yet reversible adhesion via minimalist molecular design remains a critical challenge for next-generation supramolecular materials. Here, a dual-end modular adhesion strategy is presented based on a small organic molecule incorporating carboxylic acid and triphenylphosphonium terminals linked by a flexible alkyl spacer. This design enables synergistic noncovalent interactions-including hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and electrostatic forces-to construct a thermally reconfigurable supramolecular network. Upon mild heating, the system transitions from ordered to amorphous states, facilitating dynamic cohesion and interfacial adaptability across both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates. The resulting adhesive achieves high lap-shear strength (up to 4.6 MPa on polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), rapid curing, and exceptional resistance to solvents, humidity, and low temperatures. Moreover, it enables fully reversible adhesion and closed-loop recyclability. Combined experimental characterizations and molecular simulations reveal how the interplay of molecular architecture and noncovalent synergy governs adhesion performance. This work provides a generalizable framework for the design of sustainable, programmable supramolecular adhesives.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Shiru"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Meng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yuru"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Yongri"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Guangming"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Keju"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jingyue"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202511818","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202511818","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413496957","type":"article-journal","title":"Evaluation of Absorbent Solutions for the Integrated CO 2 Desorption and Electrolysis","abstract":"Abstract CO 2 electrolysis is an approach that contributes to mitigating global warming. Integrated CO 2 electrolysis is a possibility to reduce operating costs by combining desorption and electrolysis. In this approach, it is important to provide sufficient CO 2 directly from the absorbent solution to the catalyst, whereby the physically absorbed CO 2 appears to play a central role. Therefore, the absorbent solution used for integrated electrolysis must meet a wide range of requirements, as it needs to supply sufficient CO 2 while being compatible with the process conditions in the cell. In this study, it is demonstrated that KOH and piperazine (PZ) are suitable absorbent solutions for integrated CO 2 electrolysis among the three tested groups of absorbents – namely, inorganic, amines, and physical absorbents. The results reveal that physical absorbents provide the highest amount of accessible CO 2 for electrolysis, whereas inorganic absorbents exhibit the highest compatibility with the membranes. KOH and PZ demonstrate the ability to withstand the electrochemical conditions during CO 2 electrolysis and the capability to produce C 2+ products during integrated CO 2 electrolysis. These results highlight the critical importance of absorbent selection and demonstrate the feasibility of using KOH as well as amine‐based solutions, such as PZ, for integrated CO 2 electrolysis.","author":[{"family":"Hauf","given":"Fabian"},{"family":"Kollmuß","given":"Ricarda"},{"family":"Haufe","given":"Stefan"},{"family":"Klemm","given":"Elias"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adsu.202500846","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202500846","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412694111","type":"article-journal","title":"Total Performance in Practice: Energy Efficiency in Modern Developer-Built Housing","abstract":"Improving the energy efficiency of residential buildings is essential for achieving global climate goals and reducing environmental impact. This study analyzes the Total Performance approach using the example of a modern semi-detached house built by a Polish developer, as an example. The building is designed with integrated systems that minimize energy consumption while maintaining resident comfort. The building is equipped with an air-to-water heat pump, underfloor heating, mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, and automatic temperature control systems. Energy efficiency was assessed using ArCADia–TERMOCAD 8.0 software in accordance with Polish Technical Specifications (TS) and verified by monitoring real-time electricity consumption during the heating season. The results show a PED from non-renewable sources of 54.05 kWh/(m2·year), representing a 23% reduction compared to the Polish regulatory limit of 70 kWh/(m2·year). Real-time monitoring conducted from December 2024 to April 2025 confirmed these results, indicating an actual energy demand of approximately 1771 kWh/year. Domestic hot water (DHW) preparation accounted for the largest share of energy consumption. Despite its dependence on grid electricity, the building has the infrastructure to enable future photovoltaic (PV) installation, offering further potential for emissions reduction. The results confirm that Total Performance strategies are not only compliant with applicable standards, but also economically and environmentally viable. They represent a scalable model for sustainable residential construction, in line with the European Union’s (EU’s) decarbonization policy and the goals of the European Green Deal.","author":[{"family":"Sitek","given":"Wiktor"},{"family":"Kosakiewicz","given":"Michał"},{"family":"Krysińska","given":"Karolina"},{"family":"Vaverková","given":"Magdalena"},{"family":"Podlasek","given":"Anna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18154003","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18154003","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415694080","type":"article-journal","title":"Global perspectives on energy technology assessment and educational pathways for sustainable energy transitions","abstract":"Abstract Energy technology assessment (ETA) examines the technological, economic, social, and environmental impacts of energy solutions to support sustainable energy transitions. This study applies bibliometric analysis to evaluate the progress, trends, and contributions of ETA research, using data from the Scopus, Web of Science, and Dimensions AI databases. Prominent authors, institutions, and countries contributing to ETA development were identified, with the United States, China, and the United Kingdom emerging as leading contributors. Citation and co-authorship analyses revealed strong collaborations among European and East Asian institutions, while keyword co-occurrence mapping highlighted renewable energy, energy storage, carbon capture, and life-cycle assessment as core research themes. Trends indicate a growing focus on integrating ETA with digital technologies, such as AI-driven modelling and big data analytics, to enhance decision-making for low-carbon systems. The multidisciplinary nature of ETA underscores its potential to inform policy regulations, guide technological innovation, and optimize sustainable energy systems. Policy implications include the need for frameworks enabling the adaptation of ETA tools to develop economies and incentives for industry adoption of cleaner technologies. Future research should explore harmonized methodologies, region-specific ETA applications, and cross-sectoral integration to bridge the gap between research evidence and practical implementation. Graphical abstract","author":[{"family":"Hridoy","given":"Md"},{"family":"Bordin","given":"Chiara"},{"family":"Baki","given":"Azeez"},{"family":"Masood","given":"A"},{"family":"David","given":"Gift"},{"family":"Parven","given":"Afshana"},{"family":"Jahan","given":"Tasfiah"},{"family":"Nasrin","given":"Khadiza"},{"family":"Rahman","given":"Shahidur"},{"family":"Hossain","given":"Arman"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Md"},{"family":"Jamee","given":"Mohtasim"},{"family":"Marine","given":"Sabiha"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s42452-025-07834-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-025-07834-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406708350","type":"article-journal","title":"Multi-Objective Optimization of a Hybrid Fossil/Renewable Carbon Methanol Cluster","abstract":"Replacing fossil carbon- with renewable carbon-based technologies is imperative for transitioning to sustainable chemical production. However, most production pathways based on renewable carbon are currently economically unappealing. Here, we show that hybrid clusters exploiting synergies between different fossil and renewable carbon-based processes in terms of heat, mass, and power integration could make defossilized chemical technologies more competitive. We consider an integrated carbon cluster based on fossil and renewable carbon feedstocks for methanol production, including a novel oxy-combustion cycle for purge gas treatment and power generation. Using multiobjective optimization considering economic and environmental criteria (i.e., unitary production cost and global warming potential (GWP) impact, respectively), we find that integrated clusters could reduce the cost of carbon-neutral methanol by up to 30%, while leading to reductions in GWP impact from 21 to 142% for a given unitary production cost target, and heating utility savings between 80 and 100%. We conclude that hybridization of fossil and renewable technologies could become instrumental in enabling a gradual shift toward sustainable chemical production pathways.","author":[{"family":"Jog","given":"Sachin"},{"family":"Medranogarcía","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Vázquez","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Guilléngosálbez","given":"Gonzalo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c06566","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c06566","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410069476","type":"article-journal","title":"Levenberg–Marquardt Analysis of MHD Hybrid Convection in Non-Newtonian Fluids over an Inclined Container","abstract":"This work aims to explore the magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection boundary layer flow (MHD-MCBLF) on a slanted extending cylinder using Eyring–Powell fluid in combination with Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm–artificial neural networks (LMA-ANNs). The thermal properties include thermal stratification, which has a higher temperature surface on the cylinder than on the surrounding fluid. The mathematical model incorporates essential factors involving mixed conventions, thermal layers, heat absorption/generation, geometry curvature, fluid properties, magnetic field intensity, and Prandtl number. Partial differential equations govern the process and are transformed into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations with proper changes of variables. Datasets are generated for two cases: a flat plate (zero curving) and a cylinder (non-zero curving). The applicability of the LMA-ANN solver is presented by solving the MHD-MCBLF problem using regression analysis, mean squared error evaluation, histograms, and gradient analysis. It presents an affordable computational tool for predicting multicomponent reactive and non-reactive thermofluid phase interactions. This study introduces an application of Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm-based artificial neural networks (LMA-ANNs) to solve complex magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection boundary layer flows of Eyring–Powell fluids over inclined stretching cylinders. This approach efficiently approximates solutions to the transformed nonlinear differential equations, demonstrating high accuracy and reduced computational effort. Such advancements are particularly beneficial in industries like polymer processing, biomedical engineering, and thermal management systems, where modeling non-Newtonian fluid behaviors is crucial.","author":[{"family":"Barakat","given":"Julien"},{"family":"Barakeh","given":"Zaher"},{"family":"Ghandour","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/eng6050092","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/eng6050092","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415908205","type":"article-journal","title":"Genetic Diversity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Clonal Transmission (ST92) in Critical Care Units at Hospital Juárez de México: MLST and Virulence Profiling","abstract":"Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is considered one of the emerging bacterial agents causing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in hospital environments. This microorganism has been identified as multidrug-resistant, capable of forming mature biofilms—an ability that promotes adherence to surfaces and invasive medical devices, favoring persistence in hospital environments and the potential to generate outbreaks. The aim of this study was to characterize S. maltophilia strains isolated from HAI cases at the Hospital Juárez de México and to determine the presence of hidden outbreaks. Antibiotic resistance profiles were determined, along with the typing of 20 genes associated with virulence factors and the assessment of the ability to form mature biofilms on inert surfaces. Finally, sequence type (ST) was obtained through multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to determine the clonal diversity of the isolates. All strains showed uniform resistance to β-lactam antibiotics tested while remaining sensitive to fluoroquinolones, phenicols, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Some isolates exhibited adherent activity, with the “strong biofilm-former” phenotype predominating. Sixteen virulence-related genes were heterogeneously detected, revealing broad genetic diversity. MLST analysis grouped the isolates into nine ST related to infection cases reported in others countries. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated the presence of three potential clones distributed across Internal Medicine and the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. These results highlight the importance of investigating S. maltophilia as an HAI-associated pathogen that remains understudied.","author":[{"family":"Nicolás-Sayago","given":"Liliana"},{"family":"Cruz-Cruz","given":"Clemente"},{"family":"Durán-Manuel","given":"Emilio"},{"family":"Castroescarpulli","given":"Graciela"},{"family":"Ortizlópez","given":"María"},{"family":"Jiménezzamarripa","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Rojasbernabé","given":"Araceli"},{"family":"Nieto-Velázquez","given":"Nayeli"},{"family":"Tolentino-Sánchez","given":"Eduardo"},{"family":"Bravata-Alcántara","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Ortega","given":"Julio"},{"family":"Castellanos","given":"Benito"},{"family":"López-Ornelas","given":"Adolfo"},{"family":"Márquez-Valdelamar","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Blanco-Hernández","given":"Dulce"},{"family":"Puente-Rivera","given":"Jonathan"},{"family":"Calzadamendoza","given":"Claudia"},{"family":"Tamayo-Ordóñez","given":"Yahaíra"},{"family":"Tamayoordoñez","given":"María"},{"family":"Tamayoordóñez","given":"Francisco"},{"family":"Loyola-Cruz","given":"Miguel"},{"family":"Bellolópez","given":"Juan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pathogens14111125","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14111125","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414773521","type":"article-journal","title":"Mechanism, contributing factors, and coping strategies of alarm fatigue in intensive care nursing: a qualitative study","abstract":"Objective: To explore the mechanism, contributing factors of alarm fatigue among nurses in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), and to develop targeted coping strategies. Methods: A combination of purposive and snowball sampling was employed to recruit 27 frontline clinical nurses from various ICU departments. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and an inductive content analysis of the interview transcripts was performed based on Cognitive Load Theory and the Job Demands-Resources Model. Results: The study found that alarm fatigue involves dynamic shifts among three cognitive states-cognitive reserve deficit, cognitive load balance, and cognitive overload-with overload being the immediate trigger. Nurses often enter ICU work with limited cognitive reserves. Whether they maintain balance or enter overload depends on the intensity of alarm-related demands and the availability of supportive resources. High-intensity demands for alarm response, such as high alarm frequency, persistent false alarms, multitasking, night shifts, and work-family conflict, are risk factors for alarm fatigue. Resources for alarm response may function as either effective or inadequate support, aligning with protective or risk factors, respectively. Effective support helps alleviate cognitive load and includes effective team collaboration, management's emphasis on alarm management, comprehensive theoretical training, high psychological adaptability, a strong sense of responsibility, and extensive work experience. Conversely, inadequate support increases cognitive load and includes lack of practical training, absence of formal regulations, outdated and malfunctioning equipment, crowded and noisy layout, emotional personality traits, insufficient or poor sleep, and suboptimal health status. Conclusion: Cognitive load as a mechanism linking the interaction between alarm response demands and available resources in the development of alarm fatigue among ICU nurses. To mitigate alarm fatigue, it is essential to reduce the intensity of alarm demands while enhancing resource support to relieve cognitive load. Organizational efforts should optimize alarm systems, establish formal protocols, and provide comprehensive training. Teams should reinforce collaboration and mutual support. Individually, nurses are encouraged to enhance psychological self-regulation and maintain sufficient sleep and physical health.","author":[{"family":"Zhu","given":"Ling"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Siying"},{"family":"An","given":"Yawen"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Wenjun"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Xiaofeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fpubh.2025.1654389","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1654389","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412627353","type":"article-journal","title":"CO2 Capture over Chitosan Biochars: Tailoring the Properties for Highly Efficient Adsorbents","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Chitosan biochars were prepared via two different pathways to obtain N-functionalized adsorbents. The direct calcination of chitosan in the presence of K 2 CO 3 afforded CHIT-CO3-XXX materials (XXX refers to the temperature of calcination), whereas the initial hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of chitosan, followed by calcination in the presence of K 2 CO 3, afforded HTC48-CO3-XXX materials. The biochars obtained by direct carbonization of chitosan presented a lower BET area and nitrogen content than the carbons obtained from HTC chitosan, considering the same temperature of calcination. Among the biochars, CHIT-CO3-700 presented the highest CO 2 uptake (5.3 mmol·g –1 ), whereas HTC48-CO3-600, prepared upon calcination of HTC chitosan, presented 4.7 mmol·g –1 of CO 2 uptake, at 25 °C and 1 bar. These materials were characterized by different techniques and tested for the adsorption of CO 2 at different temperatures. The adsorption profiles were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm and the second-order kinetic model. The selectivity for CO 2 /N 2 gas mixtures, taken from the Henry constant, was 1.7 and 10 for CHIT-CO3-700 and HTC48-CO3-600, respectively. In situ FTIR drift studies also indicated that the HTC48-CO3-600 biochar can retain some adsorbed CO 2 at 150 °C. These results may be explained by the higher total basicity of the HTC48-CO3-600 biochar, indicating that the initial hydrothermal carbonization of chitosan produces a biochar with improved properties for selective CO 2 capture.","author":[{"family":"Chagas","given":"José"},{"family":"Pinto","given":"Bianca"},{"family":"Lima","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Mota","given":"Cláudio"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02026","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02026","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7164189674","type":"article-journal","title":"298 Lipid lowering therapy optimisation during acute coronary syndrome index hospitalisation and in post MI clinic","abstract":"Introduction This was an original Quality Improvement Project (QIP) done at a District General Hospital Coronary Care Unit (CCU). Following the Focused Update on Dyslipidaemia guidance provided by the ESC in 2025, our team decided to evaluate our use of lipid lowering therapies (LLT) during index hospitalisation of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). ESC guidelines advocate aiming for a target LDL-C level of <1.4 mmol/L and to intensify LLT when this is not achieved at Post MI follow-up. Our team was comprised of Resident Doctors and Cardiac Nurse Specialists working in collaboration to improve adherence to ESC guidelines within CCU as well as during Post MI Clinic (PMIC) follow-up. Methods Inclusion criteria involved identifying patients who had presented to our department with an ACS. Patients aged over 85 years old were excluded from the data collection. Following baseline data collection, education sessions were delivered to resident doctors and cardiac nurse specialists in ‘Cycle 1’ of this QIP. In ‘Cycle 2’ posters were displayed in the CCU which included a flowchart of the ESC guidelines. The two complete cycles were undertaken using the ‘Plan Do Study Act’ quality improvement methodology. Clear process, outcome and balancing measures were identified. Process measures included the percentage of patients having LDL-C blood levels measurement on admission and prior to PMIC. Balancing measures included the recognition that increasing LLT usage had the potential to result in increased medication related side effects. The primary outcome measure was the percentage of patients receiving LLT optimisation. Results Baseline data collection of 44 admissions over a 2-month period highlighted that whilst 71% patients were optimised on LLT during index admission, only 38.6% were optimised during PMIC. Data analysis in Cycle 1 included 35 patients presenting to CCU and PMIC, with 81.8% and 54.5% optimised during index admission and PMIC respectively. Data analysis in Cycle 2 included 33 patients, with at 81.8% and 75.8% receiving optimised LLT at index admission and PMIC respectively. The percentage of patients having LDL-C level measurement prior to PMIC was 79.5% at baseline, 81.8% in cycle 1 and 90.9% in cycle 2. Conclusions Following multimodal interventions, we observed a marked improvement in LLT optimisation in patients with ACS. This improvement was greatest at the PMIC stage, reflecting excellent adherence to ESC guidelines by the Cardiac Nurse Specialists. Barriers to optimised LLT included discontinuation of LLT necessitated by adverse medication-related side effects. Factors such as patient attendance to lipid profile testing prior to PMIC were also difficult to optimise: this has been identified as a future area for improvement. Future application of this QIP may extend to providing teaching to other areas within the trust, with a particular emphasis on departments receiving a high volume of patients such as the Acute Medicine Unit.","author":[{"family":"Kothari","given":"Neel"},{"family":"Tranter","given":"H"},{"family":"Lewis","given":"Jordan"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Calvin"},{"family":"Akhtar","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1136/heartjnl-2026-bcs.74","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2026-bcs.74","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416986961","type":"article-journal","title":"Historical and future projected costs of capital for ten energy technologies across 176 countries","abstract":"Accelerating the deployment of clean generation technologies will be key to achieving global climate targets, yet accurately modelling the financial conditions they face is challenging. The cost of capital (or discount rate) is a key input for energy system models, which are used widely to explore future decarbonisation scenarios. Despite its importance, data on the cost of capital is typically outdated, closed-source and geographically concentrated. Even for countries with substantial technology deployment, accessing empirical data can be difficult, leading to the use of standard assumptions in modelling which can substantially bias results (due to the high capital intensity of clean technologies). Here, we provide estimates of the cost of capital for 10 generation technologies at a national level (including solar, wind, bioenergy, and natural gas with carbon capture) for 176 countries, for 2015 to 2030 spanning 27,640 data points. An interactive web tool available at wacc-forecaster.streamlit.app has also been produced to visualise estimates for given years, countries and technologies, making results more accessible to a range of audiences.","author":[{"family":"Hatton","given":"Luke"},{"family":"Staffell","given":"Iain"},{"family":"Jansen","given":"Malte"},{"family":"Oluleye","given":"Gbemi"},{"family":"Hawkes","given":"Adam"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41597-025-06177-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-06177-0","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4413161655","type":"article-journal","title":"Copper-containing layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries","abstract":"Abstract Layered transition metal oxides are among the most promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, structural tunability, and cost-effectiveness. However, conventional Ni- and Co-based layered oxides are hindered by high raw material costs, limited elemental abundance, and phase instability during electrochemical cycling. Recently, copper has emerged as an attractive alternative transition metal, offering significant advantages in terms of redox activity, structural stabilization, voltage regulation, and rate performance. Unlike Ni and Co, Cu can facilitate unique redox mechanisms and enable more sustainable material design. This review systematically summarizes recent progress on Cu-containing layered sodium oxides, with emphasis on their structural characteristics, electrochemical behavior, and the critical roles that Cu plays within the host lattice. The insights provided herein aim to highlight the potential of Cu-substituted or Cu-containing layered oxides as a viable pathway toward high-performance and resource-accessible SIB cathodes for future energy storage applications. Graphical abstract","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Seungmin"},{"family":"Ronne","given":"Arthur"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Kangxuan"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Enyuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1557/s43578-025-01669-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-025-01669-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412758968","type":"article-journal","title":"Multifidelity Monte Carlo method for rapid uncertainty quantification in CO$$_2$$ storage applications","abstract":"Abstract We present a multifidelity Multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method for efficient uncertainty quantification in CO $$_2$$ 2 storage applications. By combining full-physics reservoir models with reduced-order vertical equilibrium (VE) models, the approach significantly reduces computational cost while maintaining accuracy. VE models, which assume vertical equilibrium and model only lateral flow, enable rapid simulation of complex, layered reservoirs. We demonstrate the method on realistic case studies, including the Johansen and Sleipner sites, showing that MLMC with VE can significantly reduce simulation time compared to standard Monte Carlo methods. This makes large-scale ensemble simulations feasible for applications such as storage capacity estimation and improved uncertainty estimates to be used in value-of-information (VOI) monitoring design.","author":[{"family":"Watson","given":"Francesca"},{"family":"Klemetsdal","given":"Øystein"},{"family":"Lye","given":"Kjetil"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s10596-025-10372-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-025-10372-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408408327","type":"article-journal","title":"Interactions of rare earth elements with living organisms and emerging biotechnical applications","abstract":"Societal Impact Statement Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical resources required to achieve net‐zero carbon emission targets and energy security. However, rising demand for REEs coupled with significant extraction and processing challenges and geopolitical risks restricts access to REE resources. REE processing innovations that reduce hazardous waste generation and improve extraction efficiency are needed. Plants, and some microorganisms, can harness REE properties to enhance their metabolic processes and physiological functions. Exploration and understanding of the mechanisms plants and microbes use to manage REEs can inspire improved processes for extraction and refining towards meeting growing demand for these essential elements while minimizing negative environmental impacts. Summary Creating a sustainable future involves transitioning to green‐ and clean‐energy technologies, which require materials like rare earth elements (REEs). There are REEs that have catalytic, electrical, magnetic, and phosphorescent properties that are unique. REE properties enhance functional capability in technologies such as electronics, electric vehicles, direct drive generators in wind turbines, and optical and medical imaging devices. As REE demand rises, improving REE extraction processes and building capacity for recycling and recovery of REEs from waste is becoming increasingly important to ensure we have sustainable and sufficient REE supply for manufacturing the technologies of the future. Understanding how REEs interact with biological processes is important for ensuring responsible management of REEs in our environment. This paper explores why some living organisms like plants and microbes bioaccumulate REEs. Our current understanding of the interaction of REEs in biology and gaps in knowledge of whether REEs enhance functional capabilities in living organisms are discussed. Greater understanding of how and why some living organisms can tolerate and potentially benefit from REE properties could inspire novel strategies and technologies for securing a sustainable REE supply.","author":[{"family":"Mcgaughey","given":"Samantha"},{"family":"Iqbal","given":"Shagufta"},{"family":"Rosa","given":"Annamaria"},{"family":"Caley","given":"Jessica"},{"family":"Kaksonen","given":"Anna"},{"family":"Villagomez","given":"Denys"},{"family":"Byrt","given":"Caitlin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ppp3.70010","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.70010","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160891878","type":"article-journal","title":"Educação permanente com agentes comunitários de saúde sobre câncer do colo do útero utilizando educação popular em saúde: relato de experiência","abstract":"Introdução: O Câncer do Colo do Útero (CCU) é um problema de saúde pública cuja prevenção pode ser fortalecida por estratégias educativas. Os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) têm papel essencial na disseminação de informação e no acompanhamento da população. Objetivo: Descrever a experiência de educação permanente com ACS da Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) Alegre, em Bragança-PA, realizada por estudantes de Enfermagem da Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), fundamentada nos princípios da Educação Popular em Saúde (EPS), valorizando os saberes dos ACS. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de experiência de caráter descritivo, que se utilizou o método da teia do conhecimento desenvolvido por Freire (2021). A experiência foi aplicada em 20 de janeiro de 2025, com seis ACS. A dinâmica considerou três etapas: (1) definição do tema gerador “Os cuidados quanto a prevenção do câncer do colo do útero”; (2) discussão coletiva a partir das palavras geradoras; (3) construção da teia interligando as palavras e desenvolvendo os conceitos a partir do diálogo entre os ACS e os estudantes de enfermagem. Resultados: Os principais resultados indicaram que os ACS associaram a realização do exame Papanicolau como o único método de prevenção do CCU, evidenciando o desconhecimento sobre outras estratégias preventivas, como a vacinação contra o Papilomavírus Humano (HPV), o uso de preservativos e as ações de Educação em saúde. Além disso, durante as discussões entre os estudantes e os ACS, percebeu-se que esses profissionais não se observam como protagonistas na prevenção do CCU dentro da Rede de Atenção Primária à Saúde, além de apresentarem dificuldades na compreensão do funcionamento da Rede de Atenção à Saúde e na integração dos serviços. Conclusão: Diante dos resultados, evidencia-se a necessidade de fortalecer a Educação Popular em Saúde para qualificar a atuação dos ACS na Atenção Primária. Conforme Freire (2021), a educação deve ser dialógica e emancipatória, valorizando o conhecimento popular dos ACS e ampliando sua compreensão sobre prevenção do CCU e da Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Apenas por meio de processos educativos críticos e participativos será possível integrar os ACS de maneira ativa, garantindo uma atenção mais eficaz a população.","author":[{"family":"Santos","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Nascimento","given":"Marina"},{"family":"Oliveiras","given":"Marcos"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5327/prmj.347","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5327/prmj.347","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410075584","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrated Strategies Toward the Capture and Electrochemical Conversion of Low‐Concentration Carbon Dioxide","abstract":"ABSTRACT Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) has been considered a promising route to reduce net carbon emissions and thus mitigate global warming issues. In practice, it mainly involves two processes including the CO2 capture and subsequent electrochemical conversion. From the perfective of feasible and economic benefits, it is of practical significance to develop integrated CO2 capture and conversion systems in an efficient way. However, a majority of studies have been currently focusing on the independent process, and the development of integrated strategies is still in the initial stage. This review mainly covers the recent progress on the integrated technologies of CO2 capture and electrochemical conversion, including the integration strategies, mechanisms, and corresponding issues. The advantages and disadvantages of those strategies are particularly discussed, aiming to identify the viable routes for future applications. To conclude, the challenges and prospects in terms of the research direction in this field are provided, with the hope of promoting practical CO2 utilization from the fundamental aspects.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Zhenyi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xingqiu"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Xianglong"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Zhen"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Penglun"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/exp.20240006","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/exp.20240006","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411393078","type":"manuscript","title":"Efficient Conditions of Enzyme‐Assisted Extractions and Pressurized Liquids for Recovering Polyphenols with Antioxidant Capacity from Pisco Grape Pomace as a Sustainable Strategy","abstract":"The pisco industry generates significant environmental waste, particularly grape pomace, a rich source of phenolic compounds. Emerging extraction technologies offer promising alternatives for recovering these bioactive components. This study evaluat-ed enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) tech-niques, using response surface methodology to optimize phenolic compound yield and antioxidant capacity. Specifically, a D-optimal design was applied for EAE, and a Box-Behnken design for PLE. The optimal extraction conditions for EAE were 0.75 U of tannase, 40 U of cellulase, 20 °C, and 15 minutes. For PLE, the optimal parameters were 54% ethanol, 113 °C, and three extraction cycles. These conditions yielded 38.49 mg GAE g⁻¹ dw and 50.03 mg GAE g⁻¹ dw of total polyphenols, and antioxidant capacities of 342.47 μmol TE g⁻¹ dw and 371.00 μmol TE g⁻¹ dw, respectively. The extracts ob-tained under optimal conditions were further characterized through chromatographic techniques to determine their phenolic profiles. Seven phenolic compounds were iden-tified: gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, quercetin-3-rutinoside hydrate, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, and kaempferol. PLE extracts exhibited the high-est concentration of these compounds. These findings demonstrate that recovering an-tioxidant-rich phenolic compounds from pisco grape pomace using innovative extrac-tion methods is a viable strategy for obtaining functional ingredients and supporting sustainable industrial practices.","author":[{"family":"Poblete","given":"Jacqueline"},{"family":"Aranda","given":"Mario"},{"family":"Quispefuentes","given":"Issis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.20944/preprints202506.1242.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202506.1242.v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416677629","type":"article-journal","title":"Exploring Sustained Impacts of Double Check Coaching on Teacher and Student Outcomes: Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial","abstract":"Double Check is a coaching and professional development program that aims to improve teachers’ use of culturally responsive student engagement and classroom management strategies, with the overarching goal of reducing the disproportionate use of punitive disciplinary strategies. It incorporates motivational interviewing (MI) and leverages an adapted version of the Classroom Check-Up coaching model. The current study extends prior RCT pre-post findings in 41 middle schools (n = 332 teachers), by examining: 1) sustained impacts after one year of active coaching into a follow-up year with no coaching, 2) if higher coaching implementation (e.g., dosage, quality, coach-teacher alliance) among the teachers in the intervention condition translated to greater outcome gains, and 3) the cost to implement Double Check. Although the intent-to-treat analyses indicated no sustained effects of the original trial through the follow-up year, we observed some effect modification on growth in key teacher outcomes. Coaches’ use of MI-consistent language was positively related to gains in culturally responsive teaching self-efficacy and multicultural efficacy and negatively related to changes in teacher stress at post-test and follow-up. Change talk was related to reductions in teacher stress across post-test and follow-up. However, coach-reported barriers to coaching were inversely related to changes (i.e. reductions) in teachers’ efficacy from pretest to post-test. The total estimated cost implementing Double Check (e.g., teacher and coach time, materials) was $757.33 per teacher in 2023. The discussion considers implications for preparing and supervising effective coaches and the importance of maintaining effective practice.","author":[{"family":"Bradshaw","given":"Catherine"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Pas","given":"Elise"},{"family":"Decoster","given":"Jamie"},{"family":"Kaihoi","given":"Chelsea"},{"family":"Debnam","given":"Katrina"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/10474412.2025.2589750","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10474412.2025.2589750","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411630374","type":"article-journal","title":"Learning in green hydrogen production: Insights from a novel European dataset","abstract":"The cost reduction of electrolysers is critical for scaling up green hydrogen production and achieving decarbonization targets. This study presents a novel and comprehensive dataset of electrolyser projects in Europe. It includes full cost and capacity details for each project and capturing project-specific characteristics such as technology type, location and project type for the period 2005–2030. We apply the learning curve methodology to assess cost reductions across different electrolyser technologies and project sizes. Our findings indicate a significant learning effect for PEM and AEL electrolysers in the last 20 years, with learning rates of 32.1% and 22.9%, respectively. While AEL cost reductions are primarily driven by scaling effects, PEM electrolysers benefit from both technological advancements and economies of scale. Small-scale electrolysers exhibit a stronger learning effect (25%), whereas large-scale projects show no clear cost reductions due to their early stage of deployment. Projections based on our learning rates suggest that reaching Europe’s 2030 target of 40 GW electrolyser capacity would require an estimated total investment of 14 billion EUR. These results align closely with previous studies and such predictions are closed to estimates from other organizations. The dataset is publicly available, allowing for further analysis and periodic updates to track cost trends.","author":[{"family":"Galletti","given":"Alberto"},{"family":"Pasimeni","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Melideo","given":"Daniele"},{"family":"Desideri","given":"Umberto"},{"family":"Alkemade","given":"Floortje"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.06.002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.06.002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415300389","type":"article-journal","title":"Mapping regional disparities in the global shift toward decarbonized power systems","abstract":"Abstract Global efforts to transform power systems are accelerating, yet the localized patterns and trajectories of this transition—crucial for equitable and regionally tailored policy-making—remain insufficiently explored. This study introduces a comprehensive subnational dataset of global power plants, encompassing nine energy types and spanning the years 2015 to 2020. Through spatial statistics, clustering, and cross-regional comparisons, we identify distinct trajectories of power capacity change across energy types and regions. While decarbonization remains a clear global trend, structurally disadvantaged or over-averaged regions are still at risk of being overlooked. To better understand these transition dynamics, we conducted a machine learning–based driver analysis, which highlights the dominant influence of development-related factors such as electricity demand and economic growth. The openly accessible dataset fills a critical gap in global energy data and offers a standardized, robust framework for analyzing regional power infrastructure development. Its design enables fine-grained, dynamic assessments of transition pathways and facilitates interdisciplinary research across energy, climate, and policy domains.","author":[{"family":"Ju","given":"Binbin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhujun"},{"family":"Geng","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Xing","given":"Peixue"},{"family":"Han","given":"Linbo"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Lili"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Wendong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s43979-025-00138-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-025-00138-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415822712","type":"article-journal","title":"The Eco-Friendly Paradigm Shift in Shipping and Shipbuilding: Policy–Technology Linkages as Key Drivers","abstract":"The decarbonization of shipping and shipbuilding is a critical challenge under the Inter-national Maritime Organization’s (IMO) 2030 greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction target and 2050 net-zero strategy, requiring effective coordination between policy and technology. This study investigates how Japan, China, and Korea respond to these regulatory pressures by systematically analyzing their policy–technology linkages. A four-stage design was applied, combining qualitative case studies, policy–technology mapping, theoretical interpretation, and comparative analysis, to trace how national strategies shape eco-friendly transitions. Japan employs an innovation-led, institution-convergent model in which technological demonstrations drive institutional adaptation and diffusion, China follows a policy-designated, execution-oriented model where state-led interventions accelerate commercialization, and Korea adopts a coordination-based, cyclical model balancing public demonstrations, financial support, and international standardization to reduce transition costs. These findings demonstrate that sequencing between policy–technology linkage is context-dependent, shaped by technological maturity, economic feasibility and infrastructure, institutional predictability, and socio-environmental acceptance. The study contributes a cyclic co-evolutionary perspective that moves beyond technological or institutional determinism, reconceptualizes regulation as enabling infra-structure, and identifies implications for global standard-setting and industrial competitiveness. The insights inform practical strategies for major shipbuilding nations to reduce costs while sustaining competitiveness under the IMO’s decarbonization framework.","author":[{"family":"Lee","given":"Haeyeon"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Chang"},{"family":"Lim","given":"Sangseop"},{"family":"Chun","given":"Kang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17219733","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219733","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411001920","type":"article-journal","title":"Oxidative Stress and Its Role in the Emergence and Progression of Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Insights from Proteomic Analysis and Other Methodologies","abstract":"Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) belong to a category of malignant stem-cell and myeloid disorders that deteriorate the function of the hematopoietic system exacerbated by the omnipresent anemia that characterizes myelodysplasia. The pathogenesis of MDS is driven by cytogenetic abnormalities along with the excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and disruptions in inflammatory signaling pathway, particularly through the influence of carbonylated proteins, which are linked to MDS progression. An additional and major contributor to the pathogenesis of MDS is oxidative stress marked by uncontrolled levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have been suggested as potential biomarkers for assessing disease severity and stratifying MDS cases throughout a variety of methods. Excessive and non-accumulative levels of free iron can also lead to iron overload (IOL)-related promotion of a high oxidative state, whether we refer to treatment-related IOL or natural IOL mechanisms. Proteomic analysis has emerged as a powerful tool for profiling protein samples, and, consequently, understanding the molecular changes underlying MDS. In this review, we evaluated studies and their methodologies aiming in investigating distinctive proteomics signatures associated with MDS pathogenesis, focusing on the role of oxidative stress at the protein level.","author":[{"family":"Boura-Theodorou","given":"Anastasia"},{"family":"Psatha","given":"Konstantina"},{"family":"Maniatsi","given":"Stefania"},{"family":"Kourti","given":"Areti"},{"family":"Kaiafa","given":"Georgia"},{"family":"Aivaliotis","given":"Michalis"},{"family":"Makedou","given":"Kali"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/proteomes13020021","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proteomes13020021","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4414116539","type":"article-journal","title":"AI Literacy in Higher Education","abstract":"This paper presents the development, refinement, and validation of the Critical Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale, an instrument designed to measure artificial intelligence literacy across four dimensions: knowledge-related, operational, critical, and ethical. The initial version of the questionnaire, based on a robust theoretical framework and expert consultation, included 40 items and was tested with 57 doctoral students. It demonstrated strong psychometric properties (comparative fit index = 0.946, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.92) but showed limitations such as item redundancy (α = 0.947) and low performance of general items. To address these issues, the questionnaire was refined to a concise 24-item version. The revised instrument was evaluated using a sample of 314 first-year student teachers. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed a four-factor structure, with each dimension demonstrating strong reliability (Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.838 to 0.912) and excellent model fit indices (comparative fit index = 0.960, root mean square error of approximation = 0.0441). The results validate the Critical Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale as a reliable and efficient tool for assessing artificial intelligence literacy in educational settings.","author":[{"family":"Ranieri","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Biagini","given":"Gabriele"},{"family":"Cuomo","given":"Stefano"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.4018/ijdldc.388469","URL":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijdldc.388469","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7127935212","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of Research Progress and Prospects of CO 2 ‐Responsive Polymers and Gels for Profile Control and Plugging","abstract":"ABSTRACT CO 2 ‐responsive polymers, which undergo reversible reactions with CO 2 through specific functional groups, allow for the intelligent switching between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states. This property shows great potential for applications in oil and gas extraction. This review first elucidates the fundamental response mechanisms of CO 2 ‐responsive polymers and recent advances in plugging and profile control technologies for CO 2 flooding. It then systematically summarizes the research progress in profile control and plugging over the past five years, including CO 2 ‐responsive random and graft copolymers. Furthermore, recent advances in polymer gels for profile control and plugging are reviewed, categorized into four types: CO 2 ‐responsive in situ gels, microgels, pre‐crosslinked particle gels, and polymer microspheres. Finally, future research directions are highlighted, emphasizing the development of temperature‐ and salt‐tolerant CO 2 ‐responsive materials, the establishment of standardized performance evaluation protocols, and the advancement of multi‐stimuli responsive systems to facilitate large‐scale application in realistic reservoir environments.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Weikang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ruifang"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Deng","given":"Guilin"},{"family":"Yi","given":"Ming"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/app.70397","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.70397","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414039451","type":"article-journal","title":"Enhanced Carbon Sequestration Performance and Mechanism of Adsorption-Catalytic Bifunctional ZIF-8 Coupled Microalgae","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide To support the development of a low-carbon economy and contribute to the achievement of carbon neutrality, this study synthesized bifunctional zeolitic imidazolate framework-8-based nanozymes (ZNZs) with dual functionality: CO 2 adsorption and carbonic anhydrase (CA)-mimetic catalytic activity. The influence of ZNZs at varying concentrations on the growth rate of microalgae, chlorophyll and carbohydrate content, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and CA activity were explored. Results indicated that after the addition of 5 mg/L ZNZs, the growth rate of microalgae increased by 7%. Furthermore, the maximum chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents reached 4.55 and 43.59 mg/L, respectively, which were 12.6 and 4.2% higher than those in the control group. Additionally, Rubisco and CA activity (intra- and extracellular) increased by up to 21.26, 10, and 8.3%, respectively. These findings demonstrate that ZNZs enhance the photosynthetic efficiency of microalgae and increase microalgae’s affinity for CO 2, highlighting their promise as a strategy for improving carbon capture and sustainable bioenergy production.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"L"},{"family":"Gong","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Miao","given":"Yanming"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhifeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c05739","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c05739","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413217697","type":"article-journal","title":"Effects of Rapid Thermal Exposure from Igneous Intrusions on the Pore Structure, Thermal Maturity, and Nanomechanical Properties of Coal and Shale","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Rising energy demands and concerns about global warming have made coal and shale increasingly important not only as unconventional energy sources but also as potential storage sites for CO 2 sequestration. However, selecting these formations for either energy extraction or carbon storage requires comprehensive geological and petrophysical assessments. This is particularly important because, in some cases, localized thermal metamorphism from igneous intrusions can significantly alter their organic and structural properties, beyond natural thermal gradients, potentially making them unsuitable. Despite this, studies investigating the effects of igneous intrusions on the pore structure, geochemical attributes, and mechanical behavior at the micro- and nanoscale remain limited, especially in the Indian geological context. To address this gap, the present study offers the first integrated comparison of thermally altered and unaltered Indian coals and shales from the Raniganj Basin, with a focus on evaluating their suitability for CO 2 sequestration. A range of analytical techniques was applied, including Rock–Eval pyrolysis, petrography, X-ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 and CO 2 low-pressure gas adsorption, and nanoindentation, to assess the influence of igneous intrusion on the chemical, mineralogical, pore structural, and nanomechanical characteristics of both shale and coal. The results indicate a reduction in the hydrogen index, increased thermal maturity, higher quartz content, finer pore structures, elevated pore volumes and adsorption capacities, and significantly greater Young’s moduli in the heat-altered samples compared to unaltered ones. The increased stiffness observed in the thermally altered samples is attributed to the elevated thermal maturity of organic matter, marked by a higher proportion of aromatic carbon. This transformation, driven by aliphatic chain cracking and hydrocarbon expulsion, leads to the formation of devolatilization vacuoles and the development of finer micropores. Additionally, mineral transformations documented by XRD analysis, particularly the reduction of kaolinite and the enrichment of quartz, contribute to the enhanced mechanical stiffness. These changes result from abrupt, short-duration thermal exposure at high temperatures associated with igneous activity, which contrasts with gradual burial-related maturation processes. Overall, the findings provide new insights into the transformative effects of igneous intrusions on coal and shale properties, extending beyond conventional burial histories. They highlight the implications for hydrocarbon recovery, CO 2 sequestration potential, and geomechanical stability in thermally altered basins and support the need for further targeted studies.","author":[{"family":"Chowdhury","given":"MAZ"},{"family":"Sarkar","given":"Kripamoy"},{"family":"Hazra","given":"Bodhisatwa"},{"family":"Sadeghpour","given":"Farshad"},{"family":"Panda","given":"Mahima"},{"family":"Vishal","given":"Vikram"},{"family":"Ostadhassan","given":"Mehdi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02068","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02068","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7143395106","type":"article-journal","title":"A Steady-State Kinetic Investigation of Enzyme-Assisted Carbon Capture","abstract":"Enzyme-assisted carbon capture is attracting massive interest, and absorbents composed of aqueous carbonate supplemented with carbonic anhydrase have proven particularly promising. Here, we study basic capture mechanisms using a novel approach grounded in comparative enzymology. We determined initial, steady-state capture rates in potassium carbonate under a range of conditions and observed a characteristic saturation behavior at high concentrations of either enzyme or CO2. These results could be rationalized by a modified Michaelis–Menten framework applied to a “reaction zone” near the liquid surface. Capture rates corresponded directly to enzyme reaction rates in the reaction zone as determined by KM and kcat, and this explained the observed saturation behavior. The kinetic data suggested a depth of the reaction zone of about 20 µm. This meant that equilibrium between CO2 and HCO3− was obtained within this shallow film and that enzymes deeper in the liquid had little or no influence on capture rates. This approach also allowed us to rationalize the effect of pH on enzyme-assisted capture rates. Overall, steady-state kinetics can be used in comparative and mechanistic analyses of enzyme-accelerated carbon capture. The approach is theoretically simple, requires limited experimental input, and offers key molecular insights.","author":[{"family":"Escarpizo-Lorenzana","given":"Marta"},{"family":"Badino","given":"Silke"},{"family":"Madsen","given":"Ulrik"},{"family":"Neun","given":"Stefanie"},{"family":"Westh","given":"Peter"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/catal16040294","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16040294","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165357779","type":"article-journal","title":"A Whole Systems Thinking Model Towards Optimal Decarbonization Strategies for China’s Cement Sector","abstract":"China's cement industry accounts for over half of global production and contributes 8% of global CO2 emissions, making its decarbonization critical for achieving climate targets. While carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) are essential deep decarbonization technologies, existing research has not adequately addressed the regional and temporal variations needed for optimal pathway selection across China's diverse provinces. This study develops a comprehensive whole-systems optimization model to design provincial-scale decarbonization pathways for China's cement industry from 2025 to 2060. The model reveals significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity in optimal technology combinations. Before 2050, traditional cement processes integrated with CCS (TCP-CCS) represent the dominant bridging technology for low-carbon transition. However, reaching carbon neutrality by 2060 necessitates an eventual shift toward widespread deployment of novel chemical processes combined with green hydrogen (NCP-H2) as the ultimate decarbonization pathway. Notably, regional natural gas prices significantly affect technology feasibility and deployment timing. The optimized transition pathway reduces unit clinker costs by approximately 58% compared to 2025 levels while successfully meeting the 2060 carbon neutrality target. This research framework provides quantitative decision support for policymakers to design cost-effective, province-specific decarbonization strategies that align with local resource endowments and economic conditions, ultimately advancing deep decarbonization across China's industrial sector.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Yushu"},{"family":"Du","given":"Wenli"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Minglei"},{"family":"Charitopoulos","given":"Vassilis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.69997/sct.173685","URL":"https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.173685","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180833","type":"article-journal","title":"Artificial intelligence for carbon sequestration: A multi-scale review of nature-based and engineered pathways.","abstract":"Global carbon neutrality goals are accelerating the development of carbon sequestration technologies, yet natural and engineered approaches still face major challenges in multi-scale modeling, optimization and mechanistic understanding. This review systematically classifies key pathways-including forest, soil and ocean sinks for nature-based solutions and CCUS, enhanced weathering, mineral carbonation and DAC for engineered solutions-while identifying the complex characteristics of carbon systems such as nonlinearity and multi-source heterogeneity. To address these issues, we propose a structured \"task-data-algorithm\" mapping framework that supports model selection and benchmarking across use cases. Our comparative analysis of RF, SVM, CNN and RNN models reveals specific strengths: for example, CNNs show high performance in remote-sensing-based carbon mapping, while RFs offer stability in SOC prediction tasks. We further synthesize the modeling differences between nature-based and engineered systems, showing how AI facilitates high-resolution prediction, feedback integration and system optimization. The proposed framework not only bridges algorithm selection with carbon application domains but also provides a strategic reference for improving model generalization and interpretability. This study contributes a systematic foundation for the development of intelligent, AI-enabled carbon sequestration systems and supports future policy and deployment of low-carbon strategies.","author":[{"family":"Ma","given":"Jianhua"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yongzhang"},{"family":"He","given":"Luhao"},{"family":"Kenjiebo","given":"Palate"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Yijun"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180833","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180833","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1660709","type":"article-journal","title":"Innate immune-inflammatory signaling milieu in myeloid leukemia and aging-associated clonal hematopoiesis pathologies.","abstract":"Age-related accumulation of somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), causing clonal hematopoiesis (CH), often precedes the development of hematologic malignancies. Chronic inflammation and aberrant cytokine expression that are common in aging, contribute to clonal expansion and genomic instability. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an (epi)genetically and physiologically diverse malignancy, characterized by clonal proliferation and incomplete differentiation of HSPCs. The innate immune system, with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), plays a pivotal role in maintaining hematopoietic homeostasis. Dysregulated signaling through PRRs disrupts hematopoiesis, fostering malignant cell proliferation. In addition, cytokines and interferons exert multifaceted effects on HSPCs, impacting their proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Therapeutic approaches targeting innate immune pathways, offer promising avenues for treating hematologic malignancies. Understanding the intricate crosstalk between innate immunity and hematopoiesis would provide insights into novel therapeutic strategies for combating hematologic malignancies, offering hope for improved patient outcomes and survival. In this review, we discuss about the malfunctioning innate immune-inflammatory axes in the context of abnormal hematopoiesis and the therapeutic approaches that are utilizing/targeting these pathways with efficacy. This review delves into the derangements of innate immune and inflammatory pathways implicated in the development of AML and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), shedding light on the therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.","author":[{"family":"Bhowmik","given":"Satyaki"},{"family":"Bose","given":"Anwesha"},{"family":"Sengupta","given":"Amitava"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fimmu.2025.1660709","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1660709","source":"europepmc"},{"id":"oa:W4408060896","type":"article-journal","title":"Accounting for carbon capture solvent cost and energy demand in the energy system","abstract":"Abstract Technical carbon dioxide removal through bioenergy with carbon capture or direct air capture (DAC) plays a role in virtually all climate mitigation scenarios. Both of these technologies rely on the use of chemical solvents or sorbents in order to capture CO2. Lately, concerns have surfaced about the cost and energy implications of producing solvents and sorbents at scale. Here, we show that the production of chemical sorbents could have significant implications on system cost, energy use and material use depending on how much they are consumed. Among the three chemical sorbents investigated, namely monoethanolamine (MEA) for post-combustion carbon capture, potassium hydroxide (KOH) for liquid DAC and polyethylenimine-silica (PEI) for solid sorbent DAC, we found that solid sorbent production for DAC represents the highest uncertainties for the system. At the high range of solid sorbent consumption, total energy system cost increased by up to 6.5%, while effects for other options were small to negligible. Scale-up of material production capacities was also substantial for MEA and PEI. While PEI has the advantage of requiring a lower sorbent regeneration temperature than KOH, the potential production cost may outweigh these benefits. There is thus a trade-off between the advantages and the additional cost uncertainty regarding sorbents. Implications of sorbent consumption for carbon capture technologies should be considered more thoroughly in scenarios relying on solid sorbent DAC.","author":[{"family":"Chanal","given":"Vincent"},{"family":"Humpage","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Millinger","given":"Markus"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1748-9326/adbb81","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adbb81","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412800361","type":"article-journal","title":"Environmental impacts of supercritical fluids processes: A critical review of life cycle assessment studies","abstract":"The application of supercritical fluids (SCF) in industrial and research processes has gained attention in recent years for their unique properties and potential environmental benefits. Frequently described as “ green solvents ”, SCF can reduce of replace the use of conventional organic solvents. However, broader adoption requires a clear understanding of their full life cycle environmental impacts. Life cycle assessment (LCA) has been widely used to evaluate the environmental performance of SCF technologies. This study critically reviews 70 LCA studies of SCF processes across various applications through the four phases of LCA: goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment, and interpretation to identify methodological gaps and trends in energy use, solvent consumption, and environmental impacts. Despite variability in modelling approaches, process-level trends emerge: for gasification, global warming results range from −0.2 to 5 kg CO 2 eq.kg input −1 ; for extraction from 0.2 to 153 kg CO 2 eq.kg input −1 depending on feed and scale. Contribution analyses highlight that energy is the main hotspot, especially in supercritical water gasification and transesterification, even though yielding higher-quality output and lower solvent consumption. Benchmarking results are mixed: 27 studies reporting lower environmental impacts for SCF processes, while 18 studies report higher impacts, especially in extraction applications. Sensitivity analyses highlight the influence of electricity mix, feed concentration, and solvent recycling on LCA outcomes. This review provides targeted recommendations to enhance consistency and accuracy in future LCA studies. By synthesizing current findings, it supports the development of more sustainable SCF technologies from early stage to support their broader adoption.","author":[{"family":"Gaalich","given":"Insaf"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Daye"},{"family":"Aymonier","given":"Cyril"},{"family":"Sonnemann","given":"Guido"},{"family":"Olchowka","given":"Jacob"},{"family":"Philippot","given":"Gilles"},{"family":"Loubet","given":"Philippe"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108106","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108106","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416921378","type":"article-journal","title":"Over-night monitoring in intensive care unit and short-term monitoring in post anesthesia care unit costs analysis after elective hepato-pancreatic–biliary surgery: a retrospective study","abstract":"The post anesthesia care unit (PACU) was introduced to optimize intensive care unit (ICU) bed availability for patients requiring specialized perioperative care, providing comprehensive monitoring during the recovery phase in high-risk surgical patients. However, though several advantages of PACUs have been clearly demonstrated, no previous studies have investigated the overall costs. This retrospective study aimed at comparing the costs of postoperative monitoring in PACU and ICU after elective hepato-pancreatic-biliary (HPB) surgery at our hospital. A retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2022 and December 2024. The investigations periods were divided according to the institution of PACU at our institution: before (January 1, 2022-May 31, 2023) and after (June 1, 2023-December 31, 2024). Three groups were identified: ICU 1 and 2, including all pt admitted to ICU before and after the institution of PACU, respectively, and PACU, including all pt admitted to PACU. The primary outcome was the cost of monitoring/pt. Secondary outcome was the overall hospital length of stay (LOS). 171 consecutive pt undergoing HPB surgery were included and divided into 49 pt belonging to ICU 1 group, 60 to ICU 2 and 62 to PACU. Multivariable analysis of monitoring cost revealed the following independent predictors: postoperative surveillance in PACU (P < 0.0001), duration of monitoring (P < 0.0001), male gender (P = 0.028) and severity of complications (P = 0.001), the latter resulting the only significant risk factor for prolonged LOS (P < 0.0001). PACU has emerged as a safe and efficient alternative to ICU in the postoperative surveillance of HPB surgical patients, with associated significant cost savings. Further research is required to identify specific criteria addressing the individual needs for postoperative admission to ICU or PACU.","author":[{"family":"Vincenzi","given":"Paolo"},{"family":"Mocchegiani","given":"Federico"},{"family":"Cacciaguerra","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Gaudenzi","given":"Diletta"},{"family":"Nicolini","given":"Daniele"},{"family":"Cerchiara","given":"Paolo"},{"family":"Bartolini","given":"Federica"},{"family":"Moroni","given":"Nadia"},{"family":"Cerutti","given":"Elisabetta"},{"family":"Vivarelli","given":"Marco"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s13304-025-02405-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13304-025-02405-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415981780","type":"article-journal","title":"A critical review on high temperature performance of sustainable cementitious materials","abstract":"Sustainable concrete materials have gained significant attention due to their potential to reduce CO 2 emissions in the construction industry. However, these materials often exhibit distinct physical and chemical properties compared to traditional concrete, potentially affecting their performance at elevated temperatures. This review critically examines the high-temperature behavior of promising sustainable concrete materials, including supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) blended OPC systems, ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), alkali-activated concrete (AAC), limestone calcined clay cement (LC 3 ), and CO 2 -cured concrete, by analyzing their spalling behavior, mechanical properties, and microstructural changes. SCM-blended systems show varying performance based on material type, with fly ash generally enhancing thermal stability, slag improving strength retention, and silica fume potentially increasing spalling susceptibility. UHPC demonstrates superior mechanical properties but increased spalling risk, which can be mitigated through fiber addition. RAC performance varies depending on recycled aggregate characteristics, with some studies reporting comparable or enhanced high-temperature behavior relative to traditional concrete. AAC generally exhibits good fire resistance, influenced by precursor materials and activator type. LC 3 concrete shows similar strength retention to ordinary Portland cement concrete at moderate temperatures. CO 2 -cured concrete performs well up to 600 °C but experiences rapid degradation at higher temperatures due to calcium carbonate decomposition. This review elucidates the mechanisms influencing sustainable concrete performance at elevated temperatures and identifies critical research directions to enhance their fire resistance for broader adoption in construction applications.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhengyu"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Dian"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Dian"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Jitai"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Kang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s44296-025-00081-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44296-025-00081-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409245343","type":"article-journal","title":"Tandem Cu/ZnO/ZrO 2 -SAPO-34 System for Dimethyl Ether Synthesis from CO 2 and H 2 : Catalyst Optimization, Techno-Economic, and Carbon-Footprint Analyses","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide To alleviate detrimental effects associated with anthropogenic emissions, the use of CO 2 and H 2 as feedstocks for their conversion to dimethyl ether (DME) with tandem catalysts is an attractive and sustainable route. First, we investigated the catalytic activity of bifunctional admixtures of Cu-ZnO-ZrO 2 (CZZ) and a silicoaluminophosphate, SAPO-34, for CO 2 hydrogenation to DME and optimized their reactivity with an emphasis on identifying optimum synthesis conditions for CZZ including Cu:Zn:Zr molar ratio and aging and calcination temperatures. The highest methanol (MeOH) productivity (10.8 mol kg cat –1 h –1 ) was observed for CZZ-611 aged at 40 °C and calcined at 500 °C. When coupled with SAPO-34, CZZ/SAPO-34 reached 20% CO 2 conversion and 56% DME selectivity at optimized conditions (260 °C, 500 psig, and 2000 mL g CZZ –1 h –1 ) and was stable for 50 h time-on-stream, with a slight reduction in activity. Next, we performed kinetic modeling to translate lab-scale findings to industrial packed-bed reactors followed by a techno-economic analysis (TEA) with cradle-to-gate environmental footprint evaluation to evaluate its industrial applicability. A TEA of a 20,000 tpy DME plant revealed raw material costs as the main operating cost drivers (H 2 cost comprises 47% of total cost). Considering green H 2 ($4/kg H 2 ) and captured CO 2 as feed, the minimum DME selling price (MDSP) was $3.21/kg, ∼2.7× higher than the market price ($1.2/kg). MDSP drops to $1.99/kg with gray H 2 ($1/kg H 2 ) and fluctuates ±$0.14 with changes in CAPEX (±30%) and other economic factors. The plant’s carbon footprint was mainly affected by the H 2 source. Green and gray H 2 resulted in emissions of 0.21 and 4.4 kg CO 2 eq/kg DME, respectively. Importantly, a negative carbon footprint can be achieved by using green H 2 and CO 2 captured directly from air. Overall, our work shows tandem catalysis as a promising approach toward sustainable DME production and identifies the pathway toward making it cost-competitive with fossil fuels.","author":[{"family":"Mangalindan","given":"Jasan"},{"family":"Mahnaz","given":"Fatima"},{"family":"Vito","given":"Jenna"},{"family":"Suphavilai","given":"Navaporn"},{"family":"Shetty","given":"Manish"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00008","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00008","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7135174600","type":"article-journal","title":"An Integrated Assessment of Carbon-Neutral Transition Pathways for the Chinese Power Sector: Feasibility and Implications in a Coal-Dominant and Renewable-Rich Context","abstract":"China’s power sector is undergoing a complicated transformation characterized by intricate dependence on the dominant coal infrastructure and abundant renewable energy resources. This study assesses China’s carbon-neutral transition pathways for the period of 2024–2060 by using the “Establish Before Breaking” principle within a policy-informed, high-resolution energy system modeling framework. To examine the technological, economic, and environmental trade-offs of various carbon-neutral strategies, four scenarios (Reference (REF), Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), Renewable-Based (REB), and Integrated (ING)) were developed, and their impacts were assessed through the application of the Low Emission Analysis Platform and the Next Energy Modeling (LEAP–NEMO) model. The results reveal that the ING scenario represents the most feasible and policy-consistent pathway, achieving an 88% renewable electricity share and a total installed capacity of approximately 8000 gigawatts (GW) by 2060. This pathway relies on a dual-track strategy that combines accelerated renewable deployment—supported by geographical complementarity and multi-regional Power-to-X (PtX) systems—with the strategic stabilization of conventional generation assets. The findings further demonstrate that retaining a small but critical share of flexible coal-CCS (0.2–0.5%) and nuclear capacity is necessary to address sub-daily variability, mitigate duck-curve effects, and ensure power system reliability under high renewable penetration. This integrated approach offers a systematic pathway for deep decarbonization within China’s unique energy context, ensuring a just, equitable, and sustainable transition.","author":[{"family":"Luo","given":"Jianhui"},{"family":"Huo","given":"Lanyu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Cheng"},{"family":"Wattana","given":"Buncha"},{"family":"Ukumphan","given":"Supakorn"},{"family":"Wattana","given":"Supannika"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19061457","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19061457","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413908226","type":"article-journal","title":"Global Plastic Industry Transition Addressing Key Drivers of the Triple Planetary Crisis","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The sustainable transition of the plastic industry─shifting from its fossil reliance and linear produce–use–dispose model─is imperative to minimize its contribution to the triple planetary crisis of climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution. While previous studies assessed transition strategies in isolation, focused mainly on climate impacts, and neglected regional differences, our integrated model assesses transition strategies, globally and regionally, addressing the potential co-benefits and trade-offs across several key drivers of the triple planetary crisis. We note that other important impacts, such as microplastic leakage, remain to be quantified. Achieving a net-zero plastic industry by 2050 (1 Gt annual production) is technically feasible through lignocellulose residue-based feedstocks, recycling, and carbon capture. Meanwhile, this would require consuming all available global lignocellulose residues (2.3 Gt), early retirement of fossil infrastructure to avoid at least 0.35 Gt CO 2 -eq emissions, and ensuring grid decarbonization, presenting great challenges. Without internationally coordinated relocation of plastic production facilities or trade of biomass feedstocks or the derived intermediate chemicals, global net zero becomes unattainable. The global climate benefits through the transition come with trade-offs in higher land-use-related biodiversity loss and particulate matter-related health impacts, especially in regions with vulnerable ecosystems and dense populations, necessitating tailored regional solutions. Reducing primary plastics production could ease the transition, but unsustainable material substitutes need to be avoided.","author":[{"family":"Huo","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhanyun"},{"family":"Oberschelp","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Hellweg","given":"Stefanie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.est.5c08703","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c08703","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412456672","type":"article-journal","title":"Developing a Competency-Based Transition Education Framework for Marine Superintendents: A DACUM-Integrated Approach in the Context of Eco-Digital Maritime Transformation","abstract":"Amid structural changes driven by the greening and digital transformation of the maritime industry, the demand for career transitions of seafarers with onboard experience to shore-based positions—particularly ship superintendents—is steadily increasing. However, the current lack of a systematic education and career development framework to support such transitions poses a critical challenge for shipping companies seeking to secure sustainable human resources. The aim of this study was to develop a competency-based training program that facilitates the effective transition of seafarers to shore-based ship superintendent roles. We integrated a developing a curriculum (DACUM) analysis with competency-based job analysis to achieve this aim. The core competencies required for ship superintendent duties were identified through three expert consultations. In addition, social network analysis (SNA) was used to quantitatively assess the structure and priority of the training content. The analysis revealed that convergent competencies, such as digital technology literacy, responsiveness to environmental regulations, multicultural organizational management, and interpretation of global maritime regulations, are essential for a successful career shift. Based on these findings, a modular training curriculum comprising both common foundational courses and specialized advanced modules tailored to job categories was designed. The proposed curriculum integrated theoretical instruction, practical training, and reflective learning to enhance both applied understanding and onsite implementation capabilities. Furthermore, the concept of a Seafarer Success Support Platform was proposed to support a lifecycle-based career development pathway that enables rotational mobility between sea and shore positions. This digital learning platform was designed to offer personalized success pathways aligned with the career stages and competency needs of maritime personnel. Its cyclical structure, comprising career transition, competency development, field application, and performance evaluation, enables seamless career integration between shipboard- and shore-based roles. Therefore, the platform has the potential to evolve into a practical educational model that integrates training, career development, and policies. This study contributes to maritime human resource development by integrating the DACUM method with a competency-based framework and applying social network analysis (SNA) to quantitatively prioritize training content. It further proposes the Seafarer Success Support Platform as an innovative model to support structured career transitions from shipboard roles to shore-based supervisory positions.","author":[{"family":"Yu","given":"Yung"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Chang"},{"family":"Ahn","given":"Young"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17146455","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146455","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410595095","type":"article-journal","title":"Catalyst-Controlled Divergent Synthesis of Bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes and Cyclobutenes: The Unique Effect of Au(I)","abstract":"Catalyst-controlled chemodivergent synthesis is a powerful strategy for exploring the chemical space. We report a Cu-(I)/Au-(I)-catalyzed chemodivergent reaction of bicyclo[1.1.0]-butane amides with azadienes, enabling access to two valuable product classes: bicyclo[2.1.1]-hexanes and cyclobutenes. Cu-(I) catalysis promotes a highly efficient formal cycloaddition to furnish bicyclo[2.1.1]-hexanes, whereas Au-(I) uniquely facilitates an addition-elimination pathway, selectively yielding cyclobutenes. Both transformations exhibit excellent chemoselectivity, high efficiency, and a broad substrate scope. The multifunctionalized products are readily scalable to gram quantities and undergo diverse downstream modifications including spirocyclization. DFT calculations provide mechanistic insight into divergent reactivity. Cu-(I) favors a linear two-coordinate geometry in the transition state, accelerating the intramolecular cyclization. In contrast, Au-(I) stabilizes key intermediates via a four-coordinate geometry, enabling intramolecular proton transfer and reversing the inherent chemoselectivity. This work highlights Au-(I)'s unique property as a useful tool for controlling reaction pathways and expanding chemical space through molecular diversification.","author":[{"family":"Lu","given":"Run"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Cheng"},{"family":"Zhan","given":"Gu"},{"family":"Han","given":"Bo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/jacsau.5c00341","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jacsau.5c00341","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413091937","type":"article-journal","title":"Which are the main determinants of energy poverty? A systematic review of the literature","abstract":"Abstract Mitigation of energy poverty (EP) is a relevant policy goal nowadays for governments worldwide. The determinants of household EP should be identified and analysed in order to design targeted policies for specific groups which mitigate EP effectively and efficiently. The aim of this paper is to identify the most relevant determinants of EP as well as research gaps in the academic literature on those determinants. For this purpose, a systematic review of the literature has been performed. We consider the positive or negative relationship of a specific factor with energy poverty, and also account for the degree of evidence, agreement and statistical significance of a given factor. The results show that many determinants have been considered in the literature, but most articles include a limited number of them. A negative relationship between energy poverty and household income as well as educational level of the household head is found. On the other hand, energy poverty is significantly and positively related to the age of the household head, the size of the household, the age of the dwelling and the employment status of the household members. Furthermore, households who live in a rented house, in a detached dwelling and in dwellings located in rural areas are more likely to be energy poor, when compared to those living in an owned house, flats or urban areas, respectively.","author":[{"family":"Rıo","given":"Pablo"},{"family":"Burguillo","given":"Mercedes"},{"family":"Kiefer","given":"Christoph"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s12053-025-10345-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-025-10345-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417427735","type":"article-journal","title":"Telemedicine in adult intensive care: A systematic review of patient-relevant outcomes and methodological considerations","abstract":"Given the growing challenges of healthcare, including an aging population and increasing shortages of specialized intensive care staff, this systematic review investigates the efficacy of telemedicine in intensive care compared to standard of care (SoC) or any other type or mode of telemedicine on patient-relevant outcomes for adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. This systematic review follows Cochrane's methodological standards. Comprehensive searches for any controlled clinical studies were conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, and CENTRAL (up to 18 April 2024, and an updated search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to 29 September 2025). Twenty-six studies comparing telemedicine in intensive care to SoC with approximately 2,164,508 analysed patients were identified, including data from one cluster RCT (cRCT), two stepped-wedge cluster RCTs (sw-cRCTs), and 23 non-randomized studies of interventions (NRSIs). No other comparisons were identified. Due to high clinical and methodological heterogeneity among studies, no meta-analysis was conducted. For ICU mortality, one cRCT (15,230 patients) and two sw-cRCTs (5,915 patients) showed heterogeneous results: two found no evidence for a difference, while one favoured SoC (very low-certainty). One sw-cRCT (1,462 patients) reporting overall mortality at 180 days suggested no evidence for a difference between groups (very low-certainty). Data from one cRCT (15,230 patients) and one sw-cRCT (1,462 patients) on ICU length of stay (LOS) showed no evidence for a difference between groups (moderate- and very low-certainty). Quality of life from one sw-cRCT (786 patients) indicated no evidence for a difference (very low-certainty). Six NRSIs reported adjusted data on ICU mortality, two on overall mortality, and three on ICU LOS, with heterogeneous results. High risk of bias and substantial heterogeneity limited the certainty, emphasizing the need for robust, patient-centered research in clinical studies to define telemedicine's role in intensive care and optimize its implementation. Future studies should particularly ensure transparent and comprehensive reporting.","author":[{"family":"Pscheidl","given":"Tamara"},{"family":"Benstoem","given":"Carina"},{"family":"Ansems","given":"Kelly"},{"family":"Saal-Bauernschubert","given":"Lena"},{"family":"Ritter","given":"Anne"},{"family":"Zorger","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Dahms","given":"Karolina"},{"family":"Dohmen","given":"Sandra"},{"family":"Steinfeld","given":"Eva"},{"family":"Dormann","given":"Julia"},{"family":"Iannizzi","given":"Claire"},{"family":"Skoetz","given":"Nicole"},{"family":"Janka","given":"Heidrun"},{"family":"Metzendorf","given":"Maria‐inti"},{"family":"Nau","given":"Carla"},{"family":"Stegemann","given":"Miriam"},{"family":"Meybohm","given":"Patrick"},{"family":"Dincklage","given":"Falk"},{"family":"Laudi","given":"Sven"},{"family":"Fichtner","given":"Falk"},{"family":"Weibel","given":"Stephanie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pdig.0001126","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0001126","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407765220","type":"article-journal","title":"Methodological Selection of Demixing Liquid–Liquid Solvents Used in the Absorption–Regeneration Carbon Capture Process","abstract":"Since the 19th century, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has never been so high due to anthropogenic emissions. This increase in the greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere has been identified as the main cause of global warming. The absorption–regeneration postcombustion carbon capture technology has the highest Technology Readiness Level (TRL) to limit the CO 2 emissions. Nevertheless, the type of process is a high consumer of thermal energy to regenerate the liquid solvent used to absorb carbon dioxide. A solution to reduce this high energy demand is the use of liquid–liquid biphasic (or demixing) solvents that have the capacity to split into two phases under certain conditions of temperature and CO 2 loading. The present work aims to classify the aqueous liquid–liquid biphasic solvents after a literature review of the existing solvents to determine the most promising ones for further investigations. This methodology is composed of two successive steps. The first step is based on six technoeconomic indicators: the regeneration energy, the CO 2 absorption capacity, the CO 2 absorption rate, the volume ratio between the two phases, the volatility of organic compounds, and the solvent cost. The contribution of each key indicator is weighted using the analytical hierarchy process method. The result of this first step is the ranking of the 30 solvents identified in the literature. The second step is a Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) analysis. It excludes 17 solvents containing at least one molecule that presents a serious hazard for human life or the environment. After the application of this methodological evaluation, the final results show that the three most promising aqueous biphasic solvents are, respectively, composed of triethylenetetramine (30 wt %) and propan-1-ol (50 wt %), N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (35 wt %) and triethylenetetramine (15 wt %), and diethylethanolamine (64 wt %) and methylaminopropylamine (19 wt %).","author":[{"family":"Verdonck","given":"Damien"},{"family":"Dubois","given":"Lionel"},{"family":"Weireld","given":"Guy"},{"family":"Thomas","given":"Diane"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04342","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04342","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410360179","type":"article-journal","title":"Electronic Health Records: A Gateway to AI-Driven Multimorbidity Solutions—A Comprehensive Systematic Review","abstract":"Background/Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) plays an important role in real-world health research. It can address the complexities of chronic diseases and their associated negative outcomes. This systematic review aims to identify the applications of AI that utilize real-world health data for populations with multiple chronic conditions. Methods: A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they applied AI methods using data from electronic health records for patients with multimorbidity. Results: Forty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. The review revealed AI applications identifying disease clusters, predicting comorbidities, and estimating health outcomes such as mortality, adverse drug reactions, and hospital readmissions. Commonly used AI techniques included clustering methods, XGBoost, random forest, and neural networks. These methods helped identify risk factors, predict disease progression, and optimize treatment plans. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the increasing role of AI in understanding and managing multimorbidity. Integrating AI into healthcare systems can enhance resource allocation, improve care delivery efficiency, and support personalized treatment strategies. However, further research is needed to overcome existing limitations, particularly the lack of standardized performance metrics, which affects model comparability. Future research should adhere to commonly recommended evaluation practices to improve reproducibility and meta-analysis.","author":[{"family":"Ioakeimskoufa","given":"Ignatios"},{"family":"Cebollada-Herrera","given":"Celeste"},{"family":"Marín-Bárcena","given":"Concepción"},{"family":"Roque","given":"Vítor"},{"family":"Roque","given":"Fátima"},{"family":"Atkins","given":"Kerry"},{"family":"Rodríguez","given":"Miguel"},{"family":"Azapascualsalcedo","given":"Mercedes"},{"family":"Fanlo-Villacampa","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Coêlho","given":"Helena"},{"family":"Lasala-Aza","given":"Carmen"},{"family":"Ledesma-Calvo","given":"Rubén"},{"family":"Gimenomiguel","given":"Antonio"},{"family":"Romero","given":"Jorge"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/jcm14103434","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14103434","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408334607","type":"article-journal","title":"Laboratory Sand Tank Modeling of the Brumbys Fault CO 2 Controlled Release Field Experiment","abstract":"Abstract Faults present potential leakage risks for geological CO 2 storage. To de‐risk a field test injecting CO 2 into a shallow fault, laboratory sand tank fluid flow experiments were conducted prior to field injection. The vertical 2.5D sand tank analog models were constructed with different grain sizes of glass beads to represent the permeability contrast between formation layers. A variety of analog fluids were also used to represent both the injection of gaseous and supercritical CO 2 . Experimental results have validated the simulation results in terms of fluid migration pathways. In addition, results with different analog fluids show that CO 2 migration along faults is likely to have similar overall flow paths both near the surface and at depth, but different plume sizes and saturation. Finally, based on an inspectional scaling analysis, we were able to estimate field‐scale CO 2 plume migration time, which has been validated by real field observations for the first time.","author":[{"family":"Ni","given":"Hailun"},{"family":"Feitz","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Tenthorey","given":"Eric"},{"family":"Nourollah","given":"Hadi"},{"family":"Romanak","given":"Katherine"},{"family":"Patterson","given":"CC"},{"family":"Hovorka","given":"Susan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2024gl113918","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl113918","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407103849","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Advances in Achieving High Energy/Power Density of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries for Current and Near‐Future Applications","abstract":"ABSTRACT Although lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are promising next‐generation secondary batteries, their mass commercialization has not yet been achieved primarily owing to critical issues such as the “shuttle effect” of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and uncontrollable Li dendrite growth. Thus, most reviews on LSBs are focused on strategies for inhibiting shuttle behavior and achieving dendrite‐free LSBs to improve the cycle life and Coulombic efficiency of LSBs. However, LSBs have various promising advantages, including an ultrahigh energy density (2600 Wh kg −1 ), cost‐effectiveness, environmental friendliness, low weight, and flexible attributes, which suggest the feasibility of their current and near‐future practical applications in fields that require these characteristics, irrespective of their moderate lifespan. Here, for the first time, challenges impeding the current and near‐future applications of LSBs are comprehensively addressed. In particular, the latest progress and novel materials based on their electrochemical characteristics are summarized, with a focus on the gravimetric/volumetric energy density (capacity), loading mass and sulfur content in cathodes, electrolyte‐to‐sulfur ratios, rate capability, and maximization of these advantageous characteristics for applications in specific areas. Additionally, potential areas for practical applications of LSBs are suggested, with insights for improving LSB performances from a different standpoint and facilitating their integration into various application domains.","author":[{"family":"Heo","given":"Junyoung"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Hawon"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Changhee"},{"family":"Sung","given":"Junghwan"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Han","given":"Jiye"},{"family":"Oh","given":"Yoo"},{"family":"Ahn","given":"Seongki"},{"family":"Jeon","given":"Il"},{"family":"Park","given":"Junwoo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/bte2.20240051","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.20240051","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7119517442","type":"article-journal","title":"Unlocking decarbonisation in hard-to-abate sectors: A quantile-based comparative techno-economic analysis of e-fuel pathways","abstract":"Power-to-X (P2X) including electrolytic hydrogen and e-fuels is a promising solution to decarbonise hard-to-abate sectors, such as long-distance transportation and chemical feedstocks, while it remains unclear whether these pathways are techno-economically feasible in current markets. This work conducts a comparative techno-economic analysis of four P2X pathways (hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, and methane), based on generic techno-economic quantile models, including three quantiles ( Q 1 -25 %: Optimistic, Q 2 -50 %: Average, and Q 3 -75 %: Pessimistic) of parameters such as conversion efficiency, unit capital cost, and lifetime, as well as co-optimisation framework that optimises installed capacities and hourly flexible operation strategies, aiming to achieve the lowest levelised cost of x -fuel (LCOX). The profitability of each pathway is analysed using a profitability index (PI), defined as the ratio of market prices in trading locations to the sum of LCOX and transportation costs. A case study in Ordos, China shows that, in 2024, the mass-based and energy-based LCOXs of hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, and methane across all scenarios are 2.2–7.1, 0.5–1.8, 0.65–2.1, and 1.8–5.5 EUR/kg (67–212, 103–344, 117–375, and 130–399 EUR/MWh), respectively, with the LCOXs decreasing by 44 %–67 % from Q 3 -Pessimistic to Q 1 -Optimistic. In Q 1 -Optimistic and Q 2 -Average scenarios, the hydrogen pathway is profitable in all considered locations owing to emerging hydrogen markets in China, with PIs of 1.44–1.73 and 1.05–1.25, respectively. However, none of the ammonia, methanol, or methane pathway is profitable, as their current fossil-based market prices are significantly lower than the LCOXs derived from electrolytic hydrogen feedstock.","author":[{"family":"He","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Song","given":"Jian"},{"family":"Brynolf","given":"Selma"},{"family":"Grahn","given":"Maria"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121035","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121035","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410043361","type":"article-journal","title":"A bibliometric analysis of key drivers, trends, and research collaboration on environmental degradation","abstract":"This bibliometric analysis explores 1365 research papers on environmental degradation, uncovering key trends and patterns that reflect the growing global focus on sustainability. With an annual publication growth rate exceeding 80%, research in this field has accelerated, particularly around themes like economic growth, renewable energy, and the Environmental Kuznets Curve. We used VOSviewer software and found that economic growth is the most studied area and has a high occurrence in journals like Environmental Science and Pollution Research (ESPR) and Sustainability. Findings reveal how energy consumption, globalization, and urbanization drive carbon emissions, with China, Pakistan, and Turkey leading in research output. Economic growth remains the most frequently studied factor. Through network and co-citation analysis, the study highlights the most influential authors, journals, and keywords, providing a strategic roadmap for future research. This analysis underscores the collaborative global effort shaping environmental policy and economic development, making it an essential resource for scholars and policymakers alike. It helps us to answer relevant questions such as: Will the government increase the allocated budget to the research and development department? Will the government make the regulations strict to reduce the inflow of dirty investments? How can we reduce carbon emissions by utilizing natural resources optimally? Such questions are expected to fuel the future course and direction of environmental research.","author":[{"family":"Sachan","given":"Anshita"},{"family":"Pradhan","given":"Ashis"},{"family":"Mohindra","given":"Vinita"},{"family":"Menegaki","given":"Angeliki"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s43621-025-01033-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01033-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409408599","type":"article-journal","title":"Challenges and Strategies for the Sustainable Environmental Management of Phosphogypsum","abstract":"Phosphogypsum, a byproduct of phosphate fertilizer production, poses significant environmental challenges due to its large volume, hazardous composition, and radioactivity. Conventional disposal methods, such as stockpiling and landfilling, contribute to soil and water contamination and present risks to human health. This article explores the potential of integrating phosphogypsum into a circular economy framework, focusing on reducing environmental impacts and extracting value from this industrial waste. A detailed assessment of phosphogypsum’s chemical composition, including trace metals and radionuclides, is essential for effective management. This review paper examines safe handling, storage, and disposal strategies to minimize environmental risks. Additionally, innovative reuse applications are investigated, such as incorporating phosphogypsum into construction materials like cement, plasterboard, and concrete and its use in agriculture as a soil amendment or for land reclamation. The recovery of critical elements, particularly rare earth elements (REEs), highlights its potential to reduce waste and contribute to meeting the growing demand for strategic resources. Despite its promise, challenges remain, including chemical variability and the presence of radioactive components. This article identifies the technological and regulatory steps required to enable safe, large-scale reuse of phosphogypsum, emphasizing its role in advancing sustainable resource management within a circular economy.","author":[{"family":"Maina","given":"Linda"},{"family":"Kiegiel","given":"Katarzyna"},{"family":"Zakrzewska-Kołtuniewicz","given":"Grażyna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17083473","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083473","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413927221","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-Carbon and Recycled Mineral Composite Materials for Sustainable Infrastructure: A Comprehensive Review","abstract":"Infrastructure construction is a major contributor to carbon emissions, primarily due to the extensive use of mineral materials such as cement and aggregates, which release significant amounts of carbon dioxide during production and use. While existing research has predominantly centered on the applications of concrete, the present study extends the investigation to encompass inorganic–organic composites, alloy materials, and wastewater treatment systems, with particular attention to bridging the gap between theoretical potential and practical implementation. This study identifies China, the USA, and India as leaders in this field, attributing their progress to abundant material resources and sustained policy support. Key findings reveal that while geopolymers can fully replace cement, substitution rates of less than 50% are optimal for high-performance concrete to maintain structural integrity and decarbonization benefits. Aggregate replacements using materials such as air-cooled blast furnace slag show 50–100% feasibility. This review further highlights the multifunctional potential of red mud, rice husk ash, fly ash, and blast furnace slag as cement replacements, aggregates, reinforcers, catalysts, adsorbents, and composite fillers. However, challenges such as unstable raw material supply, lack of standardization, and insufficient international collaboration persist; these issues have often been overlooked in prior research and viable solutions have not been proposed. To address these barriers, a triple-objective framework is introduced in this study, integrating sustainable infrastructure, resource recycling, and environmental remediation, supported by optimized production processes and policy models from leading nations. Future research directions emphasize comprehensive life cycle assessments and enhanced global cooperation to bridge the divide between resource-rich and resource-scarce regions. By synthesizing cross-disciplinary applications and actionable solutions, this work advances the transition toward sustainable infrastructure systems.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Rong"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yihe"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Guoxing"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Hongqian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17177908","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177908","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413797338","type":"article-journal","title":"Environmental Consciousness and Willingness to Pay for Carbon Emissions Reductions: Empirical Evidence from Qatar","abstract":"The individual’s willingness to pay (WTP) for environmental reduction programs is one way of gauging society’s environmental consciousness. We explore the determinants of an individual’s WTP for a product produced from carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technology in Qatar. A representative questionnaire sample was administered to 1012 respondents in Qatar on habits, perceptions, economic and religious attitudes related to environmental consciousness, and WTP. The findings reveal that environmental concern is significantly enhanced by environmental consciousness, awareness, and education, while environmental awareness also positively influences perceived social norms regarding others’ environmental awareness. Further, environmental consciousness, religiosity, and education are significantly positively associated with the WTP for an eco-friendly product. Also, those who earn high incomes have a greater WTP for eco-friendly products with premium prices of 10–75% higher. Respondents motivated by religious obligation have a significantly greater WTP for eco-friendly products with a 10–30% price premium. These findings imply the need for context-specific strategies that leverage cultural values, address income disparities, and effectively communicate the benefits of green choices to drive the adoption of green products.","author":[{"family":"Al-Abdulqader","given":"Khalid"},{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Abdul"},{"family":"Ong","given":"JMJ"},{"family":"Khalifa","given":"Ahmed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18174541","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18174541","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416129221","type":"article-journal","title":"Species Distribution, Drug Resistance, and Risk Determinants of Candida UTIs: A Five-Year Retrospective Study in Beijing","abstract":"Objective: The Candida genus has become an important pathogen of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Systemic infections caused by Candida could result in high mortality and significant medical costs, presenting an increasingly severe clinical challenge. This five-year retrospective study was designed to investigate the species distribution, antifungal resistance patterns and clinical risk factors associated with Candida urinary tract infections, it is critical to guide the rational selection of antifungal agents and optimize clinical management strategies. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 229 cases of Candida UTIs diagnosed at the Third Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital between 2020 and 2024. Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility were evaluated using chi-square tests, while multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify independent risk factors. Results: 1. A total of 230 Candida strains were isolated from 229 patients (138 males and 91 females). The detection rate of C. albicans decreased from 47.06% in 2020 to 39.22% in 2024, with a corresponding rise in non- albicans species.2. Among the 199 strains tested for antifungal susceptibility, all isolates remained fully susceptible to amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine (0.00% resistance). In contrast, resistance to azole antifungals was notably higher. C. tropicalis exhibited significantly greater resistance to triazole agents compared to C. albicans (P< 0.05), while C. glabrata demonstrated a high resistance rate to itraconazole (44.00%), indicating a growing resistance concern. 3. Univariate analysis showed that hospital stays ≥ 14 days, urinary catheterization ≥ 7 days, and broad-spectrum antibiotic use were significantly associated with Candida UTIs (P< 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression identified prolonged hospitalization and catheterization as independent risk factors (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The increasing prevalence of non- Candida albicans species and rising azole resistance—particularly among Candida tropicalis —underscore the importance of routine species identification and antifungal susceptibility testing. Early urine culture screening and individualized antifungal selection are crucial, especially for patients with prolonged hospital stays or indwelling catheters, promoting the transition from empirical medication use to individualized treatment in clinical practice. Keywords: urinary tract infections, Candida , antifungal resistance, risk factors","author":[{"family":"Cao","given":"Xiao"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Tong"},{"family":"Duan","given":"Feifei"},{"family":"Song","given":"Na"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Zhaoyang"},{"family":"Song","given":"Lijie"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xiaoli"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yufei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.2147/idr.s555207","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s555207","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409339247","type":"article-journal","title":"Techno-Economic Analysis on Implementing Hydrogen in a Combined Heat and Power Plant in Luxembourg to Reduce Carbon Emissions","abstract":"In 2021, the global electricity and heat sector recorded the highest increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in comparison with the previous year, highlighting the ongoing challenges in reducing emissions within the sector. Therefore, combined heat and power (CHP) plants running on renewable fuels can play an important role in the energy transition by decarbonising a process, increasing the efficiency and capacity factor. Since 2003, Luxembourgish CHP plants have been transitioning from natural gas to biomass, mainly wood pellets. However, even though wood pellets are a renewable alternative, the market volatility in 2022 highlighted the vulnerability of a system reliant solely on one type of fuel. This study assesses the feasibility of using hydrogen to decarbonise a cogeneration plant powered by a natural gas-fuelled internal combustion engine. Although the technology to use hydrogen as a fuel for such systems already exists, a technical and economic analysis of implementing a hydrogen-ready plant is still lacking. Our results show that, from a technical perspective, retrofitting an existing power plant to operate with hydrogen is feasible, either by adapting or replacing the engine to accommodate hydrogen blends from 0 up to 100%. The costs of making the CHP plant hydrogen-ready vary depending on the scenario, ranging from a 20% increase for retrofitting to a 60% increase for engine replacement in the best-case scenarios. However, these values remain highly variable due to uncertainties associated with the ongoing technology development. From an economic standpoint, as of 2024, running the plant on hydrogen remains more expensive due to significant initial investments and higher fuel costs. Nevertheless, projections indicate that rising climate concerns, CO2 taxes, geopolitical factors, and the development of the hydrogen framework in the region—through projects such as MosaHYc and HY4Link—could accelerate the competitiveness of hydrogen, making it a more viable alternative to fossil-based solutions in the near future.","author":[{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Cláudia"},{"family":"Delmonte","given":"Branca"},{"family":"Sliepen","given":"John"},{"family":"Maas","given":"Stefan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17083369","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083369","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128539780","type":"article-journal","title":"Reducing the cost of CO2 capture by improving the solvent regeneration process","abstract":"Global greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, with 2024 marking the highest annual levels on record, despite the rapid and unprecedented growth in renewable energy. Achieving rapid and deep emission reductions requires large-scale deployment of carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS), which is included as a critical component in all major net-zero pathways. However, the high cost of CO2 capture remains one of the most significant barriers to accelerating the adoption of CCUS. Among capture methods, solvent absorption is the most widely applied for post-combustion point-source emissions; however, it is highly energy-intensive, with over 80% of the total energy demand arising from solvent regeneration. Studies indicate that energy consumption accounts for around 40% of the operating cost of CO2 capture, highlighting the urgent need for energy-efficient regeneration strategies. This paper presents CO2CRC’s novel hybrid capture technology, which addresses the challenges of large footprint and energy consumption by significantly reducing solvent regeneration costs. This novel technology meets the challenges through lower regeneration temperatures, reduced steam consumption, elimination of solvent phase change during regeneration, and the potential integration of waste heat. Together, these innovations demonstrate a pathway to lowering capture costs and enabling broader deployment of CCUS in support of global decarbonisation.","author":[{"family":"Pandit","given":"Jaikant"},{"family":"Chan","given":"Kwong"},{"family":"Lim","given":"Saw"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1071/ep25224","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ep25224","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417073693","type":"article-journal","title":"Techno-economic analysis of industrial-scale fermentation for formate dehydrogenase (FDH) production","abstract":"Abstract The conversion of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into formate offers a promising route to enable a circular, carbon-smart bioeconomy. Formate is increasingly recognized as a versatile and energy-dense platform molecule that can serve as a feedstock for microbial fermentation, energy storage, and sustainable chemical and fuel production. A key bottleneck in this value chain is the availability of cost-effective and scalable formate dehydrogenase (FDH), which catalyze the initial reduction of CO 2 to formate. However, little is known about the economic feasibility of producing and purifying FDH at industrial scale. In this study, we developed data-driven techno-economic models to assess the production cost of FDH in Methylorubrum extorquens (M. extorquens) using lab-scale data and projected outcomes across four scenarios: 1 L empirical, 5 L empirical, base, and optimistic. Our results show that the minimum selling price when using FDH as a crude protein preparation ranged from $2300/kg (1 L empirical) to $75/kg (optimistic), while the use of purified FDH resulted in costs ranging from $99,000/kg to $970/kg, respectively. Sensitivity analyses revealed that protein purity has the greatest influence on final production cost, with substrate and electricity costs also contributing significantly to the two empirical scenarios. These findings provide insight into cost bottlenecks and help identify engineering targets for scaling FDH enzyme production, supporting the development of CO 2 -to-formate technologies and the broader formate-based bioeconomy. Graphical abstract","author":[{"family":"Cunniffe","given":"Julia"},{"family":"Berrio","given":"Vanessa"},{"family":"Hunter","given":"Cameron"},{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Thuan"},{"family":"Salmon","given":"Sonja"},{"family":"Crook","given":"Nathan"},{"family":"Grunden","given":"Amy"},{"family":"Sagues","given":"William"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s40643-025-00985-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40643-025-00985-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416596491","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrating experimental and geochemical modelling for productive carbon dioxide mineralization in the South China Sea","abstract":"Reaching carbon neutrality requires innovative and scalable carbon sequestration technologies. Here, we present an enhanced ex-situ mineral carbonation method using South China Sea seawater and calcium-rich additives for carbon dioxide storage. We conducted high-pressure (50-500 atm) laboratory experiments using calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and wollastonite, and performed numerical geochemical simulations. Our key finding is that calcium oxide in seawater achieves the highest carbonate yield, with geochemical models indicating that the complex ionic composition of seawater significantly enhances precipitation compared to simple brines. Additionally, an analytical Monte Carlo economic analysis projects that such efficiency could reduce sequestration costs by 15%. We conclude that seawater-based carbonation is a viable strategy for permanent carbon dioxide storage, offering a practical path for scaling carbon management in coastal regions. High carbon dioxide pressure and calcium-rich additives increase carbonate formation in South China Sea seawater, which shows stronger buffering and saturation behavior than synthetic solutions, based on experiments and geochemical modeling.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Mohammadian","given":"Erfan"},{"family":"Azdarpour","given":"Amin"},{"family":"Masoudi","given":"Rahim"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Chenlu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Boyang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s43247-025-02988-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02988-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7201837633","type":"article-journal","title":"Co-Benefits of Solar PV Expansion and CCUS Deployment for Carbon and Air-Pollutant Reduction in Guangxi’s Power System: A LEAP-Based Scenario Analysis to 2060","abstract":"Provincial power systems must decarbonize while sustaining rapid demand growth and improving air quality; yet, few integrated assessments separate the contributions of renewable expansion and carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) for China’s less-developed regions. We apply the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) to model Guangxi’s power system to 2060 under four scenarios—Reference (BAS), Renewable-driven (RES), CCUS-intensive (CCS), and an Integrated comprehensive-policy scenario (ICS). Under ICS, solar photovoltaic generation rises from 38 TWh in 2025 to 408 TWh in 2060 (close to half of all generations), non-fossil capacity grows by about 730%, and power-sector CO2 falls by roughly 95% relative to BAS. A counterfactual decomposition shows that CCUS provides about 75% of the CO2 reduction along the coal-retaining CCS pathway but only about 5% along the renewables-led ICS pathway and reduces neither SO2 nor NOx. The air-quality co-benefits—up to 82%, 78%, and 73% lower SO2, NOx, and PM2.5 than BAS—arise mainly from renewable substitution, which also abates carbon more cheaply (about 120–190 versus 300 CNY t−1 CO2) while sharply raising flexibility needs. Once avoided fuel and carbon-market costs are included, the renewables-led pathways become net cost-saving on a full-system basis and yield a monetized air-quality health co-benefit roughly twice that of the CCUS-intensive route. The findings give policy-relevant guidance for sustainable low-carbon transitions in Guangxi and comparable emerging regions.","author":[{"family":"Luo","given":"Yongliang"},{"family":"Han","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Biao"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Xuwen"},{"family":"Wattana","given":"Supannika"},{"family":"Wattana","given":"Buncha"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18168074","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18168074","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409760418","type":"article-journal","title":"Exploring the contribution of self-help groups to sexual and reproductive health and HIV outcomes for female sex workers in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review","abstract":"Self-help groups (SHGs) have been effective in improving the health and wellbeing of women generally but there is little evidence on whether and how they improve HIV and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes among female sex workers (FSWs), particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This scoping review attempted to address this gap by identifying and analysing literature on SHGs for FSWs in sub-Saharan Africa. The review followed the 5-step framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley: 1) defining the research question, 2) identifying relevant studies, 3) selecting studies, 4) charting the data, and 5) collating, summarising, and reporting the results. We searched three databases (CINAHL, Medline and Global Health) for peer-reviewed articles published between 1 January 2000 and 30 September 2024. We identified eleven studies: two were quantitative, seven were qualitative and two were mixed methods. Studies were from seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The studies suggested that SHGs can improve SRH outcomes and reduce HIV vulnerabilities among FSWs by providing emotional and financial support, health education, linkage to care and social capital (i.e., benefits derived from association). The studies also highlighted the need for tailored interventions that address the unique needs and challenges faced by FSWs. This scoping review highlights the crucial contribution that SHGs make in promoting social cohesion, SRH and HIV outcomes among FSWs across seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa. To build resilience and facilitate better health outcomes, FSWs need to be empowered at individual, societal and resource levels through SHGs. Further research on the formation, structure, leadership, sustainability of SHGs and contextual factors, is required for understanding the best practices of their implementation to achieve long-term success.","author":[{"family":"Madimutsa","given":"Gracious"},{"family":"Machingura","given":"Fortunate"},{"family":"Nyamwanza","given":"Owen"},{"family":"Cowan","given":"Frances"},{"family":"Mavhu","given":"Webster"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0003883","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003883","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406386618","type":"article-journal","title":"Networks of climate obstruction: Discourses of denial and delay in US fossil energy, plastic, and agrichemical industries","abstract":"The use of fossil-derived hydrocarbons in fossil energy, plastic production, and agriculture makes these three sectors mutually reinforcing and reliant on sustained fossil fuel extraction. In this paper, we examine the ways the fossil fuel energy, plastics, and agrichemicals industries interact on social media using Twitter (renamed X as of 2023) data analysis, and we explore the implications of these interactions for policy. Content analysis of the text of tweets from the two largest US corporations and a major trade association for each sector (three discrete social media accounts for each sector) reveals coordinated messaging and identifies synergistic themes among these three sectors. Network analysis shows substantial engagement among the three sectors and identifies common external entities frequently mentioned in each sector. To understand the discursive strategies of the twitter networks of these three petrochemical derivative and fuel sectors, we propose the discourses of climate obstruction framework, adapted from and expanding on Lamb et al.’s (2020) discourses of climate delay framework. Our framework integrates both discourses of delay and discourses of denial because an integration of both were found in our analysis suggesting coordinated efforts to obstruct climate action. Our analysis suggests that discourses to deny and delay climate policy are aligned and coordinated across the three sectors to reinforce existing infrastructure and inhibit change. Exceptions in this alignment emerge for a few distinct sector-specific goals, including contrasting messages about biofuel. Despite some disparate views and different policy priorities among these three sectors, similar efforts to reinforce existing extractive petrochemical hegemony and undermine climate policy are clearly evident in each sector. These findings suggest that more research is needed to understand collaborative efforts among fossil energy, plastic, and agrichemical producers to influence climate and energy policy.","author":[{"family":"Kinol","given":"Alaina"},{"family":"Si","given":"Yutong"},{"family":"Kinol","given":"John"},{"family":"Stephens","given":"Jennie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000370","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000370","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413066738","type":"article-journal","title":"Navigating the future of carbon capture and storage technology: the interplay of social acceptability and political development","abstract":"Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage (CC(U)S) technology faces both technical and non-technical challenges that significantly impact its large-scale deployment. This study focuses on socio-political challenges, particularly in the context of recent developments in Europe, such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This research is based on an extensive literature review, a stakeholders’ workshop, and an expert survey, leading to a thematic analysis that identifies major socio-political factors influencing CC(U)S deployment in Europe. Our analysis suggests a conceptual framework that addresses these challenges and identifies two core conceptual domains – socio-political context and background environment – as critical factors for the future development of CC(U)S. The findings indicate that political development and social acceptability are pivotal drivers of CC(U)S deployment. Political development is increasingly linking energy security to national security, prompting a shift towards leveraging domestic resources. Social acceptability beyond social acceptance has the potential to become the focus of future discourses. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of trust- a factor that is prevalently discussed in the literature- in policymakers and industry in post-trust societies affected by major events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian invasion. Finally, we propose a preliminary evaluation model to assess the socio-political readiness of European countries for CC(U)S deployment. The paper concludes by discussing the political implications and recommendations of this study.","author":[{"family":"Karimi","given":"Farid"},{"family":"Marzban","given":"Ehsan"},{"family":"Dahlberg","given":"Ulrika"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/1943815x.2025.2529796","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1943815x.2025.2529796","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118553457","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrated Carbon Capture and Storage in Hydrogen Production: A Combined Techno-Economic and Life Cycle Assessment","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide This paper presents a coupled techno-economic and life cycle assessment of “blue” hydrogen to be produced at a hydrogen facility through steam methane reforming (SMR) equipped with carbon capture and storage (CCS). Blue hydrogen was modeled in ChemCAD, while an integrated asset model represented the carbon capture and storage chain. An unabated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) configuration release 11.99 kgCO 2 -eq/kgH 2 . Capturing ≥95% of the CO 2 stream lowers the carbon footprint to 6.59 kgCO 2 -eq/kgH 2 but raises the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) from $1.82/kgH 2 (no CO 2 capture) to $3.22/kgH 2; the U.S. 45Q tax credit reduces it to $2.59/kgH 2 . Incorporating CCS reduces the levelized net present value from $0.87/kgH 2 to $0.74/kgH 2, owing to additional capture, transport, and storage costs. Supplying SMR with low-carbon electricity, especially nuclear, wind, or hydro, delivers the lowest carbon footprint relative to geothermal or grid mixes. Sensitivity analysis identifies that hydrogen sales price, internal rate of return, and CCS cost as the strongest economic levers, while electricity demand dominates residual lifecycle emissions. The results underscore a clear trade-off; substantial CO 2 reductions are achievable, but only with higher production costs, making supportive policy instruments, access to clean power, and robust hydrogen markets essential for large-scale deployment of blue hydrogen.","author":[{"family":"Ameyaw","given":"Anthony"},{"family":"Ampomah","given":"William"},{"family":"Morgan","given":"Anthony"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c04158","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c04158","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415298794","type":"article-journal","title":"Study on the Mechanism of the Wet Carbonation Reaction and Performance Characterization of Ammonium Chloride-Modified Steel Slag","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Base-activated waste carbonation (BAWC) is a highly promising carbon sequestration strategy that utilizes alkaline solid waste to react with CO 2, converting it into stable mineral carbonates. This approach achieves dual objectives of carbon storage and resource utilization. This study proposes a wet carbonation process for steel slag modified with ammonium chloride, aiming to achieve effective CO 2 sequestration while promoting the resource recovery of steel slag, thereby mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. The study first investigates the modification effect of ammonium chloride solution on steel slag, demonstrating significant improvements in its physicochemical properties, particularly in terms of reactivity and surface structure. Subsequently, a wet carbonation process is employed, and the effects of temperature, stirring speed, carbonation time, and liquid-to-solid ratio on the carbonation reaction are systematically examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and other characterization techniques. The carbonation products and CO 2 sequestration efficiency of the modified steel slag under these four factors are analyzed. Experimental results indicate that the primary mineral components of the modified steel slag are Ca 2 SiO 4, MgO, and CaO, confirming its potential as an industrial waste material with excellent CO 2 storage capacity. After carbonation, the main products are calcite-type calcium carbonate crystals and silica gel. Microstructural analysis reveals that the carbonated slag exhibits a denser and more compact structure, with reduced porosity and disordered aggregates of polyhedral crystals. Under optimized reaction conditions (60 °C, 30 min of CO 2 bubbling, liquid-to-solid ratio of 200 g/L, and stirring speed of 600 rpm), the modified steel slag achieves a maximum CO 2 sequestration efficiency of 32.2%, meaning that each kilogram of modified slag can mineralize and absorb 0.322 kg of CO 2 . These findings demonstrate the significant potential of the wet carbonation process for both steel slag recycling and CO 2 capture.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Guilin"},{"family":"Kong","given":"Shaoqi"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Jiadong"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Haojie"},{"family":"Li","given":"Kunjie"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Gan"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Xudong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c06000","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c06000","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406033911","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Advances in Methanol Steam Reforming Catalysts for Hydrogen Production","abstract":"The pursuit of carbon neutrality has accelerated advancements in sustainable hydrogen production and storage methods, increasing the importance of methanol steam reforming (MSR) technology. Catalysts are central to MSR technology and are primarily classified into copper-based and noble metal-based catalysts. This review begins with an examination of the active components of these catalysts, tracing the evolution of the understanding of active sites over the past four decades. It then explores the roles of various supports and promoters, along with mechanisms of catalyst deactivation. To address the diverse perspectives on the MSR reaction mechanism, the existing research is systematically organized and synthesized, providing a detailed account of the reaction mechanisms associated with both catalyst types. The discussion concludes with a forward-looking perspective on MSR catalyst development, emphasizing strategies such as anti-sintering methods for copper-based catalysts, approaches to reduce byproduct formation in palladium-based catalysts, comprehensive research methodologies for MSR mechanisms, and efforts to enhance atomic utilization efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Mengyuan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Diru"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yiying"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Guangyan"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Yunbo"},{"family":"He","given":"Hong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/catal15010036","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15010036","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406799544","type":"article-journal","title":"Overview of the e-Fuels Market, Projects, and the State of the Art of Production Facilities","abstract":"E-fuels, or synthetic fuels produced from green hydrogen and captured CO2, are a promising solution for achieving climate neutrality by replacing fossil fuels in transportation and industry. They help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and efficiently utilize renewable energy surpluses. This study aims to assess the current state and future potential of e-fuel production technologies, focusing on their scalability and market integration. A comprehensive literature review and market trend analysis, including modeling based on historical data and growth forecasts, were used to estimate market penetration. Results indicate that e-fuels could reach a 10% market share within the next 5 years, potentially reaching 30% in 20 years, particularly in aviation, maritime transport, and the steel industry. Ongoing projects expected to be completed this decade may cover about 20% of the global liquid fuel demand for transportation. However, challenges such as high costs, scalability, and recent project terminations due to funding shortages highlight the need for substantial investment, regulatory support, and innovation. Global collaboration and policy alignment are essential for the successful development and integration of e-fuels as a critical pathway to decarbonization.","author":[{"family":"Dybiński","given":"Olaf"},{"family":"Szabłowski","given":"Łukasz"},{"family":"Martsinchyk","given":"Aliaksandr"},{"family":"Szczęśniak","given":"Arkadiusz"},{"family":"Milewski","given":"J"},{"family":"Grzebielec","given":"Andrzej"},{"family":"Shuhayeu","given":"Pavel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18030552","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18030552","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413287371","type":"article-journal","title":"Process Safety Considerations in the Design and Scale-Up of Chemical Looping Processes","abstract":"The technology readiness of chemical looping is rapidly being advanced by transforming batch-mode bench-scale systems into continuously or semicontinuously operating pilot units, and these changes in operating modes and scales introduce new levels of risk. To ensure pilot plants operate in a safe and successful manner and to sustain public support and a positive perception, it is important that a rigorous process safety approach is implemented in both the design and the operations stages of facilities, especially with limited operating history at larger scales. Beyond the application of technically sound engineering of individual unit operations, additional considerations are required for safer operations. The application of the inherently safer design (ISD) principles of minimization, substitution, moderation, and simplification are discussed within the context of chemical looping facilities, and example-based guidance is provided. Particular attention is paid to the selection of oxygen carriers and materials of construction to reduce or eliminate hazards. Passive and active control strategies are briefly discussed for their potential to mitigate accidents in pilot facilities, principally in managing loss of containment through secondary containment, and protecting workers through flame arresting and shielding. Management of change is introduced in a chemical looping pilot plant context, focused on examining alternative configurations and materials, recommissioning plants, and managing documentation and training with high turnover in academic settings. Finally, the need for incident reporting and knowledge sharing related to safety and accidents in the chemical looping community are discussed and recommendations on how this can be implemented are made.","author":[{"family":"Furlong","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Bond","given":"Nicole"},{"family":"Champagne","given":"Scott"},{"family":"Haelssig","given":"Jan"},{"family":"Symonds","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Hughes","given":"Robin"},{"family":"Amyotte","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Pegg","given":"Michael"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c01678","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c01678","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409866186","type":"article-journal","title":"Machine learning provides reconnaissance-type estimates of carbon dioxide storage resources in oil and gas reservoirs","abstract":"Oil and gas reservoirs represent suitable containers to sequester carbon dioxide (CO2) in a supercritical state because they are accessible, reservoir properties are known, and they previously contained stored buoyant fluids. However, planners must quantify the relative magnitude of the CO2 storage resource in these reservoirs to formulate a comprehensive strategy for CO2 mitigation. Even reconnaissance-type estimates of CO2 storage resources of known oil and gas reservoirs may require complicated calculations involving 1) estimates of recoverable oil and gas, 2) reservoir properties (depth, temperature, pressure, etc.), and 3) the physical qualities of the retained fluids. We demonstrate the application of machine learning (ML) algorithms to bypass these computations to yield more rapid estimates of CO2 storage resources in reservoirs capable of hosting CO2 in a supercritical state. ML algorithms are computationally efficient because they do not impose the strong assumptions on the data-generating process that standard statistical or engineering procedures require. Further, ML algorithms can capture highly complex, particularly nonlinear, relationships among predictor variables. We demonstrate the application of four different ML algorithms using data from onshore and offshore oil and gas reservoirs in Europe, and show they perform well when predictions are compared to engineering estimates. The proposed methods and models provide an effective and novel way to more rapidly and directly determine the subsurface CO2 storage capacity of oil and gas reservoirs around the world, information that operators, researchers, and policymakers alike require to meet energy transition and decarbonization goals.","author":[{"family":"Attanasi","given":"Emil"},{"family":"Freeman","given":"Philip"},{"family":"Coburn","given":"Timothy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fenvs.2025.1562087","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1562087","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412824776","type":"article-journal","title":"Experimental and Numerical Study on Optimizing CO2 Foam-Assisted Gas Channeling Control in Tight Reservoirs: Geological Influences","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Under the goal of carbon neutrality, CO 2 foam flooding combined with the sequestration offers multibenefits for the development of low-permeability and tight oil reservoirs. However, its effectiveness is often hindered by severe gas channeling caused by foam instability and complex geological conditions. This study investigates the foam performance of two foaming agents inside tight porous media via core flooding tests, followed by reservoir-scale optimization studies of foam injection strategies, which are subsequently performed to assess the effectiveness of foam-assisted gas channeling control under different geological scenarios. The results elucidate the impact mechanisms of geological heterogeneity on the CO 2 foam performance and provide theoretical and technical support for the integrated optimization of foam-based enhanced oil recovery and CO 2 sequestration in low permeability and tight reservoirs.","author":[{"family":"Yao","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Xingguang"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Tian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c04612","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c04612","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413024203","type":"article-journal","title":"Revisiting the Nexus Between Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, and CO2 Emissions in India and China: Insights from the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Model","abstract":"Understanding how energy use and economic activity shape carbon emissions is pivotal for achieving global climate targets. This study quantifies the dynamic nexus between disaggregated energy consumption, economic growth, and CO2 emissions in India and China—two economies that together account for more than one-third of global emissions. Using annual data from 1990 to 2021, we implement Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks, which outperform traditional linear models in capturing nonlinearities and lagged effects. The dataset is split into training (1990–2013) and testing (2014–2021) intervals to ensure rigorous out-of-sample validation. Results reveal stark national differences. For India, coal, natural gas consumption, and economic growth are the strongest positive drivers of emissions, whereas renewable energy exerts a significant mitigating effect, and nuclear energy is negligible. In China, emissions are dominated by coal and petroleum use and by economic growth, while renewable and nuclear sources show weak, inconsistent impacts. We recommend retrofitting India’s coal- and gas-plants with carbon capture and storage, doubling clean-tech subsidies, and tripling annual solar-plus-storage auctions to displace fossil baseload. For China, priorities include ultra-supercritical upgrades with carbon capture, utilisation, and storage, green-bond-financed solar–wind buildouts, grid-scale storage deployments, and hydrogen-electric freight corridors. These data-driven pathways simultaneously cut flagship emitters, decouple GDP from carbon, provide replicable models for global net-zero research, and advance climate-resilient economic growth worldwide.","author":[{"family":"Jóźwik","given":"Bartosz"},{"family":"Panda","given":"Siba"},{"family":"Dash","given":"Aruna"},{"family":"Sahu","given":"Pritish"},{"family":"Szwed","given":"Robert"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18154167","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18154167","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412194851","type":"article-journal","title":"Application of Machine Learning for Fuel Consumption and Emission Prediction in a Marine Diesel Engine Using Diesel and Waste Cooking Oil","abstract":"This study creates and tests a machine learning model that can predict fuel use and emissions (NOx, CO2, CO, HC, PN) from a marine internal combustion engine when it is running normally. The model learned from data collected from conventional diesel fuel experiments. Subsequently, we evaluated its ability to transfer by employing the parameters associated with waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel and its 60/40 diesel mixture. The machine learning model demonstrated exceptional proficiency in forecasting diesel mode (R2 > 0.95), effectively encapsulating both long-term trends and short-term fluctuations in fuel consumption and emissions across various load regimes. Upon the incorporation of WCO data, the model maintained its capacity to identify trends; however, it persistently overestimated emissions of CO, HC, and PN. This discrepancy arose primarily from the differing chemical composition of the fuel, particularly in terms of oxygen content and density. A significant correlation existed between indicators of incomplete combustion and the utilization of fuel. Nonetheless, NOx exhibited an inverse relationship with indicators of combustion efficiency. The findings indicate that the model possesses the capability to estimate emissions in real time, requiring only a modest amount of additional training to operate effectively with alternative fuels. This approach significantly diminishes the necessity for prolonged experimental endeavors, rendering it an invaluable asset for the formulation of fuel strategies and initiatives aimed at mitigating carbon emissions in maritime operations.","author":[{"family":"Žvirblis","given":"Tadas"},{"family":"Čižiūnienė","given":"Kristina"},{"family":"Matijošius","given":"Jonas"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/jmse13071328","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13071328","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406154285","type":"article-journal","title":"Impact of trace metal supplementation on anaerobic biological methanation under hydrogen and carbon dioxide starvation","abstract":"Biomethanation is a crucial process occurring in natural and engineered systems which can reduce carbon dioxide to methane impacting the global carbon cycle. However, little is known about the effect of on-and-off gaseous provision and micronutrients on bioconversion. Here, anaerobic microbiomes underwent intermittent feeding with incremental starvations and selective metal supplementation to assess the impact of hydrogen and carbon dioxide availability on microbial physiology. Resilience was tested under differential cultivations in basal medium supplemented with either nickel or cobalt. Nickel-augmented cultures exhibited faster recovery upon starvation, suggesting a beneficial effect. Dominant Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus demonstrated robust growth, genetic stability and transcriptional downregulation when starved. Conversely, bacteria were plastic and prone to genetic fluctuations, accumulating mutations on genes encoding for ABC-transporters and C-metabolism enzymes. This study pioneers cellular resilience and response to micronutrient supplementation in anaerobic carbon dioxide-fixating microbiomes, offering valuable insights into microbial activity recovery after carbon and electron donor deprivation.","author":[{"family":"Ghiotto","given":"G"},{"family":"Bernardini","given":"Nicola"},{"family":"Orellana","given":"Esteban"},{"family":"Fiorito","given":"G"},{"family":"Cenci","given":"L"},{"family":"Kougias","given":"Panagiotis"},{"family":"Campanaro","given":"Stefano"},{"family":"Treu","given":"Laura"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41522-025-00649-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-025-00649-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413907279","type":"article-journal","title":"Public Spending and Water Scarcity: An Empirical Analysis of USBR Investments in the Colorado River Basin","abstract":"ABSTRACT Rigid historical agreements, rapid population growth, and the accelerating impacts of climate change have significantly increased the complexity of water management and importance of water in the Colorado River Basin, leading to persistent and at times severe water supply shortages. Various policy interventions aim to address this challenge, with federal government funding for supply and demand management being a key component, as seen in initiatives such as compensated conservation programs. Utilizing data from the US Bureau of Reclamation, a primary source of funding for the basin water efficiency and management, we analyze the distribution of these funds, ex‐ante estimated water savings, and estimate the cost of water saved. Our analysis covers 462 projects across 10 programs from 2004 to 2024, spanning over 200 locations across the seven states that share the Basin water. The total funding for these efficiency programs amounts to approximately $1.08 billion (2023 constant dollars). Our analysis indicates that approximately 81% of the funds are allocated to projects aimed at reducing water demand, and about 19% are allocated to projects that augment water supply. In terms of geographic distribution, 5.7% of funds went to the Upper Basin states, 75.5% to the Lower Basin states, and 18.8% to Tribal areas. Across all projects, the estimated cost of water saved ranged widely, from approximately $385 to $2444 per acre‐foot saved.","author":[{"family":"Avila","given":"Paloma"},{"family":"Nemati","given":"Mehdi"},{"family":"Crespo","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Dinar","given":"Ariel"},{"family":"Frankel","given":"Zachary"},{"family":"Halberg","given":"Nicholas"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/1752-1688.70042","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70042","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411009740","type":"article-journal","title":"Interpretable machine learning approaches to assess the compressive strength of metakaolin blended sustainable cement mortar","abstract":"The use of naturally available materials such as metakaolin (MK) can greatly reduce the utilization of emission intensive materials like cement in the construction sector. This would reduce the stress on depleting natural resources and foster a sustainable construction industry. However, the laboratory determination of 28 day compressive strength (C-S) of MK-based mortar is associated with several time and resource constraints. Thus, this study was conducted to develop reliable empirical prediction models to assess CS of MK-based mortar from its mixture proportion using machine learning algorithms like gene expression programming (GEP), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), multi expression programming (MEP), bagging regressor (BR), and AdaBoost etc. A comprehensive dataset compiled from published literature having five input parameters including water-to-binder ratio, mortar age, and maximum aggregate diameter etc. was used for this purpose. The developed models were validated by means of error metrics, residual assessment, and external validation checks which revealed that XGB is the most accurate algorithm having testing [Formula: see text] of 0.998 followed by BR having [Formula: see text] values equal to 0.946 while MEP had the lowest testing [Formula: see text] of 0.893. However, MEP and GEP algorithms expressed their output in the form of empirical equations which other black-box algorithms couldn't produce. Moreover, interpretable machine learning approaches including shapely additive explanatory analysis (SHAP), individual conditional expectation (ICE), and partial dependence plots (PDP) were conducted on the XGB model which highlighted that water-to-binder ratio and sample age are some of the most significant variables to predict the C-S of MK-based cement mortars. Finally, a graphical user interface (GUI) was made for implementation of findings of this study in the civil engineering industry.","author":[{"family":"Khan","given":"Naseer"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Liqiang"},{"family":"Inqiad","given":"Waleed"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Iqbal","given":"Imtiaz"},{"family":"Emad","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Alarifi","given":"Saad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-01327-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01327-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410307973","type":"article-journal","title":"A UV-Photon-Energy-Integrated Gas Sensor Based on Pt-Nanoparticle-Decorated TiO2 Nanorods for Room-Temperature Hydrogen Detection","abstract":"Hydrogen sensors play a crucial role in ensuring safety in various industrial applications. In this study, we demonstrated the use of a room-temperature hydrogen gas sensor based on Pt-nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanorods (TiO2 NRs/Pt NP). The TiO2 NRs were synthesized via a hydrothermal method, followed by Pt deposition using sputtering and thermal annealing. Under UV illumination, the TiO2 NR/Pt NP gas sensor exhibited a remarkable response of 2.4 at a 1% hydrogen concentration, which is approximately 5.9 times higher than that of bare TiO2 NRs measured in the dark. This enhancement is attributed to the synergistic effect of Pt NPs, which promote charge separation and spillover for oxygen molecules, and UV activation, which generates additional carriers. Moreover, the sensor demonstrated stable and reliable detection of hydrogen concentrations up to 1% without the need for external heating, underscoring its practical applicability under ambient conditions. These results demonstrate that TiO2 NRs/Pt NP, combined with UV activation, provide a promising approach for highly sensitive and room-temperature hydrogen detection, offering significant potential for hydrogen monitoring and hydrogen energy systems.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Ju"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Sohyeon"},{"family":"Yoon","given":"Jeonghye"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Jeongmin"},{"family":"Park","given":"Il‐kyu"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Kyoung‐kook"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/chemosensors13050177","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors13050177","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410604311","type":"article-journal","title":"Geological–Engineering Synergistic Optimization of CO2 Flooding Well Patterns for Sweet Spot Development in Tight Oil Reservoirs","abstract":"CO2 flooding technology has been established as a key technique that is both economically viable and environmentally sustainable, achieving enhanced oil recovery (EOR) while advancing CCUS objectives. This study addresses the challenge of optimizing CO2 flooding well patterns in tight oil reservoirs through a geological–engineering integrated approach. A semi-analytical model incorporating startup pressure gradients and miscible/immiscible two-phase flow was developed to dynamically adjust injection intensity. An effective driving coefficient model considering reservoir heterogeneity and fracture orientation was proposed to determine well pattern boundaries. Field data from Blocks A and B were used to validate the models, with the results indicating optimal injection intensities of 0.39 t/d/m and 0.63 t/d/m, respectively. Numerical simulations confirmed that inverted five-spot patterns with well spacings of 240 m (Block A) and 260 m (Block B) achieved the highest incremental oil production (3621.6 t/well and 4213.1 t/well) while reducing the gas channeling risk by 35–47%. The proposed methodology provides a robust framework for enhancing recovery efficiency in low-permeability reservoirs under varying geological conditions.","author":[{"family":"Pei","given":"Enhui"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Chunsheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17114751","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17114751","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406001612","type":"article-journal","title":"Direct mineral carbonation of fly ash under high pressure using acid mine drainage: Effects of solid‐to‐liquid ratio, stirring speed and CO2 pressure","abstract":"Abstract CO2 emissions contributing to global warming and waste related to energy generation using coal pose an issue in developing countries. Mineral carbonation (MC) of fly ash (FA) using acid mine drainage (AMD) can reduce CO2 and the negative environmental impact of FA including AMD from coal mining activity. The present study examined the direct carbonation (DC) of FA using pure water and AMD in a 600 mL autoclave pressure reactor. A preliminary study was conducted to observe the leaching behavior of FA in water and AMD. DC was conducted to determine the effect of solid‐to‐liquid ratio (0.2 and 0.5 g mL−1), stirring speed (100 and 400 rpm) and CO2 pressure (1–4 MPa) on the carbonation performance. The maximum calcium carbonate content in the carbonated FA was 4.33 wt% with a 60% conversion of calcium to CaCO3 for DC with pure water. The electricity required by the process was 18.9 kWh t−1‐CO2, corresponding to 0.019 t‐CO2 emitted t−1‐CO2 fixed in FA. DC using AMD was effective and the maximum CaCO3 content in FA was 6.68 wt%. This was due to the additional calcium content and enhanced calcium extraction provided by AMD. The actual CO2 uptake capacity was 29.4 g‐CO2 kg−1 fly ash. Studies on AMD as a reaction solvent for MC are few but can improve the carbonation performance of FA. Hence, the method can be viable for mining industries to mitigate negative environmental impacts and generate additional revenue through carbon credits.","author":[{"family":"Zide","given":"Sibulele"},{"family":"Ho","given":"Hsing‐jung"},{"family":"Iizuka","given":"Atsushi"},{"family":"Petersen","given":"Jochen"},{"family":"Vadapalli","given":"Viswanath"},{"family":"Petrik","given":"Leslie"},{"family":"Ojumu","given":"Tunde"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ep.14545","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.14545","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204075608","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrating Carbon Capture, Utilization, & Sequestration into Chemical Pulp Mills","abstract":"The U.S. pulp and paper industry presents a unique and largely untapped opportunity for large- scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Unlike most industrial sectors, pulp mills rely heavily on biomass, meaning that much of their carbon emissions originate from atmospheric CO₂ that was recently captured by plants. If this biogenic CO₂ can be captured and permanently stored, pulp mills can be transformed from carbon emitters into net carbon removal facilities. This project was motivated by that opportunity and aimed to develop and evaluate integrated, low-cost strategies for capturing, utilizing, and sequestering CO₂ within existing chemical pulping operations. The scope of this work focused on four complementary innovations designed to integrate seamlessly into kraft pulp mill infrastructure: (1) in situ CO₂ capture within the recovery cycle, (2) oxy-fuel retrofitting of the rotary lime kiln to produce a high-purity CO₂ stream, (3) ex situ CO₂ capture and mineralization using pulp mill residues (dregs, grits, and lime mud), and (4) beneficial reuse of these residues as mineral carbonate fertilizers. The project combined process modeling, laboratory experimentation, life cycle assessment (LCA), and field trials to evaluate the technical feasibility, economic viability, and environmental impact of these approaches. The results demonstrate that pulp mills can serve as effective platforms for carbon removal when equipped with integrated carbon capture systems. Process modeling showed that combining sodium spiking with oxy-fuel calcination significantly enhances CO₂ capture efficiency while reducing costs by up to 31% compared to conventional configurations. Experimental work further revealed that calcination behavior in high-CO₂ environments differs substantially from traditional systems, leading to the development of a new kinetic model that predicts reaction rates under these conditions. This model provides essential design guidance for next-generation decarbonized lime kilns. In parallel, the project demonstrated that alkaline mineral residues generated during pulping operations can be repurposed as a sustainable alternative to agricultural lime. Across a wide range of soils in the southeastern United States, these materials performed equivalently to commercial lime in adjusting soil pH while offering lower greenhouse gas emissions and reduced cost. Field and greenhouse studies confirmed that crop and tree growth responses were comparable, supporting their viability as a drop-in replacement. This co-product pathway provides a practical utilization strategy that offsets costs and improves overall system economics. A major contribution of this project is the first comprehensive life cycle assessment of carbon removal in pulp and paper systems across multiple system boundaries. Results show that retrofitted mills can achieve carbon removal efficiencies ranging from 12% to 92%, depending on how the system is defined. This finding highlights a critical issue in carbon accounting: reported performance is highly sensitive to methodological choices. By explicitly quantifying these differences, this work provides valuable guidance for policymakers, carbon registries, and project developers working to standardize carbon removal metrics. From a commercialization perspective, the technologies investigated in this project are well- aligned with existing industrial infrastructure, minimizing the need for entirely new facilities. 3 DE-EE0009413 Industry engagement throughout the project—including collaboration with pulp and paper companies, equipment manufacturers, and carbon removal developers—has accelerated the transition from research to deployment. Notably, a commercial developer is actively pursuing carbon capture projects at pulp mills in the southeastern United States and has cited this research as a contributing foundation. The emergence of voluntary carbon markets and long-term offtake agreements further strengthens the business case fo","author":[{"family":"Sagues","given":"William"},{"family":"Cook","given":"Rachel"},{"family":"Li","given":"Fanxing"},{"family":"Park","given":"Sunkyu"},{"family":"Jameel","given":"Hasan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.2172/3484504","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2172/3484504","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7166676864","type":"article-journal","title":"Research Pathways for Automotive Exhaust Catalysts during the Transition to Electric Mobility","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The global automotive market has long been dominated by internal combustion vehicles (ICVs), which have provided essential mobility but also emitted air pollutants that harm human health and environment. Exhaust treatment catalysts have played a central role in mitigating these emissions, allowing ICVs to remain viable for decades. However, despite advances in catalyst technology, the continued reliance on fossil-fuel vehicles has driven steady increases in atmospheric CO 2, contributing to climate change and intensifying global environmental risks. In recent years, the rapid rise of electric vehicles (EVs), which eliminate tailpipe emissions, has prompted renewed discussion about the future relevance of automotive catalysts. This transition raises key questions: How quickly can EVs replace ICVs? What environmental challenges will persist during this shift? What role will catalytic technologies play in the evolving transportation landscape? In this contribution, we examine the environmental motivations behind EV adoption and assess their benefits and limitations using recent market and emissions data. We highlight constraints, including adoption barriers, hybrid vehicle cold-start emissions, and the difficulty of electrifying heavy-duty transport, that ensure catalysts will remain essential. Finally, we outline pathways for catalyst researchers to redefine their focus and remain impactful in the coming decades.","author":[{"family":"Kim","given":"Jueon"},{"family":"Jang","given":"Seong"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Jae"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Soo"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Jaeha"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.est.5c17872","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c17872","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7202277869","type":"article-journal","title":"Critical Care Nurses' Attitudes, Engagement, Challenges and Other Factors Influencing Healthcare Sustainability and Climate Change","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Intensive care units (ICUs) are among the most resource-intensive areas within health care and generate more waste and greenhouse gas emissions. Critical care nurses (CCNs) are well positioned to influence environmentally sustainable practices. AIMS: To assess CCNs' attitudes and climate-health engagement related to healthcare sustainability, to explore perceived challenges and identify other factors affecting sustainable practice in critical care settings. STUDY DESIGN: A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling of CCNs working in adult ICUs, emergency departments and cardiac care units in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using the Sustainability Attitudes in Nursing Survey (SANS-2), Climate, Health and Nursing Tool (CHANT) and a self-developed checklist to assess perceived challenges to practising healthcare sustainability, which were distributed electronically. Descriptive and inferential statistics, correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression were performed. RESULTS: A total of 216 CCNs participated, yielding a response rate of 90%; the respondents demonstrated generally positive attitudes towards sustainability and climate change (mean SANS-2 score = 23.87 ± 8.69). Concern about the health impacts of climate change ranked highest among CHANT domains (76.0%), while sustainability-related behaviours at work were lowest (49.1%). Awareness, concern and motivation were positively associated with sustainability behaviours, whereas attitudes showed weak associations with behaviour. Key challenges included lack of organisational support (45.8%), staff shortages and workload (41.2%) and inadequate policies or infrastructure (36.1%). Leadership role and lack of previous training independently predicted higher attitude scores, whereas prior education predicted greater climate-health engagement. CONCLUSIONS: Although CCNs express strong concern and positive attitudes towards sustainability, organisational and workload constraints limit translation into practice. Strengthening leadership engagement, targeted education and institutional support is essential to embed sustainable practices in critical care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The study highlights sustainability attitudes, climate-health engagement, perceived challenges and persistent behavioural gaps, while identifying the central roles of education, leadership, and organisational support.","author":[{"family":"Abdelhafez","given":"Amal"},{"family":"Mohamed","given":"Mostafa"},{"family":"Rajeh","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Rosita","given":"Annie"},{"family":"Hmaimat","given":"Nathira"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1111/nicc.70627","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nicc.70627","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168283901","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessment of TVSA Cycle Configurations for Cooperative Adsorbents with Step-Shaped Isotherms under Direct Air Capture","abstract":"Summary As Direct Air Capture (DAC) becomes essential for climate mitigation, optimising process-level performance for advanced adsorbents is critical. This study investigates the impact of cycle configuration on the performance of mmen-Mg2(dobpdc), a metal-organic framework with a unique cooperative, step-shaped adsorption mechanism. A one-dimensional temperature-vacuum swing adsorption (TVSA) model was developed in Aspen Adsorption V14 and validated against experimental breakthrough data (R2 = 0.9756). The study compares a standard 5-step TVSA cycle with a modified configuration incorporating a preheating stage before the vacuum stage to enhance product purity. Contrary to established trends for conventional adsorbents, results indicate that preheating is counterproductive for this phase-change MOF. The modified cycle resulted in significantly lower CO2 recovery and higher specific energy consumption (SEC) without improving purity. This degradation is attributed to the material’s steep temperature sensitivity; heating before evacuation triggers a rapid shift in the step position, causing premature CO2 desorption and loss at atmospheric pressure. These findings suggest the need for specialised cycle strategies tailored to the unique thermodynamic characteristics of phase-change materials.","author":[{"family":"Ghiri","given":"MN"},{"family":"Nasriani","given":"HR"},{"family":"Khajehnoori","given":"L"},{"family":"Rasmussen","given":"SK"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3997/2214-4609.202622005","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202622005","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160649456","type":"article-journal","title":"Predictive Multi-Modal Smart Vital Analysis System using Deep Learning for Early Deterioration Warning","abstract":"The present study is designed to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional healthcare monitoring systems, which do not offer real-time, low-latency, and predictive analysis for early patient deterioration. Current systems typically process data in silos, with cloud-based infrastructure, leading to response delays in critical situations. To address these issues, we propose a Predictive Multi-Modal Smart Vital Analysis System (SHVAMS) that combines IoT data collection, multimodal deep learning, and edge/fog computing for proactive and intelligent healthcare monitoring. The study's research design is quantitative and experimental, with the physiological data (heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and temperature) obtained from IoMT devices in various clinical settings. Preprocessing and standardization of a dataset of 1,000 observations and classification into critical, warning and normal classes was performed using pre-defined clinically valid thresholds. The system is based on multimodal deep learning models that are deployed at the edge layer to facilitate low latency processing and real-time decision-making. The results show that the proposed system is able to provide better prediction accuracy and small time delay as compared with traditional approaches which are based on cloud computing, and about 3.7% of the observations are predicted to be critical cases for immediate intervention. The system increases its ability to detect early physiological deterioration and provide timely alerts, aiding proactive clinical decision making. The integration of multimodal AI with edge computing within a single healthcare framework represents a novel and promising approach for scalable and efficient real-time monitoring.","author":[{"family":"Ali","given":"Umair"},{"family":"Hussain","given":"Akhtar"},{"family":"Memon","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Dashnyam","given":"Altantuya"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Dr"},{"family":"Rehan","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.63056/academia.5.3(c).2026.1889","URL":"https://doi.org/10.63056/academia.5.3(c).2026.1889","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408571919","type":"article-journal","title":"FAIR Digital Objects for Seamless Research Data Management for Researchers and Higher Education Institutions","abstract":"Seamless Research Data Management for Researchers aims to cover a complete scientific workflow from planning a research project to registration and publication of results in repositories by connecting existing components, services, and tools using FDOs. This approach combines widely used components, so large data volumes can increasingly be FAIRified automatically. Machine-actionable Data Management Plans (maDMP) that comprehensively document the respective research project in a machine-actionable format form the entry point. The familiar Galaxy environment, which already enables RO-Crate implementation, forms the backbone to incorporate a growing number of services and tools. Galaxy orchestrates and executes the workflow components resulting from maDMPs and data analysis. The research results and comprehensive documentation become published in a repository of the researchers' choice (e.g., Zenodo). From there, the research results can be integrated into a knowledge graph (e.g., ORKG).","author":[{"family":"Stocker","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Grüning","given":"Björn"},{"family":"Miksa","given":"Tomasz"},{"family":"Biniossek","given":"Claudia"},{"family":"Betz","given":"Dirk"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.52825/ocp.v5i.1045","URL":"https://doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v5i.1045","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7140181017","type":"article-journal","title":"Focused monitoring using Vertical Seismic Profile data","abstract":"Recent developments in light and ultra-light monitoring methods have made it possible to focus on specific “spot” locations using light seismic spreads and tailored processing workflows for both onshore and offshore surveys. This paper shows how the procedure has been adapted to VSP data. VSP data recorded with an optical fiber and a DAS system can be successfully used for focussed seismic monitoring. A conventional VSP processing sequence is applied to a DAS-VSP dataset acquired for CO2 injection monitoring. The corridor-stacked VSP traces are compared with synthetic seismograms, and a stratigraphic deconvolution process is used to match the corridor stacks to the synthetics. The efficiency of the workflow is assessed through correlation and NRMS metrics. The monitoring procedure has been fully automated, both in data processing and in the detection of CO2 using seismic attributes—specifically through the computation of a residual time-shift curve combined with differential instantaneous-amplitude criteria.","author":[{"family":"Mari","given":"Jean"},{"family":"Khatib","given":"Habib"},{"family":"Morgan","given":"Élodie"},{"family":"Peruche","given":"Pauline"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1051/e3sconf/202670002002/pdf","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202670002002/pdf","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155562218","type":"article-journal","title":"Generalizing intensive care AI across time scales in resource-limited settings","abstract":"Abstract Generalization remains a major barrier to the clinical deployment of artificial intelligence in critical care. Models developed using high-frequency physiological monitoring often experience performance degradation when applied across hospitals, patient populations, and monitoring environments that differ from those used during training. Although variability in temporal resolution is widespread in critical care, its impact on representation learning and model transferability remains poorly understood. Here, we introduce the resolution-transfer task for physiological time series and present PhysioStack, a self-supervised physiological representation learning framework designed to evaluate whether representations learned from high-frequency monitoring data remain robust across clinically relevant monitoring frequencies without retraining. We introduce SafeICU, a longitudinal pediatric intensive care dataset spanning ten years of routinely collected clinical and physiological data from a tertiary-care hospital in India, including high-resolution vital signs recorded at 15-second intervals. Transformer-based masked language models were trained on 144,271 patient-hours of high-resolution physiological signals from 984 pediatric ICU stays to learn representations of heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and arterial blood pressure. Representations learned at high temporal resolution demonstrated strong transferability across lower monitoring frequencies, consistently outperforming models trained directly on temporally aggregated data. Importantly, these representations generalized across patient populations, maintaining performance when evaluated on independent adult intensive care cohorts derived from the MIMIC-III and eICU databases without retraining. In a downstream early shock prediction task, PhysioStack achieved AUROC values of 0.82-0.86 and AUPRC values of 0.91-0.94 across 5-60-minute monitoring frequencies without retraining. Representations trained on pediatric data generalized to independent adult ICU cohorts, achieving AUROC 0.91-0.95 and AUPRC 0.94-0.97 without cohort-specific fine-tuning. These findings demonstrate that PhysioStack learns transferable physiological representations that generalize across temporal resolutions and patient cohorts, supporting robust AI for critical care. To support further research, we publicly release the SafeICU database, comprising longitudinal vital signs, laboratory measurements, treatment records, microbiology, and admission and discharge, together with pretrained physiological representation models. Research in context Evidence before this study Before undertaking this study, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2010, and 2026. Search terms included combinations of (“self-supervised learning” OR transformer OR “masked language model”) AND (“critical care” OR ICU); (“MIMIC” OR “eICU” OR EHR OR “multimodal data”) AND (“critical care” OR ICU); and (“physiological time series” OR “vital signs” OR monitoring) AND (generalization OR “temporal resolution” OR “sampling frequency”). The equivalent PubMed searches yielded 302, 6468, and 214561 records, respectively, reflecting the rapid growth of research in artificial intelligence, critical care datasets, and physiological monitoring. Manual screening of relevant reviews and original articles showed that existing studies primarily investigate self-supervised learning for downstream clinical prediction or evaluate generalizability across institutions and patient cohorts. However, nearly all studies develop and evaluate models using a single temporal resolution, treating monitoring frequency as fixed. Added value of this study This study introduces the concept of temporal resolution transfer for physiological representation learning, SafeICU, a large pediatric intensive care database, and PhysioStack, a self-supervised framework pretrained using high-resolution physiological ","author":[{"family":"Devadiga","given":"Akshaya"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Pradeep"},{"family":"Sankar","given":"Jhuma"},{"family":"Lodha","given":"Rakesh"},{"family":"Sethi","given":"Tavpritesh"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.64898/2026.04.23.26351588","URL":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.04.23.26351588","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165735128","type":"article-journal","title":"Toward Carbon Neutrality: Pathways and Challenges in Green Steel Production","abstract":"ABSTRACT Steel, a cornerstone of modern civilization and economic growth, has experienced exponential production growth, resulting in substantial carbon emissions owing to reliance on fossil‐based reducing agents and fuels. Although conventional steelmaking methods have improved, achieving the climate targets outlined in the Paris Agreement requires the adoption of transformative technologies. This review examines potential green energy sources and their integration into the value chain of green steel production to address industry challenges. Electricity, hydrogen, and biocarbon have emerged as primary reducing agents and heating sources, enabling disruptive steelmaking processes. Pathways toward green steel remain constrained by the need to secure sustainable energy supplies, ensure high‐grade iron ore availability, and advance energy‐efficient technologies for integration into existing or new steelmaking processes. Emphasis is placed on a holistic approach to renewable energy usage and CO 2 emission reduction. Future research directions and development priorities for achieving carbon‐neutral steelmaking are outlined, with attention to systematically addressing hard‐to‐abate subprocesses and progressively decarbonizing the entire value chain of green steel production.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Xianfeng"},{"family":"Ökvist","given":"Lena"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Guozhu"},{"family":"Björkvall","given":"J"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/csc3.70023","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc3.70023","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124907271","type":"article-journal","title":"Mechanistic Insights Into Copper Aggregates With Unsymmetrical Coordination Environments: From Biomimetic Copper–Oxygen Model Complexes to Copper–Alkynyl Clusters","abstract":"ABSTRACT Copper is one of the most abundant and less toxic transition metals in nature, which exhibits rich oxidation states and versatile catalytic activity using O 2 as an oxidant. To date, enormous efforts in crystallographic and spectroscopic analyses have explicitly disclosed the pivotal role of polynuclear copper aggregates in the biological and organocatalytic redox processes. Notably, most biological Cu–O active sites often have unsymmetrical coordination environments for each copper ion, which finally account for the differentiated redox properties and biological functions. Inspired by the structural biology advances, numerous synthetic model complexes as enzyme mimics and organocatalytic active species have been established to identify enzymatic reaction intermediates and clarify the catalytic mechanisms. However, those synthetic models often show identical or similar coordination environments for individual copper ions because of the extensive application of synthetically accessible symmetrical ligands. In this Perspective, we endeavor to summarize the composition and structural details of Cu–O active species in several important copper‐containing enzymes and pay special attention to the coordination environments of individual copper ions therein. Mechanistic studies on the biased functions of individual copper centers and the cooperative effect among them have been comprehensively surveyed. Recent progress of the synthetic Cu–O model complexes with unsymmetrical coordination environments, including the distinctive bi‐cluster [alkynyl–copper–oxygen] aggregate, is discussed in detail to clarify the distinctive structure–property relationship of nonequivalent copper ions. We hope that this Perspective reiterates the unsymmetrical structural features of polynuclear copper aggregates in copper‐catalytic systems and highlights the unique effect of coordination unequivalence in redox process, and provides new inspiration for the rational design of novel multimetallic catalysts.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Siqi"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Wen"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Liang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/agt2.70277","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.70277","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167217311","type":"article-journal","title":"A regulação da captura e estocagem de CO₂ no Brasil: a Lei nº 14.993/2024, potencialidades e lacunas normativas","abstract":"A captura e a estocagem geológica de dióxido de carbono têm crescido significativamente nas discurssões sobre a mitigação das mudanças climáticas, sobretudo diante da necessidade de desenvolvimento de tecnologias capazes de reduzir a emissão dos gases de efeito estufa. Apesar do Brasil possuir condições favoráveis à implementação de projetos de Captura e Armazenamento de Carbono (CCS) e Bioenergia com Captura e Armazenamento de Carbono (BECCS), a consolidação dos projetos depende de uma estrutura jurídico-regulatória clara e segura. Nesse contexto, o artigo analisa a regulação da captura e estocagem de CO2 no Brasil, com ênfase na Lei nº 14.993/2024, com atuação da Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP) e nas lacunas normativas ainda existentes, por meio de uma abordagem jurídico-normativa com uma perspectiva comparativa. Com isso, a “Lei do Combustível do Futuro” representa um avanço ao reconhecer a atividade e atribuir à ANP competência regulatória e fiscalizatória. No entanto, a regulamentação ainda se encontra em estágio inicial, marcada pela adoção de projetos-piloto, por soluções experimentais diante da ausência de normas específicas e pelas indefinições quanto à governança regulatória da atividade. Portanto, a viabilização de projetos de CCS e BECCS no Brasil exige regulamentação infralegal específica, capaz de garantir segurança jurídica, previsibilidade regulatória e alinhamento com padrões internacionais aplicáveis ao armazenamento de carbono.","author":[{"family":"Vasconcelos","given":"Stela"},{"family":"Troner","given":"Newton"},{"family":"Souza","given":"Assenheimer"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.24859/rid.2026v24n2.2009","URL":"https://doi.org/10.24859/rid.2026v24n2.2009","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168236494","type":"article-journal","title":"Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTI) and Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) in Critical Care Units of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Surveillance Study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) and central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are important preventable device-associated healthcare-related infections in critical care settings and are associated with prolonged hospitalization, adverse outcomes, and increased treatment burden. This study evaluated the incidence and trends of these infections in the critical care units of a tertiary care hospital during the study period. METHODOLOGY: This was a retrospective analysis of routinely collected surveillance records from the critical care units of a tertiary care teaching hospital from July 2019 to December 2020. Standard surveillance definitions were applied throughout. Data on patient-days, device-days, CAUTI events, CLABSI events, device utilization, and hand hygiene compliance were collected and analyzed. Trends across the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods were compared, and the association between hand hygiene compliance and infection rates was assessed. RESULTS: During the study period, 30,263 patient-days, 16,943 urinary catheter-days, and 11,891 central line-days were recorded. A total of 43 CAUTI events and 138 CLABSI events were identified. Infection rates varied across months and units, with higher burdens observed in some adult critical care areas and among lower birth-weight groups in the neonatal intensive care unit. CLABSI rates increased substantially during the pandemic period compared with the pre-pandemic period, while CAUTI rates also showed variation over time. Hand hygiene compliance remained low during the surveillance period. CONCLUSIONS: Device-associated infection rates remained high in the critical care units studied and worsened during the pandemic period, particularly for CLABSI. Strengthening device-care practices, maintaining surveillance systems, and improving hand hygiene compliance remain essential to reducing infection burden in tertiary critical care settings.","author":[{"family":"Prasad","given":"Amber"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Minakshi"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"Puneet"},{"family":"Agarwal","given":"Ankit"},{"family":"Panda","given":"Prasan"},{"family":"Jain","given":"Gaurav"},{"family":"Omar","given":"Balram"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"Pratima"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.7759/cureus.112623","URL":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.112623","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160648885","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessing the Impact of Carbon Pricing on the Sustainable Transition of Coal-Dominated Power Systems in China: An Integrated Resource Planning Approach","abstract":"Achieving sustainability in the energy sector has become a critical global challenge under the increasing pressures of climate change. Amid increasingly severe global climate change, the Chinese government has attached great importance to carbon emission control and is actively advancing the construction of its carbon market. As a core element of carbon markets, the carbon price exerts a pivotal influence on the transition and low-carbon development of the coal-fired power industry. This paper undertakes an in-depth analysis of the low-carbon transition of China’s coal-fired power industry under the influence of the carbon price, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for policymakers in formulating relevant policies. It begins by reviewing the concept and characteristics of carbon markets, as well as the development status of both international and Chinese carbon markets. This is followed by an analysis of the current state of China’s coal-fired power industry, its transition needs, and the impacts of the carbon price on the industry. Subsequently, a self-developed comprehensive resource planning model is employed to simulate the effects of carbon price changes on the installed capacity development, structural adjustment, and carbon emissions from the power sector of China’s coal power enterprises. Finally, policy recommendations to facilitate the transition of the coal-fired power industry are proposed. The research findings indicate that changes in the carbon price have a significant impact on the coal-fired power industry, driving enterprises to reduce carbon emissions and improve energy efficiency. Furthermore, carbon market policies play a crucial role in promoting the low-carbon transition of the coal-fired power industry. Through policy adjustments and optimization, synergistic development between carbon market policies and the industry’s transition can be achieved. The findings provide important insights for enhancing environmental sustainability, economic efficiency, and system resilience in China’s power sector under carbon neutrality goals.","author":[{"family":"Xuan","given":"Wanyue"},{"family":"Ding","given":"Rijia"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ruiying"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"J"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18104680","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104680","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204580653","type":"article-journal","title":"Improving cost competitiveness in hydrogen production pathways through technology maturity, patent concentration and game-theoretic classification","abstract":"Many hydrogen projects face cancellation due to high development costs and contractual asymmetries between technology licensors and project developers, highlighting the need for strategic frameworks to enhance efficient collaborations. This study employs a multi-method approach based on a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and analytical classification. The approach extends the Kraljic matrix to innovation-intensive technologies. Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) and market growth are used as proxies for profit impact, while the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI) measures supply risk through patent concentration. Hydrogen production pathways are then classified and linked to cooperative and non-cooperative game-theoretic models to evaluate optimal collaboration strategies between licensors and project developers. Our analysis shows that non-cooperative models dominate when technologies exhibit low-to-medium technology maturity and smaller market growth, such as Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC), Anion-Exchange Membrane electrolysis (AEM), or Turquoise technology process. A mix of cooperative and non-cooperative games is included in Strategic contexts, such as Proton-Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolysis, Alkaline Water Electrolysis (AWE) green hydrogen, grey and blue hydrogen technology process, where patent complementarities and balanced bargaining power foster joint innovation. The proposed classification offers a structured pathway to bridge procurement strategy, market structure and innovation governance in the hydrogen sector, and it helps project developers to identify which technologies carry higher HHI, which game-theoretic strategy should be applied to achieve more effective cooperative outcomes. The results directly support hydrogen developers in selecting technologies and reducing sourcing risk.","author":[{"family":"Alaez","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Mendibil","given":"Kepa"},{"family":"Wong","given":"TC"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.156461","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.156461","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7170094392","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge and Practices Regarding Thrombolytic Therapy in Myocardial Infarction at Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar","abstract":"Background: Thrombolytic therapy is an important reperfusion strategy in myocardial infarction, particularly where timely primary percutaneous coronary intervention is unavailable or delayed. Nurses play a central role in patient assessment, drug preparation, monitoring, documentation, complication recognition, and patient education during thrombolytic therapy. Objective: To assess nurses’ knowledge and self-reported practices regarding thrombolytic therapy in myocardial infarction at tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November 2025 among 135 registered nurses working in emergency, intensive care, coronary care, and cardiology-related units of tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar. Participants were selected using convenience sampling from an accessible population of 207 nurses. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, and self-reported practices regarding thrombolytic therapy. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize frequencies and percentages. Results: Most participants were aged 26–30 years (68.9%), female (68.1%), and BSN graduates (75.6%). ICU nurses formed the largest departmental group (34.8%), and 49.6% had 4–6 years of experience. Prior thrombolytic therapy training was reported by 41.5% of participants. Among valid responses, 78.0% had good knowledge and 84.6% reported desirable practice. Conclusion: Most nurses demonstrated good knowledge and desirable self-reported practices, although fewer than half had received formal thrombolytic therapy training. Structured competency-based training and standardized clinical protocols are recommended","author":[{"family":"Ahmad","given":"Khalil"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Iqdar"},{"family":"Ullah","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Ullah","given":"MF"},{"family":"Zaman","given":"Kabir"},{"family":"Bilal","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Nazira","given":"Bibi"},{"family":"Rashima"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.61919/fpm6yc88","URL":"https://doi.org/10.61919/fpm6yc88","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165782446","type":"article-journal","title":"Construction of Rock-Based Multiscale Pore Structures via In Situ Growth of ZIF-8 for Enhancing CO2 Adsorption and Displacement Performance","abstract":"大气二氧化碳(CO2)浓度持续升高使高效碳捕集、利用与封存(carbon capture, utilization and storage, CCUS)需求愈加迫切。尽管已将CO2注入深部咸水层和油气藏进行地质封存和提高石油采收率(enhanced oil recovery, EOR)，但天然储层岩石有限的界面吸附能力和孔隙表面活性位点，使CO2在长期注入过程中仍存在迁移与泄漏风险。针对这一问题，本文提出在天然岩石(贝雷砂岩，BS)中原位生长金属有机框架材料(MOFs)(沸石咪唑酯框架-8，ZIF-8)纳米晶体，构建兼具天然骨架稳定性与微孔吸附功能的ZIF-8/BS复合多孔介质。形貌和相态分析表明，ZIF-8在BS表面实现了均匀负载并保持了完整的晶体结构。CO2吸附、N2吸附、压汞(MIP)和T2-T2弛豫交换结果显示，ZIF-8的引入使BS形成由微孔、介孔和大孔共同构成的多尺度孔隙结构；原位生长后的ZIF-8主要改变了孔隙表界面特征并引入微孔贡献，未削弱BS原有孔隙网络的连通性，并且将比表面积由1.8197 m2 g-1提高至25.4238 m2 g-1。在298 K、100 kPa下，ZIF-8/BS的CO2吸附量达到22.21 cm3 g-1 STP，显著高于BS的0.15 cm3 g-1 STP，且多次循环吸脱附后性能保持稳定。此外，进一步结合在线核磁共振(NMR)监测下的超临界二氧化碳(sc-CO2)-水/油驱替实验，ZIF-8/BS在水相和油相驱替过程中均表现出更优的残余流体迁移能力与驱替效率。相较于BS，ZIF-8/BS的残余水饱和度由43.18%降至32.34%，水驱效率由56.82%提高至67.66%；残余油饱和度由37.49%降至28.69%，驱油效率由62.51%提高至71.31%，有效降低了受表面力束缚的孔壁残余流体。研究表明，在天然岩石孔隙中原位引入MOF功能相，可在保持主体孔隙连通性的基础上实现CO2吸附增强与驱替改善的耦合作用，为CO2-EOR与CO2地质封存过程中储层孔隙界面功能化提供了新的研究思路。","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Long"},{"family":"Guangzhi","given":"Liao"},{"family":"Tingting","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Ruiqi","given":"Fan"},{"family":"Changwei","given":"Zhang"},{"family":"Zhenhua","given":"Rui"},{"family":"Lizhi","given":"Xiao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.7498/aps.75.20260542","URL":"https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.75.20260542","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168256247","type":"article-journal","title":"Epidemiology, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Seasonal Dynamics of Respiratory Bacterial Pathogens in a Saudi Tertiary Care Hospital (2023–2025)","abstract":"Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly among hospitalized and critically ill patients. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) complicates treatment and highlights the need for local surveillance to guide antimicrobial stewardship. This study investigated the epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and seasonal trends of respiratory bacterial pathogens in a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 5582 respiratory specimens collected between January 2023 and December 2025. Samples included tracheal aspirates, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, throat swabs, pleural fluids, ear swabs, and nasal swabs. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed using the VITEK® 2 Compact system and interpreted according to CLSI M100-S35 guidelines. Statistical analyses included Chi-square tests and logistic regression. Results: Culture positivity was 38.6% (2154/5582), with tracheal aspirates and sputum accounting for the most positive specimens. The predominant pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (31.9%), Klebsiella spp. (21.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.2%), Serratia marcescens (6.3%), Escherichia coli (5.7%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (5.5%). Culture positivity increased significantly with age (p< 0.001), with Gram-negative bacteria predominating in older patients. MDROs were slightly prevalent, including, carbapenem-resistant organisms (22.9%) and ESBL producers (12.3%). The highest MDRO burden occurred in intensive care and other high-acuity wards. Seasonal analysis demonstrated a significant increase in MDRO prevalence during the summer months, with carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens rising from 18.2% in the winter to 28.7% in the summer (OR 1.82, 95% CI: 1.45– 2.28; p< 0.001). Conclusions: Respiratory pathogens in this Saudi tertiary care hospital exhibited a high prevalence of multidrug resistance, particularly among Gram-negative bacteria and in critical care settings. Seasonal increases in resistance during the summer months suggest the need for intensified infection control measures, strengthened antimicrobial stewardship, and ongoing surveillance to reduce MDRO transmission and optimize patient outcomes. Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, respiratory tract infections, multidrug-resistant organisms, carbapenem resistance, ESBL, seasonal dynamics, antimicrobial stewardship, Saudi Arabia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae","author":[{"family":"Alzahrani","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"El-Shahidy","given":"Samar"},{"family":"Lahyani","given":"Amina"},{"family":"Hussain","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Olayan","given":"Bilal"},{"family":"Alruwais","given":"Nada"},{"family":"Hagras","given":"Soheir"},{"family":"Faran","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Khojah","given":"Osamah"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.2147/idr.s610414","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s610414","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171401530","type":"article-journal","title":"Technical, Economic, Social, and Environmental Dimensions in Biogas Energy Development","abstract":"Biogas energy has emerged as a sustainable, renewable energy source that can help tackle global issues like energy security, climate change, waste management, and the development of a circular economy. It is produced through the anaerobic digestion of organic materials such as agricultural leftovers, livestock manure, municipal solid waste, food waste, and wastewater sludge. Biogas presents significant opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while generating renewable electricity, heat, and biomethane. Despite gaining more attention from researchers, the existing studies are often fragmented. They usually focus on individual technical, economic, environmental, or social aspects without properly looking at how these areas are connected. This study carries aims to bring together current knowledge on biogas energy development and to clarify the factors that influence its successful implementation. The study integrates peer-reviewed studies published from 2015 to 2026, gathered from major scholarly peer-reviewed journal articles. The selected literature is analyzed using a structured systematic review method to pinpoint key research themes, drivers for implementation, technological innovations, barriers, and outcomes related to sustainability in biogas energy systems. The findings categorize the main factors affecting biogas development into five major areas: availability of feedstock, anaerobic digestion technology, recovery and use of resources, policy and financial support, and applications of end-use energy. Additionally, the review assesses the numerous benefits and barriers from technical, economic, environmental, and social viewpoints, emphasizing their connected relationships within sustainable energy systems. The study adds to the growing literature on renewable energy by putting forward a combined conceptual framework that illustrates the interactions among these four sustainability dimensions in biogas energy development. The framework shows how technological improvements boost environmental performance, economic feasibility, and social acceptance while also recognizing the challenges tied to investment costs, operational complexity, policy uncertainty, and engagement with stakeholders. Lastly, the review points out new research directions and offers practical advice for policymakers, researchers, industry professionals, and investors who want to speed up the adoption of biogas technologies and aid the global shift toward a low-carbon circular economy.","author":[{"family":"Faizal","given":"Mohd"},{"family":"Jannah","given":"Nurul"},{"family":"Aziat","given":"Amir"},{"family":"Ajeel","given":"Raheem"},{"family":"Sultan","given":"Sakhr"},{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Adnan"},{"family":"Fazlizan","given":"Ahmad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.47772/ijriss.2026.100700048","URL":"https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2026.100700048","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163636723","type":"article-journal","title":"Перспективи розвитку інфраструктури уловлювання, транспортування та зберігання CO₂ в Україні: європейський досвід та національні передумови","abstract":"Досліджено тенденції розвитку інфраструктури уловлювання, транспортування та геологічного зберігання діоксиду вуглецю (CCS) у країнах Європейського Союзу та виконано аналіз перспектив їх реалізації в Україні. Аналіз європейських проєктів підтверджує, що створення повноцінного ланцюжка CCS забезпечується узгодженим поєднанням процесів уловлювання, транспортування та геологічного зберігання CO₂, при цьому ключову роль відіграє створення потужностей геологічного зберігання, як основи для започаткування всієї інфраструктури. Показано, що в умовах післявоєнного відновлення та переходу до низьковуглецевої економіки особливого значення набудуть цементна та біогазова галузі, де викиди CO₂ мають переважно процесне походження і не можуть бути усунені виключно шляхом переходу на відновлювані джерела енергії. Це визначає їх як пріоритетні об’єкти для впровадження технологій уловлювання та подальшого транспортування і зберігання діоксиду вуглецю. Обґрунтовано доцільність орієнтації на технології зрідження CO₂, що забезпечує зменшення його об’єму та дозволяє ефективно застосовувати залізничний і автомобільний транспорт. Акцентовано увагу на необхідності реалізації концепції формування регіональних CO₂-хабів для акумулювання потоків діоксиду вуглецю та їх подальшого спрямування до об’єктів геологічного зберігання. Проаналізовано геологічний потенціал України щодо зберігання CO₂, зокрема можливостям використання виснажених газових і нафтових родовищ, як об’єктів довгострокового зберігання CO₂. Запропоновано концептуальний підхід до розвитку інфраструктури CCS, який передбачає реалізацію пілотних проєктів у регіонах, де рівень ризиків, пов’язаних із війною, є нижчим, проведення комплексних геологічних досліджень, створення регіональних CO₂-хабів, розвиток залізничної та автомобільної логістики транспортування зрідженого CO₂. Підкреслено важливість державної координації, розвитку нормативно-правової бази, міжнародної співпраці та інтеграції України у європейські ланцюжки транспортування і зберігання CO₂. Отримані результати можуть бути використані для прийняття рішень щодо розвитку системи уловлювання, транспортування і зберігання CO₂ в Україні та її інтеграції у європейський простір декарбонізації.","author":[{"family":"Дорошенко","given":"ЯВ"},{"family":"Kondrat","given":"OR"},{"family":"Стецюк","given":"СМ"},{"family":"Дякунчак","given":"ДР"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.31471/1993-9868-2026-1(45)-159-183","URL":"https://doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2026-1(45)-159-183","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167732470","type":"article-journal","title":"Microwave-Assisted Conversion of Low-Rank Lignite into Hierarchical Activated Carbon: Molecular Insights into Efficient Post-Combustion CO2 Capture","abstract":"Lignite-derived activated carbon (L-AC) was fabricated via a microwave-assisted KOH activation process using a low-rank Mae Moh lignite and explored its potential as an adsorbent solid for post-combustion CO2 capture. Optimization of the KOH ratio, microwave irradiation power, and activation time gave rise to a product with a BET surface area of 1349 m2 g−1 and total pore volume of 0.78 cm3 g−1, which represented 165 times and 78 times enhancement compared with that of the initial lignite, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images proved the formation of a hierarchical macropore–mesopore–micropore structure, whereas Raman (ID/IG = 1.83) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses revealed a graphitic-like structure rich in defects with the existence of C=O and C–O–C functional groups involved in the Lewis acid–base interaction between L-AC and CO2 molecules. Dynamic fixed-bed breakthrough tests performed at temperatures of 298, 328, and 353 K under post-combustion relevant conditions (CO2 concentration: 15%, pressure: 1 atm) yielded CO2 equilibrium uptake capacities of 47.34, 34.37, and 21.34 mg g−1, respectively, with outstanding cyclic stability achieved after six consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles of temperature swing adsorption–desorption at 393 K. Among the seven nonlinear kinetic models, the Avrami, FL-PFO, and general-order models exhibited the highest fitting accuracy (R2 = 0.9994–0.9998), suggesting that CO2 adsorption onto L-AC proceeds through heterogeneous, multi-stage adsorption kinetics. A Weber–Morris intra-particle diffusion analysis identified a three-stage sequential transport mechanism in which mesopore diffusion constitutes the primary rate-limiting step. Thermodynamic parameters confirmed spontaneous (ΔG° = −24.20 to −26.87 kJ mol−1), exothermic (ΔH° = −9.42 kJ mol−1), and entropy-assisted adsorption (ΔS° = +49.93 J mol−1 K−1) consistent with a physisorption mechanism, corroborated by a low activation energy of 9.11 kJ mol−1. These findings demonstrate the viability of low-rank lignite as a low-cost precursor for the scalable synthesis of high-performance carbonaceous CO2 adsorbents for post-combustion capture applications.","author":[{"family":"Boonpoke","given":"Anusorn"},{"family":"Meesiri","given":"Sirasit"},{"family":"Imman","given":"Saksit"},{"family":"Yoosuk","given":"Boonyawan"},{"family":"Kanjana","given":"Wajussakorn"},{"family":"Wongcharee","given":"Surachai"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ijms27146123","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27146123","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168775941","type":"article-journal","title":"Influence of natural fibers on accelerated carbonation of cement mortars: An experimental evaluation.","abstract":"Carbonation is a natural process in cementitious materials identified as a potential alternative to reduce CO 2 emissions, with accelerated carbonation curing (ACC) recognized as an effective approach. This study explores the use of natural fibers (NF) to promote this process and the transport of CO 2 into the composites. For this, cement mortars reinforced with alfa fibers (AF) were fabricated, varying the fiber content (0.2% and 0.4%), and subjected to an experimental ACC, evaluating their performance after different carbon exposure periods (6, 12, 24, and 48 h). Carbon uptake was determined by the phenolphthalein method in combination with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The microstructure was explored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). In addition, mechanical properties were analyzed using flexural and compressive strength tests. The findings confirmed that AF accelerates carbon penetration, with increased fiber content resulting in a higher carbonation rate, while TGA revealed the formation of calcium carbonates, particularly after 48 h. SEM images exhibited optimal fiber-matrix bonding and porous channels promoting CO 2 diffusion, consistent with the MIP results. Regarding mechanical properties, the integrated approach of ACC and AF incorporation improved the flexural performance, whereas compressive strength remained barely unaffected. The results of this study suggest the feasibility of using NF to enhance carbonation in cementitious composites, and their potential for carbon capture, utilization, and storage applications.","author":[{"family":"Arvizu-Montes","given":"A"},{"family":"Bonilla-Correa","given":"Sarah"},{"family":"Ruiz-Agudo","given":"Encarnación"},{"family":"Martínez-Echevarría","given":"MJ"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.mtcomm.2026.115734","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2026.115734","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160914153","type":"article-journal","title":"A Case of Acute Myocardial Infarction with Atypical Symptoms in a Middle-Aged Male","abstract":"Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and key points of emergency diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction with atypical onset symptoms, so as to reduce the rates of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the diagnosis and treatment process of a middle-aged male patient with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who presented mainly with subxiphoid pain. Results: A 55-year-old male patient was admitted with 3 hours of subxiphoid colic and a burning sensation after alcohol consumption, without typical chest pain. Emergency electrocardiography showed Q-wave formation and ST-segment elevation in inferior wall leads (Ⅱ, Ⅲ, aVF), consistent with acute inferior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography revealed acute complete occlusion of the proximal right coronary artery and diffuse stenosis in the proximal and middle segments of the left anterior descending artery (maximum approximately 80%). Emergency percutaneous coronary intervention was performed, with one stent implanted in the right coronary artery. After the operation, the patient received standardized treatment, including lipid regulation, antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation, blood glucose control, and gastric protection. The patient was discharged with an improved condition. Conclusion: Acute myocardial infarction with abdominal pain as the main manifestation is highly prone to misdiagnosis. Routine electrocardiography and dynamic monitoring of myocardial necrosis markers in the emergency department are crucial for early diagnosis and can significantly improve patient prognosis.","author":[{"family":"Shuyun","given":"Xu"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Huang"},{"family":"Zengwen","given":"Ma"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Cunqiao","given":"Han"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.36502/2026/asjbccr.6441","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36502/2026/asjbccr.6441","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128802545","type":"manuscript","title":"Carbon Capture and Storage in Waste-to-Energy Plants","abstract":"Waste-to-energy (WtW) systems constitute a complex thermochemical interface between energy production and waste management. This can be done by generating CO2 streams of mixed biogenic and fossil origin. Net-negative emissions can be achieved by integrating carbon capture and storage (CCS) into WtE plants. However, the physical chemistry of the capturing process under heterogeneous conditions is not yet fully understood. This review analyzes the molecular and thermodynamic foundations of CO2 capture in WtE contexts and emphasizes solvent-solute interactions, reaction equilibria, and energy landscapes governing sorption and regeneration. Moreover, the chemistry of amine-based systems, ionic liquids, and solid sorbents will be examined, with respect to flue gas composition, impurity tolerance and degradation pathways, as well as the thermodynamic and kinetic frameworks for CO2 compression, phase behavior and geochemical storage reactions. The present review presents WtE–CCS as a particular field where the principles of physical chemistry contribute substantially to the development of sustainable approaches to environmental management.","author":[{"family":"Pastrafidou","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Avraam","given":"Konstantinos"},{"family":"Kartsonakis","given":"Ioannis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.20944/preprints202602.1095.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202602.1095.v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7162071936","type":"article-journal","title":"Operation of CERN’s major tests facility with upgraded cryogenic infrastructure for superconducting magnets, power links, inner triplets String and radio-frequency cavities for HL-LHC","abstract":"Abstract The largest cryogenic multipurpose test facility at CERN (SM18), recently significantly upgraded, provides helium refrigeration capacity for testing at nominal conditions, superconducting magnets, power links, radiofrequency (RF) cavities and the IT String (Inner Triplet) for the High Luminosity-Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) upgrade project, towards increased luminosity at interaction points 1 (ATLAS) and 5 (CMS) in the LHC accelerator. The SM18 cryogenics infrastructure and test benches have been progressively upgraded along the last 8 years to meet the technical requirements of the HL-LHC project. In parallel, cryogenic interfaces and process controls have been developed to adapt the operational requirements related to the use of new materials like Nb3Sn for the HL-LHC magnets, to the tests of innovative MgB2 powering links and to the new design of RF crab-cavities as well as crab-cryomodules. In addition, the inner triplets string test bench, also located in the SM18 facilities, will be dedicated to the test of HL-LHC magnet’s collective effects anticipating the operational behaviour of the structure powered by a superconducting link. This paper outlines the development of advanced cryogenic process controls over the past two years, focusing on automation for safety and efficiency in the cryogenic test benches. Operational results will be presented including overall cryogenic capacity & tests parallelization. The paper concludes with perspectives for the expected future dense testing program.","author":[{"family":"Mauny","given":"R"},{"family":"Barbe","given":"T"},{"family":"Dupont","given":"T"},{"family":"Ferrand","given":"F"},{"family":"Gahier","given":"V"},{"family":"Gery","given":"J"},{"family":"Guillotin","given":"N"},{"family":"Perin","given":"A"},{"family":"Onufrena","given":"A"},{"family":"Pirotte","given":"O"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1757-899x/1344/1/012140","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1344/1/012140","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167943687","type":"article-journal","title":"A comparative techno-economic and life cycle assessment of energy-from-waste technology integrated with carbon capture and storage","abstract":"Rising urbanisation and global population growth are projected to nearly double municipal solid waste (MSW) generation by 2050. Energy-from-waste (EfW) technologies recover energy from mixed waste streams, generating electricity and heat. However, for every tonne of MSW incinerated, 0.7–1.7 tonnes of CO 2 is emitted. Integrating carbon capture and storage (CCS) into EfW (EfW + CCS) presents a promising pathway to mitigate these emissions yet remains constrained by high costs and decreased energy efficiency. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of EfW + CCS, using a combined techno-economic and life cycle assessments approach. A thermodynamic steady-state model was developed in Aspen Plus to evaluate mass and energy balances for both standalone EfW and EfW + CCS. Results show that an EfW + CCS system with 250 ktpa capacity and 80% capture rate incurs a 35% energy penalty and increases capital (CAPEX) and operating expenditure (OPEX) both by 30%. Additionally, the system results in a positive net present value, 2.7% return on investment and a levelised cost of electricity of £163/MWh, but extended payback period from 4.5 to 8.3 years compared to standalone EfW. The life cycle assessment results showed a 33% reduction in global warming potential (GWP), though monoethanolamine production and carbon capture infrastructure increased other impacts. This study suggests that the current carbon price of £49.4/t CO 2 is insufficient to incentivise CCS deployment, with a required subsidy estimated at £178/t CO 2 captured. Furthermore, ammonia use for NO x removal strongly influenced GWP and OPEX, with 60% NO x removal resulting in a reduction of 41% in GWP and increasing OPEX by 19% compared to standalone EfW.","author":[{"family":"Aljoubory","given":"Janna"},{"family":"Iacovidou","given":"Eleni"},{"family":"Ng","given":"Kok"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148920","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148920","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165374596","type":"article-journal","title":"AS DESIGUALDADES NO RASTREAMENTO DO CÂNCER DE COLO DO ÚTERO: ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA COMPARATIVA ENTRE MACRORREGIÕES DO PARANÁ E REGIÕES NORTE E NORDESTE DO BRASIL (2016–2025)","abstract":"Introdução: O câncer de colo do útero continua sendo um importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil, refletindo desigualdades estruturais no acesso aos serviços de saúde. Objetivo: Analisar os padrões epidemiológicos de rastreamento e diagnóstico do câncer de colo do útero nas macrorregiões do Paraná em comparação com as regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, retrospectivo e descritivo baseado em dados secundários do DATASUS (SISCAN e Painel de Oncologia), abrangendo o período de 2016 a 2025, incluindo mulheres de 35 a 44 anos. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva utilizando frequências absolutas e relativas.Resultados: Observou-se alta concentração de diagnósticos na macrorregião Sul do Paraná (99,4%). A cobertura do rastreamento foi semelhante entre o Paraná (10,66%) e o Norte (10,72%), mas menor no Nordeste (8,48%). Uma redução significativa nos exames de rastreio ocorreu em 2020 devido à pandemia de COVID-19, seguida por uma recuperação desigual entre as regiões. Conclusão: Apesar de ser evitável, o câncer do colo do útero continua associado a desigualdades estruturais no acesso e na qualidade da assistência à saúde, o que destaca a necessidade de fortalecer as políticas de saúde pública voltadas para a melhoria do rastreio e a redução das disparidades regionais.","author":[{"family":"Villa","given":"Pedro"},{"family":"Villa","given":"Artur"},{"family":"Griep","given":"Rubens"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.51891/rease.v12i6.25773","URL":"https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v12i6.25773","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414320736","type":"article-journal","title":"ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE OS EXAMES DE DNA-HPV E CITOPATOLÓGICO NO RASTREAMENTO DO CÂNCER DE COLO DE ÚTERO NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA","abstract":"O câncer de colo de útero é um problema de saúde pública no Brasil, tendo a infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano como principal fator de risco. Apesar de prevenível por vacinação e rastreamento, desigualdades no acesso e limitações do exame de Papanicolau impactam o controle da doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o exame citopatológico e o teste de DNA-HPV no rastreamento do câncer de colo de útero na Atenção Primária à Saúde, analisando evidências, vantagens e limitações. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de literatura realizada nas bases PubMed, SciELO, LILACS e Google Acadêmico, incluindo publicações entre 2000 e 2025 que abordassem rastreamento do câncer cervical. O Papanicolau, amplamente disponível e de baixo custo, contribuiu para a redução da incidência do câncer cervical, mas apresenta baixa sensibilidade (50%-60%), necessitando de exames frequentes. Já o DNA-HPV apresenta maior sensibilidade (90%-95%), permitindo intervalos de até cinco anos e maior cobertura, inclusive com kits de autocoleta, embora com menor especificidade e custos mais elevados. Experiências internacionais e recentes diretrizes nacionais recomendam a adoção progressiva do DNA-HPV como método primário de rastreamento, mantendo o Papanicolau como teste reflexo para casos positivos. Conclui-se que o DNA-HPV representa avanço importante para o rastreamento do câncer de colo de útero, com potencial para ampliar a detecção precoce e reduzir a mortalidade. Contudo, sua implementação requer capacitação profissional, infraestrutura adequada e estratégias de educação em saúde, destacando o papel estratégico da Atenção Primária à Saúde na garantia de acesso equitativo e cuidado integral.","author":[{"family":"Silva","given":"Flávia"},{"family":"Silveira","given":"Jonathan"},{"family":"Macari","given":"Leonardo"},{"family":"Koloda","given":"Alethéa"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Louise"},{"family":"Rodrigues","given":"Sabrina"},{"family":"Machado","given":"Lidiane"},{"family":"Guimarães","given":"Daiane"},{"family":"Correa","given":"Luanda"},{"family":"Righi","given":"L"},{"family":"Folador","given":"Helena"},{"family":"Dallacort","given":"Nathalia"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Denise"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.63330/aurumpub.014-006","URL":"https://doi.org/10.63330/aurumpub.014-006","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165022419","type":"article-journal","title":"Near‐Death Experiences in Adult ICU Patients: A Scoping Review","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Near-death experiences occur in approximately 15% of intensive care unit survivors. Despite their profound impact on post-intensive care syndrome and long-term psychological recovery, near-death experiences remain under-addressed in clinical settings. AIM: To systematically map and synthesize evidence regarding the subjective experiences, influencing factors, assessment tools, and prognostic impacts of near-death experiences in adult intensive care unit patients, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview and solid reference for clinical identification and future research. STUDY DESIGN: Scoping review. Guided by a scoping review framework, a systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database, from database inception to April 17, 2026. Data from the included literature were subsequently extracted and synthesized. RESULTS: Seven included studies (five prospective cohorts, one qualitative, one mixed-methods) revealed that adult intensive care unit patients experience multidimensional near-death experiences (cognitive, affective, supernatural, and transcendental). The Greyson near-death experience scale is the primary, albeit limited, assessment tool. Prognostically, near-death experiences produce vivid, stable long-term memories and elevate spiritual needs; however, their impacts on psychosocial states and death attitudes remain heterogeneous. CONCLUSION: The near-death experiences of adult intensive care unit survivors constitute a unique and multidimensional subjective experience, the understanding of which requires both optimized assessment tools and a deeper integration of neurobiological and psychological frameworks. While increased religious interest and memory stability are evident, the persistent contradictions in psychosocial outcomes suggest that specific disease trajectories and cultural factors play a critical moderating role. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Within clinical intensive care unit practice, it is paramount to promptly identify near-death experiences by evaluating patients' multifaceted subjective experiences and providing proactive, effective support, as this plays a critical role in facilitating psychological recovery and improving long-term prognosis.","author":[{"family":"Gu","given":"Kailai"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Jingying"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Huiqin"},{"family":"Han","given":"Mengbo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1111/nicc.70532","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nicc.70532","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204487575","type":"article-journal","title":"Research and technology infrastructures in the European hydrogen economy: Status, needs and innovation concepts","abstract":"Research and Technology Infrastructures (RTIs) are central enablers of hydrogen technology development, yet their strategic potential remains underutilised in Europe. This review systematically assesses the European RTI landscape for clean hydrogen in comparison with global developments, using a Readiness Level framework and a comprehensive typology to analyse RTIs across the hydrogen value chain. The findings indicate that RTI ecosystems outside Europe exhibit examples of greater structural coherence, robust funding mechanisms, and stronger alignment with policy objectives. Conversely, the European context is characterized by fragmentation, limited access, and a reliance on short-term funding models. To address these challenges, this review proposes the adoption of coordinated governance structures, sustained lifecycle funding, improved industrial access pathways, and the integration of digital tools such as AI-driven experimentation. The main outcomes include: (i) a technology-neutral classification of RTIs, (ii) a systematic gap analysis, and (iii) targeted recommendations for policymakers, funding bodies, and infrastructure operators.","author":[{"family":"Abermann","given":"S"},{"family":"Cigolotti","given":"Viviana"},{"family":"Ivanova","given":"Mariya"},{"family":"Macherhammer","given":"Marie"},{"family":"Mazurkiewicz","given":"Louis"},{"family":"Mougin","given":"Julie"},{"family":"Puszkiel","given":"Julián"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.157061","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.157061","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124586788","type":"article-journal","title":"Multi‐Objective Energy Management for an Integrated Energy System With Small Modular Reactors Considering Uncertainty","abstract":"An integrated energy system (IES) can alleviate energy crises, promote multi‐energy complementarity, and enhance finer‐grained energy development. Nuclear power is clean and efficient, mainly when using small modular reactors (SMRs), which increase power generation, improve system flexibility, and promote a low‐carbon economy. This paper proposes a bi‐layer scheduling framework for a SMR‐connected integrated energy system (SMR‐IES) to optimize operating cost, carbon emissions, and average demand‐side flexibility during the peak period index. The first layer optimizes the multi‐objective operation of SMR‐IES using a hybrid of the improved augmented ε ‐constraint method and the modified technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution approach. This framework incorporates a ladder‐type carbon trading mechanism alongside a multi‐energy demand response program with a comprehensive user satisfaction index to account for carbon emissions throughout the entire process while enhancing demand‐side flexibility for the SMR‐IES. The second layer handles uncertainties using the information gap decision theory approach. The proposed method can determine a scheduling operation with predicted renewable energy sources, load, and energy price errors while keeping optimal objective values within acceptable bounds not higher than 35% of the nominal optimal values ( β = 0.35). Moreover, the proposed method offers a more efficient approach to managing uncertainty than stochastic and robust optimization methods.","author":[{"family":"Phu","given":"Pham"},{"family":"Huy","given":"Truong"},{"family":"Le","given":"Tien"},{"family":"Le","given":"Tien"},{"family":"Park","given":"Seongkeun"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Daehee"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1155/er/1046502","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/1046502","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7166716390","type":"article-journal","title":"A High-Precision Geo-Spatial-Techno-Economic Framework for CO 2 Source-Sink Pairing: Land-Sea Synergy and Cross-Regional Coalitions in China","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide China suffers from a severe geospatial mismatch between industrial and energy CO 2 emission sources and geological storage sinks, while existing carbon storage assessments lack national-scale high-resolution and land-sea synergy analysis. This study develops a high-resolution (1 km × 1 km) techno-economic framework integrating hierarchical storage capacity, site suitability, and full-chain carbon capture and storage (CCS) source-sink matching to clarify China’s geological carbon storage characteristics. The results show nearly balanced onshore-offshore theoretical (2.5 trillion tons) and P50 effective (1.5 trillion tons) storage capacities, with distinct cost gaps: onshore storage costs of 3–10 USD/t and offshore costs of 10–60 USD/t. Benefiting from regional capacity and transportation economic heterogeneity, 60–75% of China’s coal-based captured CO 2 achieves a levelized cost below 90 USD/t. This fine-scale framework maps national CCS distribution heterogeneities across multiple scales. We further propose cross-regional CCS coalitions via infrastructure sharing, land-sea storage integration, and cross-region carbon corridors to mitigate imbalance and could manage about 80% of coal-sector emissions, providing a scalable solution for Global South countries with unbalanced carbon development.","author":[{"family":"Wei","given":"Ning"},{"family":"Lin","given":"KZ"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Shengnan"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Dalin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"WW"},{"family":"Jiao","given":"Zunsheng"},{"family":"Dahowski","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiaochun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.est.5c14041","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c14041","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168338358","type":"article-journal","title":"Navigating regional zero-carbon steel pathways in China by aligning spatial resource constraints with facility heterogeneity","abstract":"China’s iron and steel sector is pivotal to global industrial decarbonization, yet near-zero transition pathways under heterogeneous regional resource endowments remain poorly understood. Here we develop a plant-resolved, spatially explicit framework that integrates a facility-level emission database, a cost-minimizing technology model and geospatial resource matching. We find that blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace production accounts for 83% of sectoral emissions, while 35% of blast furnaces are 10–15 years old, creating retrofit opportunities and carbon lock-in risks. Achieving a 97% emissions reduction by 2060 requires accelerated retrofits before 2040, retirement of 140 small facilities, expansion of hydrogen metallurgy to 34.6%, and a limited role for carbon capture and storage at 12.1%. Relative to business as usual, the near-zero pathway cuts cumulative system costs by 2,184 billion United States dollars (USD) by 2060 despite USD 436 billion in stranded assets. Northern and coastal regions favour hydrogen metallurgy, whereas inland provinces concentrate 46% of national carbon capture capacity. This study highlights differentiated regional pathway for decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors under technological lock-in and uneven resource endowments. By integrating plant-level heterogeneity with regional resource constraints, this study maps region-specific technology pathways for China’s near-zero steel transition, revealing how geography and resource endowments shape decarbonization.","author":[{"family":"Yan","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xinyuan"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Hancheng"},{"family":"Ruan","given":"Ziwen"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xuying"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Ziqiao"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Yilong"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Song","given":"Xiaohui"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Yixuan"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ge"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Bofeng"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Daiqi"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Gang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-026-76996-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76996-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7127407400","type":"article-journal","title":"CO2 Injection for Enhanced Gas Recovery in Tight Gas Reservoirs of the Central Shenfu Area","abstract":"The tight gas reservoirs developed in the central Shenfu block are characterized by ultra-low porosity and permeability (typically < 10% porosity, <1 mD permeability), and high irreducible water saturation (40–60%). The frequent water blocking issue sharply reduces gas relative permeability during the production period, severely limiting well productivity. In this study, core flooding experiments using artificial cores were conducted to systematically evaluate the feasibility of CO2 injection for enhanced gas recovery (EGR). The results show that the effectiveness of CO2 EGR is sensitive to many factors, such as injection pressure, injection rate, total injection volume, and core permeability. The higher injection pressure and rate would improve the pressure gradient, CO2 sweep efficiency, and EGR. An optimal total volume with the value (around 2.0 pore volumes, PV) was recommended as the amount of CO2 injection are varied in the range of 0.5–2.5 PV. A higher permeable tight reservoir is prone to a higher nature gas recovery. The experimental findings, within the controlled conditions of this study, suggest that a flowback strategy of “slow startup and controlled depressurization” could be considered. Combining CO2 injection with managed pressure drop of production and optimized fracturing process is proposed as a potential comprehensive strategy focused on “energy supplement, damage mitigation, and water control,” which may provide a useful reference for the efficient development of high-water-saturation tight gas reservoirs.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Z"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Haifeng"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Renbao"},{"family":"He","given":"LP"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Bing"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Yahao"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Kang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19030801","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030801","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204645436","type":"article-journal","title":"Tecnologia socioeducativa para a prevenção do câncer do colo do útero: um estudo metodológico","abstract":"Objective: To develop and validate a socio-educational technology in the format of an audiovisual series composed of five videos, aimed at preventing cervical cancer in women aged 20 to 40. Method: A methodological study with a mixed-methods approach, conducted in two stages: development and validation of audiovisual technology. Development was based on a scoping review according to the Joanna Briggs Institute, with searches in national and international databases and gray literature. Technical-scientific validation was performed with 22 specialist nurses using the Content Validity Index (≥0.70), and the illustrative dimension was evaluated by five designers using the Suitability Assessment of Materials. Analysis included descriptive statistics and thematic analysis of suggestions. Results: The review provided the basis for five thematic scripts. The global Content Validity Index was 0.96, indicating high agreement among specialists. Illustrative validation reached 96.9% adequacy, demonstrating technical-scientific quality and sociocultural suitability. Conclusion: The technology demonstrated content validity and illustrative quality, with potential for use in health education actions. Future evaluation with the target audience is recommended.","author":[{"family":"Aguiar","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Diniz","given":"Cleisiane"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.17665/1676-4285.20266953","URL":"https://doi.org/10.17665/1676-4285.20266953","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171872374","type":"article-journal","title":"EXAME CITOLÓGICO NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA E DESAFIOS NA ADESÃO: O ENFERMEIRO À FRENTE DA HUMANIZAÇÃO E DO AMBIENTE ACOLHEDOR","abstract":"Objetivo: evidenciar os desafios relacionados à adesão ao exame preventivo do câncer do colo do útero e a importância da atuação do enfermeiro na oferta de uma citologia humanizada, em ambiente acolhedor. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE e BDENF, com publicações de 2018 a 2025, em português e inglês. Foram excluídos estudos duplicados, documentos não disponíveis na íntegra, teses, monografias e dissertações. Resultados: entre 43 registros identificados, 14 artigos compuseram a amostra. Seis estudos (42,8%) destacaram o enfermeiro como profissional essencial na construção do vínculo e no aumento da adesão; três (21,4%) abordaram estratégias como educação em saúde e busca ativa; e cinco (35,7%) apontaram barreiras sociais, culturais e emocionais, incluindo vergonha, medo e preconceito. Considerações finais: o acolhimento, a escuta qualificada e a humanização da consulta de enfermagem podem favorecer a adesão ao exame citopatológico, embora essas práticas ainda necessitem de maior consolidação na atenção básica.","author":[{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Vitória"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Daylâne"},{"family":"Quirino","given":"Moniele"},{"family":"Gomes","given":"Roselia"},{"family":"Souza","given":"Ialy"},{"family":"Fernandes","given":"Milena"},{"family":"Pereira","given":"Ilza"},{"family":"Barros","given":"Lilian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.71248/k0mncb03","URL":"https://doi.org/10.71248/k0mncb03","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7172412650","type":"article-journal","title":"Techno-Enviro-Economic-Based Comparative Analysis of Hydrogen Production Pathways Using AHP-TOPSIS Framework","abstract":"Hydrogen is essential for decarbonising energy systems, yet optimal production pathways remain debated. This study presents a comprehensive techno–enviro–economic assessment of 17 hydrogen production methods. The assessment results were used to identify the optimal hydrogen production methods under a Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) framework using an integrated analytical hierarchy process (AHP)–technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) framework. Eight criteria were evaluated—energy efficiency, technology readiness level (TRL), production rate, CO2 emissions, water consumption, CAPEX, OPEX, and levelised cost of hydrogen (LCOH). AHP-derived criterion weights were energy efficiency: 34%, TRL: 18%, production rate: 10%, CO2 emissions: 4%, H2O consumption: 8%, LCOH: 4%, CAPEX: 13%, and OPEX: 8%—with an acceptable consistency ratio (CR = 0.06). Data gaps were addressed using multiple linear regression. TOPSIS rankings identified Steam Methane Reforming (SMR, Ci=0.77) as the most viable pathway, followed by Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC, Ci=0.76), and Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM, Ci=0.71). Emerging photolytic and biological pathways ranked lowest because of their low TRLs and economics. Under the adopted criteria and weighting scheme, SMR+CCS demonstrated short-term transition potential while electrolysis pathways provide long-term sustainability. The framework offers policymakers and industry a replicable decision-support tool for developing hydrogen strategies.","author":[{"family":"Okidim","given":"Joseph"},{"family":"Diemuodeke","given":"Ogheneruona"},{"family":"Ojapah","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Ezekwem","given":"Chidozie"},{"family":"Afrogha","given":"Somina"},{"family":"Okedu","given":"Kenneth"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19153656","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19153656","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204666063","type":"article-journal","title":"CCS, Transition Gas, and Regulatory Credibility in Indonesia’s Decarbonization: A Narrative Review of Complementarity, Lock-In Risks, and Governance Priorities","abstract":"Indonesia is developing carbon capture and storage (CCS) regulation while simultaneously pursuing renewable electricity, carbon-market instruments, and continued natural-gas investment. The interaction among these choices is often described as complementary, but complementarity depends on sequencing, sectoral fit, methane control, and credible limits on fossil-fuel lock-in. This narrative review synthesizes international evidence on CCS performance, storage security, costs, residual emissions, and methane with Indonesia’s evolving legal architecture. CCS has a defensible role in hard-to-abate industrial processes and in managing concentrated carbon-dioxide streams where low-carbon substitutes remain limited. Its case is weaker when used to prolong inefficient power assets or delay available renewable and efficiency options. Natural gas can have lower life-cycle emissions than coal, yet its transitional value is conditional on low methane intensity, limited asset lifetime, operational flexibility, and consistency with declining carbon budgets. Indonesia’s Presidential Regulation No. 14/2024, Ministerial Regulations No. 2/2023 and No. 16/2024, renewable-power framework, and Presidential Regulation No. 110/2025 create important legal foundations. Nevertheless, bankable and socially legitimate deployment requires clearer source–sink planning, measurement and verification, long-term storage liability, methane standards, financial additionality, community participation, and rules preventing double counting. The review proposes a sequenced governance hierarchy: prioritize efficiency and renewable electricity; constrain gas to time-bound system functions; and allocate CCS to residual industrial emissions under high capture, monitoring, and liability standards. Regulatory credibility, rather than technological optimism alone, will determine whether CCS accelerates decarbonization or locks in fossil dependence.","author":[{"family":"Fitri","given":"Riska"},{"family":"Ramdani","given":"Muh"},{"family":"Kurniawidi","given":"Dian"},{"family":"Saputra","given":"Kormil"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.59535/sehati.v4i3.701","URL":"https://doi.org/10.59535/sehati.v4i3.701","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168285536","type":"article-journal","title":"Unlocking the Storage Capacity of Paleogene Sandstones in the Central North Sea","abstract":"Summary Meeting ambitious Net Zero targets will require the identification and de-risking of large saline aquifers for CO2 storage. With around 50% of the UK’s theoretical storage resource situated in the Central North Sea region, sandstones of Paleogene age are identified as a significant open aquifer storage concept. The system is characterized by a complex sequence of stacked and amalgamated fan sandstones. This study identifies some of the key challenges that will impact the future exploitation of the potential CO2 storage resource. Storage capacity estimates were first extracted from the UK’s online CO2 storage atlas, with the Mey and Forties sandstones identified amongst the units with the greatest potential. A substantial subsurface database was interpreted to identify and explore the key issues. The stacked and amalgamated nature of the sandstones leads to potential for lateral and vertical connectivity within and between different reservoir units. This can be potentially both a positive aspect in terms of multi-layered trapping potential and pressure dispersal, but also poses a challenge in terms of unwanted fluid migration. The study concludes that understanding pressure connectivity is a particularly important key to unlocking the CO2 storage capacity of the Paleogene saline aquifer systems of the Central North Sea.","author":[{"family":"Williams","given":"J"},{"family":"Abel","given":"L"},{"family":"White","given":"J"},{"family":"Williams","given":"G"},{"family":"Parsons","given":"R"},{"family":"Sutton","given":"R"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3997/2214-4609.202622054","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202622054","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168185254","type":"article-journal","title":"Factores relacionados al desarrollo de flebitis en pacientes oncohematológicos","abstract":"Introducción: Los cuidados de enfermería en un paciente oncohematológico se han vuelto un desafío en la práctica de enfermería y más cuando se trata del manejo de accesos venosos. Objetivo: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar los factores relacionados al desarrollo de flebitis en pacientes oncohematológicos. Método: Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica sistemática de literatura Scielo, PubMed, SCOPUS. Resultados: Los factores asociados al desarrollo de flebitis son factores demográficos, de salud, farmacológicos, químicos y factores mecánicos. Además de factores inherentes del paciente como: edad, sexo, entre otros. Conclusiones: Existen factores propios de la práctica de Enfermería como: correcta técnica de canalización, ubicación del catéter, entre otros, los cuales son factores modificables.","author":[{"family":"Daquilema-Guamán","given":"Lupe"},{"family":"Martínez","given":"Nairovys"},{"family":"Romero-Fernández","given":"Ariel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.35381/s.v.v10i1.5025","URL":"https://doi.org/10.35381/s.v.v10i1.5025","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171418109","type":"article-journal","title":"Pathways Toward Carbon Peaking and Deep Decarbonization in the Yellow River Basin: Evidence from Tapio Decoupling, GTWR, and Scenario Analysis","abstract":"In the context of China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, clarifying whether the Yellow River Basin can achieve a decoupling of economic growth from carbon emissions and sustain regional development through deep decarbonization is critical to both ecological protection and high-quality development of the region. This study integrates the Tapio decoupling model, the geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model, and an author-developed LEAP-YRB v5 macro-sectoral hybrid model to examine 95 prefecture-level cities from 2010 to 2022 and to project energy consumption and carbon emissions for the nine YRB provincial-level regions from 2022 to 2060. The results show that: (1) the urban decoupling status fluctuated among expansive coupling, strong decoupling, and weak decoupling, with weak decoupling becoming dominant and increasing to 62 cities in 2022; (2) per capita GDP and urbanization tended to increase the decoupling index and therefore inhibited decoupling, whereas more intensive construction-land use promoted decoupling, and industrial structure upgrading and green patents showed context-dependent effects; and (3) the basin cannot peak its emissions under the business-as-usual scenario, while the policy-driven scenario peaks at approximately 3.357 billion tons of CO2 around 2030. Under the carbon-neutrality-oriented scenario, net emissions decline substantially to 825 million tons by 2060, indicating deep decarbonization but not full carbon neutrality. Full neutrality would require additional carbon sinks, cross-regional clean-electricity integration, stronger power-sector decarbonization, or negative-emission technologies beyond the endogenous measures represented in the model.","author":[{"family":"Xin","given":"Huilin"},{"family":"Li","given":"KE"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Xiaoyu"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Weijun"},{"family":"Du","given":"Zhaoli"},{"family":"Li","given":"Weiwei"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Hang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18157606","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18157606","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7143647625","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimal Planning of Regional Integrated Energy Systems Considering Long-Term Carbon Reduction Targets","abstract":"With the gradual progress of urbanization and modernization, the parks and neighborhoods in the city show a continuous expansion trend, which in turn triggers the problem of rational planning and scientific layout of energy between multiple blocks.In this study, a long-term multi-stage dynamic planning optimization method is proposed for the dynamically expanding integrated energy system considering carbon reduction targets.With the minimization of the total cost of the full planning cycle as the objective function, a multi-regional integrated energy system planning model considering the carbon trading mechanism is developed to find the optimal equipment allocation strategy under different carbon emission constraints.The model takes into account the stepwise expansion of regional load demand in the development and construction.The regional integrated energy system characterized by interconnection and interaction between blocks can achieve the carbon emission reduction target through its own internal equipment configuration, and can also be used as the main body of the carbon trading market to purchase and sell carbon allowances.Simulation results for typical cases show that interconnection enables coordinated operation between multiple integrated energy systems and establishes efficient energy conversion and collaboration mechanisms, thus achieving stability and reliability.By comparison, the continuous improvement of energy equipment operating efficiency improves technological innovation, which is more beneficial to social and economic sound development.Moreover, different carbon emission reduction targets will lead to differentiated carbon emission paths, which need to be combined with regional carbon reduction targets for reasonable settings.","author":[{"family":"Ren","given":"Hongbo"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiaofei"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Weisheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.34382/0002002525","URL":"https://doi.org/10.34382/0002002525","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124685748","type":"article-journal","title":"Standards and Guidelines for Algae LCAs","abstract":"Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a crucial tool to evaluate the environmental impacts of products and systems, including algae-based products and algae production and processing facilities. To conduct meaningful LCA studies, practitioners must navigate a complex framework of standards, guidelines, and initiatives. This information paper provides a concise overview of these resources, clarifying their roles and interrelationships. Standards, such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14040 and 14044, alongside the European Standard EN 17983, establish the foundational principles and requirements for algae LCAs, ensuring consistency and comparability across studies. Complementing these, guidelines such as the Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) introduced by the European Commission, the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook, and Publicly Available Specification (PAS) 2050 deliver practical instructions to implement these standards effectively. In addition, projects and initiatives such as ALIGNED (“Aligning life cycle assessment methods and bio-based sectors for improved environmental performance”) and LCA4BIO (“Harmonised life cycle assessment methods for sustainable and circular bio-based systems”) promote methodological innovation and sector-specific alignment (or harmonisation) by addressing emerging challenges and enhancing collaboration. Understanding the complementary functions of these standards, guidelines, and initiatives enables practitioners to produce scientifically robust and transparent algae LCAs aligned with best international practices. This information paper serves as a foundational resource for selecting and applying the most appropriate frameworks and tools in algae LCA studies.","author":[{"family":"Mangini","given":"Silvio"},{"family":"Braud","given":"L"},{"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Ana","given":"Morão"},{"family":"Speranza","given":"Lais"},{"family":"Pedra","given":"Igor"},{"family":"Bradley","given":"Tom"},{"family":"Forbes","given":"Jonathan"},{"family":"Monteiro","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Costa","given":"Luis"},{"family":"Bāliņa","given":"Karīna"},{"family":"Chami","given":"Ismail"},{"family":"Kliphuis","given":"Saskia"},{"family":"Nyvall","given":"Pi"},{"family":"Perignon","given":"Carole"},{"family":"Pierre","given":"Ronan"},{"family":"Rajaonison","given":"Andriamahefasoa"},{"family":"Saget","given":"Sophie"},{"family":"Schelte","given":"Nora"},{"family":"Schmid","given":"Stefan"},{"family":"Verdelho","given":"Vítor"},{"family":"Cadoret","given":"Jean"},{"family":"Unamunzaga","given":"Carlos"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.5281/zenodo.18189862","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18189862","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7172349515","type":"article-journal","title":"Hydrogen supply chains across Chinese provinces for production and transportation","abstract":"Decarbonization involves the wide use of hydrogen for mitigating emissions from hard-to-abate sectors, thus credible economic assessment of its various production and transportation modes is essential. We develop a spatially explicit analytical framework that integrates supply-chain levelized cost of hydrogen analysis with an optimal transportation network. The network optimization model embeds a distance-throughput curve and applies a dual feasibility rule requiring that any candidate transport connection meets both the minimum throughput requirement and cost-effectiveness. Here we show that storage and transportation account for about 20-50% of delivery costs of hydrogen across Chinese provinces. A large-scale pure-hydrogen pipeline network of approximately 59,000 kilometers is projected by 2060 across the scenarios, and the interprovincial hydrogen flows are concentrated along a few corridors linking inland producers to eastern and southeastern demand centers. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of hydrogen economics in China, including supply-chain analysis and infrastructure planning, offering policymakers scientifically supported strategies for energy transition. We approve the editorial summary as provided. Storage and transportation contribute about twenty to fifty percent of hydrogen delivery costs, with a projected fifty-nine thousand kilometer pipeline network and concentrated inter-provincial flows, according to a spatial supply chain cost and transportation optimization analysis framework.","author":[{"family":"Bi","given":"Caifeng"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Fei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ning"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s43247-026-03869-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03869-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7170040462","type":"article-journal","title":"Geomechanical Characterisation Analysis of Reservoirs Based on Well Logging Data for CO₂ Injection Applications","abstract":"This study investigates reservoir geomechanical characterization for CO₂ injection applications in the Akimeugah Basin using well-logging and 2D seismic data as the basis for constructing a one-dimensional Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) for well FRD2. The main log data used include sonic logs (Vp, Vs), density, and other logs to calculate dynamic elastic parameters, rock strength (UCS, tensile strength), pore pressure, and in-situ stress profiles (Sv, SHmax, Shmin), which are then validated by horizon and fault interpretation from seismic sections. Analysis of stress polygons, stress profiles, and stereonet plots at depths of 3100–4000 ft indicates that the stress regime is dominated by Normal Faulting with a maximum horizontal stress direction (SHmax) of approximately 150°, with no indication of overpressure but with depth-dependent geomechanical sensitivity to changes in injection pressure. The evaluation results show that the deeper interval (around 4000 ft) exhibits higher rock strength, a wider safe pressure window, fracture gradients well above pore pressure, and narrower zones of potential failure, making it the most suitable and safest target for CO₂ injection, while the 3100–3500 ft interval remains prospective but requires stricter pressure control.","author":[{"family":"Rusmaladewi","given":"Fitri"},{"family":"Louhenapessy","given":"Stevy"},{"family":"Hendrawan","given":"Rezki"},{"family":"Kurnia","given":"Dwi"},{"family":"Kurniawan","given":"Randy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.25105/7dve7558","URL":"https://doi.org/10.25105/7dve7558","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167502115","type":"article-journal","title":"3D geological modelling for CO2 storage assessment in the Abu Roash-A reservoir, Beni Suef field, Western Desert, Egypt","abstract":"This study presents the first systematic assessment of CO 2 storage potential in the Cretaceous Abu Roash-A sandstone reservoir of the Beni Suef Field in Egypt’s Western Desert. An integrated, multidisciplinary workflow was employed, combining two-dimensional (2D) seismic interpretation, petrophysical evaluation, and 3D static reservoir modelling to characterise the structural framework, assess reservoir quality, and quantify the anticipated CO 2 storage volume. Structural interpretation reveals a fault-bounded anticlinal trap with three-way dip closures against NE-SW and NW-SE trending normal faults, suggesting geological conditions favourable for lateral containment. The reservoir shows a well-defined oil-water contact at 4,200 ft and a hydrocarbon column of 300 ft. Stratigraphic interpretation indicates a thick, regionally extensive caprock system (Khoman and Apollonia formations) overlying the sandstone reservoir. Petrophysical analysis of the Abu Roash-A sandstone indicates low to moderate shale content (Vsh up to 0.25 in northeastern zones, lower in southwestern areas), favourable porosity (15%–24%), and moderate permeability (mean ∼12.5 mD, reaching up to 150 mD) across the structural crest, identifying the elevated block between wells BS-5X and BS-11 as the optimal injection interval. Probabilistic storage calculations yield an estimated CO 2 capacity ranging from 20 Mt (low scenario) to 140 Mt (high scenario), with a base case of approximately 60 Mt, and the central and southwestern sectors showing the highest potential. The results provide a transferable framework for CO 2 storage projects in mature oil reservoirs across North Africa and deliver critical scientific insights to advance Egypt’s decarbonisation and climate-action goals under the National Climate Change Strategy 2050.","author":[{"family":"Arafat","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Fagelnour","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Shu"},{"family":"Farouk","given":"Sherif"},{"family":"Barakat","given":"Moataz"},{"family":"Al-Kahtany","given":"Khaled"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/feart.2026.1877557","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2026.1877557","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7203783779","type":"article-journal","title":"Perfil epidemiológico e indicadores de câncer do colo do útero no estado do Amazonas (2020-2025)","abstract":"Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico de populações com citologia alterada e o acesso à colposcopia no Amazonas, correlacionando indicadores de saúde a fatores geográficos e socioeconômicos. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, ecológico e retrospectivo (2020–2025), utilizando dados do SISCAN e DATASUS. Foram analisadas variáveis como faixa etária, IDHM e distância da capital. Aplicaram-se testes de Qui-Quadrado, Kruskal-Wallis, correlação de Spearman e agrupamento K-means no software R (v. 4.5.0). Resultados: Observou-se associação positiva entre a capital e faixas etárias acima de 50 anos, enquanto o interior apresentou maior representatividade entre 30 e 40 anos. A distância de Manaus correlacionou-se negativamente com a cobertura citológica e a prevalência de exames normais, resultando em maior demanda proporcional por colposcopias em áreas remotas. O IDHM e a cobertura citológica apresentaram correlação positiva com a prevalência de resultados normais. Conclusão: As barreiras geográficas e disparidades socioeconômicas no Amazonas comprometem o seguimento das pacientes. O controle do câncer do colo do útero na região requer o fortalecimento de políticas públicas que enfrentem desafios logísticos e promovam a equidade, sendo essencial a descentralização diagnóstica e a ampliação da cobertura vacinal e do rastreio qualificado.","author":[{"family":"Souza","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Brito","given":"Patrícia"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Julia"},{"family":"Paula","given":"Geovana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.25248/reas.e24609.2026","URL":"https://doi.org/10.25248/reas.e24609.2026","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204541470","type":"manuscript","title":"PathoMIC: A Benchmark for Cross-Species Antimicrobial Peptide Activity Prediction","abstract":"With activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens and mechanisms distinct from conventional antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer a promising approach to combating antibiotic-resistant infections. However, their potency varies substantially across pathogen species, making accurate prediction of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for specific peptide-pathogen pairs essential for prioritizing candidates before costly experimental validation. Existing predictors are trained mainly on a few well-represented pathogens and rarely exploit biological relationships across species, limiting their generalization to low-resource and unseen pathogens. We introduce PathoMIC, the largest and most pathogen-diverse unified dataset for quantitative antimicrobial peptide activity prediction, containing 74,751 experimentally reported MIC measurements across 424 pathogen species. PathoMIC integrates peptide sequences, standardized MIC values, pathogen descriptions, and taxonomic relationships to facilitate knowledge transfer across related species. We establish few-shot and zero-shot cross-species evaluation protocols and develop a knowledge-enhanced framework that leverages pathogen descriptions and taxonomy. The framework yields substantial improvements for low-resource species with limited supervision, while gains for entirely unseen species remain modest, highlighting the difficulty of zero-shot cross-species MIC prediction. PathoMIC provides a standardized foundation for cross-species activity modeling and pathogen-specific virtual screening. Code is available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/PathoMIC-546D/.","author":[{"family":"Lu","given":"Yeqing"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Xiaoyan"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Fuli"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.48550/arxiv.2608.26228","URL":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.26228","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7201997498","type":"article-journal","title":"Decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors: A hybrid electrification approach for low-carbon cement production","abstract":"The decarbonization of energy-intensive industries, particularly the cement sector, is critical to achieving global climate targets. Cement production contributes approximately 7% of global CO2 emissions, largely due to fossil fuel-powered clinker formation at around 1450 degrees C. Key challenges include heavy reliance on fossil-derived thermal energy, inefficient thermal energy utilization, and process emissions from calcination reactions. This research proposes an integrated decarbonization framework by electrification of the cement-making process and by incorporating green e-hydrogen, on-site wind and solar photovoltaic power generation, and a hybrid energy storage system comprising sodium-ion batteries and a molten carbonate fuel cell. Case studies across three European locations, with diverse renewable energy resources and climatic conditions demonstrate the broad applicability and effectiveness of the proposed system. The results show that a hybrid wind-solar setup could achieve up to a 45% emission reduction compared to the state-of-the-art, showing the system's significant CO2 mitigation potential. The technologies are scalable and adaptable beyond the case study locations offering a general solution to significantly reduce CO2 emissions from cement production. Energy system costs of $252-285/MWh for wind-based systems, $247-272/MWh for hybrid solar-wind configurations, and $249-277/MWh for solar-based systems were achieved by electrifying the cement-making process.","author":[{"family":"Ahmadi","given":"Naime"},{"family":"Das","given":"Sayan"},{"family":"Delawary","given":"Ahmad"},{"family":"Mataloni","given":"Simone"},{"family":"Richter","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Salmelin","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Maria","given":"Luigi"},{"family":"Smith","given":"JL"},{"family":"Passerini","given":"Stefano"},{"family":"Scipioni","given":"Roberto"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2026.142090","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2026.142090","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7203588233","type":"article-journal","title":"Engineering a 3D-structured quaternary ammonium hydrogel as a high-efficiency interfacial barrier for mild steel corrosion in marine environments","abstract":"The development of sustainable, high-performance polymeric barriers is critical for extending the service life of mild steel in chloride-rich environments. This study introduces a novel cross-linked quaternary ammonium-based acrylamide hydrogel (QAAHG), synthesized via free-radical copolymerization of acrylamide (AAm) and (4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride (VBTAC) and evaluates its performance as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Beyond standard inhibition, the hydrogel’s 3D network provides a unique structural framework for the dense orientation of quaternary ammonium groups at the metal-electrolyte interface. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of amide carbonyl and quaternary ammonium C-N functional groups, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the entirely amorphous nature of the hydrogel matrix. At the optimal concentration of 100 ppm, QAAHG achieved inhibition efficiencies of 90.98% (gravimetric) and 93.8% (potentiodynamic polarization), suppressing corrosion current density from 112.2 to 6.95 µA cm⁻² and produced a corrosion potential shift of 69 mV, indicating mixed-type inhibition with a predominant anodic contribution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed a peak impedance inhibition efficiency of 95.3% at 100 ppm, with charge transfer resistance ( R ct ) rising from 438.2 to 9319.1 Ω cm², and a concurrent drop in Constant Phase Element (CPE) from 36.5 to 1.6 µF cm⁻², consistent with the formation of a compact, resistive protective film. Adsorption studies confirm that the process follows the Temkin isotherm model, with a standard free energy of adsorption of -19.64 kJ mol -1 . This value indicates spontaneous physisorption mechanism driven by electrostatic interactions between the cationic hydrogel network and the steel surface. Notably, scanning electron microscopy/ energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) characterization confirmed heterogeneous polymer adsorption and partial barrier film formation, while the observed efficiency threshold at 200 ppm provides new insights into the interfacial aggregation behavior of polyelectrolyte inhibitors. These findings establish QAAHG as a high-efficiency, structurally optimized alternative to conventional small-molecule inhibitors for marine infrastructure.","author":[{"family":"Romeeh","given":"Sherif"},{"family":"Younis","given":"Sherif"},{"family":"Moustafa","given":"Yasser"},{"family":"Abdelaal","given":"M"},{"family":"Bu","given":"Xiangning"},{"family":"Deyab","given":"MA"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-026-66435-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66435-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7166872627","type":"article-journal","title":"Flexible Wind Farm Control: A Review of Wind Power Participation in Future Power Systems","abstract":"Abstract. Conventional wind farm operation, which prioritises power maximisation, is poorly aligned with the evolving requirements of modern power systems, characterised by increased asynchronous generation and reduced dispatchable capacity. This review uses Flexible Wind Farm Control as a term that encompasses control techniques that intentionally modulate wind farm output to better integrate wind energy with the grid. Focusing on European and UK contexts, the review examines how current policy frameworks, market structures, and system-needs are driving demand for new sources of flexibility. A comprehensive review of the literature is presented, covering key application areas of Flexible Wind Farm Control including frequency control, voltage support, fault ride-through, and integration within co-located and hybrid energy systems. Particular attention is given to rotor-side control strategies enabling power set-point tracking, synthetic inertia provision, and reserve-based operation. The review highlights differences in objectives, time scales, and system interactions for Wind Farm Control strategies that prioritise grid support over power maximisation. However, inconsistencies between policy and the recognised role of wind energy in providing flexibility remain clear. At the same time, much of the existing literature relies on simplified modelling approaches, highlighting the need for higher-fidelity models of turbine and farm dynamics, including turbulence, wake effects, and component fatigue, to better asses the performance of Flexible Wind Farm Control strategies. Overall, the literature suggests a persistent gap between policy and the technical capabilities of Flexible Wind Farm Control. Although some policy makers have acknowledged the potential of wind farms to support flexibility, significant work is required to fully identify and implement these capabilities in future power systems. Going forward, increased data availability, higher-fidelity simulation results, and field studies will be essential to establish wind farms as reliable providers of power system flexibility.","author":[{"family":"Todd","given":"Devon"},{"family":"Stock","given":"Adam"},{"family":"Früh","given":"Wolf‐gerrit"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.5194/wes-2026-96","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2026-96","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167406296","type":"article-journal","title":"Multi-scale analysis of hydrogen production via chemical looping reforming: reactor and process design, plant-wide performance assessment and benchmarking","abstract":"The use of low-carbon hydrogen in hard-to-electrify sectors is essential for achieving net-zero targets. This study presents a plant-wide evaluation of chemical looping reforming for low-carbon hydrogen production at 2 MW and 600 MW, with performance compared against scale-relevant benchmark technologies. Using process modelling and simulation, we examine how hydrogen production enabled by packed-bed chemical looping reactors can deliver high thermal efficiency (53%-75%) and in situ carbon capture (90-99%). Three heat-management strategies are proposed to evaluate idealised high-performance layouts and configurations compatible with current hardware. System performance is evaluated under different electricity supply scenarios, with chemical looping reforming showing reduced or potentially net-negative CO 2 emissions when steam export is available. Simplified economics are included to compare relative operating cost performance. Overall, this work provides the first assessment of chemical looping reforming under realistic hardware constraints, demonstrating its potential as a competitive pathway for low-carbon hydrogen production across scales.","author":[{"family":"Pazmiñomayorga","given":"Isabel"},{"family":"Crolla","given":"Luigi"},{"family":"Diamond","given":"Deirdre"},{"family":"Gouraud","given":"Vincent"},{"family":"Wright","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Spallina","given":"Vincenzo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ccst.2026.100655","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2026.100655","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155194338","type":"article-journal","title":"Relationship between Constipation and Cerebral Vasospasm after Aneurysmal Rupture and Bowel Control in Patients with Vasospasm:Findings from a Retrospective Study","abstract":"This study focused on bedside bowel movement-related information obtained during days 0 to 14 after the onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to cerebral aneurysmal rupture, with the aim of examining its potential as a monitoring index for predicting vasospasm onset. This retrospective study covered April 2013 to December 2022. Data collected included age, sex, Hunt and Hess grade, and whether and how radical aneurysm treatment was performed, and patient characteristics were compared between those with and without vasospasm. Among 170 participants, no significant differences were observed in factors related to the gut-brain axis according to the presence of vasospasm. Subsequent descriptive analysis of vasospasm cases during post-SAH days 0 to 14 revealed that patients generally experienced constipation postoperatively while bedridden and received laxatives or bowel-stimulating medications. These findings suggest impaired bowel motility and possible involvement of the gut-brain axis in vasospasm onset. Although no numerically significant differences were demonstrated, the present results indicate a potential relationship between vasospasm and the gut-brain axis, warranting further investigation. J. Med. Invest. 73 : 135-142, February, 2026.","author":[{"family":"Matsuda","given":"Yoshiko"},{"family":"Imai","given":"Yoshie"},{"family":"Inoue","given":"Yuta"},{"family":"Takagi","given":"Yasushi"},{"family":"Shimada","given":"Kenji"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.2152/jmi.73.135","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.73.135","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417399948","type":"article-journal","title":"Energy Finance and Artificial Intelligence for Climate Sustainability and Green Energy Transition","abstract":"The transition to green energy has exposed a pressing financing gap between global sustainability ambitions and capitalism. It is on this basis that this study interrogated the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in energy finance towards accelerating climate sustainability. It inquired into how AI-driven financial systems foster equitable investment in renewable energy while ensuring long- term climate resilience. The study identified inefficient capital allocation and limited predictive tools for assessing climate-related risks as a major problem. Green Finance Theory and Socio-Technical Systems Theory were the theoretical frameworks employed in the study. A mixed-methods approach that combined econometric modelling, scenario simulation, and expert Delphi analysis was used and with it, AI improved capital efficiency by forecasting renewable project viability and optimizing portfolio sustainability scores. The findings suggested that smart financing can reduce financing costs by 18–25% while enhancing climate accountability. It concluded that integrating AI into green finance scenarios bridges innovation and inclusion. The study recommended institutionalizing AI-based risk dashboards and adaptive policy instruments to sustain a just, data- driven green transition.","author":[{"family":"Archibong","given":"Emmanuel"},{"family":"Afeku-Amenyo","given":"Hilda"},{"family":"Horsfall","given":"Livinus"},{"family":"Aweda","given":"Emmanuel"},{"family":"Kingsley-Onyeulo","given":"Oluchi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.59324/ejmeb.2025.2(6).21","URL":"https://doi.org/10.59324/ejmeb.2025.2(6).21","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133658027","type":"article-journal","title":"Influencia de indicadores antropométricos en los niveles de presión arterial en mujeres mexicanas adultas","abstract":"Objective: To determine the influence of anthropometric indicators on blood pressure levels in adult Mexican women. Materials and methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 342 adult women aged 18 years and older. General, anthropometric, and blood pressure data were collected in accordance with international guidelines. Multiple linear regression models and multinomial logistic regression models were analyzed.Results: Body mass index and neck circumference were statistically significant predictors of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < .05), explaining 14.4% of the variance in each model. Neck circumference was associated with high-normal blood pressure and grade I hypertension, while BMI was associated with isolated diastolic hypertension.Conclusions: The findings of the present study show that BMI and CC are significantly associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels in Mexican adult women. Its integration into primary care screening for young women is recommended, in order to facilitate early detection and evidence-based prevention. Keywords: Hypertension; Anthropometry; Women; Social Determinants of Health.","author":[{"family":"Ramirez","given":"Mayra"},{"family":"Valtier","given":"Milton"},{"family":"Rodríguez","given":"Diana"},{"family":"Flores","given":"Jesús"},{"family":"González","given":"Juan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.19136/hs.a25n1.6101","URL":"https://doi.org/10.19136/hs.a25n1.6101","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7203587616","type":"article-journal","title":"Evaluasi Teknis dan Lingkungan Proses Karbonasi Karbon Dioksida dalam Produksi Magnesium Sulfat: Studi Perancangan Pabrik Skala Industri","abstract":"Magnesium sulfat (MgSO4) merupakan garam anorganik tidak berbau dengan rasa pahit-asin yang banyak digunakan dalam industri pertanian, farmasi, dan kertas. Penelitian ini menyajikan prarancangan pabrik magnesium sulfat dengan kapasitas produksi 300.000 ton/tahun untuk memenuhi peningkatan kebutuhan impor di Thailand dan kawasan Asia Tenggara. Pabrik direncanakan didirikan di Kawasan Industri JIIPE, Gresik, Jawa Timur. Magnesium sulfat diproduksi melalui proses karbonasi yang melibatkan magnesium hidroksida, kalsium sulfat, dan karbon dioksida dengan perbandingan molar 1:1:3,21. Reaksi berlangsung dalam reaktor gelembung pada suhu 70–100 °C dan tekanan 1 atm dengan waktu tinggal selama 2 jam. Proses endotermik ini menghasilkan konversi sebesar 93%, rendemen 90%, dan kemurnian produk 99%. Analisis regresi linier memproyeksikan kebutuhan impor Thailand mencapai sekitar 245.922,67 ton pada tahun 2038. Evaluasi ekonomi menunjukkan Total Capital Investment sebesar Rp77,18 triliun, ROI rata-rata 17,77%, POT selama 5 tahun 6 bulan 27 hari, BEP sebesar 20,44%, dan IRR sebesar 9,98%. Dengan demikian, pabrik yang diusulkan dinilai layak secara teknis dan ekonomis.","author":[{"family":"Gunawan","given":"Ragil"},{"family":"Badrudin","given":"Zain"},{"family":"Visca","given":"Rinette"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.38035/jsmd.v4i2.1015","URL":"https://doi.org/10.38035/jsmd.v4i2.1015","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7162129270","type":"article-journal","title":"O papel da enfermagem na prevenção do câncer de colo do útero na atenção primária a saúde","abstract":"O câncer de colo do útero é uma neoplasia maligna que se desenvolve a partir do epitélio do colo uterino, estando associada à infecção persistente por tipos oncogênicos do Papilomavírus Humano. Assim, este trabalho, conduzido como uma revisão integrativa e qualitativa, objetivou-se em analisar a atuação do enfermeiro na prevenção do câncer de colo do útero na atenção primária a saúde, abordando os principais métodos de prevenção. O estudo evidenciou que o câncer de colo do útero é o terceiro câncer mais comum, com risco estimado de cerca de 20 casos a cada 100 mil mulheres. Nesse contexto, o exame citopatológico constitui o método mais eficaz para o rastreamento, permitindo o diagnóstico precoce e tratamento adequado para a doença. Conclui-se que o enfermeiro tem um papel essencial na prevenção do câncer de colo uterino, por meio da implementação de ações educativas que incentivam a vacinação contra o Papilomavírus e a realização do exame preventivo, promovendo a saúde feminina e fortalecendo as estratégias no âmbito da Atenção Primária.","author":[{"family":"Sousa","given":"Amanda"},{"family":"Sousa","given":"Dyorrana"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Karolina"},{"family":"Perondi","given":"Brenda"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.55892/jrg.v9i20.3387","URL":"https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v9i20.3387","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7143296211","type":"article-journal","title":"Role of Inter-Circulation on Performance and Microbial Community of Bioelectromethanogenesis","abstract":"Bioelectromethanogenesis, the microbial conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into methane (CH4) using a cathode, offers a promising route for biogas upgrading and renewable energy storage. The flow field is an essential factor influencing the performance of bioelectromethanogenesis, and the stability and efficiency of the biocathode play important roles in this process. This study systematically investigated the effect of different internal-circulation flow rates on the biocathode initiated without the electric field and the reactor effluent. It was found that the methane production of the biocathode initiated without the electric field was increased by around 30% at an internal-circulation flow rate of 18 mL/min, which was stronger than that of the biocathode initiated by the reactor effluent. The relative content of the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) heme was increased by 4%, while the EPS electron accepting capacity was much higher than that initiated by reactor effluent. Furthermore, the microbial community analysis showed that the functional methanogen on the biocathode initiated without an electric field was Methanosaeta (17%) and Methanobacterium (8%). This study could provide support for the dynamic operation of biogas upgrading in microbial electrolysis cells.","author":[{"family":"Xu","given":"Peng"},{"family":"Quan","given":"Zhi"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Hou"},{"family":"Li","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Xianhuai"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/app16073361","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app16073361","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7154578252","type":"article-journal","title":"Adaptive Decarbonization Model for Russian Non-Ferrous Metallurgy Enterprises","abstract":"This paper proposes an adaptive decarbonization model for the Russian non-ferrous metallurgy sector. The model accounts for the specific structure of the national energy balance (with nuclear and hydropower accounting for up to 40%), existing technological constraints, and regulatory risks, including the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). Based on a comparative analysis of key companies (RUSAL, Norilsk Nickel, and UMMC), an algorithm for the sequential assessment of decarbonization priorities is developed. Its core element is an integrated urgency indicator, which enables the ranking of enterprises according to their sensitivity to carbon-related restrictions. The model aims to minimize potential financial losses arising from external carbon taxation while leveraging the structural competitive advantages of the Russian energy system. The priority in decarbonization in Russia is determined not by the absolute level of technological development or the current carbon intensity of production, but by the degree of exposure to external regulatory and market risks combined with the ability to adapt. It is proven that in the current geopolitical and economic realities, the successful decarbonization of Russian non-ferrous metallurgy is impossible either as exclusively technological modernization or as a passive reaction to external regulatory pressure. The findings indicate that directly adopting international decarbonization strategies developed for the EU and North America (such as the EU Green Deal and CBAM) is ineffective due to fundamental differences in raw material bases, climatic conditions, and logistics.","author":[{"family":"Boguslavskaya","given":"Liudmila"},{"family":"Batova","given":"Olga"},{"family":"Katysheva","given":"Elena"},{"family":"Lyubek","given":"Yulia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/resources15040057","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/resources15040057","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7147212367","type":"article-journal","title":"Inverse Ni/CeCrOx Catalysts for Enhanced Low-Temperature CO2 Methanation","abstract":"Low-temperature methanation technology offers a promising pathway for carbon recycling and sustainable energy storage by enabling near-equilibrium CO2 conversion under atmospheric pressure. However, efficiently activating CO2 at low temperatures remains a significant challenge due to the kinetic limitations of hydrogenation intermediates. We construct a composite oxide–metal interface structure by anchoring highly dispersed CeCrOx nanoclusters onto metallic nickel via an ion-exchange method. This catalyst exhibits superior activity compared to conventional Ni/oxide catalysts with identical composition. Under atmospheric pressure at 220 °C, it achieves nearly 80% CO2 conversion with over 99% methane selectivity and maintains excellent catalytic performance and structural stability during a 240-h continuous test. Systematic characterizations, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, CO2 temperature-programmed desorption, and in situ DRIFTS reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy, reveal that the synergistic modification by CeO2 and Cr2O3 not only optimizes the electronic structure of Ni to promote CO2 adsorption and activation, but also enhances H2 dissociation and intermediate conversion by regulating oxygen vacancy concentration and alkaline site distribution. Mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction follows a synergistic mechanism dominated by the formate pathway and assisted by the CO pathway. Moreover, the interfacial structure effectively stabilizes active sites and inhibits carbon deposition from CH4 decomposition. This study provides a universal and effective strategy for designing Ni-based CO2 conversion catalysts suited for mild reaction conditions and characterized by high energy efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Da"},{"family":"Qi","given":"Haiyu"},{"family":"Lei","given":"Bowen"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Xuan"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Feiyan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ijms27073193","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27073193","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7202285332","type":"article-journal","title":"Effect of Surface Modification of Cu Electrodes by Ag Nanoparticle Spray Coating on the Products and Electrolytic Potential of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction","abstract":"Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) is a promising technology for carbon utilization, yet achieving high product selectivity and long-term stability remains a critical challenge. In this study, we investigated the performance and surface stability of Cu electrodes modified with Ag nanoparticles using a spray-coating method. While a bare Cu reference electrode exhibited an initial starting period dominated by hydrogen evolution before shifting toward hydrocarbon production after two hours, the Ag-spray-coated Cu electrode demonstrated immediate and stable catalytic activity. Electrode potential remained stable throughout the 12 h evaluation, in contrast to the negative shifts observed with the bare Cu electrode. Ambient pressure hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-HAXPES) revealed that while the bare Cu surface remained metallic, the Ag-spray-coated Cu surface existed as Cu2O during the reaction. The enhanced selectivity and stability are attributed to a spillover mechanism, where CO generated on the Ag nanoparticles migrates to adjacent Cu2O sites, inhibiting hydrogen evolution and facilitating efficient reduction to methane and ethylene from the onset of electrolysis. These findings demonstrate that surface modification via nanoparticle spray coating is a highly effective strategy for achieving selective and stable CO2 conversion on bimetallic catalysts.","author":[{"family":"Koike","given":"K"},{"family":"Murakami","given":"Takeharu"},{"family":"Inoue","given":"Kentaro"},{"family":"Ogawa","given":"Takayo"},{"family":"Fujii","given":"Katsushi"},{"family":"Wada","given":"Satoshi"},{"family":"Ogura","given":"Atsushi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/molecules31162803","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31162803","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171638412","type":"article-journal","title":"Kinetic Modeling and Optimization of a Low-Carbon Tri-Generation System Based on Calcium-Looping, Sorption-Enhanced Steam Methane Reforming","abstract":"Combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) tri-generation systems can greatly improve comprehensive energy utilization efficiency thanks to their energy-cascade utilization concept. However, traditional fossil-fuel-based CCHP systems still suffer from intensive carbon emissions, hindering their further development in the current low-carbon scenario. To solve this issue, a new low-carbon CCHP system (LC-CCHP) integrating a calcium-looping, sorption-enhanced steam methane reforming (CL-SE-SMR) unit, a lithium bromide absorption chiller, and a hydrogen gas turbine is proposed in this work, and the corresponding system model is built to evaluate its performance. The proposed system features an innovative architecture that integrates carbon capture directly into the reforming process, which simultaneously enables a high hydrogen yield and low carbon-capture penalty. Moreover, instead of the widely used thermodynamic equilibrium assumption, a detailed kinetic model is employed for the CL-SE-SMR unit, which provides more realistic predictions and greater reference value for practical engineering applications. Then, multi-objective optimization is conducted using a particle swarm optimization algorithm to identify the optimal operating conditions. It is found that the proposed system performs best at a steam-to-carbon molar ratio of 4.37, a calcium-to-carbon mass ratio of 6.23, an air-equivalency molar ratio of 1.39 for a hydrogen gas turbine and a reaction temperature of 600 °C for SE-SMR. Under these operating conditions, the system can achieve a carbon-capture rate of 89.2%, an exergy efficiency of 45.7%, an energy efficiency of 95.4%, and a levelized cost of exergy of 0.109 $/kWh.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Jiale"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Linbo"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Liang"},{"family":"Qi","given":"Shishu"},{"family":"Duan","given":"Yuhan"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Zhenning"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Zhiquan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Siyu"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Ziyue"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/catal16080691","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16080691","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131262151","type":"article-journal","title":"Kohlenstoffmanagement in Baden-Württemberg – Weichenstellungen für Klimaneutralität und Industriestandort : Policy Brief zur Landtagswahl","abstract":"Baden-Württemberg hat sich Klimaneutralität bis 2040 zum Ziel gesetzt. Selbst bei konsequenter Emissionsvermeidung werden in zentralen Industrien wie Zement, Kalk oder Abfallverbrennung langfristig unvermeidbare CO₂-Emissionen verbleiben. Ergänzend zur Emissionsvermeidung braucht das Land daher eine Kohlenstoffmanagement-Strategie, die Abscheidung, Transport, Nutzung und Speicherung von CO₂ gemeinsam in den Blick nimmt. Dieser Policy Brief fasst den aktuellen Stand in Baden-Württemberg zusammen und leitet zentrale Handlungsbedarfe für die nächste Legislaturperiode ab. Für Baden-Württemberg zeigt sich: • Das Land verfügt über relevante Quellen schwer vermeidbarer Emissionen, hat aber bislang weder CO₂-Abscheideanlagen noch ein Transportnetz oder Speicherstätten. • Geologische Speicherpotenziale im Land sind gering; für Klimaneutralität wird voraussichtlich eine Anbindung an überregionale Infrastrukturen und Nordsee-Speicher notwendig. • Die Lage zwischen Frankreich, Schweiz, Österreich und den nordeuropäischen Speicherregionen bietet die Chance, Baden-Württemberg als Knotenpunkt einer grenzüberschreitenden CO₂-Infrastruktur zu etablieren. • Die Bevölkerung kennt Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) bislang kaum; Zustimmung und Skepsis halten sich die Waage. Ohne frühzeitigen, transparenten Dialog drohen Akzeptanzkonflikte. In der kommenden Legislaturperiode müssen zentrale Weichen gestellt werden, damit die notwendige Infrastruktur rechtzeitig entsteht und der Industriestandort Baden-Württemberg gesichert werden kann. Wichtige Aufgaben sind, das Kohlenstoffmanagement klar in die Klima- und Industriestrategie des Landes zu integrieren und strikt auf schwer vermeidbare Emissionen zu begrenzen. Das Land sollte früh entscheiden, ob und unter welchen Bedingungen CO₂-Speicherung im Land möglich sein soll, und parallel die Anbindung an überregionale Netze sichern. Dazu gehört auch, einen strukturierten gesellschaftlichen Dialog mit Kommunen, Industrie, Umweltverbänden und Bürgerschaft aufzubauen, Finanzierungslücken und Geschäftsmodelle gemeinsam mit Bund, EU und Nachbarländern zu adressieren sowie Genehmigungs- und Aufsichtsstrukturen für CO₂-Infrastruktur in Baden-Württemberg zu stärken. Dieser Policy Brief nennt neun konkrete Handlungsoptionen und -bedarfe, um in der nächsten Legislaturperiode die Voraussetzungen für Klimaneutralität bei gleichzeitiger industrieller Stärke zu schaffen.","author":[{"family":"Burghardt","given":"Celia"},{"family":"Dütschke","given":"Elisabeth"},{"family":"Fierke","given":"Moritz"},{"family":"Frank","given":"Leonard"},{"family":"Rosenberg","given":"Sonja"},{"family":"Scherrer","given":"Aline"},{"family":"Sloot","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Späth","given":"Philipp"},{"family":"Wagner","given":"Leonie"},{"family":"Weidlich","given":"Anke"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.6094/unifr/277954","URL":"https://doi.org/10.6094/unifr/277954","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167471051","type":"article-journal","title":"Multi-mode optimization for decentralized power-to-hydrogen system design and management: A municipality-scale case study of Japan","abstract":"The strategy of implementing green hydrogen significantly needs to collaborate with government and private sector. This study proposes a region-specific management design for Japan's hydrogen supply system by assigning each municipality to one of three governance modes: private, public-private partnership (PPP), or governmental. Each management mode is defined by distinct goals—private actors pursue profit, PPPs balance returns with public support, and government operations prioritize price stability. Results show that PPPs consistently act as a flexible middle ground, while high-profit scenarios lead to centralized profit hubs, and subsidy-focused scenarios result in more decentralized, locally profitable systems. The model highlights trade-offs under different hydrogen import cost and price constraints, revealing that low import costs enable greater private participation, whereas high import costs demand more governmental involvement. Additionally, the study evaluates the feasibility of current subsidy schemes, showing that existing budgets can support competitive national prices under certain mode distributions.","author":[{"family":"Carr","given":"Harrison"},{"family":"Ono","given":"Ryoga"},{"family":"Delage","given":"Rémi"},{"family":"Nakata","given":"Toshihiko"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.156216","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.156216","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7202283042","type":"article-journal","title":"Case report: pheochromocytoma presenting as acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction without coronary artery abnormalities","abstract":"Pheochromocytoma can cause various cardiovascular complications, but presenting as acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) without coronary artery abnormalities is rare. We report the case of a young patient to highlight the associated diagnostic challenges. A 26-year-old female presented with acute chest pain, ST-segment elevation, and elevated cardiac enzymes. Coronary angiography revealed no stenosis. She developed severe heart failure with blood pressure variability (ranging from 153/120 mmHg to 60/40 mmHg). Laboratory results showed elevated catecholamine levels, and imaging identified a 9.7×7.6 cm adrenal mass. Histopathology confirmed pheochromocytoma. This case suggests that pheochromocytoma should be considered in young patients presenting with STEMI and heart failure without coronary lesions, particularly when accompanied by blood pressure variability. It offers a systematic differential diagnosis framework for distinguishing pheochromocytoma crisis from Takotsubo syndrome and acute myocarditis in emergency settings.","author":[{"family":"Yi","given":"Jingyuan"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Qianfeng"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Zhihua"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1868268","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1868268","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7161478928","type":"article-journal","title":"Adult Diaper Waste in Landfills: A Critical Review of Systemic Failure and Pragmatic Pathways","abstract":"The increasing use of adult incontinence products, driven by global demographic aging, constitutes a major under-addressed waste stream. Our objective was to address this growing problem through a dedicated critical review focused specifically on adult incontinence product waste. A systematic search (PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar; 2020–2025) following a modified PRISMA framework identified 20 studies for thematic synthesis. We outline the persistent synthetic composition of adult diapers and their predominant landfill disposal due to regulatory and infrastructure deficiencies. Critical evaluation of LCA and recycling studies revealed that no recycling process has yet reached technological maturity. Based on our evaluation, we propose a pragmatic framework encompassing: (1) policy intervention to mandate landfill diversion; (2) public education to promote separate disposal; and (3) investment in scalable thermal treatment technologies such as Waste-to-Energy incineration with Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage and pyrolysis. Robust Extended Producer Responsibility schemes, coupled with innovative global funding mechanisms, are necessary to enable sustainable AHP waste management in developing countries.","author":[{"family":"Issabayeva","given":"Gulnaziya"},{"family":"Wong","given":"Karen"},{"family":"Lim","given":"Boon"},{"family":"Shuit","given":"Siew"},{"family":"Thiam","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Chong","given":"Woon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.55845/joce-2026-41345","URL":"https://doi.org/10.55845/joce-2026-41345","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7196946577","type":"article-journal","title":"The Dyspnea Dilemma: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Associated Myocarditis Mimicking Overlapping Cardiac Pathologies—A Case Report","abstract":"Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as durvalumab improve survival in solid tumors but can rarely cause fulminant myocarditis (reported in 1% of cases, with 25%-40% mortality). Clinical overlap with coronary artery disease (CAD), chemotherapy-related cardiomyopathy, or malignancy-associated complications makes diagnosis challenging. Case Presentation: A 62-year-old woman with gallbladder adenocarcinoma on gemcitabine, cisplatin, and durvalumab presented with 1 week of progressive dyspnea, leg edema, and chest pain. She had a history of portal vein thrombosis on apixaban. On exam, she was tachycardic and hypoxic with signs of volume overload. Labs showed elevated BNP and troponin. EKG revealed lateral T-wave inversions and chest x-ray demonstrated pulmonary edema. Echocardiography showed a large fibrinous pericardial effusion without tamponade and reduced LVEF (41%) with apical wall motion abnormalities. Differentials included ischemia, chemotherapy toxicity, ICI myocarditis, or malignant/hemorrhagic effusion. After a multidisciplinary discussion, anticoagulation was held, and the patient was transfused. Serial echocardiography showed a stable effusion but persistent ST-T changes. Coronary angiography excluded obstructive CAD. Cardiac MRI demonstrated diffuse myocardial edema, most pronounced in apical segments, consistent with myocarditis. Given the temporal relationship to ICI therapy, durvalumab-associated myocarditis was diagnosed. High-dose corticosteroids were initiated with symptomatic improvement. She was discharged on gemcitabine-cisplatin, with durvalumab omitted. Anticoagulation was resumed. Discharge echocardiography showed persistent apical wall motion abnormalities with a small effusion. Conclusion: This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of dyspnea in oncology patients, where multiple cardiac pathologies may coexist. A systematic, multidisciplinary approach-progressing from pericardial evaluation to ischemic work-up to advanced imaging-was crucial for diagnosis. Clinicians should maintain suspicion for ICI myocarditis when new heart failure or wall motion abnormalities occur without obstructive CAD, as early immunosuppressive therapy is critical.","author":[{"family":"Javed","given":"Nismat"},{"family":"Itare","given":"Vikram"},{"family":"Ashraf","given":"Shoaib"},{"family":"Allu","given":"Sai"},{"family":"Jadhav","given":"Preeti"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1155/cric/9654777","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cric/9654777","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7203748398","type":"article-journal","title":"Punctate Palmoplantar Keratoderma Type 1 (PPPK1) Associated with Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN): A Case Report","abstract":"Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type 1 (PPPK1), known as Buschke-Fischer-Brauer syndrome, is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by palmoplantar hyperkeratotic papules. While an association has been proposed between PPPK1 and malignant tumors, it remains controversial and is supported only by limited case reports, including rare associations with pancreatic cancer. To date, no association has been reported with precancerous pancreatic tumors including intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). We present a 67-year-old male presenting with long-standing palmoplantar hyperkeratotic papules. PPPK1 was diagnosed clinically based on the morphology of skin lesions, chronic progressive course, and positive family history of similar findings. Review of the patient's medical records revealed a previously diagnosed pancreatic IPMN. Examination revealed symmetrical hyperkeratotic papules coalescing into plaques over the soles, involving pressure-bearing areas and toes, and multiple discrete punctate hyperkeratotic papules on the palms. History and examination supported the diagnosis of PPPK1. The patient was previously diagnosed with pancreatic IPMN and was following at another tertiary hospital for abdominal imaging. Topical salicylic acid 10% in paraffin was started; however, the patient was lost to follow-up, and the treatment response could not be evaluated. This case highlights an unreported observational association between PPPK1 and pancreatic IPMN. Although a definite relationship cannot be confirmed, this finding adds to the limited literature on pancreatic neoplasms associated with PPPK1. Further studies are needed to confirm this observational association and to determine whether systemic evaluation is routinely required in these patients.","author":[{"family":"Algarzai","given":"Ruba"},{"family":"Almuhaish","given":"Leena"},{"family":"Aljarri","given":"Shadan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.2147/ccid.s634372","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s634372","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163079616","type":"article-journal","title":"An observational study to evaluate the prescription pattern of intravenous acetaminophen used in the cardiovascular hospitalized patients","abstract":"Background: Intravenous (IV) acetaminophen is a potent analgesic and antipyretic agentincreasingly utilized in various hospital settings. While its efficacy in pain management isestablished, its application within the specific population of hospitalized cardiovascular patientswarrants closer examination regarding appropriate prescription practices and adherence toclinical guidelines. The study aimed to evaluate the prescription pattern of intravenousacetaminophen used in cardiovascular hospitalized patients in a referral and teaching hospital inNortheast Iran.Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in a hospital setting and enrolled288 participants, selected through systematic random sampling during 2022–2023. Data weregathered using a structured checklist. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSSStatistics for Windows (Version 22.0; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).Results: In this study, 288 patients were examined. A total of 187 (64.9%) were men. Theaverage age of the patients was 60.03±12.98 years. The frequency of irrational prescription ofacetaminophen among patients at Dr. Heshmat Hospital in Rasht was 4 cases (1.4%). In 6 cases(2%), the incorrect indication for intravenous acetaminophen was observed. In three cases, theindication was not documented, and in one case, lack of proper training was the cause ofinappropriate administration of acetaminophen injection. In 5 cases (1.7%), a prescription dosemismatch was observed.Conclusion: The study shows that although IV acetaminophen is used frequently incardiovascular patients, its prescribing pattern remains inconsistent, particularly in dosing andtreatment duration. Clear IV‑to‑oral conversion guidance and improved education onappropriate therapy duration may help promote more rational use.","author":[{"family":"Gzik","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Mirmansouri","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Ahmadnia","given":"Zahra"},{"family":"Kanani","given":"Gholamreza"},{"family":"Mousavi","given":"Aboozar"},{"family":"Ghafari","given":"Mohamad"},{"family":"Jafari","given":"Marziye"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.66224/mejncd.1.1.5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.66224/mejncd.1.1.5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7166739700","type":"article-journal","title":"Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effects of Cress Seed (Lepidium sativum) Extracts Prepared in Different Solvent Systems","abstract":"The global rise in antibiotic resistance necessitates the discovery of novel and effective natural antimicrobial agents. In this context, this study was conducted to determine the biological potential of cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds, known for their therapeutic properties, by comparatively evaluating the antimicrobial efficacy of extracts obtained via Soxhlet extraction using methanol and hexane solvents. The activities of the extracts, prepared at concentrations of 30, 15, and 6 mg/mL, were analyzed against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, and various Candida species using the disc diffusion method in accordance with CLSI standards. Research findings revealed that while the methanol extract remained ineffective against bacterial species and showed limited antifungal activity against certain yeast species, the hexane extract exhibited a significantly more pronounced and broad-spectrum inhibition against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as yeast species, in a concentration-dependent manner. In conclusion, it was determined that solvent polarity plays a decisive role in the extraction of bioactive components and antimicrobial efficacy, with non-polar hexane being more successful in recovering lipophilic components. These data indicate that the L. sativum hexane extract is a potential candidate for the development of natural antimicrobial agents and provides a strong foundation for further isolation studies.","author":[{"family":"Veyisoğlu","given":"Aysel"},{"family":"Tatar","given":"Demet"},{"family":"Tokatlı","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Duyar","given":"Hünkar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.56430/japro.1926243","URL":"https://doi.org/10.56430/japro.1926243","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171619536","type":"article-journal","title":"Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Pathogens Causing Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital","abstract":"Background: Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are important device-associated infections among critically ill patients. The causative organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns vary between institutions. However, institution-specific data regarding bacterial CLABSIs among adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients in central India remain limited. This study evaluated the occurrence, bacterial profile, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of CLABSIs among clinically suspected adult ICU patients with central venous catheters (CVCs). Materials and methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the adult ICU of Index Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, India, from January 2024 to December 2025. A total of 245 consecutively enrolled patients aged >18 years with a CVC in place for >48 hours and clinical suspicion of having a bloodstream infection were included. Blood specimens were obtained aseptically from peripheral veins and CVCs. Blood-culture bottles were processed using the BacT/ALERT 3D automated system, and positive cultures were subcultured onto blood agar and MacConkey agar. Bacterial isolates were presumptively identified using standard biochemical tests and further identified to the species level using the VITEK 2 Compact system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method, while colistin susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution, and vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by VITEK 2. Results were interpreted according to the CLSI 2024. Results: Among the 245 ICU patients included in the study, 35 (14.29%) were confirmed to have CLABSI, whereas 210 (85.71%) were CLABSI-negative. The overall CLABSI rate was 13.70 episodes per 1,000 catheter-days. Among positive cases, 23 (65.7%) were male and 12 (34.3%) were female. Most cases occurred in patients aged 61-80 years, and the Cardiac Care Unit had the highest positivity rate. Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) accounted for 26 (74.3%) isolates and Gram-positive cocci (GPC) accounted for nine (25.7%). Among GNB, Klebsiella pneumoniae comprised eight (22.9%) isolates, followed by Acinetobacter baumannii 7 (20.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5 (14.3%), Escherichia coli 5 (14.3%), and Proteus mirabilis 1 (2.9). Among GPC, Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 7 (20.0%) and Enterococcus faecalis 2 (5.7). GNB isolates showed resistance, including to carbapenems, but susceptibility to colistin. All GPC were susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, and rifampicin. Among seven Staphylococcus aureus isolates, four (57.1%%) were cefoxitin-resistant and were classified as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusions: CLABSIs continue to be notable healthcare-associated infections among ICU patients with CVCs, affecting 35 (14.29%) of the 245 patients included in the study. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii, underscores the necessity for ongoing microbiological surveillance, ICU-specific antibiograms, stringent infection control measures, judicious empirical antibiotic therapy, antimicrobial stewardship, and prompt removal of superfluous central lines to mitigate the incidence of CLABSIs. They may support the development of local ICU-specific antibiograms and institutional infection-control and antimicrobial-stewardship policies.","author":[{"family":"Areeb","given":"Mohd"},{"family":"Karicheri","given":"Ramanath"},{"family":"Pathak","given":"Pushpendra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.7759/cureus.113548","URL":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.113548","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406763175","type":"article-journal","title":"Developing E-Methane Value Chain and Proper Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Accounting Rules Incentivizing Recycled Carbon Fuels","abstract":"Many countries and industries in the world are aiming to transition to a carbon neutral society. One of the means to achieve this is the use of recycled carbon fuels (RCFs) such as e-methane. Feasibility of an international value chain is being studied in a variety of regions. In particular, with regard to e-methane, demonstration projects are progressing in several regions around the world as well as feasibility studies of cross-border value chain of e-methane. Ideally, e-methane production sites should be located to secure abundant and inexpensive hydrogen and CO2 as feedstocks, besides close to natural gas transmission pipelines, liquefaction facilities, and easily accessible to LNG exporting terminals. In order to stimulate investment in commercialization, development of internationally applicable GHG accounting rules is need at first. It is essential that the CO2 emitted in combustion is recognized under international accounting rules as having environmental value attribute that does not increase CO2 in the atmosphere. As one of the examples, the Japan Gas Association and related organizations have developed a certification scheme called “Clean Gas Certificate” and has applied it to several domestic e-methane production projects in Japan. For the transition period (2030-2050), the use of recycled CO2 captured from factories and thermal power plants emissions are expected to be major feedstock. We propose GHG calculation and accounting method in consideration of avoiding double counting of recycled CO2 in the entire supply chain. A calculation formula of the carbon footprint (CFP) of e-methane was proposed to one of the ISO’s working groups and it was successfully included in the ISO 6338-1:2024. Next, it is necessary to harmonize the proposed methods with internationally common GHG accounting rules.","author":[{"family":"Kuzuki","given":"Ryota"},{"family":"Kohara","given":"Mitsuhiro"},{"family":"Kizuki","given":"Noboru"},{"family":"Yoshida","given":"Satoshi"},{"family":"Nezasa","given":"Yuta"},{"family":"Tsuji","given":"Yuki"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.55708/js0401002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.55708/js0401002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204042709","type":"article-journal","title":"THE GREEN GOLD: ALGAE'S ECONOMIC ROLE IN CLIMATE-SMART TECHNOLOGIES, SMART FARMING AND THE BLUE REVOLUTION, A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW (2000–2025)","abstract":"Algae comprise a highly diverse group of photosynthetic organisms with expanding relevance across the global bioeconomy. This systematic review synthesizes 25 years (2000–2025) of peer-reviewed and institutional evidence on the economic and technological role of algae across three interrelated domains: climate-smart technologies (bioenergy, carbon capture and utilization, and biorefinery integration), smart farming (nitrogen-fixing biofertilizers, biostimulants, phycoremediation and precision-agriculture integration), and the Blue Revolution (aquaculture feed, seaweed cultivation and marine bioproducts). Following a PRISMA-guided search of four databases, 307 sources met the eligibility criteria and were retained for synthesis. The review finds consistent evidence that microalgae exhibit substantially higher per-area CO2 fixation and biomass productivity than terrestrial crops, that cyanobacterial biofertilizers measurably improve rice and cereal yields while reducing synthetic nitrogen use, and that algae-based feed and seaweed cultivation underpin a rapidly growing share of global aquaculture output. At the same time, the evidence base shows that commercial deployment remains constrained by high production costs, low technologyreadiness levels for several applications, and fragmented regulatory frameworks across jurisdictions. The review concludes by outlining priority research and policy directions needed to translate algae's demonstrated technical potential into a scalable, cost-competitive contribution to climate mitigation, agriculture and food-systems policy over 2025–2035.","author":[{"family":"Ahsan","given":"Ammara"},{"family":"Hanif","given":"Uzma"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Zaheer"},{"family":"Bilal","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Shahzad","given":"Tahir"},{"family":"Haral","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.65014/ijbb.v23iii.02","URL":"https://doi.org/10.65014/ijbb.v23iii.02","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167829889","type":"article-journal","title":"Short-term emission pathways in India’s iron and steel sector: A hybrid framework combining quantitative methods and bottom-up modelling","abstract":"This study presents a hybrid assessment framework to quantify current greenhouse gas emissions and evaluate decarbonization pathways for India's iron and steel industry up to 2030. The framework establishes a sectoral emissions baseline and examines the impact of alternative mitigation scenarios, providing a foundation for long-term decarbonization planning beyond 2030. The industry was categorized into two segments: major integrated steel producers, representing more than 57% of national crude steel output, and other producers, comprising predominantly electric-route and small-to-medium-scale operations. Emission intensity estimates for major producers were derived from reported production and emissions data, whereas emissions from other producers were assessed using a bottom-up, process-based estimation. The study estimated the baseline emission intensity for financial year 2023-24 at 2.31 tCO₂/tcs, with major producers averaging 2.53 tCO₂/tcs and other (secondary) producers operating at a lower intensity of 2.02 tCO₂/tcs. Six scenarios were modelled through 2030, revealing that a combination of 30% scrap use and 50% renewable electricity offer the most effective short-term mitigation, reducing intensity to 1.66 tCO₂/tcs. While emissions from major producers remain largely stable, most reductions are driven by secondary producers, highlighting their greater decarbonization potential. Despite these improvements in carbon intensity, projected growth in steel production is expected to increase total sectoral emissions by approximately 20–74% by 2030, depending on the scenario considered.","author":[{"family":"Nayak","given":"Avijit"},{"family":"Nc","given":"Nayak"},{"family":"Sahu","given":"Binod"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.epm.2026.07.001","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epm.2026.07.001","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204008035","type":"article-journal","title":"Predicting CO₂ adsorption in Cu- and Zn-metal-organic frameworks using a permutation-invariant deep learning framework","abstract":"A deep-learning framework that predicts CO 2 uptake in Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been proposed. MOFs are promising material adsorbents for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capture due to their tunable porosity and surface chemistry. However, their wide range of structural variation rendering experimental screening laborious if not impractical. The proposed framework combines string-based chemical descriptors (SMILES and SELFIES, with one-hot and ordinal encodings) with physical descriptors (pore-limiting diameter, largest cavity diameter, gravimetric and volumetric surface areas, void fraction, topology, and catenation), and incorporating a permutation-invariant aggregator over multiple MOFs linkers. Three deep learning architectures: Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) were trained and evaluated on the Cu-MOF and Zn-MOF subsets of the MOFX-DB database. The statistical differences in predictive accuracy were assessed using the Diebold–Mariano (DM) test. Chemical descriptors alone yielded coefficient of determination R² below 14% because three-dimensional structural information is lost in string encodings but combining SMILES one-hot encoding with physical descriptors increased R² to 87.07–87.90% for Cu-MOF and 83.50–83.61% for Zn-MOF, with the permutation-invariant aggregator contributing significant improvement gains (from 1% up to 14%). DM testing showed that, for Cu-MOF, the three architectures are statistically equivalent, whereas for Zn-MOF MLP and CNN significantly outperformed LSTM. Training on a combined multi-pressure dataset (0.01–2.5 bar) further improved performance to R² ≥ 0.976. Case-study isotherm reconstructions of hMOF structures yielded R² = 0.9927 for a Cu-MOF (hMOF-5077787) and R² = 0.9991 with average relative errors below 3% above 0.05 bar for Zn-MOF. The results demonstrated the proposed framework application as a rapid screening tool across realistic operating conditions for post-combustion CO 2 capture.","author":[{"family":"Fatriansyah","given":"Jaka"},{"family":"Safa","given":"Rayhan"},{"family":"Khintani","given":"Sharen"},{"family":"Krisdiawan","given":"Andiko"},{"family":"Pradana","given":"Agrin"},{"family":"Oktavian","given":"Rama"},{"family":"Setiawan","given":"Agus"},{"family":"Ediati","given":"Ratna"},{"family":"Surip","given":"Siti"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.103167","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.103167","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167268990","type":"article-journal","title":"Performance Evolution of Carbonated Alkali-activated Slag Paste Under Marine Environment","abstract":"To address the global challenges of waste valorization and climate change mitigation, alkali-activated slag (AAS) is used as a sustainable alternative binder to produce low-carbon concrete. However, the low hydraulic reactivity and slow early-age strength development of AAS limit its practical use in marine civil engineering. This research examined the impact of synergy between carbonation curing and marine exposure on the mechanical properties and durability of AAS pastes. The findings indicated a synergistic enhancement and resistance to chloride-ion erosion in carbonated AAS pastes, with a 24-hour carbonated specimen achieving a strength of 42 MPa compared to the 6-hour specimen (12.7 MPa) after 28 days of corrosion. This was attributed to the combined effects of carbonation and chloride-ion penetration, which not only reduced porosity, free chloride ions, and pH but also refined the pore structure. The reduced porosity facilitated the progressive development of calcite in the paste matrix, thereby encapsulating non-carbonated particles within the densified matrix, enhancing the stability of C-S-H gels and promoting the formation of Friedel's salt. Overall, carbonated AAS pastes exhibited stable CO2 sequestration capacity, remarkable stability, and corrosion resistance in marine environments, indicating that they are well-suited for marine civil engineering applications.","author":[{"family":"Ndzila","given":"Jaures"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Zhengxian"},{"family":"Li","given":"Kang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3151/jact.24.382","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3151/jact.24.382","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410815568","type":"article-journal","title":"Phase II study evaluating olutasidenib in patients with IDH1 -mutated clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance or lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes/chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.","abstract":"TPS6585 Background: Observational studies have demonstrated that individuals with clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) involving high-risk mutations, such as IDH1 , are more likely to transform to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with one study showing a progression rate of 100% in IDH1/2 -mutated patients after 5 years of follow-up. However, there are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved strategies for the prevention of hematologic malignancies in the setting of CCUS. IDH1 mutations are detected in 3-4% of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). Despite the safety and efficacy of IDH1 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia and the recent FDA approval of ivosidenib for relapsed/refractory IDH1 -mutated MDS, no IDH1-directed therapies are approved in lower-risk, treatment-naïve MDS/CMML. Olutasidenib, an FDA-approved oral, highly selective, potent inhibitor of mutant IDH1, is well-tolerated, non-cytotoxic and effective, with overall response rates in relapsed/refractory AML of 48% as monotherapy. We consequently hypothesize olutasidenib to be effective in both improving hematologic parameters and decreasing the risk of progression to high-risk MDS/CMML and AML in IDH1 -mutated patients. Methods: This multicenter investigator-initiated study under the MDACC-Rigel Research Alliance is a phase II single-arm study evaluating the efficacy of olutasidenib monotherapy in patients with IDH1 -mutated CCUS or lower-risk MDS/CMML. Eligibility includes adult patients with acceptable organ function and confirmed IDH1 mutation with CCUS (by World Health Organization criteria) or lower-risk MDS/CMML (by Revised International Prognostic Scoring System [IPSS-R] and Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System [IPSS-M] criteria). The primary objective of the study is to determine the response rate by International Working Group 2018 criteria. Secondary objectives include rates of transfusion independence, safety and tolerability, overall survival, progression-free survival, duration of response, rates of leukemic transformation, and changes in IDH1 clone size. All patients will receive olutasidenib 150 mg orally twice daily. CCUS patients will receive up to 18 months of olutasidenib, while lower-risk MDS/CMML patients can receive olutasidenib indefinitely. Response assessments will be performed approximately every 3 months for the first year, then yearly thereafter. Once off treatment, survival follow-up will occur every 3 months for 3 years. The goal enrollment is 15 total patients with at least 8 CCUS patients across 5-6 centers in the United States. The study was activated and enrollment began in December 2024. Clinical trial information: NCT06566742 .","author":[{"family":"Chien","given":"Kelly"},{"family":"Ramdial","given":"Jeremy"},{"family":"Qiao","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Romero","given":"LM"},{"family":"Montalbanbravo","given":"Guillermo"},{"family":"Short","given":"Nicholas"},{"family":"Issa","given":"Ghayas"},{"family":"Ravandikashani","given":"Farhad"},{"family":"Daver","given":"Naval"},{"family":"Kadia","given":"Tapan"},{"family":"Kantarjian","given":"Hagop"},{"family":"Garcia-Manero","given":"Guillermo"},{"family":"Dinardo","given":"Courtney"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.tps6585","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.tps6585","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417225677","type":"article-journal","title":"Deciphering the Post-Operative Dynamics of Opportunistic Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Patients","abstract":"Recent studies indicate that opportunistic gut bacteria contribute to the recurrence and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, their fate after surgical resection remains poorly understood. This study investigated the longitudinal changes in these bacteria and assessed their potential persistence following CRC surgery. Forty fecal samples were collected from ten CRC patients at four timepoints: (1) pre-surgery (S); (2) one week (S1); (3) one month (S2); and (4) three months (S3) post-surgery. Fifteen other fecal samples were collected from healthy individuals as our study controls. Microbial profiling was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and quantitative PCR was applied to assess the changes in three opportunistic bacteria associated with CRC-associated. Our study revealed that Escherichia coli was significantly enriched in pre-surgical samples (S), while Enterococcus faecalis was predominant in the samples collected one-week after surgery (S1). All the assessed species showed a gradual post-surgical decline in relative abundance, suggesting they do not persist after resection. Additionally, there was a significant increase in relative abundance of beneficial bacterial signatures, including Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides uniformis, Parabacteroides merdae, and Phascolarctobacterium faecium post-surgery, which implies a potential dysbiosis restoration. Our findings suggest that surgical resection gradually reduces the burden of opportunistic gut microbiota, thus gradually lowering the risk of recurrence and chemoresistance. Additionally, it may facilitate the restoration of beneficial taxa. Future studies should include extended follow-up periods to validate our findings and their correlation with clinical outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Kenneth","given":"Mutebi"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Chuan‐yin"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Chin‐chia"},{"family":"Hsieh","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Lai","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Hsu","given":"Bing‐mu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/microorganisms13122818","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13122818","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407187351","type":"article-journal","title":"An Overview of Light-Assisted CO2 Cycloaddition for Cyclic Carbonate: Paths of Photo-Induced Thermal-Catalysis, Photocatalysis and Photo-Thermal Synergistic Catalysis","abstract":"Review An Overview of Light-Assisted CO2 Cycloaddition for Cyclic Carbonate: Paths of Photo-Induced Thermal-Catalysis, Photocatalysis and Photo-Thermal Synergistic Catalysis Bin Zhu 1, Qichao Cao 1, Xin Ding 1,*, and Xiaolong Yang 1,2,* 1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 NingXia Road, Qingdao 266071, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Bio-Based Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, 308 NingXia Road, Qingdao 266071, China * Correspondence: dingxin@qdu.edu.cn (X.D.); yangxl@qdu.edu.cn (X.Y.) Received: 4 November 2024; Revised: 6 January 2024; Accepted: 22 January 2025; Published: 6 February 2026 Abstract: The increase of CO2 concentration significantly results in severe greenhouse effect. Reducing emission and chemically utilizing CO2 are effective means to solve this problem. CO2 cycloaddition reaction with epoxide is atomically economical and environmentally friendly. However, current catalytic systems still have a long way to go for high catalytic efficiency under mild conditions. Solar energy has demonstrated excellent characteristics in direct photothermal utilization, photocatalytic reactions, and photoelectrochemical reactions recently. Therefore, herein this review summarizes the research work on solar energy mediated CO2 cycloaddition reactions in the past decade. Firstly, the heat generated by photothermal effects is confined to the local space and can be more effectively absorbed by reaction molecules for efficient reactions, greatly reducing the energy consumption of traditional thermal reactions. CO2 cycloaddition with carbon-based materials, polyoxometalates (POM), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and ionic liquids (ILs) as catalysts are reviewed and analyzed; Secondly, semiconductor exhibit high activity due to activation of reactants by photogenerated charges and holes. Single atom catalysts, composites, atomic clusters, MOFs, COFs, Porous organic polymers (POPs), and others used in such reaction are reviewed and analyzed; Finally, the solar light mediated photothermal synergistic catalysis and the reaction system of light and external heating synergy are introduced and analyzed. Last but not least, some issues in the development of solar energy mediated CO2 cycloaddition reactions are analyzed and discussed, and future research prospects are proposed on this basis.","author":[{"family":"Zhu","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Qichao"},{"family":"Ding","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Yanng","given":"Xiaolong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.53941/see.2025.100001","URL":"https://doi.org/10.53941/see.2025.100001","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415854387","type":"article-journal","title":"A Techno-Economic Approach to Optimizing CCS Fiscal Parameters in Indonesia: A Case Study of Integrated Oil and Gas Development in CO2-Rich Areas","abstract":"This study introduces a techno-economic approach to optimizing storage fees for CCS integrated with oil and gas development. The analysis adopts the production sharing contract cost recovery model in accordance with the implementation of Ministerial Regulation of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 16 of 2024, which addresses CCS-related parameters. Technical assessment confirms the studied reservoir’s suitability for long-term CO₂ injection through 5 injection wells, while oil and gas development are supported by 10 oil wells and 8 gas wells. The project’s economic viability under baseline conditions shows an IRR of 10.14% and POT of 15.73 years. Sensitivity analysis across fiscal parameters, such as investment credit, FTP, contractor split, CCS service fee and storage fee, CAPEX, royalty, and tax, identifies the storage fee as the most influential factor for viability. To achieve a commercially viable IRR of 15%, the project requires a minimum CCS service fee of 55 US$/MT and a storage fee of at least 35 US$/MT. The study underscores the need for clear regulations on fiscal incentives, CO₂ pricing, storage fees, and PSC integration to enhance CCS economic viability, while also offering a replicable framework for CO₂ assessments under dynamic fiscal regimes.","author":[{"family":"Ramadhani","given":"Najeela"},{"family":"Irawan","given":"Dedy"},{"family":"Sudono","given":"Sudono"},{"family":"Aziz","given":"Prasandi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.29017/scog.v48i3.1809","URL":"https://doi.org/10.29017/scog.v48i3.1809","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409350311","type":"article-journal","title":"Enhancing Hospital Services: Achieving High Quality Under Resource Constraints","abstract":"Objectives: This research aims to enhance the quality of hospital services by utilizing Quality Function Deployment (QFD) with a novel Multi-Dimensional House of Quality (MD-HOQ) approach. This method integrates Service Quality (SERVQUAL) analysis and considers resource constraints, such as financial and workforce limitations, to select and prioritize technical requirements effectively. Methods: The proposed MD-HOQ approach was applied to a private hospital in Tehran, Iran. Data were gathered from a sample of 8 experts and a sample of 386 patients, using 2 in-depth interviews and 4 questionnaires. The process included identifying hospital sections and determining their importance using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Patients' needs in each section were then identified and weighted through SERVQUAL analysis. Subsequently, technical requirements to meet these needs were listed and weighted using MD-HOQ. A mathematical model was employed to determine the optimal set of technical requirements under resource constraints. Results: Application of the MD-HOQ approach resulted in the identification of 50 patient needs across 5 hospital sections. Additionally, 40 technical requirements were identified. The highest implementation priorities were assigned to \"training practitioners and nurses,\" \"improving the staff's sense of responsibility,\" and \"using experienced specialists, physicians, and surgeons.\" Conclusions: The integrated QFD approach, utilizing MD-HOQ and SERVQUAL analysis, provides a comprehensive framework for hospital managers to prioritize technical requirements effectively. By considering resource constraints and the gap between patient expectations and perceptions, this method ensures that resources are allocated to the most impactful technical requirements, leading to improved patient satisfaction and better overall hospital service quality. This approach not only enhances the quality of hospital services but also ensures efficient utilization of resources, ultimately benefiting patient satisfaction.","author":[{"family":"Beheshtinia","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Fathi","given":"Masood"},{"family":"Ghobakhloo","given":"Morteza"},{"family":"Mubarak","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1177/11786329251331311","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786329251331311","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414672561","type":"article-journal","title":"Toward sustainable hydrogen production from renewable energy sources: a review","abstract":"Abstract The escalating global pursuit of environmentally benign energy alternatives has spurred intensive investigations into sustainable hydrogen generation technologies. Although hydrogen energy can be produced via multiple approaches, the integration of nanotechnology materials in its generation results in its production improvements and efficiency of the production methods. Nanotechnology, with its astonishing ability to control materials at the atomic and molecular scale, has emerged as a vital technology for improving the efficiency and affordability of hydrogen production from renewable energy sources. This technology provides a unique platform for creating materials with specific properties for energy conversion and storage. Nanotechnology is accelerating the transition to a hydrogen economy by boosting hydrogen production efficiency and storage. Its applications span from enhancing water-splitting catalysts to developing advanced membranes and photocatalysts. These nanomaterial-based innovations are crucial for producing clean hydrogen and its effective storage. Nevertheless, nanotechnology highlights the significant role of nanomaterials in overcoming the kinetic challenges associated with hydrogen evolution reactions, which can be attained through several features like increased surface area, enhanced catalytic activity, and improved charge transfer. Therefore, this study explores the latest advancements in nanomaterials and their catalytic impact on hydrogen generation, particularly in photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and photoelectrochemical systems. The study has examined the nanomaterials' production, characterization, and performance, their integration into renewable energy systems, and their potential for widespread commercial use.","author":[{"family":"Shayo","given":"Godfrey"},{"family":"Mpelwa","given":"Musa"},{"family":"Elimbinzi","given":"Elianaso"},{"family":"Shao","given":"Godlisten"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s42269-025-01361-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-025-01361-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412606521","type":"article-journal","title":"New flow simulation framework for underground hydrogen storage modelling considering microbial and geochemical reactions","abstract":"The widespread use of hydrogen as an energy source relies on efficient large-scale storage techniques. Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS) is a promising solution to balance the gap between renewable energy production and constant energy demand. UHS employs geological structures like salt caverns, depleted reservoirs, or aquifers for hydrogen storage, enabling long-term and scalable storage capacity. Therefore, robust and reliable predictive tools are essential to assess the risks associated with geological hydrogen storage. This paper presents a novel reactive transport model called “Underground Gas Flow simulAtions with Coupled bio-geochemical reacTions” or “UGFACT”, designed for various gas injection processes, accounting for geochemical and microbial reactions. The flow module and geochemical reactions in the UGFACT model were verified against two commercial reservoir simulators, E300 and CMG-GEM, showing excellent agreement in fluid flow variables and geochemical behaviour. A major step forward of this model is to integrate flow dynamics, geochemical reactions and microbial activity. UGFACT was used to conduct a simple storage cycle in a 1D geometry across three different reservoirs, each with different mineralogies and water compositions: Bentheimer sandstone, Berea sandstone, and Grey Berea sandstone, under three microbial conditions (“No Reaction”, “Moderate Rate”, “High Rate”). The findings suggest that Bentheimer sandstone and Berea sandstone sites may experience severe effects from ongoing microbial and geochemical reactions, whereas Grey Berea sandstone shows no significant H 2 loss. Additionally, the model predicts that under the high-rate microbial conditions, the hydrogen consumption rate can reach to as much as 11 mmol of H 2 per kilogram of water per day ( m m o l / k g · d a y ) driven by methanogenesis and acetogenesis.","author":[{"family":"Shojaee","given":"A"},{"family":"Ghanbari","given":"Saeed"},{"family":"Wang","given":"G"},{"family":"Gregory","given":"Simon"},{"family":"Dopffel","given":"Nicole"},{"family":"Mackay","given":"Eric"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150453","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150453","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416517462","type":"article-journal","title":"Reliable design and optimization of SRP-, CFRP-, and GFRP-confined concrete: experimental validation and cost-effectiveness analysis","abstract":"Abstract The external confinement of concrete columns using Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) and Steel Reinforced Polymer (SRP) systems has emerged as a highly effective retrofitting technique for improving structural performance. This paper introduces newly developed predictive and design models for the compressive strength and ultimate strain of concrete confined with SRP, Carbon FRP (CFRP), and Glass FRP (GFRP). Making use of extensive experimental datasets, robust predictive equations are derived, and design equations are formulated using the “design assisted by testing” methodology outlined in Annex D of Eurocode 0 (EN 1990:2023), ensuring reliability and accuracy. The study highlights key differences in confinement mechanisms and failure modes across materials, with newly calibrated design equations offering practical applicability for a wide range of structural retrofitting scenarios. A comparative optimization analysis is also presented, evaluating the cost-effectiveness of SRP, CFRP, and GFRP systems for both strength enhancement and strain increment. This analysis provides engineers with actionable insights for selecting the most suitable material based on performance requirements and budget constraints. The findings represent a significant advancement toward unified, reliable, and economically viable design equations for enhancing the strength and ductility of reinforced concrete elements. This work promotes the broader adoption of SRP, CFRP, and GFRP systems by providing economically viable and reliable tools for practice.","author":[{"family":"Monti","given":"Giorgio"},{"family":"Napoli","given":"Annalisa"},{"family":"Realfonzo","given":"Roberto"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1617/s11527-025-02871-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-025-02871-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410717369","type":"article-journal","title":"Investigation of different caprock morphologies on CO2 leakage and solubility trapping mechanism","abstract":"A thorough understanding of subsurface formation zones is critical for safe and long-term storage using CO₂ geological sequestration (CGS). A major concern in CGS is the risk of CO₂ leakage due to plume migration through structural faults and cracks in the caprock. This research investigates the effects of caprock morphologies on CO₂ plume migration, solubility trapping, and leakage risks using multiphase multicomponent reactive transport simulations. Three synthetic domains with varying caprock morphologies are modelled, incorporating geological subsurface features. The study reveals that the presence of cracks significantly impacts CO₂ entrapment and leakage. In the current analysis outcomes, in comparison between the synthetic domain-1 and - 2, due to the presence of an anticline structure in synthetic domain-1 reduced sweeping efficiency by 25%, which in turn influenced solubility trapping, with leakage recorded 15% lower in synthetic domain-2 compared to domain-1. In contrast, synthetic domain-3, based on the Deccan traps stairsteps morphology, showed 30% less leakage despite injecting 21.6 Mt of CO₂, compared to the 18.9 Mt injected into domains 1 and 2. This is due to the enhanced CO₂ plume migration through stairstep traps in the lateral direction, which promoted primary trapping followed by solubility trapping. The findings highlight the importance of geological structures in determining CO₂ migration patterns, sweeping efficiency, and leakage risks, contributing to the optimization of CO₂ storage strategies. These insights are critical for addressing gaps in CGS implementation and ensuring the safe and efficient sequestration of CO₂ over the long term.","author":[{"family":"Punnam","given":"Pradeep"},{"family":"Tatavarthi","given":"Venkata"},{"family":"Surasani","given":"Vikranth"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-03416-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03416-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416122736","type":"article-journal","title":"Perspective on sustainable strategies for integrating catalytic CO2 valorization in industrial processes: advances, challenges, and opportunities","abstract":"Abstract This perspective paper explores the pivotal intersection of sustainability, industrial processes, and catalytic CO 2 valorization. Industrial activities contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, necessitating a shift towards positioning CO 2 as a valuable resource rather than a pollutant. Catalytic valorization not only mitigates emissions but also fosters a circular economy by using CO 2 as carbon pool for fuels and chemical synthesis. This perspective highlights recent advances, emerging technologies, and economic considerations in CO 2 valorization, emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration. It evaluates economic viability, identifies challenges, and underscores the importance of infrastructure, market acceptance, and regulatory frameworks. As industries pursue sustainability, CO 2 valorization offers a transformative solution for a greener industrial landscape.","author":[{"family":"González-Arias","given":"Judith"},{"family":"Villorapicó","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Reina","given":"Tomás"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44344-025-00022-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44344-025-00022-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408319870","type":"article-journal","title":"Ideal Molecular Sieving with a Dense MOF for Helium Upgrading with Highly Diffusion Selective Mixed Matrix Membranes","abstract":"Abstract Helium is one of the most critical resources of this planet, as it is a finite resource, cannot be produced from radioactive decay and escapes the atmosphere, while being extraordinarily important for high‐tech applications in research and medicine. A concept of using the “dense” metal–organic framework (MOF) MIL‐116(Ga) as a molecular sieve specifically allowing diffusion of He is demonstrated. Incorporating up to 20 wt.% MIL‐116(Ga) into polysulfone, a chemically stable, mechanically robust, and commercially available polymer, high‐performance mixed matrix membranes are fabricated and tested in gas permeation. The membranes reach He permeabilities up to 37.4. Barrer and He/CH 4 selectivity of 1190, mimicking He concentration of 4% of a natural gas reservoir. With increasing filler content, the permeability of He increases, while CH 4 permeability decreases. Microstructural analysis of the MIL‐116(Ga) reveals that the crystals grew into druse‐like hollow crystals, highly beneficial for fast He permeability. CH 4 , N 2 , and CO 2 cannot enter the crystal, as proven by sorption experiments, providing high diffusional selectivity. Furthermore, polymer filler interactions are investigated by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy demonstrating ideal compatibility. The performance is benchmarked to existing composite materials and polymers, where MIL‐116(Ga)‐formate stands out with extraordinary membrane performance.","author":[{"family":"Komal","given":"Ayisha"},{"family":"Calderónrodríguez","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Smirnova","given":"Oksana"},{"family":"Grossmann","given":"Eren"},{"family":"Varghese","given":"A"},{"family":"Alvarez","given":"Karen"},{"family":"Schneemann","given":"Andreas"},{"family":"Hoyer","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Wyrwa","given":"Ralf"},{"family":"Schacher","given":"Felix"},{"family":"Knebel","given":"Alexander"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202423999","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423999","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411965931","type":"article-journal","title":"Decarbonizing the Dutch industrial sector: between maintaining domestic production and partial relocation","abstract":"Industry is one of the most challenging sectors to decarbonize in the Dutch energy system. This is due to several factors such as the difficulty in moving away from existing technologies and the availability of still relatively cheap natural gas. In this study, we introduce two scenarios to investigate possible energy transition pathways for the Dutch industrial sector. The first scenario focuses on keeping industrial production largely in the Netherlands. The second explores relocating part of it abroad to regions in which low–cost sustainable energy sources are available. We employ an energy system optimization model to analyze these scenarios. Our results for the first scenario show a reduction of about 80% in fossil fuel consumption by 2050 in the industrial sector, primarily achieved by substituting fossil fuels with hydrogen, bioenergy, and synthetic fuels. To achieve the carbon-neutrality target by 2050, a cumulative total of about 552 MtCO 2 needs to be captured from the industrial sector, with 52% utilized and the rest stored. The second scenario does not yield a large difference in the relative energy mix compared to the first. However, it results in substantial changes in terms of more rapid decarbonization, with less final energy consumption, lower investment costs, and more limited deployment of CO 2 capture technology. In both scenarios, a radical technological transformation of the industrial sector is necessary for reaching the energy system carbon-neutrality target, with industry contributing to this goal by achieving net-negative CO₂ emissions in 2050.","author":[{"family":"Elberry","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Scheepers","given":"MJJ"},{"family":"Stralen","given":"Joost"},{"family":"Giraldo","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Zwaan","given":"Bob"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100205","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100205","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7143437494","type":"article-journal","title":"Management of hematological toxicities after BCMA-directed CAR-T cell therapy","abstract":"The CAR-HEMATOTOX (CAR-HT) score can assess hematotoxicity risk, but its utility in guiding supportive care remains underexplored. We analyzed 224 multiple myeloma patients treated with BCMA-directed CAR-T therapy (2016-2024), stratified by CAR-HT score (low <2 vs high ≥2). We evaluated the incidence and timing of early immune effector cell-associated hematotoxicity (ICAHT), other cytopenias, transfusion burden, cytopenia-directed interventions (growth factors and stem cell boosts), infections, and survival outcomes. High CAR-HT scores (58%) were associated with more grade 3 ICAHT (45.4% vs 23.3%) and grade 4 ICAHT (5.4% vs 1.2%; p = 0.0069), higher rates of grade ≥3 anemia (43.1% vs 24.4%, p < 0.0001) and thrombocytopenia (50.8% vs 27.9%, p < 0.0001). These patients were 7 times more likely to require red cell and platelet transfusions (p < 0.0001). G-CSF and TPO agonists were variably effective. Stem cell boosts (4%) led to rapid trilineage recovery. Infections occurred more frequently among high CAR-HT patients and those receiving intensive cytopenia-directed interventions. There were no significant differences in progression-free or overall survival between CAR-HT groups. Cytopenia-directed interventions did not affect survival. The CAR-HT score is a practical clinical risk tool that predicts transfusion burden and helps guide supportive care after BCMA CAR-T therapy.","author":[{"family":"Cook","given":"Joselle"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"Supriya"},{"family":"Abdallah","given":"Nadine"},{"family":"Rees","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Graham","given":"Claire"},{"family":"Ng","given":"Lay"},{"family":"Bansal","given":"Radhika"},{"family":"Corraes","given":"Andre"},{"family":"Helms","given":"Kristina"},{"family":"Warsame","given":"Rahma"},{"family":"Dingli","given":"David"},{"family":"Gonsalves","given":"Wilson"},{"family":"Kourelis","given":"Taxiarchis"},{"family":"Gertz","given":"Morie"},{"family":"Hayman","given":"Suzanne"},{"family":"Leung","given":"Nelson"},{"family":"Kapoor","given":"Prashant"},{"family":"Hwa","given":"LY"},{"family":"Fonder","given":"AC"},{"family":"Hobbs","given":"Miriam"},{"family":"Bergsagel","given":"L"},{"family":"Yadav","given":"Udit"},{"family":"Wiedmeier-Nutor","given":"Erin"},{"family":"Chhabra","given":"Saurabh"},{"family":"Fonseca","given":"Rafael"},{"family":"Ailawadhi","given":"Sikander"},{"family":"Parrondo","given":"Ricardo"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Shaji"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Yi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41408-026-01455-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41408-026-01455-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410998578","type":"article-journal","title":"The potential of microalgae for CO₂ capture in the face of climate change challenges","abstract":"This review explores the crucial role of microalgae in CO2 capture, highlighting recent scientific advancements from 2022 to 2024. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the benefits and limitations of microalgae-based CO₂ biofixation, while addressing the key challenges associated with their large-scale implementation. In particular, the study examines the technological, environmental, and economic factors that influence their integration into sustainable and cost-effective systems. By exploring innovative cultivation techniques, genetic enhancements, and biotechnological approaches, the review underscores the significant potential of microalgae in mitigating climate change. However, despite their promise, further research is essential to overcome the existing barriers and optimize their efficiency, making them a viable solution for industrial CO2 sequestration and sustainable bioresource production.","author":[{"family":"Riouchi","given":"Ouassila"},{"family":"Elkalay","given":"Khalid"},{"family":"Khalil","given":"Karima"},{"family":"Damsiri","given":"Zainab"},{"family":"Skalli","given":"Alí"},{"family":"Akodad","given":"Mustapha"},{"family":"Baghour","given":"Mourad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1051/e3sconf/202563201028","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202563201028","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410247357","type":"article-journal","title":"Capturing context: A sociotechnical feasibility assessment of carbon capture and storage in Norwegian waste incineration","abstract":"Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is central to decarbonisation of the waste-to-energy industry. We complement existing lifecycle assessments and techno-economic analyses of CCS in waste-to-energy with a socio-technical perspective that emphasises interrelations between technologies, practices, institutions, and infrastructures in supporting (or not) development and diffusion of novel solutions such as CCS. More specifically, we assess the feasibility of CCS implementation in waste-to-energy through examining four Norwegian cases with regards to both general (national-sectoral) and local conditions. The feasibility assessment addresses four key dimensions: maturity of technology, developing CCS infrastructure and integration with existing systems, political feasibility, and social acceptance. Drawing on insights from the geography of sustainability transitions literature, we analyse these dimensions considering both general-sectoral and local conditions. Our findings reveal that the feasibility of CCS implementation is influenced by a variety of factors that are shared across the waste-to-energy industry in Norway, as well as highly localised factors at the plant or municipal level. These factors imply that there are limits to opportunities for direct implementation of newly commercialised technologies in other waste-to-energy contexts. From a policy perspective, the importance of such localised factors suggests that investment support for CCS in waste-to-energy should not be reserved exclusively for pioneer plants, and that different policy instruments may be needed for different plants.","author":[{"family":"Hansen","given":"Teis"},{"family":"Haugland","given":"Bård"},{"family":"Steén","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Tronrud","given":"Nils"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104118","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2025.104118","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7148788122","type":"article-journal","title":"Test methods for CO2 mineralization in cement-based materials: A review by RILEM TC 309-MCP","abstract":"Abstract CO 2 can be absorbed and mineralized as solid carbonates in a range of construction materials. Accurate measurement of CO 2 content and uptake in cement-based and other construction products is important for the development as well as the certification of novel mineral carbonation products, processes, and practices. However, measurement is complex as samples can range from fine powders to blocks with varying levels of heterogeneity, different solid carbonate phases can be present, and measurement methods may require correction for interferences. When and where the CO 2 content is measured is also important. Numerous techniques are available for measuring the solid CO 2 content of a sample, from which the CO 2 uptake can be calculated. Here, a critical review of the most relevant methods is presented; the most used methods are thermogravimetric and combustion analysis, however, diffraction-based, spectroscopic, wet-chemical, and other methods can also be used for this purpose. Advantages and disadvantages of the various test methods are discussed. Aspects of sample preparation, result interpretation, measurement limitations and possible interferences, as well as the use of complementary methods are highlighted. Important aspects of conversion of measured solid CO 2 contents to calculated CO 2 uptake are highlighted.","author":[{"family":"Matschei","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Braymand","given":"Sandrine"},{"family":"Garg","given":"Nishant"},{"family":"Huet","given":"Bruno"},{"family":"Jansen","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Myers","given":"Rupert"},{"family":"Scruggs","given":"B"},{"family":"Bernard","given":"Ellina"},{"family":"Bertola","given":"Julie"},{"family":"Cazacliu","given":"Bogdan"},{"family":"Ellwood","given":"Lucy"},{"family":"Felten","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Ferrara","given":"Giuseppe"},{"family":"Garboczi","given":"Edward"},{"family":"Vayghan","given":"Asghar"},{"family":"Hafez","given":"Hisham"},{"family":"Hanein","given":"Theodore"},{"family":"Kanavaris","given":"Fragkoulis"},{"family":"Mahoutian","given":"Mehrdad"},{"family":"Maruyama","given":"Ippei"},{"family":"Roux","given":"Sébastien"},{"family":"Turcry","given":"Philippe"},{"family":"Skibsted","given":"Jørgen"},{"family":"Snellings","given":"Ruben"},{"family":"Srivastava","given":"Sumit"},{"family":"Vial","given":"Virginie"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Jinxin"},{"family":"Zajac","given":"Maciej"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhidong"},{"family":"Suraneni","given":"Prannoy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1617/s11527-026-03064-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-026-03064-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160410791","type":"article-journal","title":"Intraoperative lactate as an early risk marker in laparoscopic liver resection and its association with modifiable hemodynamic parameters: a retrospective cohort study","abstract":"PURPOSE: Early postoperative lactate ≥ 3 mmol/L is associated with adverse outcomes following open hepatectomy; however, the prognostic utility of intraoperative lactate in laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) and its associations with hemodynamic parameters remain unclear. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included adults undergoing LLR at a university hospital between January 2017 and August 2024. The predictor was peak arterial lactate from skin incision to PACU discharge, dichotomized at 3 mmol/L. The primary outcome was a 30-day composite of all-cause mortality, post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF), or acute kidney injury (AKI). As a secondary objective, associations between intraoperative lactate ≥ 3 mmol/L and prespecified hemodynamic exposures (net fluid balance, vasopressor dose, and indices of low mean arterial pressure (MAP), low or high stroke volume variation (SVV), and low cardiac index) were explored using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS: Among 257 patients, 143 (55.6%) had lactate ≥ 3 mmol/L. The composite outcome was more frequent in patients with lactate ≥ 3 mmol/L than in those with lactate < 3 mmol/L (15.4% vs. 4.4%; risk difference, 11.0%; 95% confidence interval, 3.6-18.3%), and discrimination was modest (AUC 0.695). AKI accounted for most events (12.6% vs. 0.9%; risk difference, 11.7%; 95% confidence interval, 5.8-18.2%); mortality and PHLF were similar. Lower net fluid balance and greater exposure to low MAP and low SVV were associated with lactate elevation, whereas vasopressor dose, high SVV, and low cardiac index were not. CONCLUSION: In LLR, intraoperative lactate ≥ 3 mmol/L showed modest discrimination for the 30-day composite outcome, driven primarily by AKI.","author":[{"family":"Nakanishi","given":"Toshiyuki"},{"family":"Furuta","given":"Misato"},{"family":"Yamazoe","given":"Daiki"},{"family":"Shibano","given":"Masashi"},{"family":"Makino","given":"Yuto"},{"family":"Tsuji","given":"Tatsuya"},{"family":"Fujiwara","given":"Koichi"},{"family":"Sobue","given":"Kazuya"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s00540-026-03757-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-026-03757-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408296490","type":"article-journal","title":"Occupational Role Stress and Associated Factors Among Nurses in Southeast Iran","abstract":"Occupational role stress is one of the important factors affecting nurses’ occupational stress and quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to explore occupational role stress and associated factors among nurses in Zahedan, Southeast Iran. This cross‐sectional study was conducted from April to June 2023. The study sample consisted of 260 nurses from hospitals affiliated with Zahedan University of Medical Sciences selected through a multistage sampling method. Data on nurses’ occupational role stress, sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, sleep quality, and work‐related factors were collected. A general linear regression model was applied to determine the factors associated with occupational role stress. The findings revealed that the mean total occupational role stress score was 141.41. Among the occupational role stress subscales, nurses had higher mean scores in role overload, role inadequacy, and responsibility. Total occupational role stress score was significantly higher in university graduate nurses than in those holding a high school diploma ( p = 0.005). Moreover, occupational role stress was significantly higher in nurses who slept for 4–6 h ( p = 0.011) and more than 8 h ( p = 0.017) compared to those who slept for 7–8 h a day. In addition, occupational role stress was also significantly higher in nurses with poor sleep quality ( p = 0.03). In addition, nurses who worked more than 8 h a day reported significantly higher occupational role stress ( p = 0.008). There was no statistically significant association between occupational role stress with age, gender, marital status, BMI, exercise, having a second job, shift work, ward assignment, and work experience. The findings emphasize the necessity of tailored interventions for managing occupational role stress in nurses with higher education and longer work hours. Improving work conditions, along with promoting healthy sleep habits, is a crucial step in reducing occupational role stress.","author":[{"family":"Habybabady","given":"Raheleh"},{"family":"Okatialiabad","given":"Hassan"},{"family":"Mohammadi","given":"Mahdi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/nrp/6651221","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/nrp/6651221","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410220800","type":"article-journal","title":"Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction to Ethanol: Comparison of Cell Designs, Process Modeling, Downstream Processes, and Techno-Economic Assessments","abstract":"The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) is of increasing importance for the development of a closed carbon cycle. Ethanol is an attractive target product due to its high energy density and large market size. Therefore, publications describing the CO2RR to ethanol are first compared. Both flow cells and zero-gap cells show the most promising results. However, this work has shown that accumulation of liquid organic products in the catholyte of a flow cell would lead to a significant increase in the overpotential. The resulting low concentration of products in the catholyte (<3.5 mol %), which should not be exceeded, leads to high separation costs. Consequently, a downstream process is developed based on the product stream of the most promising CO2RR in a zero-gap cell. Afterward, a techno-economic assessment (TEA) of the entire process from CO 2 capture to CO2RR to product purification was performed. The electricity for the CO2RR is still the main cost driver, followed by the CO 2 recovery, whose costs are caused by the low single-pass CO 2 conversion. Strategies for improving the entire process are outlined, and an Excel calculation tool for adapting the TEA is provided.","author":[{"family":"Dorn","given":"Marvin"},{"family":"Frantzen","given":"Felix"},{"family":"Kareth","given":"Sabine"},{"family":"Weidner","given":"Eckhard"},{"family":"Petermann","given":"Marcus"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04102","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04102","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7154032881","type":"article-journal","title":"Predicting treatment outcomes by door-to-device time and baseline characteristics in STEMI patients undergoing PPCI: a cross-sectional study in southern Iran.","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is considered the gold standard for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treatment. While door-to-device (DTD) time critically influences outcomes, its combined impact with baseline characteristics requires further investigation. METHODS: In this descriptive cross-sectional analytical study, 163 patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI were recruited through convenience sampling at two hospitals affiliated with Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences between November 2024 and May 2025. Data were collected via hospital records and a researcher-designed checklist covering demographic and clinical variables. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 26. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 57.55 ± 13.19 years, and 85.9% were male. The mean DTD time was 108.08 minutes. Longer DTD time was significantly associated with prolonged CCU stay (r = 0.335, p < 0.001) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (r = -0.232, p = 0.003). Although DTD time did not differ significantly between survivors and non-survivors (p = 0.573), it varied significantly across different degrees of myocardial injury (p = 0.027). Multivariate regression analysis showed that male gender (β = -8.007, p = 0.002), increased DTD time (β = -0.043, p = 0.005), and myocardial injury (β = -14.904, p = 0.016) were significantly associated with reduced LVEF. Increased DTD time (β = 0.014, p < 0.001) and decreased LVEF (β = -0.061, p = 0.003) were significantly associated with longer CCU stays. CONCLUSION: While baseline characteristics showed minimal impact, DTD time significantly predicted worse outcomes, including prolonged CCU stays, reduced LVEF, and myocardial injury. These findings emphasize the critical importance of reducing DTD time (<60 minutes) through optimized emergency protocols to improve STEMI management outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Vosoughi","given":"Sajad"},{"family":"Adineh","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Kardooni","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Ahmadi","given":"Mehrnaz"},{"family":"Ghanbari","given":"Saeed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.48305/arya.2025.45242.3055","URL":"https://doi.org/10.48305/arya.2025.45242.3055","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118922842","type":"article-journal","title":"Microwave-Induced Single-Stage CO 2 Hydrogenation to Light Olefins over a ZnO-ZrO 2 /SAPO-34 Tandem Catalyst","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The catalytic conversion of CO 2 to light olefins offers a promising route for sustainable carbon utilization. In this work, a single-stage mixed catalyst bed consisting of ZnO-ZrO 2, SAPO-34, and SiC was employed for the direct hydrogenation of CO 2 under microwave irradiation. The mixed system enables tandem CO 2 activation and methanol-to-olefins conversion, where ZnO-ZrO 2 generates reactive intermediates and SAPO-34 provides acid sites for C–C coupling, while SiC ensures effective microwave absorption and uniform heating. Reaction performance was evaluated across varied temperatures and pressures to assess microwave-induced enhancements. Selective microwave heating of polar intermediates and interfacial polarization at the ZnO-ZrO 2 interface lower the apparent activation energy for CO 2 conversion, promoting methanol formation and enhancing olefin yields at reduced bulk temperatures. Characterization by XRD and CO 2 -TPD confirmed the formation of Zn–O–Zr interfacial sites with improved reducibility and stronger basicity, promoting more efficient CO 2 activation. Overall, microwave-assisted tandem catalysis demonstrates a highly energy-efficient pathway for converting CO 2 to valuable light olefins with a CO 2 conversion of 26.3% and olefin selectivity of 58.6%.","author":[{"family":"Poreddy","given":"Manohar"},{"family":"Baddam","given":"Snehitha"},{"family":"Tewari","given":"Kshitij"},{"family":"Robinson","given":"Brandon"},{"family":"Palanki","given":"Srinivas"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yuxin"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Jianli"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c12902","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c12902","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409760795","type":"article-journal","title":"Exploring the mechanism of the CO2 methanation reaction in Ni-CeO2-sepiolite catalysts by time-resolved operando IR spectroscopy","abstract":"Nickel-cerium-based catalysts supported on sepiolite were tested for the CO 2 methanation reaction and applied for biogas upgrading. Time-resolved operando IR results revealed that the Ce-free catalyst followed a dissociative mechanism via the formation of Ni 0 -CO intermediates. In contrast, Ce-containing catalysts exhibited an additional H-assisted mechanism via the formation of -HCO 3 - and -CO 3 2- intermediates, which were further converted into formate, -CHO, and ultimately CH 4 . Different Ni and Ce loadings were screened, and the catalyst with 15 % wt. Ni and 10 % wt. Ce, 15Ni-10Ce-Sep, exhibited the optimum catalytic performance ( X C O 2 = 89.5 %; S C H 4 = 99.5 %, at 350 °C). CO 2 -TPD, H 2 -TPR, and SEM-TEM results revealed that this was attributed to a strong metal-support interaction between the CeO 2 and the Ni 0 phases. This interaction optimized the concentration of moderately basic sites and active Ni⁰ centers, achieving an ideal Ni⁰ particle size of approximately 7 nm. These sites promoted the formation of surface carbonates and dissociated hydrogen atoms, which were identified as key intermediates in the reaction mechanism. Finally, the 15Ni-10Ce-Sep catalyst was tested for direct upgrading of biogas. Under optimum conditions, and considering the biogas constituent gases, after 24-hour long stability tests, the process upgraded a 60 % CH 4 /40 % CO 2 mixture to a CH 4 -enriched synthetic biomethane mixture (94.1 % CH 4 /5.9 %CO 2 ). • Ni-Ce-sepiolite catalysts were assessed for the CO 2 methanation reaction. • Ce addition increased the concentration of moderate basic sites and Ni 0 dispersion. • Moderate basic sites were accounted for -HCO 3 - and -CO 3 2- species formation. • The catalyst with optimum Ni, Ce loadings was tested in 24 h biogas upgrade tests. • Optimally a 60 % CH 4 /40 % CO 2 mixture was upgraded to biomethane (94.1 % CH 4 /5.9 %).","author":[{"family":"Machado-Silva","given":"RB"},{"family":"Kosinov","given":"Nikolay"},{"family":"Hensen","given":"Emiel"},{"family":"Chica","given":"Antonio"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.apcatb.2025.125389","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2025.125389","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410260823","type":"article-journal","title":"Bone marrow microenvironment in myelodysplastic neoplasms: insights into pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets","abstract":"Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) represent a heterogeneous group of malignant hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) disorders characterized by cytopenia, ineffective hematopoiesis, as well as the potential to progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The pathogenesis of MDS is influenced by intrinsic factors, such as genetic insults, and extrinsic factors, including altered bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) composition and architecture. BMM is reprogrammed in MDS, initially to prevent the development of the disease but eventually to provide a survival advantage to dysplastic cells. Recently, inflammation or age-related inflammation in the bone marrow has been identified as a key pathogenic mechanism for MDS. Inflammatory signals trigger stress hematopoiesis, causing HSPCs to emerge from quiescence and resulting in MDS development. A better understanding of the role of the BMM in the pathogenesis of MDS has opened up new avenues for improving diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of the disease. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current knowledge regarding the significance of the BMM to MDS pathophysiology and highlights recent advances in developing innovative therapies.","author":[{"family":"Bahmani","given":"Forouzan"},{"family":"Shayanmanesh","given":"Maryam"},{"family":"Safari","given":"Mahdi"},{"family":"Alaei","given":"Amirarsalan"},{"family":"Pouriafar","given":"Yasaman"},{"family":"Rasti","given":"Zahra"},{"family":"Zaker","given":"Farhad"},{"family":"Rostami","given":"Shahrbano"},{"family":"Damerchiloo","given":"Fatemeh"},{"family":"Safa","given":"Majid"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12935-025-03793-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-025-03793-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410006708","type":"article-journal","title":"A Dataset for Investigations of Amine-Impregnated Solid Adsorbent for Direct Air Capture","abstract":"Amine-impregnated solid adsorbents are widely explored for point source capture and direct air capture (DAC) to address climate change. Existing literature serves as a valuable source for the investigation of amine-functionalized solid adsorbents. This study selected 52 articles from bibliographic platforms using GPT-assisted data source screening. A total of 1,336 data points were manually collected. Each data point is characterized by 28 features including the CO 2 capture performance of various adsorbents from diluted to concentrated sources, resulting in 29,857 records. The methodology addresses inconsistencies in units and terminologies in the published articles and demonstrates database reliability, regularity and integrity through statistical analysis. The diverse types of amines and mesoporous solids in the database offer innovation potential for future research. In addition, two machine learning models were trained to promote dataset reuse by scientists from lab-based research and cheminformatics. This study provides opportunities to explore the use of machine learning on small databases and encourages data sharing and uniform reporting among DAC communities.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Eryu"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Liping"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jiachuan"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Jian"},{"family":"Li","given":"Shuangyin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41597-025-05037-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-05037-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416672887","type":"article-journal","title":"Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation and Risk of Delirium: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","abstract":"Background: Delirium onset is associated with increased comorbidity and mortality. Identifying reliable delirium biomarkers remains challenging. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) offers an objective, easily obtainable measure suitable for hospital monitoring. Objective: We aimed to analyse the relationship between regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) values obtained by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and the subsequent development of delirium. Methods: Studies eligible for inclusion in our systematic review evaluated rSO2 values obtained by NIRS or a used a similar method to study hospitalised patients aged 18 years or older, some of whom subsequently developed delirium. We searched MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science without restrictions to 24 March 2024. Two review authors independently assessed the methodological quality of the included studies using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. Using a random-effects model in RevMan v 5.4.0 (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK), we analysed baseline and minimum rSO2 values. Results were presented as means and mean differences (MDs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We followed PRISMA guidelines and registered our review protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42024523573). Results (or Findings): We included 22 studies (20 in the meta-analysis) published between 2009 and 2024 and involving 5757 participants. The delirium group had a lower mean baseline rSO2 value (62.47%, 95% CI 58.40 to 66.55) compared with the non-delirium group (64.24%, 95% CI 61.33 to 67.15). Meta-analysis of effect estimates confirmed this result (MD −2.92%, 95% CI −4.38 to −1.47). The MD between the delirium and non-delirium group was larger among patients assessed with the INVOS device and patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Studies that analysed baseline values according to sensor location showed a larger MD in rSO2 values obtained via a right-sided sensor. Conclusions: Our results show lower baseline and minimum rSO2 in hospitalised patients who subsequently developed delirium. The difference varies according to the type of surgery and type of NIRS monitor.","author":[{"family":"Rochina-Rodríguez","given":"Begoña"},{"family":"Martínezarnau","given":"Francisco"},{"family":"Pérezros","given":"Pilar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/diseases13120383","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases13120383","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411960712","type":"article-journal","title":"Nurses’ role in oral healthcare: a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study in northeastern Iran","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Oral health is a vital component of overall health, particularly for hospitalized patients who are at higher risk of oral complications due to factors such as reduced salivary flow, medication side effects, and limited mobility. Nurses play a critical role in providing oral healthcare, yet studies indicate gaps in their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in this area. This study aimed to evaluate the KAP of nurses regarding oral healthcare for hospitalized patients in northeastern Iran, a region with limited healthcare resources. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 among 112 nurses working in three hospitals in Torbat Heydarieh, northeastern Iran. Data were collected over a two-month period using a convenience sampling method and a validated questionnaire assessing knowledge (11 items), attitudes (16 items), and practices (8 items). The questionnaire underwent face and content validation, and its reliability was confirmed through a pilot study (Cronbach's alpha > 0.8). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16, with descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and correlation analysis. RESULTS: The mean scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practices were 7.01 ± 1.47 (out of 11), 31.58 ± 4.93 (out of 80), and 4.31 ± 1.05 (out of 8), respectively. Significant correlations were found between knowledge and attitudes (r = 0.279, p < 0.01) and attitudes and practices (r = 0.149, p < 0.01). Nurses with higher education levels and more work experience demonstrated better knowledge and attitudes, though these did not always translate into improved practices. Male nurses had significantly higher knowledge scores than female nurses (p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights moderate knowledge, positive attitudes, and suboptimal practices among nurses regarding oral healthcare. The weak correlation between knowledge, attitudes, and practices suggests that improving oral healthcare requires not only education but also institutional support and resource availability. Given the relatively limited sample size and the use of convenience sampling, caution is advised when generalizing these findings to other populations. Targeted training programs, interdisciplinary collaboration, and systemic changes are recommended to enhance oral healthcare practices in hospitals. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable.","author":[{"family":"Askari","given":"Mohammadreza"},{"family":"Rahimkhani","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Abdollahi","given":"Masoud"},{"family":"Mohammadabadi","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Yaghoobi","given":"Hamideh"},{"family":"Namazinia","given":"Mohammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12903-025-06363-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06363-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407716285","type":"article-journal","title":"Land-based climate mitigation strategies for achieving net zero emissions in India","abstract":"Despite advancements in electrification and the transition to solar-based electricity production, India will continue to depend on land-based carbon offsets to achieve its net-zero target. Land-based climate mitigation strategies in India can be implemented by utilizing underutilized marginal lands or increasing land availability through technological interventions to close agricultural yield gaps. Both below-ground (e.g., soil carbon) and above-ground (e.g., standing tree biomass) options offer viable pathways for such measures. Key strategies include cultivating perennial bioenergy feedstocks, afforestation, establishing fast-growing Miyawaki forests, restoring wetlands and mangroves, and applying biosolids to land. However, caution is essential to prevent unintended consequences, such as clearing natural forests or introducing microplastics into soils. The cost of carbon sequestration and the resilience or permanence of stored carbon will be critical factors in determining the preferred approach. Additionally, land-based strategies often overlap spatially, making GIS-based tools indispensable for identifying optimal solutions tailored to local conditions. Integrating these strategies into the national carbon budget can enhance transparency and contribute significantly to India’s net-zero emissions goal.","author":[{"family":"Jaiswal","given":"Deepak"},{"family":"Siddique","given":"Khadeeja"},{"family":"Jayalekshmi","given":"TR"},{"family":"Sajitha","given":"AS"},{"family":"Kushwaha","given":"Amit"},{"family":"Surendran","given":"Sruthi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fclim.2025.1538816","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2025.1538816","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410418991","type":"article-journal","title":"Nursing informatics and patient safety outcomes in critical care settings: a systematic review","abstract":"AIM: Conduct a systematic review to analyse how nursing informatics influence patient safety outcomes in critical care settings. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY/DESIGN: The following database searches were conducted: Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane library, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL plus, Ovid Emcare, PsycINFO, and Ovid Embase. Two reviewers conducted the data selection and critical appraisal independently, following the JBI evaluation guidelines. Seventeen articles of high quality were included in this review. SETTINGS: This systematic review focused on critical care settings in healthcare facilities, including Emergency Departments, Intensive Care Units, High Dependency Units and Coronary Care Units in public or private hospitals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The overarching outcomes evaluated were patient safety outcomes (e, g, the development of a pressure injury), patient safety outcome measures (i.e., the application of tools used to measure patient safety outcomes e.g. the frequency with which pressure areas are assessed) and the processes of care (e.g. conducting regular pressure area care to prevent pressure injuries). RESULTS: In critical care settings, nursing informatics were associated with promotion of patient safety and prevention of adverse incidents, including reducing the incidence of pressure ulcers and medication errors; helping control blood glucose levels; decreasing the length of hospital stay; and improving compliance with care bundles and overall screening completion rates for risks of pressure ulcers, falls, substance use and agitation in emergency departments. CONCLUSION: The implementation of nursing informatics in critical care areas has been successful in promoting patient safety. While informatics can be costly to introduce, there is evidence these interventions can reduce costs by preventing adverse events. IMPLICATIONS FOR CRITICAL PRACTICE: Electronic health information record systems, clinical decision support systems and telehealth can increase compliance with screening and delivery of care aligned with guidelines across a range of presentations and critical care contexts. With the growing prevalence of nursing informatics, these systems should be considered for more widespread introduction.","author":[{"family":"Shi","given":"Qian"},{"family":"Wotherspoon","given":"Rosie"},{"family":"Morphet","given":"Julia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12912-025-03195-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03195-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415489521","type":"article-journal","title":"Do Environmental Education Programs Reduce Pollution and Improve Air Quality? Impacts on Knowledge and Behavior Based on Evidence from a Mapping Review","abstract":"This review investigates and analyzes the state of the art on scientific evidence related to educational interventions to improve air quality indoors and outdoors through a mapping review. The review followed proposed guidelines for mapping reviews in environmental sciences and the steps described in the Template for a Mapping Study Protocol. The search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cinahl, and Google Scholar with no language restrictions, and was completed in January 2025. Three filters were applied: search, selection with inclusion and exclusion criteria (PECOS strategy), and data extraction. Two independent reviewers assessed article eligibility, and disagreements were resolved by a third researcher. Twenty-four studies that met the eligibility criteria were included. Five research questions were answered. Studies published between 1977 and 2024 were included, totaling 7289 participants aged 12 to 85. The geographic distribution was concentrated in China (five studies) and the United States (four studies), followed by South Korea, India, Australia, and other countries, with fewer publications. The methodological predominance was experimental studies; observational studies were also analyzed, although less frequently. The period with the greatest increase in the number of publications was between 2020 and 2024. The educational methods most commonly used in the studies were lectures and the delivery of information leaflets. Particulate matter with diameters of 2.5 μm and 10 μm (PM2.5 and PM10) were the most widely investigated pollutants in the studies. From our analyses, it was observed that the educational interventions to improve air quality, adopted in the selected studies, resulted in the acquisition of knowledge about the environmental effects and the importance of individual actions. The changes in behavior included the adoption of more sustainable practices and an improvement in air quality in the environment, with a significant reduction in pollutant emissions. We conclude that interventions through environmental education demonstrate great potential to improve air quality. Based on the mapped evidence, governments and global policymakers can use this information to develop new strategies or improve existing ones to reduce air pollution in affected environments and regions.","author":[{"family":"Truppel","given":"Rubia"},{"family":"Doliveira","given":"Anderson"},{"family":"Canale","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Stabile","given":"Luca"},{"family":"Buonanno","given":"Giorgio"},{"family":"Andrade","given":"Alexandro"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/atmos16111229","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16111229","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165122360","type":"article-journal","title":"Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae modulates ciliary function and epithelial integrity in air-liquid interface porcine respiratory epithelial cells (ALI-PRECs)","abstract":"ABSTRACT Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ( Mhp ), the causative agent of enzootic pneumonia, disrupts mucociliary clearance by adhering to porcine ciliated airway cells, contributing to chronic respiratory disease. Traditional submerged cell cultures lack airway-like polarity and structural complexity, limiting Mhp in vitro studies. This study utilized a porcine air-liquid interface porcine respiratory epithelial cell (ALI-PREC) model to investigate Mhp infection dynamics, cytopathic effects (CPEs), and host-specific responses. Primary tracheal epithelial cells isolated from three 6-week-old pigs were cultured under air-liquid interface conditions for 4 weeks to form differentiated pseudostratified, ciliated epithelium. ALI-PRECs were inoculated with Mhp strain 232 at 10 5.84 , 10 6.84 , and 10 7.84 CCU/mL for 2 or 5 h and monitored for 144 h. Quantitative microscopy assessed total particle count, area, average size, and percentage area covered by particles, normalized against mock controls. Mhp adhered within 2 h, inducing CPE (cell rounding, clustering, and detachment) and reducing ciliary activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Mhp DNA was detected in the epithelium by 24 h post-inoculation (hpi) and in subnatants at higher doses, demonstrating epithelial barrier disruption. Ciliary beating persisted in some replicates, suggesting interindividual variability in host responses. Friis medium had no detectable impact on ALI-PRECs, validating its suitability for infection studies. Gene expression analysis revealed downregulation of ciliary motility genes ( ROPN1L , LRRC51 , CEP162 , and LRRC6 ) at 72 hpi and upregulation of intercellular junction genes ( CLDN1 , CDH1 , and CTNND1 ) by 120 hpi, suggesting a wound healing response. The ALI-PREC model effectively mirrors key aspects of Mhp pathogenesis, providing a robust platform for studying host-pathogen interactions and identifying therapeutic targets. IMPORTANCE Despite its economic impact on pigs, the mechanisms by which Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ( Mhp ) causes enzootic pneumonia remain poorly understood. Early infection events (bacterial exposure and adherence) are hard to study in vitro because traditional cell cultures lack airway complexity and cellular diversity. We developed an in vitro model replicating porcine airway structure and cell populations. Using this model, we showed that Mhp rapidly adheres to airway cells and disrupts ciliary function and epithelial integrity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These effects coincide with altered expression of genes governing ciliary motility and cell-cell junctions. Importantly, our model revealed natural variability in cytopathic responses among pigs, indicating that host-specific factors influence disease progression. These insights may guide personalized strategies for preventing and treating swine respiratory infections.","author":[{"family":"Castillo-Espinoza","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Nelli","given":"Rahul"},{"family":"Mora-Díaz","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Danyang"},{"family":"Rauh","given":"Rolf"},{"family":"Reddi","given":"BV"},{"family":"Saxena","given":"Apoorva"},{"family":"Twu","given":"Ning"},{"family":"Espín-Palazón","given":"Raquel"},{"family":"Giménezlirola","given":"Luis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1128/spectrum.01998-25","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01998-25","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410915327","type":"article-journal","title":"The effect of an ISBAR-based clinical supervision model during handover on clinical decision-making and self-efficacy of nursing internship students: a quasi-experimental study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Nursing internship students often lack the necessary clinical decision-making skills, confidence, and experience due to limited competence. To ensure safe and high-quality care, nursing faculty must train graduates with the self-efficacy required to make effective decisions in complex, dynamic, and high-stress healthcare environments. The handover process involves the information that plays a critical role in clinical decision-making and care planning. One of the frameworks used in handover process is ISBAR (Identification, Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation). The clinical supervision model serves as an educational and supportive approach aimed at enhancing self-efficacy and skills, including the use of handover. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the impact of an ISBAR-based Clinical Supervision Model (CSM) during handover on clinical decision-making and self-efficacy in nursing internship students. METHOD: This quasi-experimental, two-group (pre-test and post-test) study was conducted in selected hospitals affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2024. Participants were selected through convenience sampling and then randomly allocated to either the intervention or control group. Data were collected using the ISBAR communication checklist, the Self-Efficacy in Clinical Performance (SECP) questionnaire, the Clinical Decision-Making questionnaire, and the Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS). The clinical supervision model and routine supervision were administered over six sessions for the intervention and control groups, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to assess baseline differences between groups. Paired t-tests evaluated within-group changes in clinical self-efficacy and clinical decision-making scores. ANCOVA was applied to compare ISBAR communication scores across six time points and post-intervention clinical self-efficacy and decision-making scores, controlling for pre-intervention values. Repeated measures ANOVA assessed within-group changes in mean ISBAR scores over time, while MANOVA examined multiple, interrelated ISBAR subscale scores. A significance level of p < 0.05 was set for all analyses. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the intervention and control groups (p > 0.05). According to the within-group analysis, changes in the ISBAR communication scores over time were significant in both the intervention and control groups (p Time < 0.001), with a greater increase observed in the intervention group (p Intervention < 0.001). The intervention group demonstrated a significant improvement in clinical decision-making (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Clinical self-efficacy showed significant improvement in both the control and intervention groups after the intervention (P < 0.05). However, between-group analysis showed that the increase was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.001).) The mean score of the Manchester questionnaire in the intervention group in this study was 130.30, reflecting the high impact of implementing the clinical supervision model. CONCLUSION: The findings revealed that the use of the clinical supervision model based on the ISBAR framework led to improvements in clinical self-efficacy and clinical decision-making, alongside the enhancement of handover skills in nursing internship students. Therefore, it is recommended that this model be utilized in the education of nursing students and newly graduated nurses to ensure safe and high-quality care.","author":[{"family":"Gheisari","given":"Faezeh"},{"family":"Farzi","given":"Sedigheh"},{"family":"Farzi","given":"Sedigheh"},{"family":"Tarrahi","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Momeni-Ghaleghasemi","given":"Tahere"},{"family":"Farzi","given":"Saba"},{"family":"Farzi","given":"Saba"},{"family":"Nazari","given":"Fatemeh"},{"family":"Riahi","given":"Reza"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12909-025-07426-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-07426-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411215015","type":"article-journal","title":"The Dynamic Bidirectional Causality Between Carbon Pricing and Green Technology Innovation in China: A Sub-Sample Time-Varying Approach","abstract":"This study examined the dynamic relationship between China’s carbon pricing (CP) and green technology innovation (GTI) using monthly data from August 2013 to February 2025 through sub-sample rolling-window Granger causality tests. The results revealed a time-varying bidirectional relationship where CP significantly promotes GTI during periods when innovation offset effects dominate (such as from July to October 2021 and October 2023 to March 2024), but inhibits GTI when compliance cost effects prevail (as observed from February to June 2022). Conversely, GTI alternately suppressed CP from June to November 2017 and enhanced it from February to July 2024. These patterns demonstrate that the interaction between CP and GTI is critically shaped by three key factors: policy synergy between carbon markets and complementary environmental regulations, international competitive pressures from carbon border mechanisms, and financial market capacity to support green investments. Based on these findings, we propose a comprehensive policy framework that includes expanding emissions trading to heavy industries, implementing dynamic CP stabilization mechanisms, introducing innovation-linked quota incentives with 1.1 to 1.5 multipliers, and developing integrated green financial instruments. This framework can effectively align CP with GTI to accelerate China’s low-carbon transition while maintaining industrial competitiveness.","author":[{"family":"Guan","given":"Yumei"},{"family":"Su","given":"Chi‐wei"},{"family":"Guan","given":"Tao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17125371","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125371","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409669320","type":"article-journal","title":"Microalgae to Biofuel: Cutting‐Edge Harvesting and Extraction Methods for Sustainable Energy Solution","abstract":"ABSTRACT The increasing price and demand for fossil fuels are driven by their depletion, greenhouse gas emissions, and industrial air pollution. As a result, the search for renewable alternatives has gained serious attention. Microalgae provide a sustainable alternative for biofuel production, offering high growth rates, significant oil yields and productivity, nontoxic nature, higher photosynthesis efficiencies, and the ability to thrive on nonarable land. Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus dimorphus strains were chosen for this study to develop effective harvesting and oil extraction methods for sustainable energy. Three types of harvesting methods are used to optimize slurry yields, viz. flocculation, high‐speed refrigerated centrifugation, and microfiltration. Moreover, two oil extraction methods were considered to enhance efficiency: Soxhlet extraction and the direct boiling method. The centrifugation method provides the fastest harvesting rate and highest slurry yields, followed by membrane separation, while flocculation, though slower, is more cost‐effective and easier to perform. The direct boiling method optimizes the oil extraction process by effectively rupturing microalgae cell walls. Chlorella vulgaris shows a slurry recovery efficiency of 0.76 g per liter of media by centrifuge, consisting of 12%–40% oil content in overall weight; 12.7% of the oil was extracted using Soxhlet extraction, and 18.7% was extracted using the direct boiling method. On the other hand, Scenedesmus dimorphus shows better slurry recovery efficiency of 0.81 g per liter media by centrifuge, consisting of 22%–51% oil content in overall weight, and there is 23.8% oil extracted by using soxhlet extraction and 26.4% for every 10 g of the sample by direct boiling method compared to Chlorella vulgaris. Future research should focus on cost‐effective harvesting and oil extraction methods for microalgae like Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus dimorphus to reduce production costs, maximize biofuel yields, and tackle the global energy crisis.","author":[{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Abu"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Alamry"},{"family":"Görgün","given":"Emre"},{"family":"Jameel","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Khandaker","given":"Tasmina"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Md"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Md"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Md"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Md"},{"family":"Abdullah","given":"Masuk"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ese3.70111","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70111","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406222051","type":"article-journal","title":"A novel DEA-Tobit-SD assessment framework and application of provincial-level carbon emission embracing regional heterogeneity","abstract":"Abstract Formulating tailored emission reduction policies for each Chinese province is crucial due to regional differences in carbon emission evolution patterns. This paper proposes a novel and comprehensive research framework that integrates data envelopment analysis (DEA), Tobit regression, and system dynamics (SD) model to analyze the influence factors and evaluate provincial emission reduction policies while considering regional differences. The DEA method assesses each province's development resource allocation and carbon emission efficiency. Based on the DEA results, each provinces’ key emission influencing factors can be derived combining with Tobit regression and sensitivity analysis of SD. Policies are then selected based on these factors to gauge their effectiveness. SD method is used to simulate carbon emissions under different policy scenarios in the future. The analysis results present obvious differences in resource allocation and regional characteristics among provinces. Qinghai's emission reduction potential has been preliminarily explored as an example. Energy structure, industry structure, energy intensity, forest coverage, and R&D input intensity are its main influencing factors for carbon emission. The forest carbon sink plays a significant role. The emission reduction of the integrated scenario is not a linear sum of all other scenarios. To ensure the completion of the neutralization goal, further adjustments to the long-term policy and extra measures are needed.","author":[{"family":"Shi","given":"Pingyuan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yingxin"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Xinge"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Junhong"},{"family":"Hong","given":"Feng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s43979-024-00116-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-024-00116-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414352515","type":"article-journal","title":"Kinetics of High-Sensitive Cardiac Troponin I in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non-ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction","abstract":"Background/Objectives: Existing data regarding the kinetics of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) are limited. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the kinetics of highly sensitive (hs) cTnI following acute myocardial infarction (MI) in a large-scale, real-world cohort. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study included all consecutive patients admitted to the intensive cardiovascular care unit (ICCU) with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between January 2020 and April 2024. Hs-cTnI concentrations were measured at the time of presentation and daily thereafter. Results: A total of 1174 STEMI patients [191 females (16.3%)] with a mean age of 63 years and 767 NSTEMI patients [137 females (17.9%)] with a mean age of 66.7 years were enrolled. The average hs-cTnI peak levels were 77,937.99 ng/L and 24,804.73 ng/L for STEMI and NSTEMI patients, respectively. A single peak of hs-cTnI was observed in 83% and 78% of STEMI and NSTEMI patients, respectively, while two peaks were observed in 11% and 19% and three or more peaks were observed in 6% and 3% of STEMI and NSTEMI patients, respectively. A higher number of peaks was associated with a lower ejection fraction and more in-hospital complications. Additionally, a higher number of peaks correlated with a higher in-hospital mortality rate among NSTEMI patients. Conclusions: Most STEMI and NSTEMI patients displayed a monophasic kinetic pattern of hs-cTnI peak levels. However, a greater number of hs-cTnI peaks was linked to a higher incidence of clinical complications, lower ejection fraction, and increased mortality.","author":[{"family":"Haizler","given":"Adi"},{"family":"Loutati","given":"Ranel"},{"family":"Taha","given":"Louay"},{"family":"Karmi","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Deeb","given":"Dana"},{"family":"Manassra","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Fink","given":"Noam"},{"family":"Sabouret","given":"Pierre"},{"family":"Rana","given":"Jamal"},{"family":"Mamas","given":"Mamas"},{"family":"Rabi","given":"Ofir"},{"family":"Brin","given":"Akiva"},{"family":"Moatz","given":"Amro"},{"family":"Shrem","given":"Maayan"},{"family":"Qadan","given":"Abed"},{"family":"Levi","given":"Nir"},{"family":"Glikson","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Asher","given":"Elad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/diagnostics15182390","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15182390","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406698651","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable Emulsified Acid Treatments for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Injection Wells: A Case Study in the Qusahwira Field","abstract":"Emulsified acid treatments present an innovative and environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional hydrochloric acid (HCl) methods in enhancing oil recovery. This study investigates the application of a stable emulsified acid formulation in matrix acidizing operations to improve injectivity in four wells within the Qusahwira Field. Compared to traditional 15% HCl treatments, the emulsified acid demonstrates deeper acid penetration and retardation effect leading to enhanced injection rate. By delivering deep worm holing effects against calcium carbonate formation, this dual-phase system enhances injectivity by 14 times while minimizing the environmental and material impacts associated with spent acid volumes. The methodology integrates advanced neural network modeling to predict stimulation outcomes based on 15 operational and reservoir factors. This model reduces the trial-and-error approach, cutting operational costs and time for carbonate reservoir. Field trials reveal significant improvements in injection pressure and a marked reduction in circulation pressure during stimulation, underscoring the treatment’s efficiency. Developed in a Superior Abu Dhabi laboratory, the emulsified acid achieves high-temperature stability (200 °F) and deep acid penetration, further reducing the ecological footprint of acid stimulation by enhancing operational precision and reducing chemical use. This paper highlights a sustainable approach to optimizing reservoir productivity, aligning with global efforts to minimize environmental impacts in oil recovery processes.","author":[{"family":"Ramy","given":"Charbel"},{"family":"Rîpeanu","given":"Răzvan"},{"family":"Nassreddine","given":"Salim"},{"family":"Tănase","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Zouein","given":"Elias"},{"family":"Diniță","given":"Alin"},{"family":"Muresan","given":"Constantin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17030856","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17030856","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409432166","type":"article-journal","title":"Disempowered Warriors: Insights on Psychological Responses of ICU Patients Through a Meta-Ethnography","abstract":"Objectives: to systematically examine and synthesize qualitative evidence on adult patients’ psychological distress during an intensive care unit stay to inform development of interventions tailored to their needs. Method: We conducted systematic literature searches in CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Dissertations and Theses Global, and Google Scholar databases using predefined eligibility criteria. We synthesized primary qualitative research evidence using Noblit and Hare’s meta-ethnographic approach. Reporting was based on the eMERGe framework. The quality of included articles was assessed by the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool. Findings: We identified 31 primary studies from 19 countries. The studies were of moderate to high quality. Data analysis revealed five themes: “disempowerment”, “altered self-identity” “fighting”, “torment”, and “hostile environment”. One overarching theme, “the disempowered warrior”, captured the perpetual tension between the need to fight for their lives and the need to succumb to the care process. Our synthesis discloses that critically ill patients perceive themselves to be in a battle for their lives; while at the same time they may feel helpless and disempowered. Conclusions: Our review revealed the tension between the need to fight for one’s life and the sense of powerlessness in the intensive care unit environment. Although participants recognize the important role of healthcare workers, they desired more involvement, collaboration, control, empathy, and empowerment in the care process. These findings can inform approaches to empowering critically ill patients and managing their psychological responses. Care standards must include distress assessment and management that maximize patients’ empowerment and emotional safety with the care process.","author":[{"family":"Kusi-Appiah","given":"Elizabeth"},{"family":"Karanikola","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Pant","given":"Usha"},{"family":"Meghani","given":"Shaista"},{"family":"Kennedy","given":"Megan"},{"family":"Papathanassoglou","given":"Elizabeth"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/healthcare13080894","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13080894","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415138048","type":"article-journal","title":"Therapeutic Efficacy of an Anti-P116-661 Polyclonal Antibody Against Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection","abstract":"(MP) P116-661 protein. A polyclonal antibody against the P116-661 protein was obtained by immunizing New Zealand white rabbits, and its therapeutic effects were systematically evaluated by various experimental methods. An immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the inhibitory effect of the P116-661 polyclonal antibody on the adhesion of MP cells to A549 cells. ELISAs and Western blotting were used to analyze the expression levels of inflammatory factors, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, in Beas-2b cells and model mice after MP infection. HE staining was used to observe pathological changes in the lung tissue of the infected mice. The results showed that the P116-661 polyclonal antibody effectively inhibited the adhesion of MP cells to A549 cells. It significantly reduced the secretion levels of inflammatory factors, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, in Beas-2b cells and mice after MP infection. Moreover, the antibody significantly improved the pathological damage to the lungs that was caused by MP infection in mice. This study confirms that the P116-661 polyclonal antibody has good therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo, providing a new experimental basis for immunotherapy against MP infection.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yiting"},{"family":"Geng","given":"Xinqi"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Wenli"},{"family":"Shao","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Jin","given":"Mengmeng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jinzhi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Linding"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pathogens14101038","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14101038","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415731652","type":"article-journal","title":"Mitochondrial codon usage bias and novel phylogenetic insights: implications for taxonomic reevaluation of seven Xylotini species (Diptera, Syrphidae, Eristalinae)","abstract":"BACKGROUNDS: Flies of the tribe Xylotini (Insecta, Diptera, Eristalinae) primarily inhabit dense forests or are frequently observed visiting flowers. Although many genera within this tribe are easily distinguishable and exhibit distinct characteristics, the scarcity of mitochondrial genome resources has limited phylogenetic research. This study addresses this gap by analyzing the mitochondrial genomes of seven newly sequenced species to investigate the tribe's phylogeny and codon usage patterns. RESULTS: All mitochondrial genomes exhibited typical Syrphid structure (37 genes, 15,663 - 16,341 bp) with conserved gene order and strong AT bias (78.56% overall, 93.21% at third codon positions). Codon usage analysis revealed differential evolutionary pressures: Brachypalpoides makiana and Chalcosyrphus curvaria (R² = 0.34-0.56) showed mutation-dominated bias, while other species displayed selection-driven patterns. ENC values (25.6-45.23) and RSCU analysis identified 14 preferred A/U-ending codons, notably UUA-Leu (RSCU = 3.20) and AGA-Arg (RSCU = 2.59). Phylogenetic reconstruction challenged the tribe's monophyly, with Brachypalpoides and Xylota forming a well-supported clade (BS = 100%), while Milesia appeared polyphyletic. Additionally, C. curvaria showed closer affinity to M. ferruginosa than congenerics. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide novel insights into: (1) the dual influence of mutational pressure and natural selection on codon evolution, and (2) systematic relationships within this ecologically diverse dipteran group. The study establishes molecular foundations for re-evaluating Xylotini taxonomy and understanding mitochondrial genome evolution in hoverflies.","author":[{"family":"Yao","given":"Jin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hu"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Wenhui"},{"family":"Liao","given":"Chunfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12864-025-12180-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-12180-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407046664","type":"article-journal","title":"Understanding Energy Practices in Ghanaian Higher Education: Lessons from Academic City University","abstract":"This research illuminates the imperative for strategic energy management within the higher education sector, as evidenced by the multifaceted challenges and opportunities elucidated across diverse university contexts. The comprehensive data collection efforts provided valuable insights into energy consumption patterns among various stakeholders, ranging from students and faculty to staff members locally. Moreover, the methodological rigor employed in data acquisition and analysis at Academic City University underscores the percentage of about 95% of staff, student and faculty having knowledge about energy management, only about 65% really practice effect energy management and hence the formulation of evidence-based policies and strategies for effective energy management. By leveraging these insights, universities can develop targeted interventions to optimize resource allocation, mitigate financial burdens, and foster a culture of energy consciousness and stewardship.","author":[{"family":"Budu","given":"Bismark"},{"family":"Fadayiro","given":"Jordan"},{"family":"Lamptey","given":"Enoch"},{"family":"Mensah","given":"Michael"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.31436/ijes.v13i1.560","URL":"https://doi.org/10.31436/ijes.v13i1.560","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416708208","type":"article-journal","title":"Avances en la infección por el virus del papiloma humano y cáncer cervical en América Latina","abstract":"Introduction: Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide, strongly linked to persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Despite advances in vaccination, screening, and targeted therapies, disparities in access to prevention and treatment persist. Objective: To analyze recent advances in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for HPV infection and its relationship with cervical cancer. Methods: A structured narrative review was conducted to synthesize relevant scientific evidence from 80 manuscripts included. To ensure the rigorous selection of articles, we followed the PRISMA guidelines adapted to a narrative approach, searching the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. Studies on epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapies were included, in a time range from 2010 to 2024. Publications with insufficient or duplicated data were excluded. Finally, a qualitative thematic analysis was conducted, focusing on the central axes of epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and future perspectives in HPV and cervical cancer research. Results: In Latin America, research efforts on HPV and its relationship with CCU have increased in the last two decades, mainly focusing on the identification of high-risk genotypes, the viral load in vulnerable populations, and the implementation of screening and vaccination programs, such as the nonavalent vaccine, which has significantly reduced the incidence of HPV infections and precancerous lesions. Although viral DNA detection surpasses conventional cytology in sensitivity, structural inequalities still limit access to advanced molecular diagnostic tools. As for treatment, in CCU advanced stages, multimodal treatments combining chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy improve survival, although access barriers remain in vulnerable communities. Conclusion: There is a technological disparity that compromises the timely detection and adequate follow-up of the population at risk of HPV infection and CCU onset. Therefore, comprehensive public health policies are essential to ensure equitable access to prevention and treatment strategies for cervical cancer, as well as to strengthen local capacity for genomic diagnosis and molecular surveillance of HPV. The implementation of screening programs based on molecular testing and educational strategies is crucial to reducing the disease burden in the region.","author":[{"family":"Acosta-España","given":"Jaime"},{"family":"Intriago-Baldeón","given":"Dámaris"},{"family":"Tello","given":"Ricardo"},{"family":"Gutierrez-Bravo","given":"MF"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.31243/mdc.uta.v9i4.3039.2025","URL":"https://doi.org/10.31243/mdc.uta.v9i4.3039.2025","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411009677","type":"article-journal","title":"Developing Transient Model and Simulating the Effects of Soil Properties on a Small Hole Leakage and Diffusion Characteristics in the Buried CO2 Pipelines","abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) pipelines are subject to significant risk factors of leakage, primarily due to mechanical damages, corrosion, and third-party interference. The CO 2 pipe leakage, which involves the intricate phase of the transition processes and is characterized by the pronounced fluctuations in the pressure and temperature, creates considerable challenges to the pipeline reliability and environmental safety. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis on the leakage and seepage diffusion in the buried CO 2 pipelines is essential for accurate risk assessment and decreasing the response time associated with the leak detection. This study develops a transient model to examine the small hole leakages’ behavior in the buried CO 2 pipelines. By integrating the discharge model and seepage diffusion model coupled with the thermo-fluid–solid and multiphysical fields, the study focuses on the dynamic variations in pressure, velocity, temperature, and concentration of the soil during the leakage. Additionally, this research examines the effects of soil properties, including porosity, permeability, and types with the CO 2 leakage and seepage diffusion behavior. The key indicators such as Warning Alert Time (WAT), Temperature Detection Time (TDT), and Pipeline Brittle Range (PBR) are introduced to define the hazardous boundaries, providing a systematic framework for risk assessment. The findings demonstrate that the physical properties of the soil play a crucial role in determining the leakage behavior and hazardous range of the seepage diffusion in buried CO 2 pipelines. The developed transient numerical model helps to predict the dynamic characteristics of the leakage and seepage diffusion within the soil more effectively, offering a robust theoretical foundation and technical support for assessing the consequences of the CO 2 leakage.","author":[{"family":"Shang","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Xing","given":"Xiaokai"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Xiaoling"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Ming"},{"family":"Shah","given":"Raj"},{"family":"Pang","given":"Xinyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c01069","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c01069","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408253529","type":"article-journal","title":"Towards a Healthier Hospital Environment: The Role of Digital Twins in Achieving Optimal Environmental Comfort","abstract":"ABSTRACT Indoor environmental comfort is fundamental to human health as people spend 90% of their time indoors. This aspect is even more crucial in hospitals, where the concept of health is closely linked to well‐being, ethics and environmental aspects. Emerging methodologies and technologies such as digital twin, building information modelling, the internet of things, sensing technologies and data analytics offer new opportunities to ensure healthier environments and more efficient building management. This paper provides an assessment of how digitalisation can support decision‐making processes related to maintaining high levels of indoor environmental comfort in hospital settings, particularly by analysing how real‐time data processing and the application of machine learning can promote proactive interventions in these facilities. The methodological approach was based on four phases: defining the objectives of the digital twin, identifying the input data to build and feed the digital model, defining the KPIs to evaluate the system's correct functioning and identifying the enabling technologies to be integrated into the system to achieve the set goal. The result is a digital twin for managing the operating room and its related services, with the aim of guiding decisions based on accurate data and improving operational efficiency, levels of environmental comfort, and safety regarding the diffusion of medical gases.","author":[{"family":"Cumo","given":"Fabrizio"},{"family":"Giovenale","given":"Anna"},{"family":"Pennacchia","given":"Elisa"},{"family":"Tiburcio","given":"Virginia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1049/dgt2.70002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1049/dgt2.70002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411783904","type":"article-journal","title":"Exploring key dimensions of policy instruments for carbon dioxide removal","abstract":"Introduction Integration of Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) into existing climate change mitigation policy frameworks has begun. A broad set of policy instruments is available for the development and deployment of CDR technologies. While current discussions emphasize carbon markets to scale CDR, other non-market based policy instruments could play an important role. This article examines several non-market policy instruments through a new CDR-specific assessment framework across four dimensions: feasibility, climate effectiveness, impacts on individuals and society, and the ratio and distribution of impacts. Four theoretical scenarios, heterogeneous in assumed time horizon, spatial coverage, and utilized non-market policy instrument, are evaluated: (1) a technology-specific Carbon Contract for Difference in the EU; (2) an internationally funded capacity-building campaign for Brazilian farmers to utilize voluntary carbon markets; (3) a global carbon takeback obligation for fossil fuel producers; and (4) a national corporate tax exemption for Direct Air Capture (DAC) plant setup and operation.Discussion The assessment finds that no single policy instrument performs strongly across all four dimensions. This suggests that the prioritization of policy instruments for CDR depends on how decision-makers weigh the assessed dimensions. Different stakeholder objectives will lead to different weighing of dimensions and, thus, rankings of policy instruments.Conclusion Careful and transparent policy design process that reflects local contexts and national conditions is essential to ensure robust and stable decisions supported by a critical mass of stakeholders. A nuanced, inclusive approach can facilitate the implementation of a complementary suite of policy instruments that underpin responsible and effective global collaboration on CDR.","author":[{"family":"Winkler","given":"Malte"},{"family":"Oh","given":"Soyoung"},{"family":"Holland-Cunz","given":"Antonia"},{"family":"Honegger","given":"Matthias"},{"family":"Poralla","given":"Matthias"},{"family":"Vollmer","given":"Alicia"},{"family":"Michaelowa","given":"Axel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/14693062.2025.2521118","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2025.2521118","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7170192635","type":"article-journal","title":"Leakage Dispersion Characteristics and High-Concentration Risk Zoning of Liquid CO2 Storage Tanks in Oilfield CCUS System Based on a PHAST-KFX Two-Stage Simulation Framework","abstract":"The leakage and dispersion behavior of CO2 in the ground injection stage of oilfield CCUS systems is highly complex under high-pressure, low-temperature, and continuous-operation conditions, while quantitative criteria for emergency control distances remain insufficient. To address this issue, a liquid CO2 storage tank in an oilfield CO2 cyclic injection station was selected as the research object. A 1:1 two-dimensional and three-dimensional computational model was established. A two-stage simulation framework was developed in this study, where PHAST was first employed for rapid multi-scenario consequence screening, followed by three-dimensional CFD validation using KFX under representative high-risk scenarios. The proposed framework was used to systematically investigate CO2 leakage and dispersion characteristics under various leakage aperture sizes, ambient temperatures, and wind speed conditions. Risk zoning and risk quantification were further conducted based on high-concentration CO2 toxicity thresholds of 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30%. The results show that the leak aperture is the dominant factor controlling dispersion consequences. As the aperture increased from 5 mm to 50 mm, the maximum dispersion distance increased from 8.8–9.4 m to 132–146 m, and the maximum cloud footprint increased from 4.8–5.4 m2 to 2204.1–2599.6 m2. Higher temperature enhanced CO2 dispersion capacity, whereas wind speed exerted a dual effect involving near-field dilution and downwind transport. The KFX three-dimensional simulation indicated that buildings and equipment arrangements induced near-ground flow separation and local accumulation. Under a 25 mm leak and an average wind speed of 4.6 m·s−1, the cloud approached full coverage of the injection station within approximately 300 s and tended to spread beyond the site boundary. Liquid CO2 leakage was accompanied by flashing, dry-ice formation, and sublimation, leading to a leakage-rate pattern characterized by an initial decrease followed by an increase and gradual stabilization. This indicates that emergency response should account for the ice-plugging and de-plugging process. The risk zoning results show that the downwind region can be divided into fatal, severe-injury, minor-injury, adverse-reaction, and relatively safe zones. A risk level on the order of 10−6 still existed at 100 m from the leakage source. It is recommended that CO2 concentration monitoring and alarm systems be deployed within 100 m of the station, warning signs be placed near the maximum impact boundary of 146 m, and 300 s be used as a critical time window for coordinated evacuation between the plant area and surrounding residential areas. The findings provide a technical basis for safety-distance verification, monitoring layout design, and emergency-plan development for ground injection systems in oilfield CCUS projects.","author":[{"family":"Duan","given":"Weichao"},{"family":"Mu","given":"Jingjing"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Anna"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiaoyu"},{"family":"Qi","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Bi","given":"Yanbin"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Dongfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr14152383","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14152383","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410033743","type":"article-journal","title":"A team without a name: emergency medicine recognition and its impact on working conditions and well-being","abstract":"Emergency medicine (EM) has evolved significantly over the past 50 years, transitioning from a focus on acute injuries and illnesses to include primary and specialty care, disaster response, and social issues. To date, nearly 60 countries have officially recognized EM as a medical specialty. However, growing patient demands, healthcare staff shortages, and an aging population have strained emergency departments, worsening working conditions for EM professionals and compromising patient care. To address these challenges, formal recognition of EM as a specialty is crucial.As a specialty, EM offers significant benefits. It improves patient outcomes by ensuring structured, standardized training that equips specialists with the skills to manage acute conditions such as trauma, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Countries with recognized EM specialties have reported reduced morbidity and mortality and enhanced healthcare resilience during crises like pandemics and mass casualty events. Additionally, professional recognition aids in recruitment, retention, and reducing burnout among EM practitioners by establishing clear career pathways. Furthermore, it ensures specific paraclinical training in areas such as patient flow, and it strengthens healthcare systems. However, despite these benefits, challenges remain. Resource diversion from primary care, increased healthcare costs, and the initial investment required for training programs are potential drawbacks to EM specialty recognition. Achieving EM recognition will require a strategic collaborative approach, focusing on education, professional support, and collaboration across healthcare sectors.","author":[{"family":"Kemnitz","given":"Megan"},{"family":"Lupan-Mureșan","given":"Eugenia"},{"family":"Somville","given":"Francis"},{"family":"Barcella","given":"Bruno"},{"family":"Shopen","given":"Noaa"},{"family":"Hernandez","given":"M"},{"family":"Heymann","given":"Eric"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s00063-025-01275-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-025-01275-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408245905","type":"article-journal","title":"Effectiveness of Acupressure on Sleep Quality Among Inpatients: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis","abstract":"Sleep quality in adult inpatients is frequently and severely disturbed by various factors such as noise, pain, and unfamiliar surroundings, which can impair disease recovery. Acupressure is widely used to improve sleep quality in hospitalized patients, but its overall effectiveness is unclear. This meta-analysis aims to analyze the efficacy of acupressure therapy on sleep quality and sleep parameters in adult inpatients. Eight electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials published before April 2024. Two researchers independently screened, assessed, and extracted data from the included studies. A total of 41 studies involving 3680 subjects were included. The meta-analysis showed a significant difference between the acupressure and control groups in sleep quality (SMD = -1.58, 95% CI [-1.85, -1.31]), total sleep time (SMD = 1.12, 95% CI [0.40, 1.83]), sleep efficiency (SMD = 0.90, 95% CI [0.29, 1.52]), sleep onset latency (SMD = -0.73, 95% CI [-1.14, -0.33]), and wake after sleep onset (SMD = -1.32, 95% CI [-2.55, -0.09]). The meta-regression results suggested that the number of sessions daily and the duration of each session were significant factors influencing heterogeneity. Acupressure is an effective intervention to improve sleep quality and sleep parameters in inpatients.","author":[{"family":"Ling","given":"Weihong"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Chenxi"},{"family":"Ho","given":"Mu‐hsing"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Jung"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/nhs.70075","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.70075","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407763330","type":"article-journal","title":"Immobilization of FDH on carbon felt by affinity binding strategy for CO2 conversion","abstract":"• Enzyme-based CO 2 conversion for valuable chemicals. • Novel biocatalyst developed for formic acid production. • FDH affinity immobilized on carbon felt for enhanced activity. • Acid pre-treatment of CF boosts nickel content and FDH binding. • High formic acid yield (78 %) achieved under pressurized CO 2 . Enzymatic conversion is a promising option for utilizing CO 2 as a renewable C1 source for high-value chemicals due to the high selectivity and specificity of enzymes, their environmental friendliness, and their ability to operate under mild conditions. The present study addresses CO 2 conversion by developing a novel biocatalyst for formic acid production. Immobilization of formate dehydrogenase (FDH) from Candida boidinii onto carbon felt (CF) using an affinity binding approach is explored. Pre-treatment of CF with HNO 3 increased nickel content with respect to the untreated and KOH treated CF samples, resulting in a biocatalyst with the highest specific activity. The selected biocatalyst achieved a promising formic acid yield of 78 % under pressurized CO 2 conditions. Utilizing an 8-bar pressurized reactor led to a productivity of 0.56 mol L⁻¹ h⁻¹. The biocatalyst efficiently catalyzed formic acid synthesis over four consecutive reaction cycles, but its efficiency decreased with each cycle. This research demonstrates the feasibility of simple and efficient FDH immobilization on CF for CO 2 conversion. The resulting biocatalyst shows potential for formic acid production, but further investigation is needed to enhance reusability for industrial applications.","author":[{"family":"Maureira","given":"Diego"},{"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Sady"},{"family":"Romero","given":"Oscar"},{"family":"Guillén","given":"Marina"},{"family":"Álvaro","given":"Gregorio"},{"family":"Wilson","given":"Lorena"},{"family":"Ottone","given":"Carminna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104442","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104442","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412956832","type":"article-journal","title":"Fly-Ash-Based Microbial Self-Healing Cement: A Sustainable Solution for Oil Well Integrity","abstract":"The cement sheath is critical for ensuring the long-term safety and operational efficiency of oil and gas wells. However, complex geological conditions and operational stresses during production can induce cement sheath deterioration and cracking, leading to reduced zonal isolation, diminished hydrocarbon recovery, and elevated operational expenditures. This study investigates the development of a novel microbial self-healing well cement slurry system, employing fly ash as microbial carriers and sustained-release microcapsules encapsulating calcium sources and nutrients. Systematic evaluations were conducted, encompassing microbial viability, cement slurry rheology, fluid loss control, anti-channeling capability, and the mechanical strength, permeability, and microstructural characteristics of set cement stones. Results demonstrated that fly ash outperformed blast furnace slag and nano-silica as a carrier, exhibiting superior microbial loading capacity and viability. Optimal performance was observed with additions of 3% microorganisms and 3% microcapsules to the cement slurry. Microscopic analysis further revealed effective calcium carbonate precipitation within and around micro-pores, indicating a self-healing mechanism. These findings highlight the significant potential of the proposed system to enhance cement sheath integrity through localized self-healing, offering valuable insights for the development of advanced, durable well-cementing materials tailored for challenging downhole environments.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Lixia"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Yanjiang"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Qianyong"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Tianle"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Guosheng"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Guokun"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Chengxiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17156989","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17156989","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406611032","type":"article-journal","title":"Association between stress hyperglycemia ratio and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis: results from the MIMIC-IV database","abstract":"BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the association between the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and short- and long-term outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis. METHODS: This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV v2.2) database. Patients were categorized into 4 SHR quartiles. The main focus was on in-hospital mortality and 1-year all-cause mortality as primary endpoints, while intensive care unit and hospital stays were considered as secondary outcomes. Regression and subgroup analyses were used to assess the correlation between SHR and the primary and secondary outcomes. Restricted cubic spline analysis was utilized to explore the nonlinear relationships between SHR and in-hospital and 1-year all-cause mortality. RESULTS: This study included two groups of patients, comprising 7456 and 6564 individuals. The in-hospital and 1-year mortality was 11.96% and 17.96% in Cohort 1 and 2, respectively. SHR was associated with an elevated risk of in-hospital mortality (OR: 2.08, 95%CI 1.66-2.61) and 1-year mortality (HR: 1.70, 95% CI 1.42-2.04). Patients in SHR quartile 4 had a higher risk of in-hospital (OR: 1.86, 95% CI 1.51-2.30) and 1-year (HR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.23-1.69) mortality than those in quartile 2. Restricted cubic spline analysis showed a \"J-shaped\" relationship between SHR and all-cause mortality in both cohorts. The relationship between high SHR and mortality remained consistent across almost all predefined subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that high SHR is associated with increased in-hospital and 1-year mortality in critically ill sepsis patients. Further investigations are needed to validate these results.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Shijie"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Hechen"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yuchao"},{"family":"Ning","given":"Meng"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Jianghui"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Xiaoyu"},{"family":"Chang","given":"Yun"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Wenqing"},{"family":"Li","given":"Tong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s40001-025-02281-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02281-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410142605","type":"article-journal","title":"Age-Specific Differences in Non-Surgical Patients Requiring Intensive Care ― Trends and Prognostic Impact During the Past Decade ―","abstract":"BACKGROUND: This study aimed to elucidate the age trends among non-surgical patients requiring intensive care over a 10-year period and the prognostic impact of aging in relation to their underlying etiologies. METHODS AND RESULTS: In all, 4,279 non-surgical patients requiring intensive care from 2012 to 2021 were enrolled in the study. Patient backgrounds and prognoses were compared among age 4 groups: Group A, age <60 years (n=910); Group B, age 60-69 years (n=1,062); Group C, age 70-79 years (n=1,355); and Group D, age ≥80 years (n=952). During the study period, the number of patients aged 60-69 years decreased significantly with time, whereas the number aged over 80 years increased significantly. A multivariate Cox regression model identified Group D as an independent predictor of 365-day all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 2.070; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.619-2.646) relative to Group A. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the presence of sepsis was independently associated with 365-day mortality, especially in the cohort aged ≥80 years (HR 1.878; 95% CI 1.270-2.777; P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The mean age of patients requiring non-surgical intensive care is increasing annually, and greater age was identified as a significant factor associated with a higher 365-day mortality rate. The presence of sepsis was linked to increased 365-day mortality among older individuals.","author":[{"family":"Sawahata","given":"Mana"},{"family":"Shirakabe","given":"Akihiro"},{"family":"Matsushita","given":"M"},{"family":"Shigihara","given":"Shota"},{"family":"Nishigoori","given":"Suguru"},{"family":"Sawatani","given":"Tomofumi"},{"family":"Tani","given":"Kenichi"},{"family":"Morooka","given":"Masaki"},{"family":"Takahashi","given":"Masahito"},{"family":"Kobayashi","given":"Nobuaki"},{"family":"Asai","given":"Kuniya"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1253/circj.cj-24-1030","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.cj-24-1030","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7136840482","type":"article-journal","title":"Environmental Benchmarking for Sustainable Clinker Production: A Harmonized Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment Using Real Industrial Data","abstract":"Clinker production is the main contributor to the environmental footprint of cement manufacturing and represents a key target for improving the sustainability of the cement industry. This study presents a harmonized cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) of clinker production based on real industrial plant-level data and establishes environmental benchmarks for inter-plant comparison. The framework enables consistent evaluation of environmental performance while minimizing methodological inconsistencies that often limit the comparability of LCA studies. Using a plant-level industrial inventory dataset, key energy and emission indicators were assessed and compared with a literature-based benchmark under harmonized methodological conditions. The case-study plant exhibited a thermal energy intensity of 3162 MJ/t clinker and electricity consumption of 52.23 kWh/t clinker, representing improvements of approximately 6% and 29%, respectively, relative to the benchmark system. However, total direct CO2 emissions remained comparable at 1010 kg CO2/t clinker, indicating that improvements in operational energy efficiency do not necessarily result in proportional reductions in overall greenhouse gas emissions. Process-related emissions from limestone calcination accounted for approximately 73% of total emissions, limiting the mitigation potential achievable through energy efficiency alone. These findings highlight the importance of integrated benchmarking approaches that simultaneously consider energy intensity, emission structure, and climate impact when evaluating clinker production systems and developing decarbonization strategies for the cement industry.","author":[{"family":"Mend","given":"Bilguun"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Youngjun"},{"family":"Bang","given":"Jd"},{"family":"Chu","given":"Yong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18062867","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18062867","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407097881","type":"article-journal","title":"Insights into HKUST-1 Metal-Organic Framework’s Morphology and Physicochemical Properties Induced by Changing the Copper(II) Salt Precursors","abstract":"The HKUST-1 metal-organic framework was synthesized using four different copper(II) salt precursors, namely copper nitrate, copper sulphate, copper acetate, and copper chloride, via the solvothermal method with no mixing. Syntheses were conducted without using the N,N-dimethylformamide to allow for a greener synthesis of MOFs. The selected physicochemical properties of the obtained metal-organic frameworks were determined. The yield of the obtained products changed in the order acetate>nitrate>sulfate, while no product was obtained in the synthesis with copper(II) chloride. The obtained materials were characterized by means of XRD, nitrogen adsorption-desorption at -196 °C, FTIR, XPS, TGA, SEM, and DLS. The morphology of crystallites and their physicochemical properties were significantly affected when different copper(II) salt precursors were used. The comparison of the obtained results with already published works allows for the correlation of the synthesis parameters like synthesis temperature, time, mixing, and copper(II) salt precursor used on selected properties of the final product.","author":[{"family":"Klęba","given":"Joanna"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Kun"},{"family":"Duraczyńska","given":"Dorota"},{"family":"Marzec","given":"Mateusz"},{"family":"Fedyna","given":"Monika"},{"family":"Mokrzycki","given":"Jakub"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma18030676","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18030676","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7162458292","type":"manuscript","title":"Decarbonizing Chemical Feedstocks: Patent-Based Evidence on Rising Utilization of Pyrolysis and Carbon Capture","abstract":"The chemicals industry remains structurally dependent on fossil-derived feedstocks, even as efforts to reduce operational emissions continue. This paper provides patent-based evidence on innovation in alternative feedstock pathways, focusing on plastic waste pyrolysis and carbon capture and utilization (CCU). Using priority patent filings from 2018–2024 and publicly available production data,4 we compare growth in waste-derived hydrocarbons and CO2-based chemical conversion with that of conventional fossil-based hydrocarbon production. Our analysis shows that patent filings in waste-derived liquid hydrocarbons have grown more rapidly than filings associated with refining technologies. Carbon capture patents that incorporate digital technologies have also expanded at higher rates than carbon capture patents overall. Despite this acceleration, structural constraints remain significant. Pyrolysis depends on waste collection infrastructure and feedstock consistency, while CCU deployment is closely tied to low-carbon hydrogen availability and electricity costs. Although our research highlights the growing emphasis on upstream carbon substitution, economic and infrastructure conditions will shape the scale of adoption of these technologies.","author":[{"family":"Walczyk","given":"Karin"},{"family":"Chaudhary","given":"Sachin"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Mithilesh"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.26434/chemrxiv.15003894/v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15003894/v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416294452","type":"article-journal","title":"Role of physician assistants and their impact on cardiology specialty training in the United Kingdom","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The expansion of physician assistants (PAs) in the UK has raised concerns about patient safety and the impact on resident doctor training, with a lack of clarity about PA scope of practice and supervision. The role of PAs within cardiology remains poorly defined. We aimed to describe their scope of practice and assess their impact on resident doctor training in UK cardiology. METHODS: The 2024 British Junior Cardiologist's Association (BJCA) training and BJCA Starter surveys captured resident doctors' experience of PAs working within cardiology. Data were collected on three broad domains: scope of practice, impact on training and supervision. A combination of best match, checkboxes, Likert scale and free-text responses was used to gather responses. Analysis was performed using a mixed-methods approach. RESULTS: Responses were received from 553 resident doctors working in cardiology, of whom 268 (46.8%) were currently or had previously worked with a PA. Of these, 255 (95.1%) reported PAs to be working in a ward-based setting and 70 (26.1%) in outpatients. 78 respondents (29.1%) reported witnessing PAs to be performing cardiology-based procedures, primarily echocardiography (n=55, 20.5%) and direct current cardioversion (n=32, 11.9%). 34 respondents (12.6%) reported working with PAs who performed actions outside of their scope of practice including prescribing (n=7, 2.6%) or ordering ionising radiation (n=14, 5.2%). When stratified by training stage, an inverse, graded relationship was observed: with those at earlier training stages reporting the most negative impact on their training, driven by increased workload and competition for training opportunities. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence from this UK-wide survey underlines the urgent need for PA national guidance within cardiology, a clear legal framework and a defined scope of practice to safeguard both patient safety and resident doctor training.","author":[{"family":"Brown","given":"Oliver"},{"family":"Fisk","given":"Gracie"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"Ankit"},{"family":"Drozd","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Lawson","given":"Lucy"},{"family":"Bray","given":"Jonathan"},{"family":"Straw","given":"Sam"},{"family":"Qasim","given":"Asif"},{"family":"Ng","given":"GA"},{"family":"Paisey","given":"John"},{"family":"Camm","given":"CF"},{"family":"Morgan","given":"Holly"},{"family":"Nolan","given":"James"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1136/heartjnl-2025-327046","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2025-327046","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412954904","type":"article-journal","title":"Delayed inpatient rehabilitation and functional outcomes for acute stroke: a retrospective cohort study in an Australian regional hospital","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The impact of delayed inpatient rehabilitation on the functional outcomes of stroke patients has not been reported in regional Australia. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the impact of delayed inpatient rehabilitation following acute stroke on functional outcomes (Relative Functional Gain and Functional Independence Measure efficiency) and length of stay in rehabilitation at a regional Australian hospital. METHODS: Rehabilitation initiated > 24 h after a patient was deemed clinically ready was considered delayed. Associations between delayed inpatient rehabilitation and functional outcomes were investigated with mixed effects linear regression while length of stay was modelled using a negative binomial regression. RESULTS: Of a total 487 patients, 301 (61.8%) experienced delayed inpatient rehabilitation, with a median delay of 2 days (interquartile range: 1-4 days). Multivariate regressions showed delayed inpatient rehabilitation was negatively associated with Relative Functional Gain (Beta: -0.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.11, -0.02, p = 0.009) and Functional Independence Measure efficiency (Beta: -0.18, 95% CI: -0.32, -0.04, p = 0.014), but positively associated with length of stay in rehabilitation wards (incidence rate ratio: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.21, p = 0.021). Bed unavailability was the leading cause of delay. CONCLUSION: Delayed inpatient rehabilitation is associated with poorer functional outcomes in stroke patients. Timely access to rehabilitation is crucial for optimising recovery.","author":[{"family":"He","given":"Fan"},{"family":"Blackberry","given":"Irene"},{"family":"Njovu","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Rutherford","given":"David"},{"family":"Mnatzaganian","given":"George"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.2340/jrm.v57.42506","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v57.42506","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413825572","type":"article-journal","title":"Is there an association between anti-inflammatory medical treatments for rheumatoid arthritis and mortality after first myocardial infarction?","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to analyse associations between anti-inflammatory treatment before a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and survival up to 365 days post-AMI in patients with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHOD: Data for 199 071 patients with a first AMI during 2006-2017, including 3725 RA patients, and for anti-inflammatory medical treatment during the 6 months before a first AMI, were drawn from Swedish registries. Drugs were categorized as corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, conventional synthetic (cs) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (anti-TNFs), or other biological DMARDs. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess mortality associations up to 30 days and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to assess associations from 31 to 365 days. RESULTS: No treatment was associated with survival within 30 days after the AMI. From 31 to 365 days post-AMI, corticosteroid treatment was associated with increased mortality [in RA: hazard ratio (HR) 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27-1.62; without RA: HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.33-1.41]. csDMARDs were associated with increased survival in RA patients (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.78-0.96), as were anti-TNF treatments (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.94). Among non-RA patients, csDMARDs were associated with increased mortality (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.04-1.24). CONCLUSION: Anti-inflammatory treatment was not associated with mortality within 30 days after a first AMI. From 31 to 365 days post-AMI, corticosteroid treatment was associated with increased mortality risk for all patients, and csDMARDs and anti-TNFs were associated with increased survival for RA patients.","author":[{"family":"Skielta","given":"M"},{"family":"Söderström","given":"Lars"},{"family":"Rantapäädahlqvist","given":"Solbritt"},{"family":"Södergren","given":"Anna"},{"family":"Mooe","given":"Thomas"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/03009742.2025.2544409","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03009742.2025.2544409","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410844803","type":"manuscript","title":"Impact of High-Concentration Biofuels on Cylinder Lubricating Oil Performance in Low-Speed Two-Stroke Marine Diesel Engines","abstract":"With the implementation of the ISO 8217-2024 marine fuel standard, the use of high-concentration biofuels in ships has become viable. However, relatively few studies have been conducted on the effects of biofuels on the cylinder lubrication performance of low-speed, two-stroke marine diesel engines. In this study, catering waste oil was blended with 180 cSt low-sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) to prepare biofuels with volume fractions of 24% (B24) and 50% (B50). These biofuels were evaluated in a MAN marine diesel engine under load conditions of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 90%. The experimental results showed that, at the same engine load, the use of B50 biofuel led to lower kinematic viscosity and oxidation degree of the cylinder residual oil, but higher total base number (TBN), nitration level, PQ index, and concentrations of wear elements (Fe, Cu, Cr, Mo). These results indicate that the wear of the cylinder liner-piston ring interface was more severe when using B50 biofuel compared with B24 biofuel. For the same type of fuel, as the engine load increased, the kinematic viscosity and TBN of the residual oil decreased, while the PQ index and concentrations of Fe, Cu, Cr, and Mo increased, reflecting the aggravated wear severity. Ferrographic analysis further revealed that ferromagnetic wear particles in the oil mainly consisted of normal wear debris. When using B50 biodiesel, a small amount of fatigue wear particles were detected. These findings offer crucial insights for optimizing biofuel utilization and improving cylinder lubrication systems in marine engines.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Enrui"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Guichen"},{"family":"Li","given":"Qiuyu"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Saihao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.20944/preprints202505.2347.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202505.2347.v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410831062","type":"article-journal","title":"Trinucleotide substrates under pH–freeze–thaw cycles enable open-ended exponential RNA replication by a polymerase ribozyme","abstract":"RNA replication is considered a key process in the origins of life. However, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic RNA replication cycles are impeded by the 'strand separation problem', a form of product inhibition arising from the extraordinary stability of RNA duplexes and their rapid reannealing kinetics. Here we show that RNA trinucleotide triphosphates can overcome this problem by binding to and kinetically trapping dissociated RNA strands in a single-stranded form, while simultaneously serving as substrates for replication by an RNA polymerase ribozyme. When combined with coupled pH and freeze-thaw cycles, this enabled exponential replication of both (+) and (-) strands of double-stranded RNAs, including a fragment of the ribozyme itself. Subjecting random RNA sequence pools to open-ended replication yielded either defined replicating RNA sequences or the gradual emergence of diverse sequence pools. The latter derived from partial ribozyme self-replication alongside generation of new RNA sequences, and their composition drifted towards hypothesized primordial codons. These results unlock broader opportunities to model primordial RNA replication.","author":[{"family":"Attwater","given":"James"},{"family":"Augustin","given":"Teresa"},{"family":"Curran","given":"Joseph"},{"family":"Kwok","given":"Samantha"},{"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"Luis"},{"family":"Gianni","given":"Edoardo"},{"family":"Holliger","given":"Philipp"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41557-025-01830-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-025-01830-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7203441119","type":"article-journal","title":"Ni/CeO2 catalysts incorporated with cassava-peel-derived biochar for CO2 methanation: Effects of biochar activation and impregnation route","abstract":"Modifying highly active Ni/CeO 2 catalysts with less expensive materials whilst maintaining their catalytic activity is a challenging yet intriguing research direction. Herein, biochar was engineered from cassava peels and introduced into a Ni/CeO 2 -based catalyst for methanation. The as-prepared catalysts were tested for CO 2 methanation in a temperature range of 250 °C – 400 °C at a volumetric weight hourly space velocity of 30,000 mL·g −1 ·h −1 . Systematic analysis of the prepared materials was conducted to elucidate the performance–characterisation relationship. The incorporation of biochar resulted in modified Ni/CeO 2 catalysts with favourable textural properties and Ni crystallite sizes (25–37 nm). Sequential impregnation was found to be an effective procedure to fabricate biochar-modified Ni/CeO 2 catalysts with high catalytic activity corresponding to a CO 2 conversion of 74.8% and a CH 4 selectivity of over 98% at 350 °C. This high catalytic activity remained stable without any significant deactivation throughout a 100-hour stability test. Although further development is still needed, the obtained results show the potential of utilising low-value biomass resources to tailor a high-performance catalyst with good catalytic activity and stability during methanation.","author":[{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Hong"},{"family":"Phan","given":"Canh"},{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Truong"},{"family":"Do","given":"Ba"},{"family":"Dang","given":"Bao"},{"family":"Huynh","given":"Thanh"},{"family":"Van","given":"Hoang"},{"family":"Dang","given":"Van"},{"family":"Pham","given":"Thi"},{"family":"Huynh","given":"Ky"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.cscee.2026.101459","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscee.2026.101459","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7154049796","type":"article-journal","title":"Research on fatigue crack propagation life prediction model based on Kriging method","abstract":"Abstract Microcracks, commonly found in mechanical structures, critically influence component integrity and service life through their evolution under cyclic loading, which exhibits strong nonlinearity and path dependence. Traditional 3D fatigue crack growth analysis often suffers from high computational cost and convergence difficulties. To overcome these limitations, this study develops a Kriging-based surrogate model for microcrack propagation after verifying the consistency between experimental data and finite element results. By constructing a five-dimensional feature space capturing the relationships among fatigue parameters, stress ratio, residual stress, load amplitude, and crack growth rate, the model achieves an efficient mathematical representation of crack evolution. Numerical verification confirms that the surrogate model maintains predictive accuracy while drastically reducing computation time by orders of magnitude compared to conventional finite element methods, additionally avoiding complex remeshing and convergence issues.","author":[{"family":"Yao","given":"Mingyang"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Lijia"},{"family":"Jin","given":"Tianle"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1742-6596/3213/1/012040","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3213/1/012040","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131093819","type":"article-journal","title":"Survival of women with cervical cancer in northern Brazil / Sobrevida de mulheres com câncer do colo do útero no norte do Brasil","abstract":"Objetivo: analisar a sobrevida de mulheres com câncer de colo do útero atendidas no Hospital Geral de Roraima. Método: coorte retrospectiva, realizada por meio da análise fichas de seguimentos de mulheres com câncer do colo do útero cadastradas no Sistema do Registro Hospitalar de Câncer do Hospital Geral de Roraima e no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade entre 2018. Resultados: foram incluídas 271 mulheres com câncer do colo do útero. O tempo de seguimento variou de 10 dias a 72 meses, no final do seguimento 201 (74,6%) estavam vivas e foram observadas por 72 meses (censuras) e 66 (24,4%) foram a óbito por câncer do colo do útero (falhas). A taxa de sobrevida específica foi de 54,3%. Conclusão: a taxa de sobrevida específica assemelha-se às taxas de outras regiões do país, havendo necessidade de novos estudos sobre o tema para melhor conhecer o rastreamento utilizado no estado.","author":[{"family":"Silva","given":"João"},{"family":"Dias","given":"Bárbara"},{"family":"Fuly","given":"Patrí­cia"},{"family":"Alves","given":"Valdecyr"},{"family":"Siqueira","given":"Pedro"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v18.14340","URL":"https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v18.14340","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7203713932","type":"article-journal","title":"Characterization of construction and demolition wastes for valorization as raw materials resource","abstract":"Construction and Demolition Waste (C&DW) comprises a heterogeneous mixture of materials, including concrete, brick, marble, tile, asphalt, mortar, and plaster. Since concrete is the most widely used man-made material, and cement production remains a primary source of global CO2 emissions, recycling of C&DW as secondary raw materials is essential for advancing the circular economy and preserving natural resources. While C&DW is generally utilized as filler, road base, or aggregate, the sequestration of CO2 to produce recycled carbonated aggregate (RCA) has gained importance. However, effective valorization depends on comprehensive chemical and mineralogical characterization. In this study, C&DW from an earthquake waste disposal site in Malatya (Türkiye) was characterized by utilizing XRD, XRF, ICP, elemental (CHNS), Mineral Liberation Analysis (MLA), and TGA/DTA analysis techniques. XRF results indicated a complex composition primarily dominated by calcium carbonate (39.87% CaO), with significant concentrations of SiO2 (17.963%) and considerable amounts of Al2O3 (4.146%). MLA revealed the complexity of the sample, as all the phases are intricately locked together, and the liberation required excessive grinding. The results further indicated that some valuable constituents (e.g., Al and Si) in C&DW can be recovered through metallurgical processing following liberation. Residual materials from hydrometallurgical treatment can subsequently undergo CO2 sequestration-based carbonation to produce recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for use in the construction industry.","author":[{"family":"Sis","given":"Hi̇kmet"},{"family":"Erdemoğlu","given":"Murat"},{"family":"Kıyak","given":"Tufan"},{"family":"Aydemir","given":"Muhammet"},{"family":"Şentürk","given":"Kader"},{"family":"Birinci","given":"Mustafa"},{"family":"Bentli","given":"İsmail"},{"family":"Sarıcı","given":"Didem"},{"family":"Erdemoglu","given":"Sema"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.37190/ppmp/231237","URL":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/231237","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155049909","type":"article-journal","title":"Stakeholder engagement in hubs for circularity in Europe","abstract":"This research highlights the critical role of stakeholder engagement in the successful implementation of industrial symbiosis (IS) in the circular economy (CE). Although stakeholder engagement is recognised as a key driver in advancing circular economy models, research in this area is limited. In this paper, we examine four industrial hubs within the context of the IS2H4C project. These hubs are referred to as Hubs for Circularity (H4C) and are located in Spain, the Netherlands, Germany and Turkey. Qualitative interviews with key stakeholders from industry, policy, academia and society were used as the research method. The results show that a stakeholder analysis alone is insufficient for H4Cs. This research proved that active and continuous engagement is necessary, with a regional and local approach. Governance structures at these levels are key to long-term engagement. The results suggest that regulatory frameworks, such as the ReFuelEU Aviation Regulation in the German hub, are the main drivers of stakeholder participation, as well as infrastructure delays. Industrial clusters and companies also play an active role in promoting social acceptance, as do trade unions. However, in order to create a sustainable and inclusive environment involving all categories of stakeholders, including society, academia, industry and politics, it is essential to coordinate local and regional authorities, including universities and research institutes. Key barriers include the high cost of investment and uncertainty surrounding long-term financing, both of which can hinder the scalability of hydrogen technologies and sustainable aviation fuel. All hubs face challenges relating to the complexity and instability of regulations. This undermines stakeholder trust, particularly among investors and private companies. Finally, a shortage of skilled labour and limited public acceptance, particularly with regard to safety and environmental concerns, pose ongoing social and implementation challenges.","author":[{"family":"Kohlgrüber","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Götting","given":"Adrian"},{"family":"Maldonado-Mariscal","given":"Karina"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1051/mattech/2026012","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2026012","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7162546321","type":"article-journal","title":"Exploring Calixarenes Functionalization for CO 2 Capture : A Short Review","abstract":"Abstract Calixarenes are adaptable macrocyclic hosts with tunable cavities and functionalizable rims, making them promising for selective CO 2 capture. Modifications such as amine incorporation, metal coordination, porous polymerization, and integration into MOFs or polymer membranes enhance adsorption capacity, selectivity, and recyclability through cooperative interactions like hydrogen bonding and Lewis acid–base coordination. Hybrid frameworks provide hierarchical porosity and efficient diffusion, surpassing conventional sorbents. Challenges remain in mixed-gas adsorption, moisture tolerance, and scalable synthesis. Future research should target molecular-level understanding, stable regenerable frameworks, and multifunctional systems coupling CO 2 capture with catalytic or electrochemical conversion.","author":[{"family":"Fauziyyah","given":"H"},{"family":"Kavitaningrum"},{"family":"Gunawan","given":"T"},{"family":"Yulianto","given":"AN"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1755-1315/1628/1/012010","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1628/1/012010","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155528649","type":"article-journal","title":"Stakeholder engagement in hubs for circularity in Europe","abstract":"This research highlights the critical role of stakeholder engagement in the successful implementation of industrial symbiosis (IS) in the circular economy (CE). Although stakeholder engagement is recognised as a key driver in advancing circular economy models, research in this area is limited. In this paper, we examine four industrial hubs within the context of the IS2H4C project. These hubs are referred to as Hubs for Circularity (H4C) and are located in Spain, the Netherlands, Germany and Turkey. Qualitative interviews with key stakeholders from industry, policy, academia and society were used as the research method. The results show that a stakeholder analysis alone is insufficient for H4Cs. This research proved that active and continuous engagement is necessary, with a regional and local approach. Governance structures at these levels are key to long-term engagement. The results suggest that regulatory frameworks, such as the ReFuelEU Aviation Regulation in the German hub, are the main drivers of stakeholder participation, as well as infrastructure delays. Industrial clusters and companies also play an active role in promoting social acceptance, as do trade unions. However, in order to create a sustainable and inclusive environment involving all categories of stakeholders, including society, academia, industry and politics, it is essential to coordinate local and regional authorities, including universities and research institutes. Key barriers include the high cost of investment and uncertainty surrounding long-term financing, both of which can hinder the scalability of hydrogen technologies and sustainable aviation fuel. All hubs face challenges relating to the complexity and instability of regulations. This undermines stakeholder trust, particularly among investors and private companies. Finally, a shortage of skilled labour and limited public acceptance, particularly with regard to safety and environmental concerns, pose ongoing social and implementation challenges.","author":[{"family":"Kohlgrüber","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Götting","given":"Adrian"},{"family":"Maldonado-Mariscal","given":"Karina"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1051/mattech/2026012/pdf","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2026012/pdf","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204624327","type":"article-journal","title":"Climate benefits of Power-to-X pathways utilizing green hydrogen – A contradiction of regional and international emission savings","abstract":"Abstract Renewable Power-to-X solutions can provide extensive emission savings by replacing fossil feedstocks directly in the producing country or through exports. This study is based on the hypothesis that different PtX pathways contribute to emission savings in varying amounts. Emission savings from different PtX pathways were quantified by conducting life-cycle assessments using Finland as a case study. Surplus e-products substitute conventional products in Central Europe. The investigated H2 utilisation pathways were e-H2, e-methane, e-methanol, e-fuels, e-ammonia, and green steel. For Finland, grey H2 was always replaced by e-H2. The largest emission savings were achieved when producing green steel (∼17.5 MtCO2-eq). The second largest savings can be achieved when utilising e-H2 for fuel-cell vehicles (∼15 MtCO2-eq), followed by e-ammonia (∼14 MtCO2-eq) and e-methanol (∼11 MtCO2-eq) production. In some cases, production-related emissions exceed the benefits of substitution in Finland if there is insufficient demand for the product, such as in the case of e-ammonia and e-methanol.Production pathways that maximize global emission reductions may differ substantially from those that maximize regional reductions, particularly when domestic demand is low relative to low-carbon production potential. This discrepancy arises because production-based accounting allocates manufacturing emissions to the producing region, even when the resulting low-carbon products deliver emission reductions elsewhere. These contradictions in emission savings may render climate mitigation actions inefficient if only national targets are considered.","author":[{"family":"Sillman","given":"Jani"},{"family":"Husain","given":"Patel"},{"family":"Havukainen","given":"Jouni"},{"family":"Alfasfos","given":"Rami"},{"family":"Lipiäinen","given":"Satu"},{"family":"Karjunen","given":"Hannu"},{"family":"Tuomaala","given":"Mari"},{"family":"Soukka","given":"Risto"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ce/zkag060","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkag060","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416769051","type":"article-journal","title":"Decarbonizing Indonesia’s Nickel Smelters: Implications for Energy Security, Carbon Pricing, and Green Finance Policies","abstract":"As the world’s largest nickel producer, Indonesia faces critical challenges in decarbonizing its nickel smelting sector while maintaining economic growth. This study addresses the lack of integrated assessments of carbon pricing impacts and green finance mechanisms in Indonesia’s nickel industry, using exclusively secondary data from government reports (BPS, MEMR), global databases (IEA, Global Carbon Atlas), and policy documents. A gate-to-gate Life Cycle Assessment (ISO 14044) reveals that Indonesian nickel smelters emit 14.8 tons CO₂-eq per ton of product (IEA, 2023), 25% higher than the global average. Economic modeling, based on nickel price trends (LME, 2020–2023) and carbon tax scenarios, indicates that a $40/ton CO₂ tax would raise production costs by 15%, reducing export competitiveness by 6.2% under current market conditions. Policy analysis highlights the feasibility of green bonds and fiscal incentives for renewable energy adoption, referencing successful cases in the Philippines (RE Law, 2022). These findings provide a data-driven framework for aligning Indonesia’s nickel industry with its 2060 net-zero target, emphasizing the role of secondary data in shaping low-carbon transitions for resource-rich economies.","author":[{"family":"Sari","given":"Servo"},{"family":"Sasongko","given":"Nugroho"},{"family":"Yoesgiantoro","given":"Donny"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.33369/pendipa.9.3.905-912","URL":"https://doi.org/10.33369/pendipa.9.3.905-912","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131881932","type":"manuscript","title":"Beyond Ribosomal Mutations: Identification of MPN_080 as a Novel ATPase-Dependent Determinant of Macrolide Resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae","abstract":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a significant pathogen responsible for community-acquired respiratory infections in children and adolescents, with the rising prevalence of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae (MRMP), particularly in Asia, presenting critical treatment challenges. Our previous study inferred that macrolide efflux pump may contribute to macrolide resistance in M. pneumoniae in addition to the common point mutations in 23S rRNA gene. This study aimed to define the specific pump and confirm its role. Through comparative genomic analysis, we identified a candidate gene, MPN_080, encoding an ABC transporter permease, which was further characterized using phylogenetic analysis, AlphaFold-based structural modeling, and biochemical assays. Overexpression of MPN_080 from an erythromycin-resistant isolate in the erythromycin-sensitive M129, and resulted in a significant increase in minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) from <0.125 µg/mL to 1 µg/mL, while similar overexpression of MPN_080 derived from M129 did not affect MICs. Notably, this resistance mechanism operates independently of M. pneumoniae virulence factors, as evidenced by unaltered colonization capacity in NCI-H292 cells and consistent immune response patterns across both strains. Our findings establish MPN_080 as a novel determinant of macrolide resistance functioning through an ATPase-dependent mechanism, distinct from classical 23S rRNA mutations. These insights into non-classical resistance mechanisms may guide future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against MRMP.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Shaoli"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Yuyan"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Fei"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiuwei"},{"family":"Li","given":"ZJ"},{"family":"Liu","given":"LD"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Junting"},{"family":"Diao","given":"Mei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.20944/preprints202602.1588.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202602.1588.v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155546475","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing Waste Heat Recovery in Marine Power Plants","abstract":"In today’s world, the demand for marine industries to improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact from marine power plants through waste heat recovery (WHR) is increasing daily. The energy efficiency of the marine engine is about 50% with a large amount of energy removed as waste heat, especially in exhaust gases. The present research paper proposes the optimization of the WHR by adopting the artificial neural network (ANN) model, exploring real-world data extracted from marine power plants on board to investigate the optimization of waste heat recovery. The ANN model, which was trained with operational parameters including exhaust gas temperature, engine load and ambient conditions, showed a very good predictive capability producing an R2 of 0.95, RMSE of 3.85kW, and MAE of 2.68kW. The ANN model proved to be more accurate and reliable than conventional thermodynamic methods considering fluctuating operational conditions. As indicated by the sensitivity analysis, exhaust gas temperature and engine load were found to produce the greatest impact on the potential of WHR. The results have a tremendous impact on the maritime sector, enabling ship operators and owners to improve efficiency and sustainability while reducing exhaust gas emissions.","author":[{"family":"Theophilus-Johnson","given":"Kombo"},{"family":"Jaja","given":"Goodnews"},{"family":"Chuku","given":"Azubuike"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.31217/p.40.2.2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.31217/p.40.2.2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125527095","type":"article-journal","title":"Development of volumetric adsorption system for multicomponent gas capture: Utilizing bio-metal organic framework for CO","abstract":"A novel three-chamber volumetric multicomponent gas system is developed to monitor CO₂ adsorption for carbon capture systems. Using ultrasonic-synthesized Bio-MOF Co-Glu adsorbent, a water bath and coil heaters has been maintained isothermal conditions for CO₂ adsorption in an 85:15 CO₂/N2 at 27°C and pressures of 12 bars. Both measuring cells (Main Chamber-1 and Main Chamber-2) showed a maximum CO₂ adsorption capacity of 0.12 g/g. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller confirmed, biological metal organic framework doped Cobalt Glu gas capture capabilities with its crystalline structure, functional groups, and wide surface area. Advanced volumetric methods for multicomponent gas adsorption estimate partial pressures and individual gas uptakes in mixtures based on a volumetric framework, with non-ideal gas behaviour, The results show that the biological metal organic framework doped Cobalt Glu adsorbent coupled with volumetric equipment may advance multicomponent gas adsorption research.","author":[{"family":"Yulia","given":"Fayza"},{"family":"Fathurrahman","given":"Wildan"},{"family":"Indrawan","given":"Wisnu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1051/e3sconf/202669102002/pdf","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202669102002/pdf","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7162185360","type":"article-journal","title":"India's Net Zero 2070 Trajectory: A Geospatial Analysis A Multisectoral and Spatial Policy Assessment","abstract":"India's Net Zero 2070 Trajectory: A Geospatial Analysis undertakes a multisectoral and spatially differentiated assessment of the feasibility of India's long-term decarbonization commitment. Framed through a refined Geospatially Differentiated Just Transition Model (GDJTM) and a geospatially extended Kaya Identity, the paper interrogates how mitigation elasticity varies across energy, industry, transport, and land-use systems, and how these sectoral pathways intersect with regional disparities in resource endowments, institutional capacity, and just transition needs. Drawing on recent evidence for baseline emissions growth, peak-year sensitivity under alternative NDC intensification scenarios, and the spatial distribution of emission hotspots, the analysis highlights a pronounced mismatch between coaldependent production zones in Central and Eastern India and high-renewable transition corridors in the West and South. Particular attention is given to financing architecture, costof-capital differentials, macroeconomic multipliers, and the political economy of coal phasedown. The study argues that Net Zero feasibility hinges on region-specific transition compacts that sequence technological deployment, fiscal realignment, and social protection in a spatially targeted and globally competitive manner. It concludes that a geospatially explicit, justicecentred planning architecture—combining advanced earth observation, integrated assessment modelling, and spatially differentiated climate finance—is indispensable if India is to compress its mitigation window between 2040 and 2070 without compromising developmental imperatives.","author":[{"family":"Kumaran","given":"TV"},{"family":"Poyyamoli","given":"G"},{"family":"Thirunavukkarasu","given":"S"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.53422/jdms/2026.132803","URL":"https://doi.org/10.53422/jdms/2026.132803","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7172032203","type":"article-journal","title":"In-hospital inflammatory-nutritional-renal trajectory phenotypes and 90-day readmission or mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: a retrospective cohort study","abstract":"Background: Patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) remain at high risk for early readmission and death after discharge. Static biomarkers may not fully capture the evolving inflammatory, nutritional, and renal status during hospitalization. We aimed to identify in-hospital inflammatory-nutritional-renal trajectory phenotypes and assess their associations with 90-day post-discharge outcomes. Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 633 adults hospitalized with ADHF between January 2018 and December 2025 who survived to discharge and had serial measurements of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), serum albumin, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at admission, 48-72 h after admission, and before discharge. Multivariate latent class mixed modelling was used to identify trajectory phenotypes. The primary outcome was all-cause readmission or all-cause mortality within 90 days after discharge. Associations were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression, with supplementary time-to-event analyses. Results: = 89, 14.0%). Event rates were 14.9%, 33.2%, and 61.8%, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, Phenotype 2 (odds ratio [OR], 2.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-3.35) and Phenotype 3 (OR, 4.85; 95% CI, 2.58-9.12) were associated with the primary outcome. Additional adjustment for baseline NLR, albumin, and eGFR attenuated but did not eliminate these associations. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve increased from 0.732 for the clinical model to 0.754 after adding baseline biomarkers and to 0.768 after further adding trajectory phenotype. Conclusions: In-hospital inflammatory-nutritional-renal trajectory phenotypes were associated with graded 90-day risks after ADHF discharge and provided limited additional prognostic information beyond baseline clinical and biomarker data. Prospective external validation is required before clinical implementation.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Jianchao"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Hongtao"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Junbo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fcvm.2026.1900715","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1900715","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163908723","type":"article-journal","title":"A New Power–Chemicals Cogeneration Design for Thermal Power Stations with CO2 Capture and Utilization","abstract":"Combining oxygen-enriched combustion CO2 capture technology and CO2 hydrogenation with methanol technology, a new power–chemicals cogeneration (PCC) design is proposed for thermal power stations with CO2 capture and utilization under the power-to-liquid concept. For material integration, CO2 from an oxygen-enriched thermal power station and H2 from water electrolysis using renewable power serve as raw materials for the methanol production process. O2 from water electrolysis using renewable power is supplied to the oxygen-enriched thermal power station; thus, electricity can be saved and investment in an air separation unit can be beneficial. For energy integration, power for gas compression and heat for methanol rectification in the methanol production process are supplied by an oxygen-enriched thermal power station. The energy released from the methanol production process is fully recovered for extra power generation. Energy analysis results show that a high CO2 capture and utilization ratio, which is defined as the ratio of the captured and utilized CO2 to the total CO2 generation, of 78.1% could be achieved. By integrating the system in a 600 MW thermal power station, the net power generation and methanol production of the proposed design reaches 473.1 MW and 56.1 kg/s, respectively. Economic analysis results show that the power cost is estimated to be 62.8 $/MWh, which has great market competitiveness compared to the conventional thermal power station with CO2 capture. Due to the saved material expense and power and heat expense, the methanol cost is reduced from 1.33 $/kg to 1.20 $/kg. The H2 expense by water electrolysis using renewable power has a decisive influence on the methanol cost.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"YN"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Ran"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Changyang"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Jianguo"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Huanyu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Bi","given":"Xiaotao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19122744","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19122744","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125409477","type":"article-journal","title":"Development of volumetric adsorption system for multicomponent gas capture: Utilizing bio-metal organic framework for CO 2 adsorption","abstract":"A novel three-chamber volumetric multicomponent gas system is developed to monitor CO₂ adsorption for carbon capture systems. Using ultrasonic-synthesized Bio-MOF Co-Glu adsorbent, a water bath and coil heaters has been maintained isothermal conditions for CO₂ adsorption in an 85:15 CO₂/N2 at 27°C and pressures of 12 bars. Both measuring cells (Main Chamber-1 and Main Chamber-2) showed a maximum CO₂ adsorption capacity of 0.12 g/g. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller confirmed, biological metal organic framework doped Cobalt Glu gas capture capabilities with its crystalline structure, functional groups, and wide surface area. Advanced volumetric methods for multicomponent gas adsorption estimate partial pressures and individual gas uptakes in mixtures based on a volumetric framework, with non-ideal gas behaviour, The results show that the biological metal organic framework doped Cobalt Glu adsorbent coupled with volumetric equipment may advance multicomponent gas adsorption research.","author":[{"family":"Yulia","given":"Fayza"},{"family":"Fathurrahman","given":"Wildan"},{"family":"Indrawan","given":"Wisnu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1051/e3sconf/202669102002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202669102002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416290306","type":"article-journal","title":"Canada's Clean Energy Transition Post-Inflation Reduction Act","abstract":"Policy-makers in major economies face the dual challenge of reducing emissions for long- term environmental benefits while maintaining economic stability in the short term. The United States’s Inflation Reduction Act marks a pivotal move for the US in that direction, offering both challenges and opportunities for Canada as it strives to meet its own net-zero emissions target by 2050. This article focuses on Canada’s federal policies, the effects of which have been underwhelming thus far. Canada is not on track to meet its emission targets and faces a growing productivity crisis. This article encourages Canadian policy-makers to consider streamlining regulations and clarifying investment tax credits to better stimulate investment in decarbonization and emissions reductions in the energy sector and surrounding industries. Canada should focus on developing a more robust national industrial strategy that directly supports clean energy development and leverages its existing strengths in areas like carbon capture and clean electricity. By aligning with global environmental movements and utilizing its geographical and existing resource strengths, Canada can build a more resilient economy while meeting its environmental targets.","author":[{"family":"Maccarthy","given":"Cameron"},{"family":"Stroete","given":"Cailin"},{"family":"Radaj","given":"Arba"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.29173/alr2810","URL":"https://doi.org/10.29173/alr2810","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171803091","type":"article-journal","title":"Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential in Cardiovascular Disease: Gene-Specific Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications","abstract":"-CHIP carriers, but this observation remains hypothesis-generating and requires adequately powered, CHIP-stratified outcome trials. Current translational work includes CHIP-enriched studies of inflammasome and IL-1-pathway blockade, ongoing large outcome trials targeting IL-6 in residual inflammatory risk, and gene-informed strategies for thromboinflammatory CHIP subtypes. This article is a narrative review that synthesizes mechanistic, epidemiologic, and translational evidence rather than a systematic review based on a formal search strategy. This review develops a gene-centric framework that connects molecular mechanisms, cardiovascular phenotypes, and emerging therapeutic opportunities, while emphasizing the evidence gaps that must be closed before CHIP-directed precision cardiology can be considered clinically actionable.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xuejiao"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Hongguang"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Shuo"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ying"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.2147/ijgm.s626604","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijgm.s626604","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171663267","type":"article-journal","title":"Pressure-Adjusted Heart Rate Predicts Mortality and Resource Utilization in Cardiogenic Shock: An Analysis of the MIMIC-IV Database","abstract":"Background: Pressure-Adjusted Heart Rate (PAHR) is a novel hemodynamic index in cardiogenic shock (CS); however, its dynamic outcome remains underexplored. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, which utilized the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, PAHR was calculated using at least 12 time-matched values of mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), and heart rate (HR) over the first 48 h. Patients receiving early mechanical circulatory support (MCS) were excluded. Multivariable regression assessed PAHR’s association with mortality, requirement of renal replacement therapy (RRT), and invasive mechanical ventilation. Effect estimates were reported per 10-unit increments of PAHR. Results: A total of 772 patients with CS were included. Mean PAHR was 15.9 ± 7.0. In our multivariable analysis, every 10-unit PAHR increase independently predicted in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.45–2.68; p < 0.001). Using statistically comparable increments, PAHR showed strong association with in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.45–2.68; p < 0.001) and ICU mortality (adjusted OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.35–2.54; p < 0.001). PAHR strongly predicted the use of RRT (aOR 2.69; p < 0.001) and invasive mechanical ventilation (aOR 2.11; p < 0.001). Among survivors, higher PAHR predicted prolonged ICU stay and vasopressor duration (p < 0.001). Conclusion: PAHR is a promising integrated marker of mortality and morbidity in patients with CS. It serves as a sustained predictor of outcomes, though external validation is required.","author":[{"family":"Omar","given":"Kosar"},{"family":"Abofrekha","given":"Bahy"},{"family":"Moumneh","given":"Mohamad"},{"family":"Ezzaher","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Zayed","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Itani","given":"Hadi"},{"family":"Vankayala","given":"Uday"},{"family":"Amor","given":"Martin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/jcdd13080357","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd13080357","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155225950","type":"article-journal","title":"High-Temperature and High-Pressure Two-Dimensional Miscible Water–Gas Injection and WAG Experimental Study","abstract":"In this study, a high-pressure large-scale 2D physical model was independently developed to conduct indoor 2D simulation experiments of miscible gas–water injection and water-alternating-gas (WAG) under reservoir temperature and pressure conditions. The experimental results show that when the water–gas ratio is 1∶1, the recovery rate in the gas-drive area is 2.8% to 5.4% in absolute terms higher than that in the water-drive area in different permeability zone, indicating that miscible gas drive can effectively increase the recovery rate compared to conventional water drive. When the water–gas ratio changed from 1∶3 to 1∶1 after gas breakthrough, the gas–oil ratio curve is close to that of 1∶1 injection, and the final recovery rate increased by 0.42%, indicating that increasing the gas injection volume before gas breakthrough has a minor effect on the final development outcome. After changing from a water–gas ratio of 1∶3 to WAG 1∶1 injection, the overall recovery rate increased by more than 10%, with the recovery rates in the water-drive and gas-drive areas increasing by approximately 12% and 6.5%, respectively, and the improvement in the relatively low-permeability area is more significant. This suggests that during the gas–water alternation process, the bubbles formed due to the mixture of gas and water increase the seepage resistance through the Jamin effect, inhibiting the flow of injected fluid in the high-permeability zone, while diverting more injected fluid to enter the low-permeability zone, thereby increasing the sweep efficiency of the low-permeability zone and partially mitigating the impact of reservoir heterogeneity. The research results provide experimental support for the selection of development methods and optimization of water-gas injection for deep-water oil fields.","author":[{"family":"Cao","given":"Shuchun"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xinguang"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Zhaobo"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Yisheng"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Ziteng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1061/jleed9.eyeng-6482","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jleed9.eyeng-6482","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7153166541","type":"article-journal","title":"O perfil da mulher atendida em consulta de enfermagem ginecológica na atenção primária à saúde","abstract":"Objetivo: avaliar o perfil das mulheres atendidas em consulta de enfermagem ginecológica no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal e analítico realizado por meio da análise de 135 prontuários de mulheres de 25 a 64 anos de idade que realizaram consulta de enfermagem ginecológica. Utilizou-se um instrumento validado para coleta de dados. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: predominaram mulheres adultas, casadas, com baixa escolaridade, dedicadas ao trabalho doméstico e com renda considerada suficiente. Identificaram-se doenças crônicas, conflitos familiares, prática religiosa frequente, além de elevada adesão aos métodos contraceptivos, contrastando com a baixa utilização da dupla proteção e o conhecimento limitado acerca do exame preventivo do câncer do colo do útero. Observou-se considerável ausência de registros sobre violência familiar e sexual e elevado número de informações incompletas. Conclusão: o perfil encontrado evidencia vulnerabilidades sociais e de saúde que impactam o cuidado feminino e reforçam a necessidade de estratégias educativas, acolhimento sensível e abordagem integral. Contribuições para a prática: o estudo subsidia melhorias nos processos assistenciais, qualifica o uso de instrumentos padronizados e fortalece a atuação do enfermeiro na promoção do cuidado integral, equitativo e centrado nas necessidades reais das mulheres.","author":[{"family":"Tavares","given":"Thaline"},{"family":"Dias","given":"Adriana"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Patrí­cia"},{"family":"Calheiros","given":"Christianne"},{"family":"Franco","given":"A"},{"family":"Freitas","given":"Patrícia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.36517/2175-6783.20262796430","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36517/2175-6783.20262796430","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125823500","type":"article-journal","title":"Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Industrial Hazardous Waste Incineration: The Case of Kocaeli, Türkiye","abstract":"Abstract This study evaluates the environmental performance of a hazardous waste incinerator with integrated electricity generation using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. The aim is to quantify the environmental impacts of hazardous waste incineration with energy recovery and to assess improvement options based on circular economy principles. Three systems were examined: the current situation (CS), a scenario including the beneficial reuse of incineration bottom ash (S1), and a carbon capture and utilization scenario involving CO₂-based methanol production (S2). The assessment followed a consequential LCA framework with system expansion to address multifunctionality by crediting avoided environmental impacts. The system boundary was defined as gate-to-grave, covering operational inputs, emissions to air and water, electricity generation, and final disposal of residues. Electricity produced from the Waste-to-Energy (WtE) plant was credited through substitution of the average Turkish electricity mix. The functional unit was set as 1 ton of waste entering the facility. Foreground data were obtained from a large-scale operating hazardous waste incinerator, while background processes were modelled using the Ecoinvent 3.7 database within SimaPro 9.2 Results show that electricity consumption is the major contributor to environmental burdens in the CS, with a climate change impact of 921 kg CO₂-eq per ton of waste. This impact decreased to 856 kg CO₂-eq/ton in S1 and to 51 kg CO₂-eq/ton in S2. Although S2 achieved the lowest impacts in most categories due to CO₂ capture and conversion, it exhibited higher particulate matter formation and freshwater ecotoxicity linked to steam use. S1 performed best in freshwater ecotoxicity through bottom ash reuse and metal recovery. Overall, the findings demonstrate that circular economy strategies and CO₂ capture technologies can significantly enhance the environmental sustainability of hazardous waste management.","author":[{"family":"Ata","given":"Abdullah"},{"family":"Çankaya","given":"Simge"},{"family":"Dede","given":"Şahan"},{"family":"Pekey","given":"Beyhan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s11270-026-09163-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-026-09163-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155412821","type":"article-journal","title":"Dənizdə qaz emalı və nəqli qurğularında korroziya monitorinqinin bəzi nəticələri","abstract":"Dəniz neft-qazçıxarma stasionar platformalarının (DNQSP) və onların üzərində quraşdırılmış texnoloji avadanlıqların uzunmüddətli istismarı ekstremal dəniz iqlim şəraitində onların əhəmiyyətli dərəcədə aşınmasına səbəb olmuşdur. Məlumdur ki, dəniz mühitində neft-qaz hasilatı zamanı DNQSP-nin metal konstruksiyalarına və avadanlıqlara tam kompleksli korroziya amilləri təsir göstərir. Aydındır ki, hasilat layların tam tükənməsinə qədər uzunmüddətli dövrdə davam edəcək. Bu müddət ərzində məhsulun yüksək keyfiyyətini qorumaqla yanaşı, təhlükəsiz əmək şəraiti də təmin edilməlidir. Korroziyadan müdafiənin mühüm məsələlərindən biri – mümkün qəza nəticələrinin ağır ola biləcəyi mərkəzləşdirilmiş toplama və kompressor qurğuları (MTQ və MKQ) daxil olmaqla, boru kəmərlərinin və avadanlıqların vəziyyətinin illik monitorinqidir. Monitorinq zamanı nümunələr korroziya şahidi kimi istifadə edilmiş, sensorun elektrik müqavimətindən istifadə etməklə korroziya ölçülmüş, avadanlığın divarlarının qalıq qalınlığı ölçülmüşdür. Tətbiq olunan antikorroziya mühafizə sistemlərinin təkmilləşdirilməsinə imkan verən elmi və tətbiqi tədqiqatların nəticələri məqalədə təqdim olunub.","author":[{"family":"Qəniyeva","given":"RY"},{"family":"Adıgözəlova","given":"MB"},{"family":"Rəsulov","given":"SR"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.52171/herald.382","URL":"https://doi.org/10.52171/herald.382","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118064563","type":"article-journal","title":"Quality of Life and Major Adverse Cardiac Events 1 Year After CABG: Comparison Between Elderly and Younger Patients","abstract":"Introduction Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of death worldwide, and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the standard treatment for severe cases. However, the influence of age on the risk of cardiac events and the recovery of quality of life after surgery remains unclear, particularly when patients before and after a key age threshold are compared. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of 231 patients who underwent isolated CABG at an academic center in Tehran, Iran. Of these, 203 survivors (61 aged ≤ 55 years and 142 aged > 55 years) completed a 1‐year follow‐up. We assessed major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and repeat revascularization and evaluated health‐related quality of life via the 36‐item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36). Results At 1 year, the overall mortality rate was approximately 7% ( n = 16), with younger patients having a lower rate (1.59%) than older adults did (8.93%). No significant differences were found in other MACEs ( p values: cardiac‐related readmission = 0.428, myocardial infarction = 0.555, heart failure hospitalization = 1), and the stroke incidence was 0% in both groups. Younger patients had significantly higher physical component scores ( p value = 0.012). After adjustment, older age was associated with lower odds of being in a higher mental component summary quartile (odds ratio = 0.53, p value = 0.048). Conclusion Older age was associated with slower recovery after CABG, both physically and mentally. Personalized rehabilitation and close follow‐up may improve outcomes. Age‐specific care strategies are essential for improving recovery and long‐term health.","author":[{"family":"Sadeghi","given":"Roxana"},{"family":"Taherpour","given":"Niloufar"},{"family":"Aghajani","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Kachoueian","given":"Naser"},{"family":"Mahjoob","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Omidi","given":"Fateme"},{"family":"Khatami","given":"Saeedreza"},{"family":"Sarveazad","given":"Arash"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1155/jocs/2838902","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jocs/2838902","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163559373","type":"article-journal","title":"Percepções e barreiras das usuárias das Estratégias de Saúde da Família de Goiatuba-GO sobre a prevenção do câncer de colo uterino: um estudo quantitativo","abstract":"Introdução: Inicialmente, destaca-se que o câncer de colo do útero permanece como relevante problema de saúde pública, apesar de ser amplamente prevenível por meio do rastreamento e da vacinação contra o HPV. Nesse contexto, a adesão ao exame de Papanicolau é influenciada por fatores relacionados ao conhecimento, percepções individuais e barreiras socioculturais, o que reforça a importância de investigar tais aspectos na atenção primária. Objetivos: O estudo analisou percepções, barreiras e fatores associados à adesão à prevenção do câncer de colo uterino em usuárias da ESF.Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com mulheres atendidas nas ESF, utilizando amostra por conveniência. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionário semiestruturado, e a análise contemplou estatística descritiva e inferencial, seguindo rigorosamente os preceitos éticos. Resultados e Discussão: Sob a ótica dos achados, verificou-se predomínio de conhecimento acerca do câncer de colo do útero, embora com lacunas importantes relacionadas ao HPV. Ademais, a percepção sobre o exame de Papanicolau mostrou-se majoritariamente positiva, com boa adesão, sobretudo na rede pública. Não obstante, fatores subjetivos, como medo e vergonha, destacaram-se como os principais entraves à realização do exame, mesmo diante de acesso considerado satisfatório. À luz desses resultados, observa-se que, embora o conhecimento geral seja satisfatório, persistem fragilidades que comprometem a adesão efetiva ao rastreamento. Nesse sentido, barreiras emocionais assumem papel central, sobrepondo-se, em muitos casos, às limitações estruturais, o que evidencia a necessidade de estratégias mais sensíveis às dimensões psicossociais das usuárias. Conclusão: Por fim, infere-se que o fortalecimento de ações educativas mais humanizadas e contínuas na atenção primária é fundamental para ampliar o conhecimento qualificado e reduzir barreiras subjetivas, contribuindo, assim, para a melhoria da adesão ao rastreamento e para a redução da incidência e mortalidade por câncer de colo do útero.","author":[{"family":"Amaral","given":"Júlia"},{"family":"Prates","given":"Isabela"},{"family":"Melo","given":"Arianne"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Balthasar"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Heloísa"},{"family":"Fagundes","given":"Angélica"},{"family":"Bretas","given":"Natália"},{"family":"Franco","given":"Valentina"},{"family":"Gondim","given":"Júlia"},{"family":"Neto","given":"Antônio"},{"family":"Alves","given":"Felipe"},{"family":"Borges","given":"Elisangela"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n6p133-151","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n6p133-151","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7123740929","type":"article-journal","title":"Analysis of Thoracic Radiograph Quality at Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon Regional General Hospital","abstract":"Introduction: Chest radiography is a fundamental imaging modality used to detect abnormalities of the lungs and heart. The quality of the produced images is critical to ensuring diagnostic accuracy. However, several challenges—such as variations in examination techniques, patient positioning, exposure parameters, and equipment condition—can compromise radiographic quality. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing chest radiography quality and to evaluate the imaging standards applied at the Radiology Department of Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon Regional General Hospital.A mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses, was employed. Quantitative data were obtained from 100 chest radiograph samples, while qualitative insights were gathered through in-depth interviews with radiographers and radiologists. The quantitative analysis revealed that 65% of the radiographs were of good quality, 25% were adequate, and 10% required repetition. Qualitative findings indicated that limited routine training, aging equipment, and inconsistencies in radiographic techniques among practitioners were key factors contributing to reduced image quality.Based on these findings, practical recommendations were proposed to enhance operational standards and strengthen human resource competencies. The study provides a valuable basis for continuous quality improvement in radiology services, particularly in hospitals within Eastern Indonesia","author":[{"family":"Rusli","given":"Rini"},{"family":"Ariyanto","given":"Bambang"},{"family":"Malisngorar","given":"Maritje"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.53690/ihj.v5i02.559","URL":"https://doi.org/10.53690/ihj.v5i02.559","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7171350061","type":"article-journal","title":"SAÚDE DA MULHER: A IMPORTÂNCIA DO EXAME CITOPATOLÓGICO-UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA","abstract":"INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer do colo do útero constitui um importante problema de saúde pública, estando associado principalmente à infecção persistente pelo Papilomavírus Humano (HPV), especialmente pelos subtipos 16 e 18. Apesar da disponibilidade de medidas preventivas eficazes, como a vacinação contra o HPV e o exame citopatológico de Papanicolau, a adesão ao rastreamento ainda é insuficiente. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, desenvolvido a partir das atividades práticas realizadas por acadêmicos do curso de Medicina da Universidade Ceuma em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde do município de Imperatriz-MA. As observações ocorreram durante o acompanhamento das consultas ginecológicas, incluindo acolhimento, anamnese, exame físico e coleta do material citopatológico, possibilitando a análise dos fatores envolvidos na realização do exame preventivo. RESULTADOS: As vivências permitiram identificar que muitas mulheres sexualmente ativas, inclusive com histórico de múltiplas gestações, nunca haviam realizado o exame de Papanicolau. Entre os fatores associados à baixa adesão destacaram-se o desconhecimento sobre a importância do rastreamento, sentimentos de medo e vergonha, além de dificuldades relacionadas ao acesso aos serviços de saúde. Observou-se ainda que o acolhimento humanizado, a escuta qualificada e as orientações fornecidas durante o atendimento contribuíram para maior segurança e aceitação do procedimento. DISCUSSÃO: Os achados corroboram a literatura ao demonstrar que fatores individuais, socioculturais e estruturais influenciam diretamente a adesão ao rastreamento do câncer cervical. Nesse contexto, a atuação do enfermeiro mostra-se fundamental tanto na realização adequada da coleta quanto na promoção da educação em saúde e no fortalecimento do vínculo com as usuárias. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Conclui-se que a baixa adesão ao exame citopatológico permanece um desafio para a prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, tornando necessário fortalecer ações educativas, ampliar o acesso aos serviços e qualificar a assistência prestada às mulheres.","author":[{"family":"Lira","given":"Nayra"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Luara"},{"family":"Leite","given":"Laís"},{"family":"Leal","given":"Alana"},{"family":"Sousa","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Romão","given":"Marcela"},{"family":"Godoy","given":"Janine"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n7p1081-1092","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n7p1081-1092","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7172342958","type":"article-journal","title":"Analysis of the potential impacts of hydrogen on the energy transition in Brazil and Paraguay","abstract":"ABSTRACT Hydrogen energy has attracted considerable attention and stimulated discussions as a favorable vector for the sustainable energy transition that is increasingly being pursued worldwide. This article presents an analysis of the possible impacts of hydrogen on the energy transition of Brazil and Paraguay. Due to the diversity of possibilities for the use of hydrogen, its inclusion as an energy vector in energy matrices is particularly relevant both in the analysis of each of the two countries individually, as well as their common points and complementarities due to their shared border and energy integration. The results describe, analyze and compare the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of each country, aiming to contribute to their national strategies. Political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal scenarios are also considered, verifying whether they are aligned with international strategies. The objective is to evaluate whether Brazil and Paraguay are adequately prepared to participate in the “Hydrogen Economy”, considering the potential impacts of including hydrogen as an energy vector in their energy matrices, seeking to contribute to increasing potential benefits and mitigating potential environmental, economic and technical problems associated with hydrogen production. It presents potential results in the areas of energy generation, as a component of industrial decarbonization and transportation, establishing relationships with theoretical references and analyzing the implications in the energy context. It explores the impacts of the hydrogen economy and its prospects, considering the challenges and opportunities for its implementation in energy matrices and presents conclusions and suggestions for the continuous improvement of the hydrogen economy in both countries.","author":[{"family":"Miguel","given":"Marcelo"},{"family":"Riveros-Godoy","given":"G"},{"family":"Zara","given":"Kátya"},{"family":"Padilha","given":"Janine"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1590/1517-7076-rmat-2026-0030","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-7076-rmat-2026-0030","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7202284323","type":"article-journal","title":"Penerapan Teknik Relaksasi Benson dalam Asuhan Keperawatan Pasien Stemi dengan Nyeri Dada di ICCU","abstract":"ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) triggers severe chest pain due to coronary occlusion, risking increased cardiac workload. Non-pharmacological management, such as Benson's Relaxation, is required as a complementary therapy. This scientific paper aims to analyze nursing care and the effectiveness of Benson's Relaxation Technique in reducing chest pain intensity among STEMI patients in the ICCU at RSD Gunung Jati, Cirebon City. This study used a descriptive qualitative design with a case study approach on Mrs. O (46 years old) presenting with Anteroseptal STEMI. Data were collected through anamnesis, observation, and medical records, with validity ensured via triangulation. The Benson intervention was administered for 15 minutes per session over 3 days. During the initial assessment, the patient presented with severe chest pain (scale 7) and hemodynamic instability (BP: 155/95 mmHg, HR: 110 bpm). The primary nursing diagnosis established was Acute Pain. After 3 days of intervention, the pain decreased progressively from a scale of 7 to 0 (pain completely resolved) and vital signs improved significantly (BP: 122/78 mmHg, HR: 76 bpm). Benson's Relaxation Technique is effective and safe to be utilized as a complementary therapy to reduce chest pain intensity and stabilize hemodynamic status in STEMI patients within the intensive care unit.","author":[{"family":"Handayani","given":"Cica"},{"family":"Karlina","given":"Nonok"},{"family":"Muadi","given":"Muadi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.62027/vitamedica.v4i1.855","URL":"https://doi.org/10.62027/vitamedica.v4i1.855","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133694663","type":"manuscript","title":"Late-Stage Aryl NCF₃ and SCF₃ Installation Enabled by Coupling Flow-Generated Anions with Aryl Thianthrenium Salts","abstract":"The incorporation of heteroatom-linked trifluoromethyl groups, such as N-trifluoromethyl (NCF₃) and trifluoromethylthio (SCF₃) motifs, remains challenging, particularly in the context of late-stage aryl functionalization. Herein, we report a flow-enabled platform that allows for the late-stage installation of NCF₃ and SCF₃ groups onto aryl frameworks through the coupling of flow-generated nucleophilic heteroatom-CF₃ anions with aryl thianthrenium salts. In this strategy, readily available organic precursors are converted on demand into NCF₃ and SCF₃ anions using a CsF-packed bed reactor, allowing safe handling of highly reactive fluorinated intermediates while minimizing fluorinated waste. The resulting anions are subsequently engaged in a copper-mediated, photocatalytic cross-coupling, enabling efficient formation of aryl-NCF₃ and aryl-SCF₃ bonds under mild conditions. The method exhibits broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance, and is applicable to the late-stage diversification of medicinally and agrochemically relevant molecules. Overall, this work expands the scope of nucleophilic CF₃X anions as viable partners in late-stage aryl functionalization and provides a modular platform for the discovery-oriented synthesis of fluorinated molecules.","author":[{"family":"Nagornîi","given":"Dmitrii"},{"family":"Valdés-Maqueda","given":"Álvaro"},{"family":"Stocchetti","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Kaplaneris","given":"Nikolaos"},{"family":"He","given":"Zhen"},{"family":"Noël","given":"Timothy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.26434/chemrxiv.15000577/v2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15000577/v2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409542562","type":"article-journal","title":"An analysis of characteristics and associated factors for re-contacts after EMS non-conveyance: a retrospective cohort study in the Netherlands","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Non-conveyed patients are a significant population within ambulance care. To gain insight in patient safety for this population, ambulance re-contacts within 72 h are monitored. However, little is known about the background of these non-conveyance cases with a re-contact. This study aims to investigate the incidence of re-contacts, analyse characteristics, and identify factors associated with re-contacts following non-conveyance. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of all non-conveyance cases and all associated re-contacts in two EMS regions in the Netherlands, Gelderland-Zuid and Gelderland-Midden. Data was collected from 1 January 2022 till 31 December 2022. Characteristics of non-conveyance cases with and without a re-contact within 72 h were compared and differences were analysed univariately. Logistic regression analyses were used to quantify bivariate and multivariable associations between characteristics of non-conveyance cases and EMS re-contact within 72 h. Associations are expressed in odds ratios with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: In the analysis of 19.563 cases, the overall incidence for an EMS re-contact within 72 h was 5.0% (N = 984/19.563), with 3.4% (669/19.563) within 24 h, 1.0% (195/19.563) within 24-48 h and 0.6% (120/19.563) within 48-72 h. In a subset of 13.010 complete cases, significant multivariable associations were observed between re-contacts and age > 65 (OR 2.15, CI 1.82-2.53), male gender (OR 1.39, CI 1.18-1.63), and medical complaints related to specialism 'Pulmonology' (OR 2.45, CI 1.67-3.64), 'Neurology' (OR 1.81, CI 1.28-2.59) and 'Traumatology/surgery' (OR 0.51, CI 0.34-0.76). Other significant associations were noted with night-time cases (OR 1.49, CI 1.21-1.82) and cases in which consultation or handover to a general practitioner occurred (OR 1.25, CI 1.06-1.47). CONCLUSIONS: A low overall incidence of EMS re-contacts indicates that non-conveyance within the EMS system is relatively safe. The likelihood of re-contact is higher for age above 65, male gender, and medical complaints within the specialisms of 'Pulmonology' and 'Neurology'. Non-conveyance cases that involve consultation or handover to a GP and cases occurring at night are also more likely to have a re-contact. The findings inform non-conveyance decision-making, and could serve as a starting point to adapt EMS curricula, and develop guidelines and protocols. This may fuel the enhancement of non-conveyance decision-making, thereby improving the quality of healthcare within the EMS system.","author":[{"family":"Speijers","given":"Renate"},{"family":"Ebben","given":"Remco"},{"family":"Eikendal","given":"Ties"},{"family":"Ruijs","given":"Lobke"},{"family":"Cuppen","given":"Franciscus"},{"family":"Vos","given":"Rien"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s13049-025-01365-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-025-01365-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7147298994","type":"article-journal","title":"Reservoir Engineering Evaluation of Water Rock Compatibility and Permeability Damage in PX Field","abstract":"Compatibility between injection fluids and reservoir rocks is a crucial factor in the success of waterflooding operations, particularly in reservoirs with complex characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate injection water–reservoir rock compatibility from a reservoir engineering perspective, focusing on permeability impairment mechanisms associated with fine migration and suspended solids during water injection in the PX Field. Rock samples were obtained from a selected formation, while injection water was collected from the Water Injection Plant (WIP). Laboratory experiments were conducted by injecting both Total Suspended Solids (TSS)-free water and water containing TSS into 1.5-inch core plugs positioned vertically in a Hassler-type core holder under an overburden pressure of 1,725 psi, backpressure of 250 psi, and room temperature conditions. Moreover, the injection water viscosity during the process of the experiment was 0.95 cP. The results showed a pronounced permeability reduction of up to 98% in the PX Field sample. The permeability decline occurred rapidly and intermittently in distinct stages, which initially proposed clay swelling as a possible mechanism. However, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis presented negligible smectite content, excluding clay swelling as the dominant cause of damage. Permeability impairment was primarily attributed to pore blockage from fine migration and suspended particles, as supported by particle size distribution (PSD) and TSS analyses. These results showed the importance of comprehensive rock–fluid compatibility evaluation before water injection implementation to minimize formation damage and optimize waterflooding performance.","author":[{"family":"Rahayu","given":"Cece"},{"family":"Hardi","given":"Maulana"},{"family":"Rizqullah","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Wardani","given":"Oktaviani"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.29017/scog.v49i1.1955","URL":"https://doi.org/10.29017/scog.v49i1.1955","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128300145","type":"article-journal","title":"A Study of High‐Emission Industries: How Policy, Strategy, and Technology Shape Corporate Social Responsibility Toward Carbon Neutrality","abstract":"ABSTRACT The extant carbon neutrality (CN) literature largely offers macro‐ or meso‐level analyses, providing limited insights into implementation experiences that could inform granular policymaking and industry strategies. To address this gap, we examine the lived CN experiences of firms in the transportation, energy, manufacturing, and construction sectors. Using multi‐wave qualitative data analyzed through Gioia's approach, we identify policy, strategic practices, carbon‐offsetting technologies, and emission‐reduction approaches as key drivers of CN implementation. Notably, we establish the microfoundations of CN implementation by uncovering the nuanced roles of strategic, managerial, and operational levels as bridging mechanisms that translate policy mandates into firm‐level decisions. Furthermore, we extend the theoretical understanding of the dual role of policy at the firm level, acting both as an enabling driver and a constraining factor. Finally, we propose the STEP framework, which conceptualizes CN implementation as a dynamic ecosystem of interacting forces operating within a feedback loop for continuous improvement and recalibration.","author":[{"family":"Luqman","given":"Adeel"},{"family":"Talwar","given":"Shalini"},{"family":"Almugren","given":"Hawazen"},{"family":"Kurucz","given":"Attila"},{"family":"Battisti","given":"Enrico"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/csr.70438","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.70438","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160282334","type":"article-journal","title":"A low-carbon hydrogen deployment model for Scotland","abstract":"The report describes the development of a hydrogen deployment model for Scotland and its use in testing potential deployment scenarios. The model provides a quantitative, user friendly tool for translating a variety of assumptions in to hydrogen demand projections and infrastructure requirements. The report describes the model’s use to test two scenarios, broadly aligned with International Energy Agency projections. The model proved to be most sensitive to two particular parameters: electricity prices and the availability of export infrastructure, highlighting these as priorities for policy and investment.","author":[{"family":"Mouelhi","given":"Ben"},{"family":"Nieto","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Lüth","given":"Alexandra"},{"family":"Raheli","given":"Enrica"},{"family":"Bush","given":"Ruth"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.7488/era/7184","URL":"https://doi.org/10.7488/era/7184","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7134073257","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrated Optimization for CO2 Flooding Injection–Production Parameters with Intelligent Algorithms and Numerical Simulation","abstract":"Carbon dioxide geological utilization and storage (CGUS) is a pivotal technology for achieving carbon neutrality. Its enhanced recovery and storage efficiency largely depend on whether or not the complex subsurface multiphysical fields can be predicted accurately to optimize the injection–production parameters. This study proposes a novel approach for the injection–production parameters optimization for CO2 flooding, integrating intelligent algorithms with numerical simulation. For conventional numerical simulation-based parameter optimization, the sensitivity rankings of different parameters through single-factor analysis are purely experience-based. Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) effectively addresses this deficiency. Furthermore, it combines numerical simulation with genetic algorithms, possessing both dynamic simulation and intelligent optimization capabilities. Numerical simulation is utilized to achieve accurate modeling and quantitative evaluation of different CO2 flooding injection–production parameters, while genetic algorithms enable the quantitative solution for the optimal values of each parameter. Analysis of typical case studies demonstrates that the approach effectively enhances the efficiency of injection–production parameter optimization and reduces the uncertainty in selecting optimal parameter values. It provides a scientific and efficient way for the parameter optimization of CO2 flooding development plans.","author":[{"family":"Gao","given":"L"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Ziqiang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yiqiang"},{"family":"Han","given":"Zhu"},{"family":"Lv","given":"Hongwei"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Hong"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Z"},{"family":"Chai","given":"Maojie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19051333","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19051333","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167795707","type":"article-journal","title":"Stochastic robust optimization of a hydrogen-integrated energy system considering multi-source-load uncertainties","abstract":"A stochastic robust optimization model for a hydrogen-integrated energy system (HIES) is proposed in this paper. The model simultaneously considers uncertainties in multi-source-load scenarios, including renewable energy fluctuations, hydrogen demand variations, and electric load randomness. A two-stage robust optimization framework is established to minimize system operating cost under uncertainty while ensuring system reliability and flexibility. A case study based on a regional hydrogen–power coupled network demonstrates that the proposed method effectively balances economy and robustness, achieving superior performance compared with deterministic and conventional robust optimization approaches.","author":[{"family":"Deng","given":"Qiaosheng"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Jing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.egyr.2026.109472","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2026.109472","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163999154","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing Ventilation Inlet and Outlet Configurations using a UQ-Informed Robotic Sensing Platform","abstract":"It is of paramount importance to provide Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) as it can improve health, productivity, and well-being of the users while reducing the energy consumption. Needless to mention that the building sector consumes nearly 40% global energy. IAQ is fundamentally dependent on the strategic placement of diffusers and exhausts, and a critical configuration for the placement of the valves can profoundly impact ventilation effectiveness, occupant comfort, and energy consumption. Traditional designs rely on simulations with predefined locations for the inlets and outlets, and static sensor locations, often failing to capture the complex, three-dimensional nature of indoor air distribution. This can lead to a performance gap between design intent and real-world operation. To rectify this predicament, this paper introduces a novel methodology that integrates a dynamic digital twin, autonomous robotic sensing, and uncertainty quantification (UQ) to identify robustly optimal ventilation configurations. The method utilizes a simulation platform to create a digital twin of the experimental setup equipped with air inlets and outlets. A mobile robotic agent then systematically establishes a baseline for the digital twin by autonomously navigating the space to generate high-resolution, spatio-temporal maps of thermal and air quality parameters for various inlet and outlet location scenarios. These rich datasets are used not for deterministic optimization, but to drive a UQ analysis that characterizes the performance robustness of each configuration against key real-world uncertainties, such as sensor error and fluctuations in supply airflow. The best layout was found to be sensitive to operational variance, whereas a UQ-informed robust layout yielded comparable average IAQ. This framework provides a new paradigm for the evidence-based design and virtual commissioning of ventilation systems. It ensures that selected configurations are not only efficient but also robust and reliable under the dynamic conditions of actual building operation.","author":[{"family":"Xiao","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Chahardoli","given":"Saeid"},{"family":"Lesan","given":"Mina"},{"family":"Sarker","given":"Avijit"},{"family":"Johannsen","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Arup"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1051/e3sconf/202671601049","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202671601049","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167087302","type":"article-journal","title":"Offshore Integrated Energy Systems for Low-Carbon Transition: A Review of Offshore Renewables, Geothermal Integration, Multi-Energy Coupling, and Optimization Methods","abstract":"Driven by the global low-carbon transition and the rapid expansion of marine energy development, offshore integrated energy systems are emerging as a critical configuration for coupling offshore renewable resources, geothermal and subsurface thermal resources, oil and gas infrastructure, hydrogen pathways, multi-carrier networks, and offshore loads. Unlike onshore integrated energy systems, offshore systems are constrained by resource intermittency, harsh marine environments, platform space and weight limits, long-distance transmission, operation and maintenance accessibility, safety risks, and cross-regional governance mechanisms. Recent studies have advanced offshore wind-to-hydrogen systems, oil and gas platform electrification, offshore energy hubs, platform repurposing, and offshore geothermal utilization. However, these studies remain fragmented in terms of system boundaries, multi-energy coupling mechanisms, engineering constraints, and optimization methods. This paper reviews offshore integrated energy systems from the perspectives of system configuration, key integration technologies, optimization and assessment methods, and future research needs. Offshore integrated energy systems are first classified into offshore renewable-energy-dominated systems, offshore wind–hydrogen systems, oil and gas platform integrated systems, offshore energy hubs and multi-carrier networks, decommissioned-platform repurposing systems, and offshore geothermal and repurposed-well systems. Resource-side, conversion-side, storage-side, network-side, and load-side integration technologies are then summarized. Capacity configuration, operational scheduling, stochastic and robust optimization, multi-objective optimization, energy, exergy, economic, and environmental (4E) assessment, advanced exergy analysis, and energy-hub modelling are further reviewed. Finally, key research gaps are identified, including resource uncertainty, offshore engineering constraints, multi-carrier network coupling, insufficient demonstration data, and policy and economic uncertainty. This review provides a structured reference for the modelling, integration, optimization, and demonstration of offshore integrated energy systems for low-carbon transition.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Lintong"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Dan"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Yue"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr14132162","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14132162","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7202183312","type":"article-journal","title":"Thermodynamic, Economic, and Environmental Assessment of Pressurized Pyrolysis Coupled With Oxygen‐Enriched Combustion for Coal‐Based Power‐and‐Methanol Polygeneration With CO 2 Capture","abstract":"To address the inherent energy penalties of carbon capture in coal‐fired power plants, this study proposes an advanced pressurized oxygen‐enriched polygeneration strategy for the cascading valorization of low‐rank coal. Full‐process models were developed in Aspen Plus for three polygeneration configurations and benchmarked against three conventional power systems with CO 2 capture, plus a reference plant without capture. The pressurized oxygen‐enriched polygeneration exhibits the best overall performance: it attains an energy efficiency of 45.97% (≈15% higher than its conventional counterpart) while maintaining high‐purity CO 2 suitable for storage (>95%) and near‐complete capture (≈99.3%) with markedly reduced capture power demand (CPU ≈ 28 MW). Compared with atmospheric polygeneration, pressurization enhances chemical‐product exergy output and further lowers system‐wide losses, leading to the lowest monetized environmental cost among the polygeneration cases. Techno‐economic results and sensitivity analysis indicate that, despite higher capital requirements, pressurized oxygen‐enriched polygeneration achieves the minimum cost of electricity and CO 2 abatement cost among polygeneration options, and its long‐term profitability surpasses atmospheric schemes after mid‐life operation. These findings demonstrate that coupling pressurized pyrolysis with pressurized oxy‐enriched combustion can synergistically improve efficiency and carbon mitigation for low‐rank coal polygeneration.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zijun"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Qinhui"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Yao"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Zhongyang"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Chunjiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ente.70608","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.70608","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128507655","type":"manuscript","title":"Compositional Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis of CO2 Sequestration in Depleted Gas Reservoirs Using ECLIPSE 300","abstract":"Utilizing depleted gas reservoirs for geological carbon sequestration offers a robust, technically viable pathway for large-scale greenhouse gas mitigation. This research utilizes ECLIPSE 300 to execute a rigorous compositional reservoir simulation, advancing a preliminary undergraduate investigation into a high-fidelity assessment of subsurface CO2 behavior. Central to this study is a sophisticated equation-of-state (EOS) model designed to track the long-term lifecycle of injected CO2, specifically focusing on plume migration patterns, pressure stabilization, and the multifaceted trapping mechanisms that ensure storage integrity. By systematically varying parameters such as permeability anisotropy, thermal regimes, and geological heterogeneity, the analysis identifies vertical permeability and injection velocity as the primary determinants of containment efficiency. The findings demonstrate that while depleted fields possess the capacity for significant CO2 volumes, the accuracy of storage projections depends heavily on compositional modeling rather than simplified black-oil approaches. These insights provide a refined framework for the technical screening and operational design of industrial-scale sequestration initiatives.","author":[{"family":"Alimi","given":"AO"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"MW"},{"family":"Akande","given":"IB"},{"family":"Makwashi","given":"N"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.20944/preprints202602.0693.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202602.0693.v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167853520","type":"article-journal","title":"A Comprehensive Medical Audit of Clinical, Academic, and Research Activities in the Department of Cardiology at Bangladesh","abstract":"Background: Medical audit ensures quality improvement in patient care, education, and research. A structured evaluation was conducted in the Cardiology Department at Bangladesh Medical University (BMU) to assess performance and compliance over 12 months. Objectives: To evaluate clinical service delivery, academic activities, and research output, and to identify areas for quality enhancement. Method: A retrospective audit was performed using departmental records from July 2023 to June 2024. A Likert scale (0–5) assessed performance in clinical care, documentation, education, and research. Scores of 4–5 indicated high achievement. Results: The department managed 33,540 outpatients and 5,040 inpatients, with 2,620 angiograms and 1,579 angioplasties performed; inpatient mortality was 3.2%. Clinical guideline and documentation adherence scored 4–5. Academically, 600 lecture and 600 clinical training hours were completed, with 68–91% student participation; teaching metrics scored 4–5. Research included 10 resident theses, 4 funded faculty projects, and 15 publications across two issues of the University Heart Journal. Research ethics and GCP compliance scored 4–5. Conclusion: The department achieved strong clinical, academic, and research outcomes despite infrastructural gaps. Sustaining quality requires digital health integration, technical upgrades, and faculty. University Heart Journal 2026; 22(1): 7-9","author":[{"family":"Osmany","given":"Din"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Khurshed"},{"family":"Safiuddin","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Khaled","given":"Md"},{"family":"Islam","given":"Lohani"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Mk"},{"family":"Hoque","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Rahman","given":"Khan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3329/uhj.v22i1.90757","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3329/uhj.v22i1.90757","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7172298221","type":"article-journal","title":"New mitogenomic evidence for the phylogeny of Siphonaptera: insights from Callopsylla dolabris and Oropsylla silantiewi","abstract":"As important vectors of infectious diseases such as plague, fleas require accurate classification and phylogenetic analysis, which are essential for public health prevention and control. However, complete mitochondrial genome resources for Siphonaptera in public databases are still extremely scarce. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of C. dolabris and O. silantiewi , collected from the high-altitude region in Qinghai Province, were sequenced and characterized for the first time using next-generation sequencing technology. The results showed the two mitogenomes were 17,104 bp and 15,914 bp in length, respectively. Both mitogenomes exhibited significant A+T bias and a strong preference for A/U-ending codons. Selective pressure analysis (Ka/Ks) indicated that mitochondrial protein-coding genes (PCGs) of fleas are predominantly under purifying selection. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on 39 mitogenomic sequences from 36 flea species revealed that Ceratophylloidea was robustly supported as monophyletic. At the family level, neither Ceratophyllidae nor Leptopsyllidae formed a strictly monophyletic group in the present dataset. Pulicidae was recovered as a well-supported monophyletic clade. Both newly sequenced species were placed within Ceratophyllidae. This study not only expands the available mitogenomic resources for Siphonaptera, but also provides new insights into nucleotide composition patterns and phylogenetic relationships within the order.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wendi"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Jiao"},{"family":"Duan","given":"Mingna"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Shaobo"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Yujia"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Dandan"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fvets.2026.1876060","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2026.1876060","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7116959226","type":"article-journal","title":"Research Hotspots and Trends in the Corrosion and Protection of Cultural Relics","abstract":"The critical need to preserve cultural relics has sustained longstanding interest in their corrosion and conservation, research vital to extending artifact lifespan and maintaining historical authenticity. Although scholarly output in this field grows annually, the expanding volume of literature makes it difficult to systematically identify research hotspots and forecast trends. This lack of clarity can lead to redundant efforts and hinder the practical application of preservation technologies. Existing reviews often focus on specialized subtopics, leaving a comprehensive overview lacking. To address this gap, this study conducts a systematic bibliometric analysis of 4983 relevant publications from the WOS Core Collection (1961–2025). Through a multi-dimensional examination of annual publication trends, keyword co-occurrence, contributions from countries and authors, and institutional collaborations, we elucidate the field’s development and intellectual structure. Our findings reveal key research hotspots, including corrosion mechanisms, novel protective materials, micro-environmental control, and multidisciplinary detection methods, whose evolution shows distinct temporal patterns. Furthermore, an analysis of collaborative networks indicates that progress is increasingly driven by institutional and international cooperation, steering the field toward greater systematization and refinement.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Lingling"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Changchun"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Yingzhi"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Chao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/coatings16010018","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16010018","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7135374915","type":"article-journal","title":"ADESÃO AO EXAME DE PAPANICOLAU ENTRE MULHERES DE 25 A 64 ANOS NO BRASIL: BARREIRAS E DESAFIOS – UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA.","abstract":"O câncer do colo do útero é uma das principais causas de mortalidade entre mulheres no Brasil, associado principalmente à infecção persistente pelo Papilomavírus Humano (HPV). Apesar da disponibilidade do exame preventivo de Papanicolau (PCCU) de forma gratuita pelo SUS, sua cobertura ainda não atinge as metas preconizadas. Fatores socioeconômicos, culturais e estruturais contribuem para a baixa adesão, impactando negativamente o diagnóstico precoce e a redução da mortalidade. Analisar os fatores que contribuem para a baixa adesão ao exame de Papanicolau entre mulheres de 25 a 64 anos no Brasil. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, com base em artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2025, em português e inglês, nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e LILACS. Serão incluídos estudos que abordem a faixa etária definida pelo Ministério da Saúde (25 a 64 anos). A seleção seguirá as etapas PRISMA: identificação, triagem, elegibilidade e inclusão. A análise será feita por meio da técnica de análise temática, com categorização dos fatores que dificultam a adesão e das estratégias propostas. Espera-se identificar os principais fatores associados à não adesão ao exame, como dificuldades de acesso, desigualdades regionais, falta de informação e barreiras culturais. Além disso, busca-se levantar estratégias eficazes apontadas pela literatura, como campanhas educativas, fortalecimento da atenção primária, ampliação da cobertura vacinal contra HPV e ações direcionadas a grupos mais vulneráveis. O estudo pretende contribuir para o fortalecimento das ações de prevenção do câncer do colo uterino, fornecendo subsídios teóricos que auxiliem gestores e profissionais de saúde na formulação de políticas públicas mais eficazes.","author":[{"family":"Santos","given":"Adallersson"},{"family":"Pereira","given":"José"},{"family":"Paula","given":"Marcela"},{"family":"Cardoso","given":"Stella"},{"family":"Rodrigues","given":"Luana"},{"family":"Negri","given":"Gabriel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n3p815-828","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n3p815-828","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130925636","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessment of Russia’s Green Hydrogen Demand Potential and Realization Pathways: A Scenario Analysis with Learning Curve Dynamics","abstract":"This study develops an integrated analytical framework to assess Russia’s green hydrogen demand potential and cost-competitiveness pathways across the steel production and road transport sectors. Using bottom-up sectoral analysis, we estimate Russia’s theoretical hydrogen demand potential at approximately 18.2 Mt/year. Three policy scenarios model demand realization trajectories under differentiated support regimes, calibrated to European alternative fuel vehicle diffusion patterns and Russian statistical data. A learning curve framework projects green hydrogen costs as an endogenous function of cumulative production, with learning rates of 5% and 10.1% representing conservative and optimistic technology development pathways. Results indicate that under realistic policy support and 10.1% learning rates, hydrogen costs decline from USD 15/kg to USD 7.23/kg by 2050, reaching the USD 10/kg competitiveness threshold by approximately 2035. However, Russia’s costs remain 2–4 times higher than global optimal-location projections due to scale disadvantages and infrastructure constraints. Policy recommendations emphasize front-loaded support mechanisms, export market integration with EAEU partners, and electrolyzer technology localization to accelerate learning effects and achieve cost competitiveness within mid-term planning horizons.","author":[{"family":"Ратнер","given":"Светлана"},{"family":"Gomonov","given":"Konstantin"},{"family":"Khachikyan","given":"Sos"},{"family":"Shaposhnikov","given":"Artem"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/hydrogen7010028","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen7010028","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167022027","type":"article-journal","title":"Longitudinal Psychosocial and Sleep Assessments for Long-Term Cardiovascular Risk Stratification after First Myocardial Infarction in Rural India","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: The risk of myocardial infarction (MI) evolves beyond the acute phase, and in-hospital tools, such as the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score, may not fully capture long-term vulnerability. We evaluated whether simple longitudinal clinical and patient-reported measures improved the prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 351 patients with first MI were enrolled at a rural tertiary center in South India, of whom 319 formed the analytic cohort. MACE was defined as cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, stroke, heart failure hospitalization, or urgent coronary revascularization, as ascertained through hospital records and structured follow-up. Baseline clinical, biochemical, echocardiographic, and interviewer-administered Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and sleep variables were collected during hospitalization and follow-up (1, 6, and 12 months). Cox models were developed in stages, with the GRACE score as a baseline anchor and follow-up variables incorporated using the last available observations. Model performance was assessed using Harrell's concordance index (C-index), time-dependent area under the curve, and bootstrap validation methods. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 5.8 years, 94 patients (29.5%) experienced MACE. The baseline model modestly improved discrimination over GRACE alone (C-index, 0.622 vs. 0.556). The extended model showed higher discrimination (apparent C-index 0.684; optimism corrected 0.660). Follow-up sleep quality, psychosocial symptoms, glycemic measures, and global longitudinal strain contributed to the model, although the estimates were imprecise. CONCLUSION: Longitudinal follow-up measures provided modest incremental prognostic information beyond a GRACE-based benchmark. Findings are exploratory and require external validation before clinical application.","author":[{"family":"Mukkirla","given":"Bhargava"},{"family":"Rai","given":"Bebeto"},{"family":"Dey","given":"Debarshi"},{"family":"Javvaji","given":"Sai"},{"family":"Iyer","given":"VR"},{"family":"Kambhampati","given":"Naga"},{"family":"Ramamurthy","given":"Sai"},{"family":"Rege","given":"Gautam"},{"family":"Haloi","given":"Nisha"},{"family":"Mohan","given":"Ganesh"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1159/000553362","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553362","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155222428","type":"article-journal","title":"A Life Cycle Costing Approach of Potential Carbon Capture and Storage at the Hunter Unit 3 Coal-Fired Power Plant, Utah","abstract":"Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is widely regarded as a viable pathway for reducing greenhouse gas emissions; however, large-scale deployment remains constrained by project economics and policy uncertainty. This study presents a life cycle costing assessment of a proposed CCS retrofit at the Hunter Unit 3 coal-fired power plant in Emery County, Utah, encompassing carbon capture, transport, and subsurface storage. Results indicate that the project appears economically favorable under the assumptions of this screening-level analysis and under current policy conditions, with an estimated break-even time of approximately five years. The analysis identifies a large upfront capital investment exceeding $600,000,000, offset by planned revenue from federal tax credits totaling several billion dollars over the project lifetime. Sensitivity analyses show that project economics are dominated by capture costs and annual mass of CO2 sequestration rates, while storage and transport costs play secondary roles. A synthetic policy-perturbation analysis of the $85/ton tax credit further demonstrates that policy volatility materially increases uncertainty in investment returns. These results highlight both the economic potential of CCS retrofits at existing power plants and the critical role of stable long-term policy in enabling investment.","author":[{"family":"Mccormack","given":"Kevin"},{"family":"Gallup","given":"Ethan"},{"family":"Panja","given":"Palash"},{"family":"Edelman","given":"Eric"},{"family":"Rogers","given":"Pratt"},{"family":"Powell","given":"Kody"},{"family":"Mcpherson","given":"Brian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19092010","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19092010","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204471775","type":"article-journal","title":"Thermo-mechanical coupling and strain energy-driven fatigue crack initiation in reciprocating rubber seals","abstract":"Under reciprocating sliding conditions, rubber O-rings are susceptible to fatigue cracking governed by the complex interplay of multiaxial shear loads, pre-compression, and thermal fluctuations. Previous studies largely address macroscopic failure, lacking insights into the dynamic spatial evolution of crack initiation points under coupled thermo-mechanical fields. In this study, a comprehensive numerical framework is developed to predict the fatigue life and locate crack initiation in rubber O-rings using a Strain Energy Density (SED) approach. A two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model was established using an isotropic nearly-incompressible elastic constitutive relation. The evolution of the equivalent elastic strain and strain energy fields was tracked across a broad thermal operational envelope and various compression ratios. Rather than a monotonic degradation, our simulations reveal a non-linear competing mechanism between thermal softening and geometry-induced strain concentration. Notably, at a critical compression ratio of 15.4%, raising the temperature to 75°C optimally relaxes local stress concentrations, increasing the predicted fatigue life by 24.9%. However, under excessive compression (21.1%) combined with high temperatures, the primary failure mechanism transitions from contact-surface wear to severe deformation interference at the groove root, irrecoverably locking the crack initiation site and halving the structural life. This purely numerical study establishes a theoretical map for identifying micro-crack initiation hotspots in complex dynamic seals, providing a mechanics-based design guideline pending future experimental validation.","author":[{"family":"Xu","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Tengyun"},{"family":"Ding","given":"Xuexing"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xuejing"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zibei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1177/00952443261485110","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443261485110","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133326268","type":"manuscript","title":"Late-Stage Aryl NCF₃ and SCF₃ Installation Enabled by Coupling Flow-Generated Anions with Aryl Thianthrenium Salts","abstract":"The incorporation of heteroatom-linked trifluoromethyl groups, such as N-trifluoromethyl (NCF₃) and trifluoromethylthio (SCF₃) motifs, remains challenging, particularly in the context of late-stage aryl functionalization. Herein, we report a flow-enabled platform that allows for the late-stage installation of NCF₃ and SCF₃ groups onto aryl frameworks through the coupling of flow-generated nucleophilic heteroatom-CF₃ anions with aryl thianthrenium salts. In this strategy, readily available organic precursors are converted on demand into NCF₃ and SCF₃ anions using a CsF-packed bed reactor, allowing safe handling of highly reactive fluorinated intermediates while minimizing fluorinated waste. The resulting anions are subsequently engaged in a copper-mediated, photocatalytic cross-coupling, enabling efficient formation of aryl-NCF₃ and aryl-SCF₃ bonds under mild conditions. The method exhibits broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance, and is applicable to the late-stage diversification of medicinally and agrochemically relevant molecules. Overall, this work expands the scope of nucleophilic CF₃X anions as viable partners in late-stage aryl functionalization and provides a modular platform for the discovery-oriented synthesis of fluorinated molecules.","author":[{"family":"Nagornîi","given":"Dmitrii"},{"family":"Valdés-Maqueda","given":"Álvaro"},{"family":"Stocchetti","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Kaplaneris","given":"Nikolaos"},{"family":"He","given":"Zhen"},{"family":"Noël","given":"Timothy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.26434/chemrxiv.15000577/v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15000577/v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128495116","type":"article-journal","title":"Development of a Continuous High-Pressure CO2 to Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Reactor","abstract":"The US National Academy of Sciences has reported that CO2 mineral carbonation is among the largest, most energy-efficient CO2 utilization technologies closest to commercial scale due to its thermodynamic favorability and end-product market size. However, the natural rate of reaction is generally slow in terms of kinetics, whereby only by dramatically increasing the CO2 dissolution rate can a major impact on the rate of reaction for CO2 mineral carbonation happen. Hence, despite the clear advantages of CO2 mineral carbonation over other options in Carbon Capture and Sequestration CCS technologies, the current research gaps highlighted here should be addressed to ensure future technology deployment success. Therefore, this study investigated the feasibility of the design, operation and experimental improvement of a continuous high-pressure CO2 reactor in producing and optimizing high-quality precipitated calcium carbonates PCC synthesized for consumer and industrial application. A novel mineral carbonation reactor is hereby proposed, in which, by incorporating the application of a high-pressure or supercritical CO2 phase into the reactor, CO2 diffusion can be increased into the continuously fine-sprayed aqueous reaction media within the reactor to form PCC. The effective reactor volume can be simultaneously decreased from the reduced high-pressure CO2 volume. Next, by incorporating a backpressure regulator, a continuous flow of the liquid phase in and out of the reactor can be controlled. The initial reactor design had undergone successful start-up, but experimental improvement alone was unable to provide the anticipated particle size of the calcium carbonate precipitate PCC. Optimized design of the new reactor to limit internal dead flow zones was proven to successfully reduce the particle size of precipitated calcium carbonate PCC from an initially P50/P90 of 87/131 μm to 3.8/9.1 μm. Additionally, a continuous 100 h stable run was successfully executed to thoroughly investigate the three main factors influencing the quality of PCC synthesized, in which the reactant flow rate and feedstock concentration were found to be significant, with the exception of CO2 gas pressure. The overall 3D surface trend of the particle size spread P50/P90 of the PCC synthesized was plotted over the experimental range and found to meet most of the industrial requirements and technical specifications, except for TiO2 replacement which requires sub-micron quality. Instantaneous electricity power consumption was also measured at various operating points. Performance-wise, the continuous high-pressure CO2 mineral carbonation reactor in this work was calculated to be able to process a maximum of 4200 g/h lime CaO feedstock at a lime concentration of 7 g/L and flow rate of 10 g/L, using a 40 L internal volume vessel, effectively increasing the productivity of lime CaO production by several fold from what was reported by peer studies assuming similar electricity costs were used for all productivity factors under consideration.","author":[{"family":"Noh","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Yuhana","given":"Nor"},{"family":"Onn","given":"Syazwan"},{"family":"Sanom","given":"Ruzilah"},{"family":"Isa","given":"MA"},{"family":"Shaharuddin","given":"AS"},{"family":"Jumali","given":"Mohammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18041795","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18041795","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124458201","type":"article-journal","title":"Lessons Learned and Proposed Solutions for Drilling Wells in the San Juan Basin for a CO2-Storage Project","abstract":"This paper synthesizes lessons learned from drilling a CO2-storage stratigraphic well in the San Juan Basin (New Mexico, USA) to clarify drivers of operational incidents and to inform future well planning. A literature review of regional drilling problems was combined with pre-drill engineering based on offset-well history and a geomechanical model, including casing, cementing, and hydraulics designs developed in commercial software; these designs were compared with field execution to extract incident-specific lessons. The most frequent problems observed are lost circulation, stuck pipe, and poor control of drilling parameters, consistent with complex lithology and reservoir pressure depletion that reduces fracture pressure below anticipated values. Based on the lessons learned, three mitigations are proposed as follows: (1) update the geomechanical model with the latest pore, fracture pressure estimates; (2) apply underbalanced drilling using nitrified mud by injecting nitrogen through a parasite string while drilling intermediate and production sections; and (3) maintain operating limits (weight on bit < 44.5 kN, top-drive rotation < 45 rpm, and pump rate < 1.32 m3/min) to improve fluid returns through low-fracture-pressure intervals. Simulation results support the applicability of the proposed solutions.","author":[{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Van"},{"family":"Ampomah","given":"William"},{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Tan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Sai"},{"family":"Pham","given":"Duc"},{"family":"Duong","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Vo","given":"Hoa"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/app16020937","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app16020937","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165124192","type":"article-journal","title":"Ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block for refractory sympathetically mediated arrhythmia following acute myocardial infarction: a tutorial and examples","abstract":"Introduction: Sympathetic arrhythmia represents a life-threatening complication following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which is characterized by recurrent episodes of electrical dysrhythmias that are often refractory to antiarrhythmic medications and thereby necessitate repeated electrical cardioversion or defibrillation. This case series aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block (SGB) as a rescue therapy for refractory ventricular arrhythmias and one case of rapid atrial flutter following AMI. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed five AMI patients with refractory sympathetically arrhythmia who failed standard medical management. All patients were of Han ethnicity from China, consisting of three males and two females, with ages ranging from 29 to 87 years. All patients underwent bedside ultrasound-guided SGB (unilateral or bilateral) with 1% lidocaine hydrochloride. The primary outcomes were immediate termination of sympathetically arrhythmia and 24-hour arrhythmia-free survival. Results: SGB successfully aborted electrical storm in all 5 patients (100%). The median number of defibrillations per patient decreased significantly from 4 [interquartile range (IQR): 2.5-21] before SGB to 0 (IQR: 0-1) after SGB. The development of ipsilateral Horner syndrome in all cases confirmed successful sympathetic blockade, and no procedure-related complications were observed. Discussion: SGB is a safe and effective bedside intervention for terminating and stabilizing refractory sympathetically arrhythmia in post-AMI patients. It can serve as an important adjunctive therapy to reduce the need for repeated electrical defibrillation. Further prospective randomized controlled studies are warranted to validate its clinical application in acute arrhythmia management.","author":[{"family":"Yao","given":"Ranwei"},{"family":"Che","given":"Yingjie"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Xiuling"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fcvm.2026.1846647","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1846647","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168123448","type":"article-journal","title":"Experimental Evaluation of Carbonated Water Flooding Using Microfluidics and Coreflooding for Simultaneous EOR and CO 2 Storage in Sandstone Reservoirs","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Carbon capture and storage (CCS) in depleted oil and gas reservoirs offers a sustainable pathway to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions through secure, long-term CO 2 sequestration. Understanding CO 2 –brine–oil interactions at the pore and core scales is critical for predicting the fate of injected CO 2 and optimizing storage efficiency. This study presents integrated microfluidic and coreflooding experiments to evaluate carbonated water/brine flooding (CWF) in both model and crude oil systems under varying pressure and salinity conditions. At low pressure (150 psig), CWF showed negligible change in residual oil saturation ( S or ) after waterflooding (WF). However, at elevated pressure (700 psig), S or decreased by approximately 12–15%, demonstrating enhanced oil recovery (EOR) potential. CO 2 flooding further reduced residual oil saturation at both low and high pressures. Interfacial tension (IFT) measurements revealed a linear decrease with increasing pressure and a linear increase with salinity for CO 2 -saturated brine–oil systems, whereas produced water–crude oil systems exhibited no significant pressure dependence. Coreflooding experiments confirmed that carbonated water injection enhances oil recovery with increasing pressure, and low-salinity systems outperform high-salinity counterparts. At low pressure (150 psig), increasing salinity reduced the total solubility trapping of CO 2 in both brine and oil. In contrast, at high pressure (700 psig), increasing salinity enhanced total solubility trapping, a trend with significant implications for storage capacity estimates in hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs. These findings elucidate the interdependence of CO 2 -EOR driven by oil swelling, viscosity reduction, and IFT reduction, and CO 2 storage through solubility trapping, offering practical insights to optimize CCS and carbonated water injection strategies in hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs.","author":[{"family":"Pradhan","given":"Sushobhan"},{"family":"Anjum","given":"Khandaker"},{"family":"Bikkina","given":"Prem"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.6c01713","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6c01713","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7164519315","type":"article-journal","title":"Implementation Pathways for Carbon Measurement and Green Low-Carbon Development in the Cement Industry of Henan Province","abstract":"As a traditional \"high-carbon, high-energy\" industry, the cement sector inevitably attracts substantial attention in China's pursuit of \"carbon peak and carbon neutrality\" goals. Consequently, it is critical to investigate suitable measurement methodologies, implementation pathways, and countermeasures to accurately assess carbon emissions within cement enterprises and achieve \"measurable, reportable, and verifiable\" carbon data. Henan Province, as a major cement production and consumption region in China, emitted approximately 64.35 to 78.16 million tons of CO 2 between 2013 and 2018, underscoring significant pressure for energy conservation, emission reduction, and green development. This paper examines the current status of carbon measurement in Henan's cement industry, analyzes challenges encountered during its green transition, and proposes targeted, scalable countermeasures and implementation strategies. The findings aim to provide valuable insights and actionable guidance for enhancing carbon measurement systems in Henan and across China.","author":[{"family":"Yan","given":"Yingchun"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Xingjie"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jianpeng"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Jingjing"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Weipeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1051/e3sconf/202671802015","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202671802015","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165656431","type":"article-journal","title":"A study on drug utilization pattern of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs in the medicine department of a tertiary care teaching hospital","abstract":"Background: Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies are essential in the prevention and management of thromboembolic disorders, particularly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Evaluation of prescribing patterns is necessary to ensure rational drug use and minimize adverse events. This study assessed the utilization patterns, prescribing appropriateness, drug interactions, adverse drug reactions and treatment outcomes of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy. Methods: A six-month prospective observational study (November 2024 to April 2025) was conducted in the medicine ward, Coronary care unit, and Medicine intensive care unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Tamil Nadu. Data from 100 patients receiving antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy were collected using a structured proforma and analyzed using JASP software. Results: Most patients were aged 51-70 years and were predominantly male. Hypertension (61%) and diabetes mellitus (47%) were the most common comorbidities, while coronary artery disease was the leading indication for therapy. Aspirin (93%), clopidogrel (74%) and heparin (47%) were the most frequently prescribed drugs. Dual antiplatelet therapy was commonly utilized and 41% of patients received combination therapy. Seventeen potential drug interactions and five adverse drug reactions were identified. Significant differences in treatment outcomes were observed among drug groups (p<0.05). Ninety percent of prescribed drugs were in accordance with standard treatment guidelines. Conclusions: Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies were widely used for thromboembolic disorders, with prescribing practices largely consistent with treatment guidelines and favorable treatment outcomes. However, polypharmacy, potential drug interactions and adverse drug reactions highlight the need for continuous prescription monitoring and individualized patient care.","author":[{"family":"Ck","given":"Dhanapal"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20261961","URL":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20261961","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7169541967","type":"article-journal","title":"Control and Loss Optimization of the HiLEM Topology - a PV Partial Power Converter","abstract":"This paper presents an advanced control concept for a specialized Partial Power Converter (PPC) topology, specifically the High Efficiency Low Effort MPPT (HiLEM) circuit. A revised hardware architecture is introduced to enable a more systematic and robust control of the PPC. The results of the measurement and simulation validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and highlight its potential for further functional enhancements. Beyond the novel control approach for the HiLEM topology, a loss-reduced operating method is also investigated. This method leverages the characteristic that identical input-side voltages can be generated at multiple operating points, thereby providing additional degrees of freedom for implementing an efficiency oriented operating strategy.","author":[{"family":"Becker","given":"Marcus"},{"family":"Stefanski","given":"Lukas"},{"family":"Hiller","given":"Marc"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.5445/ir/1000195405","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000195405","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7154828144","type":"article-journal","title":"STUDY ON THE TECHNICAL POTENTIAL OF USING COCONUT FIBERS IN CONCRETE","abstract":"Este e-book reúne experiências extensionistas que revelam a potência formativa, científica e social da Biomedicina no Extremo Sul da Bahia, articulando ensino, pesquisa e compromisso com a realidade local.Ao narrar projetos que vão da educação em saúde na escola à prevenção de câncer, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, hipertensão arterial e incentivo à doação de sangue, a obra evidencia o protagonismo estudantil na promoção da saúde e na defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde, dando visibilidade a ações que ultrapassam os muros da academia e incidem diretamente na vida da comunidade.EXTENSÃO, CUIDADO E FORMAÇÃO Cada capítulo deste e-book traduz um movimento de aproximação entre o conhecimento biomédico e as necessidades concretas da população, valorizando metodologias participativas, linguagem acessível e recursos lúdicos como estratégias para ampliar o diálogo em saúde.As experiências aqui sistematizadas mostram como a extensão universitária favorece a construção de um olhar crítico, ético e humanizado, fortalecendo competências técnicas e também comunicacionais, relacionais e cidadãs nos futuros profissionais da área.COMPROMISSO COM A COMUNIDADE As ações descritas evidenciam a responsabilidade social da formação em Biomedicina, ao abordar temas sensíveis e prioritários, como prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, doação de sangue, higiene e saúde escolar, hipertensão arterial e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.Em diferentes cenáriosescolas públicas, espaços acadêmicos, serviços de saúde e ambientes comunitáriosos projetos demonstram que a educação em saúde, quando dialogada e contextualizada, contribui para reduzir vulnerabilidades, combater estigmas e fortalecer o autocuidado individual e coletivo.AGRADECIMENTOS INSTITUCIONAIS Este e-book não seria possível sem o apoio institucional da Faculdade do Sul da Bahia (FASB), que tem investido na extensão universitária como dimensão indissociável do ensino e da pesquisa, incentivando iniciativas que aproximam a Biomedicina das demandas do território e reafirmam o papel social da educação superior.Aos gestores, coordenações, docentes e equipes técnicas da FASB, o mais sincero reconhecimento por garantirem condições acadêmicas, estruturais e pedagógicas para que esses projetos se concretizassem e fossem aqui registrados.RECONHECIMENTO AO COLEGIADO DE BIOMEDICINA Um agradecimento especial é dirigido ao colegiado de graduação em Biomedicina, cuja dedicação à formação integral dos estudantes se expressa no estímulo permanente à produção científica, às ações de extensão e à reflexão crítica sobre a prática em saúde.O acompanhamento próximo, a orientação qualificada e a abertura ao diálogo foram fundamentais para que cada proposta extensionista ganhasse forma, sentido e rigor, resultando neste material que se oferece à comunidade acadêmica e à sociedade como um convite à continuidade de novas experiências e parcerias.","author":[{"family":"Lara","given":"Laianny"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Silveira","given":"Geraldo"},{"family":"Pinto","given":"Joana"},{"family":"Castro","given":"Luciana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_16","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_16","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7164388691","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing Ventilation Inlet and Outlet Configurations using a UQ-Informed Robotic Sensing Platform","abstract":"It is of paramount importance to provide Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) as it can improve health, productivity, and well-being of the users while reducing the energy consumption. Needless to mention that the building sector consumes nearly 40% global energy. IAQ is fundamentally dependent on the strategic placement of diffusers and exhausts, and a critical configuration for the placement of the valves can profoundly impact ventilation effectiveness, occupant comfort, and energy consumption. Traditional designs rely on simulations with predefined locations for the inlets and outlets, and static sensor locations, often failing to capture the complex, three-dimensional nature of indoor air distribution. This can lead to a performance gap between design intent and real-world operation. To rectify this predicament, this paper introduces a novel methodology that integrates a dynamic digital twin, autonomous robotic sensing, and uncertainty quantification (UQ) to identify robustly optimal ventilation configurations. The method utilizes a simulation platform to create a digital twin of the experimental setup equipped with air inlets and outlets. A mobile robotic agent then systematically establishes a baseline for the digital twin by autonomously navigating the space to generate high-resolution, spatio-temporal maps of thermal and air quality parameters for various inlet and outlet location scenarios. These rich datasets are used not for deterministic optimization, but to drive a UQ analysis that characterizes the performance robustness of each configuration against key real-world uncertainties, such as sensor error and fluctuations in supply airflow. The best layout was found to be sensitive to operational variance, whereas a UQ-informed robust layout yielded comparable average IAQ. This framework provides a new paradigm for the evidence-based design and virtual commissioning of ventilation systems. It ensures that selected configurations are not only efficient but also robust and reliable under the dynamic conditions of actual building operation.","author":[{"family":"Xiao","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Chahardoli","given":"Saeid"},{"family":"Lesan","given":"Mina"},{"family":"Sarker","given":"Avijit"},{"family":"Johannsen","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Arup"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1051/e3sconf/202671601049/pdf","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202671601049/pdf","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7164818119","type":"article-journal","title":"Implementation Pathways for Carbon Measurement and Green Low-Carbon Development in the Cement Industry of Henan Province","abstract":"As a traditional \"high-carbon, high-energy\" industry, the cement sector inevitably attracts substantial attention in China's pursuit of \"carbon peak and carbon neutrality\" goals. Consequently, it is critical to investigate suitable measurement methodologies, implementation pathways, and countermeasures to accurately assess carbon emissions within cement enterprises and achieve \"measurable, reportable, and verifiable\" carbon data. Henan Province, as a major cement production and consumption region in China, emitted approximately 64.35 to 78.16 million tons of CO2 between 2013 and 2018, underscoring significant pressure for energy conservation, emission reduction, and green development. This paper examines the current status of carbon measurement in Henan's cement industry, analyzes challenges encountered during its green transition, and proposes targeted, scalable countermeasures and implementation strategies. The findings aim to provide valuable insights and actionable guidance for enhancing carbon measurement systems in Henan and across China.","author":[{"family":"Yan","given":"Yingchun"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Xingjie"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jianpeng"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Jingjing"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Weipeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1051/e3sconf/202671802015/pdf","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202671802015/pdf","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168850230","type":"article-journal","title":"Study on the Enhancement of Recovery Rates in Heterogeneous Dense Reservoirs Using Foam Drives Stabilized by Low-Surface-Tension Nanoparticles","abstract":"Aiming at the problems of low permeability, strong heterogeneity, high salinity, poor injectivity of the target reservoir, and the inability of traditional water flooding to effectively improve the oil recovery rate, a low interfacial tension and salt-resistant nano-scale particle-stabilized foam flooding system (LITF-NSF) was developed to improve the recovery rate of low-permeability oil reservoirs. Through core dynamic plugging and injectivity experiments, single/dual-tube core displacement experiments, and static imbibition oil displacement experiments, the injectivity, plugging effect, imbibition effect, oil displacement mechanism, and optimal injection parameters of the LITF-NSF foam flooding system were studied from three aspects: injection pressure, slug volume, and gas-liquid ratio. The LITF-NSF foam flooding system has good injectivity in the target reservoir, with a resistance coefficient ranging from 1.086 to 15.468; the optimal injection parameters are a constant pressure difference of 5 MPa, a gas-liquid slug volume of 0.3 PV, and a gas-liquid ratio of 2:1. Under these optimal injection parameters, the subsequent water flooding recovery rate can be increased by 29.77%; it can produce a good plugging effect on the high-permeability reservoirs of the target reservoir with a permeability difference of less than 50, and can increase the comprehensive recovery rate of heterogeneous oil reservoirs by more than 10%; the static imbibition recovery rate is 4.38% higher than that of pure water without surfactant, and has a certain permeability-enhancing oil displacement effect. The LITF-NSF foam flooding system has good adaptability to the target reservoir environment and stable foam performance, which can effectively improve the subsequent water flooding recovery rate and has a good application prospect in chemical flooding for improving the recovery rate of low-permeability oil reservoirs.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhe"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Shanfa"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zequn"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/molecules31142488","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31142488","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7140365561","type":"article-journal","title":"Prevalence of complications for type 2 diabetes mellitus among patients visiting the diabetes clinic at azadi teaching hospital: a cross-sectional study","abstract":"Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as DM, is a chronic illness that can no longer develop or be transmitted as an epidemic. The research study aims to ascertain the frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus complications among patients attending the diabetes clinic of Azadi Teaching Hospital. Azadi Teaching Hospital Kirkuk City was conducted the cross-sectional descriptive research. Purposively sampling (non- probability) of 118 samples was done. A strong relationship was found in the current study between the length of diabetes and number of problems. Having a disease for a long period of time is linked with more hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and ischemic heart disease rates, with DM consequences being a particularly important one. More research involving more people will get more accurate results. Graphical Abstract","author":[{"family":"Ali","given":"Rebaz"},{"family":"Khalaf","given":"Marwah"},{"family":"Basas","given":"Faeza"},{"family":"Saeed","given":"Wrya"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54448/ijn26s202","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54448/ijn26s202","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204699894","type":"article-journal","title":"Diffusion‐Dominated Modeling of CO 2 Miscible Displacement in Low‐Permeability Reservoirs With Coupled Aqueous‐Phase Reactions","abstract":"Macroscopic convection is severely limited in low‐permeability reservoirs, and aqueous‐phase chemical reactions are frequently neglected in existing CO 2 miscible flooding models. To address these gaps, this study develops a diffusion–reaction coupled model that simultaneously tracks five distinguishable components—CO 2 , oil, miscible mixture, carbonic acid, and water—and couples the reversible CO 2 –water–carbonic acid reaction with multiphase mass transfer. A water‐saturation‐dependent dynamic diffusion coefficient is introduced to characterize spatial variations in effective diffusion capacity. Numerical results show that all concentration fronts advance at a scaling, confirming diffusion‐dominated transport consistent with analytical solutions and pore‐scale simulations. The dynamic diffusion coefficient improves the continuity and spatial stability of the miscible front and broadens the effective oil mobilization range. The reversible CO 2 –water–carbonic acid reaction buffers local concentration gradients, producing a cooperative “diffusion–reaction buffering–rediffusion” migration pattern; it acts as an internal regulator rather than replacing diffusion as the dominant mechanism. Validation against analytical solutions, literature trends, and mass conservation confirms the model’s physical consistency. This framework offers a theoretical basis for mechanistic studies and parameter optimization of CO 2 miscible flooding in low‐permeability and tight reservoirs.","author":[{"family":"Chi","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Li","given":"Junjie"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Xihua"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Haoran"},{"family":"赵光政"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1155/ijce/2529474","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijce/2529474","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204114517","type":"article-journal","title":"Multifunctional solar tower for CO2 reduction: A CFD analysis of photocatalytic methanol synthesis enhanced by natural convection dynamics","abstract":"This study presents a solar tower photoreactor for CO 2 reduction to methanol that operates without any external energy input. The reactor combines transparent upper walls, which admit solar radiation to a bed of photocatalyst-coated spheres, with an absorber floor that converts unused radiation to heat and drives natural convection through the bed. A computational model coupling Monte Carlo ray tracing, surface reaction kinetics, heat transfer, and buoyancy-driven flow was validated in two parts against independent experiments, giving a mean absolute percentage error of 6.4% for the photocatalytic kinetics and 2.7% for the thermal convection behaviour. The validated model was then applied over a full diurnal cycle (240–1050 W/m 2 , 7:00–19:00) using measured solar irradiation and ambient temperature. The kinetics are treated as temperature-independent, since the source experiments were isothermal, so all temperature effects act through the flow field. Inlet water vapour content was the controlling operating variable. Tripling its mole fraction from 0.02 to 0.06 tripled both the reaction rate, from 25.1 to 75.2 μmol/(m 3 ·s), and the outlet methanol concentration, from 57.4 to 172.6 mmol/m 3 . Raising the inlet gas temperature from 30 to 50 °C lowered the outlet concentration from 57.4 to 52.4 mmol/m 3 , a loss of 8.4%, because a warmer feed weakens the draft. Raising the porous ratio from 0.25 to 0.75 increased the outlet concentration from 5.14 to 57.4 mmol/m 3 and the chemical energy efficiency from 0.88% to 2.38%, through a larger catalyst inventory and a longer residence time. Efficiency reached 7.10% at the highest water vapour fraction. From an aperture of 1963 m 2 , the tower produced about 62 kg/day at baseline conditions and 186 kg/day at the highest water vapour fraction, while sustaining gas velocities of 0.3–0.8 m/s and a stoichiometric oxygen-to-methanol ratio of 1.50 with no pumping.","author":[{"family":"Zare","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Azari","given":"Ahmad"},{"family":"Abbasi","given":"Mohsen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jcou.2026.103552","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2026.103552","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7140623844","type":"article-journal","title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR SOLVING INVERSE HEAT TRANSFER PROBLEMS IN MACHINING","abstract":"Este e-book reúne experiências extensionistas que revelam a potência formativa, científica e social da Biomedicina no Extremo Sul da Bahia, articulando ensino, pesquisa e compromisso com a realidade local.Ao narrar projetos que vão da educação em saúde na escola à prevenção de câncer, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, hipertensão arterial e incentivo à doação de sangue, a obra evidencia o protagonismo estudantil na promoção da saúde e na defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde, dando visibilidade a ações que ultrapassam os muros da academia e incidem diretamente na vida da comunidade.EXTENSÃO, CUIDADO E FORMAÇÃO Cada capítulo deste e-book traduz um movimento de aproximação entre o conhecimento biomédico e as necessidades concretas da população, valorizando metodologias participativas, linguagem acessível e recursos lúdicos como estratégias para ampliar o diálogo em saúde.As experiências aqui sistematizadas mostram como a extensão universitária favorece a construção de um olhar crítico, ético e humanizado, fortalecendo competências técnicas e também comunicacionais, relacionais e cidadãs nos futuros profissionais da área.COMPROMISSO COM A COMUNIDADE As ações descritas evidenciam a responsabilidade social da formação em Biomedicina, ao abordar temas sensíveis e prioritários, como prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, doação de sangue, higiene e saúde escolar, hipertensão arterial e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.Em diferentes cenáriosescolas públicas, espaços acadêmicos, serviços de saúde e ambientes comunitáriosos projetos demonstram que a educação em saúde, quando dialogada e contextualizada, contribui para reduzir vulnerabilidades, combater estigmas e fortalecer o autocuidado individual e coletivo.AGRADECIMENTOS INSTITUCIONAIS Este e-book não seria possível sem o apoio institucional da Faculdade do Sul da Bahia (FASB), que tem investido na extensão universitária como dimensão indissociável do ensino e da pesquisa, incentivando iniciativas que aproximam a Biomedicina das demandas do território e reafirmam o papel social da educação superior.Aos gestores, coordenações, docentes e equipes técnicas da FASB, o mais sincero reconhecimento por garantirem condições acadêmicas, estruturais e pedagógicas para que esses projetos se concretizassem e fossem aqui registrados.RECONHECIMENTO AO COLEGIADO DE BIOMEDICINA Um agradecimento especial é dirigido ao colegiado de graduação em Biomedicina, cuja dedicação à formação integral dos estudantes se expressa no estímulo permanente à produção científica, às ações de extensão e à reflexão crítica sobre a prática em saúde.O acompanhamento próximo, a orientação qualificada e a abertura ao diálogo foram fundamentais para que cada proposta extensionista ganhasse forma, sentido e rigor, resultando neste material que se oferece à comunidade acadêmica e à sociedade como um convite à continuidade de novas experiências e parcerias.","author":[{"family":"Sousa","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Brito","given":"Rogério"},{"family":"Teixeira","given":"Ricardo"},{"family":"Guimarães","given":"Paulo"},{"family":"Lacerda","given":"José"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7204247564","type":"article-journal","title":"ASSOCIATION OF INITIAL RHYTHM WITH RESUSCITATION OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS DEVELOPING CARDIAC ARREST IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT AND INTENSIVE CARE UNIT","abstract":"Background: Cardiac arrest is one of the major causes of death in the world despite the current developments in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and post-resuscitation. The first heartbeat has been thought of as one of the most powerful predictors of successful resuscitation and survival, but there is a lack of local data about the connection of the first heartbeat with the resuscitation outcomes in Pakistan. Aim: To determine the relationship between the initial cardiac rhythm and the success of resuscitation in patients who develop cardiac arrest. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out in Emergency Department of POF Hospital, Wah Cantt. A total of 300 eligible patients who were aged between 20-65 years and had developed cardiac arrest during their Emergency Department or Intensive Care Unit stay were enrolled using non-probability consecutive sampling. A structured proforma was used to document demographic features, clinical variables, initial cardiac rhythm, resuscitation, and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and hospital outcomes. The SPSS version 25.0 was used to analyze the data. A p-value less than 0.05 was taken to be statistically significant. Results: The participants had a mean age of 60.8 ± 18.9 years and 53.3% were male. The majority of the cardiac arrests were in the hospital (95.7%). The predominant initial rhythm was asystole (47.7%), then pulseless electrical activity (38.0%), ventricular tachycardia/ ventricular fibrillation (5.3%), and unknown rhythm (9.0%). The proportion of patients that obtained ROSC was 29.3% and 70.7% that did not. Patients with VT/VF demonstrated the highest ROSC rate (56.3%; OR = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.28–9.10; p = 0.011), followed by PEA (41.2%; OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.48 3.87; p < 0.001), while asystole had the lowest ROSC rate (16.8%; OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.19–0.59; p < 0.001). The total hospital mortality stood at 89.3 and only 4.7% of the patients survived to get to the hospital discharge. Conclusion: There were significant relationships between initial cardiac rhythm and resuscitation outcomes in cardiac arrest patients. There was a significant improvement in ROSC with shockable compared to non-shockable rhythms, although overall survival was low. Recognition of rhythm early, prompt resuscitation, and management of post-cardiac arrest optimally can lead to better clinical outcomes in this high-risk group.","author":[{"family":"Arooj","given":"Wajiha"},{"family":"Abidi","given":"Syeda"},{"family":"Hussain","given":"Huma"},{"family":"Haroon","given":"Spogmaye"},{"family":"Shafique","given":"Sana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.4238/63jcps25","URL":"https://doi.org/10.4238/63jcps25","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133513622","type":"article-journal","title":"EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA A PREVENÇÃO DAS INFECÇÕES SEXUALMENTE TRANSMISSÍVEIS NO CONTEXTO ACADÊMICO","abstract":"Este e-book reúne experiências extensionistas que revelam a potência formativa, científica e social da Biomedicina no Extremo Sul da Bahia, articulando ensino, pesquisa e compromisso com a realidade local.Ao narrar projetos que vão da educação em saúde na escola à prevenção de câncer, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, hipertensão arterial e incentivo à doação de sangue, a obra evidencia o protagonismo estudantil na promoção da saúde e na defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde, dando visibilidade a ações que ultrapassam os muros da academia e incidem diretamente na vida da comunidade.EXTENSÃO, CUIDADO E FORMAÇÃO Cada capítulo deste e-book traduz um movimento de aproximação entre o conhecimento biomédico e as necessidades concretas da população, valorizando metodologias participativas, linguagem acessível e recursos lúdicos como estratégias para ampliar o diálogo em saúde.As experiências aqui sistematizadas mostram como a extensão universitária favorece a construção de um olhar crítico, ético e humanizado, fortalecendo competências técnicas e também comunicacionais, relacionais e cidadãs nos futuros profissionais da área.COMPROMISSO COM A COMUNIDADE As ações descritas evidenciam a responsabilidade social da formação em Biomedicina, ao abordar temas sensíveis e prioritários, como prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, doação de sangue, higiene e saúde escolar, hipertensão arterial e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.Em diferentes cenáriosescolas públicas, espaços acadêmicos, serviços de saúde e ambientes comunitáriosos projetos demonstram que a educação em saúde, quando dialogada e contextualizada, contribui para reduzir vulnerabilidades, combater estigmas e fortalecer o autocuidado individual e coletivo.AGRADECIMENTOS INSTITUCIONAIS Este e-book não seria possível sem o apoio institucional da Faculdade do Sul da Bahia (FASB), que tem investido na extensão universitária como dimensão indissociável do ensino e da pesquisa, incentivando iniciativas que aproximam a Biomedicina das demandas do território e reafirmam o papel social da educação superior.Aos gestores, coordenações, docentes e equipes técnicas da FASB, o mais sincero reconhecimento por garantirem condições acadêmicas, estruturais e pedagógicas para que esses projetos se concretizassem e fossem aqui registrados.RECONHECIMENTO AO COLEGIADO DE BIOMEDICINA Um agradecimento especial é dirigido ao colegiado de graduação em Biomedicina, cuja dedicação à formação integral dos estudantes se expressa no estímulo permanente à produção científica, às ações de extensão e à reflexão crítica sobre a prática em saúde.O acompanhamento próximo, a orientação qualificada e a abertura ao diálogo foram fundamentais para que cada proposta extensionista ganhasse forma, sentido e rigor, resultando neste material que se oferece à comunidade acadêmica e à sociedade como um convite à continuidade de novas experiências e parcerias.","author":[{"family":"Pomponet","given":"Amandha"},{"family":"Nunes","given":"Ananda"},{"family":"Acácio","given":"Bianca"},{"family":"Couto","given":"Esther"},{"family":"Gonçalves","given":"Hada"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Stéphanie"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Lago","given":"Vivian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163512984","type":"article-journal","title":"Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Empathy Fatigue Among Critical Care Nurses: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Design with Implications for Empathy Resilience","abstract":"Background: Empathy is the cornerstone of the nursing profession, acting as a crucial element in patient-centered care. However, the emotional toll of constant exposure to suffering in Intensive Care settings can deplete a nurse’s emotional reserves, leading to Empathy Fatigue (EF). Objectives: This study aims to ascertain the prevalence and determinants of EF among Critical Care Nurses (CCNs) and to outline the foundation for an Empathy Resilience Module (ERM). Methods: A Quantitative Descriptive Cross-Sectional design was employed involving 169 CCNs from tertiary care hospitals in the metropolitan city of Mumbai, India. Data were collected via a validated Scale for Assessment of Empathy Fatigue (SAEF) and a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Descriptive and Inferential Statistics (Using SPSS V 27). Results: The prevalence of EF among CCNs was categorized as Mild (45.5%), Moderate (53.3%), and Severe (1.2%). Significant statistical relationships (p < 0.05) were found between EF and specific psychosocial factor (mobile phone addiction), Organizational/patient-related factors (lack of sophisticated equipments), and physical variables (lack of adequate sleep). Conclusion: EF is a pervasive issue in critical care environments, predominantly existing at moderate levels. Identifying these triggers highlights the vital need for institutional interventions, such as the proposed ERM, to safeguard nurses' emotional well-being and optimize quality care.","author":[{"family":"Sr","given":"Reshma"},{"family":"Manikandan","given":"S"},{"family":"Nair","given":"Pooja"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.25258/ijddt.16.48s.4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.16.48s.4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128739073","type":"article-journal","title":"Vacunación contra el virus del papiloma humano en las Américas. Una revisión de alcance","abstract":"El papiloma virus (VPH) es una de las infecciones de transmisión sexual más frecuentes en la población y representa un desafío para los sistemas de salud. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación se planteó cinco preguntas que abordaron la prevalencia, los genotipos más comunes, cobertura de vacunación en América, efectividad en la vacunación y eventos adversos. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo de scoping reviews, siguiendo las directrices PRISMA para sintetizar evidencia sobre la vacunación del VPH. Se incluyeron artículos originales en inglés, español y portugués (2021-2022) de bases de datos científicas y organismos reconocidos, excluyendo literatura gris y estudios fuera de América. La búsqueda se realizó con operadores booleanos específicos en bases como Pubmed, Scopus y OMS para asegurar relevancia y calidad. Los resultados evidencian que el cáncer cervicouterino es altamente prevalente en el continente americano llegando en muchos casos a sobrepasar el 50%. Los subtipos con mayor poder cancerígeno son el VPH- 16 y el 18. Las vacunas contra el VPH alcanzan entre el 80-100% de efectividad. Los efectos adversos en las vacunas para el VPH son de menos de 1 por cada 100.000 dosis. La vacunación contra el VPH constituye una estrategia segura para prevenir el cáncer cervicouterino porque su efecto protector es duradero a través del tiempo incluso con una sola dosis.","author":[{"family":"Pizarro","given":"Isabel"},{"family":"Palaguachi","given":"Angel"},{"family":"Allaico","given":"Ruth"},{"family":"Ávila","given":"Nube"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.29076/issn.2602-8360vol9iss17.2025pp116-128p","URL":"https://doi.org/10.29076/issn.2602-8360vol9iss17.2025pp116-128p","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7197008718","type":"article-journal","title":"Review Jurnal Mengenai Perbandingan Korosi Storage Tank Berbahan Carbon Steel dan Alloy Steel terhadap Hidrogen Sulfida","abstract":"Hidrogen sulfida (H₂S) merupakan senyawa korosif yang sering ditemukan dalam minyak bumi, gas alam, dan berbagai produk turunannya. Keberadaan senyawa ini menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kerusakan material pada tangki penyimpanan (storage tank), yang dapat menimbulkan risiko kegagalan operasional, kerugian ekonomi, serta bahaya keselamatan dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan ketahanan korosi antara dua jenis material yang umum digunakan pada tangki penyimpanan, yaitu baja karbon (carbon steel) dan baja paduan (alloy steel), saat terpapar lingkungan yang mengandung hidrogen sulfida. Metode yang digunakan meliputi tinjauan literatur terkait serta analisis data hasil pengujian korosi dari berbagai penelitian terdahulu, dengan parameter pengamatan berupa laju korosi, mekanisme serangan, dan bentuk kerusakan material yang terjadi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa baja karbon memiliki laju korosi yang relatif lebih tinggi dan rentan mengalami kerusakan berupa retakan akibat tegangan serta penggetasan hidrogen saat terpapar H₂S. Sebaliknya, baja paduan yang mengandung unsur kromium, nikel, atau molibdenum menunjukkan ketahanan yang lebih baik karena mampu membentuk lapisan pelindung oksida yang stabil di permukaan material, sehingga menghambat proses serangan korosif. Meskipun demikian, penggunaan baja paduan memiliki pertimbangan tersendiri terkait biaya investasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan baja karbon. Berdasarkan perbandingan tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa pemilihan material tangki penyimpanan harus disesuaikan dengan kadar H₂S, kondisi lingkungan operasi, serta pertimbangan ekonomi guna menjamin keandalan dan umur pakai fasilitas penyimpanan.","author":[{"family":"Pramudya","given":"Bondan"},{"family":"Claudiana","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Kinanti","given":"Nur"},{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Puji"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.31004/riggs.v5i2.11512","URL":"https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v5i2.11512","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133556689","type":"article-journal","title":"AÇÃO EXTENSIONISTA: UM ESTUDO ACERCA DA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE SOBRE O CÂNCER DO COLO DO ÚTERO","abstract":"Este e-book reúne experiências extensionistas que revelam a potência formativa, científica e social da Biomedicina no Extremo Sul da Bahia, articulando ensino, pesquisa e compromisso com a realidade local.Ao narrar projetos que vão da educação em saúde na escola à prevenção de câncer, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, hipertensão arterial e incentivo à doação de sangue, a obra evidencia o protagonismo estudantil na promoção da saúde e na defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde, dando visibilidade a ações que ultrapassam os muros da academia e incidem diretamente na vida da comunidade.EXTENSÃO, CUIDADO E FORMAÇÃO Cada capítulo deste e-book traduz um movimento de aproximação entre o conhecimento biomédico e as necessidades concretas da população, valorizando metodologias participativas, linguagem acessível e recursos lúdicos como estratégias para ampliar o diálogo em saúde.As experiências aqui sistematizadas mostram como a extensão universitária favorece a construção de um olhar crítico, ético e humanizado, fortalecendo competências técnicas e também comunicacionais, relacionais e cidadãs nos futuros profissionais da área.COMPROMISSO COM A COMUNIDADE As ações descritas evidenciam a responsabilidade social da formação em Biomedicina, ao abordar temas sensíveis e prioritários, como prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, doação de sangue, higiene e saúde escolar, hipertensão arterial e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.Em diferentes cenáriosescolas públicas, espaços acadêmicos, serviços de saúde e ambientes comunitáriosos projetos demonstram que a educação em saúde, quando dialogada e contextualizada, contribui para reduzir vulnerabilidades, combater estigmas e fortalecer o autocuidado individual e coletivo.AGRADECIMENTOS INSTITUCIONAIS Este e-book não seria possível sem o apoio institucional da Faculdade do Sul da Bahia (FASB), que tem investido na extensão universitária como dimensão indissociável do ensino e da pesquisa, incentivando iniciativas que aproximam a Biomedicina das demandas do território e reafirmam o papel social da educação superior.Aos gestores, coordenações, docentes e equipes técnicas da FASB, o mais sincero reconhecimento por garantirem condições acadêmicas, estruturais e pedagógicas para que esses projetos se concretizassem e fossem aqui registrados.RECONHECIMENTO AO COLEGIADO DE BIOMEDICINA Um agradecimento especial é dirigido ao colegiado de graduação em Biomedicina, cuja dedicação à formação integral dos estudantes se expressa no estímulo permanente à produção científica, às ações de extensão e à reflexão crítica sobre a prática em saúde.O acompanhamento próximo, a orientação qualificada e a abertura ao diálogo foram fundamentais para que cada proposta extensionista ganhasse forma, sentido e rigor, resultando neste material que se oferece à comunidade acadêmica e à sociedade como um convite à continuidade de novas experiências e parcerias.","author":[{"family":"Sales","given":"Gabriela"},{"family":"Borges","given":"Cássia"},{"family":"Paixão","given":"Jhulia"},{"family":"Xavier","given":"Matheus"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Letícia"},{"family":"Matos","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Damascena","given":"Natália"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Bianca"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Lago","given":"Vivian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7169770496","type":"article-journal","title":"Flexible operation of post-combustion CO2 capture in district heating–coupled waste-to-energy plants","abstract":"Waste-to-energy plants can recover a large share of the heat released during municipal waste incineration and supply it to nearby consumers through district heating networks, thereby improving overall energy utilization. However, when post-combustion carbon capture is integrated into such district heating-coupled systems, operation is constrained by steam availability, electricity market conditions, and plant integration limits. This study develops a two-layer modelling framework to evaluate the flexible operation of a monoethanolamine-based CO 2 capture system integrated into a waste-to-energy plant supplying district heating. First, a quasi-steady-state process model is used to derive feasible operating envelopes linking steam extraction, electricity generation, and CO 2 capture. These relationships are then embedded in a year-scale mixed-integer linear programming model to determine cost-optimal hourly operation under different electricity tariff structures and flexibility options, including photovoltaic generation and battery storage. The results show that electricity tariff design strongly affects both operational economics and annual capture performance. Dynamic electricity tariffs enable more flexible operation of the capture unit during low-price periods, increasing the annual realized capture ratio compared with fixed tariffs. Additional flexibility from photovoltaic generation and battery storage further improves system performance. In the case study, using the district-heating-priority control strategy under fixed-tariff operation and without additional flexibility as the reference case, dynamic-tariff operation increased the annual realized capture ratio by about 6 percentage points, while the combined PV–battery configuration increased it by about 10 percentage points","author":[{"family":"Ong","given":"Benjamin"},{"family":"Masero","given":"Alexander"},{"family":"Levon","given":"Olena"},{"family":"Kühlkamp","given":"Florian"},{"family":"Casartelli","given":"E"},{"family":"Kleingries","given":"Mirko"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.tsep.2026.104852","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2026.104852","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7201849422","type":"article-journal","title":"KOH-assisted hydrothermal deconstruction of reed straw for ultramicropore-engineered porous carbon toward CO2 capture","abstract":"The naturally compact lignocellulosic framework of biomass can restrict activator penetration, lead to nonuniform pore development, and result in insufficient effective ultramicropores, thereby limiting the structural advantages of biomass-derived porous carbons for CO 2 capture at ambient temperature and low partial pressure. Herein, reed straw was used as the carbon source, and a precursor interface engineering strategy based on “alkali-assisted hydrothermal deconstruction–potassium oxalate-directed activation” was proposed to construct porous carbon nanosheets with abundant ultramicropores and polar surface sites. The key novelty of this strategy lies in regulating the subsequent activator-carbon interface through precursor-stage lignocellulosic deconstruction, rather than relying solely on high-temperature chemical activation. Unlike conventional direct activation strategies, KOH-assisted hydrothermal pretreatment first weakened the compact lignocellulosic network of reed straw, regulated the local chemical environment of oxygen-containing functional groups, and improved the subsequent contact between K 2 C 2 O 4 and the carbonaceous framework. Subsequent K 2 C 2 O 4 activation further induced the development of micropores/ultramicropores. The optimized KRSO-700 exhibited a BET surface area of 1395 m 2 g −1 , a total pore volume of 0.89 cm 3 g −1 , and the highest ultramicropore volume of 0.30 cm 3 g −1 , with effective ultramicropores mainly concentrated in the 0.35–0.50 nm range. It achieved CO 2 uptakes of 4.83 and 1.51 mmol g −1 at 298 K and 1 bar and 0.15 bar, respectively. Correlation analysis and theoretical calculations indicated that CO 2 capture performance was primarily governed by the ultramicropore volume, while oxygen-containing polar sites enhanced the dipole/quadrupole interactions between CO 2 molecules and the carbon surface. This work offers a precursor-to-pore regulation strategy for designing agricultural waste-derived porous carbons for low-partial-pressure CO 2 capture.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Zou","given":"Qiao"},{"family":"苏玉"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Qianhong"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Xuelin"},{"family":"Xue","given":"Ruiqi"},{"family":"Lei","given":"Xingyuan"},{"family":"Su","given":"Rongkui"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Xiancheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.124034","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.124034","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133544293","type":"article-journal","title":"IMPORTÂNCIA DA DOAÇÃO DE SANGUE: EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO E PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE","abstract":"Este e-book reúne experiências extensionistas que revelam a potência formativa, científica e social da Biomedicina no Extremo Sul da Bahia, articulando ensino, pesquisa e compromisso com a realidade local.Ao narrar projetos que vão da educação em saúde na escola à prevenção de câncer, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, hipertensão arterial e incentivo à doação de sangue, a obra evidencia o protagonismo estudantil na promoção da saúde e na defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde, dando visibilidade a ações que ultrapassam os muros da academia e incidem diretamente na vida da comunidade.EXTENSÃO, CUIDADO E FORMAÇÃO Cada capítulo deste e-book traduz um movimento de aproximação entre o conhecimento biomédico e as necessidades concretas da população, valorizando metodologias participativas, linguagem acessível e recursos lúdicos como estratégias para ampliar o diálogo em saúde.As experiências aqui sistematizadas mostram como a extensão universitária favorece a construção de um olhar crítico, ético e humanizado, fortalecendo competências técnicas e também comunicacionais, relacionais e cidadãs nos futuros profissionais da área.COMPROMISSO COM A COMUNIDADE As ações descritas evidenciam a responsabilidade social da formação em Biomedicina, ao abordar temas sensíveis e prioritários, como prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, doação de sangue, higiene e saúde escolar, hipertensão arterial e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.Em diferentes cenáriosescolas públicas, espaços acadêmicos, serviços de saúde e ambientes comunitáriosos projetos demonstram que a educação em saúde, quando dialogada e contextualizada, contribui para reduzir vulnerabilidades, combater estigmas e fortalecer o autocuidado individual e coletivo.AGRADECIMENTOS INSTITUCIONAIS Este e-book não seria possível sem o apoio institucional da Faculdade do Sul da Bahia (FASB), que tem investido na extensão universitária como dimensão indissociável do ensino e da pesquisa, incentivando iniciativas que aproximam a Biomedicina das demandas do território e reafirmam o papel social da educação superior.Aos gestores, coordenações, docentes e equipes técnicas da FASB, o mais sincero reconhecimento por garantirem condições acadêmicas, estruturais e pedagógicas para que esses projetos se concretizassem e fossem aqui registrados.RECONHECIMENTO AO COLEGIADO DE BIOMEDICINA Um agradecimento especial é dirigido ao colegiado de graduação em Biomedicina, cuja dedicação à formação integral dos estudantes se expressa no estímulo permanente à produção científica, às ações de extensão e à reflexão crítica sobre a prática em saúde.O acompanhamento próximo, a orientação qualificada e a abertura ao diálogo foram fundamentais para que cada proposta extensionista ganhasse forma, sentido e rigor, resultando neste material que se oferece à comunidade acadêmica e à sociedade como um convite à continuidade de novas experiências e parcerias.","author":[{"family":"Maia","given":"Anna"},{"family":"Almeida","given":"Ariely"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Daiane"},{"family":"Aquino","given":"Kauany"},{"family":"Nascimento","given":"Kivia"},{"family":"Gonçalves","given":"Ranny"},{"family":"Souza","given":"Talita"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Lago","given":"Vivian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133535192","type":"article-journal","title":"PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE DA HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA: UM ESTUDO DE AÇÃO EDUCATIVA","abstract":"Este e-book reúne experiências extensionistas que revelam a potência formativa, científica e social da Biomedicina no Extremo Sul da Bahia, articulando ensino, pesquisa e compromisso com a realidade local.Ao narrar projetos que vão da educação em saúde na escola à prevenção de câncer, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, hipertensão arterial e incentivo à doação de sangue, a obra evidencia o protagonismo estudantil na promoção da saúde e na defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde, dando visibilidade a ações que ultrapassam os muros da academia e incidem diretamente na vida da comunidade.EXTENSÃO, CUIDADO E FORMAÇÃO Cada capítulo deste e-book traduz um movimento de aproximação entre o conhecimento biomédico e as necessidades concretas da população, valorizando metodologias participativas, linguagem acessível e recursos lúdicos como estratégias para ampliar o diálogo em saúde.As experiências aqui sistematizadas mostram como a extensão universitária favorece a construção de um olhar crítico, ético e humanizado, fortalecendo competências técnicas e também comunicacionais, relacionais e cidadãs nos futuros profissionais da área.COMPROMISSO COM A COMUNIDADE As ações descritas evidenciam a responsabilidade social da formação em Biomedicina, ao abordar temas sensíveis e prioritários, como prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, doação de sangue, higiene e saúde escolar, hipertensão arterial e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.Em diferentes cenáriosescolas públicas, espaços acadêmicos, serviços de saúde e ambientes comunitáriosos projetos demonstram que a educação em saúde, quando dialogada e contextualizada, contribui para reduzir vulnerabilidades, combater estigmas e fortalecer o autocuidado individual e coletivo.AGRADECIMENTOS INSTITUCIONAIS Este e-book não seria possível sem o apoio institucional da Faculdade do Sul da Bahia (FASB), que tem investido na extensão universitária como dimensão indissociável do ensino e da pesquisa, incentivando iniciativas que aproximam a Biomedicina das demandas do território e reafirmam o papel social da educação superior.Aos gestores, coordenações, docentes e equipes técnicas da FASB, o mais sincero reconhecimento por garantirem condições acadêmicas, estruturais e pedagógicas para que esses projetos se concretizassem e fossem aqui registrados.RECONHECIMENTO AO COLEGIADO DE BIOMEDICINA Um agradecimento especial é dirigido ao colegiado de graduação em Biomedicina, cuja dedicação à formação integral dos estudantes se expressa no estímulo permanente à produção científica, às ações de extensão e à reflexão crítica sobre a prática em saúde.O acompanhamento próximo, a orientação qualificada e a abertura ao diálogo foram fundamentais para que cada proposta extensionista ganhasse forma, sentido e rigor, resultando neste material que se oferece à comunidade acadêmica e à sociedade como um convite à continuidade de novas experiências e parcerias.","author":[{"family":"Aguiar","given":"Gabriela"},{"family":"Teixeira","given":"Grazielly"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Heloisa"},{"family":"Barreto","given":"Laysa"},{"family":"Somerlate","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Cruz","given":"Stefany"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Lago","given":"Vivian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7154853137","type":"article-journal","title":"MICROSTRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION OF GRAPHENE OXIDE REDUCED WITH NATURAL AGENT BASED ON ORANGE JUICE","abstract":"Este e-book reúne experiências extensionistas que revelam a potência formativa, científica e social da Biomedicina no Extremo Sul da Bahia, articulando ensino, pesquisa e compromisso com a realidade local.Ao narrar projetos que vão da educação em saúde na escola à prevenção de câncer, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, hipertensão arterial e incentivo à doação de sangue, a obra evidencia o protagonismo estudantil na promoção da saúde e na defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde, dando visibilidade a ações que ultrapassam os muros da academia e incidem diretamente na vida da comunidade.EXTENSÃO, CUIDADO E FORMAÇÃO Cada capítulo deste e-book traduz um movimento de aproximação entre o conhecimento biomédico e as necessidades concretas da população, valorizando metodologias participativas, linguagem acessível e recursos lúdicos como estratégias para ampliar o diálogo em saúde.As experiências aqui sistematizadas mostram como a extensão universitária favorece a construção de um olhar crítico, ético e humanizado, fortalecendo competências técnicas e também comunicacionais, relacionais e cidadãs nos futuros profissionais da área.COMPROMISSO COM A COMUNIDADE As ações descritas evidenciam a responsabilidade social da formação em Biomedicina, ao abordar temas sensíveis e prioritários, como prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, doação de sangue, higiene e saúde escolar, hipertensão arterial e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.Em diferentes cenáriosescolas públicas, espaços acadêmicos, serviços de saúde e ambientes comunitáriosos projetos demonstram que a educação em saúde, quando dialogada e contextualizada, contribui para reduzir vulnerabilidades, combater estigmas e fortalecer o autocuidado individual e coletivo.AGRADECIMENTOS INSTITUCIONAIS Este e-book não seria possível sem o apoio institucional da Faculdade do Sul da Bahia (FASB), que tem investido na extensão universitária como dimensão indissociável do ensino e da pesquisa, incentivando iniciativas que aproximam a Biomedicina das demandas do território e reafirmam o papel social da educação superior.Aos gestores, coordenações, docentes e equipes técnicas da FASB, o mais sincero reconhecimento por garantirem condições acadêmicas, estruturais e pedagógicas para que esses projetos se concretizassem e fossem aqui registrados.RECONHECIMENTO AO COLEGIADO DE BIOMEDICINA Um agradecimento especial é dirigido ao colegiado de graduação em Biomedicina, cuja dedicação à formação integral dos estudantes se expressa no estímulo permanente à produção científica, às ações de extensão e à reflexão crítica sobre a prática em saúde.O acompanhamento próximo, a orientação qualificada e a abertura ao diálogo foram fundamentais para que cada proposta extensionista ganhasse forma, sentido e rigor, resultando neste material que se oferece à comunidade acadêmica e à sociedade como um convite à continuidade de novas experiências e parcerias.","author":[{"family":"Júnior","given":"Antônio"},{"family":"Araújo","given":"Filipe"},{"family":"Paz","given":"Carolina"},{"family":"Fonseca","given":"Clícia"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Filipe"},{"family":"Altoé","given":"Leandra"},{"family":"Soares","given":"Vinícius"},{"family":"Lima","given":"Pâmela"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_15","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_15","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7166831989","type":"article-journal","title":"Enhancing CO 2 capture performance and cyclic stability of calcium-based absorbents through controlled high-temperature pretreatment","abstract":"Abstract With the aggravation of environmental pollution issues, the development of high-efficiency absorbents to tackle CO 2 emissions from industrial flue gas has become a research focus. In this paper, high-purity commercial CaO was selected as the research object and modified via a high-temperature pretreatment method to improve its CO 2 capture performance and cyclic stability. Experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of different pretreatment durations on the CO 2 capture performance of calcium-based absorbents under the condition of 800 °C. Various characterization techniques were combined to reveal the intrinsic correlation between their microstructure and performance. The results show that high-temperature pretreatment can effectively enhance the CO 2 capture performance of calcium-based absorbents. The CaO-S2 sample calcined at 800 °C for 2 h exhibits the optimal comprehensive performance. Although its initial adsorption capacity is about 0.30 g/g, slightly lower than that of the CaO-S0.5 sample, it remains at approximately 0.30 g/g after 10 calcination-carbonation cycles. This stability is due to its self-activation effect and excellent sintering resistance, making it significantly superior to other samples.","author":[{"family":"Cao","given":"Xingyu"},{"family":"He","given":"Ping"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Runyao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1742-6596/3269/1/012091","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3269/1/012091","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7135178105","type":"article-journal","title":"Práticas de gestão do conhecimento em universidades corporativas em rede","abstract":"Este artigo analisa como as práticas de Gestão do Conhecimento (GC) se manifestam em Universidades Corporativas em Rede (UCR). A pesquisa é uma revisão integrativa da literatura, combinando as diretrizes do PRISMA 2020 para seleção dos estudos e análise de conteúdo para análise qualitativa dos dados. O corpus inclui artigos científicos vindo da busca sistematizada e literatura cinzenta relacionada ao modelo de UCR, codificados com base nas seis dimensões clássicas da GC: aquisição, criação, compartilhamento, armazenamento, aplicação e renovação. Os resultados evidenciam práticas fragmentadas, com predominância de ações voltadas à capacitação e ao compartilhamento pontual de informações, mas com fragilidades nos processos de criação, integração, armazenamento e uso estratégico do conhecimento. Observou-se baixa articulação entre as práticas de GC e o modelo de atuação em rede, o que compromete a aprendizagem colaborativa, a governança informacional e a memória organizacional. Embora existam iniciativas alinhadas à literatura de GC, a UCR necessita avançar na sistematização, integração e continuidade dos processos para consolidar a GC como eixo estratégico e fortalecer fluxos de conhecimento em ambientes interorganizacionais.","author":[{"family":"Santos","given":"Bruna"},{"family":"Aldana","given":"Ricardo"},{"family":"Couto","given":"Rogéria"},{"family":"Arruda","given":"Rivaldo"},{"family":"Souza","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Freire","given":"Patrícia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54899/dcs.v23i88.4951","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54899/dcs.v23i88.4951","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7169684729","type":"article-journal","title":"Environmental life cycle assessment of fly ash-based cement (PPC) vs ordinary Portland cement (OPC)","abstract":"A comparative environmental assessment of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and fly ash-based Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) was conducted using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology in OpenLCA v2.5. Operational data obtained from publicly available reports of an Indian cement manufacturing facility were integrated with secondary inventory datasets from Ecoinvent 3.01. The study evaluated environmental impacts associated with raw material extraction, transportation, clinker production, cement grinding, and packaging within a production-stage life-cycle boundary. Environmental performance was quantified using the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (Hierarchist) impact assessment method in accordance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards. Results indicate that PPC exhibits significantly lower environmental impacts than OPC across major categories. Global warming potential was reduced from 873.38 to 598.68 kg CO₂-eq per tonne of cement, while reductions were also observed in terrestrial acidification, marine eutrophication, particulate matter formation, and fossil fuel depletion. The lower environmental burden of PPC is primarily attributed to reduced clinker content through fly ash substitution. Clinker production remained the principal source of emissions in both cement systems. The findings support the use of blended cement as an effective strategy for reducing environmental impacts associated with cement manufacturing in India. Keywords: Environmental impact; fly ash; life cycle assessment; OpenLCA; Ordinary Portland Cement; Portland Pozzolana Cement; ReCiPe 2016; sustainable construction","author":[{"family":"Khare","given":"Pankaj"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Prabhat"},{"family":"Prajapati","given":"Ramkrishna"},{"family":"Jain","given":"Megha"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.18844/cerj.v16i2.10009","URL":"https://doi.org/10.18844/cerj.v16i2.10009","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160888633","type":"article-journal","title":"Cardiac mechanical efficiency as a predictor of in-hospital mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock","abstract":"Abstract Background Cardiogenic shock (CS) is characterized by critically low cardiac output and impaired myocardial energy transfer to cardiac work. Left-ventricular (LV) cardiac mechanical efficiency (CE), defined as the fraction of total pressure-volume area (PVA) converted to external work (EW), captures how effectively the LV converts energy into stroke work. Because CE integrates load, chamber volumes, and pump performance into a single physiologic construct, it may directly reflect the energy-work mismatch that characterizes CS. The prognostic value of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE)-derived CE for in-hospital outcomes in CS remains uncertain. Purpose To determine whether TTE-derived CE measured within 24 hours of admission predicts in-hospital mortality in patients with CS, and to compare its discriminatory performance with LV ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods Data from CS patients admitted between 2007 and 2018 were analyzed. First LV end-systolic pressure (LVESP=0.9×systolic blood pressure), stroke volume (SV), and LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP, estimated using the Nagueh formula) was estimated. CE was then estimated based on EW (EW=(LVESP×SV)−(SV×LVEDP)), potential energy (PE=0.5×LVESP×LV end-systolic volume) and PVA (EW+PE) as CE=EW/PVA×100. We assessed CE and LVEF by TTE performed within 24 hours of admission. Patients were separated into tertiles of CE: high (>47%), moderate (36% < CE ≤47%), and low (CE ≤36%). The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. A key secondary endpoint was cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) mortality. Associations were tested with multivariable logistic regression (pre-specified covariates including LVEF). Results A total of 577 patients were included. Median age was 69 (IQR: 59-78) years, 38% were females and 65% had acute coronary syndrome. CICU mortality was 20% and total in-hospital mortality was 29%. Patients with low CE had a lower LVEF compared with patients with moderate or high CE (21% (IQR:19-24%) vs 31% (IQR: 28-33%) and 45% (39-51%) respectively). Median CE was 40.5% (IQR 31.8–51.0%) and was lower for in-hospital deaths (37.1% vs 42.1%, P<0.001). Patients with lower CE exhibited significantly higher CICU (P=0.003) and in-hospital mortality (P<0.001; Figure 1). Patients with CE in the lowest tertile had significantly increased risk of CICU and in-hospital death (Figure 2) compared with moderate or high CE tertiles. In multivariate analysis, every 1% decrease in CE corresponded to an 10% increased risk of CICU death and an 8% increased risk of in-hospital death. When both CE and LVEF were included in the same multivariate model, both were significant predictors of CICU death, while only CE remained a significant predictor of in-hospital death. Conclusion In patients with CS, TTE-derived CE measured within 24 hours of admission predicts early risk of death, underscoring the prognostic importance of LV energy-work coupling as a marker of disease severity beyond LVEF measurement.Figure 1: Figure 2:","author":[{"family":"Horsdal","given":"OK"},{"family":"Berg-Hansen","given":"K"},{"family":"Oh","given":"J"},{"family":"Ito","given":"S"},{"family":"Borlaug","given":"B"},{"family":"Nielsen","given":"BRR"},{"family":"Wiggers","given":"H"},{"family":"Jentzer","given":"JC"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ehjacc/zuag046.173","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjacc/zuag046.173","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7154847309","type":"article-journal","title":"EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF SILCAB-TYPE FILTERS FOR THE REMOVAL OF ANTIBIOTICS FROM WASTEWATER","abstract":"Este e-book reúne experiências extensionistas que revelam a potência formativa, científica e social da Biomedicina no Extremo Sul da Bahia, articulando ensino, pesquisa e compromisso com a realidade local.Ao narrar projetos que vão da educação em saúde na escola à prevenção de câncer, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, hipertensão arterial e incentivo à doação de sangue, a obra evidencia o protagonismo estudantil na promoção da saúde e na defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde, dando visibilidade a ações que ultrapassam os muros da academia e incidem diretamente na vida da comunidade.EXTENSÃO, CUIDADO E FORMAÇÃO Cada capítulo deste e-book traduz um movimento de aproximação entre o conhecimento biomédico e as necessidades concretas da população, valorizando metodologias participativas, linguagem acessível e recursos lúdicos como estratégias para ampliar o diálogo em saúde.As experiências aqui sistematizadas mostram como a extensão universitária favorece a construção de um olhar crítico, ético e humanizado, fortalecendo competências técnicas e também comunicacionais, relacionais e cidadãs nos futuros profissionais da área.COMPROMISSO COM A COMUNIDADE As ações descritas evidenciam a responsabilidade social da formação em Biomedicina, ao abordar temas sensíveis e prioritários, como prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, doação de sangue, higiene e saúde escolar, hipertensão arterial e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.Em diferentes cenáriosescolas públicas, espaços acadêmicos, serviços de saúde e ambientes comunitáriosos projetos demonstram que a educação em saúde, quando dialogada e contextualizada, contribui para reduzir vulnerabilidades, combater estigmas e fortalecer o autocuidado individual e coletivo.AGRADECIMENTOS INSTITUCIONAIS Este e-book não seria possível sem o apoio institucional da Faculdade do Sul da Bahia (FASB), que tem investido na extensão universitária como dimensão indissociável do ensino e da pesquisa, incentivando iniciativas que aproximam a Biomedicina das demandas do território e reafirmam o papel social da educação superior.Aos gestores, coordenações, docentes e equipes técnicas da FASB, o mais sincero reconhecimento por garantirem condições acadêmicas, estruturais e pedagógicas para que esses projetos se concretizassem e fossem aqui registrados.RECONHECIMENTO AO COLEGIADO DE BIOMEDICINA Um agradecimento especial é dirigido ao colegiado de graduação em Biomedicina, cuja dedicação à formação integral dos estudantes se expressa no estímulo permanente à produção científica, às ações de extensão e à reflexão crítica sobre a prática em saúde.O acompanhamento próximo, a orientação qualificada e a abertura ao diálogo foram fundamentais para que cada proposta extensionista ganhasse forma, sentido e rigor, resultando neste material que se oferece à comunidade acadêmica e à sociedade como um convite à continuidade de novas experiências e parcerias.","author":[{"family":"Willrich","given":"Joana"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Bruno"},{"family":"Henn","given":"Guilherme"},{"family":"Libardoni","given":"Milena"},{"family":"Schabacch","given":"Gabriela"},{"family":"Weber","given":"Ani"},{"family":"Neto","given":"Manoel"},{"family":"Alves","given":"José"},{"family":"Burlani","given":"Élvio"},{"family":"Hoehne","given":"Lucélia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416694494","type":"article-journal","title":"Effect of a green corrosion inhibitor on the chemical composition and surface morphology of N80 steel in carbon dioxide-saturated brine at elevated temperature","abstract":"The decarbonization of European industry will require large-scale underground CO₂ storage.To ensure the longterm safety of storage sites, it is essential to maintain the integrity of both the geological formation and the surface infrastructure.A critical component exposed to elevated risk are production pipelines and tubing, which operate under highly corrosive conditions -typically involving CO₂-saturated brine at elevated temperatures constitute critical components exposed to elevated risk.To mitigate corrosion, chemical inhibitors are commonly injected into the system.In line with sustainability goals, the use of environmentally friendly, or \"green,\" corrosion inhibitors is recommended.Among many green inhibitors, citrus extracts are particularly popular.In this study, the effect of an alcoholic extract from mandarin peels on the surface of N60 steel was investigated in a 3.5% NaCl environment saturated with CO₂ at 60 °C.Infrared spectroscopy (IR) was used to identify active compounds in the extract and assess the chemical interactions between the steel and the brine, while surface morphology was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The results showed that the inhibitor remained present on the steel surface even at elevated temperatures, whereas the steel surface exhibited less degradation and was more homogeneous.The elemental composition of steel determined by SEM-EDS confirms the presence of a protective layer: the Fe content increases from 66.66% (sample without inhibitor) to 82.50% (with inhibitor), which indicates that the Fe dissolution rate decreases in the presence of the inhibitor.","author":[{"family":"Bilić","given":"Gordana"},{"family":"Knapik","given":"Ewa"},{"family":"Toczek","given":"Przemysław"},{"family":"Žbulj","given":"Katarina"},{"family":"Medved","given":"Igor"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.12911/22998993/208858","URL":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/208858","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7144039184","type":"article-journal","title":"Coverage Effects of ZrO2 on Selectivity Control in CO₂ Hydrogenation","abstract":"Oxide coverage critically influences catalytic performance in inverse systems. In this study, density functional theory calculations were performed on Cu surfaces decorated with ZrO2 coverages ranging from 5% to 30%. The results reveal a volcano-type relationship between oxide coverage and methanol selectivity, with optimal performance near 15% coverage. At this coverage, CO formation rates decrease by 60% while methanol production is maximized. Excessive ZrO2 coverage limits hydrogen mobility, reducing overall activity. The findings provide quantitative guidelines for optimizing oxide loading in inverse catalysts.","author":[{"family":"Rinaldi","given":"Marco"},{"family":"Conti","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Ferraro","given":"Giulia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.71465/gmssrj163","URL":"https://doi.org/10.71465/gmssrj163","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167471753","type":"article-journal","title":"Strategies to promote safe mobilization of people with obesity in inpatient care settings: A scoping review protocol","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Hospital-associated deconditioning is common during inpatient admissions, particularly among patients with obesity whose mobilization presents added complexity and safety challenges. Despite the known benefits of mobilization, there is no comprehensive synthesis or guidelines to address safe mobilization for patients with obesity in inpatient settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This protocol describes a scoping review that will systematically map the literature on mobilization strategies used for adults with obesity in acute and inpatient rehabilitation settings, including barriers and facilitators to safe practice. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute methods and PRISMA-ScR reporting, peer-reviewed studies involving patients with author-defined obesity will be identified through comprehensive searches of Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Ovid Emcare, Ovid AMED, EbscoHost CINAHL, and Clarivate Web of Science from database inception. Screening and data extraction will be conducted independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by consensus or a third reviewer. Data will be summarized narratively and with descriptive statistics, as appropriate. CONCLUSION: The results of this scoping review will summarize the available evidence on the strategies used to safely mobilize patients with obesity during admission to inpatient settings and the barriers and facilitators that impact these strategies. A manuscript will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at appropriate rehabilitation conferences.","author":[{"family":"Roberts","given":"Rebecca"},{"family":"Finkelzon","given":"Elizabeth"},{"family":"Younker","given":"Anika"},{"family":"Merriman","given":"Georgia"},{"family":"Claveria","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Lancaster","given":"Julianna"},{"family":"Farley","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Newman","given":"Anastasia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pone.0353176","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353176","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133226274","type":"article-journal","title":"Research on the Bi-Level Optimal Scheduling Model and Method for Integrated Energy Systems with Multi-Energy Flow Coupling","abstract":"To enhance the market-oriented operation capability of integrated energy retailers and improve the synergy and economic efficiency of complex microgrids, this paper constructs a bi-level optimization model of “upper-level price optimization, lower-level multi-energy flow scheduling” under the background of multi-energy coupling of electricity, heat, gas, and hydrogen. The upper level optimizes electricity and heat price signals using the APSO and IGWO algorithms, while the lower level realizes coordinated multi-energy flow scheduling based on these signals. The operational performance of the two algorithms is compared across four scenarios. The results show that the scenario with multi-energy storage (Scenario 3) is the optimal adaptive scenario: the charge–discharge regulation of energy storage interacts with price guidance, and the peak-shaving and valley-filling characteristics significantly improve the system’s energy utilization efficiency. This scenario can fully unlock the value of bi-level optimization and meet the operational requirements of complex multi-energy coupling. In the algorithm comparison, the APSO algorithm presents distinct advantages, outperforming the IGWO algorithm in the precise regulation of upper-level electricity and heat prices, lower-level multi-energy flow balance, total operation cost control, and convergence stability. It provides an effective technical solution for the economic and stable operation of integrated energy systems.","author":[{"family":"Shen","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Qu","given":"Boyang"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Tao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19051245","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19051245","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133518273","type":"article-journal","title":"EDUCAR PARA PREVENIR: EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE ESCOLAR COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA A PROMOÇÃO DA HIGIENE E PREVENÇÃO DE DOENÇAS NA INFÂNCIA","abstract":"Este e-book reúne experiências extensionistas que revelam a potência formativa, científica e social da Biomedicina no Extremo Sul da Bahia, articulando ensino, pesquisa e compromisso com a realidade local.Ao narrar projetos que vão da educação em saúde na escola à prevenção de câncer, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, hipertensão arterial e incentivo à doação de sangue, a obra evidencia o protagonismo estudantil na promoção da saúde e na defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde, dando visibilidade a ações que ultrapassam os muros da academia e incidem diretamente na vida da comunidade.EXTENSÃO, CUIDADO E FORMAÇÃO Cada capítulo deste e-book traduz um movimento de aproximação entre o conhecimento biomédico e as necessidades concretas da população, valorizando metodologias participativas, linguagem acessível e recursos lúdicos como estratégias para ampliar o diálogo em saúde.As experiências aqui sistematizadas mostram como a extensão universitária favorece a construção de um olhar crítico, ético e humanizado, fortalecendo competências técnicas e também comunicacionais, relacionais e cidadãs nos futuros profissionais da área.COMPROMISSO COM A COMUNIDADE As ações descritas evidenciam a responsabilidade social da formação em Biomedicina, ao abordar temas sensíveis e prioritários, como prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, doação de sangue, higiene e saúde escolar, hipertensão arterial e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.Em diferentes cenáriosescolas públicas, espaços acadêmicos, serviços de saúde e ambientes comunitáriosos projetos demonstram que a educação em saúde, quando dialogada e contextualizada, contribui para reduzir vulnerabilidades, combater estigmas e fortalecer o autocuidado individual e coletivo.AGRADECIMENTOS INSTITUCIONAIS Este e-book não seria possível sem o apoio institucional da Faculdade do Sul da Bahia (FASB), que tem investido na extensão universitária como dimensão indissociável do ensino e da pesquisa, incentivando iniciativas que aproximam a Biomedicina das demandas do território e reafirmam o papel social da educação superior.Aos gestores, coordenações, docentes e equipes técnicas da FASB, o mais sincero reconhecimento por garantirem condições acadêmicas, estruturais e pedagógicas para que esses projetos se concretizassem e fossem aqui registrados.RECONHECIMENTO AO COLEGIADO DE BIOMEDICINA Um agradecimento especial é dirigido ao colegiado de graduação em Biomedicina, cuja dedicação à formação integral dos estudantes se expressa no estímulo permanente à produção científica, às ações de extensão e à reflexão crítica sobre a prática em saúde.O acompanhamento próximo, a orientação qualificada e a abertura ao diálogo foram fundamentais para que cada proposta extensionista ganhasse forma, sentido e rigor, resultando neste material que se oferece à comunidade acadêmica e à sociedade como um convite à continuidade de novas experiências e parcerias.","author":[{"family":"Suzano","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Barros","given":"Anna"},{"family":"Rosa","given":"Ester"},{"family":"Araújo","given":"Ketelly"},{"family":"Sales","given":"Laís"},{"family":"Miranda","given":"Letícia"},{"family":"Viana","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Lago","given":"Vivian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54033/stebook.978-65-83309-49-5_3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128677733","type":"article-journal","title":"Clinical Learning Experiences of Nursing Students at Medical Teaching Institute, Mardan College of Nursing and Mardan Medical Complex: A Qualitative Study in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","abstract":"Clinical and practical learning is an important element of teaching in the profession of nursing, as it allows for the transformation of classroom theory into practical clinical situations. This integration of theory into practice could be affected by many challenges in the clinical learning environment that students encounter. Students’ perceptions regarding difficulties faced in the clinical setting could be of help in assessing and addressing these challenges. Objectives: To explore the nursing students’ opinions on their clinical learning experiences. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study design using a phenomenological approach was used to explore the opinions of the students of bachelor nursing program on their clinical learning experiences. Thematic analysis was done. The sample included three males and three female students. Results: Five themes emerged from the data, which included: anxiety towards clinical learning environment, barriers to clinical learning, inappropriate teaching practices and learning context, ineffective coordination in the learning environment, and inefficient clinical faculty and preceptor role. Conclusions: The study results indicated nursing students’ overall dissatisfaction with their clinical learning experiences. The findings advocated for bringing improvement in the clinical learning environment and correcting the highlighted deficiencies in the best possible way. The nursing faculty, clinical staff, and administration should play their role in this regard.","author":[{"family":"Khan","given":"Shaier"},{"family":"Muhammad","given":"Dildar"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Syed"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Hizbullah"},{"family":"Naz","given":"Najma"},{"family":"Khanum","given":"Sabiha"},{"family":"Aslam","given":"Zeenaf"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54393/pbmj.v9i1.1326","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v9i1.1326","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7138433522","type":"article-journal","title":"Prophylaxis does not prevent symptomatic venous thromboembolism following anterior cruciate ligament surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a potential complication following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The necessity and efficacy of routine thromboprophylaxis following ACL reconstruction remain controversial. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of thromboprophylaxis in preventing symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) following ACLR. EVIDENCE REVIEW: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were performed from inception to January 2026. Included studies compared any form of VTE prophylaxis (pharmacologic, mechanical, or combination approaches) to a control group (no prophylaxis) in patients undergoing isolated ACLR, reporting on symptomatic VTE as a primary outcome. Symptomatic VTE events were pooled and compared using a random-effects model, calculating the pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). FINDINGS: Thirteen studies, comprising 29,186 patients, were included (1 randomized controlled trial [RCT], 12 observational studies). The mean age of the overall patient cohort ranged from 26.5 to 34.2 years, with predominantly male patients (approximately 59.3%). The pooled incidence of symptomatic VTE across all studies was 0.41% (120/29,186 patients). Comparative analysis showed 51 symptomatic events in the prophylaxis group (n = 10,984, 0.46%), and 69 events in the no prophylaxis group (n = 18,202, 0.38%). Meta-analysis of eligible studies showed no statistically significant impact of thromboprophylaxis on the risk of symptomatic VTE occurrence (risk difference [RD], 0.00; 95% CI, -0.00 to 0.00; p = 0.795). The overall complication rate was notably higher among those who received prophylaxis (n = 122, 1.11%) compared to those who did not (n = 6, 0.03%), primarily due to minor bleeding events and hemarthrosis. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Routine thromboprophylaxis following isolated ACLR does not yield a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of symptomatic VTE in the general patient population, which already has a very low intrinsic risk (0.41%). Given the very low baseline risk and potential for complications, routine prophylaxis is not recommended for all patients undergoing isolated ACLR. A risk-stratified approach using validated assessment tools should be employed to identify high-risk individuals who may benefit from prophylaxis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.","author":[{"family":"Das","given":"Saubhik"},{"family":"Simunovic","given":"Nicole"},{"family":"Maria","given":"Fabrizio"},{"family":"Ayeni","given":"Olufemi"},{"family":"Khanduja","given":"Vikas"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Amit"},{"family":"Hoser","given":"Christian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jisako.2026.101099","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisako.2026.101099","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7119466631","type":"article-journal","title":"CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICAS E CIRURGIA EM MULHERES COM CÂNCER DO COLO DO ÚTERO ATENDIDAS NA GINECO OBSTETRÍCIA - IPS 2023","abstract":"O câncer do colo do útero permanece como um dos principais desafios de saúde pública global, sendo o segundo tumor ginecológico mais frequente e uma importante causa de mortalidade em mulheres com menos de 65 anos. Em 2018, foram registrados 569.847 novos casos em todo o mundo, representando 6,6% de todos os cânceres femininos, além de 311.365 óbitos, correspondendo a 7,5% das mortes por câncer. Apesar de avanços na prevenção e detecção precoce, especialmente com o rastreamento por citologia oncótica e vacinação contra HPV, muitas mulheres ainda são diagnosticadas em estágios avançados, o que compromete o prognóstico. Entre as opções terapêuticas, a traquelectomia radical e a linfadenectomia surgem como alternativas cirúrgicas relevantes em determinados cenários clínicos. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever as características clínicas e os tratamentos realizados em pacientes com câncer do colo do útero atendidas no Serviço de Gineco-Obstetrícia do Hospital Central do IPS, no ano de 2023. Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal que incluiu pacientes hospitalizadas com diagnóstico confirmado de tumores malignos do colo uterino, segundo o CID-10, abrangendo lesões de endocérvice, exocérvice, colo e istmo uterino. Foram identificadas 83 pacientes. A mediana de idade foi de 42,5 anos (variação: 23–84), sendo que 44,5% tinham menos de 40 anos, e 53% residiam em áreas rurais. O tempo médio de internação foi de 3,1 ± 2,7 dias, e 28% apresentavam sobrepeso ou obesidade. Em relação ao estadiamento, 41% estavam no estágio I, 36% no estágio II e 23% no estágio III. Procedimentos como anexectomia e linfadenectomia foram realizados em 57% das pacientes. Observou-se que mulheres mais jovens (<43 anos) e de zonas rurais apresentavam maior frequência de sobrepeso/obesidade associada a estágios II e III da doença.Os achados reforçam a necessidade de estratégias voltadas ao diagnóstico precoce, acesso ampliado ao atendimento especializado e abordagem multidisciplinar para reduzir a morbimortalidade relacionada ao câncer cervical.","author":[{"family":"Cartaman","given":"Leticia"},{"family":"Espinoza","given":"Carmen"},{"family":"Souza","given":"Lígia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.51891/rease.v12i1.23331","URL":"https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v12i1.23331","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165148519","type":"article-journal","title":"Revelaciones contables y de riesgos sobre eventos catastróficos en Chile","abstract":"Las sociedades se ven expuestas a eventos catastróficos que la naturaleza trae aparejado, como incendios de gran envergadura, terremotos y tsunamis, sequías, entre otros. Chile no está ajeno y algunos de estos riesgos han estado muy presentes, afectando a la sociedad civil y al mundo empresarial. El propósito de esta investigación es describir las prácticas contables y revelaciones sobre los riesgos de una muestra de 20 empresas chilenas cotizadas afectadas por eventos catastróficos, a partir de sus estados financieros y memorias anuales, para el periodo 2010 a 2024. Los resultados muestran que las prácticas contables usuales son provisiones, indemnizaciones y deterioros de activos, indistintamente el sector en el que opera la compañía. Las revelaciones de la gestión de riesgos de eventos catastróficos se diferencian por tipo de amenaza. Para riesgos sísmicos, todas las compañías reconocen este peligro debido a la ubicación de Chile en el Cinturón de Fuego del Pacífico, adoptando medidas como coberturas de seguros, refuerzo de infraestructuras y planes de emergencia, también se abordan los incendios y sequías. Este estudio aporta con evidencia empírica acerca de las prácticas de revelación.","author":[{"family":"Parada","given":"Fernando"},{"family":"Provoste","given":"Victor"},{"family":"Bastías","given":"Daniel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.36791/tcg.v11i31.279","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36791/tcg.v11i31.279","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133481463","type":"article-journal","title":"Pinch-Guided Heat Integration for Hydrogen Production from Mixed Plastic Waste","abstract":"The conversion of plastic waste into hydrogen offers a promising waste-to-value pathway, but its industrial viability is constrained by high external energy demand associated with thermochemical processing. This study evaluates the energy performance of hydrogen production from mixed plastic waste via pyrolysis and in-line steam reforming, with a focus on reducing utility consumption through systematic heat integration. A steady-state process model was developed in Aspen Plus for a representative mixture of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, followed by detailed energy analysis and pinch-based heat integration using Aspen Energy Analyser. Baseline utility requirements were quantified and compared against optimised configurations incorporating targeted heat exchanger network modifications. The base-case analysis identified significant recoverable heat, enabling a reduction in total external utilities from 7.14 to 2.88 GJ h−1, corresponding to a 59.6% decrease in utility demand. Sequential heat integration scenarios further reduced heating and cooling duties while maintaining process operability, demonstrating the effectiveness of iterative, pinch-guided design. The results show that high-temperature waste-plastic-to-hydrogen systems need not be utility-dominated when energy integration is embedded at the design stage. These findings highlight heat integration as a critical enabler for improving the energy efficiency and sustainability of pyrolysis–reforming routes and provide a robust framework for developing scalable, low-carbon hydrogen production from plastic waste.","author":[{"family":"Medaiyese","given":"Fiyinfoluwa"},{"family":"Ghiri","given":"MN"},{"family":"Nasriani","given":"Hamid"},{"family":"Khajenoori","given":"Leila"},{"family":"Khan","given":"KA"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/hydrogen7010038","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen7010038","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416575648","type":"article-journal","title":"Innovation curse: the wastefulness of technologies believed to mitigate climate change","abstract":"Abstract Technological innovations are increasingly promoted as solutions to climate change. However, many innovations, including Carbon Capture and Storage, bioplastics, and glacier geo-engineering, suffer significant limitations from high costs, speculative efficacy, and adverse ecological consequences. Using Granular Interaction Thinking Theory (GITT), a transdisciplinary framework grounded in information theory, quantum mechanics, and mindsponge theory, in this study, we explain how such technological innovations become systemically favored despite their flaws. We introduce the concept of the “innovation curse,” which arises when institutional and cognitive filtering systems, operating under high informational entropy, default to familiar but ineffective techno-solutions while marginalizing Indigenous and Local Knowledges and nature-based approaches. To address this dysfunction, we propose the Eco-Surplus Transformation Framework, a new model for environmental decision-making designed to foster an eco-surplus culture. Guided by a core semiconducting principle that prohibits offsetting environmental harm with monetary value, the framework establishes a rational hierarchy for climate action that prioritizes harm prevention and proven ecological strategies. We provide the Eco-Surplus Governance Matrix as a toolkit for implementing this paradigm shift through institutional reform. Ultimately, our study argues for a fundamental reorientation of climate strategy away from technological solutionism and toward regenerative, community-driven practices rooted in Indigenous and Local Knowledges to foster long-term environmental resilience.","author":[{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Minh"},{"family":"Gagnon","given":"Valoree"},{"family":"Tran","given":"Thanh"},{"family":"Tran","given":"Thi"},{"family":"Tran","given":"Thi"},{"family":"Tran","given":"Thi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1057/s41599-025-06098-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-06098-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407260573","type":"article-journal","title":"Towards CO2 emissions reduction of shipping: Ca(OH)2 based carbon capture system for safeguarding the marine environment","abstract":"Climate change poses a global challenge related to the reduction of pollutant atmospheric emissions and the maritime transportation sector is directly involved, due to its significant impact on the production of Greenhouse Gases and other substances. While established technologies have effectively targeted emissions like Nitrogen Oxides (NO X ) and Sulfur Oxides (SO X ), the persistence of Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions represents an ongoing and significant concern. Novel technologies targeting CO 2 reduction have been lately studied and proposed for inland applications, and are now being developed for maritime applications. With this regard, the present study explores the potential of Carbon Capture Systems (CCS) to mitigate CO 2 emissions produced by cargo ships. While the implementation of CCS faces challenges, including space limitations and logistical complexities, its possible integration onboard marks a significant step in the fight against climate change. The authors propose an innovative approach using a Calcium Hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 based CCS, offering the dual benefit of CO 2 reduction and the potential resolution of ocean acidification through Calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), the final product resulting from the CO 2 capture process. Additionally, the study examines the feasibility of the generated product for reuse in industry, promoting a circular economy and addressing environmental issues. This innovative solution underscores the urgent need for transformative measures to reduce maritime emissions, in line with efforts to safeguarding the marine environment and combat climate change.","author":[{"family":"Bortuzzo","given":"Valentina"},{"family":"Bertagna","given":"Serena"},{"family":"Braidotti","given":"Luca"},{"family":"Bucci","given":"Vittorio"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1434342","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1434342","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125955693","type":"article-journal","title":"Environmental assessment of several paths toward a carbon neutral ready-mixed concrete sector","abstract":"To prevent serious consequences of climate change, it is essential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, especially CO₂. The concrete industry, largely made up of ready-mixed reinforced concrete (RC), is a key part, as concrete is produced more than all other construction materials combined. This study evaluates decarbonization strategies in the RC sector, including low-clinker concrete (concrete with limestone calcined clay cement - LC 3 and high-volume limestone powder concrete - HVLPC), carbon capture and storage (CCS) and concrete with carbonated recycled aggregates (CRAC). Life cycle assessment was conducted on a typical RC floor slab under current and future conditions, including CCS and full electricity decarbonization. Results show a 60%–90% CO₂ reduction at the concrete level, but only ∼50% overall due to reinforcement impact—insufficient for net-zero under the assumptions made in this study. The best option combines HVLPC, oxyfuel CCS, and green electricity. With CCS and fully decarbonized electricity implemented in the future scenario, differences between conventional and low-clinker concretes drop below 10%. Possible mitigation strategies that can contribute to achieving carbon neutrality in the RC sector are decarbonization of the steel sector, increasing bioenergy and/or green hydrogen use in the kiln's fuel mix and decarbonization of transport.","author":[{"family":"Marinković","given":"SS"},{"family":"Bajić","given":"Petar"},{"family":"Tošić","given":"Nikola"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.cemconres.2026.108148","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2026.108148","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410826814","type":"article-journal","title":"PROS1‐MERTK Axis Drives Tumor Microenvironment Crosstalk and Progression in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma","abstract":"The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been rising annually, with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) accounting for more than half of the cases. While most PTMCs exhibit indolent growth and a favorable prognosis, some undergo clinical progression with poor outcomes. Thus, identifying biomarkers associated with PTC, particularly those related to PTMC progression, is crucial for precise risk stratification and treatment planning. This study utilized single-cell RNA sequencing on 19 surgical tissue specimens from 15 patients, including four para-tumor tissues, four non-progressive PTMCs, five progressive PTMCs, and six progressive PTCs. Key findings are corroborated through in vivo and in vitro experiments. Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics characterized the cellular ecosystem within PTC, revealing multi-directional evolutionary patterns as PTMC progresses. Analysis of progression-specific alterations in intercellular communication networks highlighted the PROS1-MERTK signaling interaction as pivotal in PTMC progression. In vitro and in vivo models confirm that the PROS1-MERTK axis accelerates PTMC progression via paracrine and autocrine signaling. Furthermore, NFYB and FOXP2 are identified as activators of PROS1 transcription in fibroblasts, promoting PTMC progression through the MERTK/WNT/TGF-β signaling. These findings underscore the PROS1/MERTK axis as a critical component of the cellular microenvironment and a key regulatory mechanism in PTMC progression.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wenqian"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ye"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Zhu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhiyuan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Hua‐qin"},{"family":"Ji","given":"Xiaoyu"},{"family":"Su","given":"Hongyue"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Fan"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Lirong"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Wei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202413474","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202413474","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408924151","type":"article-journal","title":"Adherence Towards Ventilator Associated Pneumonia Guidelines of Nurses Working in Critical Care","abstract":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Nurses' adherence to VAP prevention guidelines plays a critical role in reducing the incidence of this infection. However, various institutional and personal barriers can impact compliance rates in clinical settings. Objective: To assess the adherence of critical care unit (CCU) nurses to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) guidelines and identify factors influencing this adherence. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Critical Care Department of Medicare Hospital, Multan, from January 2024 to January 2025. A total of 100 nurses working in the ICU and CCU departments were included in this study, which employed convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of three parts: demographic information, VAP guideline adherence (scored on a validated scale), and perceived barriers to compliance. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Mean adherence scores were compared across different variables using appropriate statistical tests, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: The mean adherence score was 28.9 ± 4.04 (range: 17–34). Among the participants, 25% demonstrated good compliance, 30% satisfactory compliance, and 45% poor compliance with VAP guidelines. Significant barriers identified included staff shortage (70%), forgetfulness (65%), cost-control policies (60%), outdated education (44%), and fear of poor patient outcomes (42%). Nurses managing more than 20 ICU beds had adherence scores 8.0 points higher than those working fewer than 10 beds (p < 0.001). Additionally, nurses with prior education on VAP guidelines scored 0.8 points higher than their counterparts. Conclusion: Adherence to VAP guidelines among ICU nurses is suboptimal, with a significant proportion demonstrating poor compliance. Higher adherence was associated with more enormous ICU responsibilities and prior education on VAP. Institutional policies aimed at improving staffing levels and ongoing VAP education may enhance compliance and improve patient outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Zahra","given":"Hina"},{"family":"Zaffar","given":"Aliza"},{"family":"Saleem","given":"Neelam"},{"family":"Fatima","given":"Arooj"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.54112/bcsrj.v6i2.1576","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v6i2.1576","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7168836870","type":"article-journal","title":"Enabling access to talicabtagene autoleucel in relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies; multicenter real-world evidence on delivery, efficacy and safety","abstract":"Talicabtagene autoleucel (tali-cel) is the first humanized CD19-directed CAR-T cell therapy approved in India for relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Here, we integrated clinical and manufacturing operations through a centralized coordination unit (CCU) and evaluated tali-cel implementation. Patients with r/r B-ALL (n = 105) and r/r B-NHL (n = 145) who underwent leukapheresis between 15 November 2023 and 31 January 2025 across 56 treatment centers were included. The CCU enabled timely delivery, with manufacturing slot allocation within one week of slot request and a median vein-to-vein time of 29 days (range, 16-102), independent of geographic location. In r/r B-ALL patients, the median follow-up was 14 months, and the median overall survival (OS) not reached, and progression-free survival (PFS) was 18 months (range: 9-NR). The 12-month OS and PFS were 64% (95% CI: 53-72) and 55% (95% CI: 45-65). In r/r B-NHL, the median follow-up was 13 months and the median PFS was 11 months (range:7-16) and OS was not reached. The 12-month OS and PFS were 63% (95% CI: 54-71) and 47% (95% CI: 38-56). No patients underwent consolidative stem cell transplantation. Grade 3/4 cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and Immune Effector Cell-associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis-like Syndrome (IEC-HS) occurred in 6%, 4%, and 23% of r/r B-ALL and 6%, 3%, and 18% of r/r B-NHL patients, respectively. These findings demonstrate the successful implementation of tali-cel across multiple centers in a large cohort, which might contribute towards improving CAR-T access globally.","author":[{"family":"Karulkar","given":"Atharva"},{"family":"Jain","given":"Hasmukh"},{"family":"Sidharthan","given":"Neeraj"},{"family":"Bhurani","given":"Dinesh"},{"family":"Melinkeri","given":"Sameer"},{"family":"Boyella","given":"Pavan"},{"family":"Mehta","given":"P"},{"family":"Kaul","given":"Esha"},{"family":"Shah","given":"Sanket"},{"family":"Kalaiyarasi","given":"Jayachandran"},{"family":"Nair","given":"Chandran"},{"family":"Rahul","given":"Bhargava"},{"family":"Bagal","given":"Bhausaheb"},{"family":"Nayak","given":"Lingaraj"},{"family":"Shetty","given":"Alok"},{"family":"Menon","given":"Hari"},{"family":"Boya","given":"Rakesh"},{"family":"Abhinav","given":"Ram"},{"family":"Kalra","given":"Devanshi"},{"family":"Ravikumar","given":"Smrithi"},{"family":"Thorat","given":"Jayashree"},{"family":"Baheti","given":"Abhijit"},{"family":"Charan","given":"Abhishek"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"Ajay"},{"family":"Lahoti","given":"Akshay"},{"family":"Kapoor","given":"Amul"},{"family":"Aribandi","given":"Anil"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"Anshul"},{"family":"Chakrapani","given":"Anupam"},{"family":"Nair","given":"Bijay"},{"family":"Kazi","given":"Bilal"},{"family":"Dixit","given":"Gaurav"},{"family":"Badarkhe","given":"Girish"},{"family":"Malhotra","given":"Hemant"},{"family":"Subramanian","given":"Kannan"},{"family":"Kalra","given":"Kaushal"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Kishore"},{"family":"Bajaj","given":"Kripa"},{"family":"Goyal","given":"Kunal"},{"family":"Anukonda","given":"Narendra"},{"family":"Lokireddy","given":"Padmaja"},{"family":"Karunakaran","given":"Parathan"},{"family":"Shekhawat","given":"Prakash"},{"family":"Narayanan","given":"Prasad"},{"family":"Samal","given":"Priyanka"},{"family":"Jain","given":"Punit"},{"family":"Kapoor","given":"Rajan"},{"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Rajat"},{"family":"Ramaswamy","given":"NV"},{"family":"Sahoo","given":"Dr"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Rayaz"},{"family":"Chandar","given":"Rumesh"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"SK"},{"family":"Bhethanabhotla","given":"Sainath"},{"family":"Tulpule","given":"Sameer"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Santhosh"},{"family":"Damodar","given":"Sharat"},{"family":"Aggarwal","given":"S"},{"family":"Vaniyath","given":"Sudeep"},{"family":"Chaudhary","given":"Sumita"},{"family":"Cyriac","given":"Sunu"},{"family":"Chiraniya","given":"Suraj"},{"family":"Raja","given":"Dr"},{"family":"Rajshekhar","given":"T"},{"family":"Rajan","given":"Varun"},{"family":"Goli","given":"Vasu"},{"family":"Nair","given":"Velu"},{"family":"Patil","given":"Vijay"},{"family":"Sathyanarayanan","given":"Vishwanath"},{"family":"Ansari","given":"MS"},{"family":"Jaiswal","given":"Anjali"},{"family":"Yadav","given":"Yuktam"},{"family":"Soni","given":"Sakshi"},{"family":"Gera","given":"Karan"},{"family":"Sundharam","given":"Manivasagam"},{"family":"Shah","given":"Shreshtha"},{"family":"Firfiray","given":"Afrin"},{"family":"Patil","given":"Pranali"},{"family":"Pendhari","given":"Juber"},{"family":"Beher","given":"Rohit"},{"family":"Hotchandani","given":"Hema"},{"family":"John","given":"Anupa"},{"family":"Purwar","given":"Shalini"},{"family":"Shah","given":"Nirali"},{"family":"Fry","given":"Terry"},{"family":"Jain","given":"Nitin"},{"family":"Neelapu","given":"Sattva"},{"family":"Sengar","given":"Manju"},{"family":"Purwar","given":"Rahul"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41408-026-01569-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41408-026-01569-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409450363","type":"article-journal","title":"Ru-Nitrosyl Complex Salts as Efficient Catalysts for the Reversible CO 2 Hydrogenation/FA Dehydrogenation in Ionic Liquids","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide We demonstrate that bench-stable ruthenium-PNP nitrosyl complex salts with different counteranions (Cl –, BF 4 –, BPh 4 –, PF 6 –, and OTs – ) and a ruthenium-POP nitrosyl complex are competent (pre)catalysts for the CO 2 hydrogenation to formic acid (FA) at low temperatures in ionic liquids. Only a minor effect of variation of the counteranion was observed, and weakly basic ionic liquids such as EMIM OAc, BMIM OAc, and EMIM HCO 2 were suitable for this transformation, affording conversions up to 94 mol % formic acid compared to the ionic liquid (FA/IL) and turnover numbers (TONs) up to 1305. Importantly, the same catalytic system was also efficient for the dehydrogenation of formic acid back to CO 2 and H 2, affording conversions up to >95% (949 TON) after 3 h at 95 °C. To investigate the application of such protocols for hydrogen storage and transportation purposes, hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles were performed, showing that this new catalytic system can promote up to 10 reversible CO 2 hydrogenation/FA dehydrogenation cycles before losing its activity.","author":[{"family":"Correia","given":"José"},{"family":"Nori","given":"Valeria"},{"family":"Jørgensen","given":"Mike"},{"family":"Nikol","given":"Alexander"},{"family":"Nielsen","given":"Martin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/jacsau.5c00051","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jacsau.5c00051","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410006929","type":"article-journal","title":"Mitigating Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agricultural Soils with Biochar: A Scientometric and Visual Analysis","abstract":"The application of biochar in agricultural ecosystems has been demonstrated as an effective strategy for addressing climate change. This study conducted bibliometric analysis via CiteSpace to evaluate 989 publications (2010–2024) on biochar’s role in mitigating agricultural soil N2O emissions. Key findings include (i) rapid growth in publications and citations, with Science of the Total Environment leading in output and Soil Biology and Biochemistry in citation impact; (ii) China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences dominate national and institutional contributions, and author networks exhibit multi-tiered collaboration structures with limited overlap between high-productivity and high-impact researchers; (iii) research hotspots prioritize global warming potential, carbon footprint, and biochar’s chemistry property, mineralization, and pyrolysis processes; (iv) and the field evolved through three phases, as follows: initial emphasis on biochar–fertilizer synergies (2010–2015), followed by microbial mechanisms (2016–2020), and recent focus on soil carbon dynamics and multi-greenhouse gas interactions (2021–2024). Future research should address feedstock–pyrolysis coupling mechanisms, soil-specific application thresholds, and biochar–water–fertilizer interfacial interactions to optimize emission reduction, enhance nitrogen efficiency, and support China’s “Dual Carbon” goals. The study has important guiding significance for promoting the theoretical framework of sustainable agriculture and climate-resilient soil management.","author":[{"family":"Ren","given":"Jingyi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yixuan"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Mengqi"},{"family":"Zhuang","given":"Y"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jixiong"},{"family":"Chai","given":"Sen"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ziqi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yakun"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Peng"},{"family":"Qi","given":"Wei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/agronomy15051115","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15051115","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7133866140","type":"article-journal","title":"Lignin-Based Copper Nanoparticles for Green and Flexible Electronics","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Copper nanoparticles offer a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to silver-based materials for conductive inks in printed and flexible electronics. However, their practical application is often hindered by the need for inert atmospheres and environmentally hazardous reducing agents, but most critically by their rapid postsynthesis oxidation. In this work, we report a green, scalable synthesis of oxidation-resistant metallic Cu nanoparticles via a microwave-assisted polyol method using sodium hypophosphite as a nontoxic reducing agent and lignin as a capping and stabilizing agent. Nanoparticle formation occurs during a final microwave irradiation step as short as 5 min, following a brief homogenization stage, resulting in moderately polydisperse particles with average diameters around 150 nm and without the need for an inert atmosphere. The lignin coating significantly enhances the stability of the particles, maintaining their metallic state for over 120 days in ethanol and 60 days in air. Structural and compositional analyses confirm the effectiveness of lignin in preventing surface oxidation, while electrical conductivity tests show promising values (up to 3.83 × 10 6 S/m, corresponding to a resistivity of 26.1 μΩ·cm), outperforming commercial references. These results demonstrate the potential of lignin-stabilized copper nanoparticles as eco-friendly conductive fillers for next-generation green and flexible electronics.","author":[{"family":"Salvador","given":"María"},{"family":"Santana-Otero","given":"Antonio"},{"family":"Fernándezafonso","given":"Yilian"},{"family":"Veintemillas-Verdaguer","given":"Sabino"},{"family":"Zomeren","given":"AV"},{"family":"Bertran-Llorens","given":"Salvador"},{"family":"Gutiérrez","given":"Alejandro"},{"family":"Morales","given":"María"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsaelm.5c02668","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.5c02668","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407349103","type":"article-journal","title":"Identification of nutritional characteristics of Haliotis discus hannai in different China sea areas and health risks of heavy metal accumulation","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The nutritional compositions of abalones (Haliotis discus hannai) vary with geographical origins and environmental factors. Traceability is an important part of food safety, and the heavy metals in the aquatic environment pose a threat to living organisms. Therefore, we present a comparative analysis of the nutrient and heavy metal content in abalones from three different sea areas in China: the Bohai Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea. This study uniquely addresses the correlation between nutrient composition and heavy metal accumulation. By employing weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we reveal the biological implications of heavy metal exposure, specifically focusing on chromium, copper (Cu), manganese, zinc, arsenic (As), cadmium, and lead. RESULTS: Betaine, glycine, and glycogen appeared in three comparisons. The abalone in the East China Sea had the highest content of betaine, and the abalone in the South China Sea had the highest contents of glycine and glycogen. Among the measured metals, the heavy metals accumulated in the viscera were significantly higher than that in the muscle, except Cu, and As showed a high target hazard quotient and carcinogenic risk. CONCLUSION: Betaine, glycine, and glycogen might be important indicators for origin traceability of abalone. Abalones from the South China Sea provide higher nutritional value. Cu had different accumulation patterns and As showed high health risks, and heavy metals brought oxidative stress to abalone. Our findings not only contribute to the understanding of abalone safety and quality but also provide a novel approach to assessing impact of heavy metals on marine food sources. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Quanquan"},{"family":"Chang","given":"Yajie"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Jinxia"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Liubin"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Guiping"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Jianghua"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/jsfa.14155","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.14155","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415482767","type":"article-journal","title":"tRNA modifications as regulators of bacterial virulence and stress responses","abstract":"Bacteria are recognized for their ability to adapt their lifestyle to the environment. Specifically, when considering pathogenic bacteria, their capacity to respond to stress and switch to a virulent state through gene regulation is crucial. One of the mechanisms that enables regulation of gene expression at the translational level is RNA modification. These chemical changes produced by specific enzymes are present on all types of RNAs and can modulate translational efficiency by influencing the structure of RNA molecules, the codon usage bias, the interaction with other molecules, or the efficiency of ribosome action. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is the most modified RNA in the cell, with modifications in the core body of the tRNA primarily affecting the stability and flexibility of the structure while modifications in the anticodon stem-loop (ASL) are more involved in decoding, as well as the efficiency and fidelity of translation. Given the impacts of these modifications on the translation process and the critical role of modulating translation fidelity during bacterial stress responses and host interactions, tRNA modifications play an important role in regulating the expression of virulence factors in bacterial pathogens, resulting in changes in various phenotypes. This review aims to establish a comprehensive landscape of tRNA modifications and their direct impact on the translation process, emphasizing their significant role in bacterial virulence and stress responses.","author":[{"family":"Teixeira","given":"Chloé"},{"family":"Vandenesch","given":"François"},{"family":"Moreau","given":"Karen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1371/journal.ppat.1013600","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013600","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412910544","type":"article-journal","title":"New Scalable Electrosynthesis of Distinct High Purity Graphene Nanoallotropes from CO2 Enabled by Transition Metal Nucleation","abstract":"The electrochemical conversion of CO2 into high-purity Graphene NanoCarbon (GNC) materials provides a compelling path to address climate change while producing economically valuable nanomaterials. This work presents the progress and prospects of new large-scale syntheses of GNC allotropes via the C2CNT (CO2 to Carbon Nano Technology) process. The C2CNT molten carbonate electrolysis technique enables the formation of Carbon NanoTubes (CNTs), Magnetic CNTs (MCNTs), Carbon Nano-Onions (CNOs), Carbon Nano-Scaffolds (CNSs), and Helical CNTs (HCNTs) directly from atmospheric or industrial CO2. We discuss the morphology control enabled through variations in electrolyte composition, temperature, current density, and nucleation additives. We present results from scaled operations reaching up to 1000 tons/year CO2 conversion and propose design approaches to reach megaton scales to support climate mitigation and GNC mass production. The products demonstrate high crystallinity, as evidenced by Raman, XRD, SEM, and TGA analyses, and offer promising applications in electronics, construction, catalysis, and medical sectors.","author":[{"family":"Hofstetter","given":"Kyle"},{"family":"Licht","given":"Gad"},{"family":"Licht","given":"Stuart"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/cryst15080680","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15080680","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160836766","type":"article-journal","title":"Eficácia das vacinas anti-Papilomavírus Humano em mulheres no contexto global","abstract":"Introdução: O câncer do colo do útero (CCU) é o quarto mais comum entre as mulheres no mundo, tendo o Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) como agente etiológico. Existem aproximadamente 200 subtipos de HPV, classificados conforme seu potencial oncogênico em baixo e alto risco, sendo os tipos 16 e 18 responsáveis por parcela significativa dos casos de CCU. As vacinas anti-HPV surgiram como medida profilática eficaz contra o vírus, oferecendo proteção imunológica por meio de três tipos de imunizante: bivalente, que protege contra os tipos HPV 16 e 18; quadrivalente, contra os tipos 6, 11, 16 e 18; e nonavalente, contra os tipos 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 e 58. Objetivo: Analisar a eficácia das vacinas em mulheres na era pós-vacinal. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, do tipo revisão sistemática da literatura com meta-análise, realizado entre fevereiro de 2024 e maio de 2025, seguindo as diretrizes do PRISMA 2020. O protocolo foi registrado no PROSPERO (1057257). As buscas foram conduzidas nas bases de dados PubMed/Medline e SciELO, utilizando os descritores “HPV vaccine”, “efficacy” e “cervical cancer\", com filtros aplicados para artigos em texto completo, estudos com humanos do sexo feminino, publicados entre 2016 e 2025. Foram incluídos 11 estudos que avaliavam mulheres previamente vacinadas, com diferentes faixas etárias, tipos de vacina e contextos populacionais. Os dados foram analisados por meio de modelo estatístico de efeitos aleatórios, utilizando o pacote “meta” no software R. A heterogeneidade entre os estudos foi avaliada pelo teste Q de Cochran e pela estatística I² de Higgins e Thompson, considerando-se p < 0,1 e I² > 50% como indicativos de heterogeneidade, e p < 0,05 como significância estatística. Resultados: A amostra total analisada foi composta por 571.283 mulheres. A eficácia global estimada das vacinas foi de 99,9% (intervalo de confiança de 95%: 99,7–100), com alta heterogeneidade entre os estudos (I² = 97,3%). Na análise de subgrupos, com base no tipo de vacina (bivalente, quadrivalente e nonavalente), a vacina nonavalente apresentou eficácia de 100% (I² = 16%), demonstrando maior consistência entre os estudos avaliados. A vacina quadrivalente obteve eficácia de 99,9% (I² = 98,1%) e a bivalente, 99,6% (I² = 95,2%). A análise de sensibilidade leave-one-out demonstrou que os resultados são robustos e não dependem de um único estudo. A vacinação antes do início da vida sexual apresentou impacto significativo na prevenção de lesões precursoras e na redução do risco de CCU. Conclusão: As vacinas profiláticas contra o HPV demonstram alta eficácia na prevenção do CCU e de suas lesões precursoras, sendo essencial a promoção de políticas públicas que ampliem o acesso à vacinação, especialmente à vacina nonavalente, que apresentou os resultados mais consistentes entre os subgrupos analisados.","author":[{"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Andréa"},{"family":"Moussa","given":"Petra"},{"family":"Coelho","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Saddi","given":"Vera"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5327/2237-4574-ep09","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5327/2237-4574-ep09","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124723791","type":"article-journal","title":"Immune Dysregulation and Cytokine Profiling in Acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia","abstract":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common respiratory infection characterized by significant inflammatory responses and lung tissue injury. However, the precise immunological mechanisms and temporal dynamics of key cytokines driving pulmonary inflammation in MPP are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the underlying immunological mechanisms and cytokine dynamics in MPP. We established an acute MPP murine model via intranasal administration of M. pneumoniae. This model recapitulates key features of human MPP, such as robust airway inflammation and cytokine production. Comprehensive analyses were conducted, including histopathology, flow cytometry, and cytokine profiling. Results showed severe inflammatory responses with prominent infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in lung tissue, whereas monocyte populations were significantly reduced, indicating a shift towards myeloid cell predominance. Notably, 36 cytokines, including pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A) and chemokines, were statistically significantly upregulated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared to the normal group, highlighting a cytokine storm associated with lung inflammation and tissue damage. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway analysis further revealed enriched pathways related to cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and IL-17 signaling, suggesting potential therapeutic targets. In conclusion, this study preclinical provides insights into the innate immune response and cytokine-driven pathology in acute MPP, underscoring the pivotal roles of myeloid cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Future research should focus on clinical validation of these findings to assess their translational potential and the exploration of immunomodulatory strategies informed by this model to mitigate MPP severity.","author":[{"family":"Wen","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Zhai","given":"Yanfang"},{"family":"Sang","given":"Shuli"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Chen"},{"family":"Mao","given":"Yunyun"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Enbo"},{"family":"Zhai","given":"Lina"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Xuanqi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yanchun"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Rui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/microorganisms14010229","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14010229","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412535824","type":"article-journal","title":"A Novel Approach to Electrochemical Direct Air Capture Using Aqueous l -Arginine Amino Acid Solutions as an Absorption Solvent: Proof-of-Concept and Technoeconomics","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide CO 2 capture using an l -arginine solution as the sorbent, combined with its regeneration via bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED), is adapted to direct air capture (DAC). Results show that DAC using this approach is possible with a specific energy demand of around 2000 kWh t CO2 –1 for regeneration. Using a measuring method based on electrical conductivity developed within this work, we found the maximum loading of the l -arginine solution from ambient air to be 0.35 mol CO2 mol Arg –1 (0.95 mol CO2 mol Arg –1 with pure CO 2 ). For absorption, different 3D-printed gyroid structures were manufactured and tested. These structures enhanced the gas–liquid contact, resulting in an increase of CO 2 capture as compared to a reference pall ring packing, achieving competitive mass transfer coefficients ( k l a ) of up to 0.69 s –1 . Technoeconomic analysis revealed an achievable capture cost of less than 350€ t CO2 –1 with water loss, energy cost, and BPMED capex being the most relevant cost drivers.","author":[{"family":"Heß","given":"Dominik"},{"family":"Rubin","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Dittmeyer","given":"Roland"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04844","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04844","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411748654","type":"article-journal","title":"Applicability and Risk Stratification of QRISK®, Framingham Risk Score, Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Risk Assessment Tools Among Patients in Taif, Saudi Arabia","abstract":"Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally and continues to pose significant challenges to public health in Saudi Arabia. Risk prediction tools are essential in guiding preventive strategies, yet their accuracy may vary across populations. This study aimed to assess and compare the applicability, which was based on the availability of all required variables, and the risk stratification performance of four cardiovascular risk assessment tools, such as the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) Risk Estimator, Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), and QRISK®, among Saudi patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Alhada Armed Forces Hospital in Taif, Saudi Arabia, including all Saudi patients aged 18 years and older who were diagnosed with either a first or second myocardial infarction (MI) between January 2020 and January 2025. Data were collected through patient interviews and electronic medical records to retrospectively reconstruct the cardiovascular risk profile prior to the first MI event. Risk scores were calculated using the four tools, and each tool's applicability was based on the availability of all required variables. Statistical analyses were performed to assess tool applicability, risk stratification, and correlations among the tools. Results A total of 65 patients were included, with a mean age of 61 ± 13 years and a mean BMI of 29.9 ± 4.5 kg/m². The majority were male (76.9%), and common comorbidities included hypertension (49.2%), chronic kidney disease (10.8%), and atrial fibrillation (12.3%). QRISK® had the highest applicability (98.5%), followed by FRS (86.2%), ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Estimator (73.8%), and SCORE (66.2%). SCORE identified the highest proportion of high-risk patients (24.3%), followed by QRISK® (21.6%) and FRS (13.5%). Strong-to-very strong correlations were observed between the tools, especially between QRISK® and ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Estimator (r = 0.937) and QRISK® and FRS (r = 0.905). Conclusion QRISK® showed the highest applicability in this cohort; however, applicability does not reflect predictive accuracy. As these tools were designed for primary prevention, their use in post-MI patients may overestimate risk. Variability in high-risk classifications by the tools could affect preventive decisions. These findings underscore the need for further validation in larger, prospective, primary prevention studies within the Saudi population.","author":[{"family":"Alnefaie","given":"Suha"},{"family":"Bajaber","given":"Ameerah"},{"family":"Alzahrani","given":"Ahmad"},{"family":"Alotaibi","given":"Rakan"},{"family":"Alotaibi","given":"Amjad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.7759/cureus.86910","URL":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.86910","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411325713","type":"article-journal","title":"Numerical analysis of the effect of heterogeneity on CO 2 dissolution enhanced by gravity-driven convection","abstract":"Abstract. Dissolution trapping of CO2 in brine can mitigate the risk of supercritical CO2 leakage during long-term geological carbon sequestration (GCS). The dissolution of overlying supercritical CO2 into brine increases the density of brine in its upper portion, which causes gravity-driven convection (GDC) and thus significantly increases the rate of CO2 dissolution. To date, most studies on GDC-enhanced dissolution are based on homogeneous media, and only few studies exist on the effect of heterogeneity on GDC-enhanced dissolution. Here, we study the effect of heterogeneity and anisotropy on GDC-enhanced dissolution rate using numerical simulations with randomly obtained permeability fields. Dissolution rates calculated by these simulations are related to properties of the permeability field using least-squares regression. We obtained two empirical formulas for predicting the asymptotic GDC-enhanced dissolution rate. In the first formula the dissolution rate is almost linearly proportional to the dimensionless equivalent vertical permeability. In the second one the dissolution rate is linearly proportional to a dimensionless vertical finger-tip velocity. This indicates that the GDC-enhanced dissolution can be predicted using either the equivalent vertical permeability or the vertical finger-tip velocity. Furthermore, both formulas demonstrate that higher-permeability anisotropy results in lower dissolution rates, suggesting that pronounced horizontal stratification can inhibit the dissolution of CO2.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Yufei"},{"family":"Fernàndezgarcia","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Saaltink","given":"Maarten"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5194/hess-29-2485-2025","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2485-2025","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410347788","type":"article-journal","title":"Risk factors associated with gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cardiovascular disease (INTERBLEED): a case control study","abstract":"AIMS: This study aimed to identify and quantify the importance of risk factors for gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in patients with CV disease. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study in 9 countries in Asia, America, Europe, and Australia. Cases were patients with CV disease with GI bleeding. Controls were patients with CV without a history of GI bleeding. All participants completed a baseline standardized assessment. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and average population attributable fractions (aPAFs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Between September 2015 and December 2022, we enrolled 2,519 cases and 2,202 controls. Independent risk factors for GI bleeding were age (age 71+: OR 4.16, 95% CI 3.48-4.97; age 61-70: OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.39-2.04; age ≤60 as reference), underweight (OR 3.38, 95% CI 2.24-5.10; aPAF 1.6%, 95% CI 1.0-2.0%), current smoker (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.09-1.58; aPAF 1.5%, 95% CI 0.6-2.5); chronic kidney disease (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.62-2.14; aPAF 8.8%, 95% CI 7.0-9.6%), prior stroke (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.30-1.88, aPAF 2.6%, 95% CI 1.2-4.0%), glucocorticoids (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.34-2.16, aPAF 1.8%, 95% CI 1.3-2.9%), NSAIDs or COX-2 inhibitors (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.45-2.29; aPAF 2.2%, 95% CI 1.3-3.0%), liver disease (OR 3.68, 95% CI 2.77-4.89; aPAF 3.5%, 95% CI 2.8-4.2%), peptic ulcer disease (OR 3.38, 95% CI 2.66-4.31; aPAF 4.8%, 95% CI 3.8-5.7%), diverticular disease (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.46-2.24; aPAF 2.8%, 1.9-3.6%) and antithrombotic therapy within 6 months (aPAF 7.6%, 95% CI 4.3-12.8%). Overall aPAF adjusted for age, sex and region was 37.3% (95% CI 33.0-42.2%). CONCLUSION: Potentially modifiable risk factors are associated with only about one third of the aPAF for GI bleeding.","author":[{"family":"Bosch","given":"Jackie"},{"family":"Odonnell","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Yi","given":"Qilong"},{"family":"Moayyedi","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Alings","given":"Marco"},{"family":"Avezum","given":"Álvaro"},{"family":"Bangdiwala","given":"Shrikant"},{"family":"Barkun","given":"Alan"},{"family":"Cassella","given":"Federico"},{"family":"Rocha","given":"Aloísio"},{"family":"Duzen","given":"Irfan"},{"family":"Enns","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Forbes","given":"Nauzer"},{"family":"Hamilton","given":"Leah"},{"family":"Kılıçkap","given":"Mustafa"},{"family":"Krüger","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Nicolau","given":"José"},{"family":"Nunes","given":"RB"},{"family":"Oliviera","given":"George"},{"family":"Rey","given":"Alejandro"},{"family":"Shofiqul","given":"Islam"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Yihong"},{"family":"Vanassche","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Verhamme","given":"Peter"},{"family":"Walsh","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhenyu"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Cynthia"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Li"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Eikelboom","given":"John"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf300","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf300","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4405981688","type":"article-journal","title":"Emission characteristics of ethanolamine and ammonia in CO2 capture process by chemical absorption based on ethanolamine solution","abstract":"Abstract BACKGROUND The massive emission of greenhouse gases represented by CO2 has led to many environmental and climate problems. Chemical absorption after combustion has become an effective method for CO2 capture. Meanwhile, this method also leads to potential emission of pollutants, consisting mainly of ethanolamine (MEA) and ammonia (NH3). However, few studies focus on the emission characteristics of pollutants in chemical absorption systems and the factors influencing the emissions. RESULTS In this experiment, MEA and NH3 emissions during the CO2 capture process by the chemical absorption method under different conditions, such as flue gas and absorbent solution temperature, liquid‐to‐gas ratio, CO2 concentration in the flue gas, and absorbent CO2 loading, were investigated. The results indicate that the MEA and NH3 are released during the CO2 capture process, and the amount of release varies with many parameters. Under typical conditions, the emissions of MEA and NH3 were stabilized at 85.8 and 21.5 mg Nm−3, respectively. The emissions of MEA and NH3 increased steadily with the temperature of the flue gas and increasing absorbent solution. Higher liquid‐to‐gas ratio led to more MEA and NH3 emissions, and higher absorbent CO2 loading could inhibit the MEA and NH3 emissions. Calculation of the maximum reduction rate also showed that CO2 loading has the greatest impact on pollutant emissions, and optimizing it reduces pollutant emissions by at least 40%. CONCLUSION It was found that pollution emissions can be controlled by optimizing operating parameters, which can provide a reference for reducing pollutant emissions in the industry. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).","author":[{"family":"Yu","given":"Xiaowen"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Wenrui"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Hongmin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/jctb.7809","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.7809","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131855908","type":"article-journal","title":"RETRACTED: The Prognostic-Diagnostic paradox of lead aVR: From ’STEMI-Equivalent’ to ’High-Risk NOMI’ in the era of precision cardiology","abstract":"The electrocardiographic pattern of ST-segment elevation in lead aVR (STE-aVR) coupled with diffuse ST-segment depression is a finding of profound clinical gravity. Historically termed a \"STEMI equivalent\" suggestive of acute left main coronary artery occlusion, this designation has driven decades of aggressive reperfusion strategies. However, contemporary angiographic data reveals a stark \"Prognostic-Diagnostic Paradox\": while the pattern predicts high mortality and severe anatomical disease, it poorly predicts acute thrombotic occlusion. This monograph provides an exhaustive evaluation of the electrophysiological mechanisms, clinical evidence, and evolving guidelines surrounding lead aVR. Integrating landmark studies from 2013 to 2019 with novel 2025 concepts such as \"Northern OMI\" and the \"Precordial Swirl,\" we propose a modernized, physiology-based clinical algorithm. This framework reclassifies the pattern for hemodynamically stable patients from a trigger for immediate catheterization to a marker of high-risk Non-Occlusive Myocardial Infarction (NOMI), necessitating distinct management to avoid iatrogenic harm from mimics while ensuring timely intervention for true ischemia.","author":[{"family":"Deng","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Wenhua"},{"family":"Chu","given":"Qingmin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijcha.2026.101893","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcha.2026.101893","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414449773","type":"article-journal","title":"Transitioning Away from Fossil Fuels to Renewables: A Multifaceted Approach and Related Challenges","abstract":"This paper aims to provide an assessment of the current global outlook in the transition from fossil fuels to renewables. This subject is especially important, given the significant economic and environmental impacts associated with continued reliance on fossil fuels, the global commitments under the Paris Agreement to limit the temperature increase, and the growing demand for clean, sustainable energy sources to support sustainable growth. While global renewable capacity more than doubled in the last ten years, the share of renewable sources in total energy consumption remains stable at 17 percent, indicating the multidimensionality of the transition from fossil fuels to renewables. This increase in renewable energy capacity fell short of the stronger rise in global energy consumption, also highlighting the need for an assessment of the outlook. This study proposes a multifaceted approach for a smooth energy transition. The facets addressed in this paper are: technology, innovation and R&D, investment and financing, energy efficiency measures, domestic policy support, and international cooperation and collective effort. Additionally, the challenges related to each facet of transition are presented. Among the facets discussed, this paper proposes that renewable energy technologies and energy efficiency practices are at the heart of the transition, due to the potential synergies. Furthermore, there is a need for an integrated approach that considers technological, economic, and other aspects of the transition in a unified manner. Last but not least, international collective effort for low-carbon transition should not be overlooked.","author":[{"family":"Özkan","given":"Canan"},{"family":"Susanlı","given":"ZB"},{"family":"Okay","given":"Nesrin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18195068","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18195068","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408460061","type":"article-journal","title":"3D printed mullite monoliths with triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) architectures functionalized with HKUST-1 for CO2 capture","abstract":"Ceramic porous scaffolds functionalized with Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are promising systems for carbon capture, providing a valuable strategy to decrease CO 2 atmospheric concentration and mitigating the dramatic issues related to global warming. Thus, the present work focuses on the combination of a highly microporous CO 2 adsorbent HKUST-1 coating with porous and interconnected mullite (3Al 2 O 3 ⋅2SiO 2 ) substrates obtained by a combination of additive manufacturing and impregnation techniques, before a complete characterization of their CO 2 -sorption properties. Two triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) architectures, Schwartz Primitive and gyroid, were fabricated with high resolution and accuracy by Digital Light Processing, using two mullite powders, labelled Mc and Mf, presenting different compositions and particle size distribution . Mullite monoliths were functionalized with a continuous HKUST-1 (Cu 3 (BTC) 2 ) coating. The impact of the type of architecture on the amount of deposited HKUST-1 and the sorption capacity were monitored. MOFs mass intakes reached 4.2 and 3.9 wt% for Mc Schwartz primitive and gyroid respectively. The textural properties and CO 2 sorption capacity of the materials were studied by N 2 and CO 2 sorption at 77 K and 298 K respectively. CO 2 gas chromatography was performed at different temperatures (32 °C–80 °C) and gas flows (10–40 mL/min) using a filled column with the different materials. TPMS monoliths were compared to traditional adsorbent powder bed in terms of pressure drops, permeability, gas speed and retention time normalized by MOFs amount, highlighting the advantages of the shaping approaches with respect to powder beds. High permeabilities were reached (Darcy's coefficient k ≈ 10 x10 −13 m 2 for Mc Schwartz). Monoliths also promoted CO 2 /adsorbent contact time, lowering the gas speed below 1.5 cm/s, compared to 2–5 cm/s, in the case of powder bed. HKUST-1 functionalized TPMS monoliths drastically enhanced the CO 2 retention time normalized by MOFs amount, with values increased by a factor 6, from 7 s/g for the powder bed to 30 s/g and 20 s/g for gyroid and Schwartz primitive scaffolds respectively. This work represents a crucial step forward in the development of hierarchically porous and geometrically complex carbon capture and storage systems. Indeed, the current work goes beyond our previous studies by producing and comparing different TPMS designs and introducing for the first time gas chromatography to demonstrate the advantages of TPMS scaffolds in enhancing CO 2 adsorption efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Bertero","given":"Arianna"},{"family":"Coppola","given":"Bartolomeo"},{"family":"Schmitt","given":"Julien"},{"family":"Gimello","given":"Olinda"},{"family":"Trens","given":"Philippe"},{"family":"Palmero","given":"Paola"},{"family":"Tulliani","given":"Jean‐marc"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113601","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113601","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407838021","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancements in Metal–Organic Framework Materials for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction","abstract":"In recent years, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered significant attention as highly efficient catalysts for CO2 photoreduction, owing to their unique electronic configurations and exceptional CO2 adsorption properties. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in the design, synthesis, and application of MOF-based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction. Following a concise overview of the fundamental properties of MOF materials, the review focuses on pure MOFs, highlighting the structural and functional roles of metal clusters and organic ligands. Subsequently, it explores into MOF-based composites, analyzing their compositional design, CO2 uptake capabilities, and photocatalytic efficiency. This review concludes by discussing the current challenges, future opportunities, and potential research directions for MOF photocatalysts in the field of CO2 conversion, offering valuable insights to advance this rapidly progressing field.","author":[{"family":"Zheng","given":"Jilong"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Xueli"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Xiaojuan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xinyi"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Shanfa"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Maochang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/catal15030208","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15030208","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125683192","type":"article-journal","title":"Highly Thermally Stable and Miscible CO 2 -Based Block Copolymers by the Combination of Ring-Opening and RAFT Copolymerizations through Mediated Hydrogen Bonding Interactions","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide In this study, the chain end of a reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization agent of poly(cyclohexene carbonate) (PCHC) was synthesized via the ring-opening copolymerization of CO 2 and cyclohexene oxide (CHO) by using s-dodecyl-s’-(α,α′-dimethyl-α″-acetic acid) trithiocarbonate (DDMAT) as a chain transfer agent. Various block copolymers of poly(cyclohexene carbonate)- b -poly(styrene- alt-N -(hydroxyphenyl)maleimide) (PCHC- b -PSHPMI) were subsequently synthesized by the RAFT copolymerization of styrene and N -(hydroxyphenyl)maleimide (HPMI) in the presence of azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN), which were characterized by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). DSC thermal analyses indicated that the single T g values were observed for all PCHC- b -PSHPMI copolymers, indicating miscible behavior, and the T g value was 194 °C for the PCHC- b -PSHPMI78 copolymer. One- and two-dimensional (2D) FTIR spectroscopy revealed that these PCHC- b -PSHPMI copolymers actually provide relatively weak intermolecular O–H···O═C hydrogen bonding, which was attenuated by the self-association of hydrogen bonding within the pure PCHC and pure PSHPMI segments. In the solid-state 13 C NMR spectra, a pronounced chemical shift variation of the C–OH and C═O units of the PSHPMI segment and C═O units of the PCHC segment was also observed, which is attributable to the intermolecular hydrogen interactions in these PCHC- b -PSHPMI copolymers. Rotating-frame 1 H spin–lattice relaxation [ T 1ρ (H)] analyses also indicated the complete miscible behavior of these block copolymers within the 2–3 nm length scale, and the relaxation times exhibited positive deviations from the linear predicted rule. These results suggest that the loose chain structure was formed because of the weaker intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the PCHC and PSHPMI segments in the block copolymers.","author":[{"family":"Kuan","given":"Yen"},{"family":"Chiu","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Yun"},{"family":"Kuo","given":"Shiao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.macromol.5c03069","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c03069","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130543687","type":"article-journal","title":"Coronaviruses reprogram the tRNA epitranscriptome to favor viral protein expression","abstract":"Abstract Coronaviruses genomes are enriched in suboptimal A- and U-ending codons, which are typically associated with reduced translation efficiency due to limited cognate tRNA availability. How coronavirus efficiently express their proteins despite this limitation remains unclear. By analyzing their codon usage, we identify four tRNA modifications—inosine (I), queuosine (Q), 5-methylcarboxymethyluridine/ 5-methylcarboxymethyl-2-thiouridine (mcm 5 U/mcm 5 s 2 U), and 5-methylcytidine/ 5-formylcytidine (m 5 C/f 5 C)—as essential for decoding their suboptimal codons. Notably, SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 infections, representing severe and mild human infections, respectively, reprogram these modifications to favor viral protein synthesis. Mechanistically, this reprogramming was driven by altered expression of the corresponding tRNA modifying enzymes. Since both viruses induced DNA damage and oxidative stress—known to similarly alter Q, mcm 5 U/mcm 5 s 2 U, and m 5 C/f 5 C modifications to favor expression of stress response proteins—our findings support that coronavirus genomes have adapted to the tRNA modification landscape under stress conditions. Overall, coronaviruses orchestrate a codon-specific reprogramming of the host tRNA modification landscape, highlighting a conserved strategy that optimizes translation efficiency and represents a promising target for pan-coronavirus antiviral therapy development.","author":[{"family":"Muscolino","given":"Elena"},{"family":"Puig-Torrents","given":"Mireia"},{"family":"Bisquert","given":"Jaime"},{"family":"Mendonça","given":"Diogo"},{"family":"Talló-Parra","given":"Marc"},{"family":"Perez-Vilaro","given":"Gemma"},{"family":"Caño-Prades","given":"Omar"},{"family":"Meehan","given":"Gavin"},{"family":"Kerr","given":"Karen"},{"family":"Herder","given":"Vanessa"},{"family":"Chillón","given":"Miguel"},{"family":"Castelló","given":"Alfredo"},{"family":"Sanjuan","given":"Rafael"},{"family":"Patel","given":"Arvind"},{"family":"Díez","given":"Juana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-026-69700-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69700-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7130956236","type":"article-journal","title":"Quantitative Evaluation of Displacement Fields in a Tailings Dam Physical Model Under Elevated Pore Water Pressure Using Digital Image Processing","abstract":"The mining industry still faces major environmental and socioeconomic problems as a result of tailings dam failures, which highlights the urgent need for improved monitoring and early-warning systems. This research offers practical recommendations for improved monitoring and safer design practices, in addition to investigating the use of digital image processing (DIP) as a non-invasive technique for tracking slope deformation in tailings dam models subjected to incremental pore water pressure increases. To replicate real-world conditions as closely as possible, a scaled laboratory embankment was built using coarse and fine tailings. During controlled pore-pressure loading, more than 500 high-resolution photos were taken, recording the entire deformation sequence from initial displacement to slope failure. The images were processed using Mathematica to generate pixel-by-pixel displacement fields and vector plots, providing a detailed visualization of deformation mechanisms. The findings demonstrated that DIP accurately detects and measures surface displacement, revealing the mechanisms, direction, and intensity of deformation. This study illustrates the extensive potential of DIP for real-time monitoring by directly connecting slope instability triggered by incremental pore water pressure with visual indications of slope deformation. While the results confirm the strong potential of DIP for deformation monitoring with a minimum detectable displacement of approximately 1.0 mm under controlled laboratory conditions, its field application may be affected by scale effects, variable lighting, and environmental occlusion. The mining industry benefits greatly from the insights gained through in-depth image analysis, which promotes safer tailings dam design and management. Overall, DIP can provide a reliable, scalable foundation for real-time deformation monitoring in operational tailings dams, where continuous image-based measurements can help identify early signs of instability and support proactive risk management.","author":[{"family":"Armah","given":"Abraham"},{"family":"Razavi","given":"Mehrdad"},{"family":"Otoo","given":"Richard"},{"family":"Abankwa","given":"Benjamin"},{"family":"Donkor","given":"Sandra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/mining6010017","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mining6010017","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7201862129","type":"article-journal","title":"Analysis of the effects of heat-not-burn tobacco product use on cardiorespiratory symptoms in adults","abstract":"Aim: To determine if heat-not-burn (HNB) tobacco products are a safe alternative to cigarette smoking by inducing decreased decline of cardiorespiratory function. Methods: A clinical observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in the period between February and June 2025. It analysed and identified the effects of HNB tobacco products on cardiorespiratory symptoms in 60 adults below 55 years of age with confirmed arterial hypertension, 30 in the HNB users group (≥6 months of HNB use and no history of conventional cigarette use (CCU)), and 30 in the non-HNB user group (no history of HNB or CCU). Results: The gender distribution among the groups was similar. HNB tobacco product users reported significantly more respiratory (daily and nighttime shortness of breath, coughing) and cardiologic symptoms (choking, shortness of breath during physical activity). The following parameters were significantly reduced in the HNB tobacco product users: forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow at 75% (FEF75) (p = 0.01), SO₂ (p < 0.001), pO₂ (p = 0.001), HCO₃⁻ (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.001), and basophils (p < 0.001), while the following parameters were significantly increased in the same group: right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) (p = 0.002), hsCRP (p < 0.001), monocytes (p < 0.001), eosinophils (p < 0.001), D-dimer (p < 0.001), and platelet count (p = 0.003). Conclusion: HNB tobacco product use in adults with arterial hypertension was associated with worse cardiorespiratory symptoms, impaired pulmonary function, signs of early right ventricular dysfunction, and systemic inflammation.","author":[{"family":"Mujaković","given":"Aida"},{"family":"Hassan","given":"Mihana"},{"family":"Prnjavorac","given":"Besim"},{"family":"Mlačo","given":"Nejra"},{"family":"Mlaćo","given":"Akif"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.17392/medglas-2193-23-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.17392/medglas-2193-23-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165375785","type":"article-journal","title":"Development path of intelligent, safe, green coal mining and clean, efficient utilization technology","abstract":"Abstract Energy security is the cornerstone of national security and stable development. Coal is the safest, most economical, and most reliable energy source that China can utilize to achieve intelligent green development and clean, efficient energy use at this stage. The coupled development and utilization of coal and new energy are essential directions for China’s future energy development. The article systematically analyzes the remarkable achievements and challenges faced by China’s coal industry in various aspects, including digital transformation and intelligent construction, as well as the pursuit of safe, green, and efficient development, and the clean, low-carbon, and efficient utilization of coal resources. It proposes that the technology of intelligent mining systems should be gradually reformulated, and a technical system for autonomous decision-making, control, and intelligent operation and maintenance should be developed, thereby effectively enhancing the reliability and intelligence level of mining system operations. Focus on developing high-precision detection of multi-source collaborative geological information and multi-modal geological data 3D modeling technology, and enhance the level of advanced detection, prediction, and early warning of geological disaster information. By constructing a new generation of “cloud-edge-end” intelligent security monitoring system, precise perception of underground disaster information, fusion analysis of multiple disaster types, and advanced prediction, warning, and prevention can be realized. Conduct research on intelligent open-pit equipment and low-carbon/zero-carbon green mining systems for large-scale continuous open-pit mining technology, including data processing, control, and feedback system collaborative operation, to achieve large-scale, intelligent, and green development of open-pit coal mines. Promote the application of new technologies, processes, and equipment in coal washing systems, and enhance the intelligence level of key links in the washing process. Focus on implementing technologies such as in-situ coal pyrolysis coupled with renewable energy, low-cost and high-efficiency removal of coal-fired flue gas pollutants, and resource utilization of products, as well as the conversion of coal into high-end chemical products. Gradually expand the scenarios of coupled development and utilization of coal and new energy. Explore the construction of a unified national market intelligent control system for the coal industry, gradually realizing on-demand supply of coal resources, intelligent and flexible development, clean and high-quality transformation, and utilization, thereby forming an integrated, coordinated energy supply and consumption pattern of coal, electricity, and chemicals.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Guofa"},{"family":"Pang","given":"Yihui"},{"family":"Ding","given":"Hua"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Qinghua"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Zaibin"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Yunhong"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhongxin"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Jiaxing"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"YQ"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Lingyu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Dandan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40789-025-00854-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40789-025-00854-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408413011","type":"article-journal","title":"Resveratrol Alleviates Liver Fibrosis by Targeting Cross‐Talk Between TLR2/MyD88/ERK and NF‐κB/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathways in Macrophages","abstract":"Resveratrol alleviates liver fibrosis in mice by upregulating IL-10 to reprogram the macrophage phenotype; however, the mechanism remains to be elucidated. Building on our previous work, in this study, we aimed to determine the role of the TLR2/MyD88/ERK and NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathways in mediating the effects of resveratrol on liver fibrosis and macrophage polarization. We investigated the expression of cytokines in these inflammasome pathways in a mouse model of liver fibrosis and resveratrol-treated macrophages. The results showed that expression of TLR2, MyD88, ERK, and NF-κB1 in liver tissues was increased in the fourth week after treatment with resveratrol but decreased in the fifth week. Similar results were obtained for the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. The results also showed that cytokines in both the TLR2/MyD88/ERK and NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathways in macrophages were elevated after 24 h and reduced after 36 h of treatment with resveratrol. Immunofluorescence and nucleocytoplasmic separation assays showed that resveratrol inhibited the translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in macrophages, and increased NF-κB1 was associated with inhibition of the TLR2/MyD88/ERK pathway. Silencing NF-κB1 increased the expression of TLR2, MyD88, and ERK. In conclusion, the TLR2/MyD88/ERK and NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathways are involved in the effect of resveratrol on macrophage polarization and the subsequent modulation of liver fibrosis. NF-κB1 acts as the common cytokine that coordinates the crosstalk between the two pathways. Our findings highlight the potential of the members of these pathways as therapeutic targets toward the treatment of liver fibrosis.","author":[{"family":"Lei","given":"Jin‐qing"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Qiufei"},{"family":"Li","given":"Qingping"},{"family":"Qin","given":"Shanyu"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Haixing"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Bing"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Wei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/jbt.70208","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.70208","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406493348","type":"article-journal","title":"Therapeutic Errors Associated With Antithrombotic Medications Reported to United States Poison Centers","abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics and trends of therapeutic errors in non-healthcare facility settings associated with antithrombotic medications reported to United States Poison Centers by analyzing data from the National Poison Data System from 2000 to 2021. There were 57 288 reported therapeutic error-related exposures involving antithrombotic medications as the primary substance. The rate of therapeutic errors increased by 590.9% during this 22-year period. Although most (90.1%) therapeutic errors were clinically inconsequential and did not receive treatment at a healthcare facility, 2.3% were medically admitted, and 2.1% experienced a serious medical outcome, including 16 fatalities. Three-fourths (74.9%) of therapeutic errors were among > 59-year-olds, and females represented 58.0% of exposures. Warfarin was the most commonly involved antithrombotic medication (37.5%), followed by direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs, 28.7%) and clopidogrel (23.3%). Therapeutic errors involving warfarin were more likely to be associated with a medical admission (odds ratio [OR] = 2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.99-2.49) or a serious medical outcome (OR = 2.99; 95% CI: 2.65-3.37), and DOACs were less likely to be associated with a medical admission (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.46-0.61) or a serious medical outcome (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.38-0.53) than therapeutic errors involving other antithrombotic medications. The rate of therapeutic errors involving warfarin significantly increased by 187.0% during 2000-2011, followed by a 57.6% significant decrease during 2011-2021. The rate of therapeutic errors involving DOACs increased significantly by 1118.2% during 2011-2021. The scenario \"inadvertently took/given medication twice\" accounted for 56.3% of all therapeutic errors. Increased risk reduction efforts are needed to prevent antithrombotic-related therapeutic errors.","author":[{"family":"Cravo","given":"Emma"},{"family":"Hays","given":"Hannah"},{"family":"Badeti","given":"Jaahnavi"},{"family":"Spiller","given":"Henry"},{"family":"Rine","given":"Natalie"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Motao"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Gary"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ajh.27595","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.27595","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128160184","type":"article-journal","title":"Advances in monitoring technologies for CO₂ geological storage: A review from the laboratory to field-scale applications","abstract":"CO₂ geological storage is a pivotal technology for achieving the global targets of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. However, the potential risks of CO₂ leakage to environmental safety and long-term storage efficacy are significant, thereby making the establishment of robust and reliable monitoring systems indispensable. This review systematically explores the potential leakage pathways and key monitoring parameters, including wellbore integrity, CO₂ plume migration, and caprock stability. In addition, the mechanisms and influencing factors associated with the three primary CO₂ leakage pathways are systematically summarized. This approach provides a critical assessment of the advantages, applicability and limitations of prevalent geophysical and geochemical monitoring methods. A special focus is placed on optical fiber sensing technology, whose research progress and application feasibility in laboratory settings are summarized in terms of monitoring targets, measurement accuracy and sensing range. Furthermore, this review highlights several global carbon capture and storage demonstration projects to illustrate the integration and performance of various monitoring technologies in practical engineering. To ensure the efficiency and safety of CO₂ geological storage in the future, it is necessary to develop advanced monitoring technologies, such as optical fiber sensing and promoting the integrated deployment of multi-modal monitoring systems. These efforts are considered essential for supporting the large-scale deployment of carbon capture, utilization and storage engineering, particularly in the context of China. Document Type: Invited review Cited as: Wang, Y., Shi, M., Wei, N., Hassanpouryouzband, A., Jiang, L., Song, Y. Advances in monitoring technologies for CO₂ geological storage: A review from the laboratory to field-scale applications. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2026, 19(2): 146-165. https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2026.02.04","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Yuhang"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Menglan"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Ning"},{"family":"Hassanpouryouzband","given":"Aliakbar"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Lanlan"},{"family":"Song","given":"Yongchen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.46690/ager.2026.02.04","URL":"https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2026.02.04","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410138188","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing Building Envelope Performance: Green Facade Materials and Their Effects on Peak Heating Load and Carbon Emissions in Pakistan","abstract":"ABSTRACT The building industry is a major contributor to environmental damage, responsible for 36% of global energy use and 39% of emissions, as reported by the 2018 Global Report from the United Nations and the International Energy Agency. This study evaluates the impact of low‐carbon green facade materials on peak heating load (PHL) and operational carbon emissions (kg equiv. CO2) for a hospital in Murree, Pakistan. Eight wall materials, including lightweight and heavyweight concrete blocks, burnt clay bricks, and fly ash bricks, were analysed. Results show that W1 reduced PHL and CO 2 emissions by 56.5%. Five plaster materials and six insulation materials were also assessed. P1 plaster achieved a 41.68% reduction, while INS1 insulation reduced emissions by 18.09%. For roofs, five materials were studied, with R1 reducing emissions by 19.51%. Applying P1 and INS1 to roofs yielded reductions of 15.18% and 15.49%, respectively. These findings highlight material selection's critical role in reducing emissions.","author":[{"family":"Khan","given":"Fakhre"},{"family":"Azhar","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Aashan","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Ullah","given":"Zahid"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1049/tje2.70086","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1049/tje2.70086","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409700710","type":"article-journal","title":"Effect of Ultrasound Combined with Plasma-Activated Water on Lethal and Sublethal Injury Against Escherichia coli","abstract":"Plasma-activated water (PAW) treatment is a promising technique for food processing, but it causes sublethal injury (SI) to microorganisms. This study investigated the effect of ultrasound (US) combined with PAW (US-PAW) on SI of Escherichia coli (E. coli). Results showed that, after plasma activation for 10 min and treatment for 10 min, the US-PAW treatment caused a 4.89 ± 0.07 log CFU/mL reduction in E. coli. Meanwhile, under these conditions, the SI rate of E. coli was decreased to 13.3 ± 2.15%, significantly reduced by 52.74% compared to using PAW alone. The inactivation process of US-PAW treatment fitted the Weibull model better. The morphology of E. coli was destroyed by PAW and US-PAW treatment. Additionally, US-PAW treatment significantly increased the leakage of protein and nucleic acid, as well as cell membrane permeability and potential. Compared to PAW or US treatment, the proportion of membrane fatty acids and the structure of membrane proteins were altered in the US-PAW group. Furthermore, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased by US-PAW treatment, and the levels of GSH, SOD, and CAT enzyme activities were significantly reduced, compared to PAW or US treatment. The combined treatment also resulted in significant DNA oxidative damage. The disruption of cell membrane structure and oxidative damage caused by US-PAW treatment resulted in irreversible damage to bacteria, thus reducing the SI rate.","author":[{"family":"Wen","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Nie","given":"Meimei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhongyuan"},{"family":"Xiong","given":"Lingming"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Jiaxin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Dajing"},{"family":"Bao","given":"Yihong"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Haihong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/foods14091457","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14091457","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413290399","type":"article-journal","title":"The spectrum of person-centered care: from luxury to necessity: a descriptive qualitative study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Person-centered care (PCC) constitutes a fundamental element of holistic nursing practice, emphasizing patient engagement and comprehensive understanding beyond pathology. This study sought to investigate nurses’ perceptions of PCC within the Iranian healthcare system. Given the aging population in Iran, ongoing challenges in implementing PCC in clinical practice, and the limited qualitative research on this topic, understanding nurses’ perspectives is crucial for improving care delivery. METHODS: A descriptive qualitative content analysis study was employed, conducted in 2024 at public hospitals in northern Iran. Sixteen nurses from diverse clinical departments were recruited via purposive sampling. Data collection utilized semi-structured interviews, with subsequent analysis performed through conventional content analysis using MAXQDA 10 software, adhering to Graneheim and Lundman’s analytical framework. RESULTS: Analysis yielded one overarching theme, “Luxurious or Necessary,” comprising two categories: “Luxurious care” and “Enriched nursing care.” Eight subcategories emerged: being supportive, being heard, being compassionate, individualized care, care with competence, care with commitment, care with conscience, and care with respect. These were derived from 850 initial codes. CONCLUSION: Findings indicated a dichotomous perspective among nurses regarding PCC, with some considering it essential to quality care, while others perceived it as a superfluous formality. This divergence in viewpoints underscores the imperative for healthcare policymakers to formulate and implement strategies that enhance nurses’ comprehension and application of PCC principles, thereby fostering improved community health outcomes. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.","author":[{"family":"Mousazadeh","given":"Noushin"},{"family":"Babaieasl","given":"Faezeh"},{"family":"Bagherian","given":"Samaneh"},{"family":"Mivehchi","given":"Sogand"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12912-025-03737-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03737-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407357503","type":"article-journal","title":"C-reactive protein-induced injury in Mycoplasma pneumoniae -infected lung epithelial cells is mediated by the P38 MAPK/mitochondrial apoptosis pathway","abstract":"pneumonia (MPP) and A549 lung epithelial cells infected with MP. A549 cells were genetically modified to overexpress CRP. Effects on cell viability, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were evaluated. The expression of proteins implicated in the p38 MAPK/mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was analyzed. The protective effects of the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 and the mitochondrial protector cyclosporin A (CsA) were assessed. CRP levels were elevated in both MPP patients and MP-infected A549 cells compared to controls. Increased apoptosis and reduced cell viability were observed in MP-infected cells. CRP overexpression led to upregulation of proteins in the p38 MAPK/mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, increased cytoplasmic Cyt C, decreased Tom 20 and ΔΨm, and elevated ROS. Pretreatment with SB203580 or posttreatment with CsA reduced apoptosis and mitochondrial damage and enhanced cell survival. Increased CRP levels during MP infection promote lung epithelial cell death by activating the p38 MAPK/mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Targeting this pathway could offer therapeutic potential to reduce lung damage in MPP patients.IMPORTANCEThis study provides critical information in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms for MP infections concerning CRP in mediating lung epithelial cell injury. This study outlines the significant increase in MP-infected patients and shows its direct involvement in cell apoptosis through the p38 MAPK/mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. By explaining this pathway, the possibility of targeting CRP and its connected signaling mechanisms to devise therapeutic interventions for the amelioration of lung damage in MP-infected patients is brought to light. The implications of such data are not merely in the added knowledge for disease pathobiology but also it brings new promise for novel intervention strategies to result in improved clinical outcomes. The elucidation of specific molecular targets inside the apoptosis pathway heralds a new area regarding the direction of future research and clinical application for humanity in general and concerning the broader relevance and impact of this study on respiratory diseases.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Lianjia"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Zhao"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Yalin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1128/spectrum.01626-24","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01626-24","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415808205","type":"article-journal","title":"Academic Progress and Trend Analysis of Technological Innovation Management in the Context of Sustainable Development","abstract":"This paper comprehensively reviews the academic research progress in technology innovation management under the background of sustainable development, analyzes current global research hotspots and major achievements, and understands future research trends. Through bibliometrics and content analysis, it reveals that green technology innovation, digital empowerment mechanisms, and policy-coordinated governance have become research focuses. The study emphasizes that interdisciplinary integration and practice-oriented approaches are the core pathways to promoting the sustainable development of technology innovation management.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ji"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Depeng"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Yongxiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.65231/ijmr.v1i1.34","URL":"https://doi.org/10.65231/ijmr.v1i1.34","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409706212","type":"article-journal","title":"Microbiological Risks to Health Associated with the Release of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and β-Lactam Antibiotics Through Hospital Wastewater","abstract":"Hospital wastewater (HWW) is a major source of microbiological contamination, often released into the municipal sewage system without prior treatment. This HWW may contain pathogens with antimicrobial resistance, posing risks to public health. The aim of this work was to assess the risks associated with the seasonal release of ESKAPE bacteria resistant to β-lactam antibiotics and the release of carbapenems and cephalosporins through HWW of Hospital Juárez de México. The 12-month seasonal variation in β-lactam-resistant bacterial populations was assessed in the HWW of five discharge points. Resistant isolates were identified by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) coupled with PCR assays to search for antimicrobial resistance genes, while β-lactamic antibiotics were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Finally, a double-entry Vester matrix was constructed to classify the problems of HWW according to their degree of causality. Seasonal differences in bacterial loads were observed, with higher levels in warmer months. A wide variety of resistant pathogens were identified, including ESKAPE bacteria, as well as emerging bacteria carrying β-lactamase-encoding genes. The release of meropenem was detected most commonly, followed by cefepime and ceftazidime. The Vester matrix allowed the identification of critical clinical and environmental scenarios where two discharge points contribute significantly to the spread of microbiological contamination. This study highlights the importance of proper management of HWW and the need for stricter regulations to reduce the risks associated with the release of resistant pathogens with health impacts.","author":[{"family":"Nolasco-Rojas","given":"Andrés"},{"family":"Cruz-Del-Agua","given":"Eder"},{"family":"Cruz-Cruz","given":"Clemente"},{"family":"Loyola-Cruz","given":"Miguel"},{"family":"Ayilgutiérrez","given":"Benjamín"},{"family":"Tamayoordoñez","given":"María"},{"family":"Tamayo-Ordóñez","given":"Yahaíra"},{"family":"Rojasbernabé","given":"Araceli"},{"family":"Tamayoordóñez","given":"Francisco"},{"family":"Durán-Manuel","given":"Emilio"},{"family":"Paredes-Mendoza","given":"Marianela"},{"family":"Márquez-Valdelamar","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Jiménezzamarripa","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Ocharan-Hernández","given":"María"},{"family":"Zárate-Segura","given":"Paola"},{"family":"García-Hernández","given":"Omar"},{"family":"Sosa-Hernández","given":"Óscar"},{"family":"Vásquez-Jiménez","given":"Enzo"},{"family":"Calzadamendoza","given":"Claudia"},{"family":"Bellolópez","given":"Juan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pathogens14050402","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14050402","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7116917016","type":"article-journal","title":"How Digital Mythological Narratives in Video Games Enhance Audiences’ Destination Perceptions and Travel Intentions: Evidence from YouTube Comments on Black Myth: Wukong","abstract":"The cross-fertilization of video games and tourism has expanded in recent years, with digital narratives increasingly shaping real-world travel behavior, yet the mechanisms linking mythological video games to pre-trip travel intention remain underexplored. Using the Chinese mythological game Black Myth: Wukong as a case, this study examines how digital myth narratives relate to overseas audiences’ perceptions of, and travel intentions towards, Chinese tourist destinations in a cross-cultural context. Based on a large corpus of YouTube comments, we integrate topic modeling, sentiment analysis, and interpretable machine learning to identify semantic cues associated with travel intention. The results indicate that multidimensional perceptions elicited by digital myth narratives are associated with a gradual evolution of destination image from cognitive to affective and then intentional. Cultural symbol perception, cross-cultural understanding, aesthetic appreciation, and emotional resonance show positive relationships with travel intention and appear as important predictors in the model. SHAP analysis further suggests a nonlinear threshold effect, whereby the probability that a comment is classified as expressing travel intention increases when overall perception reaches a relatively high level. Embedding the cognition–emotion–intention path within a digital game context, this study provides empirical evidence on destination image and behavioral intention in digital narrative settings and offers implications for cross-cultural communication and sustainable tourism planning.","author":[{"family":"Xiao","given":"Yanping"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Ruomei"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Zixi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xince"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18010160","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010160","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412077447","type":"article-journal","title":"The Energy Conversion and Utilization of Scientific Problems for Achieving “Dual Carbon” Goal","abstract":"Developing a “clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient” modern energy system is a major national demand to promote the realization of the “dual carbon” goal. This paper， based on the 358th “Shuangqing Forum”, summarizes the challenges and difficulties faced by energy green low-carbon transition research and industrial development. It reviews the main progress and achievements made in recent years in the fields of energy low-carbon and efficient transformation， green hydrogen electricity and long-term energy storage, and end-use energy efficiency improvement and emission reduction. In addition， it summarizes the major key scientific issues in the field for the next 5~10 years. And the research direction and funding strategy of science fund are discussed.","author":[{"family":"Jin","given":"HB"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Liejin"},{"family":"Xuan","given":"Yimin"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Peixue"},{"family":"Guan","given":"Yonggang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3724/bnsfc-2025.02.02.0002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3724/bnsfc-2025.02.02.0002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410502545","type":"article-journal","title":"Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Spatial Spillover Effects of Carbon Emissions in China’s Livestock Economic System","abstract":"This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics, regional disparities, and spatial spillover effects of carbon emissions in China’s livestock sector from 2003 to 2022. By integrating carbon accounting, decoupling elasticity analysis, kernel density estimation, Theil index decomposition, and the Spatial Durbin Model, the research revealed a 6.5% reduction in national livestock carbon emissions alongside intensified spatial polarization. The decoupling relationship evolved dynamically, with strong decoupling dominating but regional fluctuations persisting, particularly in resource-dependent areas. The distribution of emission intensity shifted from unimodal right-skewness to bimodal concentration, indicating technological diffusion barriers and structural divergence across regions. Spatial econometric analysis confirmed significant emission interdependence (ρ = 0.214, p < 0.01), where neighboring economic growth increased local emission intensity. These findings highlighted the limitations of uniform policy approaches and emphasized the need for region-specific governance, market-based incentives, and localized technological innovation. The study provided empirical evidence and a policy framework to address cross-regional coordination and sustainable low-carbon transitions in agriculture.","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Lingling"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Hongcheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17104611","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104611","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415023229","type":"article-journal","title":"Harnessing Environmental DNA to Explore Frugivorous Interactions: A Case Study in Papaya ( Carica papaya ) and Pineapple ( Ananas comosus )","abstract":"ABSTRACT Plant–animal interactions (PAIs) are critical in natural and agricultural ecosystems, mediating energy flow with both positive and negative interactions. Traditional methods of tracking PAIs, such as morphological identification and camera trapping, are limited in speed and scalability, posing challenges for comprehensive biodiversity monitoring. Recently, environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has emerged as a promising technique for detecting species interactions non‐destructively. This pilot study explores the application of eDNA metabarcoding to investigate frugivorous interactions involving 18 partially consumed and three intact fruits of each Carica papaya and Ananas comosus . Metabarcoding of mitochondrial COI gene fragments generated 796,234 paired‐end reads representing 117 ASVs spanning diverse taxonomic groups, including Metazoans, Protozoans, Algae, Fungi, and Bacteria. After filtering for animal taxa, 41 ASVs were retained, dominated by Arthropoda (~97%). Major frugivores included Drosophila , Zaprionus , and Bactrocera species. Additional detections included beetles, ants, parasitoid wasps, and vertebrates such as Acridotheres javanicus , Callosciurus erythraeus , and Bandicota indica . Moreover, consumed fruits showed high insect (~90%–95%) and mammal (~4%–5%) DNA, while intact fruits were dominated by rotifers (~75%–80%). Distinct communities were found between pineapple and papaya, with 15 and 11 unique ASVs, respectively, and only one ASV was unique to intact fruits. Alpha and beta diversity analyses confirmed the differences in community structure between fruit types. Despite the limited sample size, our findings demonstrate the potential of fruit‐surface eDNA to monitor frugivory and species interactions. Future studies should scale this approach across seasons and crop types to assess its potential in long‐term biodiversity and pest management monitoring.","author":[{"family":"Banerjee","given":"Pritam"},{"family":"Maity","given":"Jyoti"},{"family":"Chatterjee","given":"Nalonda"},{"family":"Weber","given":"Sven"},{"family":"Dey","given":"Gobinda"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Raju"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Chien‐yen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/edn3.70196","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.70196","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411353950","type":"article-journal","title":"Research on Different Energy Transition Pathway Analysis and Low-Carbon Electricity Development: A Case Study of an Energy System in Inner Mongolia","abstract":"To achieve carbon neutrality targets in the power sector, regions with rich coal and renewable energy resources are facing unprecedented pressure. This paper explores the decarbonization pathway in the power sector in Inner Mongolia, China, under different energy transition scenarios based on the Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) model. This includes renewable energy expansion, carbon capture and storage (CCS) applications, demand response, and economic regulation scenarios. Subsequently, a combination of the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) and Slack-Based Measure Data Envelopment Analysis (SBM-DEA) model was developed to investigate the influencing factors and power generation efficiency in low-carbon electricity. The results revealed that this region emphasizes first developing renewable energy and improving the carbon and green electricity market and then accelerating CCS technology. Its carbon emissions are among the lowest, at about 77.29 million tons, but the cost could reach CNY 229.8 billion in 2060. We also found that the influencing factors of carbon productivity, low-carbon electricity structures, and carbon emissions significantly affected low-carbon electricity generation; their cumulative contribution rate is 367–588%, 155–399%, and −189–−737%, respectively. Regarding low-carbon electricity efficiency, the demand response scenario is the lowest at about 0.71; other scenarios show similar efficiency values. This value could be improved by optimizing the energy consumption structure and the installed capacity configuration.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Boyi"},{"family":"Cong","given":"Richao"},{"family":"Matsumoto","given":"Toru"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yue"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18123129","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18123129","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406842537","type":"article-journal","title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of Metal‐Based Catalysts for Efficient Hydrogen Production","abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigates global research trends on the catalytic performance of metal‐based catalysts for enhanced hydrogen production over the past 89 years (1935–2024) through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. The research addresses the evolution of metal‐based catalysts in hydrogen production and highlights the most prominent contributors and driving trends. The study analyzed 32,987 peer‐reviewed studies identified through Scopus database. The search was conducted from September 1, 1935, to July 20, 2024, utilizing keywords such as “(TITLE‐ABS‐KEY ((“Ru” OR “Ni” OR “Fe” OR “Co” OR “Mo” OR “Pt” OR “Pd” OR “Cr” OR “metal catalysts*”) AND (“hydrogen production*” OR “H 2 production*” OR “hydrogen generation*” OR “H 2 generation*”))).” The analysis covered various aspects, such as countries, authors’ affiliations, prominent journals, research areas, and key terms driving discussions in the field. It also noted that researchers with fewer publications may have been overlooked. Bibliometric parameters, including publication counts, citations, total link strength (TLS), and collaboration networks, were examined. Results indicate a steady rise in publications, with significant growth observed from 2000 onwards. The most recent period (2019–2024) alone accounted for 55.6% of the total publications, with a notable 26.5% growth from 2021 to 2022. China leads in both publication volume and TLS, followed by the United States and the United Kingdom. The International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ( IJHE ) emerged as the top journal with 4653 relevant articles. The analysis reveals a shift in focus from early studies on iron and platinum to a more recent emphasis on nickel‐based catalysts and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). These findings highlight several challenges, including the need to improve catalyst efficiency, address scalability issues, and develop more sustainable catalytic materials. Future research should focus on advancing catalyst design, optimizing reaction conditions, and enhancing catalytic stability for large‐scale hydrogen production.","author":[{"family":"Saeid","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Abdulkadir","given":"Bashir"},{"family":"Ismail","given":"M"},{"family":"Setiabudi","given":"Herma"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/tqem.70046","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.70046","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415214581","type":"article-journal","title":"Scientific advances and future trends in ocean carbon sink: an interdisciplinary review","abstract":"Ocean carbon sink is an emerging and interdisciplinary research area that plays a vital role in the global carbon cycle. This paper reviews recent scientific advancements in ocean carbon sink research, focusing on the mechanisms for capturing, utilizing, and sequestering atmospheric CO2, and highlights its contribution to climate change mitigation and adaptation. Using bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace and data from the Web of Science and Scopus, we examine research hotspots and topic evolution through country collaboration, journal co-citation, and keyword co-occurrence networks. The findings show that ocean carbon sink research is shaped by complex scientific uncertainties and the integration of multiple disciplines. Current research hotspots include scientific advances, technological innovation, and governance challenges related to sustainable development. In general, recent studies emphasize the role of carbon sink, the value of nature, and the importance of precautionary management. This paper underlines the need for coordination between scientific and social dimensions of carbon sink functions, and it draws attention to the ethical aspects of carbon sink governance. It advocates for multi-stakeholder participation, precautionary governance, and policy-based financial system to support climate resilience and foster the sustainable development of the oceans.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Deng","given":"Yuncheng"},{"family":"Epa","given":"UPK"},{"family":"Belle","given":"Branson"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Bibhya"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Haiwen"},{"family":"Sa","given":"Haoxuan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1658207","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1658207","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410721959","type":"article-journal","title":"Analysis of Carbon Emission Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Cement Industry in Hebei Province","abstract":"As a crucial provider of building materials, the cement industry occupies a central position in developing Hebei Province’s construction sector while presenting considerable challenges to achieving regional carbon neutrality targets. This paper establishes a carbon emission accounting model for cement production, quantifies the carbon emission trajectory of Hebei’s cement industry from 2005 to 2023, applies the STIRPAT (Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology) model to analyze the influencing factors of carbon emissions, and predicts future emissions from 2024 to 2035 using scenario analysis methods. The results indicate that the overall carbon emissions from the cement industry in Hebei Province exhibited fluctuating trends between 2005 and 2023, primarily driven by carbonate decomposition and fossil fuel combustion during the clinker calcination stage. Population size, GDP per capita, urbanization rate, industrial structure, energy consumption structure, cement consumption structure, and cement production were identified as positive contributors to carbon emissions. In contrast, energy intensity was found to have a mitigating effect. The prediction results show that the industry reached its carbon emissions peak at 70.29 million tCO2e in 2020. Under the enhanced low-carbon scenario, emissions are expected to decline by 20.9% relative to the baseline scenario, reaching 34.95 million tCO2e by 2035. Deep emission reductions should be achieved through technological upgrading and policy guidance to support the low-carbon transformation of Hebei’s cement industry and promote sustainable urbanization.","author":[{"family":"Zheng","given":"Wen"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Weihua"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Liying"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ruyan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15111808","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15111808","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7140228158","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrated theory and technology for carbon sequestration and resource utilization via flue gas injection into coal mine goafs","abstract":"Abstract Coal is crucial to China’s economic and social development. The two primary factors hindering the high-quality development of China’s coal industry are safety and emissions. Methane and coal spontaneous combustion have long posed major safety risks. Competitive adsorption experiments with coal and rock samples exposed to single-component and multi-component flue gases revealed that a mixture of N 2 , CO 2 , SO 2 , and NO X is optimal for oxygen isolation, fire prevention, and gas displacement. Thermodynamic studies further identified the ideal fire prevention formula as 79% N 2 , 8%–20% CO 2 , 0.0006%–0.001% SO 2 , and 0.001%–0.0018% NO X . Molecular simulations and quantum chemical analyses showed that coal and rock exhibit stronger interactions with CO 2 than with N 2 , CH₄, or O 2 , enabling CO 2 to preferentially occupy adsorption sites and displace O 2 and CH₄. These findings explain the mechanisms behind oxygen isolation, fire prevention, and gas displacement and highlight the strong affinity of coal’s functional groups for CO 2 , which contributes to carbon sequestration. Adsorption experiments on over 280 coal and 130 rock samples from 11 provinces found that each ton of coal can sequester 7–11 kg of CO 2 , while each ton of mudstone adsorbs 6–8 kg. Coal-rock in goaf areas exhibits even greater sequestration capacity. Three key technological breakthroughs were made: (1) flue gas injection technology for fire prevention and gas displacement, (2) high-reliability multi-phase flue gas transport technology, and (3) a safety assurance and intelligent control system for gas injection. In 2023, these technologies were successfully applied in a National Energy Group project, reducing CO 2 concentration from 10% to 18% to below 0.01% in return air, achieving an annual sequestration capacity of 12,800 tons of CO 2 per unit.","author":[{"family":"Deng","given":"Wenhao"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Sichen"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xuefeng"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Chaoyu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yansheng"},{"family":"He","given":"Wenhao"},{"family":"Jin","given":"Zhixin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40789-025-00857-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40789-025-00857-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7119110414","type":"article-journal","title":"Environmental management practices in the oil and gas industry moving beyond conventional perceptions of harm","abstract":"Oil and gas operations pose environmental challenges in air, water, soil, and biodiversity. Pollution from these operations contributes to respiratory diseases, climate change, and soil contamination. Pollutants from oil and gas industries including but not limited to spills from ships/tankers, particulate matter and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as benzene and toluene threaten biodiversity, food security, and public health, highlighting the need for sustainable practices and effective regulatory frameworks to mitigate their impacts. The oil and gas industry faces environmental challenges and opportunities, but this research aims to explore its performance through a comprehensive assessment framework. It will examine pollution prevention, resource efficiency, climate change mitigation, and social responsibility. The study will analyze industry standards, regulatory frameworks, and case studies to identify best practices and innovative approaches for a sustainable future. The oil and gas industry can reduce its carbon footprint by adopting sustainable practices, such as carbon capture and storage technologies, transitioning to cleaner fuels, advanced waste management, digital technologies, biodiversity conservation, cross-sector partnerships with renewable energy firms, government support, investment in research and development, and circular economy models. The industry can also evolve towards lower-impact and renewable-integrated models, decarbonizing operations, diversifying into renewable energy, developing hybrid energy systems, and transitioning to green hydrogen. This study analyzes industry standards, regulatory frameworks, and case studies to identify best practices and innovative approaches driving environmental change. It aims to inform policymakers, stakeholders, and the public about the complex nature of environmental management in the oil and gas sector. Graphical Abstract","author":[{"family":"Etim","given":"EE"},{"family":"Samuel","given":"Humphrey"},{"family":"Undie","given":"David"},{"family":"Akinpelu","given":"Oluwakemi"},{"family":"Ibekwe","given":"Francis"},{"family":"Onotu","given":"Onimisi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44274-025-00505-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44274-025-00505-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411571741","type":"article-journal","title":"Intravenous Medication Administration Errors in Hospitalised Patients: An Updated Systematic Review","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Administering intravenous (IV) drugs carries a high risk of adverse effects due to their direct entry into circulation. Identifying the prevalence and types of IV administration errors and the drugs involved is crucial for implementing effective interventions to reduce such errors. AIM: This systematic review aimed to examine and synthesise the available articles on medication errors involving IV administration in hospitalised patients. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Ovid Medline, and CINAHL. The search was performed without time limitation up to July 2023. However, only articles published in English and human subjects were included. The quality of the studies was appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS). This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023469352). RESULT: Database searches yielded 2177 articles; after duplicate removal, 1717 underwent title and abstract screening, and 23 were included after full-text review. The studies were from 12 countries, and the multicentre study included countries from Europe, Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Australia. The majority of the studies were conducted in either teaching hospitals (n = 11) or university-affiliated hospitals (n = 7), with most involving direct observation (n = 21). IV administration errors exhibit a broad prevalence range of 5.0%-62.9%, involving various types such as wrong diluent, dose, route, rate, technique, omission, and timing. Studies lack uniformity in reporting, with some not specifying prevalence. The highest prevalence of specific errors varies across settings. CONCLUSION: Our review highlights that IV medication error rates vary based on study design, setting, and population. Standardised definitions, reporting procedures, and reliable tracking methods are needed. Human factors, system issues, and environmental stressors influence medication errors. Future research must improve our understanding and address these factors to enhance patient safety and healthcare quality.","author":[{"family":"Rajakumar","given":"Sutha"},{"family":"Rajah","given":"Retha"},{"family":"Thanimalai","given":"Subramaniam"},{"family":"Mokhtar","given":"Fadzlin"},{"family":"Ramachandram","given":"Dinesh"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/jep.70167","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.70167","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412121527","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable Biomass‐Derived Single‐Atom Catalysts for Fenton‐Like Catalysis","abstract":"Abstract Single‐atom catalysis has generated significant interest in catalysis, particularly for environmental remediation. Pursuing desired single atom catalysts (SACs) for practical application hinges on the simplicity of synthesis methods, the choice of precursor materials, cost‐effectiveness, and catalytic performance. Consequently, natural resources like biomass have been harnessed to prepare SACs, driving continuous efforts to establish controlled and scalable synthesis techniques. This comprehensive review encompasses a broad exploration of diverse synthesis methods employed for crafting SACs derived from biomass, intended for environmental catalysis by Fenton‐like reactions, employing peroxymonosulphate (PMS), peroxydisulphate (PDS), or hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) as the oxidants. It highlights how these innovations can stimulate advancements in catalyst design, shaping the landscape of sustainable and efficient micropollutant remediation. In addition, the review summarizes the links between single‐atom sites on biomass‐derived SACs and catalytic mechanisms, imparting insights into the origins of catalytic activity. Finally, this review proposes the prevailing challenges and prospects in this field. It is anticipated that this review would inform the development of biomass‐derived SACs and their application in environmental remediation by guiding the selection of synthesis methods and addressing the key areas for improvement highlighted in future research.","author":[{"family":"Ncube","given":"Selusiwe"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Zhihao"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Jingkai"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Huayang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Shaobin"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Wenjie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smll.202504746","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504746","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406680428","type":"article-journal","title":"Phylogenetic and Codon Usage Bias Analysis Based on mt-DNA of Cyphochilus crataceus (Coleoptera: Melolonthinae) and Its Neighboring Species","abstract":"Background/Objectives: In order to determine the basic structural characteristics of the mitochondrial genome of Cyphochilus crataceus and explore its phylogenetic status, as well as to understand the codon usage bias of Melolonthinae species, the next-generation sequencing was used to obtain the mitochondrial genome sequence of C. crataceus. Methods: Combined with 121 sequences of Scarabaeidae downloaded from GeneBank, a phylogenetic tree of the family was constructed using PhyloSuite v 1.2.3 software. Additionally, the codon composition and codon usage bias of the mitochondrial protein-coding genes of C. crataceus and 16 other Melolonthinae species were analyzed. Results: The results showed that the mitochondrial genome sequence of C. crataceus was 17,946 bp in length, with an A + T content of 71.82%, exhibiting a significant AT bias and a preference for ending with the base A/U, showed typical features of Scarabaeidae mitogenomes. The analysis of RSCU, ENC-plot, and neutrality plot revealed that factors such as nucleotide composition, gene mutations, and natural selection can have an impact on codon usage bias, but the intensity varies. For C. crataceus, codon usage preference is primarily influenced by gene mutations. The phylogenetic tree results indicated that, apart from Melolonthinae, all other subfamilies within Scarabaeidae were monophyletic. Conclusions: This study not only enriches the mitochondrial genome information of scarab beetles in the subfamily Melolonthinae but also provides important foundational information for molecular systematics, population genetics, and molecular ecology research in the family Scarabaeidae.","author":[{"family":"Zhan","given":"Haofeng"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Quan"},{"family":"Xiaofei","given":"Yang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/genes16020111","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16020111","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7117690492","type":"article-journal","title":"Review of CO2 reduction methods and future prospects in carbon dioxide mitigation","abstract":"Abstract Since anthropogenic CO₂ emissions are a major global concern, it is imperative to develop cutting-edge technology for capturing and converting carbon into fuels and chemicals with added value. A key component of circular carbon plans is the advanced conversion of CO₂ into fuels and chemicals with additional value. By combining mechanistic principles, catalyst materials, quantitative performance metrics (current density, Faradaic/thermodynamic efficiencies, TOF/TON), stability and degradation modes, reactor engineering, techno-economic considerations, and life-cycle impacts, this review compares electrochemical and chemical (hydrogenation/thermocatalytic) CO₂ reduction pathways. We identify key gaps for scale-up, including catalyst durability, green hydrogen supply, energy penalties, and standardized testing. We also compile laboratory-to-pilot performance (C₁ vs. C₂⁺ selectivity) and highlight hybrid methods (photo-, electro, and capture-integrated systems). In order to speed up industrial deployment, we conclude by suggesting a roadmap for research goals and pilot demonstrations.","author":[{"family":"Kashmiri","given":"Sataish"},{"family":"Hassan","given":"Asma"},{"family":"Wasim","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Tahir","given":"MW"},{"family":"Rehman","given":"Muneeb"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44371-025-00445-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-025-00445-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406727931","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbonation under Varying Humidity Conditions: A 3D Micro-Scale Kinetic Monte Carlo Approach","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide This paper investigates the impact of varying humidity conditions on the carbonation depth in hardened cement paste using a 3-dimensional microscale kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) approach. The kMC algorithm effectively simulates the carbonation process by capturing the interplay between CO 2 diffusion and relative humidity at the microscale, providing insights into macro trends that align with historical models. The study reveals that the maximum carbonation depth is achieved at relative humidity levels between 55 and 65%, where the balance between water and CO 2 diffusion is optimized. At lower relative humidity levels (<55%), a lower carbonation depth is observed. Conversely, at higher relative humidity levels (>65%), increased water content impedes CO 2 diffusion, resulting in reduced carbonation depth for cement paste. The kMC model demonstrates a parabolic relationship between relative humidity and carbonation depth. Time series analysis shows that Fick’s law is consistently followed, with carbonation depth following the relationship x = k√t at constant relative humidity. The kMC also breaks down the event cycle which shows that after an equilibrium (in terms of rate of events) is achieved between CO 2 and H 2 O at a relative humidity of 75%, a shift occurs in the dominance from reactive to transport processes at a relative humidity of 85%. These findings highlight the importance of humidity in influencing carbonation rates on the one hand and demonstrate the effectiveness of the kMC approach in simulating these complex interactions at the microscale on the other hand.","author":[{"family":"Mahmood","given":"Ammar"},{"family":"Dehn","given":"Frank"},{"family":"Thissen","given":"Peter"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c03811","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c03811","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412102323","type":"article-journal","title":"Identification of suitable conventional cooling methods for direct aqueous carbonation of blast furnace slags and their mechanism","abstract":"Abstract The iron and steel industries generate large amounts of unavoidable CO2 emissions as well as considerable quantities of slags. More than one-half of the emitted CO2 is produced in blast furnaces during ironmaking, and thus it is meaningful to use blast furnace slags to capture CO2 while addressing the byproducts and flue gas of ironmaking. Mineral carbonation of slags is a promising route to achieve carbon neutrality and effective slag utilization. To exploit slag more effectively and capture CO2 in flue gas, an in-depth investigation into the carbonation of blast furnace slags generated with different cooling methods was conducted. The effects of the solid–liquid ratio and introduced CO2 concentration on carbonation were determined. The CO2 uptake capacity of air-cooled slag (0.04 g/g) was greater than that of water-quenched slag. The CO2 uptake capacities of the two slags were comparable with those of slags in previous works, indicating the potential of the two slags for CO2 sequestration and utilization even with low-energy input and this fact suggests that this process is feasible.","author":[{"family":"Ho","given":"Hsing‐jung"},{"family":"Iizuka","given":"Atsushi"},{"family":"Kubo","given":"Hironari"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s12613-024-3054-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-024-3054-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409152862","type":"article-journal","title":"Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Revisited: Advancements, Challenges, and Two-Phase Transport Insights in Materials and Modelling","abstract":"The transition to clean energy has accelerated the pursuit of hydrogen as a sustainable fuel. Among various production methods, proton exchange membrane electrolysis cells (PEMECs) stand out due to their ability to generate ultra-pure hydrogen with efficiencies exceeding 80% and current densities reaching 2 A/cm2. Their compact design and rapid response to dynamic energy inputs make them ideal for integration with renewable energy sources. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of PEMEC technology, covering key internal components, system configurations, and efficiency improvements. The role of catalyst optimization, membrane advancements, and electrode architectures in enhancing performance is critically analyzed. Additionally, we examine state-of-the-art numerical modelling, comparing zero-dimensional to three-dimensional simulations and single-phase to two-phase flow dynamics. The impact of oxygen evolution and bubble dynamics on mass transport and performance is highlighted. Recent studies indicate that optimized electrode architectures can enhance mass transport efficiency by up to 20%, significantly improving PEMEC operation. Advancements in two-phase flow simulations are crucial for capturing multiphase transport effects, such as phase separation, electrolyte transport, and membrane hydration. However, challenges persist, including high catalyst costs, durability concerns, and scalable system designs. To address these, this review explores non-precious metal catalysts, nanostructured membranes, and machine-learning-assisted simulations, which have demonstrated cost reductions of up to 50% while maintaining electrochemical performance. Future research should integrate experimental validation with computational modelling to improve predictive accuracy and real-world performance. Addressing system control strategies for stable PEMEC operation under variable renewable energy conditions is essential for large-scale deployment. This review serves as a roadmap for future research, guiding the development of more efficient, durable, and economically viable PEM electrolyzers for green hydrogen production.","author":[{"family":"Bayat","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Das","given":"Prodip"},{"family":"Saha","given":"Goutam"},{"family":"Saha","given":"Suvash"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/eng6040072","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/eng6040072","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414805000","type":"article-journal","title":"In Situ Raman Spectroscopy Reveals Structural Evolution and Key Intermediates on Cu-Based Catalysts for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction","abstract":"Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a key technology for achieving carbon neutrality and efficient utilization of renewable energy, capable of converting CO2 into high-value-added carbon-based fuels and chemicals. Copper (Cu)-based catalysts have attracted significant attention due to their unique performance in generating multi-carbon (C2+) products such as ethylene and ethanol; however, there are still many controversies regarding their complex reaction mechanisms, active sites, and the dynamic evolution of intermediates. In situ Raman spectroscopy, with its high surface sensitivity, applicability in aqueous environments, and precise detection of molecular vibration modes, has become a powerful tool for studying the structural evolution of Cu catalysts and key reaction intermediates during CO2RR. This article reviews the principles of electrochemical in situ Raman spectroscopy and its latest developments in the study of CO2RR on Cu-based catalysts, focusing on its applications in monitoring the dynamic structural changes of the catalyst surface (such as Cu+, Cu0, and Cu2+ oxide species) and identifying key reaction intermediates (such as *CO, *OCCO(*O=C-C=O), *COOH, etc.). Numerous studies have shown that Cu-based oxide precursors undergo rapid reduction and surface reconstruction under CO2RR conditions, resulting in metallic Cu nanoclusters with unique crystal facets and particle size distributions. These oxide-derived active sites are considered crucial for achieving high selectivity toward C2+ products. Time-resolved Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) techniques have further revealed the dynamic characteristics of local pH changes at the electrode/electrolyte interface and the adsorption behavior of intermediates, providing molecular-level insights into the mechanisms of selectivity control in CO2RR. However, technical challenges such as weak signal intensity, laser-induced damage, and background fluorescence interference, and opportunities such as coupling high-precision confocal Raman technology with in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy or synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in researching the mechanisms of CO2RR are also put forward.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jinchao"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Honglin"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Honglin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhen"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Haiyang"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Haiyang"},{"family":"Che","given":"Li"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Kunqi"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Aiyi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano15191517","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15191517","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413985518","type":"article-journal","title":"Experimental Study on Indirect CO2 Mineralization of Industrial Solid Wastes: Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Slag and Nickel Mine Tailings","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide CO 2 mineralization utilizing alkaline industrial wastes as feedstocks is a promising approach for long-term carbon sequestration. This study investigates the indirect carbonation of electric arc furnace (EAF) steel slag and nickel mine tailing using two leaching agents, inorganic hydrochloric acid (HCl) and waste-derived acid mine drainage (AMD). The efficiency of metal leaching and CO 2 sequestration capacity were evaluated under varying process conditions, including temperature and carbonation reaction acceleration by ultrasound cavitation. Results demonstrated that AMD can be a viable alternative to HCl, potentially reducing chemical costs while aiding in mine waste remediation. However, the effectiveness of both leaching and carbonation processes is strongly influenced by the mineralogical composition of the feedstocks. For serpentine-based feedstock rich in magnesium (nickel tailing), using AMD as a leaching agent resulted in a sequestration capacity of up to 65.12 g-CO 2 /kg-Ni-Tailing versus 18.28 g-CO 2 /kg-Ni-Tailing with HCl at room temperature. Conversely, for EAF steel slag rich in calcium, the trend was opposite, with HCl achieving a sequestration capacity of up to 154.76 g-CO 2 /kg-EAF versus 63.58 g-CO 2 /kg-EAF with AMD. The study further explores the impact of operating temperature and ultrasound process intensification on reaction kinetics, concluding that CO 2 sequestration efficiency was improved either by increasing the temperature or employing ultrasound processing. These findings contribute to the development of sustainable mineralization strategies for industrial waste valorization and greenhouse gas mitigation.","author":[{"family":"Radfarnia","given":"Hamid"},{"family":"Staneva","given":"Katrin"},{"family":"Shafeen","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Zanganeh","given":"Kourosh"},{"family":"Patarachao","given":"Bussaraporn"},{"family":"Huertas","given":"Stephannie"},{"family":"Zborowski","given":"Andre"},{"family":"Kung","given":"Judy"},{"family":"Kenari","given":"Seyedeh"},{"family":"Mosadeghsedghi","given":"Sanaz"},{"family":"Volchek","given":"Konstantin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c05128","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c05128","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416570873","type":"article-journal","title":"From biomass waste to CO2 capture: a multi-fidelity machine learning workflow for high-throughput screening of activated carbons","abstract":"Rising atmospheric CO 2 levels threaten climate stability, demanding transformative solutions in carbon capture, utilization, and storage. Porous activated carbons (ACs) derived from sustainable waste sources offer a promising route for cost-effective and eco-friendly carbon capture, thanks to their tunable surface chemistry and high surface areas. However, optimizing ACs for peak CO 2 uptake is often hindered by complex, resource-intensive experimental workflows and the scarcity of high-quality data. This study presents a machine learning-driven framework that combines a multi-headed one-dimensional convolutional neural network (MH1DCNN) with multi-fidelity Bayesian optimization (MFBO) to efficiently navigate large design spaces by balancing exploration of uncertain regions with exploitation of known high-performing candidates. The MH1DCNN captures nonlinear relationships between physicochemical properties and CO 2 uptake, serving as a deployable low-fidelity model. Using 841 literature-reported samples as high-cost, high-fidelity data and MH1DCNN-generated predictions as low-cost, low-fidelity evaluations, MFBO fuses these information sources through a probabilistic surrogate model, enabling rapid and cost-effective optimization. This approach reduces high-fidelity evaluation requirements by over 75% and identifies top-performing candidates using only 13 high-fidelity acquisitions. This scalable, data-driven strategy supports the development of closed-loop experiment-analysis-planning systems for future autonomous laboratories and accelerates sustainable materials discovery.","author":[{"family":"Hajiali","given":"Faezeh"},{"family":"Ellis","given":"Naoko"},{"family":"Gopaluni","given":"RB"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41524-025-01786-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-025-01786-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417370071","type":"article-journal","title":"Ensemble Surrogates and NSGA-II with Active Learning for Multi-Objective Optimization of WAG Injection in CO2-EOR","abstract":"CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) with water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection offers the dual benefit of boosted oil production and CO2 storage, addressing both energy needs and climate goals. However, designing CO2-WAG schemes is challenging; maximizing oil recovery, CO2 storage, and economic returns (net present value, NPV) simultaneously under a limited simulation budget leads to conflicting trade-offs. We propose a novel closed-loop multi-objective framework that integrates high-fidelity reservoir simulation with stacking surrogate modeling and active learning for multi-objective CO2-WAG optimization. A high-diversity stacking ensemble surrogate is constructed to approximate the reservoir simulator. It fuses six heterogeneous models (gradient boosting, Gaussian process regression, polynomial ridge regression, k-nearest neighbors, generalized additive model, and radial basis SVR) via a ridge-regression meta-learner, with original control variables included to improve robustness. This ensemble surrogate significantly reduces per-evaluation cost while maintaining accuracy across the parameter space. During optimization, an NSGA-II genetic algorithm searches for Pareto-optimal CO2-WAG designs by varying key control parameters (water and CO2 injection rates, slug length, and project duration). Crucially, a decision-space diversity-controlled active learning scheme (DCAF) iteratively refines the surrogate: it filters candidate designs by distance to existing samples and selects the most informative points for high-fidelity simulation. This closed-loop cycle of “surrogate prediction → high-fidelity correction → model update” improves surrogate fidelity and drives convergence toward the true Pareto front. We validate the framework of the SPE5 benchmark reservoir under CO2-WAG conditions. Results show that the integrated “stacking + NSGA-II + DCAF” approach closely recovers the true tri-objective Pareto front (oil recovery, CO2 storage, NPV) while greatly reducing the number of expensive simulator runs. The method’s novelty lies in combining diverse stacking ensembles, NSGA-II, and active learning into a unified CO2-EOR optimization workflow. It provides practical guidance for economically aware, low-carbon reservoir management, demonstrating a data-efficient paradigm for coordinated production, storage, and value optimization in CO2-WAG EOR.","author":[{"family":"Zhu","given":"Yutong"},{"family":"Li","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Liquan"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Chaobin"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xinwen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18246575","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246575","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7134269502","type":"article-journal","title":"The prevalence and clinical significance of clonal monocytosis","abstract":"ABSTRACT: The terms clonal monocytosis of undetermined significance (CMUS) and clonal cytopenia and monocytosis of undetermined significance (CCMUS) were introduced by the International Consensus Classification of Myeloid Neoplasms to describe cases of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) and concurrent monocytosis that did not meet the diagnostic criteria of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. To date, their practical relevance as clinicopathological entities at a population level has not been assessed. Here, we assess the prevalence, significance, and natural history of CMUS and CCMUS among 431 531 UK Biobank participants through analysis of clinical, genomic, and health outcome data. We find that CMUS with an absolute monocytosis and CCMUS are high-risk entities strongly associated with incident myeloid neoplasia (MN), cardiovascular disease, and renal disease. Noting the overall higher monocyte counts in men and the low rate of progression of DNMT3A-CMUS, we reveal that amending the definition of CMUS/CCMUS to incorporate sex-specific monocyte thresholds and the exclusion of isolated DNMT3A mutations from the definition significantly strengthens the association with incident MN. Finally, given their association with poor outcomes, we develop MoSAIC, a machine-learning classifier, to infer the presence of SRSF2 mutations (associated with high MN risk) among individuals with monocytosis, based on complete blood count indices alone. We corroborate our findings in an independent cohort of 625 328 Danish primary care patients. Our findings underscore the clinical relevance of CMUS and CCMUS as distinct high-risk states within the spectrum of CH and establish an evidence base to refine their diagnostic definition.","author":[{"family":"Dunn","given":"William"},{"family":"Sachs","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Maggi","given":"Matteo"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Muxin"},{"family":"Quirós","given":"Pedro"},{"family":"Batta","given":"Kiran"},{"family":"Andersen","given":"CB"},{"family":"Fabre","given":"Margarete"},{"family":"Chevassut","given":"TJ"},{"family":"Mohorianu","given":"Irina"},{"family":"Wiseman","given":"D"},{"family":"Vassiliou","given":"George"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1182/blood.2025031883","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2025031883","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131081736","type":"article-journal","title":"Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Assessing Green Hydrogen Suitability in MENA FFED Countries","abstract":"For nations heavily dependent on fossil-fuel exports, hydrogen is emerging as a promising solution to reduce carbon emissions while preserving economic stability and promoting countries’ energy independence. This research study examines hydrogen potential as a renewable energy source to facilitate the transition toward a sustainable economy with a special focus on Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. The analysis delves into policy frameworks, technological advancements, and infrastructure adaptations to build a reliable green hydrogen supply chain for a scalable and bankable future. The role played by other renewable energies like solar and wind, together with the risk related to the high demand for water resources to achieve the green hydrogen transition, has also been assessed. Furthermore, key challenges have been highlighted, including the repurposing of the existing pipelines into the energy networks, public–private partnerships to secure investment, and legislation requirements to encourage the adoption of novel hydrogen applications. In order to do that, a SWOT-PESTEL analysis has been carried out to identify the main decarbonization strategies for achieving a replicable framework. Moreover, a multi-criteria decision analysis was performed, applying 11 indicators across supply-side (e.g., solar/wind potential, LCOE, and water stress), demand-pull/logistics (e.g., maritime connectivity, steel production, and LNG export capacity), and risk/regulation dimensions (e.g., governance effectiveness, regulatory quality, and fossil rent dependence). The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used for weighting, the entropy method for weighting variability (hybrid 50/50 combined weights), min–max normalization for costs, 5% Winsorization for outliers, and TOPSIS for aggregation following OECD-JRC composite indicator guidelines. Results have been validated through a multiple scenario analysis (base, supply-led, and risk-aware) and sensitivity testing via Dirichlet bootstrapping (5000 iterations) with ±20% weight perturbations. Six countries of the MENA region have been studied. The multi-criteria decision analysis outcomes rank Egypt (composite score 0.518), Algeria (0.482), and Oman (0.479) as the most suitable countries for large-scale green hydrogen and ammonia production/export, while Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Kuwait achieved lower supply scores in the base case due to higher perceived risks.","author":[{"family":"Benreguieg","given":"Abdelhafidh"},{"family":"Montuori","given":"Lina"},{"family":"Alcázar-Ortega","given":"Manuel"},{"family":"Siano","given":"Pierluigi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18042157","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18042157","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411107356","type":"article-journal","title":"Dissemination of KPC-2-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST792 in Southern China","abstract":"Background The global emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has become a critical public health threat. However, the epidemiological significance of certain sequence types (STs) remains underappreciated. Among these, ST792—a lineage rarely documented in global surveillance studies—has recently emerged as a concerning threat in southern China. In this study, we characterized the epidemiological features and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of CRKP ST792 isolates collected during a dissemination in a hospital in southern China. Methods Seven separate clinical isolates were collected from hospitalized patients between January 2021 and March 2022. Bacterial isolates were identified, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using the VITEK-2 compact automated system. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on all seven isolates to confirm the presence of resistance genes. Additionally, a representative strain (G5) was selected for in-depth genomic characterization using long-read sequencing to analyze its genetic features and mobile genetic elements. Conjugation experiments were conducted to assess the transferability of the resistance plasmids. Results All isolated strains were identified as ST792-type CRKP carrying bla KPC − 2 through whole-genome sequencing. The strains harbored additional resistance genes including bla SHV − 148 , bla CTX − M−3 , bla TEM − 1B , qnrS1, OqxA and OqxB. Genomic characterization of representative strain G5 revealed a circular chromosome and three resistance plasmids. The bla KPC − 2 gene was located on a 102,257 bp IncFIB(pQil) plasmid with a Tn3-TnpR-ISKpn27-ISKpn28-bla KPC − 2 -ISKpn6 genetic structure. Conjugation experiments demonstrated successful transfer of two accessory plasmids (p[G5]-2 and p[G5]-3) to Escherichia coli EC600, confirming their mobility and potential role in resistance gene dissemination. Conclusion This study characterizes the nosocomial dissemination of KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae ST792 strains, elucidating their antimicrobial resistance patterns and plasmid-mediated transmission mechanisms to inform infection control strategies. The urgent need for enhanced surveillance and strict implementation of infection control measures is underscored to mitigate the spread of hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant pathogens.","author":[{"family":"Wan","given":"Cailing"},{"family":"Li","given":"Meilan"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Haojin"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Peiyao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Bingjie"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Junhong"},{"family":"Li","given":"Shen"},{"family":"Han","given":"Weihua"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Xinru"},{"family":"Lv","given":"Jianbo"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Yü"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Fangyou"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1580739","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1580739","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167964667","type":"article-journal","title":"1475 Advancing Rib Fracture Care: Two-Cycle Audit","abstract":"Abstract Aim To evaluate departmental compliance with local Trust guidelines for the management of multiple rib fractures, and to assess improvement following implementation of recommendations from the first audit cycle. Method A two-cycle retrospective audit was undertaken at Peterborough City Hospital. The first cycle reviewed patients admitted with multiple rib fractures between March 2023 and February 2024. The re-audit assessed practice between November 2024 and April 2025 after targeted interventions. Data were obtained from eTrack, ICE, EVOLVE, Symphony and Xero Viewer. Compliance with analgesia standards, imaging, chest injury scoring, pain team and regional anaesthesia referral, ABG performance, CCU referral and complication rates were evaluated. Length of stay (LOS) and patient comorbidities were also analysed. Results The first cycle included 101 patients and the second 62 patients. Across both cycles, elderly patients formed a substantial proportion and showed higher complication rates. Improvements observed in appropriate analgesia prescription and documentation of chest injury scoring. In the second cycle, regional analgesia was associated with reduced LOS (9.8 vs 12.6 days). However, persistent deficiencies remained: over 75% of patients meeting criteria were not referred to Critical Care, and compliance with ABG performance in hypoxic patients deteriorated. Pneumonia continued to significantly prolong LOS, increasing mean stay from 10.4 to 18.3 days. Patients with ≥16 fractures had markedly higher complication rates (27% vs 9%). Conclusions Despite targeted interventions, compliance with rib fracture management guidelines remains suboptimal. Key safety issues include inadequate CCU referral and inconsistent use of ABGs. Standardised pathways, mandatory proformas and improved education are required to enhance patient outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Shiraz","given":"M"},{"family":"Haider","given":"AW"},{"family":"Rantos","given":"I"},{"family":"Alam","given":"A"},{"family":"Mutsonziwa","given":"N"},{"family":"Adra","given":"M"},{"family":"Khalaf","given":"R"},{"family":"Odonnell","given":"C"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1093/bjs/znag063.284","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znag063.284","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412465386","type":"article-journal","title":"Design and rationale of the HARTc 2.0 trial: A multicenter randomized controlled study on the impact of point-of-care high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-I testing in prehospital acute coronary syndrome triage on diagnosis and cost-effectiveness","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Chest pain accounts for ∼10% of emergency department visits, though most cases are not acute coronary syndrome (ACS), underscoring the need for effective prehospital triage. The HARTc 2.0 study evaluates the modified History, Electrocardiogram, Age, Risk Factors, and Troponin (HEART) score incorporating point-of-care (POC) high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-I (hs-cTnI) capillary fingerprick testing with sex-specific cut-offs to improve ACS risk stratification. The randomized controlled trial compares a prehospital triage strategy using this modified HEART score and a 0/2-hour POC hs-cTnI algorithm to standard care using HEAR score and in-hospital 0/1-hour hs-cTnT testing. Cost-effectiveness and diagnostic timing are also assessed. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The HARTc 2.0 study consists of 4 prospective phases to improve prehospital risk stratification for patients with suspected ACS. Phase 0 investigates technical operability of the Siemens Atellica VTLi POC hs-cTnI device. Phase 1 verifies preanalytical and analytical performance. Phase 2 evaluates clinical comparability between modified HEART score (with POC hs-cTnI) and standard HEART score. Phase 3 is a multicenter randomized controlled trial assessing the impact of prehospital risk stratification-into low, intermediate, or high-risk for ACS-on clinical decision-making, time-to-diagnosis, and cost-effectiveness. CONCLUSION: This trial evaluates modified HEART score with POC hs-cTnI testing, incorporating sex-specific cut-offs, to improve prehospital ACS risk stratification. Phases 0 and 1 confirm the reliability of capillary whole blood POC hs-cTnI. Furthermore, the trial is a randomized trial which evaluates prehospital risk stratification for ACS using a 0/2-hour POC hs-cTnI algorithm on clinical decision-making, time-to-diagnosis, as well as its cost-effectiveness. Improved prehospital risk stratification for ACS aims to enhance triage accuracy, time-to-diagnosis and time-to-treatment, thereby reducing unnecessary hospital admissions and improve resource allocation in prehospital and emergency care. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NL80873.000.22, NL9475 (registered in the Dutch Trial Register, the Netherlands).","author":[{"family":"Lande","given":"Anne"},{"family":"Diederiks","given":"Nina"},{"family":"Koning","given":"Enrico"},{"family":"Bosch","given":"Jan"},{"family":"Romijn","given":"Fred"},{"family":"Loo","given":"Wouter"},{"family":"Marle","given":"MEVD"},{"family":"Dehnavi","given":"Reza"},{"family":"Tietge","given":"Wouter"},{"family":"Mertens","given":"Bart"},{"family":"Jukema","given":"JW"},{"family":"Cobbaert","given":"Christa"},{"family":"Schalij","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Boogers","given":"Mark"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ahj.2025.07.009","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2025.07.009","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415532860","type":"article-journal","title":"A comprehensive review on traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and pharmacological properties of Tridax procumbens","abstract":"Tridax procumbens Linn. is a medicinal plant traditionally used in folk medicine to treat various conditions such as skin infections, wounds, fever and inflammation. Its therapeutic potential is attributed to a rich diversity of bioactive compounds present within the plant. This review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of T. procumbens by analysing literature from databases like PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, including studies published until 2025. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have explored the therapeutic properties of different parts of T. procumbens, revealing its wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. These include analgesic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-urothelic, cardioprotective, larvicidal, wound healing, reproductive, anthelmintic, anti-ulcer, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, hypolipidemic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, this review summarizes the key phytochemicals found in T. procumbens, including flavonoids, alkaloids, essential oils, tannins, carotenoids, and saponins. The analysis highlights the abundance of these bioactive compounds in T. procumbens, underscoring its substantial pharmacological potential. Given its diverse therapeutic properties, the plant shows promise for development in various sectors, including drug discovery, industrial applications, and the medicinal and commercial industries.","author":[{"family":"Jangid","given":"Tanvi"},{"family":"Jain","given":"Aditya"},{"family":"Bhardwaj","given":"Gauri"},{"family":"Jangir","given":"Ram"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.31254/phyto.2025.14403","URL":"https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2025.14403","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165566721","type":"article-journal","title":"Significance of International Standards and Guidelines in Financing Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Projects","abstract":"Abstract This paper discusses the importance of international standards and guidelines, such as (Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) Storage Resources Management System (SRMS), ISO 27914, ISO 27916, and the United Nations Framework Classification (UNFC) Injection Guidelines, in helping secure private funding for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) projects. These standards are crucial for both the credibility and safe operations of projects, especially when storing carbon dioxide (CO2) underground. The standards help assess risks, evaluating resources, and making project information transparent. Such transparency transforms CCUS from a high-risk emerging sector into a standardized, trustworthy industry that attracts private capital. This paper compares CCUS standards with those used in the oil and gas industry. In the oil and gas (O&G) industry, standards such as SPE PRMS, United States (US) Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) rules for reporting reserves as described in the 2009 Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting Final Rule, and Canada's NI 51-101 have historically helped build industry credibility and attract private funding. Recent updates, such as the SPE CO2 Storage Resources Management System (SRMS) 2025 Edition and the UNFC Injection Guidelines in 2024, show ongoing progress toward standardization providing a solid framework for estimating resources, conducting third-party audits, and assessing risks. These processes are essential for building financial trust and increasing project access to financing. This paper examines four key areas where standards and guidelines influence stakeholder confidence in CCUS projects: technical uncertainty, regulatory uncertainty, risk assessments, and transparency and comparability. A detailed comparison of various guidelines and analysis of their interaction with carbon credit reporting standards is presented, highlighting their impact on project maturation and stakeholder credibility. Technical uncertainty is discussed, focusing on how classification systems within guidelines aid in understanding resource ranges, support teams during third-party evaluations or audits, and help assess critical Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) aspects. Importance of the implementation of Measurement, Monitoring, and Verification (MMV) programs is reviewed, as despite higher costs, it can significantly improve investor confidence, project credibility, and long-term success. Standardization enhances transparency and comparability by ensuring consistent application across projects, thereby improving the understanding of risk by the financial and insurance sectors. Finally, the review discusses recent efforts to harmonize diverse carbon credit reporting standards principles for improved regulatory compliance and how these efforts have helped with cross-border projects, where facilities like storage may be in different jurisdictions from emission sources. Results demonstrate the interaction needed between various international guidelines for resources evaluation and carbon credit standards as a critical step to promote project finance. The comparison between standards and guidelines goes beyond the purely technical aspects and into the impact that these frameworks have on access to sustainable finance. This paper provides valuable insights for project developers, financial institutions, and regulators aiming to establish a harmonized, transparent, and systematic approach and workflows for CO2 project valuation and reporting.","author":[{"family":"Coll","given":"C"},{"family":"Robinson","given":"L"},{"family":"Oberst","given":"R"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.2118/233344-ms","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2118/233344-ms","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411347444","type":"article-journal","title":"Decarbonisation of manufacturing operations: a case study in automotive manufacturing","abstract":"In response to the climate crisis, companies are increasingly committed to lowering their emissions. Previous studies have investigated climate mitigation strategies in carbon-intensive industries. However, emissions from less carbon-intensive sectors must also be addressed to reach net-zero goals. This study focuses on manufacturing operations and proposes a three-step approach to initiate industrial decarbonisation activities. Technological solutions across six strategies were investigated: fuel shift, electrification, carbon capture, process efficiency, technology substitution, and circularity. An in-depth case study at a multinational automotive manufacturing company was conducted with 16 semi-structured interviews to qualitatively evaluate technological solutions, highlighting implementation challenges from the case company’s perspective. While there is no universal set of priorities for decarbonisation, the proposed three-step approach can help companies organise their decarbonisation activities more effectively. Finally, we suggest further work to tackle current and emerging challenges potentially hindering decarbonisation efforts in less carbon-intensive sectors.","author":[{"family":"Olander","given":"Andreas"},{"family":"Wolf","given":"Lucas"},{"family":"Moestam","given":"Lena"},{"family":"Despeisse","given":"Mélanie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/21693277.2025.2514613","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21693277.2025.2514613","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414017232","type":"article-journal","title":"A Comparative Review on Dry Ice Production Methods: Challenges, Sustainability and Future Directions","abstract":"Dry ice, the solid form of carbon dioxide (CO2), is widely used in cold chain logistics, industrial cleaning, and biomedical preservation. Its production, however, is closely linked to carbon capture, energy-intensive liquefaction, and solidification processes. This review critically evaluates and compares the existing methods of CO2 capture, including chemical absorption, physical absorption, adsorption, and membrane-based separation as they pertain to dry ice production. This study further assesses liquefaction cycles using refrigerants such as ammonia and R744, highlighting thermodynamic and environmental trade-offs. Solidification techniques are examined in the context of energy consumption, process integration, and product quality. The comparative analysis is supported by extensive tabulated data on operating conditions, CO2 purity, and sustainability metrics. This review identifies key technical and environmental challenges, such as solvent regeneration, CO2 leakage, and energy recovery. Thus, it also explores emerging innovations, including hybrid cycles and renewable energy integration, to advance the sustainability of dry ice production. This, in turn, offers strategic insight for optimizing dry ice manufacturing in alignment with low-carbon industrial goals.","author":[{"family":"Assaf","given":"Jean"},{"family":"Issa","given":"Christina"},{"family":"Flouty","given":"Tony"},{"family":"Marji","given":"Lea"},{"family":"Nakad","given":"Mantoura"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13092848","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092848","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410449292","type":"article-journal","title":"Isopropanol Mediates the Rapid and Selective Synthesis of Vaterite during Ambient Carbonation","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Vaterite is a metastable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) that can be controllably transformed into aragonite or calcite (i.e., stable CaCO 3 polymorphs) – via a dissolution–precipitation pathway – thereby enabling cementation. Despite its potential as a low-carbon cementitious material, vaterite’s synthesis and stabilization at high yield, particularly when using alkaline calcium solids and gas-phase carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as reactants, remain a challenge. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate that isopropanol (IPA) enables the direct utilization of a dilute gas-phase CO 2 (∼5 vol %) stream to rapidly and controllably synthesize vaterite using technical hydrated lime (portlandite: Ca(OH) 2 ) as a Ca-source at ambient temperature and pressure. It appears that, in aqueous solution and in the presence of monohydric alcohols, a surface tension less than 30 mN/m and a viscosity greater than 2 mPa·s promote the selective precipitation of vaterite. But, this suggestion was unfounded as these solution properties alone do not explain the exceptional vaterite selectivity (>80 mass %) that was achieved only in IPA-water mixtures. The findings indicate a pioneering approach for the use of IPA to mediate the continuous synthesis of vaterite using technical reagents (hydrated lime and CO 2 ) with implications for cement decarbonization, and CO 2 mineralization and utilization.","author":[{"family":"Arabit","given":"Jenny"},{"family":"Prentice","given":"Dale"},{"family":"Luong","given":"Justin"},{"family":"Bouissonnié","given":"Arnaud"},{"family":"Govindhakannan","given":"Jagannathan"},{"family":"Rosner","given":"Fabian"},{"family":"Simonetti","given":"Dante"},{"family":"Plante","given":"Erika"},{"family":"Gaedt","given":"Torben"},{"family":"Sant","given":"Gaurav"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c01554","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c01554","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417114349","type":"article-journal","title":"Techno-Economic Study of Carbon Price Impact on Coal-to-Liquid Technology Coupling CCS in China","abstract":"To address petroleum security concerns and improve its energy structure, China continues to expand its utilization of coal-to-liquid (CTL) technology. While integrating carbon capture and storage (CCS) is essential to reduce the CO2 emissions from CTL, the high CO2 abatement cost remains one major barrier to its large-scale implementation. Carbon pricing could improve the cost-effectiveness and competitiveness of CTL-CCS. The impacts of the upstream carbon tax and the downstream carbon price are discussed, considering two indirect coal liquefaction routes: a once-through synthesis process with electricity generation from unreacted syngas and a process with recycling unreacted syngas. The financial performance, with or without CCS, was evaluated using process simulation in Aspen Plus 11.1 and a cost estimation model. First, the product cost of recycling synthesis is consistently lower than of once-through synthesis, indicating better economic efficiency. Second, adopting CCS without a carbon price significantly undermines economic performance. To keep the product cost increase below 10%, the upstream carbon tax and the downstream carbon price should be less than 100 and 120 RMB/tCO2, respectively. Third, the upstream carbon tax can quickly increase product costs and reduces NPV and IRR, but fails to incentivize actual emissions reduction. Fourth, the downstream carbon price can effectively drive actual emissions reduction, particularly at a higher carbon price. Finally, without a sufficiently high carbon price, enterprises lack necessary incentive to implement CCS. When the carbon price reaches 196 RMB/tCO2 (approximately 30 USD/tCO2), CCS becomes a cost-effective option for the CTL process.","author":[{"family":"Han","given":"Bing"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Li"},{"family":"Duan","given":"Maosheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13123960","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13123960","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7119782493","type":"article-journal","title":"From Rigid Order to Radical Variation: Mitogenome Evolution in the Main Lineages of a Lesser-Known Animal Phylum (Gastrotricha)","abstract":"Mitochondrial genomes offer valuable insights into biological and phylogenetic processes, yet the factors shaping their architecture across metazoan lineages remain poorly understood, largely due to limited taxonomic sampling. To address this gap, we analyzed mitochondrial genomes from 20 species spanning a broad taxonomic spectrum of the phylum Gastrotricha. Our findings, supported by phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial datasets, reveal two distinct evolutionary patterns: one lineage displays remarkable conservation in genome structure, while the other exhibits variability in gene content, arrangement, strand polarity, and repeat abundance. These contrasting patterns appear to be related to differences in reproductive strategies (hermaphroditism vs. parthenogenesis) and ecological habitats (marine vs. freshwater). While these associations are intriguing, further data are needed to understand the underlying processes. This study highlights the importance of broad phylum-scale mitogenomic sampling for uncovering genomic diversity and advancing our understanding of mitochondrial evolution across Metazoa.","author":[{"family":"Kosakyan","given":"Anush"},{"family":"Gammuto","given":"Leandro"},{"family":"Cesaretti","given":"Agata"},{"family":"Saponi","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Serra","given":"Valentina"},{"family":"Petroni","given":"Giulio"},{"family":"Macher","given":"Jan"},{"family":"Wallnoefer","given":"Oscar"},{"family":"Plazzi","given":"Federico"},{"family":"Todaro","given":"MA"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1093/gbe/evag001","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag001","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416673705","type":"article-journal","title":"Photovoltaic Hydrogen Power-Coupled Polygeneration System for Green Data Center: Energy, Economic, and Environmental Analysis","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The rapid growth of data centers has sharply increased power consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, making improved energy efficiency and renewable energy integration urgent priorities for their sustainable development. This study proposes an integrated energy system for powering and cooling data centers, combining photovoltaic (PV) modules, a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, a PEM fuel cell (PEMFC), and an absorption chiller. When solar energy is available, the PV is first supplied to power the data center, and the surplus is directed to the PEM electrolyzer for hydrogen production via water electrolysis. The stored hydrogen is later converted back into electricity through the PEMFC during peak-price periods in the nighttime or when solar irradiance is insufficient. Waste heat from the electrolyzer and PEMFC is used to drive the absorption chiller for data center cooling and waste heat recovery, while recovered heat from the data center is utilized for domestic hot water and space heating. A comprehensive exergy analysis is conducted to assess the thermodynamic performance of the proposed polygeneration system, alongside an evaluation of its economic and environmental benefits under varying PV participation levels. Comparative results show that when PV generation meets 40% of the annual power demand in the data center, annual operating costs can be reduced by approximately $238,000 and CO 2 emissions by 2,940 tons compared with a conventional grid-supplied configuration. Additionally, the integrated system achieves an average power usage effectiveness (PUE) of 1.25 and a maximum exergy efficiency of 28.5% during the heating season, highlighting its strong potential to enhance energy efficiency and mitigate environmental impacts, particularly in regions with moderate solar radiation.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Zerui"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Zhukui"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Houpeng"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Jian"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c08008","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c08008","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7169862552","type":"article-journal","title":"Prognostic Utility of the Total Body Muscle Mass in Heart Failure: Insights From the JEDI ‐ AHF Registry","abstract":"AIM: Quantifying skeletal muscle mass is essential for patients with heart failure; however, common modalities, such as bioelectrical impedance analysis, can be distorted by fluid retention. The total body muscle mass (TBMM), a creatinine-cystatin C-derived marker, has been proposed as a practical blood-based surrogate of muscle mass; however, its relationship with muscle mass and its prognostic value in acute heart failure remain uncertain. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether TBMM is associated with skeletal muscle mass indices in heart failure and postdischarge all-cause mortality in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure. METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included patients hospitalized for acute heart failure at Juntendo University Hospital (January 2015-December 2021). TBMM was calculated from body weight, serum creatinine, and cystatin C, and classified using prespecified sex-specific cut-offs (men, < 38.846; women, < 26.476). RESULTS: Among the 550 patients, 271 had low TBMM. Over a median follow-up of 2.6 years, 134 deaths occurred (low-TBMM, 79; high-TBMM, 55). Patients with low TBMM showed significantly lower survival and a higher risk of postdischarge mortality after adjustment. Findings were consistent across the left ventricular ejection fraction strata (< 50% and ≥ 50%). TBMM correlated strongly with appendicular skeletal muscle mass index, estimated using both anthropometric and biomarker-based models. CONCLUSIONS: In patients hospitalized for acute heart failure, TBMM was strongly correlated with estimated muscle mass and independently associated with postdischarge all-cause mortality. Therefore, TBMM may complement routine risk stratification and help identify patients with heightened vulnerability related to muscle impairment.","author":[{"family":"Ikeda","given":"Yoshiaki"},{"family":"Nakade","given":"Taisuke"},{"family":"Matsue","given":"Yuya"},{"family":"Fujimoto","given":"Yudai"},{"family":"Nakamura","given":"Y"},{"family":"Akama","given":"Yuka"},{"family":"Maeda","given":"Daichi"},{"family":"Sunayama","given":"Tsutomu"},{"family":"Dotare","given":"Taishi"},{"family":"Yatsu","given":"Shoichiro"},{"family":"Ishiwata","given":"Sayaki"},{"family":"Suda","given":"Shoko"},{"family":"Kato","given":"T"},{"family":"Hiki","given":"Masaru"},{"family":"Kasai","given":"Takatoshi"},{"family":"Minamino","given":"Tohru"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1111/ggi.70680","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.70680","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414007904","type":"article-journal","title":"Cover Feature: Ambient CO 2 Hydrogenation to Formate Over NiPd Catalyst (ChemCatChem 17/2025)","abstract":"The Cover Feature highlights a two-step integrated strategy for direct air capture (DAC) and subsequent conversion of CO2 into formate by using a bimetallic Ni9Pd1 catalytic system. To address the global challenge of rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations, S. K. Singh and co-workers have developed a non-noble-metal-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst that enables the conversion of low-concentration CO2 from air into formate. The catalyst demonstrates remarkable activity under ambient temperature, underscoring its potential for practical implementation in carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies. More information can be found in Research Article 10.1002/cctc.202500771.","author":[{"family":"Parthiban","given":"Jayashree"},{"family":"Priya","given":"Bhanu"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Rohit"},{"family":"Suganuma","given":"Satoshi"},{"family":"Nakajima","given":"Kiyotaka"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Sanjay"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cctc.70300","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.70300","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411486057","type":"article-journal","title":"Lumina: Real-Time Neural Rendering by Exploiting Computational Redundancy","abstract":"3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has vastly advanced the pace of neural rendering, but it remains computationally demanding on today's mobile SoCs.To address this challenge, we propose Lumina, a hardware-algorithm co-designed system, which integrates two principal optimizations: a novel algorithm, S 2 , and a radiance caching mechanism, RC, to improve the efficiency of neural rendering.S 2 algorithm exploits temporal coherence in rendering to reduce the computational overhead, while RC leverages the color integration process of 3DGS to decrease the frequency of intensive rasterization computations.Coupled with these techniques, we propose an accelerator architecture, LuminCore, to further accelerate cache lookup and address the fundamental inefficiencies in Rasterization.We show that Lumina achieves 4.5× speedup and 5.3× energy reduction against a mobile Volta GPU, with a marginal quality loss (< 0.2 dB peak signal-to-noise ratio reduction) across synthetic and real-world datasets.","author":[{"family":"Feng","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Weikai"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Yuge"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Zihan"},{"family":"Leng","given":"Jingwen"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Minyi"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Chen"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Shixuan"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Yuhao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1145/3695053.3731003","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3695053.3731003","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417359769","type":"article-journal","title":"Next-Generation Biofuels from Bioelectrochemical Systems: A Comparative Review of CO2-Derived Products","abstract":"This study addresses the critical issue of fossil fuel dependence and its environmental impacts by examining bioelectrochemical systems (BES) for converting CO2 into sustainable biofuels. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on 87 Scopus documents (2010–2025) using RStudio (Bibliometrix) and VOSviewer to map co-authorship, co-citation, and keyword networks. Results show exponential growth since 2017, dominated by Environmental Science, Chemical Engineering, and Energy. China leads in publication volume, while Belgium excels in international collaboration and impact per article. Research networks are concentrated in Europe and Asia, with significant underrepresentation of Latin America and Africa. Thematic clusters center on CO2, microbial fuel cells, and bioenergy, indicating a shift toward material and process optimization. Influential authors such as Bajracharya S. focus on microbial electrosynthesis. However, key research gaps persist: limited integration of direct carbon capture technologies, inadequate biofilm characterization, and a scarcity of industrial-scale studies. Moreover, fewer than 10% of studies include comprehensive life cycle assessments (LCA) to evaluate the environmental footprint of BES. We propose a standardized LCA framework integrating techno-economic and circular economy metrics to advance BES from lab-scale proofs-of-concept to industrially viable, net-negative carbon technologies. The analysis also underscores a critical gap in policy and regulatory research, which is essential to create enabling conditions for the demonstration and scaling of BES technologies.","author":[{"family":"Rojas-Flores","given":"Segundo"},{"family":"Liza","given":"Rafael"},{"family":"Nazario-Naveda","given":"Renny"},{"family":"Díaz","given":"F"},{"family":"Delfín-Narciso","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Gallozzo-Cárdenas","given":"Moisés"},{"family":"Alviz-Meza","given":"Aníbal"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13124058","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13124058","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409287978","type":"manuscript","title":"Global Wind Energy Generation Trends and Projections: A Comprehensive Analysis to 2050","abstract":"This research presents a detailed evaluation of global wind power generation, employing cutting-edge machine learning methods to forecast future trends and capacities through 2050. Reviewing the past data of various countries, we construct predictive models for analyzing the potential increase in wind power generation, capacity factors, and regional differences. Using polynomial regression and random forest methods, we project high growth in wind energy production, pointing to the key importance of installed capacity, technology, and geographical diversity in deciding the fate of renewable energy. Our research establishes the feasibility of high growth in wind power generation, and trends indicating significant improvement in most parts of the world.","author":[{"family":"Magadum","given":"Triveni"},{"family":"Murgod","given":"Sanjana"},{"family":"Mittal","given":"Harshit"},{"family":"Anshu","given":"Deep"},{"family":"Kushwaha","given":"Omkar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.20944/preprints202504.0502.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202504.0502.v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7203770991","type":"article-journal","title":"Lipid Management Following Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Real-World Observational Study","abstract":"Background: Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remain at high risk for recurrent cardiovascular events. Current ESC guidelines recommend intensive lipid management including high-intensity statin therapy at discharge and achievement of specific LDL-C targets (<1.4 mmol/L) to modify this risk. Aim: To evaluate real-world adherence to ESC lipid management guidelines in ACS patients discharged from a Coronary Care Unit (CCU) in the UK, and to identify areas for quality improvement. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted using a random sample of 150 ACS patients discharged from the CCU over a one-year period. Data were collected on lipid profiles, discharge prescriptions for lipid-lowering therapy, and follow-up testing in accordance with 2019 ESC dyslipidaemia guidelines. Results: The cohort had a median age of 69 years, was 72% male, and 21% had previous ischaemic heart disease. While 95% of patients were appropriately prescribed high-intensity statins at discharge, only 47% received repeat lipid profiling within 4-6 weeks. Overall, 43% of patients achieved the target LDL-C of <1.4 mmol/L. Mean LDL at follow-up was 1.79 mmol/L (median 1.6). Conclusion: Although high-intensity statin prescription at discharge was excellent, follow-up monitoring and achievement of lipid targets remained suboptimal. These findings highlight the need for systematic approaches to lipid management after ACS, including earlier escalation to combination therapy (ezetimibe, bempedoic acid, or PCSK9 inhibitors) and improved monitoring protocols. The development of evidence-based lipid pathways and clinician education initiatives are underway to address these gaps, particularly in light of the updated 2025 ESC guidelines.","author":[{"family":"Aung","given":"PP"},{"family":"Gupta","given":"A"},{"family":"Aung","given":"H"},{"family":"Maung","given":"P"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.38192/1.10.1.ac25.ab.034","URL":"https://doi.org/10.38192/1.10.1.ac25.ab.034","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7138885219","type":"article-journal","title":"DISTRIBUIÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA DOS GENÓTIPOS DE HPV NO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO DE ESCOPO.","abstract":"Introdução: O câncer do colo do útero (CCU) é uma das principais causas de mortalidade feminina no Brasil. Sua etiologia está fortemente associada à infecção pelo papilomavírus humano (HPV), especialmente pelos genótipos de alto risco oncogênico. Com a recente recomendação do Ministério da Saúde para substituição do exame citológico pelo teste molecular de DNA-HPV no rastreamento do CCU, torna-se urgente compreender a distribuição regional dos genótipos virais. Essa lacuna de conhecimento compromete a seleção eficaz dos testes diagnósticos, impactando diretamente as políticas públicas de rastreamento. Objetivos: Investigar os genótipos de HPV mais prevalentes em mulheres por localidade no Brasil, com ênfase na Região Nordeste e no estado de Alagoas, visando subsidiar estratégias de rastreamento mais eficazes e regionalizadas. Materiais e métodos: Será realizada uma revisão de escopo segundo as diretrizes do Joanna Briggs Institute e protocolo PRISMA-ScR. A pesquisa será conduzida em bases como MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS e Catálogo CAPES, abrangendo publicações entre 2015 e 2025. Serão incluídos artigos originais e literatura cinza sobre genótipos de HPV em mulheres brasileiras. Resultados esperados: Identificar e mapear a prevalência dos genótipos de HPV por região no Brasil, evidenciar lacunas na literatura nacional, publicação de artigo científico e elaborar manual técnico para o Centro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial. Palavras-chave: HPV, Papilomavírus Humano, Testes de DNA para Papilomavírus Humano, Genótipo, Subtipos, Tipos e Brasil.","author":[{"family":"Sampaio","given":"Caroline"},{"family":"Maranhão","given":"Beatriz"},{"family":"Ferreira","given":"José"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.17605/osf.io/fbg83","URL":"https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/fbg83","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406419160","type":"article-journal","title":"The mediating role of work–life balance on the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among Lebanese critical care nurses","abstract":"BACKGROUND: In healthcare settings, particularly in intensive care units, nurses face significant stress due to the high demands of their job. This stress can impact their job satisfaction, mental health, and overall quality of life. Emotional intelligence has been identified as a crucial factor that can mitigate workplace stress and enhance job satisfaction. Moreover, work-life balance is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing job satisfaction in the nursing profession. AIM: Our study aims at understanding the mediating effect of work-life balance between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction in Lebanese nurses working in the Intensive Care Unit. STUDY DESIGN: This study has a cross-sectional design. METHODS: Nurses working in intensive care units of one hospital (n = 100) were asked to fill an online questionnaire which included the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, Work-Life Balance Self-Assessment Scale, and Job Satisfaction Scale. RESULTS: Work Interference with Personal Life and Personal Life Interference with Work acted as significant mediators between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction. Specifically, the direct role of emotional intelligence on job satisfaction was found to be significant, with work interference with personal life (β = .02, SE = .01, p = .001) and personal life interference with work (β = .02, SE = .01, p = .002) showing significant indirect roles. Higher emotional intelligence was directly and significantly associated with more job satisfaction (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: The study underscores the potential benefits of emotional intelligence training and work-life balance promotion in enhancing nurses' job satisfaction. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Pending future longitudinal studies, findings cautiously imply that targeting work-life balance could help foster the positive connection between emotional intelligence and Job Satisfaction among nurses. Accordingly, healthcare administrators should prioritize policies that promote flexible scheduling, sufficient staffing levels, and mental health resources, which are essential for maintaining a balance between professional obligations Job Satisfaction and personal life.","author":[{"family":"Hemade","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Khashab","given":"Mohamad"},{"family":"Houwayek","given":"Charbel"},{"family":"Hallit","given":"Souheil"},{"family":"Fekihromdhane","given":"Feten"},{"family":"Fawaz","given":"Mirna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/nicc.13239","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nicc.13239","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415452079","type":"article-journal","title":"SAT-497 Pheochromocytoma and the Heart: Insights from two cases of Cardiomyopathy","abstract":"Abstract Disclosure: M.F. Hassan: None. S. Siddiqui: None. C.A. Onuegbu: None. M. Haque: None. A. Manavalan: None. Introduction: Pheochromocytomas are rare catecholamine-secreting tumors from the adrenalmedulla. Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy in pheochromocytoma (CICMP)is a severe complication with high morbidity and mortality, affecting 11% ofpatients. Here, we present two cases of CICMP managed successfully in theperioperative period. Case 1:A 44-year-old male with hypertension presented with one month of right-sidedabdominal fullness and SOB. Imaging showed bilateral heterogenous adrenalmasses (R>L, up to 15 cm) compressing the IVC. Laboratory tests revealed calcium12.5 mg/dL, iPTH 99.7 pg/mL, free normetanephrine 441 pg/mL, and 24-hoururine-free metanephrines 21,000. Thyroid biopsy confirmed medullary thyroidcarcinoma, and genetic testing revealed a RET mutation, consistent with MEN2A.Echocardiogram done for SOB and elevated troponin (0.03) showed LVEF 40%.The patient was admitted to the CCU for invasive hemodynamic monitoring,volume resuscitation, and phenoxybenzamine initiation. He underwent successfulbilateral adrenalectomy without postoperative complications. Case 2:A 56-year-old male with hypertension presented with headache, palpitations, andlabile blood pressure. Laboratory tests showed free metanephrines 950 pg/mL,free normetanephrines 875 pg/mL, and total metanephrines 1825 pg/mL. CTrevealed a 9.3 cm left suprarenal mass that was heterogeneous and solid/cystic.Echocardiogram done for elevated troponin (0.14) confirmed CICMP with LVEF40%. He was admitted to the CCU for invasive hemodynamic monitoring, fluidresuscitation, and alpha blockade. After left adrenalectomy, he developed acute hypoxic respiratory failure from decompensated heart failure but was dischargedon carvedilol and sacubitril/valsartan. Discussion: CICMP occurs due to chronic catecholamine elevation damaging myocardial tissuevia raised intracellular calcium, oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrialdysfunction. Concurrent hypotension and volume depletion complicatemanagement, necessitating invasive hemodynamic monitoring. In both cases,tumor resection improved symptoms. Conclusion: CICMP is a life-threatening condition associated with shock, arrhythmias, andrenal failure. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for successful outcomes. Presentation: Saturday, July 12, 2025","author":[{"family":"Hassan","given":"M"},{"family":"Siddiqui","given":"Samrah"},{"family":"Onuegbu","given":"Chinwendu"},{"family":"Haque","given":"Mahaim"},{"family":"Manavalan","given":"Anjali"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1210/jendso/bvaf149.360","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaf149.360","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415680569","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimization of Novel Variable-Channel-Width Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) Design for Enhanced Hydrogen Production","abstract":"This study presents a novel solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) design with variable channel widths to optimize thermal management and electrochemical performance for enhanced hydrogen production. Using high-fidelity computational modeling in COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1, five distinct channel width configurations were analyzed, with a baseline model validated against experimental data. The simulations showed that modifying the channel geometry, particularly in Scenario 2, significantly improved hydrogen production rates by 6.8% to 29% compared to a uniform channel design, with the effect becoming more pronounced at higher voltages. The performance enhancement was found to be primarily due to improved fluid velocity regulation, which increased reactant residence time and enhanced mass transport, rather than a significant thermal effect, as temperature distribution remained largely uniform across the cell. Additionally, the inclusion of a dedicated heat transfer channel was shown to improve current density and overall efficiency, particularly at lower voltages. While a small increase in voltage raised internal cell pressure, the variable-width designs, especially those with widening channels, led to greater hydrogen output, albeit with a corresponding increase in system energy consumption due to higher pressure. Overall, the findings demonstrate that strategically designed variable-width channels offer a promising approach to optimizing SOEC performance for industrial-scale hydrogen production.","author":[{"family":"Abadi","given":"Mahmoud"},{"family":"Thumu","given":"Udayabhaskararao"},{"family":"Rashidi","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Dashtaki","given":"Payam"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13113472","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13113472","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412096877","type":"article-journal","title":"From Wastewater to Soil Amendment: A Case Study on Sewage Sludge Composting and the Agricultural Application of the Compost","abstract":"The treatment of wastewater and the utilization of the by-products of these processes are an important part of the circular economy. The sewage sludge, a result of wastewater treatment, could be used as a material for plant nutrient supply and/or soil-improving products. The city of Nyíregyháza, Hungary, with 120,000 citizens, has a well-planned water treatment plant operated by Nyírségvíz Ltd., which, in cooperation with the Research Institute of Nyíregyháza, developed a municipal sewage sludge compost (SSC). The closed loop of sewage water treatment and the agricultural utilization of its by-product has been developed and managed. The compost product called Nyírkomposzt was planned for acidic sandy soils. Beyond the agronomic benefits, the sustainable and environmentally sound utilization of SSC reduces sewage sludge disposal. This active involvement of a water utility company demonstrates the potential of cross-sectoral cooperation in solving environmental problems. The quality of the compost fits the Hungarian legislation. To study the effects of 0, 9, 18, and 27 t ha−1 doses of compost on acidic sandy soil, a long-term small plot experiment was started in 2003. The cumulative effects of the regular (every third year, last treatment before sampling in 2021) application of the SSC showed positive changes in basic soil properties, depending on the doses used. Increasing values were found in the case of pH from 4.5 to 6, plant available P2O5 from 240 to 690 ppm, and plant available K2O from 180 to 200 ppm. The plant-available zinc and copper content also increased. Soil organic matter and total N content stabilized at around 0.9% and 0.08%, respectively. The grain yields of winter rye also increased in both investigated years. The yields of 18 t ha−1 treatment were about two times higher compared to the control, but only in 2022 was the difference significant. Our findings underscore the potential of well-planned SSC applications to improve the fertility of ploughed, acidic sandy soil, taking into account the theory of the circular economy by utilizing wastes and decreasing landfilling.","author":[{"family":"Almási","given":"Csilla"},{"family":"Veres","given":"Zoltán"},{"family":"Demeter","given":"Ibolya"},{"family":"Orosz","given":"Viktória"},{"family":"Tóth","given":"Tímea"},{"family":"Mansour","given":"Mostafa"},{"family":"Henzsel","given":"István"},{"family":"Bogdányi","given":"Zsolt"},{"family":"Szegi","given":"Tamás"},{"family":"Makádi","given":"Marianna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/w17132026","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w17132026","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413941076","type":"article-journal","title":"Thiophene-imidazoline derivatives with varying chain lengths modified by organic acids as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in the CO 2 -saturated oilfield produced water","abstract":", it can attain an inhibition efficiency of 87.55%. In addition, the investigation was carried out to elucidate the underlying factors contributing to the disparities in the corrosion inhibition efficiencies among corrosion inhibitors with varying carbon chain lengths. One of the reasons is that the carbon chain length affects the hydrophobicity of the corrosion inhibitors. Through quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, it has been firmly established that, in comparison with S4-C7, S4-C11 exhibits a more remarkable electron-donating ability. Moreover, S4-C11 shows lower adsorption energy on carbon steel surfaces and forms a more compact protective film, which collectively contributes to its superior performance. These combined properties more effectively limit contact between the steel surface and corrosive species, thereby inhibiting further corrosion.","author":[{"family":"Jia","given":"Shuxin"},{"family":"Xiong","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Du","given":"Shigui"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Yonggang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jiangbing"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Zhenglei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5ra04201a","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra04201a","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412681660","type":"article-journal","title":"Modified atmosphere and ozone treatment technologies in stored grain pest control: mechanism, applications and challenges","abstract":"Modified atmosphere and ozone treatment, as green and environmentally friendly means of pest control in grain storage, show significant industrialization potential in replacing traditional chemical fumigants. In this paper, we systematically explored the mechanism of nitrogen-modified atmosphere, carbon dioxide-modified atmosphere, and ozone treatment, as well as their effects on the control of stored grain pests, and deeply analyzed the application status, key influencing factors, and technical limitations of each technology. It shows that gas concentration, environmental temperature, exposure time, pest species, and their stages are the common factors affecting the effectiveness of the three technologies. Based on the existing research foundation, this paper proposes an innovative idea to build an intelligent modified atmosphere pest elimination system, focusing on the establishment of an accurate heat and mass transfer model for grain piles, the development of specialized sensors, and the realization of intelligent control of the modified atmosphere system. These green pest control technologies show significant advantages in the application of large-scale grain storage, which not only can effectively guarantee the quality and safety of grain storage but also have the potential to replace chemical fumigants such as phosphine. Through the construction of intelligent modified atmosphere pest control system, it is expected to realize the green and intelligent upgrade of pest control technology in large-scale grain storage, and provide sustainable technical support for modern grain storage.","author":[{"family":"Lin","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Xiaoping"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yuhao"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Guangfei"},{"family":"Ariyo","given":"Okaiyeto"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Shuanglin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Jinying"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Yiwei"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Chen"},{"family":"Li","given":"Dandan"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Hong‐wei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44462-025-00017-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44462-025-00017-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411133031","type":"article-journal","title":"CO2 Electroreduction Coupled with the Electrooxidation of Alcohols and Sugars to Formate: Review and Evaluation","abstract":"Formate is a significant chemical raw material widely used in medicine, agriculture, dyes, and energy storage. The electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to formate has become a hot topic in the context of CO2 capture and utilization, which is relatively mature and industrially applicable. Currently, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which is the counter process at the anode of the electroreduction of CO2 to formate, is the cause of high energy demand. Alternatively, electrooxidation of alcohols and sugars (mono‐ and polyols) can be implemented as anode processes to decrease the energy requirements and enable the possibility of generating value‐added products on both sides of the electrolysis cell. This article reviews the literature on CO2 electroreduction coupled with the electrooxidation of alcohols and sugars, with formate as a target product, and analyzes factors that influence their efficiency such as catalytic materials, electrolytes, and electrolyzer designs in the coupled configuration. Additionally, the current understanding of the economic and environmental feasibility of coupling these two reactions towards formate production and upscaling deployments will be analyzed. Finally, current challenges and possible future development directions towards implementation at scale are pointed out.","author":[{"family":"Jiang","given":"Chongyang"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhenlei"},{"family":"Deuss","given":"Peter"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Haifeng"},{"family":"Zeng","given":"Shaojuan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiangping"},{"family":"Morales","given":"Dulce"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cssc.202500478","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202500478","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412505111","type":"article-journal","title":"The Big Challenge: Reducing Global Emissions and Increasing Global GDP","abstract":"This analysis aims to establish a relationship between the population’s growth, the GDP growth, the energy consumption growth, and GHG emissions growth from 1950 to 2024 and, with data from this period, predict the global situation in 2050. In present days, the great trend is based on two premises: a) Anthropogenic activity causes excessive emissions of greenhouse gases, increasing the concentration of CO2 from 250 ppm at the beginning of the first industrial revolution to 425 ppm today. The exaggerated levels of carbon dioxide, methane, and others could not be sustained by the planet. Thus, social pressures led by environmentalists pose obstacles to using fossil fuels for electricity generation, heating, industrial production, transport (people and goods), use of forests for agricultural and livestock. b) However, human pressure for better living conditions opposes the barriers that try to prevent the increase in the use of energy from fossil fuels as a driver of wealth generation. The proposed and consensual path is the rapid replacement of fossil energies by renewable energies. This responsibility falls mainly on wind and solar energy. Biofuels are limited by the need to use the land for food, hydroelec-tricity is already almost fully used, and nuclear power generates very radio-active wastes. Wind and solar energy have a generation of 30% and 20%-25% of its installed power, while nuclear has 90%, coal 75%-80%, gas and oil 65%-70%, and hydro 45%-6o%. The difficulty of storing them (Solar and Eolic) in their primary state, the instability of generation, and the quality of the energy generated are strong obstacles for the use of these energies. These difficult renewable energies are needed to quickly meet aspirations for comfort and well-being, increasing the pressure on fossil energies in short-term actions in poor countries. This article explores the need to satisfy the desires of high percentages of populations who have the right to improve their living conditions and who, therefore, will exert pressure to continue using fossil energy sources, but the zero-carbon target must continue. How to succeed in this objective is the great challenge.","author":[{"family":"Santos","given":"Silverio"},{"family":"Carvalho","given":"Elias"},{"family":"Penin","given":"Carlos"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.26855/jepes.2024.12.005","URL":"https://doi.org/10.26855/jepes.2024.12.005","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7165793939","type":"article-journal","title":"The progress in solvent-based post-combustion CO2 capture in the last decade","abstract":"Carbon dioxide emissions present a significant obstacle to mitigating climate change. Carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS) technologies, in conjunction with renewable energy and enhanced energy efficiency, offer pathways to reduce emissions and achieve net-zero industrial production. However, many industrial processes remain reliant on fossil fuels, complicating decarbonisation efforts in sectors such as metallurgy and cement production. This article reviews research advancements in absorption-based CO₂ capture technologies from 2015 to 2025 and examines future directions for economically viable and sustainable solutions. Although traditional amine-based absorption processes have been widely implemented, they encounter challenges including high energy requirements for solvent regeneration, solvent degradation, and equipment corrosion. Over the past decade, extensive testing and piloting of advanced emission control and solvent management technologies with high capture rates have aimed to enhance operational predictability and reduce both degradation and costs. Additionally, research has focused on the development and management of new solvent systems, their performance, and CO₂ purity control. Recent efforts have also emphasized dynamic modeling, process control, and the critical role of high-quality experimental data from pilot and laboratory studies in model development.","author":[{"family":"Knuutila","given":"HK"},{"family":"Buvik","given":"Vanja"},{"family":"Moser","given":"Peter"},{"family":"Kvamsdal","given":"Hanne"},{"family":"Monteiro","given":"Juliana"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Eirik"},{"family":"Hoff","given":"Karl"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104706","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104706","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415985278","type":"article-journal","title":"Decoupling carbon emissions from power sector growth in Indonesia","abstract":"Abstract As a major emitter in Indonesia’s fossil fuel–dominated energy system, the electricity sector plays a pivotal role in driving the country’s low-carbon transition. Thus, this paper examined the decoupling status and driving factors of CO₂ emissions in Indonesia from 2001 to 2023 by developing a comprehensive framework that integrates the Tapio decoupling model with the LMDI decomposition technique. Strong decoupling occurred only in a few periods (e.g., 2008–2009, 2015–2016, 2017–2018), while most years exhibited either relative decoupling or no decoupling. Further analysis reveals that electricity output is the primary driver of carbon emission growth, while improvements in energy intensity are the most significant factor in reducing emissions. The contributions of power generation structure and energy mix to emission mitigation remain relatively modest, while the influence of emission factors is negligible. These findings underscore the urgent need for Indonesia to improve energy efficiency, accelerate renewable energy deployment, and establish a more stable and systematic decarbonization framework for its power sector.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Chen"},{"family":"Inamdar","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Al-Odaini","given":"Aiman"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s44274-025-00426-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44274-025-00426-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408743821","type":"article-journal","title":"Developing Financial Inclusion Strategies through Technology and Policy to Improve Energy Access for Underserved Communities","abstract":"Access to affordable and reliable energy remains a significant challenge for underserved communities, particularly in developing regions. Financial constraints, lack of investment, and inadequate policy frameworks hinder the widespread adoption of modern energy solutions. This paper explores the role of financial inclusion strategies, driven by technology and policy interventions, in improving energy access for marginalized populations. By integrating digital financial services, decentralized energy systems, and innovative policy measures, this study proposes a comprehensive framework to bridge the energy gap. The proposed framework focuses on leveraging financial technology (FinTech), mobile banking, and blockchain-based microfinancing to enhance accessibility to clean energy solutions. Digital payment platforms and mobile-based credit scoring models facilitate microloans for renewable energy adoption, empowering low-income households and small enterprises. Blockchain technology ensures transparency, security, and accountability in financial transactions, reducing the risks of fraud and inefficiencies in energy financing. Policy interventions play a crucial role in fostering financial inclusion and energy accessibility. Targeted subsidies, regulatory reforms, and public-private partnerships are essential for creating an enabling environment. Governments and financial institutions must collaborate to design policies that incentivize investment in decentralized energy projects, such as mini-grids and off-grid solar solutions. Additionally, carbon credit markets and green bonds can provide sustainable financing mechanisms for long-term energy development. A case study analysis highlights successful implementations of technology-driven financial inclusion models in regions with limited energy access. Results demonstrate that integrating mobile financial services and decentralized energy solutions leads to increased energy affordability, economic empowerment, and improved quality of life. The findings underscore the need for a multi-stakeholder approach, combining technological innovation, policy support, and community engagement to drive sustainable energy inclusion. This study contributes to the discourse on financial inclusion and energy sustainability by proposing a data-driven and policy-oriented approach. Future research should explore the scalability of digital financial services in emerging markets and the long-term impact of financial inclusion strategies on energy equity.","author":[{"family":"Chukwuma-Eke","given":"Ezinne"},{"family":"Ogunsola","given":"Olakojo"},{"family":"Isibor","given":"Ngozi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.32628/ijsrset25122147","URL":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrset25122147","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7150714255","type":"article-journal","title":"Advances in Self-Healing Ordinary Portland and Geopolymer Cement Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Mechanisms and Performance","abstract":"Stimuli-responsive polymers (SRPs) provide a promising path towards self-repair of cracks in cementitious materials. This review critically synthesizes SRP-based self-healing in Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and alkali-activated/geopolymer systems, based on polymers with moisture, pH, and thermo-responsive properties, including superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), hydrogels, shape memory polymers, and microcapsules. Literature that was published from 2000 to 2025 was screened from the major databases of information. More than one hundred and four relevant studies were chosen for comparative assessment. Quantitative performance indicators such as crack-closure efficiency, mechanical recovery, permeability reduction, and swelling behavior are used to investigate the reported healing performance and to understand the importance of differences in pore-solution chemistry of OPC and geopolymers on polymer activation and durability. The synthesis shows that the current evidence is mostly OPC-centric, while geopolymer applications are still limited in number and have not long-term tested for durability, standardized testing methods are unavailable, and the field-scale validation of these materials is lacking. Key research priorities are identified to facilitate durable polymer design and support more rapid translation of SRP-enabled self-healing systems to sustainable cementitious infrastructure.","author":[{"family":"Abbas","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Shariffa","given":"Khairul"},{"family":"Ramli","given":"Mohamad"},{"family":"Mohammed","given":"Ahmed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3151/jact.24.191","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3151/jact.24.191","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408344564","type":"article-journal","title":"Material needs for power-to-X systems for CO 2 utilization require a life cycle approach","abstract":", we identify critical materials needed for Power-to-X electrolyzers and analyze the impacts and risks of these materials' existing global supply chains. We then provide an overview of methodologies for Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA) that we encourage scientific communities to adopt early in the research process to evaluate the multidimensional socio-environmental impacts throughout a product's life cycle, from raw material extraction and processing to manufacturing, use, and end-of-life disposal. We advocate that life cycle thinking is crucial for the informed, just and ethical development of disruptive technologies and systems such as Power-to-X technologies.","author":[{"family":"Sahu","given":"Aloka"},{"family":"Rufford","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Saleem"},{"family":"Knibbe","given":"Ruth"},{"family":"Smart","given":"Simon"},{"family":"Jiao","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Bell","given":"Alexis"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiwang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d4sc07752k","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4sc07752k","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411457580","type":"article-journal","title":"Impact of High-Concentration Biofuels on Cylinder Lubricating Oil Performance in Low-Speed Two-Stroke Marine Diesel Engines","abstract":"With the implementation of the ISO 8217-2024 marine fuel standard, the use of high-concentration biofuels in ships has become viable. However, relatively few studies have been conducted on the effects of biofuels on cylinder lubrication performance in low-speed, two-stroke marine diesel engines. In this study, catering waste oil was blended with 180 cSt low-sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) to prepare biofuels with volume fractions of 24% (B24) and 50% (B50). These biofuels were evaluated in a MAN marine diesel engine under load conditions of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 90%. The experimental results showed that, at the same engine load, the use of B50 biofuel led to lower kinematic viscosity and oxidation degree of the cylinder residual oil, but higher total base number (TBN), nitration level, PQ index, and concentrations of wear elements (Fe, Cu, Cr, Mo). These results indicate that the wear of the cylinder liner–piston ring interface was more severe when using B50 biofuel than when using B24 biofuel. For the same type of fuel, as the engine load increased, the kinematic viscosity and TBN of the residual oil decreased, while the PQ index and the concentrations of Fe, Cu, Cr, and Mo increased, reflecting the aggravated wear severity. Ferrographic analysis further revealed that ferromagnetic wear particles in the oil mainly consisted of normal wear debris. When using B50 biodiesel, a small amount of fatigue wear particles were detected. These findings offer crucial insights for optimizing biofuel utilization and improving cylinder lubrication systems in marine engines.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Enrui"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Guichen"},{"family":"Li","given":"Qiuyu"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Saihao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/jmse13061189","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13061189","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406241850","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrating sustainability into procurement and supply chain processes in the energy sector","abstract":"Integrating sustainability into procurement and supply chain processes in the energy sector is increasingly vital for addressing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) concerns. This review examines how energy companies can incorporate sustainable practices into their procurement and supply chain operations to reduce carbon emissions, enhance resource efficiency, and promote ethical labor standards. Key strategies include the adoption of green procurement policies, which prioritize eco-friendly materials and suppliers with strong sustainability credentials. Energy companies are also focusing on reducing their carbon footprint through the optimization of logistics and the utilization of renewable energy sources within their supply chains. Furthermore, digital technologies like blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) are enabling better transparency and traceability, ensuring compliance with environmental regulations and fostering sustainable supplier relationships. These technologies also contribute to real-time monitoring of environmental impacts, helping companies to make data-driven decisions that align with their sustainability goals. Social sustainability, particularly regarding labor practices and community engagement, is gaining prominence as companies seek to align their operations with global human rights standards. Regulatory frameworks and stakeholder pressures are pushing for more stringent sustainability measures in the energy sector, driving companies to develop sustainable procurement policies that meet legal requirements and stakeholder expectations. Challenges in integrating sustainability include balancing cost-efficiency with green initiatives and navigating complex global supply chains, which require coordinated efforts across multiple suppliers and regions. However, companies that successfully integrate sustainability into their procurement and supply chain operations gain competitive advantages, including enhanced corporate reputation, improved stakeholder relations, and long-term operational resilience. The paper concludes that integrating sustainability into procurement and supply chain processes is a strategic imperative for the energy sector to meet global sustainability targets and secure future growth. Keywords: Sustainability, Procurement, Supply Chain, Energy Sector, Green Procurement, Carbon Footprint, Renewable Energy, ESG, Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, Transparency, Ethical Labor Standards, Regulatory Frameworks, Stakeholder Engagement, Competitive Advantage.","author":[{"family":"Onukwulu","given":"Ekene"},{"family":"Dienagha","given":"Ikiomoworio"},{"family":"Digitemie","given":"Wags"},{"family":"Egbumokei","given":"Peter"},{"family":"Oladipo","given":"Olusola"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.51594/gjabr.v3i1.68","URL":"https://doi.org/10.51594/gjabr.v3i1.68","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7119762809","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review of Steel Slag Carbonation: Mechanisms, Applications, and Sustainability Assessment","abstract":"Steel slag (SS), as a major solid waste of the steel industry, has CO2 sequestration potential due to its rich calcium and magnesium alkaline components. SS carbonation is a promising strategy gaining industrial traction to simultaneously treat industrial solid waste and greenhouse gases. This article firstly describes the properties of SS and summarizes the research progress of SS carbonation. The classification of mineral carbonation technology is introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The key factors affecting the SS carbonation are discussed. Then, the current industrial application status and life cycle assessment results are summarized. Finally, the conclusions are summarized, and the future research direction is proposed. Carbonation of SS can effectively fix CO2 and produce high-value-added products, realizing a win–win situation of environmental and economic benefits, which is of great significance to the green transformation of the steel industry and the realization of the “double carbon” goal.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Xinyue"},{"family":"Ai","given":"Xianbin"},{"family":"Que","given":"Zhigang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xiaoming"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zengqi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ma19020286","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020286","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413801178","type":"article-journal","title":"Decreased renal or cerebral oxygen saturation increases the risk of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury in adult patients: a prospective observational study","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between intraoperative decreased renal and cerebral oxygen saturation, as measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) in adults. METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted at Peking University International Hospital. Between November 2022 to August 2023, 101 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass were included. Renal and cerebral tissue oxygen saturation was continuously monitored during the operation using NIRS. RESULTS: The overall incidence of CSA-AKI was 27% (27/101), with a 4% incidence rate of requiring renal replacement therapy. The incidence of CSA-AKI was 57% (13/23) in patients with renal desaturation compared to 18% (14/78) in those without renal desaturation (P < 0.01). CSA-AKI occurred in 71% (12/17) of patients with cerebral desaturation compared to 18% (15/84) in those without cerebral desaturation (P < 0.01). The incidence of CSA-AKI was 100% (7/7) in patients with simultaneous renal and cerebral desaturation. Renal desaturation alone showed a sensitivity of 48%, while the combination of renal and cerebral desaturation demonstrated 100% specificity for predicting CSA-AKI. CONCLUSIONS: In adult patients, 27% experience CSA-AKI. Intraoperative renal or cerebral desaturation, as monitored by NIRS, is associated with a higher risk of CSA-AKI, with simultaneous renal and cerebral desaturation which yielded the highest specificity in predicting postoperative AKI. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study has been registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry number (ChiCTR2200065161, 30/10/2022).","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Hua"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yongjie"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Liu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Chunxia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12871-025-03296-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-025-03296-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7126092995","type":"article-journal","title":"Investigating the impact of the RENEW program on enhancing nurses’ resilience: a randomized controlled trial","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for COVID-19, was first identified in December 2019 and rapidly became a global pandemic. This health crisis placed unprecedented pressure on healthcare systems, and nurses, as frontline caregivers, bore the brunt of the psychological and physical toll. The burnout from this crisis highlighted the need to focus on nurses’ resilience. To evaluate the effectiveness of the RENEW online educational program in enhancing the resilience of nurses working at Imam Hassan (AS) Hospital in Bojnurd(The capital of North Khorasan Province in northeastern Iran). METHODS: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2023 with the participation of 86 nurses who had a resilience score of ≤ 75. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention (RENEW) or the control group. The RENEW program consisted of six weekly online educational sessions. Data were collected using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and were analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS: The average resilience score in the intervention group showed a significant increase after the program implementation and at the six-month follow-up compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The interaction effect between time and group was also significant (P = 0.019), indicating the sustained effectiveness of the RENEW program in improving resilience. CONCLUSION: The RENEW educational program significantly improved nurses’ resilience. These findings emphasize the importance of designing structured interventions tailored to nurses’ working conditions to enhance their mental health. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20240222061081N1). Registered on 19 May 2024.","author":[{"family":"Azizi","given":"Tooba"},{"family":"Nayeri","given":"Nahid"},{"family":"Jackson","given":"Alun"},{"family":"Bahramnezhad","given":"Fatemeh"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s40359-026-03967-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-026-03967-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416227234","type":"article-journal","title":"Atomic-level interpretable multimodal graph neural network for predicting carbon dioxide adsorption in metal-organic frameworks","abstract":"Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous crystalline materials with strong potential for CO₂ capture because their structures and chemistries are highly tunable. However, their vast compositional and structural search space hampers efficient prediction of adsorption performance. Here we introduce MMAGNN, a multimodal MOF adsorption graph neural network that integrates graph representations and three-dimensional atomic coordinates. MMAGNN employs graph neural networks (GNNs) with attention mechanisms to extract and fuse molecular and spatial features, and incorporates a Transformer-based interpreter to quantify the contribution of individual atoms to adsorption. We find that the multimodal design reduces redundant information and feature interference, improving prediction accuracy and stability. Validation against adsorption density distributions confirms that MMAGNN learns interatomic interactions and pore-structure information and accurately predicts CO₂ adsorption sites. This interpretable framework provides high-throughput screening and rational design of high-performance MOFs for carbon-capture applications. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous crystalline materials with tunable chemistry and pores, making them promising for CO₂ capture. This work introduces the Multimodal MOF Adsorption Graph Neural Network, fusing atomic graphs and 3D point clouds to predict CO₂ adsorption and produce atom-level attention maps highlighting adsorption sites.","author":[{"family":"Teng","given":"Yukun"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Haoyi"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Shan","given":"Guangcun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s42005-025-02399-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02399-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412932239","type":"article-journal","title":"Direct Air Capture Using Pyrolysis and Gasification Chars: Key Findings and Future Research Needs","abstract":"Direct Air Capture (DAC) is gaining worldwide attention as a negative emissions strategy critical to meeting climate targets. Among emerging DAC materials, pyrolysis chars (PCs) and gasification chars (GCs) derived from biomass present a promising pathway due to their tunable porosity, surface chemistry, and low-cost feedstocks. This review critically examines the current state of research on the physicochemical properties of PCs and GCs relevant to CO2 adsorption, including surface area, pore structure, surface functionality and aromaticity. Comparative analyses show that chemical activation, especially with KOH, can significantly improve CO2 adsorption capacity, with some PCs achieving more than 308 mg/g (100 kPa CO2, 25 °C). Additionally, nitrogen and sulfur doping further improves the affinity for CO2 through increased surface basicity. GCs, although inherently more porous, often require additional modification to achieve a similar adsorption capacity. Importantly, the long-term stability and regeneration potential of these chars remain underexplored, but are essential for practical DAC applications and economic viability. The paper identifies critical research gaps related to material design and techno-economic feasibility. Future directions emphasize the need for integrated multiscale research that bridges material science, process optimization, and real-world DAC deployment. A synthesis of findings and a research outlook are provided to support the advancement of carbon-negative technologies using thermochemically derived biomass chars.","author":[{"family":"Jerzak","given":"Wojciech"},{"family":"Li","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Dennys"},{"family":"Cruz","given":"Glauber"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18154120","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18154120","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412105856","type":"article-journal","title":"Knee Osteoarthritis Detection and Classification Using Autoencoders and Extreme Learning Machines","abstract":"Background/Objectives: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent disorder affecting both older adults and younger individuals, leading to compromised joint function and mobility. Early and accurate detection is critical for effective intervention, as treatment options become increasingly limited as the disease progresses. Traditional diagnostic methods rely heavily on the expertise of physicians and are susceptible to errors. The demand for utilizing deep learning models in order to automate and improve the accuracy of KOA image classification has been increasing. In this research, a unique deep learning model is presented that employs autoencoders as the primary mechanism for feature extraction, providing a robust solution for KOA classification. Methods: The proposed model differentiates between KOA-positive and KOA-negative images and categorizes the disease into its primary severity levels. Levels of severity range from “healthy knees” (0) to “severe KOA” (4). Symptoms range from typical joint structures to significant joint damage, such as bone spur growth, joint space narrowing, and bone deformation. Two experiments were conducted using different datasets to validate the efficacy of the proposed model. Results: The first experiment used the autoencoder for feature extraction and classification, which reported an accuracy of 96.68%. Another experiment using autoencoders for feature extraction and Extreme Learning Machines for actual classification resulted in an even higher accuracy value of 98.6%. To test the generalizability of the Knee-DNS system, we utilized the Butterfly iQ+ IoT device for image acquisition and Google Colab’s cloud computing services for data processing. Conclusions: This work represents a pioneering application of autoencoder-based deep learning models in the domain of KOA classification, achieving remarkable accuracy and robustness.","author":[{"family":"Amjad","given":"Jarrar"},{"family":"Sajid","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Amjad","given":"Ammar"},{"family":"Hamid","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Youssef","given":"Ayman"},{"family":"Sharif","given":"Muhammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ai6070151","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ai6070151","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409701614","type":"article-journal","title":"Patient profile, evolution and prognosis of patients admitted to a coronary unit requiring invasive mechanical ventilation","abstract":"Abstract Introduction Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is one of the most used life support techniques in critically ill patients and, given that there are more and more Coronary Care Units (CCU), precise management of it is necessary. Purpose The objective of our study is to describe the baseline and admission characteristics of patients who require IVM in a CCU, as well as the characteristics of ventilation, complications and in-hospital mortality. Methods Single-center retrospective observational study of a cohort of patients admitted to the CCU of a tertiary hospital between January 2018 and March 2024 who required IMV. Baseline characteristics, reason for admission and intubation, as well as evolution and complications during admission were registered. Results A total of 349 patients were included, 246 of them (70.5%) male. The mean age was 67.6 years (SD 12.4). Image 1 summarizes the baseline characteristics of the patients and Image 2 shows the reasons for admission. Regarding the causes of orotracheal intubation (OTI), the most frequent was cardiac arrest (56.2%), followed by respiratory failure (28.9%) and cardiogenic shock (14.9%). Regarding the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at admission, 67.4% had a depressed LVEF, corresponding to 31.8% of the total with a severely depressed LVEF (<30%). The most used ventilation mode initially was the volume-controlled mode (VC/AC), used in 68.2% of patients. The mean number of days in the CCU was 10.49 (minimum 1-maximum 78, SD 10.19) and IOT was 5.36 days (minimum 1-max 64, SD 6.7). The average days to weaning from IMV were 1.84 (min 0-max 16, SD 2.31). Extubation failure occurred in 65 patients (20.3%), with the most frequent reasons being the need for reintubation (9.5%), the need for non-invasive MV (8%) and self-extubation (1,1%). 20 patients (5.7%) required tracheostomy. Regarding complications, 30.1% suffered sepsis, 60.7% suffered cardiogenic shock, and 6.6% required renal replacement therapy. In-hospital mortality was 45.3% (158 patients). Conclusions VMI is an increasingly common technique as the complexity of CCU increases. Patients who require it are usually in a critical situation, in addition to having multiple pathologies. The most common reason for IMV in our unit was cardiac arrest, and a high percentage of patients suffered from cardiogenic shock during admission. These patients will have prolonged stays, frequent complications and high in-hospital mortality. Our series contains a high number of patients, which may be of great interest to draw conclusions about this population.","author":[{"family":"Mera","given":"AC"},{"family":"Monino","given":"DFA"},{"family":"Andreu","given":"PM"},{"family":"Rivadeneira-Ruiz","given":"María"},{"family":"Garcıa-Rubira","given":"Juan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ehjacc/zuaf044.148","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjacc/zuaf044.148","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408357423","type":"article-journal","title":"Prevalence of Short-Term Mortality and Assessment of Risk Factors of Unstable Angina and Non-ST-Elevation MI in Patients Admitted at CCU of PMCH Nawabshah","abstract":"Objective: To determine the short term mortality and risk factors in patients withunstable Angina and non-ST elevation Myocardial Infarction at Cardiologydepartment PUMHS Nawabshah (SBA).Method: A cross sectional study was conducted at cardiology department PUMHSNawabshah from June 2023 to Dec 2023. Acute coronary syndrome patients withunstable angina and non ST elevation myocardial infarction, either age and genderwere included. Detailed clinical history along with thorough clinical examination wasdone. Socio demographic details, mortality and risk factors were noted by researcherthrough predesigned Performa. Findings of ECG, laboratory investigations like thepresence of troponin, serum cardiac biomarkers were collected .Data was entered andanalyzed by SPSS version 25, association was confirmed with chi square test at 95%confidence interval.Results: - The study results shows that 3.3% patients having the age group 15-25years,13.3% patients between 26-40 years,36.6% patients between 41-55,46.6%patients came at the age of 56-80 years. Males were 70% and females were 30%. Thecurrent study reveals the risk factors associated with UA/NSTEMI were ashypertension in 46% patients, 41% were smokers, and DM was noted in 46.3%.Hyperlipidemia 49%, positive family history 24.7%, past history of coronary arterydisease in 20%, and renal insufficiency was found in 1% of patients. The complicationrate was 41.5%, 29.6% patients developed left ventricular failure and Arrhythmia in3.3% patients. Renal dysfunction was seen in 1% and 7.6% patients were expired.Conclusion: Left ventricular failure was found highly prevalent and the mortalityrate was observed 7.6%. DM, old Age, hypertension, smoking and dyslipidemiawere recorded as the most common risk factors.Keywords: - Silent ischemia, Un-Stable Angina, Smoking, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia.","author":[{"family":"Ayoub","given":"Attia"},{"family":"Rahu","given":"Qurban"},{"family":"Fareed","given":"Ghulam"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Jagdesh"},{"family":"Soomro","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Mangi","given":"Riaz"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.48036/apims.v21i1.1166","URL":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v21i1.1166","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408220645","type":"article-journal","title":"Industrial scale biogas reforming modelling and validation","abstract":"This study investigates the industrial data from a biogas reforming plant for data reconciliation (DR) and process modelling to enhance syngas production. With biogas emerging as a vital renewable feedstock, effective data management and optimization strategies are essential for advancing sustainable chemical synthesis. In this work, we assess plant data quality from a demo-scale biogas steam reforming unit (BSR), identifying bias and control loop inconsistencies that impact measurement reliability. Among the outlier methods implemented, Isolation Forest (IF) achieves a 93% raw data variance reduction, simultaneously isolating anomalies and detecting steady states. Further analysis of the steam-to-carbon (SC) ratio reveals a control loop error, increasing confidence in output measured variables. A DR problem is then solved, enabling closure of the mass balance, with a 4% adjustment of input mass flowrates, highlighting process data discrepancies. Considering the reconciled data, a catalytic tube model is applied to predict BSR product distribution and ensure thermodynamic equilibrium. A Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis shows the importance of methane tenor in biogas and input temperature for optimal reactor performance. The syngas quality, defined by the hydrogen and carbon content, experimental results highlight the potential for enhanced syngas efficiency, particularly for fuel synthesis applications, requiring a stoichiometric ratio of 2. This methodology establishes a framework for improving biogas plant reforming operations, offering a foundation for control strategy advancement and future process optimization. • The results from the operation of a biogas steam reformer are provided. • Outliers detection methods are applied to identify nominal steady-state data. • An extensive data reconciliation procedure is applied to obtain significant process data. • The reconciled data are used to validate the developed process model. • The combination of experimental and modelling data are used for further optimization of the unit.","author":[{"family":"Salano","given":"Loretta"},{"family":"Vallerio","given":"Mattia"},{"family":"Moioli","given":"Emanuele"},{"family":"Manenti","given":"Flavio"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160871","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160871","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416921416","type":"article-journal","title":"Ultrasound‐Assisted Capture of CO 2 From Flue Gas Using Steel Slag Leachate and Synthesis of Vaterite‐Type CaCO 3","abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigated the sequestration of CO 2 from flue gas using a Ca‐rich leachate obtained by leaching steel slag with CH 3 COOH. Ultrasound was used to accelerate the fixation of low‐concentration CO 2 in the leachate and to induce the transformation of CaCO 3 crystals into the vaterite form with a uniform particle distribution. Ultrasound‐induced cavitation bubbles in ethanol reduced the nucleation barrier and prevented clustering by maintaining a uniform dispersion of vaterite CaCO 3 crystals, which impeded their conversion to other CaCO 3 polymorphs. Experimental results revealed that ultrasonic action could effectively fix low‐concentration CO 2 in the leachate reaction system. Moreover, the addition of ethanol as a surfactant yielded vaterite CaCO 3 with an average particle size of 3.2 μm and uniform granularity of 1.4–5.6 μm. This product meets the industrial standards for light CaCO 3 micropowder, which makes it suitable for various applications as a filling material. The proposed method presents a sustainable approach for the valorization of steel slag and low‐concentration CO 2 from flue gas, and it highlights the potential of ultrasonic technology to improve the chemical processes required for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage technologies.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Lincheng"},{"family":"Gan","given":"Min"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Xiaohui"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Shuize"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Zitan"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Zengqing"},{"family":"Ji","given":"Zhiyun"},{"family":"Ng","given":"Ben"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/csc3.70006","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc3.70006","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409445601","type":"article-journal","title":"Screening and Evaluation of CO2 Thickening Agents Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation Technology","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide CO 2 is one of the main methods for improving recovery. The low viscosity and density of CO 2 lead to issues such as viscous fingering and gravitational override during the displacement process, which can cause gas channeling and premature breakthrough in reservoirs. These problems severely affect sweep and displacement efficiencies, thereby reducing the recovery of CO 2 flooding. Addressing the challenge of increasing CO 2 viscosity to mitigate these issues is crucial for improving CO 2 flooding technology. This study conducts a feasibility analysis on the use of polymers to enhance the viscosity of CO 2 through molecular dynamics simulations. Models of five CO 2 + polymer systems (P-1-D, PVEE, PVAEE, Piso-BVE, and four-armed PVAc) were established. The results indicate that the presence of functional groups such as ether, acetate, and ester in the polymers enhances intermolecular interactions, which restricts the free movement of CO 2 molecules and significantly reduces intermolecular forces among them. This results in an increase in CO2 viscosity. Among the polymers, the four-armed PVAc increases the viscosity of the supercritical CO 2 system by 5.29 times, although it has the poorest solubility. In comparison, P-1-D increases the viscosity by 4.75 times while exhibiting moderate solubility.","author":[{"family":"Dong","given":"Zhenzhen"},{"family":"Hou","given":"Tong"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Shuiqing"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Zhaoxia"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Chenhong"},{"family":"Li","given":"Weirong"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Keze"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.4c10846","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c10846","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411159940","type":"article-journal","title":"Isotherms, Thermodynamics and Regeneration Studies of CO2 Adsorption on Activated Carbon Impregnated With Waste‐Sourced Natural Amino Acids","abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigated the CO2 adsorption isotherms, thermodynamic properties and regeneration efficiency of palm shell activated carbon (AC) impregnated with waste‐sourced natural amino acids from egg white (EW), namely, ACEW‐30. Initially, the performance of ACEW‐30 was compared with AC impregnated with fresh EW and synthetic amino acids using fixed‐bed adsorption system. The results revealed that ACEW‐30 prepared from waste sources demonstrated comparable performance with other adsorbents tested, suggesting its potential for waste valorisation. Afterwards, the data were fitted to various adsorption isotherm models, namely, Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips, Toth, Dubinin–Radushkevich and Temkin, to characterise the adsorbate‐adsorbent interaction between CO2 molecules and ACEW‐30 at different adsorption temperatures (25–50°C) and CO2 partial pressures (0.15–0.30 vol.%). The isotherm results were used to evaluate thermodynamic properties using Van't Hoff and Clausius–Clapeyron equations. The effect of regeneration conditions (desorption temperatures and nitrogen purging flow rate) have also been investigated prior to cyclic adsorption–desorption experiments. Overall findings indicate that CO2 adsorption on ACEW‐30 was best fitted to Freundlich isotherm, spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The isosteric heat of adsorption was within 20–24 kJ/mol, suggesting that the adsorption mechanism lies within the intermediate region between purely physical and purely chemical. Remarkably, the results obtained from regeneration studies reveal that ACEW‐30 exhibited high regeneration stability at 25°C and 800 mL/min purging flow rate, with more than 87% efficiency even after 20 cyclic adsorption–desorption.","author":[{"family":"Hatta","given":"Nur"},{"family":"Hussin","given":"Farihahusnah"},{"family":"Gew","given":"Lai"},{"family":"Aroua","given":"Mohamed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ghg.2354","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2354","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7141500200","type":"article-journal","title":"Microscopic-scale modeling of CO₂ sequestration and enhanced oil recovery: Methods, mechanisms, and challenges","abstract":"Tackling climate change urgently demands innovative carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) strategies. CO2-enhanced oil recovery (EOR) serves a dual purpose by enhancing decarbonization and energy security. Optimizing these technologies requires understanding microscopic mechanisms-adsorption, mineralization, wettability alteration, and multiphase transport-that control reservoir-scale behavior. This review synthesizes advances in computational tools-molecular dynamics (MD), density functional theory (DFT), deep learning (DL), and Monte Carlo (MC) methods-used to unravel these complex interactions. MD resolves nanoconfined fluid dynamics and interfacial phenomena under reservoir conditions, while DFT provides quantum-level insights into adsorption energetics and reaction pathways at mineral-fluid interfaces. DL enables rapid property prediction, inverse material design, and surrogate modeling, and MC efficiently predicts thermodynamic equilibria in nanoporous media. Collectively, these tools bridge atomic scale chemistry to pore-scale phenomena, predicting CO2 trapping, mineralization, and hydrocarbon displacement. Integrating these approaches overcomes individual limitations, enabling high-fidelity modeling from atomic bonds to pore-scale transport. Key challenges persist, however: bridging time scales from femtoseconds to field operations; addressing data scarcity in heterogeneous geological systems; and reconciling simulations with macroscopic observations. Emerging solutions involve ML-based interatomic potentials, adaptive sampling, and exascale computing for billion-atom mesoscale models. The future of CO2-EOR and sequestration lies in tightly coupled frameworks integrating molecular simulations, reactive transport models, and real-time field data. Field projects provide essential validation benchmarks, while community databases and federated learning enhance model generalizability. Ultimately, model-guided experimental design, informed by DL-predicted materials and MD-derived fluid behavior, will accelerate robust, scalable, permanent CCUS and EOR strategies. Document Type: Invited review Cited as: Yang, Y., Wang, D., He, S., Zhu, C., Lau, D., Zhang, T., Gong, L. Microscopic-scale modeling of CO2 sequestration and enhanced oil recovery: Methods, mechanisms, and challenges. Computational Energy Science, 2025, 2(1): 10-16. https://doi.org/10.46690/compes.2025.01.03 References Allen, M. P., Tildesley, D. J. Computer simulation of liquids. Oxford, UK, Oxford University Press, 1987. Andreeva, A., Afanasyev, A. Monte carlo simulation of the CO2 flooding efficiency at a core scale for different oil compositions. Energies, 2024, 17(10): 2259. Burke, K., Wagner, L. O. DFT in a nutshell. International Journal of Quantum Chemistry, 2013, 113(2): 96-101. Camacho Vergara, E. L., Kontogeorgis, G. M., Liang, X. Gas adsorption and interfacial tension with classical density functional theory. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2019, 58(14): 5650-5664. Chen, S., Liu, J., Zhang, Q., et al. A critical review on deployment planning and risk analysis of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) toward carbon neutrality. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2022, 167: 112537. Du, X., Salasakar, S., Thakur, G. A comprehensive summary of the application of machine learning techniques for CO2-enhanced oil recovery projects. Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction, 2024, 6(2): 917-943. Diez, J. V. Sampling from molecular unnormalized distributions with deep generative models toward the acceleration of molecular design and conformational sampling with deep learning. Gothenburg, Sweden, Chalmers Tekniska Hogskola, 2024. Dehghani, M. R., Ghazi, S. F., Kazemzadeh, Y. Interfacial tension and wettability alteration during hydrogen and carbon dioxide storage in depleted gas reservoirs. Scien tific reports, 2024, 14(1): 11594. Frenkel, D., Smit, B. Understanding molecular simulation: From algorithms to applications. Amster","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Duxue"},{"family":"He","given":"Shengpeng"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Chuanyong"},{"family":"Lau","given":"Denvid"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Gong","given":"Liang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.46690/compes.2025.01.03","URL":"https://doi.org/10.46690/compes.2025.01.03","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412164392","type":"article-journal","title":"Dual-LLM Integration With Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface for Healthcare Networks","abstract":"The increasing complexity of real-time healthcare necessitates intelligent systems for dynamic data management and personalized assistance. This paper proposes a novel dual-LLM framework that integrates large language models (LLMs) into wireless healthcare networks. The first LLM powers an interactive artificial intelligence module (IAIM) embedded within a mobile edge computing (MEC) environment, which dynamically optimizes user-specific data routing and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) configurations via a modified proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm. A novel Greedy Look-Ahead Algorithm (GLAA) is introduced for real-time path selection based on signal strength, emergency factors, and user-specific parameters. The second LLM, utilizing a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) approach, serves as a personalized healthcare chat assistant that delivers context-aware patient support using real-time and historical data. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IAIM achieves a 9.6% reduction in network overhead compared to manual modeling and reduces latency by up to 52.5% over baseline PPO approaches, thus enabling enhanced user experience and responsiveness in healthcare systems.","author":[{"family":"Kurma","given":"Sravani"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Keshav"},{"family":"Paul","given":"Anal"},{"family":"Mumtaz","given":"Shahid"},{"family":"Li","given":"Chih–peng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109/tcomm.2025.3587065","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2025.3587065","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411583386","type":"article-journal","title":"In situ high-resolution cryo-EM reconstructions from CEMOVIS","abstract":"Cryo-electron microscopy can be used to image cells and tissue at high resolution. To ensure electron transparency, the sample thickness must not exceed 500 nm. Focused-ion-beam (FIB) milling has become the standard method for preparing thin samples (lamellae); however, the material removed by the milling process is lost, the imageable area is usually limited to a few square micrometres and the surface layers sustain damage from the ion beam. We have examined cryo-electron microscopy of vitreous sections (CEMOVIS), a technique based on cutting thin sections with a knife, as an alternative to FIB milling. Vitreous sections also sustain damage, including compression, shearing and cracks. However, samples can be sectioned in series, producing many orders of magnitude more imageable area compared to lamellae, making CEMOVIS an alternative to FIB milling with distinct advantages. Using two-dimensional template matching on images of vitreous sections of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, we reconstructed the 60S ribosomal subunit at near-atomic resolution, demonstrating that, in many regions of the sections, the molecular structure of these subunits is largely intact, comparable to FIB-milled lamellae.","author":[{"family":"Elferich","given":"Johannes"},{"family":"Kaminek","given":"Marek"},{"family":"Kong","given":"Lingli"},{"family":"Odriozola","given":"Adolfo"},{"family":"Kukulski","given":"Wanda"},{"family":"Zuber","given":"Benoît"},{"family":"Grigorieff","given":"Nikolaus"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1107/s2052252525005196","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1107/s2052252525005196","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414573133","type":"article-journal","title":"Metabolic interactions drive microbial community succession and functional expression of Nongxiangxing (Strong-flavor) daqu","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Nongxiangxing daqu is a wheat-based fermentation starter used in the production of Baijiu (a traditional Chinese distilled spirit), whose fermentation process during storage directly affects its quality. However, the dynamics of microbial succession and metabolism during daqu storage, particularly the functional contributions of specific microorganisms to enzyme formation and their metabolic interactions, remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the temporal dynamics of microbial community structure, function, and enzymatic activity in daqu during storage, with a focus on metabolic interactions such as cross-feeding and metabolic division of labor (MDOL). METHODS: Metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses were integrated to profile microbial taxa, functional genes, and protein expression across storage time points. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) linked gene modules to storage time. Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) were constructed to infer metabolic interaction networks among microbes. RESULTS: Paecilomyces variotii, Rasamsonia emersonii, Rhizopus microsporus, Rhizopus delemar, Kroppenstedtia eburnea, and Weissella confusa were dominant species. In total, 14,588 protein groups were identified, including 6,801 enzymes enriched in carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism. Glucosidase activity was primarily attributed to Rasamsonia, Thermoascus, Aspergillus, Thermomyces, and Paecilomyces. Functional genes and enzymes declined sharply after month 1, reached a nadir at month 3, and partially rebounded by month 4. WGCNA identified 16 gene modules associated with storage (maximum r = 0.97, P < 0.01). Cross-feeding patterns were identified among Weissella confusa, Kroppenstedtia eburnea, Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula, and Enterobacteriaceae. The MDOL model revealed cooperative metabolic roles among Actinomycetota, Bacillota, Ascomycota, and Mucoromycota in converting raw materials into flavor compounds. CONCLUSION: These findings improve the understanding of microecological dynamics during daqu storage and provide a theoretical basis for regulating and optimizing the fermentation process during the storage period.","author":[{"family":"Ma","given":"Shiyuan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Cong"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Ping"},{"family":"Tu","given":"Rongkun"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xiaogang"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Rongqing"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Chongde"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.052","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.09.052","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411905857","type":"article-journal","title":"Towards enhancing palliative care competencies through comprehensive training for nurses and physicians in resource-limited settings: a cross-sectional study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Despite the crucial role of palliative care (PC) in enhancing the quality of life for patients with life-threatening illnesses and their caregivers, access remains limited, particularly in resource-limited settings. Only 12% of terminally ill patients receive PC in these areas. In Palestine, where cancer is the third leading cause of death, PC services are still emerging. This study aims to address the gap in understanding healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding PC in Palestinian oncology hospitals, aiming to inform policy development for integrating comprehensive PC into the healthcare system. METHODS: This prospective, cross-sectional, correlational quantitative study assessed the KAP of Palestinian physicians and nurses toward PC. Data were collected between December 2021 and January 2022 from seven oncology hospitals in the West Bank using a validated questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS.28, involved descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, independent t-tests, chi-square, and Pearson correlation to identify significant relationships between subgroups. RESULTS: Out of 181 responses, 168 were analyzed. Participants had a mean age of 32.2 years and an average of 8.23 years of experience. Males represented 64.3% of the sample, and 75% were nurses. Only 24.4% had received PC training. Knowledge scores averaged 78.19% (14.86 out of 19), while attitudes toward terminally ill patients had a mean score of 83.4% (64.32 out of 80). Practice scores averaged 70.67% (38.87 out of 55), with significant associations found between practice scores and variables such as department, hospital type, and training. Notably, knowledge was positively associated with age and experience, and attitude scores were linked to training and department. A significant positive relationship was observed between knowledge and attitude and between attitude and practice, but not between knowledge and practice. CONCLUSION: There is a critical need for enhanced PC training programs in Palestine to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice. Policymakers should prioritize these training initiatives and further research to identify specific domains requiring attention. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.","author":[{"family":"Alhaddar","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Falna","given":"Heba"},{"family":"Sultan","given":"Haya"},{"family":"Abuodah","given":"Hammoda"},{"family":"Khleif","given":"Mohamad"},{"family":"Najjar","given":"Shahenaz"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12912-025-03412-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03412-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415699686","type":"article-journal","title":"Investigation of the CO2 adsorption isotherms on activated carbon by statistical physics treatment","abstract":"The aim of this paper was to study CO2 adsorption on the activated carbon (AC) prepared from olive waste. The AC was characterized via X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and N2 adsorption-desorption. The adsorption isotherms were measured at various temperatures, namely, 298 K, 308 K, and 318 K. Based on the experimental result, a new model was generated and evaluated by means of a multilayer model with saturation. The physicochemical properties that characterize the CO2 adsorption mechanism have been established using a physical statistical approach. The parameters which characterize the CO2 adsorption isotherm, such as the number of carbon dioxide molecules per site (n), the receptor site densities $$\\:\\left({D}_{m}\\right)\\:$$ , and the energetic parameters (ΔE1, ΔE2) were studied. In addition, thermodynamic functions such as internal energy (Eint) and Gibbs free energy (G), were established using a physics model. Thus, the obtained results indicated that the CO2 adsorption on the AC was exothermic and physisorption in nature. Furthermore, the results achieved with this model can be used to design and optimize an adsorption unit for CO2 capture.","author":[{"family":"Bouzgarrou","given":"Souhail"},{"family":"Jedli","given":"Hedi"},{"family":"Hassani","given":"Rym"},{"family":"Sabi","given":"Ehab"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Afzal"},{"family":"Slimi","given":"Khalifa"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-16088-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16088-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7116685893","type":"article-journal","title":"A Polycondensation–depolymerization strategy enables closed-loop recyclable polyoxalates via ring-opening polymerization of six-membered cyclic oxalates","abstract":"Developing a simple and efficient strategy for the scalable production of closed-loop recyclable polymers from abundant and low-cost feedstocks remains highly desirable. Here, we present a facile \"polycondensation-depolymerization\" approach for the large-scale synthesis of cyclic 1,2-alkylene oxalates, which undergo controlled ring-opening polymerization to yield high-molecular-weight polyoxalates. The influence of alkyl substituents on the polymerization kinetics, thermodynamics, and material properties was systematically investigated. Remarkably, these polyoxalates can be chemically recycled to their pristine monomers with high purity and yield using sodium glycolate as a catalyst. Furthermore, the polyoxalates exhibit excellent marine degradability, providing a promising strategy to tailor the seawater degradation behavior of polyesters through copolymerization.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"YA"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zheng"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Dongfang"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhibo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5sc08361c","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sc08361c","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410817864","type":"article-journal","title":"Research on the Diffusion of Green Energy Technological Innovation from the Perspective of International Cooperation","abstract":"The diffusion of green energy technological innovation based on international green energy cooperation is a critical pathway to achieving global low-carbon emission reductions. However, few studies have considered the innovation diffusion pathways of green energy technologies under bilateral policy uncertainties. This paper constructs an evolutionary game model for the diffusion of green energy technological innovation in a complex network environment, with a focus on analyzing the impacts of key parameters such as policy spillover effects, technological heterogeneity, technical leakage risks, and free-riding risks on the equilibrium outcomes of evolutionary strategies. The results of the study are as follows: (1) Technological synergy and technological heterogeneity have a significant role in promoting the diffusion of green energy technological innovation, but when technological heterogeneity is too high, it is difficult for the two parties to find more common interests and areas of technological interaction, and the cooperative innovation will be turned into an empty shell that has a name but no reality. (2) Policy uncertainty has a significant impact on the diffusion of green energy technology innovation, and the specific impact depends on the type of policy, policy intensity, policy spillover effects, and other key parameters. (3) The risk of technological obsolescence has prompted countries to deeply participate in green energy international cooperation to realize the “curved road overtaking” of green energy technology based on technological locking and latecomer advantages; due to the existence of the phenomenon of “free-riding”, the logic of value creation based on win–win cooperation is replaced by the opportunism of “enjoying the benefits”, and cooperative innovation may be turned into a one-time “handshake agreement”. The existence of the risk of technology leakage can turn collaborative innovation into a “witch hunt” by the underdog against the overdog, and the diffusion process of green energy technology innovation is led in the wrong direction.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xinping"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18112816","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112816","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414308311","type":"article-journal","title":"Strategic dynamics in hydrogen deployment: A game-theoretical review of competition, cooperation, and coopetition","abstract":"As hydrogen products emerge as a promising energy alternative in multiple sectors, low carbon hydrogen supply chains require concerted efforts among a diverse array of stakeholders. Within an evolving energy transition landscape, stakeholders' competition and cooperation play a critical role in expediting the deployment of the hydrogen economy. In this review, different strategies referred to as Hydrogen Competition, Cooperation, and Coopetition (H2CCC) dynamics are analyzed from the lenses of game theory. The study employs hybrid literature review methodology, integrating both bibliometric and structured review approaches. The study reveals that competition and cooperation represent a contrasting but interconnected dynamics that drive the energy transition. Coopetition models are less common. Furthermore, it is observed that Integrated Energy Systems are mainly used in cooperative and coopetitive approaches while H 2 technologies and Hydrogen Supply Chains are more explored in competitive approaches. Industrial and mobility sectors are present in H2CCC dynamics with technological players more present than institutional entities. Maps, definitions, gaps and perspectives are developed. These insights may be valuable for policymakers, industry stakeholders, modelers, and researchers. There remains a need for further empirical H2CCC case studies and applications of pure coopetitive games.","author":[{"family":"Arthur","given":"Emmanuel"},{"family":"Almaraz","given":"Sofía"},{"family":"Solymosi","given":"Tamás"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116293","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.116293","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416291546","type":"article-journal","title":"ESG performance, digital transformation, and green innovation","abstract":"Amid growing environmental challenges, enhancing Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance is vital for sustainable development. In China’s economic transformation, strengthened environmental regulations require greater corporate responsibility for carbon reduction and energy conservation. Using data from Chinese A-share listed firms (2014–2023), this study explores how green innovation influences corporate ESG performance and its underlying mechanisms. The results reveal that green innovation has a significant impact on ESG performance, with digital transformation acting as a partial mediator. In addition, executive green perceptions strengthen this relationship, while public emergencies weaken it. The positive effect of green innovation is more pronounced in Eastern regions, state-owned firms, non-growth enterprises, heavy-polluting industries, and the manufacturing sector. These findings suggest that firms should prioritize green innovation and digital transformation as strategic levers, while policymakers should implement targeted, region- and industry-specific incentives to support sustainable development.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Sameer"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Huiqing"},{"family":"Li","given":"Shun"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Ziyun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1057/s41599-025-06027-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-06027-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406459979","type":"article-journal","title":"A human oral commensal-mediated protection against Sjögren’s syndrome with maintenance of T cell immune homeostasis and improved oral microbiota","abstract":"Abstract Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a prevalent systemic autoimmune disease with substantial impacts on women’s health worldwide. Although oral Haemophilus parainfluenzae is reduced in SS, its significance remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the pathophysiological role of H. parainfluenzae in SS. Reduced salivary H. parainfluenzae levels in SS patients were confirmed through quantitative PCR. Oral H. parainfluenzae inoculation in NOD mice alleviated focal sialadenitis, improved salivary function, and reduced IFN-γ + CD3 + and IFN-γ + CD8 + T cells in salivary gland-draining lymph nodes, maintaining immune homeostasis against a biased type 1 response. Inoculation also enhanced salivary microbiota diversity, balanced the Firmicutes-to-Proteobacteria ratio, and reduced the overwhelming presence of Pseudomonas mendocina . In vitro, H. parainfluenzae -preconditioned A253 cells limited CD8 T cell expansion with reduced IFN-γ production. These findings suggest that H. parainfluenzae improves oral microbial diversity, promotes homeostatic T-cell immunity, and protects against SS, supporting its potential as a next-generation probiotic.","author":[{"family":"Tseng","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Liao","given":"Kai‐sheng"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Wei‐ting"},{"family":"Li","given":"Chin"},{"family":"Chang","given":"Chia"},{"family":"Hsu","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Chan","given":"Chin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Chun‐ming"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Hon"},{"family":"Chien","given":"Hsiu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jann‐tay"},{"family":"Hsieh","given":"Song‐chou"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Shu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41522-025-00654-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-025-00654-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408696256","type":"article-journal","title":"A low-temperature, one-step synthesis for monazite can transform monazite into a readily usable advanced nuclear waste form","abstract":"It has been demonstrated that monazite-type materials are excellent candidates for nuclear waste forms, and hence, their facile synthesis is of great importance for the needed sequestration of existing nuclear waste. The synthesis of monazite, LaPO 4 , requires inconveniently high temperatures near 1000°C and generally involves the conversion of the presynthesized rhabdophane, LaPO 4 •nH 2 O, to the LaPO 4 monazite phase. During this structure transformation, the rhabdophane converts irreversibly to the thermodynamically stable monoclinic monazite structure. A low-temperature (185° to 260°C) mild hydrothermal acid-promoted synthesis of monazite is described that can both transform presynthesized rhabdophane or assemble reagents to the monoclinic monazite structure. The pH dependence of this reaction is detailed, and its applicability to the Ln PO 4 ( Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm-Gd), Ca 0.5 Th 0.5 PO 4 , and Sr 0.5 Th 0.5 PO 4 systems is discussed. The crystal growth of Ca 0.5 Th 0.5 PO 4 and Sr 0.5 Th 0.5 PO 4 is described, and their crystal structures were reported. In situ x-ray diffraction studies, performed as a function of temperature, provide insight into the structure transformation process.","author":[{"family":"Zhoujin","given":"Yunping"},{"family":"Tisdale","given":"Hunter"},{"family":"Keerthisinghe","given":"Navindra"},{"family":"Morrison","given":"Gregory"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Mark"},{"family":"Hadermann","given":"Joke"},{"family":"Besmann","given":"Theodore"},{"family":"Amoroso","given":"Jake"},{"family":"Loye","given":"Hans‐conrad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1126/sciadv.adt3518","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adt3518","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411066073","type":"article-journal","title":"Antiplatelet Treatment Strategy in MINOCA Patients: Predictors of Decision Making in Clinical Practice and Prognostic Implications","abstract":"Background/Objectives: Large clinical trials have established the optimal antiplatelet strategy in the wide spectrum of coronary artery disease. However, data are scarce regarding MINOCA and the aim of our study is to present data from the current clinical practice. Methods: A total of 151 patients were included in this study after exclusion of 27 patients with myocarditis and other diagnoses. A cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) performed at 123/151 patients demonstrated an ischemic pattern of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) confirming the diagnosis of true acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in 42 cases (28%). Based on multimodality imaging and clinical judgement, Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) was diagnosed in 55 patients (36%), whereas CMR failed to reveal abnormal findings in 54 cases (36%), categorized as MINOCA of unknown origin. Results: Regarding antithrombotic prescriptions at discharge, 38% of patients received dual antiplatelet (DAPT) or dual antithrombotic therapy (DAT, 1 antiplatelet plus 1 anticoagulant), 49.7% received single antiplatelet (SAPT) or anticoagulant, and 12% received no antithrombotic treatment. Univariate analysis showed that the likelihood of prescribing DAPT or DAT was associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (r = 0.202, p = 0.013), atherosclerotic lesions on coronary angiography (r = 0.303, p < 0.001), prior use of anticoagulants (r = −0.258, p = 0.001), and marginally with the INTERTAK score (r = −0.198, p = 0.044). A multivariable model, adjusted for age, LVEF, ECG abnormalities, and history of anticoagulant use, confirmed the independent association between angiographic evidence of atherosclerosis and the decision for DAPT/DAT (OR: 0.334, 95% CI: 0.307–0.813, p < 0.001). However, the initial treatment decision did not seem to impact 2-year prognosis in our population. Conclusions: Our study results reveal that decision making in the antithrombotic strategy for MINOCA patients poses a challenge in clinical practice. More robust data are required for definite conclusions on the prognostic implications.","author":[{"family":"Mantzouranis","given":"Emmanouil"},{"family":"Leontsinis","given":"Ioannis"},{"family":"Vlachakis","given":"Panayotis"},{"family":"Mihas","given":"Constantinos"},{"family":"Iliakis","given":"Panagιotis"},{"family":"Dri","given":"Eirini"},{"family":"Sakalidis","given":"Athanasios"},{"family":"Σουλαϊδόπουλος","given":"Στέργιος"},{"family":"Fragoulis","given":"Christos"},{"family":"Milkas","given":"Anastasios"},{"family":"Tsiamis","given":"Eleftherios"},{"family":"Tsiachris","given":"Dimitris"},{"family":"Dimitriadis","given":"Kyriakos"},{"family":"Tsioufis","given":"Konstantinos"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/jcm14113984","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14113984","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415300531","type":"article-journal","title":"Transformation of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Services at Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, Tanzania: Findings and Experiences from 1,313 Cardiovascular Procedures in Five Years","abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular care remains limited in sub-Saharan Africa. Since its establishment in 2015, the Benjamin Mkapa Hospital (BMH) in Dodoma, Tanzania, has gradually strengthened its cardiology and cardiothoracic services through the integration of high-tech diagnostics, interventional procedures, and surgical capabilities, aiming to meet the growing demand for advanced medical care in Tanzania. Objective: To describe the evolution of cardiology and cardiothoracic services at the BMH, assess performance and challenges, and report on procedures conducted between 2019 to 2024. Methodology: A retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted on patient document review and the hospital electronic database between February 2019 and August 2024. The study included both pediatric and adult patients who received care in the cardiology and cardiothoracic department. Results: The transformation of cardiovascular services at the BMH from 2018 resulted in providing advanced cardiovascular care to patients in central Tanzania. A total of 1,313 procedures were performed, including 1,215 adult cardiac catheterization procedures (1,081 diagnostic coronary angiographies, 115 percutaneous coronary interventions, and 19 pacemaker implantations), 55 pediatric cardiac catheterization procedures (16 right heart catheterizations, 10 atrial septal defect device closures, 18 patent ductus arteriosus device closures, and 11 pulmonary valve valvuloplasty), and 43 open-heart surgeries, consisting of 36 congenital heart disease repairs, two valve replacements, and five coronary artery bypass grafts. Among 115 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, four died, yielding a success rate of 96.5%. Of the 43 patients who underwent open-heart surgery, three deaths were recorded, resulting in a success rate of 93.0%. These deaths were mainly due to advanced disease and surgical complications. Conclusion: The experience underscores the importance of strategic investment, leadership, and partnerships in advancing health system resilience and equity in low-resource settings. A total of 1,313 patients benefited from minimally invasive procedures and open-heart surgeries in the five years of the cardiology and cardiothoracic department's establishment.","author":[{"family":"Salim","given":"Anwar"},{"family":"Luvakule","given":"Alfred"},{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Hindu"},{"family":"Kessy","given":"Sanun"},{"family":"Khatib","given":"Sami"},{"family":"Kessy","given":"Monica"},{"family":"Alphonce","given":"Baraka"},{"family":"Kusima","given":"Happiness"},{"family":"Masava","given":"Kelvin"},{"family":"Kessy","given":"Shija"},{"family":"Touré","given":"AA"},{"family":"Chandika","given":"Alphonce"},{"family":"Meda","given":"John"},{"family":"Makubi","given":"Abel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5334/gh.1488","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5334/gh.1488","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411532232","type":"article-journal","title":"Electrochemical Solid-State Electrolyte Reactors: Configurations, Applications, and Future Prospects","abstract":"Abstract The advancement of clean electricity is positioning electrochemical reactors at the forefront of future electrosynthesis technologies. Solid-state electrolyte (SSE) reactors emerge for their distinctive configurations and ability to produce high-purity fuels and chemicals efficiently without additional purification steps. This marks a substantial development in electrochemical synthesis. In this perspective, we critically examine cutting-edge innovations in SSE devices with particular emphasis on the architectural introduction of core cell components, novel electrochemical cell configurations, and assembly methodologies. The use of SSE reactors is presently undergoing a pivotal transition from fundamental laboratory investigations to large-scale engineering implementations, demonstrating remarkable progress in multiple domains: (1) sustainable synthesis of high-value organic acids (formic and acetic acids), (2) production of critical oxidizers hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and liquid fuels (ethanol), (3) ammonia (NH 3 ) production, (4) carbon capture technologies, (5) lithium recovery and recycling, and (6) tandem or coupling strategies for high-value-added products. Importantly, the transformative potential in environmental remediation, particularly for airborne pollutant sequestration and advanced wastewater purification, is addressed. Additionally, the innovative architectural blueprints for next-generation SSE stack are presented, aiming to establish a comprehensive framework to guide the transition from laboratory-scale innovation to industrial-scale deployment of SSE devices in the foreseeable future.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Weisong"},{"family":"Zhai","given":"Yanjie"},{"family":"Gong","given":"Shanhe"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yingying"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Qing"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40820-025-01824-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01824-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411230879","type":"article-journal","title":"Role of FinTech and technological innovation towards energy, growth, and environment nexus in G20 economies","abstract":"The current global consumption scenario is characterized as an energy-intensive economic development, indicating a rising mismatch in the harmonious relationship between individuals and the environment. The mismatch is caused by unsustainable consumption practices that do not take into account long-term ecological repercussions. To address this mismatch, it is necessary to turn toward sustainable energy use, greener technologies, and more responsible resource management, with the goal of balancing human economic progress with environmental care. Therefore, this study examines the influence of FinTech and technological innovations on the energy-growth-environment nexus in the context of G-20 economies for the time span of 2005- 2022. The study employs the panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) model in the generalized method of moment (GMM) approach to explore the interrelationship among the variables. From the findings, it was concluded that FinTech has a positive impact on the energy-growth-environment nexus. Similar to FinTech, technological innovation also has favourable influence on the energy-growth-environment nexus. Finally, there exist positive influence of energy on growth and environment, whereas rising carbon emissions exerts negative influence on growth and renewable energy consumption. From the policy standpoint, authorities can catalyse a more sustainable and inclusive future by encouraging collaboration among the fintech, technological advancement, energy, and environmental sectors.","author":[{"family":"Jangid","given":"Harshita"},{"family":"Bal","given":"Debi"},{"family":"Rao","given":"Navuluru"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-02794-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02794-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417328927","type":"article-journal","title":"The effect of multimedia-based education on nurses’ clinical capability in radiation protection in operating rooms: a randomized controlled study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Radiation exposure is a significant occupational hazard for operating room nurses, yet their knowledge and practice of radiation protection are often inadequate. Enhancing nurses’ clinical capability in this area is crucial for safety and quality care. Multimedia-based education offers an effective, flexible approach to improve learning and adherence to safety protocols. This study aimed to determine the effect of multimedia-based education on nurses’ clinical capability in radiation protection in operating rooms. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 100 operating room nurses from two hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between June and December 2024. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 50) and control (n = 50) groups. The intervention group received a two-week multimedia-based educational program on radiation protection via WhatsApp, while the control group received routine hospital training. Primary outcomes included clinical capability assessed through a validated questionnaire covering knowledge, attitude, performance, and personal commitment, measured at baseline, one month, and two months post-intervention. RESULTS: After the intervention, the intervention group showed significant improvements in all dimensions of clinical capability, including knowledge, attitude, performance, and personal commitment, compared to the control group. Clinical capability scores at one and two months post-intervention were significantly higher in the intervention group (all p < 0.001). The effect sizes ranged from 0.79 to 2.73, indicating large effects. ANCOVA analysis revealed a significant interaction between group and time (F = 32.8, p < 0.001), confirming that the improvements over time were greater in the intervention group than the control group after adjusting for baseline values. CONCLUSION: Therefore, we recommend implementing multimedia-based education to enhance clinical capability in radiation protection among operating room nurses. TRAIL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Registration number IRCT20211129053216N1 on March 19, 2024 ( https://www.irct.ir ).","author":[{"family":"Hemati","given":"Mehrvash"},{"family":"Ghanbarzadeh","given":"Sina"},{"family":"Mohebbi","given":"Zinat"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12912-025-04108-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-04108-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414351100","type":"article-journal","title":"Geological Storage of CO 2 and H 2 : A Bibliometric Synthesis of General and Laboratory‐Scale Research Evolution","abstract":"ABSTRACT Underground gas storage is a cornerstone technology for addressing climate change and advancing the clean energy transition. By managing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing energy system resilience, it supports global sustainability goals. This study presents a comparative bibliometric analysis and review of geological CO 2 and H 2 storage research based on publications indexed in Scopus till December 31, 2024. For CO 2 storage, 21,996 publications were identified, including 8447 focused on laboratory‐scale experiments (38.4%), with sandstones being the most studied lithology. Key topics include monitoring (1.25%), enhanced oil recovery (1.24%) and injection (0.99%), whereas key parameters that govern CO 2 –rock–fluid interactions are porosity, permeability, adsorption–desorption and density. H 2 storage research, comprising 4229 publications, 1541 of which are related to laboratory‐scale experiments (36.43%), has exhibited exponential growth since 2020. Major areas of focus include CO 2 ‐related studies (1.8%), wettability (1.29%) and cushion gas (0.97%); and key parameters are porosity and permeability, together with geomechanical and microbial parameters. Across all laboratory‐scale studies, pH measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), computed tomography (CT), x‐ray diffraction (XRD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are the most frequently applied techniques to characterize fluid–rock interactions. A total of 546 papers address combined laboratory studies on CO 2 and H 2 storage. The co‐occurrence analysis of keywords within these studies highlights emerging thematic interconnections and research synergies between both storage technologies. Results of both research domains underscore the critical role of experimental methodologies in advancing understanding of reservoir behaviour and storage capacity. These findings highlight the need for interdisciplinary innovation and international collaboration to overcome technical challenges and accelerate the deployment of geological gas storage applications.","author":[{"family":"Roces","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Caicedopotosí","given":"Jhon"},{"family":"Kovács","given":"Tímea"},{"family":"Ordóñezcasado","given":"Berta"},{"family":"Llanafúnez","given":"Sergio"},{"family":"Berrezueta","given":"Édgar"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ghg.2380","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2380","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411981607","type":"article-journal","title":"Electrochemical Conversion of Low-Concentration CO2 Promoted by a Guanidine Polymer","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide In situ electrocatalytic conversion of low-concentration carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from anaerobic fermentation gas (AFG) into high-value chemical products can effectively mitigate the costs associated with carbon capture, enrichment, and transfer. In this study, we synthesized a guanidine-based porous organic polymer (G-POPs-1), which efficiently enriches and activates diluted CO 2 to form a “carbon-pool”. Subsequently, through indirect electromediated oxidation, the 4-pentenamine substrate underwent sequential cyclical reactions to produce proline carbamate. Moreover, after six cycles of use, G-POPs-1 exhibited minimal degradation in catalytic performance, with its microstructure remaining intact.","author":[{"family":"Pan","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Xian"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Qiang"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Fei‐hu"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Haitao"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Ying‐ming"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Ying‐ming"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/jacsau.5c00683","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jacsau.5c00683","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411553678","type":"article-journal","title":"Modeling supercritical CO2 injection induced rupture of a minor fault embedded in a poroelastic layered reservoir-caprock system","abstract":"CO 2 injection for geologic carbon sequestration involves hydromechanical processes that lead to changes in fluid pressure and stresses that can activate existing faults. This paper presents a new method and workflow of modeling fault activation considering more complex three-dimensional geometry of natural faults using the TOUGH-FLAC multiphase fluid flow and geomechanical simulator. In this method and workflow, FLAC3D mechanical interfaces and TOUGH3 finite volume elements are discretized using computer aided design and gridding software along with a tailored mesh translation routine. The method and workflow are demonstrated with a model of a curved minor fault embedded in a poro-elastic layered reservoir-caprock system. The model is used for a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of fault responses to fault length, injection mass rate, injection schedule, well-fault distance, and well locations versus fault location. Four metrics (CO 2 plume, shear state of fault, pressure and stress path at fault monitoring points) are selected to assess CO 2 migration, pressure change, and the reactivation of faults. The results reveal that CO 2 can bypass around the tip of the minor impermeable fault, building up pressure and poro-elastic stress on both sides that tends to impede fault rupture. Our study shows the benefit of carefully designing the injection to achieve the targeted final storage volume, starting at a relatively low rate for considerable time, and then ramping up the injection rate to the full rate of injection. The initial low injection has two distinct benefits: (1) it allows for the formation of an extensive CO 2 plume with a much higher mobility through a low viscosity that will result in a lower pressure for a given injection rate, and (2) it allows for gradual build-up of horizontal poro-elastic stress within the reservoir that will tend to impede activation of steeply dipping faults. The injection scenario starting at a low injection rate, denoted here as conservative injection, can significantly reduce the risk of fault activation as high fluid mobility and reservoir strengthening poro-elastic stress has been established long before reaching the peak injection rates. Moreover, simultaneous injection in two injection wells on both sides of fault can provide further reservoir strengthening through poro-elastic stress buildup acting on a fault under normal faulting stress regime. The findings presented in the paper can provide practical and effective guidance on long-term, safe, and reliable geological CO 2 storage.","author":[{"family":"Cao","given":"Meng"},{"family":"Rutqvist","given":"Jonny"},{"family":"Guglielmi","given":"Yves"},{"family":"Cihan","given":"Abdullah"},{"family":"Glubokovskikh","given":"Stanislav"},{"family":"Jordan","given":"Preston"},{"family":"Reagan","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Birkhölzer","given":"Jens"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106185","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106185","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409384034","type":"article-journal","title":"The Gut Microbiome in Anxiety Disorders","abstract":"PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We aim to update readers on the latest evidence regarding the role of the gut microbiome in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), agoraphobia, and social anxiety disorder (SAD). This review summarises the literature on microbiome composition and function in these conditions, provides insights about causality and mechanisms and evaluates current evidence for microbiome-based interventions in anxiety disorders. RECENT FINDINGS: Most studies exploring the microbiome in anxiety disorders are small, cross-sectional studies. Nevertheless, some consistent findings emerge. Bacterial taxa such as Eubacterium, Coprococcus and Faecalibacterium may be depleted in GAD. Studies in PD and SAD are scarce and, to our knowledge, there have been no studies conducted in agoraphobia. Probiotics may help reduce anxiety symptoms, although the majority of studies have been in non-clinical cohorts. Large, prospective studies are required to further elucidate the role of the microbiome-gut-brain axis in anxiety disorders. Microbiome-based interventions hold promise, but randomised controlled trials in clinical populations with relevant diagnoses are now warranted and urgently required.","author":[{"family":"Butler","given":"Mary"},{"family":"Kittelschneider","given":"Sarah"},{"family":"Wagnerskacel","given":"Jolana"},{"family":"Mörkl","given":"Sabrina"},{"family":"Clarke","given":"Gerard"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s11920-025-01604-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-025-01604-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417485959","type":"article-journal","title":"Young practitioners' attention to health Qigong on video-based social media: a qualitative study of online Baduanjin learning","abstract":"Introduction Health Qigong is rooted in Chinese national culture, boasting a unique movement pattern and distinctive health-preserving value. Traditional national health Qigong, represented by Baduanjin, has attracted a large number of young practitioners. Against the backdrop of digital media, this study explores the motivation for young people's engagement with online Baduanjin, their emotional responses, and the subsequent behavioral paths of practice from a youth perspective, aiming to explain the reasons behind the “revival trend” of Baduanjin among young groups. Methods Based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) theoretical framework, this study adopts an inductive qualitative content analysis approach, focusing on young practitioners. Keywords were searched on Bilibili, a social media video platform, yielding 39,410 Baduanjin-related comments. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 practitioners aged 18–28. The comments and interview data were coded separately for triangulation and presented jointly in the results section. Results By collecting and analyzing Bilibili comments on Baduanjin videos and interview transcripts from practitioners, a theoretical model centered on the core category “young users' participation in online Baduanjin practice” was constructed. Practitioners' participation is mainly driven by two core dimensions: (1) Baduanjin content-related factors: perceived benefits, practicality and credibility, practice risks, and multi-dimensional comparison, which are partially associated with cultural familiarity; (2) Platform and external context-related factors: platform affordances, academic stress stimuli, celebrity influence, and social support. Emotional attitudes are formed after attempting practice and are positively correlated with practitioners' expectations of Baduanjin's effects. Subsequent practice behaviors exhibit three trajectories: sustained practice, abandonment, and resumption after suspension. Conclusion This study argues that against the backdrop of social media platforms serving as a social infrastructure, young users' participation in online Baduanjin is a process jointly driven by content characteristics, platform cues, and contextual factors. Through changes in emotions and self-efficacy, this process ultimately leads to diverse participation behaviors. As a traditional national fitness activity with cultural resonance and social adaptability, Baduanjin provides valuable theoretical implications for promoting sustainable health behaviors among modern people. It can serve as a carrier of traditional Chinese “health-preserving” cultural knowledge, facilitating the effective dissemination of national fitness activities.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"J"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yusheng"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Desheng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fcomm.2025.1715030","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2025.1715030","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415723828","type":"article-journal","title":"Strengthening pollutant control and resource recovery can enhance sustainable waste incineration in China","abstract":"Municipal solid waste incineration is increasingly used in China to balance urban growth with environmental and energy demands, yet challenges remain in pollutant control and by-product utilization. Here we compile operational data from 876 incineration plants across China and apply life cycle assessment models to systematically evaluate their environmental and economic performance. We find advanced flue gas treatment reduces harmful emissions but slightly compromises carbon benefits, whereas optimized leachate management achieves both emission reduction and carbon gains. Fly ash resource utilization can further improve environmental and economic outcomes, while waste classification and co-incineration strategies enhance plant viability. Our scenario simulations suggest that stricter emission standards, expanded classification, and targeted co-incineration can yield substantial carbon-negative and financial benefits. These findings highlight the synergistic potential of pollution control and resource utilization in shaping the sustainable transition of China’s waste-to-energy industry. Advanced flue gas control technologies can sacrifice some carbon benefits to reduce pollutant emissions, whereas optimized leachate treatment can achieve both pollutant and carbon reductions simultaneously, according to an analysis of 876 operational incineration plants across China.","author":[{"family":"Han","given":"Qianlong"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Han"},{"family":"Gong","given":"Yongyue"},{"family":"Tao","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Yunan"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Guoxia"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Yuwen"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Guanyi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s43247-025-02859-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02859-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160893485","type":"article-journal","title":"HCO 3 - modified N -heterocyclic carbene silver organic porous polymer catalyzes the conversion of low concentration CO 2 into oxazolidinone compounds","abstract":"Silver metalized organic porous polymer (Ag@POP-HCO3) was prepared by copolymerizing the HCO3- modified N -heterocyclic carbene monomer loading silver with divinylbenzene. The in-situ conversion of low concentration CO2 from coal-fired flue gas or air into oxazolidinone compounds was achieved through carboxylation cyclization reaction catalyzed by Ag@POP-HCO3 under ambient conditions, without the addition of any cocatalyst. Additionally, both SO2 and NO2 did not interfere with the reaction at normal concentration presented in flue gas. The Ag@POP-HCO3 can effectively catalyze the gram reaction, and its catalytic activity is not significantly reduced after being recycled. The introduction of HCO3- increased the specific surface area and microporous volumes of the catalyst, enhancing its ability to adsorb CO2. Furthermore, N -heterocyclic carbene and HCO3- collaborated to expedite the activation of CO2, while the coordination of silver serves to activate the substrate. The proposed approach avoids cost issues of traditional carbon capture, utilization and storage technology and promotes green chemical process development.","author":[{"family":"Liang","given":"Ying"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jiawen"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Wang"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Peibo"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Ping"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Ying"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.20517/cs.2024.103","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20517/cs.2024.103","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406424265","type":"article-journal","title":"Individual and Joint Effect of Oleic Acid Imidazoline and CeCl3 on Carbon Steel Corrosion in CO2-Saturated Brine Solution","abstract":"In production and transportation systems of the oil industry, brine solutions contain high concentrations of chloride and dissolved CO2, which is a very corrosive medium to which carbon steel is exposed. Therefore, finding new effective and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors is of great importance. The effect of CeCl3 (in concentrations from 5 mg dm−3 to 20 mg dm−3) and oleic acid imidazoline (IOA) (in concentrations from 5 mg dm−3 to 20 mg dm−3) separately and their mixtures (in concentrations from 5 mg dm−3 to 15 mg dm−3 of CeCl3 and from 5 mg dm−3 to 20 mg dm−3 of IOA) as corrosion inhibitors of AISI 1018 carbon steel corrosion in simulated brine solution saturated with CO2 at 60 °C were examined by means of weight-loss testing, electrochemical measurements (polarization resistance, linear polarization with Tafel extrapolation, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and surface analyses (scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction). All test methods showed a higher efficiency of compounds′ mixtures (from 62.77% to 97.94%) and a higher degree of corrosion protection compared to the action of individual compounds (efficiency from 3.43% to 94.61% for IOA and from 57.58% to 96.27% for CeCl3). Imidazoline, a common corrosion inhibitor in CO2-saturated systems, most likely forms a surface film with voids via its adsorption on steel surface, while cerium carbonate tends to fill these voids by creating a more compact film. In this way, a denser and thicker surface film is formed.","author":[{"family":"Borko","given":"Tihomir"},{"family":"Bilić","given":"Gordana"},{"family":"Žbulj","given":"Katarina"},{"family":"Ćurković","given":"Helena"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/coatings15010093","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15010093","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413881589","type":"article-journal","title":"Stability and Foam Performance Optimization of CO2-Soluble Foaming Agents: Influencing Factors and Mechanistic Analysis","abstract":"This study systematically analyzes the influencing factors and optimization strategies of foam stability and performance for CO2-soluble foaming agents in high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) complex reservoir environments. By constructing a HTHP experimental system and utilizing dynamic foam testing, interfacial tension analysis, and microscopic observation of liquid films, the effects of chemical factors (e.g., pH, foaming agent concentration, stabilizer synergy) and physical factors (e.g., temperature, pressure) on foam behavior are investigated. The results show that the nonionic surfactant E-1312 exhibits optimal foam performance in neutral to mildly alkaline environments. The foam performance tends to saturate at around 0.5% concentration. High pressure enhances the foam stability, whereas elevated temperature significantly reduces the foam lifetime. Moreover, the addition of nano-sized foam stabilizers such as silica (SiO2) can significantly delay liquid film drainage and strengthen interfacial mechanical properties, thereby improving foam durability. This study further reveals the key mechanisms of CO2-soluble foaming agents in terms of interfacial behavior, liquid film evolution, and foam formation in porous media, providing theoretical guidance and optimization pathways for the molecular design and field application of CO2 foam flooding technology.","author":[{"family":"Sun","given":"Wenjing"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Wenlu"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Zian"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Sheng"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Quan"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Fajun"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Tianjiao"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Tianyi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13092784","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092784","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125590411","type":"article-journal","title":"Atroposelective interrupted CuAAC reaction using cyclic diaryliodoniums","abstract":"Copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is a pivotal strategy for joining two fragments, including bioactive moieties under mild conditions. In recent years, “interrupted” CuAAC reaction has emerged by intercepting copper triazolide intermediates, thereby significantly broadening the scope of these transformations. However, asymmetric transformations based on the interruption of copper triazolide intermediates have remained elusive. In this work, we present an efficient and mild approach that intercepts a copper triazolide intermediate with a cyclic diaryliodonium reagent, enabling a three-component coupling of the cyclic diaryliodonium species, an alkyne, and an azide under atroposelective control. This method constitutes an asymmetric interrupted CuAAC reaction and furnishes a diverse array of structurally unique atropisomeric biaryl triazoles. Mechanistic investigations reveal an unusual secondary kinetic isotope effect for the terminal alkyne, while in situ calorimetry–based reaction progress kinetic analysis identifies the individual reaction orders of each substrate: formal 0.4th-order for cyclic diaryliodonium and first-order for both the alkyne and the azide. The overall rate is governed by copper-mediated cyclometallation of the alkyne and azide, as well as the oxidative addition of the copper triazolide intermediate to the cyclic diaryliodonium reagent. Interrupting the copper-catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition has emerged as a strategy to broaden the scope of these transformations. Here, the autuors intercepts a copper triazolide intermediate with a cyclic diaryliodonium reagent, enabling a three-component coupling of the cyclic diaryliodonium species, an alkyne, and an azide under atroposelective control.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Shan"},{"family":"Duan","given":"Longhui"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Zhenhua"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-026-68574-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-68574-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414883200","type":"article-journal","title":"Acute Myocardial Infarction: Molecular Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Clinical Management","abstract":"Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a cardiovascular disease characterized by myocardial necrosis resulting from acute coronary artery occlusion. Although standardized diagnostic and therapeutic protocols have markedly reduced its mortality, AMI remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Contemporary AMI research has evolved from an initial focus on local myocardial injury to a broader perspective encompassing the entire disease course, including tissue damage, remodeling, and multi-organ interactions. This review systematically delineates the key molecular mechanisms underlying AMI and subsequent ventricular remodeling, while also exploring the complex interplay between the heart and other organs such as the gut, brain, kidney, and liver. From a clinical standpoint, we summarize the historical evolution of AMI diagnostic criteria and management strategies, highlighting current classification systems, novel diagnostic technologies, and the integration of artificial intelligence tools. Furthermore, we present recent evidence-based advances in established therapeutic approaches, along with emerging strategies ranging from cellular to genetic interventions. Future directions aim to integrate mechanistic insights with interdisciplinary clinical strategies to establish a systematic and precision-based framework for AMI prevention and management.","author":[{"family":"Zhu","given":"Mengmeng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yiwen"},{"family":"Qian","given":"Xu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Wenting"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yanfei"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yue"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/mco2.70418","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70418","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413109880","type":"article-journal","title":"Ambient air pollution and mortality in older patients with breast cancer","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Although emerging studies link air pollution to mortality in patients with breast cancer, large-scale evidence remains limited. We aimed to evaluate associations between chronic exposures to three key regulated air pollutants, fine particulate matter, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide, and mortality in a nationwide cohort of older patients with breast cancer. METHODS: We constructed a cohort of patients with primary diagnosis of breast cancer aged 65 years or older between 2000 and 2016 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database. High-resolution ambient concentrations of annual fine particulate matter, warm-season ozone, and annual nitrogen dioxide were estimated using hybrid models and linked to patients' residential zip codes as proxy exposures. A 3-pollutant Cox model was fitted to estimate hazard ratios for mortality associated with each pollutant, adjusting for demographics, tumor characteristics, cancer treatments, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, meteorological variables, and neighborhood-level characteristics. RESULTS: Among 593 333 patients with breast cancer, a 1-µg/m3 increase in annual fine particulate matter, a 1-part per billion increase in warm-season ozone, and a 1-part per billion increase in annual nitrogen dioxide were associated with hazard ratios for mortality of 1.0048 (95% CI = 1.0026 to 1.0070), 1.0021 (95% CI = 1.0013 to 1.0029), and 1.0022 (95% CI = 1.0014 to 1.0030), respectively. This finding translated to 49 annual excess deaths attributable to fine particulate matter, 21 to ozone, and 22 to nitrogen dioxide within the cohort. Effects were substantially larger at low exposure levels. Fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide had greater effects in younger patients, individuals who received chemotherapy or radiation, and individuals with disease diagnosed at later stages. CONCLUSION: Our findings identified air pollution as a risk factor for mortality in older patients with breast cancer. Protective measures and air pollution control strategies may help reduce exposure and improve outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Wei","given":"Yaguang"},{"family":"Castro","given":"Edgar"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Kanhua"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Min"},{"family":"Thompson","given":"Hannah"},{"family":"Coull","given":"Brent"},{"family":"Sparano","given":"Joseph"},{"family":"Teitelbaum","given":"Susan"},{"family":"Wright","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Schwartz","given":"Joel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/jnci/djaf217","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf217","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412081725","type":"article-journal","title":"Estimation and Reduction of CO₂ Emissions From Fossil Fuel Power Plants in Bangladesh","abstract":"Electricity generation in Bangladesh is predominantly from fossil fuel power plants. Bangladesh's electricity generation from renewable sources is well below the global average, with less than 1% coming from hydropower and less than 1% from solar and wind. Estimating and reducing carbon emissions from gas, coal, and oil generation plants in Bangladesh is a burning issue. The carbon emission factor is used to compute the carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel plants based on their generation capacity, and fuel type. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) framework is used to calculate the carbon emission factor of each fuel type. The paper presents Matpower Interior Point Solver (MIPS), and Dynamic Non-Linear Particle Swarm Optimization (DNPSO) algorithms to solve combined economic emission dispatch (CEED) to optimize generation dispatch and minimize emissions. A practical 14-bus test system in Southern Chattogram, consisting of 132 kV, 230 kV, 400 kV, and 765 kV lines, is constructed. The developed algorithms based on optimal power flow have applied on 14-bus test system and measured optimal dispatch and emissions of the generators and grid. The environmental emission factor is used to combine the economic and emission dispatch. The existing and future coal power plants at Matarbari will release from 1934 ton-CO2 to 4889 ton-CO2 in year 2025 to 2041 with current plant efficiency. The results indicate that enhancing plant efficiency to 47%, the carbon dioxide emissions from coal power plants may be decreased to 15%. Moreover, when CEED is implemented with MIPS and DNPSO, the daily carbon emissions from the 14-bus test system are reduced to 14%, while those from DNPSO decreased to 11% from their original levels. CEED prioritizes more cleaner generators in the system than higher emissions low-cost generators. Furthermore, transmission line losses and grid emissions are lower in economic-emission dispatch compared to economic dispatch.","author":[{"family":"Chowdhury","given":"Deepak"},{"family":"Mohammad","given":"Nur"},{"family":"Mahmud","given":"Tanjim"},{"family":"Khaliluzzaman","given":"Md"},{"family":"Andersson","given":"Karl"},{"family":"Hossain","given":"Mohammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109/access.2025.3586553","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3586553","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411976874","type":"article-journal","title":"Observations of fin whales and vessels offshore oregon using fibre optic distributed acoustic sensing","abstract":"We analysed Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) data from a fibre optic sensing system deployed on an existing submarine cable located offshore Oregon to characterize fin whale calls. A sequence of over 300 calls in a 2-hour period was identified using the conventional earthquake detection technique of template matching. With these initial detections we then used a robust correlation, and stacking process to estimate the call signatures and timings. Calls were found to be of two distinct types that are typical for fin whales and referred to as doublets. The calls typically alternate between the two types with an inter-call interval of approximately 15 seconds. These sequences pause approximately every 12 minutes for a couple of minutes before recommencing. These breaks are interpreted to be the whale resurfacing to breath. We track the whale’s location over two hours using conventional location methods from time picks derived from a correlation process. This shows that the whale moved eastwards, towards the Pacific coastline, before turning to the south. Coincidentally, during this time frame a large container vessel also traverses the submarine fibre optic cable. The distance between the vessel and the whale ranges between 16 km and 2km at the closest point of approach. The whale initially appears to turn north as the vessel approaches to within 10km of the vessel and then follows an erratic localized track before proceeding in a southward direction away from the vessel. This behaviour may be indicative of an avoidance behaviour. This observation suggests fibre optic acoustic measurement systems could routinely monitor underwater radiated noise from marine traffic and marine mammals using existing seafloor cables to establish typical behavioural patterns.","author":[{"family":"Horne","given":"Steve"},{"family":"Stork","given":"A"},{"family":"Staněk","given":"František"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1603541","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1603541","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413037804","type":"article-journal","title":"Ternary Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents: A Review","abstract":"Ternary choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (TDESs) exhibit unique physicochemical properties, including lower viscosities, lower melting points, higher thermal stabilities, and enhanced solvations compared to binary deep eutectic solvents (BDESs). Although BDESs have been widely studied, the addition of a third component in TDESs offers opportunities to further optimize their performance. This review aims to evaluate the physicochemical properties of TDESs and highlight their potential applications in sustainable industrial processes compared to BDESs. A comprehensive analysis of the existing literature was conducted, focusing on TDES properties, such as phase behavior, density, viscosity, pH, conductivity, and the effect of water, along with their applications in various fields. TDESs demonstrated superior physicochemical characteristics compared to BDESs, including improved solvation and thermal stability. Their applications in biomass conversion, CO2 capture, heavy oil upgrading, refrigeration gases, and as solvents/catalysts in organic reactions show significant promise for enhancing process efficiency and sustainability. Despite their advantages, TDESs face challenges including limited predictive models, potential instability under certain conditions, and scalability hurdles. Overall, TDESs offer significant potential for advancing sustainable and efficient chemical processes for industrial applications.","author":[{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Abdulalim"},{"family":"Tshibangu","given":"Marc"},{"family":"Coquelet","given":"Christophe"},{"family":"Espitalier","given":"Fabienne"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/chemengineering9040084","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering9040084","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7118175864","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimization of Multimodal Transportation Routes for North-to-South Grain Transportation in China Considering Carbon Emissions","abstract":"This study presents a multi-objective optimization framework for China’s North-to-South Grain Transportation (NSGT), balancing costs, time, carbon emissions, and grain quality loss to promote sustainable logistics. We propose a hybrid algorithm combining genetic optimization with reinforcement learning to identify efficient routes and evaluate trade-offs. Compared to standard methods, our approach achieves better solution diversity and robustness, as validated by sensitivity analysis, scalability tests, and statistical comparisons. The findings advance carbon accounting in multimodal transport and provide practical guidance for policymakers to enhance eco-friendly grain distribution.","author":[{"family":"Xie","given":"Yilei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wenhui"},{"family":"Hao","given":"Xiangwei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/app16010510","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010510","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7160520875","type":"article-journal","title":"Cardiovascular disease and its foetomaternal outcome in pregnant women undergoing delivery in a tertiary care teaching hospital","abstract":"Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in pregnancy poses significant risks to mother and foetus. This study aimed to describe the spectrum of CVD and maternal and foetal outcomes in a hospital setting in Nepal. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using hospital records at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital (CMCTH). Pregnant women with CVD admitted beyond 22 weeks of gestation for delivery from Nov 2019 to Dec 2024 were enrolled. Ethical approval was obtained. Maternal outcomes included mode of delivery, cardiac care unit (CCU) admission, and mortality. Foetal outcomes included gestational age, birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), stillbirth, neonatal ICU admission, and early neonatal death (NND). Data were analysed using SPSS version 25. Categorical data are presented as frequency (percentage). Results: Among 191 patients who delivered at CMCTH, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were most prevalent, seen in 153(80.1%), followed by rheumatic heart disease in 30(15.7%), congenital heart disease in 6(3.1%), and cardiomyopathy in 2(1.0%). The most common maternal outcome was emergency caesarean section in 109(59.1%). Admission to CCU occurred in 30(15.7%), and maternal mortality in 2(1.0%). Foetal adverse outcomes were low birth weight in 80(41.9%), preterm birth in 63(33.0%), and IUGR in 51(26.7%). Stillbirth and early neonatal death each occurred in 6(3.1%). Conclusions: Hypertensive disorders constitute the major burden of CVD in pregnancy at this centre and are associated with high rates of operative delivery and adverse perinatal outcomes, including low birth weight and prematurity.","author":[{"family":"Shrestha","given":"Roshan"},{"family":"Regmi","given":"Shyam"},{"family":"Dhital","given":"Bishnu"},{"family":"Hussain","given":"Asraf"},{"family":"Gurung","given":"Puran"},{"family":"Shrestha","given":"Suresh"},{"family":"Sapkota","given":"Sanjiv"},{"family":"Panta","given":"Aiuska"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.54530/jcmc.1823","URL":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1823","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417102044","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Nanomaterials in Biomedicine: Opportunities and Toxicological Concerns","abstract":"s various disciplines, primarily due to their high specific surface area, versatile surface chemical modifications, and exceptional optical properties. Notable carbon nanomaterials include graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon quantum dots, each exhibiting distinct potential applications within the biomedical domain. Extensive research over the years has positioned these diverse carbon nanoparticles as promising candidates for drug delivery, cancer diagnosis and therapy, tissue engineering, and biosensing, among other applications. Nonetheless, the issue of toxicity associated with carbon nanomaterials presents a pressing challenge that necessitates resolution. Empirical studies indicate that the size, aggregation state, and surface functionalization of carbon nanotubes can influence the biotoxicity and immunotoxicity of carbon nanoparticles within biological systems, thereby impacting their clinical translation and application. To advance the application and clinical translation of carbon nanomaterials within the biomedical field, this review will focus on carbon quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoparticles, and other carbon-based nanomaterials. It will provide a comprehensive summary of their application progress in the biomedical sector, as well as an analysis of their biotoxicity and immunotoxic responses. This synthesis aims to facilitate the clinical translation and application of carbon nanomaterials.","author":[{"family":"Hou","given":"Yingze"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Can"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Zhean"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Yongan"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Shiwei"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Xianchun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.2147/ijn.s552319","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s552319","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411204879","type":"article-journal","title":"Research on the physical layer diagnosis of an Ethernet-based train communication network","abstract":"Abstract Ethernet technology is widely applied in train communication networks (TCNs), serving as a crucial foundation for the enhancement of train intelligence. However, with its extensive deployment, some reliability issues have been exposed, particularly those at the physical layer. Certain faults have significantly impacted the daily operations and services of trains. Focusing on the diagnosis of the health status of the Ethernet physical layer, this paper proposes a window-voting Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification method based on multi-feature fusion. It aims to identify various fault conditions in TCNs and to detect potential communication issues in advance. Initially, the specific problems in TCNs are analysed, examining data waveform characteristics under four health statuses: normal, interference, aging and fault. Subsequently, the weights of the waveform features are calculated using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and the Grey Relational Analysis method, and a window-voting SVM classifier is then constructed to categorize the data waveforms. Finally, a test system is set up in the laboratory to simulate different health statuses of the Ethernet physical layer, and to acquire experimental data for validating the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the accuracy of recognizing the health status of the Ethernet physical layer exceeds $95\\%$.","author":[{"family":"Xiong","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Jingsong"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Yunqing"},{"family":"Huang","given":"He"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Tiantian"},{"family":"Jun","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Zuo","given":"Yuchen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/tse/tdaf033","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tse/tdaf033","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411539291","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancing Cosmetic Sustainability: Upcycling for a Circular Product Life Cycle","abstract":"The cosmetics industry is undergoing a transformative shift toward sustainability due to growing consumer demand for eco-friendly products and the urgent need to reduce environmental impact. Challenges exist at every phase of a product’s life cycle, requiring effective strategies to drive sustainability. Upcycling—the repurposing of byproduct waste materials or useless products—emerges as a powerful strategy to advance circularity, minimize waste, and conserve resources. Central to this process is sustainable ingredient sourcing, particularly the use of agro-food industry waste and byproducts, which often contain high-value bioactive compounds suitable for cosmetic applications. Beyond sourcing, other upcycling strategies can be applied across the cosmetic life cycle, such as optimizing production, valorizing post-consumer plastic waste, and reducing carbon footprint through innovative practices such as carbon dioxide capture and repurposing. This review explores the role of upcycling and other sustainable practices in reshaping the cosmetics industry, from product design to post-consumer use. It also underscores the importance of consumer education on sustainable consumption to promote responsible beauty practices. The findings highlight how upcycling and other sustainability approaches can significantly reduce the industry’s environmental footprint. For long-term sustainability, the study recommends continued innovation in waste valorization, resource optimization, and consumer education, ensuring a holistic approach to reducing cosmetics’ environmental footprint throughout their life cycle.","author":[{"family":"Martins","given":"AM"},{"family":"Silva","given":"Ana"},{"family":"Marto","given":"Joana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17135738","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135738","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406083248","type":"article-journal","title":"Effects of dapagliflozin on heart rate variability, cardiac function, and short-term prognosis in early-onset post-myocardial infarction heart failure","abstract":"Objective To investigate the effects of dapagliflozin, in addition to standard therapy, on heart rate variability (HRV), soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2 protein (sST2), N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and echocardiographic parameters in patients with early-onset post-myocardial infarction heart failure (HF). Methods A total of 98 patients with early-onset post-myocardial infarction HF were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group ( n = 48, receiving standard therapy) and an observation group ( n = 50, receiving standard therapy plus dapagliflozin 10 mg daily). HRV, cardiac function, and echocardiographic parameters were measured at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment. Short-term prognosis and adverse events were also monitored. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group showed significantly greater improvements in SDNN and SDANN ( P < 0.05). Significant improvements were also observed in sST2 and NT-proBNP levels in the observation group compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). Additionally, echocardiographic parameters, including EF, LVESD, LVEDD, IVST, LVMI, and E/e’, showed greater improvement in the observation group ( P < 0.05). The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events was lower in the observation group ( P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression model revealed that dapagliflozin use was independently associated with a reduced risk of MACE (OR = 0.265, 95% CI: 0.097–0.724, P = 0.010). Conclusion Early administration of dapagliflozin 10 mg, in addition to standard therapy, can improve autonomic function, cardiac function, and short-term prognosis in patients with early-onset post-myocardial infarction heart failure.","author":[{"family":"Zhou","given":"Le"},{"family":"Niu","given":"Mingyuan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Qian"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Geng","given":"Xiaohong"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Jianhua"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1490316","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1490316","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406408933","type":"manuscript","title":"Applications of Renewable Energies in Low-Temperature Regions: A Scientometric Analysis of Recent Advancements and Future Research Directions","abstract":"This study presents a scientometric analysis of renewable energy applications in low-temperature regions, focusing on green hydrogen production, carbon storage, and future trends. The research covers three distinct periods from 1988 to 2024, using bibliometric tools such as R-Studio and VOSviewer to evaluate scientific publications and keyword co-occurrence. The study highlights an exponential growth in renewable energy research post-2021, driven by global initiatives to achieve carbon neutrality. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) plays a crucial role in identifying the environmental impacts of energy systems, emphasizing the need to integrate renewable energy sources to reduce carbon emissions. The analysis reveals that hydrogen production via electrolysis has emerged as a key topic in reducing carbon footprints, particularly in hard-to-abate sectors. Carbon storage technologies, including bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), have gained traction as essential components of future energy systems. The results indicate a growing interest in optimizing renewable energy systems for low-temperature environments, with significant progress in solar, wind, and hydrogen technologies. The study underscores the importance of local and regional adaptations, integrating energy storage solutions, and diversifying energy matrices to enhance energy security. Future trends suggest a focus on multi-objective optimization using deep learning and AI to improve energy system performance. The findings contribute to understanding the global research landscape on renewable energy applications in cold regions, offering valuable insights into sustainable solutions for extreme climates.","author":[{"family":"Rodríguez-Aburto","given":"César"},{"family":"Poma-García","given":"José"},{"family":"Montaño-Pisfil","given":"Jorge"},{"family":"Morcillo-Valdivia","given":"Pablo"},{"family":"Solís-Farfán","given":"Roberto"},{"family":"Curay-Tribeño","given":"José"},{"family":"Pilco-Nuñez","given":"Alex"},{"family":"Flores-Salinas","given":"José"},{"family":"Tineo-Cordova","given":"Freddy"},{"family":"Virú-Vásquez","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Bravo-Toledo","given":"Luigi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.20944/preprints202501.1166.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202501.1166.v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7125699960","type":"article-journal","title":"Green Synthesis of Biocatalysts for Sustainable Biofuel Production: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions","abstract":"The accelerating global demand for sustainable energy, driven by population growth, industrialization, and environmental concerns, has intensified the search for renewable alternatives to fossil fuels. Biofuels, including bioethanol, biodiesel, biogas, and biohydrogen, offer a viable and practical pathway to reducing net carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Yet, their large-scale production remains constrained by biomass recalcitrance, high pretreatment costs, and the enzyme-intensive nature of conversion processes. Recent advances in enzyme immobilization using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), covalent organic frameworks, metal–organic frameworks, and biochar have significantly improved enzyme stability, recyclability, and catalytic efficiency. Complementary strategies such as cross-linked enzyme aggregates, carrier-free immobilization, and site-specific attachment further reduce enzyme leaching and operational costs, particularly in lipase-mediated biodiesel synthesis. In addition to biocatalysis, nanozymes—nanomaterials exhibiting enzyme-like activity—are emerging as robust co-catalysts for biomass degradation and upgrading, although challenges in selectivity and environmental safety persist. Green synthesis approaches employing plant extracts, microbes, and agro-industrial wastes are increasingly adopted to produce eco-friendly nanomaterials and bio-derived supports aligned with circular economy principles. These functionalized materials have demonstrated promising performance in esterification, transesterification, and catalytic routes for biohydrogen generation. Technoeconomic and lifecycle assessments emphasize the need to balance catalyst complexity with environmental and economic sustainability. Multifunctional catalysts, process intensification strategies, and engineered thermostable enzymes are improving productivity. Looking forward, pilot-scale validation of green-synthesized nano- and biomaterials, coupled with appropriate regulatory frameworks, will be critical for real-world deployment.","author":[{"family":"Muteeb","given":"Ghazala"},{"family":"Abdelrahman","given":"Asmaa"},{"family":"Mohamed","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Basem","given":"Youssef"},{"family":"Sherif","given":"Abanoub"},{"family":"Aatif","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Farhan","given":"Mohd"},{"family":"Jowf","given":"Ghazi"},{"family":"Buran-Omar","given":"Anabelle"},{"family":"Khafaga","given":"Doaa"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/catal16020115","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16020115","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414896874","type":"article-journal","title":"Decarbonizing the Building Sector: The Integrated Role of Environmental, Social, and Governance Indicators","abstract":"Climate change mitigation for the built environment has become a subject of greatest urgency, as buildings account for nearly 40% of total energy consumption and nearly one-third of total CO2 emissions. While environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indicators are increasingly used to monitor sustainability performance, their collective role in impacting building-related emissions is yet largely under-investigated. The current research closes that gap through an examination of the ESG dimension–CO2 emissions intersection of 180 nations from 2000 to 2022, in the hope of illuminating how environmental, social, and governance elements interact to facilitate decarbonization. The research is guided by a multi-method design, including econometric examination, cluster modeling, and machine learning techniques, which provide causal evidence and predictive analysis, respectively. The findings reveal that the deployment of renewable energy significantly reduces emissions, while per capita energy use and PM2.5 air pollution exacerbate this effect. The social indicators show mixed results: learning, women’s parliamentary representation, and women’s workforce representation reduce emissions, while food production and growth among the lowest-income individuals demonstrate higher emissions. Governance demonstrates mixed results as well, with good regulation reducing emissions under specific conditions yet primarily supporting high-income countries with superior infrastructure. The examination of clusters reveals that ESG-balanced performance is retained by countries in the low-emission clusters, whereas decentralized ESG pillars are associated with higher emissions. Machine learning confirms the existence of non-linear effects and identifies PM2.5 exposure and renewable energy deployment as the strongest predictors of the relationship. In summary, the findings suggest that successful policies for decarbonizing the built environment are constructed upon the consistency of environmental, social, and governance plans, rather than single steps.","author":[{"family":"Magaletti","given":"Nicola"},{"family":"Notarnicola","given":"Valeria"},{"family":"Molfetta","given":"Mauro"},{"family":"Leogrande","given":"Angelo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15193601","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15193601","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7117730405","type":"article-journal","title":"Quantifying the Molecular Structural Effects on the Reaction Kinetics and Equilibrium Between Organic Amines and CO2: Insights from Theoretical Calculations","abstract":"Understanding how molecular structure governs the reactivity of organic amines with CO2 is essential for the rational design of next-generation carbon-capture solvents. In this work, three representative series of amines, including linear aliphatic, cyclic aliphatic, and aromatic, were systematically conducted with substituents at different positions, and their reaction rate constants and equilibrium constants with CO2 were calculated using transition state theory. A suite of electronic-structure and steric descriptors, including ALIE, Hirshfeld charge, Fukui functions, and ESP-derived parameters, was developed to quantify structure–reactivity relationships. Linear aliphatic amines were found to be most sensitive to steric hindrance, while cyclic and aromatic amines were predominantly governed by inductive and conjugation effects. Key descriptors such as N_ALIE and q(N) showed strong correlations with both kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, enabling quantitative interpretation of substituent effects. Notably, a positive linear correlation between ln(k) and ln(K) was observed across all amine classes, revealing an intrinsic coupling between reaction rate and equilibrium. These findings deepen the mechanistic understanding of CO2–amine chemistry and provide a theoretical foundation for the targeted design and optimization of high-performance CO2-capture solvents.","author":[{"family":"Cui","given":"Yupeng"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Qiyue"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yousheng"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Chuanlei"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Hui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/separations13010016","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/separations13010016","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406676241","type":"article-journal","title":"Green ammonia production in Denmark: Assessing future potentials and challenges","abstract":"• Production of green ammonia is more economic than blue ammonia at national level in 2030 and 2045. • Hydrogen storage can decrease the required capacity of wind turbines by up to 33.3%. • CCS has a significant impact on the cost analysis of producing blue ammonia. • Green ammonia production requires higher investment costs but lower variable costs. Ammonia stands as one of the most critical chemical products, finding extensive applications across various industries. Currently, its production relies heavily on fossil fuels, leading to the depletion of fossil fuel resources and significant CO 2 emissions. While ammonia is primarily used as a fertilizer in agricultural sectors, its potential as a valuable carbon-free fuel has attracted significant interest in shipping and energy industries. This has led to anticipation of increased ammonia production in the future, primarily through green and carbon-free methods. However, transitioning from the conventional blue ammonia production method, which relies on fossil fuels, to green ammonia production presents considerable challenges and necessitates thorough evaluations. This study compared the impacts of green and blue ammonia production on Denmark’s energy system in 2030 and 2045. It was revealed that green ammonia production entails higher investment costs due to the utilization of electrolysers for hydrogen production, which are powered by wind turbines. Additionally, it contributes to increased investment and fixed operating costs of the energy system, as a considerably larger number of wind turbines are required for green ammonia production. However, the study’s findings indicated that green ammonia production can potentially be more cost-effective than blue ammonia production, especially in 2045 when equipped with hydrogen storage. This cost-effectiveness primarily stems from projected decreases in the costs of electrolysers and hydrogen storage vessels by 2045, as well as the omission of carbon capture and storage (CCS) from the system, along with substantial savings in fuel costs. Thus, the study demonstrated that opting for green ammonia production over blue ammonia generation could lead to a decrease in required additional annual costs by 11.4% and 40% in 2030 and 2045, respectively.","author":[{"family":"Asgharian","given":"Hossein"},{"family":"Lund","given":"Henrik"},{"family":"Thellufsen","given":"Jakob"},{"family":"Iov","given":"Florin"},{"family":"Nielsen","given":"Mads"},{"family":"Liso","given":"Vincenzo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.134423","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2025.134423","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412784733","type":"article-journal","title":"Development and Testing a New Online Dynamic Nomogram for Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Elderly Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction","abstract":"Background: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the most severe form of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), requires timely percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to restore coronary blood flow. However, contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI), the third most common cause of hospital-acquired renal failure, remains a critical complication of PCI. Objective: To develop a machine learning model predicting CI-AKI risk in elderly patients with STEMI patients using clinical features. Methods: Data from 2120 elderly patients with STEMI treated with PCI at Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital (2019-2023) were used for model development and testing. An external validation cohort, comprising 236 individuals, was derived from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database (2008-2019). Lasso regression selected predictors, and nine Machine Learning (ML) algorithms were evaluated via Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Overlapping top-ranked features from high-performing models (AUC >0.8) informed a nomogram. Performance was assessed using AUC and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results: The final model included five independent predictors: lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, diuretic use, residual cholesterol, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen. This model was developed as a simple-to-use online dynamic nomogram. It demonstrated robust discrimination, with C-statistics of 0.782 in the testing dataset and 0.791 in the validation dataset. DCA confirmed its clinical utility across a wide range of risk thresholds. Conclusion: A new online dynamic nomogram was developed to provide a practical tool for CI-AKI risk stratification in elderly STEMI patients, aiding personalized prevention strategies.","author":[{"family":"Jin","given":"Jingkun"},{"family":"Ding","given":"Jiahui"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Linsheng"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"X"},{"family":"Li","given":"Wenhua"},{"family":"Li","given":"Shanshan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.2147/cia.s534736","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s534736","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410979717","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable healthcare practices: Pathways to a carbon-neutral future for the medical industry","abstract":"The healthcare sector is essential for public health but contributes substantially to environmental pollution and carbon emissions, largely through energy-intensive operations, extensive waste generation, and resource-heavy pharmaceutical production. As climate change intensifies, there is a growing imperative for healthcare to adopt carbon-neutral practices that align with global sustainability goals. This narrative review explores the pathways through which healthcare can transition toward carbon neutrality, focusing on energy-efficient hospital designs, eco-friendly medical supplies, sustainable waste management, and low-carbon pharmaceutical manufacturing. Energy-efficient hospital design utilizes renewable energy, sustainable architecture, and AI-driven energy optimization to lower operational emissions. Environmentally sustainable medical supplies reduce single-use plastics by incorporating biodegradable and reusable materials, as well as sustainable procurement practices. Waste management strategies, including waste segregation, recycling, and energy recovery systems, help reduce healthcare’s environmental footprint, while green chemistry and renewable energy integration in pharmaceutical manufacturing further mitigate emissions. Although financial, regulatory, and operational challenges remain, advances in green technology and increasing awareness provide new opportunities for healthcare organizations to adopt sustainable practices. By prioritizing both environmental responsibility and patient care, the healthcare sector can contribute significantly to global climate objectives. This review highlights the importance of collaboration, policy support, and investment in sustainable healthcare to ensure a resilient, low-carbon future.","author":[{"family":"Olawade","given":"David"},{"family":"Popoola","given":"Tunbosun"},{"family":"Egbon","given":"Eghosasere"},{"family":"David-Olawade","given":"Aanuoluwapo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100783","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100783","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406124449","type":"article-journal","title":"Completion of Waste Heat Recovery and CO2 Conversion Simultaneously Based on the Flue Gas Chemical Recuperative Cycle: A Review","abstract":"Energy shortage and greenhouse gas emission have become bottlenecks in current society development. Improving the efficiency of energy conversion and utilization systems through waste heat recovery and reduction of greenhouse gas through CO2 capture/conversion are important solutions. Both can be achieved simultaneously by utilizing high-temperature flue gas or CO2 in flue gas for organic matter gasification, which is called the flue gas chemical recuperative cycle. This paper provides a meaningful review of the latest advancements in the flue gas chemical recuperative cycle system, focusing on its application in diverse gasification systems for organic matters such as methane, sludge, etc. Additionally, this paper reviews methods for the integration of flue gas gasification into energy conversion and utilization systems under the application scenarios of gas turbine flue gas, air combustion flue gas, and oxy-fuel combustion flue gas. Subsequently, in order to improve the conversion efficiency of the chemical recuperative cycle, the applications of emerging gasification technologies in the field of the flue gas recuperative cycle, such as microwave gasification, plasma gasification, etc., are briefly summarized, offering an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms by which new methods enhance the process. Finally, the prospects and challenges of the field are discussed, and a comprehensive outlook is provided to guide future research.","author":[{"family":"He","given":"Mingxin"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Ping"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Xiqiang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Tao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18020232","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18020232","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410741171","type":"article-journal","title":"Design and rationale of PRAGUE-26: a multicentre, randomised trial of catheter-directed thrombolysis for intermediate-high risk acute pulmonary embolism","abstract":"he PRAGUE-26 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05493163) is a non-industry-sponsored, prospective, multicentre, randomised, active-controlled, unblinded, parallel-group study evaluating clinical outcomes in patients with intermediate-high risk acute pulmonary embolism (PE), comparing catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) to standard anticoagulation therapy. Patients with intermediate-high risk acute PE meeting inclusion criteria and not having any exclusion criteria are randomised at a 1:1 ratio to receive either CDT or standard anticoagulation therapy alone. The primary outcome is a clinical composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, PE recurrence, or cardiorespiratory decompensation or collapse, assessed within 7 days of randomisation. The secondary outcomes include bleeding complications, first-line therapy failure, cost-effectiveness analysis, and a broad spectrum of functional and patient-reported outcomes over a 2-year follow-up period. The trial aims to enrol 558 patients. As of 24 November 2024, 258 patients have been randomised. PRAGUE-26 seeks to assess the clinical benefits of simple CDT compared to anticoagulation alone in intermediate-high risk acute PE and aims to contribute to the understanding of this interventional approach. Over the past decade, percutaneous treatment options for intermediate-high and high-risk acute pulmonary embolism (PE) have rapidly evolved. Since 2014, there has been growing evidence for the efficacy and safety of catheter-based treatments for acute PE, supported by data coming from registries, prospective cohorts, and small randomised controlled trials (RCTs)1. However, no large-scale randomised studies comparing interventional to standard treatment have yet been conducted12. Currently, two main interventional strategies are under extensive investigation: (a) catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT), and (b) mechanical thrombectomy. Each approach offers distinct advantages and disadvantages, potentially challenging the current standard of care, particularly in intermediate-high risk PE3. In these patients, CDT has shown some promising results regarding safety and efficacy, regardless of whether simple catheter-directed local thrombolysis or ultrasound-facilitated, catheter-directed thrombolysis (USCDT; EKOS [Boston Scientific]) is used4567. To date, no evidence suggests that one method is more effective than the other89. The industry-sponsored, randomised HI-PEITHO trial, with an adaptable design allowing for up to 544 participants, is currently underway. This trial is comparing USCDT to anticoagulation alone (the current standard of care) in a preselected group of patients with intermediate-high risk PE and is expected to provide much-needed robust clinical data10. In parallel, the investigator-initiated, non-industry-sponsored, academic RCT, titled “A Multicentre, Randomized Trial of Catheter-directed Thrombolysis in Intermediate-high Risk Acute Pulmonary Embolism (PRAGUE-26)” (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05493163), is now in progress. This trial will compare simple CDT (without ultrasound facilitation) to standard anticoagulation alone.","author":[{"family":"Kroupa","given":"J"},{"family":"Radvan","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Mrózek","given":"Jan"},{"family":"Sluka","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Jirouš","given":"Štěpán"},{"family":"Hlinomaz","given":"Ota"},{"family":"Plíva","given":"Milan"},{"family":"Pudil","given":"Jan"},{"family":"Voběrková","given":"Hana"},{"family":"Kozel","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Poloczek","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Kamenik","given":"M"},{"family":"Brabec","given":"M"},{"family":"Lichnerová","given":"Eva"},{"family":"Hutyra","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Bernát","given":"Ivo"},{"family":"Novák","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Toušek","given":"Petr"},{"family":"Kočka","given":"Viktor"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.4244/eij-d-24-01085","URL":"https://doi.org/10.4244/eij-d-24-01085","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410305819","type":"article-journal","title":"The impact of China pilot carbon market policy on electricity carbon emissions","abstract":"The electric power industry is the pillar of the national economy but also the largest carbon emission sector in China, facing great pressure to reduce emissions. Existing research often lacks the analysis of the carbon market on electricity carbon emission reduction. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces (cities) in China from 2003 to 2020, we combine the multi-period difference-in-differences model with the spatial Durbin model to explore the effectiveness of the pilot carbon market policy on electricity carbon emission reduction, the mechanism of its role, and its spatial spillover effect. The results show that: (1) The carbon market policy in the electric power industry can effectively play the carbon emission reduction effect, but its spatial spillover effect exists in the carbon emission transfer phenomenon to weaken the overall emission reduction effect. (2) The pilot carbon market policy mainly promotes carbon emission reduction in the power industry by strengthening government intervention and reducing power energy consumption, and the role of R&D innovation intensity has not yet been substantially realized. (3) The impact of pilot carbon market policies on electricity carbon emission reduction varies according to the degree of emphasis on environmental governance and regional features. The conclusion provides feasible suggestions for policymakers to strengthen the mechanism design of the carbon market in the power industry, which is of great significance for realizing the goal of \"double carbon.\"","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zelong"},{"family":"Xiao","given":"Yanli"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Kun"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Mengyuan"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Ting"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-00975-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00975-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410100589","type":"article-journal","title":"Multicultural Intensive Care: A Cross-sectional Study on Family-centered Care in the United Arab Emirates","abstract":"Introduction Implementing Family-Centered Care (FCC) is widely recognized in healthcare settings for its quality and safety benefits. However, FCC in intensive care units (ICUs), particularly in highly diverse contexts such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE), poses additional challenges due to differing languages, religions, and cultural backgrounds. This cross-sectional study explores the dynamics of family and visitor interactions in UAE ICUs, aiming to provide insights that inform FCC implementation. Objective Understanding the core needs of families with relatives in ICUs is essential for the successful adoption of FCC, highlighting key factors required for effectively navigating the ICU environment. Methods From May to July 2024, a comprehensive study was conducted in selected critical care facilities across the UAE, involving approximately 240 adult family members closely associated with patients undergoing life-saving interventions. Data were gathered using the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI) Support Questionnaire. The data analysis was also conducted at the descriptive and inferential statistics level using SPSS version 16 software. Results and Discussion Among the five domains of the CCFNI, the highest mean score was for Information (38.8 ± 5.1), followed by Comfort (37.0 ± 5.6) and Support (28.0 ± 4.0). Proximity (18.6 ± 3.0) and Assurance (18.9 ± 2.8) recorded the lowest scores. Although families valued being near the patient and receiving assurance about care, their emotional support, timely information, and comfort needs remained insufficiently met in the UAE context. Conclusion & Recommendations Emotional support, timely information, and comfort should be prioritized to advance FCC in UAE ICUs. These findings can guide future research and foster the development of tailored support initiatives addressing the diverse needs of families. Also recommended to adapt visitation guidelines to allow increased family presence, particularly for critically ill patients, while maintaining infection control measures.","author":[{"family":"Noman","given":"Mysa"},{"family":"Alyateem","given":"Nabeel"},{"family":"Dias","given":"Jacqueline"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Fatma"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.2174/0118744346392633250430094344","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118744346392633250430094344","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413193917","type":"article-journal","title":"A Cross-Border Pharmaceutical Operations Framework for Regulatory Compliance and Supply Chain Resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa","abstract":"Cross-border pharmaceutical operations in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face significant challenges due to fragmented regulatory systems, inconsistent customs procedures, limited digital infrastructure, and weak regional coordination. These issues often result in supply chain delays, regulatory non-compliance, and reduced availability of essential medicines—particularly during health emergencies. To address these systemic constraints, this proposes a Cross-Border Pharmaceutical Operations Framework aimed at enhancing regulatory compliance and supply chain resilience across the region. The framework integrates three key components: harmonized regulatory compliance, resilient supply chain design, and digital infrastructure for traceability and data exchange. It advocates for the mutual recognition of drug registration and quality assurance procedures among National Medicines Regulatory Authorities (NMRAs), supported by regional bodies such as the African Medicines Agency (AMA), ECOWAS, and the East African Community (EAC). The supply chain resilience component emphasizes route diversification, demand aggregation across borders, regional buffer stocks, and multi-country warehousing to mitigate disruptions. Furthermore, the digital infrastructure component proposes the adoption of blockchain technology, GS1 standards, and electronic customs documentation to enable real-time traceability and efficient regulatory oversight. The operational strategy emphasizes institutional partnerships, legal alignment, and capacity-building initiatives to enhance the readiness of regulatory and logistics personnel. It also outlines a phased implementation plan supported by monitoring indicators such as clearance times, availability metrics, and compliance rates. Case studies from the EAC-MRH initiative and COVID-19 response measures demonstrate the feasibility and urgency of regional integration. This framework provides a blueprint for a unified and efficient cross-border pharmaceutical ecosystem in SSA. By aligning regulatory practices, investing in digital innovation, and building institutional capacity, SSA can improve medicine availability, combat counterfeiting, and safeguard public health. Future research should explore AI-assisted regulatory systems, federated data governance, and dynamic risk response models for resilient pharmaceutical logistics.","author":[{"family":"Ogayemi","given":"Caroline"},{"family":"Filani","given":"Opeyemi"},{"family":"Osho","given":"Grace"},{"family":"Guinness Nig Plc","given":"Nigeria"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.47191/etj/v10i07.40","URL":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v10i07.40","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416571098","type":"article-journal","title":"Catheter-associated urinary tract infection and associated factors among patients admitted to intensive care unit at King Abdullah Hospital, Bisha, Saudi Arabia","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) lead to increased morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospital stays, and frequent antimicrobial use, potentially leading to development of multidrug-resistant pathogens. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CAUTI and identify risk factors among patients in intensive care units (ICU) at King Abdullah Hospital (KAH), Bisha, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional, hospital-based study was conducted between November 2023 and June 2024 among 327 patients admitted to the ICU at KAH and catheterized with a Foley catheter. Clinical data and general characteristics of the patients were gathered. Identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing of bacterial pathogens were performed as per standard laboratory methods. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions identified factors associated with CAUTI. Results were presented as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and p-values < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. RESULTS: A total of 327 adult patients were enrolled, with a CAUTI prevalence of 27.8% (n = 91). Klebsiella species were the most prevalent isolate (46.2%), followed by Escherichia coli (24.2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.0%). Cotrimoxazole exhibited the highest resistance at 74.7%, followed by cefoxitin at 52.7% and piperacillin/tazobactam at 50.5%. Independent factors associated with CAUTI included advance age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4.34, p < .001), flank pain (aOR = 17.3, p < .001), catheter duration of more than 10 days (aOR = 18.0, p = .022), urinary incontinence (aOR = 18.0, p = .006), urine retention (aOR = 50.81, p < .001), patient with comorbidity (aOR = 37.07, p = .004), number of comorbidities (aOR = 32.07, p < .001), diabetes mellitus (aOR = 35.52, p < .001), hypertension (aOR = 25.02, p = .002), chronic renal diseases (aOR = 9.03, p = .008), cardiovascular diseases (aOR = 30.22, p < .001) and chronic pulmonary diseases (aOR = 15.31, p = .005). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of CAUTI was 27.8%. We identified several factors that affect the development of CAUTI in hospitalized patients. Understanding these risk factors helps identify effective interventions. Enhanced education on catheter management for healthcare providers and patients is crucial to reducing CAUTI. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.","author":[{"family":"Alamri","given":"Hassan"},{"family":"Almalhan","given":"Lama"},{"family":"Alghamdi","given":"Mushabab"},{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Mutasim"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12879-025-12061-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-12061-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415093785","type":"article-journal","title":"Scenario Design and Roadmap for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Vietnam’s Metallurgy Industry","abstract":"This study assesses greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and potential mitigation pathways for Viet Nam’s metallurgical industry, covering both ferrous and non-ferrous sectors. Emissions were estimated for the period 2015 – 2019 following the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, using national industrial statistics, enterprise energy reports, and detailed surveys conducted at major production facilities such as the Southern Steel Plant and Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Joint Stock Company. Two scenarios were projected for 2025 and 2030: a Baseline Scenario, assuming continuation of current practices, and a Mitigation Scenario, which integrates technical and managerial measures including energy efficiency improvements, adoption of electric arc furnaces (EAF), waste heat recovery, fuel switching, deployment of innovative technologies (H₂-DRI, CCUS), and increased recycling of secondary metals. Results indicate that ferrous metallurgy accounts for over 90% of sectoral emissions, dominated by BF – BOF processes, while non-ferrous metallurgy especially aluminum production is experiencing rapid growth, with emissions projected to exceed 8 million tCO₂e by 2030. The proposed measures could reduce industry emissions by 20 – 35% by 2030 relative to the baseline. Based on these findings, a preliminary framework for Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) is suggested to enhance transparency and support integration of the metallurgical sector into Viet Nam’s national climate strategies and emerging carbon market mechanisms.","author":[{"family":"Tran","given":"Xuan"},{"family":"Le","given":"Tri"},{"family":"Dinh","given":"Lam"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.29227/im-2025-02-74","URL":"https://doi.org/10.29227/im-2025-02-74","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7115714361","type":"article-journal","title":"Pore‐Scale Intermittent Flow and Its Impact on Two‐Phase Fluid Distribution in Porous Media","abstract":"Abstract Understanding two‐phase flow in porous media is essential for optimizing subsurface storage efficiency. Pore‐scale flow properties significantly influence macroscopic plume migration behavior and trapping performance. However, the inherent complexity of porous media impedes real‐time tracking of pore‐scale flow dynamics, leaving the mechanisms governing CO 2 ‐brine steady‐state flow largely unexplored. In this study, CO 2 ‐brine co‐injection experiments were conducted to explore fluid flow and distribution at the pore scale using X‐ray computed tomography (X‐ray CT) imaging. The results reveal that both the nonwetting and wetting phases, as well as the intermittent flow with CT grayscale values between those of nonwetting and wetting, are strongly affected by the capillary number. The nonwetting phase primarily occupies larger pores, while the wetting phase exhibits a bimodal distribution across small and big pores. This bimodal distribution is attributed to the core's heterogeneity and the presence of water layers along the pore walls, which also provides a unique insight into water layer identification at the pore scale. Additionally, the experiments reveal a distinct phenomenon where the morphology of the nonwetting phase transitions from clusters to singlets and then to ganglia as nonwetting phase capillary numbers vary. This transition highlights the role of the intermittent flow in modifying nonwetting phase morphology, leading to disconnections and reconnections that alter connectivity and relative permeability.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Shaohua"},{"family":"Lv","given":"Pengfei"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Cai"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Jintao"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Menglan"},{"family":"Tong","given":"Baocai"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Lanlan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Song","given":"Yongchen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2025wr040858","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr040858","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411707382","type":"article-journal","title":"Scaling CO 2 Electroreduction Revolution: Pathways from Laboratory Breakthroughs to Industrial Implementation","abstract":"Abstract Electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) offers a sustainable pathway to convert CO 2 into value‐added fuels and chemicals using renewable energy. Recent breakthroughs in catalyst engineering and reactor design have achieved industrial‐relevant current density (>1 A cm⁻ 2 ) and high Faradaic efficiency (FE) (>80% for C 1 /C 2+ products), but the technology remains constrained to laboratory prototypes. This review critically examines the engineering challenges hindering industrial deployment of CO 2 RR systems, focusing on three key Operational parameters in scaling implementation electrolyzer architectures: membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), solid oxide electrolyzer cells (SOECs), and modular stack designs. The operational bottlenecks in scaling these systems, including mass transport limitation, conversion efficiency, and long‐term stability under industrial current densities, are systematically analyzed. By correlating material innovations with reactor engineering strategies, the critical challenges for achieving energy‐efficient CO 2 conversion at scale are identified. The review further outlines technological roadmaps addressing material scalability, system durability, sustainability with intermittent renewables, and techno‐economic feasibility. Emphasizing the synergy between electrochemical engineering and industrial manufacturing requirements, this work provides practical guidelines to bridge the lab‐to‐industry gap, accelerating CO 2 RR commercialization for global carbon neutrality goals.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Qun"},{"family":"You","given":"Xiaoyu"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Jiabin"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Zhiyong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adfm.202508825","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202508825","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7123358437","type":"article-journal","title":"Inspiratory muscle training in weaning from prolonged mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","abstract":"Prolonged mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (ICU) patients poses significant challenges, including increased morbidity and healthcare costs. Effective weaning strategies are critical to improving patient's outcomes, yet the optimal approach remains unclear. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has emerged as a potential adjunct therapy to facilitate weaning, addressing the gap in standardized interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the effectiveness of IMT on weaning from mechanical ventilation in ICU patients. Seven randomized controlled trials published since 2019 were analyzed, comparing various IMT protocols. The findings support that high-intensity IMT can enhance extubation success rates and reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation. However, considerable variability in protocols and patient populations limits the generalizability of these findings. The findings underscore the urgent need for further research to standardize IMT protocols and to identify the patient subgroups most likely to benefit. Future studies should focus on refining methodologies and developing consensus-based guidelines to maximize the effectiveness of IMT in ICU settings. This review highlights the potential of IMT as a targeted strategy to improve weaning outcomes, reinforcing the importance of advancing evidence-based practices in critical care. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD420251070529.","author":[{"family":"Andrade-Rebolledo","given":"Francisca"},{"family":"Villagra-Morales","given":"Guillermo"},{"family":"Pérez","given":"Leonardo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1719837","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1719837","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415930870","type":"article-journal","title":"The Influence of CO2 Injection Timing and Well Placement on Storage Indicators in a Producing Natural Gas Reservoir with High CO2 Content","abstract":"Carbon capture and storage is recognized as the best method for CO2 emission mitigation in cases where the emissions cannot be avoided by switching to renewable energy or by increasing efficiency. In the Republic of Croatia, there are a number of gas-condensate reservoirs with a high content of CO2 that are adequate candidates for CO2 storage. The injection starts at selected different points before the end of production and might bring financial benefits as a result of CO2 injection patterns and efficient permanent storage. Employing a model of a typical reservoir, various scenarios of CO2 injection are examined to assess the impact of injection well positioning and timing on the reservoir’s sustainability for permanent CO2 storage. The main indicators used for the assessment are additional hydrocarbon recovery, retention, and storability.","author":[{"family":"Vulin","given":"Domagoj"},{"family":"Jukić","given":"Lucija"},{"family":"Kružić","given":"Valentina"},{"family":"Dujaković","given":"Ante"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17219876","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219876","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406864417","type":"article-journal","title":"To Be Digital Is to Be Sustainable—Tourist Perceptions and Tourism Development Foster Environmental Sustainability","abstract":"The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is widely used in many areas but is rarely applied to determine the link between tourists’ perceptions of tourism development and environmental sustainability. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) explore the relationships among tourism development, tourists’ perceptions, and environmental sustainability, (2) examine the mediating role of blockchain technology in these relationships, and (3) analyze the use of the TAM for sustainable practices in tourism. Data were collected from tourists on their perceptions of the impact of tourism on the environment, their use of information technology (IT) during their visits, and their willingness to pay for sustainable tourism practices. The data collected from 473 respondents were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that tourism development and perceptions have a significant impact on environmental sustainability. Furthermore, blockchain technology directly affects environmental sustainability and partially mediates the relationship between tourism development and tourists’ perception constructs on environmental sustainability. This study contributes to the understanding of the relationships among tourism development, tourist perceptions, and environmental sustainability, analyzed through the lens of the TAM. Although the TAM has been used in several technology adoption and behavioral studies, this is its first application in the context of sustainable tourism, specifically used in exploring perceptions of environmental sustainability, limited to the environmentally rich Gilgit-Baltistan region in Pakistan.","author":[{"family":"Karim","given":"Rehmat"},{"family":"Goh","given":"Gerald"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Yvonne"},{"family":"Zeb","given":"Ali"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17031053","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17031053","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406087911","type":"article-journal","title":"The development of a decision support tool in the prehospital setting for acute chest pain – a study protocol for an observational study (BRIAN2)","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Chest pain is one of the most common reasons for contacting the emergency medical services (EMS). It is difficult for EMS personnel to distinguish between patients suffering from a high-risk condition in need of prompt hospital care and patients suitable for non-conveyance. A vast majority of patients with chest pain are therefore transported to the emergency department (ED) for further investigation even if hospital care is not necessary. Improved prehospital assessment and risk stratification, thus accurately and safely identifying patients suitable for non-conveyance, could prevent unnecessary transport to the ED. This would reduce ED crowding and overburdening sparse EMS resources. It would thus also probably reduce healthcare costs. Little is known about the prehospital use of the 5th generation, i.e. high-sensitivity troponin analyses. The aim of this project is to develop an EMS decision support tool using high-sensitivity troponin I for risk assessment of chest pain patients. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a prospective, multicentre, cohort study including adult unselected EMS patients with chest pain. Data is being collected from 20 May 2023 to 31 December 2025, aiming to include at least 2,000 patients. High-sensitivity troponin I is being analysed bedside using Siemens Healthineers Atellica VTLi. In addition to prehospital troponin I, data is being collected on patient medical history, onset, vital signs, symptoms, ECG and diagnosis at hospital discharge. Several statistical analyses (random forest, logistic regression, gradient boosting) will be conducted to identify the best model for identifying patients with low-risk conditions suitable for non-conveyance. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study has been approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr 2022-01066-01 and 2022-06846-02). Patients are being informed about the study both orally and in writing. The results of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at national and/or international conferences. REGISTRATION DETAILS: The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05767619).","author":[{"family":"Lökholm","given":"Elin"},{"family":"Magnusson","given":"Carl"},{"family":"Herlitz","given":"Johan"},{"family":"Ravnfischer","given":"Annica"},{"family":"Hammarsten","given":"Ola"},{"family":"Johansson","given":"Magnus"},{"family":"Hallin","given":"Kristoffer"},{"family":"Wibring","given":"Kristoffer"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s13049-024-01314-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-024-01314-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7128303344","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Emission Calculation During the Production and Construction Phases of Overhead Transmission Lines","abstract":"Overhead transmission lines are crucial components of power grid construction, and their carbon emissions significantly impact the low-carbon construction of the power grid. This study adopts a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) method, defining the system boundary as the material production, transportation, and construction phases. Using the carbon-accounting software eFootprint and the emission factor method, we calculate and analyze the carbon emissions of a 500 kV double-circuit overhead transmission line project in Shantou, Guangdong Province, and systematically examine the emission characteristics from material production through construction. Results show that the material production phase dominates the carbon emissions of the project, accounting for 99.82% of the total emissions. Among them, conductors (49.41%) and tower materials (37.28%) are the core sources of carbon emissions, with a combined contribution of 86.69%. The findings highlight conductors and towers as key targets for emission reduction through strategies such as optimized material selection, adoption of high-strength lightweight alternatives, and modular construction techniques. However, this analysis has limitations: it is confined to a single subtropical coastal project, relies on industry-average emission factors from the CLCD database (with inherent methodological uncertainties), excludes operational and end-of-life phases, and should not be generalized without regional validation. While the study identifies key emission hotspots and potential mitigation levers, quantitative low-carbon design guidance requires project-specific data and full life-cycle assessment.","author":[{"family":"Zeng","given":"Ting"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Y"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Liuhuo"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Mingpeng"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Binbin"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Huijun"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Yuchen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en19040873","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en19040873","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413864066","type":"article-journal","title":"Unlocking BECCS viability through monetizing societal benefits by techno-socio-economic assessment","abstract":"Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is considered a key technology for achieving the net-zero emissions target by simultaneously delivering net-negative emissions and usable energy. However, large-scale deployment remains limited due to its poor investment attractiveness. Traditional Techno-Economic Assessments (TEA), even when accounting for carbon credits revenue, show that BECCS systems are not financially competitive with conventional or renewable energy sources. This study introduces a Techno-Socio-Economic Assessment (TSEA) framework that integrates overlooked societal benefits, such as indirect emission displacement and job creation, by monetising them through the social cost of carbon (SC) and the opportunity cost of labour. A case study evaluates a wheat-straw-fuelled combined heat and power BECCS facility operating under three strategies: electricity and heat cogeneration, carbon credit maximization, and electricity maximization. Conventional TEA results show negative profitability (NPV = −$460 million) and reveal that carbon credit prices must exceed $240/tCO₂ for the levelized cost of electricity to reach parity with renewable energies. Under the TSEA framework, all configurations become profitable with the electricity-maximizing mode reaching an NPV of $2.28 billion. Sensitivity analysis highlights profitability's strong dependence on the assumed social cost of carbon, underscoring the uncertainty and policy sensitivity of BECCS economics. These findings underscore the need to recognize and monetise BECCS's full societal value. Future policies must determine who bears the cost of carbon damages and must establish mechanisms to ensure stakeholders are fairly compensated for the broader social benefits delivered by BECCS, thus fostering investment and enabling real-world deployment of this essential technology.","author":[{"family":"Almena","given":"Alberto"},{"family":"Pashakolaie","given":"Vahid"},{"family":"Martın","given":"Mariano"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.spc.2025.08.016","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2025.08.016","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7138919570","type":"article-journal","title":"NH 3 -Mediated Reactive Capture and Conversion: Integrating CO 2 Absorption from Flue Gas with CO Production via NH 4 HCO 3 Electrolysis","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Efficient carbon capture and utilization require strategies that minimize energy penalties of CO 2 regeneration and compression. Reactive capture and conversion (RCC) address this challenge by integrating capture with direct electrochemical conversion. Here, we show an NH 3 -mediated tandem RCC system that couples capture of CO 2 from simulated flue gas (10% v/v CO 2 in N 2 ) with electroreduction of NH 4 HCO 3 to CO over a Ni single-atom catalyst (Ni-SAC). Speciation modeling and capture experiments revealed that a deep CO 2 capture with C/N ratio of 0.65 was achieved using 2.5 M NH 3 from simulated flue gas. Electrolysis of the resulting NH 4 HCO 3 on the Ni-SAC delivered an 85% CO Faradaic efficiency at 100 mA/cm 2 with excellent tolerance to NH 3 /NH 4 + as confirmed by DFT calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. Further, the techno-economic analysis established a levelized total cost of CO manufacturing of $25.43/kmol, gauging the practical viability. Overall, this study holds great potential to decarbonize the chemical manufacturing industry while reducing synthetic production costs.","author":[{"family":"Kang","given":"Sujin"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Shoutian"},{"family":"An","given":"Lun"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Qi","given":"Long"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Wenyu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Shuang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Wenzhen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c04265","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c04265","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411434980","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-Carbon Footprint Organo-Mineral Fertilizer Increases Potato Yield, Nitrogen Uptake, and Soil Nutrient Levels Comparable to Conventional Fertilizer","abstract":"Abstract With global agriculture facing pressure to reduce synthetic inputs while maintaining productivity, developing sustainable fertilizers is critical for staple crops like potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Here, for the first time, we compared the efficacy of a novel carbon-capture and N-rich organo-mineral fertilizer (CCOMF) to standard mineral N fertilizer (NH4NO3) rates of 140 kg ha−1, half rate of 70 kg ha−1, and their interaction with two arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal inocula on potato growth, yield, N uptake, and soil nutrient availability in a fully factorial design greenhouse trial. Results showed no significant fertilizer × AM fungal interaction on agronomic parameters, likely due to poor AM establishment and low root colonization (2% ± 0.3). CCOMF performed similarly to mineral N fertilizer, increasing potato total tuber yield (20%) and plant N uptake (59%) compared with unfertilized control but had no significant increment on marketable tuber. CCOMF stabilized soil organic matter (SOM) at 3.15%, comparable to baseline levels, while standard N fertilizer decreased SOM by 10%, although not statistically significant. These findings support CCOMF as a viable alternative to conventional fertilizers, warranting field-scale trials to validate long-term agronomic and soil health benefits under diverse environmental conditions.","author":[{"family":"Oladele","given":"Segun"},{"family":"Gould","given":"Iain"},{"family":"Varga","given":"Sandra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s11540-025-09871-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11540-025-09871-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409172339","type":"article-journal","title":"Experimental Study on the Optimization of CO2 Flooding Miscibility-Reducing Agents for Low Permeability Reservoirs","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide CO 2 flooding is one of the paramount approaches to ameliorating the oil recovery rate of low-permeability reservoirs. Additionally, the physical and geological characteristics of low-permeability reservoir crude oil are less desirable owing to the influence of continental sedimentary structures. The minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) between CO 2 and crude oil is generally higher than the formation fracture pressure, thereby rendering it difficult for CO 2 to form miscibility with crude oil. Under such circumstances, a miscibility-reducing agent can be adopted to lower the miscibility pressure between CO 2 and crude oil, thus achieving CO 2 oil miscible phase flooding and elevating recovery efficiency. This paper first selected the most effective miscibility-reducing agent through molecular simulation experiments and core displacement experiments, and subsequently evaluated the injection effect of the miscibility-reducing agent on heightening the recovery rate of CO 2 flooding in low-permeability reservoir cores. This research obtained the effect of the miscibility-reducing agents on the aggregation degree of CO 2 molecules and asphaltene molecules during the oil gas mixing process from the radial distribution function and analyzed its function mechanism. On this basis, the core flooding experiment method was adopted to screen for the optimal miscibility-reducing agent with the best miscibility-reducing agent effect. Afterward, the impact of miscibility-reducing agent injection on the CO 2 flooding development effect of the low-permeability core was evaluated systematically. As demonstrated by the molecular simulation results, selected miscibility-reducing agents displayed desirable electron transfer ability with CO 2; Triisobutyl citrate can effectively heighten the aggregation degree of CO 2 molecules and lessen the aggregation degree of asphaltene molecules, with the most conspicuous effect; The results of the core flooding experiment revealed that upon the injection of triisobutyl citrate, the MMP reduction between CO 2 and crude oil exhibited the most remarkable trend, so it was selected as the best miscibility-reducing agent. The mechanism by which triisobutyl citrate can effectively reduce MMP mainly includes lowering crude oil viscosity and oil gas interfacial tension, and promoting the CO 2 extraction ability. The indoor three-dimensional well network model CO 2 flooding experiment results suggested that after injecting 0.07 PV of triisobutyl citrate preflush slug, the CO 2 flooding recovery rate increased from 47.78% OOIP without the injection of miscibility-reducing agents to 59.86% OOIP. The selected triisobutyl citrate displayed a striking effect on augmenting the CO 2 flooding recovery rate of low-permeability reservoirs. The research results provide a reference and inspiration for the high-quality and efficient development of CO 2 flooding in low-permeability oil reservoirs.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Shuaishuai"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Li"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhihao"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Xiang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhiqiang"},{"family":"Xing","given":"Mengyi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Fushan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c00579","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c00579","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417323351","type":"article-journal","title":"Bridging the Gap: Exploring Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Artery Coupling in Acute Coronary syndrome–A Pilot Study","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Right ventricular-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling evaluates the relationship between right ventricular contractility and afterload. It is normal when both are well-matched. A reduction in RV contractility or an increase in RV afterload leads to RV-PA uncoupling, decreasing left ventricular filling, stroke volume, and causing peripheral hypoperfusion and congestion. The TAPSE/PASP ratio is a reliable non-invasive method to assess this coupling. An impaired TAPSE/PASP ratio is associated with poor prognosis in conditions of elevated RV afterload, but its role in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unclear. AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the in-hospital prognostic value of the TAPSE/PASP ratio and the predictors of a low TAPSE/PASP ratio. METHODS: This retrospective, pilot study included 152 patients admitted for ACS (77.6% STEMI, 22.4% NSTEMI) between November 2023 and March 2025, with available TAPSE/PASP data from echocardiography performed at admission. The primary objective was to assess whether the TAPSE/PASP ratio predicts in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Secondary objectives included evaluating whether TAPSE/PASP predicts in-hospital ventricular arrhythmias, intraventricular thrombosis, prolonged hospital stay, and identifying predictors of a low TAPSE/PASP ratio. RESULTS: TAPSE/PASP < 0.55 was significantly associated with MACE and prolonged hospital stay in univariate analysis, but not in multivariate analysis. TAPSE/PASP < 0.55 was largely explained by E/e' >14 (OR 6.600; p = 0.0008), RV involvement (OR 9.430; p = 0.0007), and age >75 years (OR 3.243; p = 0.0389). CONCLUSIONS: Low RV-PA coupling (TAPSE/PASP < 0.55) is associated with MACE and prolonged hospital stay in ACS, but lacks independent prognostic value in multivariate analysis.","author":[{"family":"Piras","given":"Linda"},{"family":"Tartaglia","given":"Nicola"},{"family":"Tocci","given":"Giuliano"},{"family":"Barbato","given":"Emanuele"},{"family":"Battistoni","given":"Allegra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40292-025-00760-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-025-00760-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415542575","type":"article-journal","title":"Observation of the doubly-charmed-baryon decay $$ {\\Xi}_{cc}^{++}\\to {\\Xi}_c^0{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $$","abstract":"A bstract A search for the doubly-charmed-baryon decay $$ {\\Xi}_{cc}^{++}\\to {\\Xi}_c^0{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $$ Ξ cc + + → Ξ c 0 π + π + is performed using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 . 4 fb − 1 . A significant structure consistent with the $$ {\\Xi}_{cc}^{++} $$ Ξ cc + + baryon is observed in the $$ {\\Xi}_c^0{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $$ Ξ c 0 π + π + invariant-mass spectrum. Using the $$ {\\Xi}_{cc}^{++}\\to {\\Lambda}_c^{+}{K}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+} $$ Ξ cc + + → Λ c + K − π + π + decay as the normalisation channel, the branching fraction ratio, $$ \\frac{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_{cc}^{++}\\to {\\Xi}_c^0{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)}{\\mathcal{B}\\left({\\Xi}_{cc}^{++}\\to {\\Lambda}_c^{+}{K}^{-}{\\pi}^{+}{\\pi}^{+}\\right)} $$ B Ξ cc + + → Ξ c 0 π + π + B Ξ cc + + → Λ c + K − π + π + , is measured to be 1 . 37 ± 0 . 18 (stat) ± 0 . 09 (syst) ± 0 . 35 (ext). This measurement provides critical input for testing QCD factorisation methods in the weak decays of doubly-heavy baryons, particularly in quantifying nonperturbative effects such as final-state interactions and resonance contributions to the hadronisation process.","author":[{"family":"Aaij","given":"R"},{"family":"Abdelmotteleb","given":"ASW"},{"family":"Beteta","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Abudinén","given":"F"},{"family":"Ackernley","given":"T"},{"family":"Adefisoye","given":"AA"},{"family":"Adeva","given":"B"},{"family":"Adinolfi","given":"M"},{"family":"Adlarson","given":"P"},{"family":"Agapopoulou","given":"C"},{"family":"Aidala","given":"C"},{"family":"Ajaltouni","given":"Z"},{"family":"Akar","given":"S"},{"family":"Akiba","given":"KC"},{"family":"Albicocco","given":"P"},{"family":"Albrecht","given":"J"},{"family":"Alessio","given":"F"},{"family":"Alexander","given":"M"},{"family":"Aliouche","given":"Zakariya"},{"family":"Cartelle","given":"PÁ"},{"family":"Amalric","given":"R"},{"family":"Amato","given":"S"},{"family":"Amey","given":"JL"},{"family":"Amhis","given":"Y"},{"family":"An","given":"L"},{"family":"Anderlini","given":"L"},{"family":"Andersson","given":"M"},{"family":"Andreianov","given":"A"},{"family":"Andreola","given":"P"},{"family":"Andreotti","given":"M"},{"family":"Andreou","given":"D"},{"family":"Anelli","given":"Alessia"},{"family":"Ao","given":"D"},{"family":"Archilli","given":"F"},{"family":"Argenton","given":"Matteo"},{"family":"Cuendis","given":"SA"},{"family":"Artamonov","given":"A"},{"family":"Artuso","given":"M"},{"family":"Aslanides","given":"E"},{"family":"Silva","given":"RAD"},{"family":"Atzeni","given":"M"},{"family":"Audurier","given":"B"},{"family":"Bacher","given":"D"},{"family":"Bachiller","given":"I"},{"family":"Bachmann","given":"S"},{"family":"Bachmayer","given":"Marie"},{"family":"Back","given":"JJ"},{"family":"Rodríguez","given":"PB"},{"family":"Balagura","given":"V"},{"family":"Balboni","given":"A"},{"family":"Baldini","given":"W"},{"family":"Balzani","given":"Luca"},{"family":"Bao","given":"H"},{"family":"Leite","given":"JBDS"},{"family":"Pretel","given":"CB"},{"family":"Barbetti","given":"M"},{"family":"Barbosa","given":"IR"},{"family":"Barlow","given":"RJ"},{"family":"Barnyakov","given":"Mikhail"},{"family":"Barsuk","given":"S"},{"family":"Barter","given":"W"},{"family":"Bartz","given":"Justin"},{"family":"Basels","given":"JM"},{"family":"Bashir","given":"S"},{"family":"Batsukh","given":"B"},{"family":"Battista","given":"Piera"},{"family":"Bay","given":"A"},{"family":"Beck","given":"A"},{"family":"Becker","given":"M"},{"family":"Bedeschi","given":"F"},{"family":"Bediaga","given":"I"},{"family":"Behling","given":"Noah"},{"family":"Belin","given":"S"},{"family":"Belous","given":"K"},{"family":"Belov","given":"I"},{"family":"Belyaev","given":"I"},{"family":"Benane","given":"G"},{"family":"Bencivenni","given":"G"},{"family":"Ben-Haim","given":"E"},{"family":"Berezhnoy","given":"A"},{"family":"Bernet","given":"R"},{"family":"Andres","given":"SB"},{"family":"Bertolin","given":"A"},{"family":"Betancourt","given":"C"},{"family":"Betti","given":"F"},{"family":"Bex","given":"J"},{"family":"Bezshyiko","given":"Ia"},{"family":"Bezshyyko","given":"O"},{"family":"Bhom","given":"J"},{"family":"Bieker","given":"MS"},{"family":"Biesuz","given":"NV"},{"family":"Billoir","given":"P"},{"family":"Biolchini","given":"A"},{"family":"Birch","given":"M"},{"family":"Bishop","given":"FCR"},{"family":"Bitadze","given":"A"},{"family":"Bizzeti","given":"A"},{"family":"Blake","given":"T"},{"family":"Blanc","given":"F"},{"family":"Blank","given":"JE"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/jhep10(2025)136","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep10(2025)136","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412361674","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancements in Direct Air Capture Technologies: Engineering Solutions for Scalable CO₂ Removal","abstract":"Direct Air Capture (DAC) is an innovative technology that extracts carbon dioxide (CO₂) directly from the atmosphere, offering a vital tool to combat climate change by reducing greenhouse gas levels. This review explores advancements in DAC systems to support large-scale CO₂ removal, targeting 1–10 billion tons annually by 2050 to achieve global net-zero emissions. Recent progress includes improved methods using solid materials and liquid solutions, which have increased efficiency by 15–20% and lowered costs to $200–600 per ton of CO₂ removed. Operational facilities now capture up to 1 million tons of CO₂ yearly, demonstrating practical success. Engineering solutions, such as modular designs and renewable energy use, reduce costs by 15% and energy needs by 10–20%, enabling expansion to larger scales. DAC can achieve net CO₂ reductions of up to 0.9 tons per ton captured, but its environmental benefits depend on clean energy sources to minimize emissions during operation. Challenges include high costs, significant energy requirements, and limited global infrastructure for CO₂ storage and transport. Future efforts should focus on developing durable materials, building 10–20 DAC hubs worldwide by 2035, and introducing stronger financial incentives to cut costs to $100 per ton. This study highlights DAC’s potential to significantly contribute to climate goals, provided technological and policy barriers are overcome. By advancing engineering and fostering global cooperation, DAC can complement emissions reduction efforts, ensuring a sustainable path to net-zero.","author":[{"family":"Sodiq","given":"Hikmat"},{"family":"Ogunwoye","given":"Temitayo"},{"family":"Omekawum","given":"Nicodemus"},{"family":"Agboola","given":"Oluwabusayo"},{"family":"Akuagwu","given":"Patrick"},{"family":"Umeh","given":"Miracle"},{"family":"Umar","given":"MA"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.30574/gjeta.2025.24.1.0214","URL":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2025.24.1.0214","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407396031","type":"article-journal","title":"The Computational Modeling of Grid‐Connected Double‐Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (DCMFC) Bioenergy Utilizing MATLAB Simulink Software","abstract":"Owing to the depletion of fossil fuels, rising energy costs, and environmental pollution, there has been a growing focus on exploring and exploiting renewable energy sources. This study aims to demonstrate the modeling of a grid‐connected double‐chamber microbial fuel cell (DCMFC) biomass energy system via MATLAB Simulink software. The experimental measurements obtained from DCMFC outputs served as the basis for developing the inverter‐grid connection model and simulation output in MATLAB Simulink software. Briefly, the DCMFC DC boost voltage was connected to the positive and negative buses of the three‐phase DC‒AC inverter circuit, with switching patterns controlled by gate pulses in each transistor. Full square wave single‐stage PWM pulses are generated by the gate for control. The power generated by the inverter was measured via a three‐phase VI block for analysis, with voltages and currents displayed via a scope. To address potential noise during switching, an LC filter is employed to suppress noise output and stabilize power generation. Another power meter measures power from the grid, with waveforms displayed via scope blocks. Before synchronization between power from the DCMFC and the grid occurs, four requirements must be met: the grid voltage must match the inverter output voltage, the inverter frequency must match the grid frequency, the phase sequence must be the same, and the phase angle of the inverter must match that of the grid. Additionally, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)‐specific requirements were evaluated during the simulation for this study. In addition, this study critically examined whether the DCMFC inverter model conforms to conventional requirements, International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards, and IEEE standards for the integration of inverters into the grid. Compared with previous studies on inverter modeling for grid connections, past studies have emphasized the efficacy of biomass power plants and different inverter topologies for photovoltaic (PV) systems. The current study focuses on optimizing a multilevel inverter‐based model, achieving low total harmonic distortion (THD) below IEEE standards. In this study, the use of a multilevel inverter configuration proved highly effective in reducing the harmonic content, leading to synchronized phase sequences and enhanced coherence between the grid and inverter voltages. With a THD of 4.75% at 50 Hz, supported by a harmonic distortion value of 422.5, the chosen configuration significantly minimized the harmonic distortion. This success underpins the system’s reliability and efficiency, offering promising implications for practical applications.","author":[{"family":"Shabangu","given":"Khaya"},{"family":"Mthembu","given":"Nhlanhla"},{"family":"Chetty","given":"Maggie"},{"family":"Bakare","given":"Babatunde"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/er/5398834","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/5398834","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417152630","type":"article-journal","title":"Hydro‐Mechanical‐Chemical Behavior of Sedimentary Rock During CO 2 Injection","abstract":"Abstract This study examines the effect of CO 2 treatment duration on the poroviscoelastic properties of sedimentary rock, including sandstone, limestone, and shale. A hydro‐mechanical‐chemical (HMC) coupling framework is employed to evaluate the time‐dependent response of fluid‐saturated rock subjected to CO 2 exposure. Laboratory experiments are performed on pristine specimens and those treated for 1–3 weeks, using a modified hydrostatic compression system. Carbonate mineral dissolution plays a key role in altering poroviscoelastic properties, especially in limestone and calcite‐bearing shales, leading to an increase in their porosity and Skempton's B coefficient, and a decrease in their bulk and solid moduli, as well as bulk viscosity. These changes enhance the time‐dependent deformation and influence the porosity evolution. The HMC model, calibrated with the experimental data, predicts CO 2 injection‐induced porosity changes by accounting for the competing processes of chemical dissolution and time‐dependent compaction. This study highlights the need to incorporate the coupled effects to accurately predict rock behavior during CO 2 storage and to support realistic assessments of long‐term reservoir and caprock performance.","author":[{"family":"Kim","given":"Hyunbin"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Kiseok"},{"family":"Makhnenko","given":"Roman"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2025jb032279","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025jb032279","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416673611","type":"article-journal","title":"Highlights on the Effects of Graphene-Family Materials Dispersion on Hydration and Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Materials","abstract":"Graphene-family materials (GFMs) have gained notoriety in academic research due to their ability to improve the mechanical properties of cementitious matrices and provide new functionalities to conventional systems, such as self-healing properties. However, the use of GFMs faces challenges due to the difficulty of these materials dispersing properly in cementitious matrices, often resulting in the agglomeration of nanomaterials. This tendency to agglomerate directly impacts critical properties of cementitious matrices such as workability and mechanical strength. Therefore, several research studies are being conducted to address dispersion issues and understand the interactions between GFMs and their matrices. However, the literature still lacks consensus on important topics, such as the parameter definitions that influence the cement hydration reaction rate, the factors affecting workability, the cement/GFMs interaction models, the type and optimal amount of GFMs to be used for each system, the characteristics of those GFMs (type and amount of functional groups, presence or absence of defects), and how differences in matrices and dispersants affect mechanical strength parameters. Finally, this work synthesizes the current knowledge on the effects of GFMs and their dispersion on cementitious properties, while also providing an assessment of the limitations of meta-analytical approaches in this field.","author":[{"family":"Prudente","given":"Isis"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Hericles"},{"family":"Fonseca","given":"Jander"},{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Jéssica"},{"family":"Shibutani","given":"André"},{"family":"Gimenez","given":"Iara"},{"family":"Santos","given":"Euler"},{"family":"Barreto","given":"Ledjane"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsomega.5c07530","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c07530","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411469029","type":"article-journal","title":"Iatrogenic aortic dissection in minimally invasive cardiac surgery for atrioventricular valves and atrial structures","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: In the last decades, minimally invasive cardiac surgery has emerged as an alternative approach to conventional median sternotomy. However, some reports state an increased risk of iatrogenic acute aortic dissection. Evidence remains limited regarding preoperative diagnostics for risk reduction and the appropriate adjustment of surgical procedures if acute aortic dissection is detected intraoperatively. METHODS: In this retrospective single-centre observational study, we analysed 1065 patients who underwent minimally invasive cardiac surgery via right anterolateral thoracotomy for atrioventricular valves and atrial structures with femoral cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass from August 2009 to June 2021. Occurrence of iatrogenic acute aortic dissection was evaluated, along with patient profiles and the primary composite outcome of major adverse cardiovascular events (non-fatal stroke, myocardial infarction or cardiovascular death). An optimal perioperative strategy was subsequently described. RESULTS: Intraoperative iatrogenic acute aortic dissection was observed in 8 patients (0.75%). It was identified at the start of cardiopulmonary bypass in 4 patients (50.0%). All patients underwent conversion to full sternotomy; 7 patients underwent additional aortic surgery with circulatory arrest thereafter. In-hospital mortality was 37.5% (n = 3), including 1 intraoperative death. Non-fatal stroke was observed in 12.5% (n = 1). A preoperative computed tomography scan was missing in 3 patients with aortic calcification (n = 1) and hostile peripheral arteries (n = 2). CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative aortic dissection in minimally invasive cardiac surgery remains a rare complication. Frequent major adverse cardiovascular events highlight the importance of preoperative imaging based procedure planning. Intraoperatively, early diagnosis with standardized monitoring and time- and location-specific surgical adaptations might increase safety and outcomes.","author":[{"family":"Bauer","given":"Sebastian"},{"family":"Sugimura","given":"Yukiharu"},{"family":"Schoettler","given":"Friederike"},{"family":"Immohr","given":"Moritz"},{"family":"Suzuki","given":"Tomoyuki"},{"family":"Mehdiani","given":"Arash"},{"family":"Aubin","given":"Hug"},{"family":"Lichtenberg","given":"Artur"},{"family":"Akhyari","given":"Payam"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ejcts/ezaf135","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaf135","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412711805","type":"article-journal","title":"How are oil and gas firms integrating carbon dioxide removal into their climate strategies?","abstract":"We question whether the oil and gas sector can be relied upon to take the lead in upscaling carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Analyzing the annual reports and sustainability documents published in 2024 by the 12 oil and gas firms that are part of the Oil and Gas Climate Initiative (OGCI), we find that all firms maintain nominal net zero targets, but are vague on how they plan to scale CDR. Instead, CDR reporting is project-focused, anecdotal and combined piecemeal into an existing raft of initiatives and apparent investments into “climate solutions” consistent with the private sector turn towards environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure and self-regulation. Afforestation/reforestation is the most commonly mentioned CDR approach in the guise of “nature-based solutions”, often signalling linkages to developing world projects, offsets, and carbon forestry. Certain firms emphasise direct air capture and carbon storage (DACCS) and appear to seek a first-mover advantage in the context of reinforcing rather than diversifying fossil fuel extraction and production. We map this emerging integration of CDR onto the business and political strategies of oil and gas firms, and point to three possible “directions-of-travel” that firms might follow as discourse and policy on CDR develops. As it stands, we are skeptical that the sector can yet be relied upon to scale CDR, and highlight that CDR approaches may well serve as promissory technologies for the oil and gas industry to hedge against climate policy and delay decarbonization. • Analyses how oil and gas firms are engaging in carbon dioxide removal (CDR). • Focuses on their annual financial and sustainability reporting • Broad commitments to net-zero are not supported by plans to scale CDR. • Most firms reference “nature-based solutions”, few discuss novel methods • Current CDR integration supports greenwashing and entrenched fossil production.","author":[{"family":"Lamb","given":"William"},{"family":"Low","given":"Sean"},{"family":"Gordon","given":"Leo"},{"family":"Mattila","given":"M"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104237","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2025.104237","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415267216","type":"article-journal","title":"History Versus Aspirations: Carbon Neutrality Postponed By Several Decades","abstract":"Here, we use modeling and literature assessments to quantify the prospects for achieving carbon neutrality by nine major developing economies (China, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Mexico, and South Africa). We examine the structure of energy consumption, electricity generation, and land use in these countries. Scenario estimates of the dynamics of carbon indicators of the world’s leading economies at global and subglobal scales based on a historical approach have been developed. It is shown that the current rate of decarbonization and the development of the carbon capture and storage industry in the studied countries is not sufficient for these countries to fulfill their obligations to achieve carbon neutrality in 2050-2070 – this goal cannot be attained before the end of the century. The key challenge in achieving the carbon neutrality is the rapid, large-scale deployment of the carbon capture and storage technologies in all possible forms. Of the countries studied, however, only China and Brazil have their capabilities to store carbon for more than a century. Although climate change occupies practically a leading place in the global agenda, the actual results of efforts in this area are far from the declared ones, and the climate warming can no longer be kept within 1.5°C. The core problem is to minimize the residence time for the global climate system in the dangerous zone (with a temperature overshoot above 1.5°C), which will require the emergence of the world economy with negative greenhouse gas emissions.","author":[{"family":"Клименко","given":"ВВ"},{"family":"Tereshin","given":"Alexey"},{"family":"Mikushina","given":"OV"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.24057/2071-9388-2025-4059","URL":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2025-4059","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4417497487","type":"article-journal","title":"Experimental study of CO2 sequestration and H2 generation potential through mineral carbonation in Saudi red mud","abstract":"This study examines the potential of Saudi red mud for CO₂ sequestration through mineral carbonation and its concurrent hydrogen generation. Two batch experiments were conducted under neutral (deionized water) and acidic (1 wt% HCl) conditions at elevated temperature and pressure. Under neutral conditions, the interaction between CO₂ and red mud led to measurable mineralization, with approximately 8.3% of the injected CO₂ converted into Minerals. In contrast, the acidic system induced extensive mineral dissolution and precipitation, releasing higher concentrations of reactive elements into solution. Increasing the amount of red mud in the reaction to twice that used in the DIW case resulted in approximately twice the amount of CO₂ being mineralized. This indicates a strong relationship between red mud mass and its CO₂ sequestration capacity, highlighting that providing more reactive solid material directly enhances the system’s ability to lock CO₂ into stable carbonate minerals. Gas analysis verified hydrogen generation, along with notable hydrogen sulfide formation, particularly under acidic conditions. Overall, the findings reveal that while red mud can facilitate partial CO₂ mineralization and hydrogen evolution, its reactivity strongly depends on pH, with acid-assisted reactions enhancing mineral mobility rather than stable carbonate formation.","author":[{"family":"Al-Azani","given":"Khaled"},{"family":"Rezk","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Ahmed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-32469-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-32469-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415991136","type":"article-journal","title":"Evaluating Greenhouse Gas Reduction Efficiency Through Hydrogen Ecosystem Implementation from a Life-Cycle Perspective","abstract":"With growing global demand for sustainable decarbonization, hydrogen energy systems have emerged as a key pillar in achieving carbon neutrality. This study assesses the greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction efficiency of Republic of Korea’s hydrogen ecosystem from a life-cycle perspective, focusing on production and utilization stages. Using empirical data—including the national hydrogen supply structure, fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) deployment, and hydrogen power generation records, the analysis compares hydrogen-based systems with conventional fossil fuel systems. Results show that current hydrogen production methods, mainly by-product and reforming-based hydrogen, emit an average of 6.31 kg CO2-eq per kg H2, providing modest GHG benefits over low-carbon fossil fuels but enabling up to a 77% reduction when replacing high-emission sources like anthracite. In the utilization phase, grey hydrogen-fueled stationary fuel cells emit more GHGs than the national grid. By contrast, FCEVs demonstrate a 58.2% GHG reduction compared to internal combustion vehicles, with regional variability. Importantly, this study omits the distribution phase (storage and transport) due to data heterogeneity and a lack of reliable datasets, which limits the comprehensiveness of the LCA. Future research should incorporate sensitivity or scenario-based analyses such as comparisons between pipeline transport and liquefied hydrogen transport to better capture distribution-phase impacts. The study concludes that the environmental benefit of hydrogen systems is highly dependent on production pathways, end-use sectors, and regional conditions. Strategic deployment of green hydrogen, regional optimization, and the explicit integration of distribution and storage in future assessments are essential to enhancing hydrogen’s contribution to national carbon neutrality goals.","author":[{"family":"Lee","given":"Jae"},{"family":"Kim","given":"S"},{"family":"Jung","given":"Inhong"},{"family":"Lee","given":"SJ"},{"family":"Hwang","given":"Yong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17229944","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17229944","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413922438","type":"article-journal","title":"Multifractal Characterization of Marine Shale Pore Structure Alteration Induced by Supercritical CO2–Water–Rock Interaction","abstract":"Supercritical CO2 (ScCO2) injection has emerged as a promising method to enhance shale gas recovery while simultaneously achieving CO2 sequestration. This research investigates how ScCO2 interacts with water and shale rock, altering the pore structure characteristics of shale reservoirs. The study examines shale samples from three marine shale formations in southern China under varying thermal and pressure regimes simulating burial conditions at 1000 m (45 °C and 10 MPa) and 2000 m (80 °C and 20 MPa). The research employs multiple analytical techniques including XRD for mineral composition analysis, MICP, N2GA, and CO2GA for comprehensive pore characterization, FE–SEM for visual observation of mineral and pore changes, and multifractal theory to analyze pore structure heterogeneity and connectivity. Key findings indicate that ScCO2–water–shale interactions lead to dissolution of minerals such as kaolinite, calcite, dolomite, and chlorite, and as the reaction proceeds, substantial secondary mineral precipitation occurs, with these changes being more pronounced under 2000 m simulation conditions. Mineral dissolution and precipitation cause changes in pore structure parameters of different pore sizes, with macropores showing increased PV and decreased SSA, mesopores showing decreased PV and SSA, and micropores showing insignificant changes. Moreover, mineral precipitation effects are stronger than dissolution effects. These changes in pore structure parameters lead to alterations in multifractal parameters, with mineral precipitation reducing pore connectivity and consequently enhancing pore heterogeneity. Correlation analysis further revealed that H and D−10–D10 exhibit a significant negative correlation, confirming that reduced connectivity corresponds to stronger heterogeneity, while mineral composition strongly controls the multifractal responses of macropores and mesopores, with micropores mainly undergoing morphological changes. However, these changes in micropores are mainly manifested as modifications of internal space. Siliceous shale samples exhibit stronger structural stability compared to argillaceous shale, which is attributed to the mechanical strength of the quartz framework. By integrating multifractal theory with multi–scale pore characterization, this study achieves a unified quantification of shale pore heterogeneity and connectivity under ScCO2–water interactions at reservoir–representative pressure–temperature conditions. This novelty not only advances the methodological framework but also provides critical support for understanding CO2–enhanced shale gas recovery mechanisms and CO2 geological sequestration in depleted shale gas reservoirs, highlighting the complex coupling between geochemical reactions and pore structure evolution.","author":[{"family":"Wei","given":"Haonan"},{"family":"Du","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Changqing"},{"family":"Fu","given":"Gaoqiang"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yingfang"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Jinfeng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhenliang"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Zhejun"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Wei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/fractalfract9090582","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract9090582","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411468593","type":"article-journal","title":"Circular Economy Implementation for Plastic Products in SMEs: Framework Development and Practical Application in Case Studies","abstract":"Abstract Plastics are of key importance for numerous technical applications due to their functional properties and cost efficiency. However, their production from fossil raw materials and disposal pose major environmental problems. The transition to a circular economy (CE) is supposed to address these problems and is particularly difficult for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). A framework is developed that illustrates circular economy (CE) strategies in the plastics industry, focussing on the practical implementation in the product life cycle and the actual contribution to a CE. Case studies of a polypropylene desk equipment and a polyurethane foam insulation element illustrate the practical application of the developed framework in two German SMEs and indicate further need for support. The developed CE concepts for both product systems were evaluated based on their environmental impacts using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The results show that CE strategies must be product-specific to be effective. Strategies such as the use of post-industrial recyclates and the use of biobased materials offer advantages but are not sufficient on their own to close material cycles. Closed-loop recycling and the reuse of products require customised collection systems but can contribute to truly closed material cycles. Overall, this framework serves as a starting point for identification of CE concepts for plastic products by companies and thereby promotes the transition to a more circular plastics economy. Future research should focus on evaluation of technical compatibility and long-term consequences as well as scalability of CE strategies and on alternative evaluation approaches.","author":[{"family":"Jürgens","given":"Meret"},{"family":"Mudersbach","given":"Marina"},{"family":"Endres","given":"Hans‐josef"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s43615-025-00610-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43615-025-00610-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413111324","type":"article-journal","title":"Amine-modified waste tires for CO2 capture and resource utilization","abstract":"In this study, waste tires (WTs) were chosen to prepare an adsorbent material for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capture to reduce their huge amount of waste. To improve the CO 2 selectivity, the WT powder was amine-modified using tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) or polyethyleneimine at different loading levels [2.5, 5, 10, and 15% (w/w)]. The optimum condition to develop a high-performance CO 2 adsorbent material was found to be the use of 10% (w/w) TEPA-modified WT (WT10T) with a CO 2 flow rate of 70 mL min −1 under ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Based on the kinetic study of WT10T, Avrami’s model fitted well with the experimental data, suggesting both physisorption and chemisorption of the CO 2 . When desorbed at 60 °C under vacuum pressure, the WT10T showed a reusability of more than 10 successive adsorption cycles. Additionally, the adsorbed CO 2 in WT10T could be directly converted to value-added chemicals or fuels, such as ethylene, methane, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen, via an electrochemical reaction. Accordingly, this study shows a challenging way on how to both utilize waste materials as adsorbents and reduce the WT level from rubber industries.","author":[{"family":"Jaree","given":"Napatjira"},{"family":"Tumnantong","given":"Dusadee"},{"family":"Luangchaiyaporn","given":"Jirapong"},{"family":"Pittayavinai","given":"Pitchapa"},{"family":"Thamyongkit","given":"Patchanita"},{"family":"Chalermsinsuwan","given":"Benjapon"},{"family":"Poompradub","given":"Sirilux"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-15313-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15313-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412105694","type":"article-journal","title":"Superficial Parasternal Intercostal Plane Block and Full Sternotomy; A Randomized Trial","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Cardiac surgery via full sternotomy impacts postoperative lung function. We studied whether ultrasound-guided superficial parasternal intercostal plane block (SPIP) before surgical aortic valve replacement via full sternotomy would ameliorate postoperative lung function and filtration capacity. METHODS: A total of 74 consecutive patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement were randomized to receive either or not additional SPIP. Pre- and postoperative lung function tests were compared among the patients. Venous and arterial blood samples were collected to calculate lung filtration (venous/arterial) of the inflammatory factors chemerin, chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40), resistin, and interleukin-6 (IL6) immediately before (T1), 1 hour after releasing aortic cross-clamp (T2), and on the following morning (T3) after surgery in 30 age- and sex-adjusted patients. RESULTS: Patients with SPIP were older as compared to those without (66.7 [10.7] vs 60.2 [13.4], years, respectively, P < 0.04). Neither other patient characteristics nor preoperative lung functions differed between the patient groups. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV), forced volume capacity (FVC), and relative FVC changes decreased less in patients treated with wound analgesia as compared to those without (P = 0.024, P = 0.042, and P = 0.042). Total oxycodone consumption (P = 0.634), YKL-40, and resistin did not differ between the groups. Arterial chemerin decreased and venous/arterial IL6 ratio increased in patients with SPIP as compared to those without (P = 0.024 versus P = 0.332, respectfully). CONCLUSIONS: SPIP before aortic valve surgery via full sternotomy impacts postoperative respiratory function and venous/arterial IL6 ratio. CLINICAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The study was approved by the institutional review board (Ethical Committee of the Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland, registration number R18011M) on March 8, 2018, and the study conforms to the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. The trial was registered as ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03704753 (EudraCT = 2017-004744-38).","author":[{"family":"Kalli","given":"Antti"},{"family":"Vistback","given":"Julia"},{"family":"Moilane","given":"Eeva"},{"family":"Järvelä","given":"Kati"},{"family":"Mennander","given":"Ari"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ejcts/ezaf226","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaf226","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412032767","type":"article-journal","title":"Active endurance: an effective strategy for nurses to manage workplace violence","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Workplace violence against nurses is a global concern that negatively impacts their professional lives, reducing productivity and quality of care. This study aimed to explore the strategies nurses use to manage workplace violence in the Iranian healthcare context. METHODS: This qualitative study employed an inductive content analysis approach. Sixteen nurses were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured individual interviews conducted between August 2024 and March 2025. Data analysis was conducted concurrently with data collection through Elo and Kyngäs (2008) method. Through constant comparison, codes were categorized into subcategories manually, which were then synthesized into overarching themes to capture the broader meaning of the data. RESULTS: The study included 16 nurses (7 men and 9 women) working in four hospitals across two urban areas in Iran. The primary strategy identified was \"active endurance,\" comprising two main categories: \"endurance reactions\" and \"seeking support.\" Endurance reactions included 5 strategies such as effective communication, providing appropriate care, empathy, anger management, and self-care. Seeking support included 3 strategies such as effective teamwork, requesting support, and striving for justice. CONCLUSION: Active endurance involves 2 main strategies. Firstly nurses through effective communication, delivering appropriate care, self-care and anger management, try to manage violent situations. When circumstances are beyond their control, nurses attempt to obtain support from other members of the organization. This approach represents an active coping mechanism, wherein nurses neither passively tolerate violence nor react aggressively. Instead, they adopt strategies to manage and mitigate workplace violence. The findings of this study can inform interventions aimed at empowering nurses to effectively handle workplace violence and improve its management. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.","author":[{"family":"Babaei","given":"Kiana"},{"family":"Far","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Seyedi","given":"Seyed"},{"family":"Arazi","given":"Tajmohammad"},{"family":"Rohaninasab","given":"Mehrdad"},{"family":"Movahedi","given":"Ali"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12912-025-03310-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03310-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411068300","type":"article-journal","title":"Thermodynamic and Process Modeling of CO2 Chemical Absorption Process Using Aqueous Monoethanolamine and Enzymatic Potassium Carbonate Solvents: Validation and Comparative Analysis","abstract":"Carbon dioxide is a major contributor to global warming, with chemical absorption using aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) being the most widespread technology for CO2 capture. However, due to the limitations of MEA, alternative solvents should be examined. In this work, CO2 capture using potassium carbonate promoted by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase is compared to the conventional aqueous MEA solvent. For that purpose, models for both solvents are developed, focusing on accurate thermodynamic modeling of the mixtures and simulation of the processes. As a first step, the thermodynamic modeling of CO2-H2O-MEA and CO2-H2O-K2CO3 mixtures is examined. Parameters of the electrolyte non-random two-liquid (eNRTL) model in Aspen Plus V11 are updated through regression against binary and ternary solubility and heat capacity experimental data. The regression results are satisfactory. Afterwards, the updated eNRTL is applied to the development of rate-based process models, which are validated against experimental results from pilot plants presented in the literature to ensure their accuracy. Finally, the two solvents are compared, with enzymatic potassium carbonate emerging as a promising alternative to MEA for CO2 capture. At optimized conditions and an 85% capture efficiency, the reboiler duties are 3.5 MJ/kg for enzymatic potassium carbonate and 4.2 MJ/kg CO2 for MEA.","author":[{"family":"Plakia","given":"Anthoula"},{"family":"Papaioannou","given":"Christina"},{"family":"Grammelis","given":"Panagiotis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18112981","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112981","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7172121096","type":"article-journal","title":"Spectrum of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients Presenting to Cardiac Care Unit ofTertiary Care Hospital, Abbottabad","abstract":"Objective: To study the clinical spectrum of Acute Coronary Syndrome in patients presenting to Cardiac Unit of a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-Sectional Observational StudyPlace and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan from October 2025 to March 2026. Methods: Patients of both genders age 20-70 years, admitted to CCU, diagnosed with ACS were included. The demographic information, clinical presentation, risk factors, electrocardiographic findings, coro-angiographyfindings and inferred arterial territory were noted. Data were stratified according to age, risk factors, and clinical spectrum of ACS and variables compared within sub-types and arterial territory involved. Results: Three hundred seventy patients diagnosed with ACS were included with median age of 51.00 (17.00) years including 221 (59.7%) male and 149 (40.3%) female patients. STEMI was most common ACS subtype in 226 (61.1%) patients, followed by NSTEMI in 100 (27.0%) and unstable angina in 44 (11.9%) patients. The left anterior descending (LAD) artery was most frequently involved territory in 174 (47.0%) patients. Conclusion: Typical presentation of ACS was associated with STEMI, chest pain, ST elevation and LAD involvement. However, atypical cases were linked to NSTEMI or USA, dyspnea, ST depression or LBBB on ECG and PDA or Multivessel involvement on coro-angiography.","author":[{"family":"Khan","given":"Saman"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Shehryar"},{"family":"Ijaz","given":"Saadia"},{"family":"Fatima","given":"Syeda"},{"family":"Ibrahim","given":"Col"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.60110/medforum.370712","URL":"https://doi.org/10.60110/medforum.370712","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416131747","type":"article-journal","title":"Implant-associated biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene suture in Galleria mellonella model","abstract":"Abstract Implant-associated biofilm infections, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis , present significant challenges in clinical settings, often necessitating surgical removal. This study investigates the potential of the invertebrate model Galleria mellonella for evaluating biofilm formation of S. aureus and E. faecalis clinical isolates, the leading causes of implant-associated infections. Utilizing expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) sutures as a surrogate for cardiac implants, we employed two biofilm formation methodologies reflecting the two main routes of implant infections: in vivo biofilm formation within larvae mimicking pathogen spread and pre-formed biofilm transplantation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed complex biofilm structures for the biofilm formed inside of the larvae on implant, closely mimicking clinical implant biofilm. Antibiotic combination of vancomycin and rifampicin demonstrated mean 5 log 10 reductions in bacterial CFU count per larva and 50% improved survival, proving highly effective. The study highlights the G. mellonella model’s potential for preclinical biofilm research, offering a cost-effective and ethical alternative to vertebrate models while providing valuable insights into biofilm-related infections and their treatment.","author":[{"family":"Mirza","given":"Kamran"},{"family":"Nietzsche","given":"Sándor"},{"family":"Tchatchiashvili","given":"Tinatini"},{"family":"Makarewicz","given":"Oliwia"},{"family":"Pletz","given":"Mathias"},{"family":"Thieme","given":"Lara"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-26971-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-26971-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415644384","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparative Study on the Application of Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber (HNBR) and Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomers (EPDM) in the Sealing Materials of Lithium Batteries","abstract":"ABSTRACT The effects of the dosage of calcined kaolin on the processing performance, vulcanisation characteristics and basic mechanical properties of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) were preliminarily investigated and compared. The results indicated that increasing the dosage of kaolin (from 20 to 60 phr) significantly increased the Mooney viscosity of EPDM but had a minor impact on its scorch time, vulcanisation time and torque. It improved tensile strength, elongation at break and other properties but impaired resilience. For HNBR, increasing the dosage of kaolin slightly increased its Mooney viscosity, had a minor effect on its vulcanisation characteristics, enhanced 100% modulus, tensile strength and other properties, but increased compression set.","author":[{"family":"Mu","given":"Fangzheng"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Hang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xiaosheng"},{"family":"Nie","given":"Jingkai"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Jiayong"},{"family":"Kadlčák","given":"Jakub"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Guangyong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1049/ema3.70027","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ema3.70027","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412072371","type":"article-journal","title":"Mathematical modeling of interconnected absorber-desorber hollow-fiber membrane contactors for CO2 capture using MEA solution","abstract":"Abstract In this work, comprehensive three-dimensional models were developed for an interconnected nondispersive absorber–desorber system using hollow fiber membrane contactors (HFMCs) for CO 2 capture with monoethanolamine solution. The models were implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics, Matlab/Simulink and Aspen Plus. The models were subsequently validated using laboratory-scale experimental data across a wide range of gas and liquid flow rates, as well as carbon dioxide concentrations, achieving R 2 values between 0.922 and 0.987 and root mean square error between 0.1540 and 2.3255. Model predictions provided valuable insights into fluid velocities, concentrations and temperature profiles. Sensitivity studies were performed to determine the optimal CO 2 capture parameters under different operating conditions (e.g., flow rates, compositions, and temperature). Simulation results showed that the desorption could reach an efficiency of about 99% by increasing the temperature to 373.15 K. In addition, different geometries of HFMC were studied to enhance the absorption process. The use of shell baffles showed an increase in the absorption efficiency by nearly 5%. Furthermore, the validated models were interconnected using live-link connections with Aspen Plus. The flowsheet simulation results of the entire CO 2 capture process using HFMCs demonstrated a capture efficiency higher than 90% with a CO 2 purity of about 99 vol%. Graphical abstract","author":[{"family":"Bozonc","given":"Alexandru"},{"family":"Sandu","given":"Vlad"},{"family":"Drăgan","given":"Simion"},{"family":"Cormos","given":"Ana‐maria"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s10098-025-03241-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-025-03241-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412069146","type":"article-journal","title":"From Combination Early Detection to Multicancer Testing: Shifting Cancer Care toward Proactive Prevention and Interception","abstract":"Identifying the presence of tumors at a very early stage or deciphering the processes underlying their development can enable the interception of promalignant mechanisms underpinning cancer emergence, facilitating more effective prevention. Advances in molecular profiling allow the detection of genetic, epigenetic, immune, and microenvironmental alterations associated with cancer risk. Liquid biopsy permits noninvasive analysis of circulating tumor cells, nucleic acids, immune cells, extracellular vesicles, proteins, cytokines, and metabolites, whereas metagenome analysis facilitates gut microbiota profiling. Multicancer early detection assays broaden this approach, capturing signals from multiple malignancies using a single blood sample. These technologies go beyond genomics, addressing immune dysregulation and metabolic shifts, and may help identify gut microbiota imbalances. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential is gaining increasing recognition as a biomarker. Cardiovascular risk scores based on multiple parameters are an inspiring example. The analysis of a combination of cancer drivers and enablers should provide a more sensitive and personalized measure of cancer prodromic profiles. Artificial intelligence will further support this transition by integrating molecular, immune, and metabolic data to develop individualized risk profiles. This shift from single-cancer detection to integrated, mechanism-based screening fosters a more proactive prevention model. This combination of early detection empowers cancer interception by using strategies, including lifestyle modification, nutritional optimization, drug repurposing, pharmacologic interventions, and targeted chemoprevention. Moving beyond single parameters analysis and organ-specific screening, this multidimensional approach advances early detection and interception as practical clinical goals, facilitating the fundamental aim of positioning prevention at the forefront of oncology.","author":[{"family":"Albini","given":"Adriana"},{"family":"Trapani","given":"Dario"},{"family":"Bertolini","given":"Francesco"},{"family":"Noonan","given":"Douglas"},{"family":"Orecchia","given":"Roberto"},{"family":"Corso","given":"Giovanni"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-24-0558","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.capr-24-0558","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412070704","type":"article-journal","title":"An mRNA Vaccine Targeting the C-Terminal Region of P1 Protein Induces an Immune Response and Protects Against Mycoplasma pneumoniae","abstract":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a cell wall-deficient pathogen, primarily affects children and adolescents, causing Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Following the relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) post COVID-19, there has been a global increase in MPP cases and macrolide-resistant strains. Vaccination against M. pneumoniae is being explored as a promising approach to reduce infections, limit antibiotic misuse, and prevent the emergence of drug-resistant variants. We developed an mRNA vaccine, mRNA-SP+P1, incorporating a eukaryotic signal peptide (tissue-type plasminogen activator signal peptide) fused to the C-terminal region of the P1 protein. Targeting amino acids 1288 to 1518 of the P1 protein, the vaccine was administered intramuscularly to BALB/c mice in a three-dose regimen. To evaluate immunogenicity, we quantified anti-P1 IgG antibody titers using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and assessed cellular immune responses by analyzing effector memory T cell populations using flow cytometry. We also tested the functional activity of vaccine-induced sera for their ability to inhibit adhesion of the ATCC M129 strain to KMB17 cells. The vaccine’s protective efficacy was assessed against the ATCC M129 strain and its cross-protection against the ST3-resistant strain. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted to investigate gene expression changes in peripheral blood, aiming to uncover mechanisms of immune modulation. The mRNA-SP+P1 vaccine induces P1 protein-specific IgG antibodies and an effector memory T-cell response in BALB/c mice. Adhesion inhibition assays demonstrated that serum from vaccinated mice attenuatesthe adhesion ability of ATCC M129 to KMB17 cells. Furthermore, three doses of the vaccine confer significant and long-lasting, though partial, protection against the ATCC M129 strain and partial cross-protection against the ST3 drug-resistant strain. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant gene expression changes in peripheral blood, confirming the vaccine’s capacity to elicit an immune response from the molecular level. Our results indicate that the mRNA-SP+P1 vaccine appears to be an effective vaccine candidate against the prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Fenglian"},{"family":"Li","given":"Chengwei"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Yanan"},{"family":"Chuan","given":"Hongyun"},{"family":"Song","given":"Shaohui"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Yun"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Qianqian"},{"family":"Tong","given":"Fei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Runfang"},{"family":"Yuan","given":"Guangbo"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Xiaoyan"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Jian"},{"family":"Liao","given":"Guoyang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ijms26136536","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136536","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409637652","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Footprint Analysis of Chemical Production: A Case Study of Blue Hydrogen Production","abstract":"Interest in hydrogen has grown as a means to decarbonize future energy systems. To maximize hydrogen’s potential as the main energy carrier, the infrastructure for hydrogen production, distribution, and storage needs to be designed and developed at a global scale. Carbon footprint analysis is an important metric for ensuring that the environmental impact of the developed plant is kept at a minimum. However, application of conventional methods during the conceptual design stage is challenging due to lack of detailed process data coupled with the large number of potential designs to be vetted. As a result, there is a need to develop rapid screening techniques that can be used during the conceptual design stage to gauge potential carbon footprints. To address this issue, a simplified carbon footprint analysis method is proposed in this work. Two indices are introduced, i.e., “product carbon intensity” and “economic carbon intensity”, to allow comprehensive analysis of the performance of design alternatives. By limiting the scope and basic economic analysis, the simplified carbon footprint analysis requires less data, and hence expedite the analysis process. The methodology is demonstrated through analysis of four design scenarios for blue hydrogen production. Among the scenarios, hydrogen production with both carbon capture and pre-reforming yielded better results based on product carbon intensity (2.43 kg CO2/kg H2), while design with only carbon capture performed better based on economic carbon intensity (11.25 kg CO2/USD). Thus, high potential design scenarios were successfully identified based on the newly introduced indices.","author":[{"family":"Chan","given":"Eric"},{"family":"Putra","given":"Zulfan"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Raymond"},{"family":"Wan","given":"Yoke"},{"family":"Foo","given":"Dominic"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr13041254","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13041254","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411702017","type":"article-journal","title":"Is preemptive hemiarch and valve sparing root replacement in patients with Marfan syndrome still a real risk for distal aortic dissection later in life?","abstract":"The ongoing interest in valve sparing root replacement (VSRR) as surgical treatment of Marfan-related aortopathy has been illustrated by a number of recent publications. We read with great interest a paper published by Yildiz et al. [1] from 3 reference institutions dwelling on the potential benefits of simultaneous aortic hemiarch replacement with the index VSRR; the report on 986 patients, separated in equally distributed subgroups with or without accompanying hemiarch replacement. Among them, there were 213 patients with heritable aortic disease. During 10 years of follow-up, no benefit of hemiarch replacement has been noticed with regard to survival and redo-interventions. Moreover, in the last JTCVS issue, the Washington group described the striking observation that the risk of distal aortic dissection was higher in patient with Marfan syndrome after previous root replacement compared with those without surgery to the ascending aorta [2]. As a consequence, they challenge any benefit of a simultaneous arch operation but fail to provide a valid explanation. The critical appraisal of contemporary data may propose some potential mechanism related to altered flow characteristics in the distal arch and descending aorta; functional magnetic resonance studies had provided evidence that alterations of flow pattern in the aorta relates to root dilatation in Marfan patients who are more susceptible to shear stress due to loss of smooth muscle functionality. Interestingly, vorticity and excentricity index of flow are altered not only in anatomic structures of the root but also in the descending aorta [3]. Hence, this segment of the aorta is the most frequent localization of a distal dissection tear and correlates with the spatial distribution of tension forces. Recent analysis of left ventricular outflow tract angulation after aortic root replacement has proven that a replaced aortic root causes significant change of shear forces and its propagation [4]. Increased angulation is likely to disrupt laminar flow and increase wall shear stress on the aortic arch convexity. Interestingly, a similar observation has been demonstrated in a very recent computational simulation by the Toronto group [5]. After VSRR in Marfan patients, peak oscillatory and shear forces indexes are located exactly in the proximal descending thoracic aorta. Those alteration in flow characteristics and velocity distribution may result from the tilt between the left ventricular outflow and the long axis of the neo-root. In conclusion, there are 2 potential factors increasing the susceptibility to distal aortic dissection after proximal replacement surgery: first, flow-related wall shear stress abnormalities and, second, focal increase in pressure-related wall stress [2]. In order to mitigate the risk of an acute distal aortic dissection after proximal repair/replacement some measures can be considered. First, analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging of localized wall shear stress in the descending aorta after VSRR may identify more distally located peaks of wall stress and flow alterations (possibly identifying patients requiring further treatment) [6]. Second, any surgical intervention to the ascending aorta should aim at avoiding any angulation in laminar flow direction including deep dissection towards the annulus during reimplantation, and likewise applying complete FAA stabilization with internal and external annuloplast during root remodelling [7]. Conflict of interest: none declared.","author":[{"family":"Jasiński","given":"Marek"},{"family":"Rosendahl","given":"Ulrich"},{"family":"Nienaber","given":"Christoph"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ejcts/ezaf152","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaf152","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415219223","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable Methods for Extracting Antioxidants From Vegetable and Fruit Waste (VFW)","abstract":"Vegetable and fruit waste (VFW) is generated in large quantities worldwide and contains valuable antioxidants such as phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, and vitamins. Efficient and environmental friendly extraction of these molecules is of great importance for applications in food, medicine, and cosmetics. It involves various sustainable methods for the isolation of antioxidants from VFW, including pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), green solvent extraction (GSE), deep eutectic solvents (DESs/NADES), and ionic liquids (ILs). Among these, UAE and MAE were found to be highly efficient in extraction with less energy consumption, whereas DESs/NADES yielded eco-friendly procedures with high selectivity. Despite such advancements, challenges such as high costs, scale barriers, and industrial feasibility still exist. Overall, green extraction techniques are promising for valorizing VFW antioxidants and facilitating circular economic practices. Future studies should focus on developing improved green extraction techniques, increasing cost savings, and exploring prospects at the industrial level to promote the sustainable utilization of VFW.","author":[{"family":"Arshad","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Saddique","given":"Iqra"},{"family":"Maqsood","given":"Sammra"},{"family":"Naveed","given":"Feroza"},{"family":"Ikram","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Tufail","given":"Tabussam"},{"family":"Gnedeka","given":"Kodjo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1111/1750-3841.70596","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.70596","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413104118","type":"article-journal","title":"Decarbonizing Domestic and Short-Sea Shipping: A Systematic Review and Transdisciplinary Pathway for Emerging Maritime Regions","abstract":"Domestic and short-sea shipping play a crucial role in ensuring food and energy security, employment, and connectivity in Small Island Developing States (SIDSs) and Least Developed Countries (LDCs). Despite accounting for up to 26.2% of global maritime emissions by voyage activity, these sectors remain underrepresented in policy and academic discussions on greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction. This study presents a structured and transdisciplinary assessment of decarbonization pathways tailored to the unique operational characteristics of domestic fleets. It reviews key operational, technical, and port-based strategies, identifying both opportunities and challenges in the transition to zero-emission shipping. Highlighted measures include the adoption of carbon-neutral fuels, advanced energy-efficiency technologies, and optimized vessel design. The paper emphasizes the pivotal role of ports as clean energy hubs and advocates for integrating domestic shipping into National Action Plans and Nationally Determined Contributions. Coordinated stakeholder engagement, targeted public investment, and supportive regulatory frameworks are essential to unlock decarbonization potential—contributing not only to climate mitigation, but also to sustainable development and energy resilience in emerging maritime regions.","author":[{"family":"Vakili","given":"Seyedvahid"},{"family":"İnsel","given":"Mustafa"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Sukhjit"},{"family":"Ölçer","given":"Aykut"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17167294","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167294","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412122286","type":"article-journal","title":"Synergistic Observations of Venus’ Surface and Atmosphere: The Role of VenSpec on the ESA EnVision Mission","abstract":"The ESA EnVision mission aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of Venus by investigating its geology and atmosphere, seeking to uncover why Venus and Earth, despite their similarities, have experienced such different evolutionary paths. A key payload on EnVision is the VenSpec Suite, designed to deliver unprecedented insights into Venus’ geological activity, atmospheric composition, and surface evolution. By targeting signatures of volcanic activity and mapping both surface and atmospheric features, VenSpec will seek to understand the processes shaping Venus today and in the past, and to provide insights into the evolution and habitability of terrestrial planetsThe VenSpec Suite Instruments: The VenSpec Suite is following the holistic approach of the EnVision mission by studying the coupled system of surface and atmosphere on Venus with three complementary instruments, VenSpec-M, VenSpec-H, VenSpec-U and a Central Control Unit (CCU):VenSpec-U is an ultraviolet spectral imager (at low and high spectral resolution between 190 and 380 nm) [1]. By probing how volcanic outgassing and atmospheric dynamics interact through the upper cloud level, VenSpec-U complement and enhance the VenSpec-H and VenSpec-M observations. VenSpec-H is an infrared spectrometer, with four spectral bands in the near IR between 1.16 and 2.48 μm, that will provide measurements of atmospheric gases in the troposphere and mesosphere of Venus at high spectral resolution [2]. These observations will help identify volcanic plumes and gas exchanges with the surface, in coordination with VenSpec-M and VenSpec-U. Polarization filters are also included in the design to characterize the hazes in the mesosphere. VenSpec-M is a multispectral imaging spectrometer in 14 near-IR transparency windows (0.79–1.51 μm). It will observe the Venus surface across five atmospheric windows around 1 μm and monitor the planet for volcanic activity using clouds and water vapor bands [3]. To retrieve calibrated emissivity data from the Venus surface, VenSpec-M will utilize improved topography from NASA VERITAS’s VISAR and EnVision’s VenSAR-derived Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). The CCU is a simple and robust interface to the spacecraft, providing an abstraction layer between the channels and the spacecraft. The CCU offers a harmonized power and data interface to the spacecraft and allows the channels to design a simple, tailored internal interface to the CCU [4]. VenSpec Scientific Objectives: VenSpec will deliver crucial data for understanding Venus’ present state and evolutionary history, with the following primary objectives:Comprehensive Volcanic Activity Search - VenSpec will perform a thorough search for volcanic activity by detecting atmospheric, thermal, and compositional signatures, as well as by mapping surface composition globally; Atmosphere-Surface Coupling – The VenSpec suite is designed to follow volcanic plumes from their source near the surface (VenSpec-M, VenSpec-H) through the middle atmosphere (VenSpec-H) and up to the cloud tops (VenSpec-U), offering a holistic view of gas exchanges and atmospheric processes; Tropospheric trace gases - VenSpec-H will detect and quantify key volcanic and cloud-forming gases (SO₂, H₂O, HDO, OCS, CO, HCl) in the atmosphere, lower and upper; Surface Composition - VenSpec-M will provide near-global data on rock types and surface weathering, helping to understand crustal evolution and the history of volcanic resurfacing; Upper Atmosphere Studies - VenSpec-U and -H will monitor trace gases (CO, H2O, OCS, SO, SO₂), cloud top altitude and the mysterious UV absorber in the upper clouds, shedding light on atmospheric chemistry and its links to volcanism The VenSpec Joint Science Team: The VenSpec Suite is coordinated by a joint science team that ensures seamless integration and cooperation among the instruments. Rather than by channel, the science team is organized into interdisciplinary working groups that leverage synergies across ","author":[{"family":"Alemanno","given":"Giulia"},{"family":"Robert","given":"Séverine"},{"family":"Marcq","given":"Emmanuel"},{"family":"Team","given":"Venspec"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5194/epsc-dps2025-1409","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5194/epsc-dps2025-1409","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407631475","type":"article-journal","title":"The Role of FeO/SiO2 Ratio in Valorizing Iron Silicate Slags as Supplementary Cementitious Materials","abstract":"Abstract Pyrometallurgical copper production is associated with high slag rates, typically ranging from 2.2 to 3.0 tons of slag per ton produced copper. Therefore, slag valorization is necessary to maintain a resource-efficient operation. An attractive application for these iron silicate slags is as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), which effectively lowers the CO2 emissions per ton of concrete. Although utilizing iron silicate slags as SCMs has been studied in previous work, the scientific literature has limited data on the isolated effect of composition on the inherent reactivity in cementitious systems. In particular, no reports on the impact of the FeO/SiO2 ratio have been presented in previous publications. Therefore, the present study aimed to isolate this parameter in a synthetic FeO–SiO2–Al2O3–CaO–MgO–Cr2O3 system. Since the amorphous content is a pertinent parameter for SCMs, a hot-stage confocal laser scanning microscope was utilized to assess the crystallization behavior at continuous cooling conditions. Furthermore, high-temperature rheological experiments were conducted to measure the viscosities of the slags in relation to the crystallization behavior. The experiments highlighted that depolymerizing the slag by increasing the FeO/SiO2 ratio poses increased demands on the cooling rate to avoid crystallization, which was consistent with the rheological data on the impact of temperature on structural changes in the slags. Furthermore, Rapid Reliable Relevant (R3) isothermal calorimeter experiments, assessing the inherent reactivity as an SCM, showed that increasing FeO/SiO2 ratios improves early reactivity at the expense of seven-day reactivity, i.e., a balance between the degree of polymerization and contribution of silicon to the reactions. Graphical Abstract","author":[{"family":"Andersson","given":"Anton"},{"family":"Isaksson","given":"Jenny"},{"family":"Lennartsson","given":"Andreas"},{"family":"Roos","given":"Åke"},{"family":"Engström","given":"Fredrik"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40831-025-01022-5","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-025-01022-5","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7155046707","type":"article-journal","title":"A Systematic Review of Green and Sustainable AI: Taxonomy, Metrics, Challenges, and Open Research Directions","abstract":"Due to the recent rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) and its expanding impact on the planet, green and sustainable AI research has increasingly gained attention. This systematic literature review searches main databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using an organized methodological approach. Following a thorough screening process, 49 final studies published between 2016 and 2026 are selected from an initial identification of 325 original records. We identify and analyze four key categories of sustainable AI practices: (1) model-level algorithmic efficiency, (2) hardware- and system-level optimization, (3) lifecycle- and data-centric approaches, and (4) operational and policy-level sustainability. We also highlight and explain four dimensions at the intersection of AI and environmentally responsible behavior: AI for sustainable applications’ development in industries, ethical considerations and accountability in using AI, and opportunities enabled by generative AI. We then combine existing taxonomies, evaluation metrics, and challenges to identify areas for improvement and suggest future research directions. Based on our analysis, we emphasize the need for interdisciplinary cooperation to facilitate responsible AI innovation and match it with global sustainable development goals (SDGs). We also highlight the importance of developing adequate frameworks along with precisely defined and standardized metrics to assess the environmental impact of AI. This review aims to encourage more responsible and environmentally friendly AI practices by providing a structured framework for researchers, educators, and professionals engaged in sustainable AI.","author":[{"family":"Marmouzi","given":"Outmane"},{"family":"Oumaira","given":"Ilham"},{"family":"Khaddar","given":"Mehdia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su18084115","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18084115","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409668065","type":"article-journal","title":"External Vibration-Assisted Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Heavy Oil Reservoirs: The Influences of Frequency and Cavity Distribution","abstract":"This study investigates the effect of external vibration stimulation on CO2 dissolution behavior in heavy oil reservoirs, focusing on the influence of vibration frequency and cavity distribution within porous media. Experiments reveal that 5 Hz vibration significantly enhances CO2 dissolution, while higher frequencies (10 Hz and 20 Hz) hinder the process. A more homogeneous and extensive distribution of oil-depleted cavities further improves dissolution rates, particularly in post-gas flooding scenarios. The dissolution process, observed under constant pressure conditions, is categorized into three stages: cavity filling, fast dissolution, and slow dissolution. Vibration stimulation effectively enhances the fast dissolution stage but has a minimal impact on the slow dissolution stage. Intermittent vibration shows mixed effects, improving dissolution at 100% oil saturation but reducing rates at 90% saturation due to cavity-induced flow disruptions. These findings demonstrate the potential of vibration-stimulated CO2 dissolution (VS-CO2 dissolution) as a novel technique for enhancing CO2 storage and heavy oil recovery in reservoirs. This study provides critical insights for optimizing vibration frequency and cavity distribution, paving the way for improved field applications of this innovative technology.","author":[{"family":"Lu","given":"Shixuan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhengyuan"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Liming"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Na"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/atmos16050488","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16050488","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410840914","type":"article-journal","title":"Outcomes of conservative treatment for thoracic vascular graft infections","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Thoracic vascular graft infections are devastating complications after aortic surgery, entailing high mortality. The gold standard treatment combines excisional surgery and antimicrobial therapy, but patients deemed inoperable might benefit from a conservative approach. Outcomes of patients treated only with antimicrobial agents without reoperative surgery are scanty. We aim to describe patients' characteristics and outcomes using an antibiotic-only strategy without thorough debridement. METHODS: Retrospectively collected data from a prospective cohort in a tertiary centre. Descriptive analysis for baseline characteristics and Kaplan-Meier estimates for survival were performed. RESULTS: From November 2012 to December 2022, 66 patients were identified with aortic root, ascending aortic and aortic arch graft infections. Of these, 44 received an antibiotic-only strategy or in combination with selective debridement after achieving multidisciplinary consensus. Median follow-up was 4.8 years [interquartile range (IQR) 1.7-6.1], and cumulative survival was 82.9% (CI 95%, 69.7-96.1). Streptococcus spp were the most common isolated microorganisms. CONCLUSIONS: In selected cases, a conservative approach with antibiotics only or in combination with selective debridement showed acceptable results at follow-up, suggesting a valuable therapy option for this cohort of patients.","author":[{"family":"Hemelrijck","given":"Mathias"},{"family":"Sromicki","given":"Juri"},{"family":"Risteski","given":"Petar"},{"family":"Boulos","given":"Rasha"},{"family":"Buechel","given":"Ronny"},{"family":"Frank","given":"Michelle"},{"family":"Hasse","given":"Barbara"},{"family":"Biefer","given":"Héctor"},{"family":"Dzemali","given":"Omer"},{"family":"Cohort","given":"Vasgra"},{"family":"Hasse","given":"Barbara"},{"family":"Ledergerber","given":"Bruno"},{"family":"Reutersberg","given":"Benedikt"},{"family":"Zinkernagel","given":"Annelies"},{"family":"Zimmermann","given":"Alexander"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ejcts/ezaf171","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaf171","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416913262","type":"article-journal","title":"Unveiling the Scientific Knowledge Evolution: Carbon Capture (2007–2025)","abstract":"This study explores how research on carbon capture technologies (CCTs) has developed over time and shows how semantic text mining can improve the analysis of technology trajectories. Although CCTs are widely viewed as essential for net-zero transitions, the literature is still scattered across many subthemes, and links between engineering advances, infrastructure deployment, and policy design are often weak. Methods that rely mainly on citations or keyword frequencies tend to overlook contextual meaning and the subtle diffusion of ideas across these strands, making it difficult to reconstruct clear developmental pathways. To address this problem, we ask the following: How do CCT topics change over time? What evolutionary mechanisms drive these transitions? And which themes act as bridges between technical lineages? We first build a curated corpus using a PRISMA-based screening process. We then apply BERTopic, integrating Sentence-BERT embeddings with UMAP, HDBSCAN, and class-based TF-IDF, to identify and label coherent semantic topics. Topic evolution is modeled through a PCC-weighted, top-K filtered network, where cross-year connections are categorized as inheritance, convergence, differentiation, or extinction. These patterns are further interpreted with a Fish-Scale Multiscience mapping to clarify underlying theoretical and disciplinary lineages. Our results point to a two-stage trajectory: an early formation phase followed by a period of rapid expansion. Long-standing research lines persist in amine absorption, membrane separation, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), while direct air capture emerges later and becomes increasingly stable. Across the full period, five evolutionary mechanisms operate in parallel. We also find that techno-economic assessment, life-cycle and carbon accounting, and regulation–infrastructure coordination serve as key “weak-tie” bridges that connect otherwise separated subfields. Overall, the study reconstructs the core–periphery structure and maturity of CCT research and demonstrates that combining semantic topic modeling with theory-aware mapping complements strong-tie bibliometric approaches and offers a clearer, more transferable framework for understanding technology evolution.","author":[{"family":"Lai","given":"Kuei‐kuei"},{"family":"Hsu","given":"Yarsun"},{"family":"Hsiao","given":"Chih"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/asi8060187","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/asi8060187","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412594149","type":"article-journal","title":"Effective and fair policy to mobilize industrial carbon dioxide removal","abstract":"Abstract Carbon dioxide removal (CDR), which emerged in climate models as a largely abstract idea, has evolved into a set of specific methods and spawned calls for supportive policies. Industrial approaches through the use of biomass combined with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), as well as direct air capture with storage (DACS) compete for scarce resources. We examine emerging conflicts that shape policy design to mobilize industrial removals by examining ideas, institutions, and interests and their interplay, conflicts, and alignments. We base our analysis on semi-structured interviews and stakeholder workshops in addition to emerging CDR policy literature. Arguably, technology developers, industry, civil society, and policymakers put forward ideas in a way that tends to advance their interests over others. Dominant ideas of CDR methods – including the notion that these would inherently be done at a large scale – have proven challenging to forming constructive policy discussion and made unhelpful generalizations of environmental performance, social desirability, or scalability of entire CDR methods. We outline opportunities and barriers to advance sound policies that scale the removal of CO2 effectively, efficiently, and fairly by outlining synergies, trade-offs, and conflicts in the current policymaking landscape of BECCS and DACS.","author":[{"family":"Oh","given":"So‐young"},{"family":"Eberenz","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Honegger","given":"Matthias"},{"family":"Wallis","given":"Olivia"},{"family":"Michaelowa","given":"Axel"},{"family":"Poralla","given":"Matthias"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s11027-025-10235-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-025-10235-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7154173490","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessment of Nurses' Knowledge and Practices in the Early Management of Worsening Heart Failure Patients at Tertiary Care Hospitals in Peshawar","abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to evaluate nurses' knowledge/practices in early worsening HF management at Lady Reading ‎Hospital (LRH), Peshawar. ‎ Study Design: An descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), Peshawar from August to November 2025. ‎ Material and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study (Aug-Nov 2025; n=142 nurses from ‎ICU/CCU/Emergency/Cardiology) used convenience sampling (Raosoft calculator). Adapted ‎validated questionnaire (Jideofor & Galanza 2023; α=0.73 knowledge, 0.81 practice): 22 true/false ‎knowledge items (0-22 score; Good ≥17, Moderate 12-16, Poor ≤11); 11 Likert practice items (0-‎‎11; Adequate ≥9, Inadequate ≤8). SPSS v27 descriptives (means/SD/frequencies).‎ Results: Young (81% 20-35yrs), female (88%), Post-RN (66.2%) nurses had moderate knowledge ‎‎(M=14.70±2.47; 62%), good (35.9%), poor (2.1%). Adequate practice 54.9% (M=8.47); ‎inadequate 45.1%. Training (54.9%) linked to better scores.‎ Conclusion: ‎Moderate knowledge/borderline practice signals training gaps despite guideline familiarity. ‎Targeted CPD, protocols essential to bridge knowledge-practice gap, enhancing HF outcomes in ‎resource-limited settings Keywords: Heart failure, worsening HF, nurses' knowledge, practice, Peshawar, tertiary care","author":[{"family":"Ali","given":"Iqdar"},{"family":"Ahmad","given":"Khalil"},{"family":"Ullah","given":"Mehran"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Azmat"},{"family":"Ali","given":"Ashiq"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Altaf"},{"family":"Johnson","given":"Anous"},{"family":"Ahmad","given":"Siyam"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Junaid"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.37939/jnah.v4i01.200","URL":"https://doi.org/10.37939/jnah.v4i01.200","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410277238","type":"article-journal","title":"Catalytic Activity of Solution Additive Anions for Magnesite and Calcite Precipitation in Microwave‐Assisted Mineral Carbonation Experiments","abstract":"Identifying catalytic routes for magnesite and calcite precipitation from Mg‐ and Ca‐bearing minerals is key to developing carbon‐neutral or negative industrial processes. This study experimentally evaluates the catalytic activity of over 20 environmentally friendly additive anions—including carboxylates, inorganics, and ammonium salts—for promoting magnesite and calcite formation during the carbonation of brucite [Mg(OH)2] and portlandite [Ca(OH)2] in aqueous slurries. Carbonation is driven by microwave (MW)‐assisted heating at 100–200 °C under hydrothermal conditions, with CO2 partial pressures below 8 bar. Results reveal a significant enhancement in magnesite precipitation when additives are combined with MW energy, enabling crystallization at much lower temperatures. For calcite, MWs alone nearly double the precipitation yield, with further improvements in the presence of additives. Among promising catalyzers, chelating agents like citrate and tartrate increase induction times and reduce overall yield at higher concentrations. In contrast, additives forming simple ion pairs—such as acetate and sulfate—show improved performance with increased concentration. These findings highlight the importance of additive selection and MW energy in optimizing mineral carbonation for sustainable applications.","author":[{"family":"Campione","given":"Marcello"},{"family":"Dalessio","given":"D"},{"family":"Corti","given":"Mattia"},{"family":"Capitani","given":"Giancarlo"},{"family":"Lucotti","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Tommasini","given":"Matteo"},{"family":"Yivlialin","given":"Rossella"},{"family":"Duò","given":"Lamberto"},{"family":"Bussetti","given":"Gianlorenzo"},{"family":"Malaspina","given":"Nadia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/aesr.202500046","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.202500046","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413243625","type":"article-journal","title":"Use of the Hypertension Self-Care Profile: A Scoping Review","abstract":"Self-care is a critical component of chronic disease management and is linked to better health outcomes. The Hypertension Self-Care Profile (HBP SCP) is one of the few validated instruments designed to assess not only behaviors but also self-efficacy and motivation in HBP self-care. This scoping review synthesized published research using the HBP SCP to examine its scope and utility across diverse populations. A total of 48 studies were reviewed-34 non-validation studies and 14 validation studies-spanning regions including Asia, the Middle East, and the Americas. The HBP SCP showed strong psychometric performance across multiple cultural adaptations, with Cronbach's alpha values ranging from 0.73 to 0.99. Several correlates of HBP self-care emerged, including self-efficacy, social support, health literacy, and education. Findings also revealed that HBP self-care remains suboptimal, particularly among rural populations and low- and middle-income countries. The HBP SCP has proven to be a versatile and culturally adaptable instrument for evaluating HBP self-care behaviors, self-efficacy, and motivation. Its consistently demonstrated validity and reliability across diverse contexts, combined with its responsiveness in randomized controlled trials, affirm its value as both a clinical assessment tool and a research outcome measure in interventions aimed at improving cardiovascular health.","author":[{"family":"Han","given":"Hae‐ra"},{"family":"Benjasirisan","given":"Chitchanok"},{"family":"Metlock","given":"Faith"},{"family":"Tesfai","given":"Yordanos"},{"family":"Commodore-Mensah","given":"Yvonne"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ijerph22081244","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22081244","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413404078","type":"article-journal","title":"The UAE Net-Zero Strategy—Aspirations, Achievements and Lessons for the MENA Region","abstract":"The Middle East and North Africa region has not played a major role in climate action so far, and several countries depend economically on fossil fuel exports. However, this is a region with vast solar energy resources, which can be exploited affordably for power generation and hydrogen production at scale to eventually reach carbon neutrality. In this paper, we elaborate on the case of the United Arab Emirates and explore the aspirations and feasibility of its net-zero by 2050 target. While we affirm the concept per se, we also highlight the technological complexity and economic dimensions that accompany such transformation. We expect the UAE’s electricity demand to triple between today and 2050, and the annual green hydrogen production is expected to reach 3.5 Mt, accounting for over 40% of the electricity consumption. Green hydrogen will provide power-to-fuel solutions for aviation, maritime transport and hard-to-abate industries. At the same time, electrification will intensify—most importantly in road transport and low-temperature heat demands. The UAE can meet its future electricity demands primarily with solar power, followed by natural gas power plants with carbon capture, utilization and storage, while the role of nuclear power in the long term is unclear at this stage.","author":[{"family":"Zubi","given":"Ghassan"},{"family":"Kühn","given":"Maximilian"},{"family":"Makridis","given":"Sofoklis"},{"family":"Dorasamy","given":"Stanley"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17167510","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167510","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414204704","type":"article-journal","title":"Electro-Thermal Modeling and Thermal Analysis of High-Inertia Synchronous Condenser Converters","abstract":"High-inertia energy storage synchronous condenser (HI-ES-SC) is operated through rotor-excited variable-speed mechanisms to provide grid power support. Power devices are exposed to alternating electro-thermal stresses, with significant implications for system reliability. Therefore, an electro-thermal modeling approach is developed for the converter of HI-ES-SC during power support operation. Switching dynamics and conduction states are incorporated in the model. A theoretical framework is established to analyze loss mechanisms and junction temperature evolution. A coupled electro-thermal model is constructed, accounting for temperature-dependent thermal network parameters. A numerical solution is proposed to enable co-simulation of condenser–converter systems. The simulation results indicate that the error in thermal parameter estimation remains below 10%. Key findings are summarized as follows: Under active power support, the peak junction temperature is observed to reach 81.69 °C during synchronous speed crossing, accompanied by notable low-frequency thermal accumulation. The derived operational-thermal correlation provides critical guidance for optimal thermal design and device selection.","author":[{"family":"Ouyang","given":"Jinxin"},{"family":"Lin","given":"Yaowei"},{"family":"Ye","given":"Zijing"},{"family":"Diao","given":"Yanbo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/electricity6030053","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electricity6030053","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409095113","type":"article-journal","title":"Hydrogen SWOT Analysis of Poland’s Energy Transition","abstract":"This paper presents a comprehensive SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis of utilizing hydrogen as a renewable fuel of non-biological origin (RFNBO) in Poland’s energy transition. Given Poland’s reliance on fossil fuels, its deep decarbonization poses socio-economic and infrastructural challenges. This study examines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with integrating hydrogen as an RFNBO fuel into Poland’s energy mix, focusing on economic, regulatory, technological, and social factors. The strengths identified include potential energy independence from fossil fuels, increased investment, and hydrogen’s applicability in hard-to-abate sectors. Weaknesses involve a low share of renewable hydrogen in the energy mix and the need for infrastructure development. Opportunities arise from European Union policies, technological advancements, and global trends favoring renewable hydrogen adoption. Threats encompass high production costs, regulatory uncertainties, and competition from other energy carriers. The analysis concludes that while hydrogen as an RFNBO fuel offers potential for decarbonizing Poland’s energy mix, realizing this potential requires large-scale investments, a supportive regulatory framework, and technological innovation.","author":[{"family":"Brusiło","given":"Paweł"},{"family":"Węgrzyn","given":"Adam"},{"family":"Graczyk","given":"Andrzej"},{"family":"Graczyk","given":"Alicja"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18071789","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071789","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415587994","type":"article-journal","title":"Plasma gasification of municipal solid waste: a life cycle thinking perspective on energy, emissions, and economic feasibility","abstract":"Plasma gasification is an emerging waste-to-energy technology that offers a sustainable pathway for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management by converting waste into clean syngas and inert vitrified slag. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of plasma gasification with a focus on energy recovery, emission reduction, and economic feasibility using a Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) approach. The analysis reveals that while plasma gasification significantly reduces landfill dependence and greenhouse gas emissions, it remains constrained by high capital and operational costs, limited commercialization, and moderate community readiness levels. Co-gasification with plastic and pre-sorted waste can enhance energy yields and process efficiency. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC), and Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) demonstrate the technology's potential for environmental benefits, long-term economic returns, and social gains such as job creation. However, issues like process complexity, safety concerns, and policy limitations hinder its widespread adoption. This review identifies critical research gaps and recommends future directions in plasma torch design, reactor efficiency, and stakeholder engagement to make plasma gasification a viable and scalable solution for urban waste management and circular economy integration.","author":[{"family":"Panwar","given":"NL"},{"family":"Lanjekar","given":"Pranay"},{"family":"Soni","given":"Khemlata"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s43621-025-01583-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01583-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412117875","type":"article-journal","title":"High-pressure phase equilibrium in the carbon dioxide + branched alkane binary systems: 1. Carbon dioxide + 2,2-dimethylbutane","abstract":"Isothermal vapour–liquid equilibrium data and liquid-phase densities were experimentally determined for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, for the carbon dioxide + 2,2-dimethylbutane binary system. Measurements were conducted using an analytical-static method (‘AnTVisVarCap’ as described in the ‘High-Pressure Fluid-Phase Equilibria’ review series by Dohrn and co-workers) with phase sampling performed via high-precision valves and analysed by gas chromatography. Liquid-phase densities were obtained by recirculating the liquid through a high-pressure vibrating-tube densimeter installed within the liquid loop. The system was investigated over a temperature range of 313.15–383.15 K and pressures spanning from 11.1–103.2 bar. Thermodynamic modelling of the mixture was performed using the three equations of state in combination with classical van der Waals two-parameter conventional mixing rules, Adachi–Sugie mixing rules, and various excess Gibbs energy-based mixing rules. While the applied models predicted either type I or type II phase behaviour, no experimental evidence of liquid–liquid phase separation was observed within the studied temperature and pressure range. The newly studied system was analysed in comparison with the corresponding linear alkane, n-hexane, as well as with the other branched isomer, 2,3-dimethylbutane. For the latter, experimental data are available from both our research group and an independent study.","author":[{"family":"Sima","given":"Sergiu"},{"family":"Secuianu","given":"Catinca"},{"family":"Nichita","given":"Dan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/00268976.2025.2530644","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2025.2530644","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408161124","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable energy experiments and demonstrations: Reviewing research, market and societal trends","abstract":"Research into the impact of innovative sustainable energy experiments and demonstrations is crucial to diversifying, scaling up, and accelerating the sustainable energy transition. Although there is vast research into sustainable energy experiments and demonstrations, research literature offers a fragmented collection of findings. A coherent overview of themes and insights regarding the transformative impact of innovative sustainable energy experiments and demonstrations on sustainable energy systems from the past, present, and near future is lacking and necessary to increase experiments and demonstrations' impact on the sustainable energy transition. The research in this study fills this knowledge gap by providing such an overview and yields novel insights into the organized function and impact of experiments and demonstrations. It spans a broad spectrum of sustainable energy technologies, the empirical domains where these are invented, developed and applied, and the stakeholders involved. The overview is the outcome of a Delphi study in which the insights of 47 international scientific research experts in sustainable energy experiments and demonstrations are bundled and explained. This study presents a thematic overview of the significant insights regarding past and current sustainable energy experiments and demonstrations and outlines a research agenda for the future. Policymakers, practitioners, and scientists can leverage this to inform their sustainable energy policies, business strategies, and research programs.","author":[{"family":"Hasanefendic","given":"Sandra"},{"family":"Hoogstraaten","given":"Marjolein"},{"family":"Bloemendal","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Boon","given":"Wouter"},{"family":"Brezet","given":"Johannes"},{"family":"Chappin","given":"Maryse"},{"family":"Coenen","given":"Lars"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Yuxi"},{"family":"Elzinga","given":"Remi"},{"family":"Femenías","given":"Paula"},{"family":"Frishammar","given":"Johan"},{"family":"Grijp","given":"NMVD"},{"family":"Hal","given":"Anke"},{"family":"Hauff","given":"Elizabeth"},{"family":"Heller","given":"Reneé"},{"family":"Hellsmark","given":"Hans"},{"family":"Hoppe","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Isabella","given":"Olindo"},{"family":"Janssen","given":"MJ"},{"family":"Kaipainen","given":"Jenni"},{"family":"Keviczky","given":"Tamás"},{"family":"Khosravi","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Konstantinou","given":"Thaleia"},{"family":"Kwant","given":"Stefan"},{"family":"Leer","given":"Janneke"},{"family":"Loos","given":"Adriaan"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Zhongxuan"},{"family":"May","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Meelen","given":"Toon"},{"family":"Mlecnik","given":"E"},{"family":"Moore","given":"Trivess"},{"family":"Mosgaard","given":"Mette"},{"family":"Mousavi","given":"Seyedesmaeil"},{"family":"Negro","given":"Simona"},{"family":"Nemet","given":"Gregory"},{"family":"Nigra","given":"Marianna"},{"family":"Reiner","given":"David"},{"family":"Rijnsoever","given":"Frank"},{"family":"Ryghaug","given":"Marianne"},{"family":"Santbergen","given":"Rudi"},{"family":"Sjøtun","given":"Svein"},{"family":"Skov","given":"Iva"},{"family":"Skjølsvold","given":"Tomas"},{"family":"Smink","given":"Carla"},{"family":"Söderholm","given":"Patrik"},{"family":"Tiekstra","given":"Sybrith"},{"family":"Vardon","given":"Philip"},{"family":"Vries","given":"Gerdien"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Rong"},{"family":"Bossink","given":"Bart"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.erss.2025.104018","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2025.104018","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410813707","type":"article-journal","title":"Review of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), defined broadly as surgical revascularization via any sternotomy-sparing approach. Here, we provide an overview of minimally invasive CABG targeted to cardiologists, cardiac surgeons and other clinicians involved in the care of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: A narrative review of the literature on minimally invasive CABG was performed. RESULTS: Minimally invasive CABG was first described over 20 years ago, yet uptake has been slow and available data are limited. The most common iteration of minimally invasive CABG is a single-vessel CABG (left internal mammary artery to the left anterior descending artery) performed without the cardiopulmonary bypass machine via mini-thoracotomy. However, in patients with multivessel CAD, other options include minimally invasive multivessel CABG and hybrid revascularization (minimally invasive CABG with percutaneous coronary intervention). Patient selection and preoperative planning are paramount. Observational studies and small randomized controlled trials demonstrate that minimally invasive CABG is associated with reduced rates of blood transfusion, surgical site infections, lengths of intensive care unit and hospital stays, and time to return to full activity with promising late outcomes. Finally, we describe future areas for growth, including ongoing clinical trials, gaps in evidence and pragmatic considerations for surgeons interested in starting a minimally invasive CABG programme. CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive CABG can expand the armamentarium of revascularization techniques available for the ageing and increasingly complex population of patients with CAD.","author":[{"family":"Welton","given":"Allison"},{"family":"Pineda","given":"Andrés"},{"family":"Rogers","given":"Luke"},{"family":"Davierwala","given":"Piroze"},{"family":"Zwischenberger","given":"Brittany"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ejcts/ezaf160","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaf160","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409452356","type":"article-journal","title":"Multimode ultrastrong coupling in three-dimensional photonic-crystal cavities","abstract":"Recent theoretical studies have highlighted how spatially varying cavity electromagnetic fields enable novel cavity quantum electrodynamics phenomena, such as the Dicke superradiant phase transition. Three-dimensional photonic-crystal cavities, which exhibit discrete in-plane translational symmetry, overcome this limitation, but fabrication challenges have hindered the achievement of strong coupling. Here, we demonstrate multimode ultrastrong coupling between cavity modes of a three-dimensional photonic-crystal cavity at terahertz frequencies and the cyclotron resonance of a Landau-quantized two-dimensional electron gas in gallium arsenide. The multimode coupling depends on the spatial profiles of the cavity modes, resulting in distinct coupling scenarios based on probe polarization. Our results align with an extended multimode Hopfield model that accounts for spatial field variations. Guided by the model, we discuss possible strong ground-state correlations between cavity modes and introduce relevant figures of merit for multimode ultrastrong coupling. Our findings highlight the crucial role of spatial inhomogeneity in multimode ultrastrong coupling.","author":[{"family":"Tay","given":"Fuyang"},{"family":"Mojibpour","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Sanders","given":"Stephen"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Shuang"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Hongjing"},{"family":"Gardner","given":"GC"},{"family":"Baydin","given":"Andrey"},{"family":"Manfra","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Alabastri","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Hagenmüller","given":"David"},{"family":"Kono","given":"Junichiro"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-58835-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58835-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412147700","type":"manuscript","title":"A Blockchain-Based Architecture for Secure and Transparent MRV in Offshore CO₂-EOR Operations: A Case Study in the Guajira Basin, Colombia","abstract":"Offshore Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) operations involving carbon dioxide (CO₂) injection present critical challenges in data traceability, regulatory compliance, and real-time monitoring—especially in sensitive ecosystems such as Colombia’s Guajira Offshore basin. This study proposes blockchain-based digital architecture designed to enhance Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) mechanisms across EOR workflows by integrating edge computing, smart contracts, artificial intelligence (AI), and decentralized ledger technologies. The architecture is structured into four interoperable layers—sensor data acquisition, blockchain-enabled traceability, AI-based anomaly detection, and MRV reporting—each mapped to specific operational and regulatory pain points. Visual diagrams illustrate the layered structure and technical workflows. Through scenario modeling and simulated sensor data, the proposed system demonstrates its potential to improve data integrity, enable transparent regulatory auditing, and ensure rapid response to operational anomalies. The model incorporates federated learning, permissioned blockchain networks, and zero-knowledge cryptography to support secure multi-agent collaboration and future carbon offset certification. As a case study, the Guajira basin serves as a testbed for architectural validation, regulatory alignment, and scalability in tropical offshore environments. The findings offer a novel foundation for integrating digital trust mechanisms into decarbonization strategies in the oil and gas sector.","author":[{"family":"Polo","given":"Andrés"},{"family":"García-Guerrero","given":"Javier"},{"family":"Rojas-Arciniegas","given":"David"},{"family":"Tobón","given":"Ricardo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.20944/preprints202507.0803.v1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202507.0803.v1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411384108","type":"article-journal","title":"Risk factors analysis and nomogram development for myelosuppression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients undergoing first-line chemotherapy: a dual-centre retrospective cohort study","abstract":"Objective: The primary objective of this research was to examine the characteristics of myelosuppression following first-line chemotherapy in patients suffering from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Furthermore, the study aimed to identify and analyze the risk factors impacting myelosuppression after chemotherapy and to construct a predictive model for evaluating the risk of myelosuppression. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted across two medical centers. The study included 243 patients with DLBCL treated at the Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated with Kunming University of Science and Technology from January 2022 to December 2023 as the development cohort, and 107 patients treated at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2024 to May 2024 as the validation cohort. The study investigated the incidence of myelosuppression in all patients, identified independent factors influencing this condition through logistic regression analysis, and constructed and validated a nomogram. Finally, the model's performance was evaluated using both internal and external validation cohorts. Results: The research rigorously incorporated a cohort of 243 DLBCL patients, with myelosuppression observed in 93 individuals (38.27%). Multifactorial analysis revealed that the chemotherapy cycle, age, Ann Arbor stage, surgical history, and neutrophil levels were independently correlated with myelosuppression following initial chemotherapy in DLBCL patients. A nomogram was developed based on the multifactorial analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed myelosuppression in the nomogram of both the development set (area under the curve (AUC = 0.834, 95% CI [0.785-0.884]) and the validation set (AUC = 0.861, 95% CI [0.791-0.931])), indicating clear differentiation. Further calibration curve analysis and decision curve analysis (DCA) revealed strong calibration and clinical utility of the column-line graph model. Conclusion: Patients with DLBCL are at an increased risk and frequency of myelosuppression following first-line chemotherapy. The development of a highly accurate prediction model for myelosuppression in this patient population facilitates individualized treatment strategies. Future studies should focus on expanding the sample size and developing and validating the model in additional types of cancer.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Xuexing"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Rong"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Haoling"},{"family":"Jin-Song","given":"Xu"},{"family":"Chu","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Wei","given":"Chunmei"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Quanfang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.7717/peerj.19539","URL":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19539","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7124161630","type":"article-journal","title":"CO2-responsive terpolymer hydrogels with adjustable dynamic networks for fractured plugging in the reservoir","abstract":"To address the limitations of conventional CO₂-responsive plugging materials (fixed network structure, slow response, and poor long-term stability) in fractured reservoirs, a novel terpolymer hydrogel poly(acrylamide-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic-co-acid-methylenebis(acrylamide)) hydrogel, denoted as P(AM-AMPS-MDA) was designed via solution copolymerization. The hydrogel features a hybrid network of covalent crosslinks (from MDA with tunable ethyleneamino chain length n = 1–3) and CO₂-induced ionic clusters, with precise reactant ratios (AM: AMPS: MDA = 90:16:4, K₂S₂O₈:Na₂SO₃=2:1) ensuring reproducibility. Comprehensive characterizations (FTIR, TGA/DSC, rheology, strain sweep) confirmed its superior performance: the optimized MDA₂ hydrogel ( n = 2) exhibits rapid CO₂ response (< 10 min), balanced swelling ratio (~ 18), high storage modulus (1790 Pa), and excellent thixotropy (> 90% recovery in 30 s). It maintains structural integrity at 80 °C ( T d ≈ 617 °C) and retains > 85% mass over 10-year reservoir simulation. Core flooding tests and visual demonstrations validate its effective plugging (residual resistance coefficient > 20) and injectability. This design resolves key trade-offs in existing systems, providing a promising candidate for conformance control in CO₂-enhanced oil recovery and sequestration.","author":[{"family":"Yan","given":"Yuanzi"},{"family":"Tao","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Shaoli"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Yunfeng"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Peng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-026-35469-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35469-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7135191208","type":"article-journal","title":"Mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis extracellular vesicles in attenuating Mycoplasma gallisepticum-induced inflammation via TRPC1 - STIM1/ORAI1 channel inhibition","abstract":"MAJOR OBJECTIVES: The infection caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) has had a significant impact on the poultry industry. Scutellaria baicalensis extract has shown great potential in anti-MG infection, but the role and mechanism of its extracellular vesicles (EVs) remain unexplored. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis derived extracellular vesicles (SEVs) against MG, especially by regulating TRPC1-STIM1/ORAI1 signaling pathway, which is a key component of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). METHODS: SEVs were obtained from Scutellaria baicalensis and subsequently subjected to characterization. Through in vitro and in vivo MG infection models, experimental techniques including non-targeted metabolomics, qRT-PCR, Western Blot and Fluo-4 AM calcium imaging were employed. Additionally, synergistic and antagonistic effects were demonstrated via siRNA-mediated STIM1 knockdown and plasmid overexpression experiments to validate its pivotal role. RESULTS: Non-targeted metabolomics analysis showed that SEVs treatment regulated metabolic pathways related to calcium signaling pathway compared with MG-infected group, which aided our study to determine that SEVs may affect inflammatory injury by affecting calcium signaling. The results of molecular experiments showed that SEVs markedly downregulated SOCE molecules (TRPC1, STIM1 and ORAI1) at mRNA and protein levels, effectively suppressing MG-induced abnormal intracellular calcium influx and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine production. CONCLUSIONS: SEVs alleviate MG-induced inflammation through the TRPC1-STIM1/ORAI1 pathway, restoring calcium homeostasis and inhibiting NF-κB signaling and cytokine release. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study reveals a novel mechanism by which plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) exert anti-inflammatory effects, highlighting their potential as a natural nanotherapeutic strategy for controlling MG infection in poultry.","author":[{"family":"Xu","given":"Fangbing"},{"family":"Bao","given":"Lige"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Yecheng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yifan"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Mingyu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Shun"},{"family":"Liu","given":"W"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Zhiyong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.106773","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2026.106773","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412890294","type":"article-journal","title":"Microwave Plasma-Assisted CO2 Dissociation with Methane and Ethylene: Improved Conversion and Selectivity Controlled by Afterglow Chemistry","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide An experimental investigation into the addition of small hydrocarbons to gas discharges for CO 2 conversion using warm plasma is combined with chemical kinetic modeling. CH 4 (0–30%) and C 2 H 4 (0–15%) are added to CO 2 in microwave plasmas operated at 150 to 900 mbar, 1 kW, and 9.4 SLM, in an attempt to remove oxygen from the effluent. Introduction of only 1% CH 4 or C 2 H 4 effectively eliminates all O 2 from the product gas at the cost of a dramatic decrease in the conversion of CO 2 . Increasing the fraction of hydrocarbons, the CO 2 conversion, the CO yield, and the energy efficiency increase, and for more than 5% CH 4 or C 2 H 4, they surpass that of pure CO 2 . The gas mixture notably does not contain O 2, opening a potential new avenue for CO 2 dissociation using warm plasmas, where the only byproducts are water and H 2 . Measurements show that the effluent composition and especially the selectivity are more or less independent of the plasma size and the gas temperature. Using a quasi-1D chemical kinetic model for the afterglow, it is shown that H and OH radicals have a determining effect on the selectivity and the effluent composition: The radicals catalyze the recombination of CO and O 2 in the case of small CH 4 additions, and for larger CH 4 additions, they are found to drive the water gas shift reaction. The model accurately reproduces the experimental selectivities and shows that processes in the afterglow primarily control the composition of the effluent.","author":[{"family":"Kuijpers","given":"Lex"},{"family":"Deursen","given":"CFAM"},{"family":"Shen","given":"Qx"},{"family":"Bongers","given":"WA"},{"family":"Devid","given":"Edwin"},{"family":"Sanden","given":"MCMV"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c05022","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c05022","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7122555391","type":"article-journal","title":"A comprehensive review of venous thromboembolism risk assessment models for hospitalized medical patients: comparative evidence, implementation challenges, and future directions","abstract":"Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of preventable hospital-acquired morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of effective prophylaxis, its application in clinical practice remains inconsistent, often due to uncertainty in risk stratification. This review evaluates the validity and implementation of VTE risk assessment models (RAMs) in medical inpatients. Seven widely used RAMs, Caprini, Padua, IMPROVE, IMPROVEDD, Wells, Geneva, and Kucher e-alert, are critically examined alongside emerging digital and biomarker-enhanced tools. The Padua and IMPROVE scores show consistent reliability across various medical populations, while the Caprini RAM remains the most accurate in surgical contexts. The Wells deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and revised Geneva scores are preferred for diagnosing suspected thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, respectively. Electronic alerts, such as the Kucher and Woller models, have shown promise in increasing prophylaxis adherence and reducing symptomatic VTE events. Nonetheless, challenges like limited external validation, gaps in clinician training, and inconsistent local protocols hinder their real-world application. Future research should recalibrate RAMs for underrepresented groups, incorporate biomarkers and mobility data, and create user-friendly AI tools that can optimize the balance between thrombosis and bleeding risks. The adoption of validated, user-friendly RAMs is essential for improving thromboprophylaxis, enhancing patient safety, and reducing the burden of hospital-associated VTE.","author":[{"family":"Alfehaid","given":"Lama"},{"family":"Alsuhebany","given":"Nada"},{"family":"Tawfik","given":"Yahya"},{"family":"Alowais","given":"Shuroug"},{"family":"Adnan","given":"Shazia"},{"family":"Alfriah","given":"Joud"},{"family":"Alabdelmuhsin","given":"Lolwa"},{"family":"Alshehri","given":"Abdulmajeed"},{"family":"Alyami","given":"Majed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1738139","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1738139","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409396727","type":"article-journal","title":"Piezoelectric and Photoconductive Zinc Oxide–Wood Hybrids Obtained by Atomic Layer Deposition","abstract":"The development of sustainable functional wood-based materials for advanced photonic, optical, and energy-harvesting applications is a topic of great priority and scientific interest. Owing to its inherent piezoactivity and photoconductivity, zinc oxide (ZnO) can be of help for all these applications. While previously used for wood-based piezoelectric nanogenerators, its use for enabling wood with photoconductive properties has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we introduce an innovative method to produce ZnO-wood hybrids based on atomic layer deposition (ALD), a technique so far underrepresented in the field of wood functionalization. By a studied combination of ALD, customized sample geometry, structure-retaining delignification, and careful selection of the drying method, we obtained a homogeneous functionalization of a bulk wood scaffold with layers of nanocrystalline ZnO. This approach allowed us to achieve control over the homogeneity, distribution, and coating thickness of the oxide layer. The micro- and nanostructure of the resulting hybrids were investigated by electron microscopy as well as by X-ray diffraction and scattering. The ZnO-wood hybrids show an anisotropic piezoelectric response due to the natural structure of the wood. Moreover, we demonstrate the use of ZnO-functionalized wood for the fabrication of bulk (photo)conductive wood. Upon irradiation with UV light, a significant decrease in resistivity is observed, which increases again upon removal of UV light. Finally, we used the hybrids to fabricate a ZnO-wood replica by thermal removal of the cellulose scaffold. This treatment leaves behind a detailed inorganic wood replica down to the smallest open accessible features such as micrometer-sized wood pits.","author":[{"family":"Ritter","given":"Maximilian"},{"family":"Maćkosz","given":"Krzysztof"},{"family":"Garemark","given":"Jonas"},{"family":"Kürsteiner","given":"Ronny"},{"family":"Dreimol","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Utke","given":"Ivo"},{"family":"Burgert","given":"Ingo"},{"family":"Panzarasa","given":"Guido"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsnano.5c03854","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c03854","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412063696","type":"article-journal","title":"Advanced Nanomedicines for Treating Refractory Inflammation-Related Diseases","abstract":"This review examines inflammation as a physiological defense mechanism against infectious agents, physical trauma, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and metabolic stress, which, under dysregulated conditions, may progress into chronic diseases. Nanomedicine, which integrates nanotechnology with medicine, suppresses inflammatory signaling pathways and overexpressed pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as ROS, to address inflammation-related pathologies. Current advances in nanomaterial design and synthesis strategies are systematically analyzed, with parallel discussions on toxicity mechanisms, influencing factors, and evaluation methods that are critical for clinical translation. Applications of functional nanomaterials are highlighted in the context of refractory inflammatory conditions, including wound healing, gastrointestinal disorders, and immune, neurological, or circulatory diseases, along with targeted delivery strategies. Persistent challenges in nanomedicine development, such as biocompatibility optimization, precise biodistribution control, and standardized toxicity assessment, are critically assessed. By bridging material innovation with therapeutic efficacy, this review establishes a framework for advancing nanomedicine to improve treatment outcomes while addressing translational barriers.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiuxiu"},{"family":"Song","given":"Xinran"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Chang","given":"Meiqi"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jishun"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Qing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40820-025-01829-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01829-7","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410155655","type":"article-journal","title":"Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in Sepsis Survivors with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction: An Observational Study","abstract":"Background: Sepsis survivors can develop left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and heart failure. These patients are often treated with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) known to be effective in patients with non-sepsis-related heart failure. This study sought to assess the use of GDMT on sepsis survivors with LVSD. Methods: Sepsis survivors with suspected myocardial injury and/or heart failure diagnosed with LVSD in a UK cardiac centre were retrospectively studied. Clinical and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) data were recorded and analysed. Results: Of the 25 sepsis survivors (age 56 ± 11 years; 52% males), 11 (44%) had LVSD (LVEF < 50%). LV end-diastolic internal diameter (LVIDd) was similar between patients with vs. without LVSD (5.2 ± 0.8 cm vs. 4.7 ± 0.8 cm; p = 0.214). Patients with LVSD had significantly greater LV end-systolic internal diameter (LVIDs) than those without LVSD (4.0 ± 1.2 cm vs. 2.8 ± 0.6 cm; p = 0.027). Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) was similar between the two groups (2.1 ± 0.5 cm vs. 2.2 ± 0.6 cm; p = 0.910). Of the 11 patients with LVSD, nine patients underwent repeat TTE scans after 6 months [IQR 3–9], most of whom were taking GDMT. The majority (8/9) of these patients demonstrated LV systolic functional recovery (>5% LVEF increase; mean LVEF improvement 16 ± 11%) after GDMT. Reductions were seen in LVIDd (5.3 ± 0.8 cm to 5.0 ± 0.7 cm) and LVIDs (4.1 ± 1.2 cm to 3.7 ± 0.8 cm) after GDMT, though these changes did not reach statistical significance (both p > 0.05). Conclusions: GDMT appears beneficial in sepsis survivors with LV dysfunction. This finding should be validated on a larger and multi-centre basis to further affirm the value of medical therapy in post-sepsis heart failure.","author":[{"family":"Oswald","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Malomo","given":"Samuel"},{"family":"Alway","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Hadjivassilev","given":"Stanislav"},{"family":"Coombs","given":"Steven"},{"family":"Ellery","given":"Susan"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Joon"},{"family":"Phillips","given":"Claire"},{"family":"Philips","given":"Barbara"},{"family":"James","given":"Rachael"},{"family":"Hildicksmith","given":"David"},{"family":"Parish","given":"Victoria"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Alexander"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/jcm14093253","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14093253","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131617369","type":"article-journal","title":"Challenges and early successes of running a 30 tonnes per day pilot line","abstract":"Glass Futures is a not-for-profit, membership-based, research organisation, based at its Global Centre of Excellence in St Helens, UK. The remit of the organisation is to enable its members from across the glass supply chain and beyond to collaborate in areas which affect all parties, with a particular focus on decarbonisation of the glass-making process and its upstream and downstream activities. At the heart of the new Glass Futures facility is a 30 tonnes/day pilot-scale glass furnace, which started up in June 2025. The facility has been designed to enable the industry to develop and trial new technologies at an industrially relevant scale, without risk to their commercial manufacturing assets, thus providing increased confidence for manufacturers looking to invest in low-carbon technologies such as alternative fuels, CCUS technologies and new raw materials. The operation of such a globally unique research asset is a journey into the unknown, with procedures and techniques which are common in the glass manufacturing sector having to be adapted to manage experimental programmes rather than manufacture for sale. In this paper, an overview of the facility is provided, the initial challenges and successes of operating such an asset are discussed and key learning points are highlighted.","author":[{"family":"Ireson","given":"Rob"},{"family":"Stewart","given":"Bridget"},{"family":"Backhouse","given":"Daniel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.13036/17533562.66.4.am51","URL":"https://doi.org/10.13036/17533562.66.4.am51","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410253479","type":"article-journal","title":"Randomized Trials in Cardiac Surgery: Why and How","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for comparative effectiveness. However, they face unique challenges in cardiac surgery. The objective of this work is to summarize the challenges of RCTs in cardiac surgery, describe efforts employed in recent years to mitigate these impediments and outline the future opportunities for increased RCT adoption in the specialty. METHODS: This review was conducted as an expert analysis on the existing state of RCTs in cardiac surgery based on expert discussion at a dedicated session during the 2024 Annual Meeting of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Different trial-support infrastructures, such as the Randomized Comparison of the Clinical Outcomes of Single versus Multiple Arterial Grafts (ROMA) Network, the Cardiothoracic Surgical Trials Network (CTSN), the Global Cardiovascular Research Funders Forum (GCRFF) and the UK Model, and their respective mechanisms for overcoming RCT barriers were described in detailed. Models were selected due to specific author involvement and knowledge. Future directions were postulated based on current trends. RESULTS: Despite heterogeneous structures, the described models largely aimed to increased cardiac RCTs through improved trial participation, either via increased trainees, expanded stakeholders or focused patient recruitment, facilitating funding and fostering wider collaboration. CONCLUSIONS: RCTs are a key component for clinical advancement yet have been underutilized in cardiac surgery. Recent endeavours have reduced the multifactorial barriers associated with cardiac surgery RCTs and intentional future efforts are necessary for continued cardiac advancement.","author":[{"family":"Gaudino","given":"Mario"},{"family":"Siepe","given":"Matthias"},{"family":"Murphy","given":"Gavin"},{"family":"Williams","given":"Bryan"},{"family":"Sandner","given":"Sigrid"},{"family":"Gregg","given":"Alexander"},{"family":"Moskowitz","given":"Alan"},{"family":"Falk","given":"Volkmar"},{"family":"Gelijns","given":"Annetine"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ejcts/ezaf164","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaf164","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415788872","type":"article-journal","title":"Review of carbon capture, utilization and storage technology, and carbon dioxide-based hydrocarbon recovery in shale formations","abstract":"Unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs, particularly shale formations, have recovery issues because of poor permeability and complicated fluid dynamics. Carbon capture is increasingly viewed as an avenue of optimizing oil recovery ethically through storage, eventual utilization, and elevated oil recovery, supporting carbon neutrality goals. This study examines how supercritical carbon dioxide (CO₂) injection in shale reservoirs might increase hydrocarbon displacement and geologic sequestration efficiency. This review examines advanced Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) Technologies, nanopore fluid dynamics, adsorption processes, and competitive interactions between CO₂ and hydrocarbons in kerogen-rich formations. Monitoring approaches, fracture propagation models, and pressure control systems are also studied to improve recovery efficiency. The research analyzes current advancements in CO₂ collection, including cryogenic separation, membrane technology, and chemical absorption methods. CO₂-EOR improves hydrocarbon mobilization and is a sustainable way to sequester carbon over time. Improved fracture propagation, wettability changes, and adsorption dynamics all lead to increased recovery efficiency and reservoir stability. The findings demonstrate the potential of incorporating CCUS-EOR into future energy programs, indicating both economic viability and ecological sustainability.","author":[{"family":"Zafar","given":"Atif"},{"family":"Kafeel","given":"Khizra"},{"family":"Ulfat","given":"Intikhab"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/12269328.2025.2569519","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2025.2569519","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409486432","type":"article-journal","title":"Future prospects towards attaining zero-emission of greenhouse gases from crude oil refinery plants","abstract":"The contribution of greenhouse gas emissions from crude oil refineries to the global climate change has been so problematic. The end results of this has been linked to global warming causing adverse effects on public health and making the environment unsafe for living. This review article examines the challenges and effects emanating from the release of greenhouse gases from crude oil refining operations. In-depth discussions and salient points, shedding light for prospective researchers on the critical areas that should be investigated and improved on to attain net-zero emissions in refinery, were presented. The effects of the increase in the global number of refineries on GHG emissions trend in top countries are discussed. Top 10 countries and refinery industries with the highest GHG emissions were referenced as case studies. Between 2000 and 2021, the cumulative GHG emissions from refineries attained 34.1 Gt due to increase in the number of refineries while the top 10 enterprises accounted for approximately 33.8–38.1 %. Accumulative reduction of 532 Mt and 928 Mt of CO 2 emissions are expected between 2020 and 2030 if the efficiencies of refineries in the top 10 countries and global refineries are respectively improved. Technologies such as hydrogen-based refining and carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS); integration of circular economy principles; green financing and government-backed incentives; and government-based policies are some of the steps that can be taken to make reduction of GHG emissions from refineries a reality. In conclusion, the stated vital points regarding future prospects towards attaining net-zero emissions from crude oil refinery plants will be beneficial for prospective researchers and the entire globe. • SO₂, NOₓ, CO₂ and VOCs are major GHG from crude oil refinery operations. • Top 10 enterprises accounted for about 33.8–38.1 % of total GHG emissions. • Between 2000 and 2021, total GHG emissions from refineries attained 34.1 Gt. • Global warming should be limited to meet international climate targets. • Refineries should adopt cleaner technologies that minimize environmental impacts.","author":[{"family":"Popoola","given":"Lekan"},{"family":"Nwogbu","given":"Celestine"},{"family":"Taura","given":"Usman"},{"family":"Asmara","given":"Yuli"},{"family":"Nwobodo","given":"Lois"},{"family":"Agbo","given":"Alfred"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100290","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100290","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410782953","type":"article-journal","title":"Evaluating the Impact of Cloud Computing on SME Performance: A Systematic Review","abstract":"Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face substantial barriers in accessing reliable and cost-effective IT infrastructure, primarily due to economic constraints and limited technical resources. Hybrid cloud computing solutions, including infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS), offer potential to overcome these barriers by providing scalable, flexible IT services. This study systematically reviews the impact of cloud computing on SME performance, focusing on key performance metrics such as cost-efficiency, operational reliability, and competitive advantage. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA 2020 framework. Inclusion criteria included studies published in English from 2014 to 2024, focusing on cloud computing for SMEs and presenting clear analytical frameworks for evaluating performance. Out of an initial pool of 18,570 studies, 90 met the criteria for detailed analysis. Findings show that cloud computing adoption enhances SME performance, with approximately 82% of studies reporting improvements in operational efficiency and 76% noting cost savings. Competitive advantage was identified as a key benefit in 64% of studies, driven by cloud-enabled scalability and access to advanced technology. Key adoption drivers include management support (cited by 68% of studies), service quality (56%), and perceived risks (54%), while barriers such as initial cost concerns and data security risks were also prevalent, affecting 48% and 45% of SMEs, respectively. This review provides strategic insights for SMEs and policymakers, emphasizing the importance of tailored cloud strategies that align with specific operational needs and budget constraints. By addressing key predictors and challenges, this study offers a roadmap for SMEs to leverage cloud computing to improve performance, sustainability, and competitiveness.","author":[{"family":"Mkhize","given":"Ayaphila"},{"family":"Mokhothu","given":"Katleho"},{"family":"Tshikhotho","given":"Mukhodeni"},{"family":"Thango","given":"Bonginkosi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/businesses5020023","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/businesses5020023","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414025925","type":"article-journal","title":"The potential microalgae-based strategy for attaining carbon neutrality and mitigating climate change: a critical review","abstract":"In recent years, the impacts of global warming, including glacial melting, extreme weather events, food crises, and epidemics, have become increasingly severe, posing significant challenges to global sustainability. The primary driver of the current climate crisis is the substantial emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), particularly carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Microalgae, as photoautotrophic microorganisms, offer a promising solution by utilizing CO 2 for biosynthesis. Previous research indicates that microalgae can fix CO 2 at rates exceeding 1.5 kg/m 2 /year under optimal conditions, and produce lipids with high content of unsaturated fatty acids. This review delves into recent advancements understanding the causes and effects of global warming, with a particular focus on agricultural GHG emissions. It critically examines the carbon sequestration mechanisms of microalgae and their potential as single-cell biofactories for carbon neutralization and biomanufacturing. The review highlights their ability to fix CO 2 and produce high-value products such as biofuels, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and foods. Among these species, the characteristics and value of seven edible microalgae are also described. We outline the technical and economic challenges associated with scaling up microalgae cultivation from laboratory to industrial scale, including the optimization of cultivation systems and the improvement of harvesting and processing techniques. This review serves as a useful and informative reference for the application of CO 2 capture and high-value bioproducts by microalgae, aiming to provide a reference for the realization of carbon neutrality and the mitigation of climate change.","author":[{"family":"Cheng","given":"HS"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Deng","given":"Ziai"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Chenglong"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Xiulan"},{"family":"Baloch","given":"Heer"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Weicheng"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Haojie"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Juan"},{"family":"Qin","given":"Zhanke"},{"family":"Jaleel","given":"Abdul"},{"family":"Ren","given":"Maozhi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1644390","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1644390","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410912072","type":"article-journal","title":"Thermochemical pathways coupled with carbon capture for valorizing animal manure: A review","abstract":"Livestock manure is a significant source of methane and nitrous oxide emissions, posing serious environmental challenges. While conventional management often exacerbates these impacts, thermochemical technologies such as pyrolysis, gasification, and hydrothermal processing offer promising pathways to convert manure into energy, biochar, and other valuable products within a circular bioeconomy. However, these processes can still emit carbon, limiting their environmental benefits. Integrating carbon capture technologies can mitigate these emissions, enabling net-negative outcomes and enhancing overall energy efficiency. This review explores the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of thermochemical manure valorization and emphasizes the transformative potential of coupling these processes with carbon capture. Combustion and co-firing reduce greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels, but are hindered by manure’s high ash and moisture content. Advanced thermochemical methods such as pyrolysis and gasification yield biochar, bio-oil, and syngas, yet face similar limitations. Hydrothermal processing, especially hydrothermal liquefaction and carbonization, effectively addresses moisture-related challenges and is particularly effective for pig manure. Catalytic gasification further improves conversion efficiency and product quality but remains costly due to expensive catalysts and process complexity. Evidence suggests that integrating carbon capture with thermochemical conversion offers a viable solution for achieving net-negative emissions. However, the widespread deployment of these integrated systems is constrained by high capital costs and infrastructure requirements. Realizing their full potential requires targeted investment, technological innovation, and robust policy support to overcome existing barriers and drive scalable, sustainable implementation.","author":[{"family":"Kiehbadroudinezhad","given":"Mohammadali"},{"family":"Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha","given":"Homa"},{"family":"Mabee","given":"Warren"},{"family":"Nanda","given":"Sonil"},{"family":"Afshari","given":"Hamid"},{"family":"Saeedi","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Rathgeber","given":"Bruce"},{"family":"Benis","given":"Khaled"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.18331/brj2025.12.2.2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.18331/brj2025.12.2.2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408338287","type":"article-journal","title":"Sex Differences in Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Scoping Review Across the Care Continuum","abstract":"Introduction: Optimal diagnosis and management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is essential to improve clinical outcomes and prognosis. Sex disparities in ACS care have been reported in the literature, but evidence gaps remain. This review aims to map and to summarize the global evidence on sex differences in the provision of care across the ACS continuum. Methods: , 2023, and with a full-text available in English, Spanish, Dutch, or French. The search terms and key words covered five aspects of the ACS care continuum: pre-hospital care, diagnosis, treatment, in-hospital events, and discharge. Results: Of the 15,033 identified articles, 446 articles (median percentage of women per study: 29%), reporting on 1,483 outcomes, were included. Most studies were conducted in high-income regions (65%). Studies reported on pre-hospital care (8%), diagnosis (9%), treatment (45%), discharge (14%) and events (24%). For 45% of outcomes, results favored men, 5% favored women, and 50% showed mixed results or no sex difference. ACS care aspects with the largest sex differences were pre-hospital care (58% of the outcomes favored men vs 7% favored women) and diagnosis (70% favored men vs 2% favored women). Conclusion: Studies on sex differences in ACS mainly come from high-income regions. Sex differences in ACS management are widely reported and mainly unfavorable to women, especially in the early phases of pre-hospital care and diagnosis.","author":[{"family":"Florensa","given":"AM"},{"family":"Kiss","given":"Pauline"},{"family":"Youssef","given":"Dina"},{"family":"Jalali-Farahani","given":"Sara"},{"family":"Laņas","given":"Fernando"},{"family":"Cesare","given":"Mariachiara"},{"family":"Gonzálezjuanatey","given":"José"},{"family":"Taylor","given":"Sean"},{"family":"Uijl","given":"Alicia"},{"family":"Grobbee","given":"Diederick"},{"family":"Rosiers","given":"Sarah"},{"family":"Perel","given":"Pablo"},{"family":"Peters","given":"Sanne"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.5334/gh.1410","URL":"https://doi.org/10.5334/gh.1410","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416721812","type":"article-journal","title":"A Global Review of Blue and Green Hydrogen Fuel Production Technologies, Trends and Future Outlook to 2050","abstract":"Hydrogen is emerging as a key energy carrier in the transition to a low-carbon economy. This study reviews blue and green hydrogen, analysing their production technologies, environmental impacts, economic viability and global deployment trends. Blue hydrogen, derived from natural gas, coal or biomass with carbon capture, utilisation and storage, offers a transitional pathway by reducing emissions relative to unabated fossil routes, but its benefits depend on high CO2 capture efficiencies and strict methane leakage control. Green hydrogen, produced via renewable-powered electrolysis and advanced thermochemical, photochemical and photoelectrochemical methods, represents the most sustainable long-term solution, though it is currently limited by cost and scale. This comparative assessment shows that green hydrogen’s production emissions, in the range of 0.67 kgCO-eq/kgH to 1.74 kgCO2-eq/kgH2, are substantially lower than those of blue hydrogen, in the range of 1.21 kgCO2-eq/kgH2 to 4.56 kgCO2-eq/kgH2, reinforcing its alignment with climate neutrality goals. Global production remains below 1% from low-emission sources, yet momentum is growing, with renewable-rich regions investing in large-scale electrolysers. A long short-term memory forecast suggests that blue hydrogen will dominate in the short term, but green hydrogen will surpass it around 2042. Together, both pathways are essential, blue hydrogen as a bridging option and green hydrogen as the foundation of a sustainable hydrogen economy.","author":[{"family":"Ammar","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Oyewale","given":"Babatunde"},{"family":"Elseragy","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Albayati","given":"Ibrahim"},{"family":"Aliyu","given":"Aliyu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/fuels6040088","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fuels6040088","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411044268","type":"article-journal","title":"Generation expansion planning toward Net Zero target considering co-firing green fuel, CCUS installation and early decommissioning in thermal power plants: A case study of Vietnam","abstract":"Vietnam is committed to achieving Net Zero emissions by 2050, with the power sector being central to this transition. This study investigated optimal generation expansion pathways using a unified dataset aligned with Power Development Plan Ⅷ (PDP Ⅷ). It compared two planning approaches with 3 scenarios: (1) constraining CO2 emissions directly (Scenario S3), and (2) predefining thermal plant co-firing's timeline and ratios (Scenarios S1 and S2). S1 adheres closely to PDP Ⅷ's planned thermal commitments and solar limits; S2 offers flexibility by committing only plants under construction and allowing higher solar potential. Results indicate that Scenario S3 yields the lowest total system cost while meeting the Net Zero target. The optimal strategy in S3 involves early decommissioning of thermal plants and prioritizing renewable energy and storage expansion over thermal fuel conversion. Notably, nuclear power and Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage technology installation were not included in this optimal pathway. By 2050 under S3, renewables will contribute to 95% of energy generation, with thermal power dropping to 5%. CO2 emissions peak in 2030 in all scenarios, earlier than defined by PDP Ⅷ. The study highlights the critical need for energy storage, flexible generation, and significant high-voltage direct current transmission capacity from South Central to North Vietnam after 2030. Full utilization of ground-mounted solar potential suggests a need for expanded land allocation if available. These findings emphasize prioritizing renewable energy, storage, and transmission investment for an efficient Net Zero transition.","author":[{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Van"},{"family":"Ha","given":"Duy"},{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Thi"},{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Duc"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3934/energy.2025021","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3934/energy.2025021","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415815259","type":"article-journal","title":"Overview of Cement Bond Evaluation Methods in Carbon Capture, Utilisation, and Storage (CCUS) Projects—A Review","abstract":"Cement bond evaluation helps check wellbore integrity and zonal isolation in carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS) projects. This overview describes various cement bond evaluation methods, focusing on acoustic logging and ultrasonic imaging tools supplemented by emerging data-driven interpretation techniques. Their advantages, limitations, and recent advancements are described with illustrative example on ultrasonic-image-based machine learning classifier that detect microannulus. Key research gaps remain in field-scale validation of long-term cement behaviour and in establishing comprehensive 3-D bond-strength benchmarks. To address these gaps, this review recommends (i) creating an open, standardised ML dataset for CCUS well logs, (ii) adopting best-practice pressure-monitoring protocols during and after injection, and (iii) integrating ML analytics with advanced modelling while exploring alternative binder systems. The next step is to test these ML models on real CO2-storage well data, paving the way toward more reliable cement-bond integrity assessments in future CCUS projects.","author":[{"family":"Allo","given":"Paulus"},{"family":"Rezaee","given":"Reza"},{"family":"Clennell","given":"Michael"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/eng6110303","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/eng6110303","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416445898","type":"article-journal","title":"Machine learning for hydrogen technologies: A comprehensive review of challenges, opportunities, and emerging trends","abstract":"Hydrogen technologies are central to the transition toward more sustainable energy systems. Machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) are emerging as key enablers across the hydrogen value chain, from production and transport to storage and utilization. This review synthesizes ML applications across these domains, mapping hydrogen technologies to ML task types and method families and assessing reported benefits and limitations. A systematic review of 314 peer-reviewed studies (2019–2024) shows rapid growth in ML-driven research, concentrated in production and material characterization, with transport, underground storage, and several utilization topics still underexplored. Predictive modeling dominates, typically using neural networks and tree-based ensembles, while optimization and hybrid physics-informed approaches are less common. The review highlights gaps in data availability, transparency, and explainability, and outlines priorities for standardized data reporting, adoption of physics-informed and explainable ML, and more rigorous cross-domain benchmarking. • Maps 314 ML studies across hydrogen production, storage, and use. • Reveals dominance of predictive modeling and neural networks. • Identifies research gaps in transport, underground storage, and safety. • Shows limited uptake of explainable, hybrid, and physics-informed ML. • Recommends data sharing, benchmarks, and transparent reporting practices.","author":[{"family":"Laag","given":"Robin"},{"family":"Rizzato","given":"Agnese"},{"family":"Bäck","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Yingjie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.152556","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.152556","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411095308","type":"article-journal","title":"A systematic literature review on intrusion detection techniques in cloud computing","abstract":"Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDPS) play a key role in protecting networks by keeping an eye out for suspicious activity, spotting threats, and taking action to stop them. These systems were originally designed for traditional, fixed networks, but they struggle to keep up with the fast-paced and constantly changing nature of cloud computing environments. Cloud computing has revolutionized technology, bringing many innovations in how organizations operate. Organizations rely heavily on the use of cloud storage to store and retrieve their sensitive data. Security issues in the cloud computing environment are a big challenge as, despite various protection measures, the cloud environment is vulnerable to security threats. Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) is a significant component in securing the cloud environment against emerging threats in cyber-attacks. This paper takes a close look at intrusion detection systems (IDS) that are specifically built for cloud computing. The cloud brings its own set of challenges like constantly changing resources, sharing space between many users, and limited visibility into all the network traffic. Unlike traditional IDS that work in fixed, local networks, cloud-based IDS have to handle traffic that moves between virtual machines and scale up or down quickly. Cloud computing has transformed over time, improving access to scalability while offering vulnerabilities that increase the probability of intrusion or attacks. This review addresses these research gaps by comprehensively surveying state-of-the-art IDPS techniques tailored for cloud computing environments. IDPS is further classified into different categories, such as signature-based, anomaly-based, and hybrid-based. Recently, combining Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) with Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) has shown to be very effective, as it allows for more precise detection and large-scale use. However, notable challenges include small dataset sizes, imbalanced datasets, and high expenses. These challenges mainly focus on creating adaptive systems that identify intrusions in real time. To tackle this, attention is directed towards ensemble learning and edge computing. The outcomes of these initiatives are being used to create a strong and efficient IDS that fits well with the changing nature of cloud environments. This survey provides a comprehensive analysis of current IDPS methodologies and future perspectives, aiming to contribute to developing robust and efficient cloud security solutions.","author":[{"family":"Nasim","given":"Shamma"},{"family":"Pranav","given":"Prashant"},{"family":"Dutta","given":"Sandip"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s10791-025-09641-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09641-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7167511401","type":"article-journal","title":"Multiphase metering and intelligent error correction for CO 2 transport in CCUS systems: A review","abstract":"High-precision measurement of CO 2 flow in carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) pipelines is difficult because captured CO 2 may cross gas, liquid, dense-phase, and supercritical states and is further affected by impurities. This review integrates four issues that have usually been treated separately: CO 2 thermophysical-property disturbances, hardware sensing boundaries, intelligent error correction, and engineering calibration in CCUS pipeline networks. Conventional mechanical and differential-pressure flowmeters are reliable under stable single-phase conditions but suffer from gas entrainment, damping shifts, and density-dependent errors near phase boundaries, whereas optical, acoustic, tomographic, and radiation-based methods provide nonintrusive routes for flow-regime visualization and impurity-tolerant monitoring. We further show that data-driven correction methods, including least-squares support vector machine, long short-term memory networks, Transformer models, and physics-informed neural networks, can compensate nonlinear signal drift when coupled with appropriate sensing hardware and calibration data. From the existing research progress, custody-grade CO 2 multiphase metering cannot rely on separate component optimization, but necessitates integrated hardware-software codesign, impurity-containing real-flow calibration and digital twin-assisted field verification.","author":[{"family":"Zhao","given":"Chenghai"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Fusheng"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Jingwu"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Baoquan"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Zaiyang"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Zhao"},{"family":"Han","given":"Weiwei"},{"family":"Bian","given":"Jiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1177/01445987261465439","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987261465439","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415058664","type":"article-journal","title":"Engineering metal-based layered double hydroxide catalysts for the valorization of CO 2 into value-added chemicals","abstract":"Carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) encompass a broad range of strategies and technologies aimed at mitigating CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. These approaches typically involve the capture, concentration, pressurization, and injection of CO2 from industrial facilities into deep geological formations. However, given the current limitations in sequestration capacity, chemical recycling of carbon through conversion is gaining attention as a more sustainable and economically viable alternative. This innovative approach transforms captured greenhouse gases into valuable products through specific catalytic processes designed for the synthesis of clean fuels, such as methanol and dimethyl ether, as well as key compounds such as urea, carbonates, and formic acid. Among the various technologies employed for CO2 conversion – including electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, thermal catalysis, and hydrogenation – layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted growing interest given their intrinsic CO2 retention and transformation properties, ease of synthesis, and potential to be produced from industrial waste. Recent studies have highlighted the tunable properties of LDHs, which make them particularly suitable for applications in CO2 valorization. However, there are still challenges to overcome in using these materials, such as: improving their chemical and thermal stability, increasing the adsorption rate and cyclic stability, as well as developing green, cheap, simple and efficient LDHs with a view to scalability and industrial production. This review provides a critical overview of synthetic methods for LDHs, with special emphasis on routes based on industrial waste, and examines the catalytic processes through which CO₂ can be transformed into valuable resources.","author":[{"family":"Boulahbal","given":"AI"},{"family":"Korili","given":"SA"},{"family":"Gil","given":"A"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/01614940.2025.2564085","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01614940.2025.2564085","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411886914","type":"article-journal","title":"Direct observations of airflow separation over ocean surface waves","abstract":"A large portion of the kinetic energy found within the ocean originates from the growth of ocean surface waves under the action of wind. However our understanding of wind wave dynamical coupling mechanisms remains incomplete. Competing theories exist but direct observational evidence is lacking, due to the technical challenges involved in measuring wind and wave dynamics in the vicinity of the highly energetic wavy ocean surface. Here, direct observations of airflow dynamics in the first millimeters to meters above ocean surface waves are shown. These were achieved using laser imaging techniques on the Floating Instrument Platform FLIP in the Pacific Ocean. The results show that two dynamical wind-wave coupling regimes coexist. Short (~1 m wavelength), strongly wind-forced waves travel more slowly than the wind and cause intermittent airflow separation events. On average, these slow waves are coupled with the airflow via a sheltering mechanism, while longer (~100 m), faster waves induce orbital motions in the airflow.","author":[{"family":"Buckley","given":"Marc"},{"family":"Horstmann","given":"Jochen"},{"family":"Savelyev","given":"Ivan"},{"family":"Carpenter","given":"Jeffrey"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-61133-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61133-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406798342","type":"article-journal","title":"Enhanced Oil Recovery using carbon dioxide directly captured from air does not enable carbon-neutral oil","abstract":"This study evaluates the feasibility of producing carbon neutral oil via CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (CO2-EOR) coupled with direct air capture. Existing analyses often provide case-specific insights based on short-term operations that do not encompass the full life cycle of reservoir exploitation. In contrast, we propose a novel, top-down approach based on mass and volume conservation, expanding system boundaries to include emissions from primary, secondary, and tertiary oil recovery phases -- the latter being CO2-EOR. Supported by field data, the analysis demonstrates that CO2-EOR cannot achieve carbon-neutral oil production. Only 30 % of projects produced carbon-neutral oil during EOR, but all of them were significantly carbon-positive when considering the full reservoir life-time. The volume occupied by the emitted CO2 exceeded by at least 3 times the pore space freed by reservoir fluids production, namely oil, water and gas. Considering CO2-EOR in isolation from earlier stages of oil production creates the temporal illusion of carbon-neutral oil, as significant water is co-produced during this phase, freeing storage space without causing direct emissions. The reservoir conditions when CO2-EOR is carried out, however, are the direct consequence of extensive oil extraction and water injection in earlier exploitation phases. Only residual oil zones may offer potential for carbon-neutral oil due to their low oil saturation and lack of legacy emissions. Although CO2-EOR may replace conventional oil production methods, potentially reducing carbon emissions, it risks promoting and perpetuating fossil fuel production, thereby undermining critical climate targets.","author":[{"family":"Gasós","given":"Antonio"},{"family":"Pini","given":"Ronny"},{"family":"Becattini","given":"Viola"},{"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Marco"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.31223/x55x4s","URL":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x55x4s","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410759013","type":"article-journal","title":"Performance assessment of sustainable cooling strategies in canarian Greenhouses: Evaluating earth-to-air heat exchanger and rock-bed systems","abstract":"Greenhouse cultivation plays a vital role in enhancing food security, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. However, maintaining optimal microclimatic conditions for crop growth during the summer months poses significant challenges. These conditions often require intensive cooling, which is typically reliant on fossil fuel-based energy sources. This increases costs and environmental impact, highlighting the need for sustainable, energy-efficient cooling solutions. This study evaluates the performance of two passive, sustainable cooling strategies, Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) and Rock-Bed System (RBS), which exploit subsurface thermal properties to control the canarian greenhouse microclimate. A comparative experimental study was conducted using two identical greenhouses equipped with either EAHE or RBS, alongside an uncooled control greenhouse. Lettuce was cultivated in all three, and microclimatic parameters, system efficiency, and crop performance were monitored. Results indicate that at 2:00 PM, average air temperatures at 1.5 meters were 29°C (RBS), 31°C (EAHE), and 40°C (control). Correspondingly, crop yield increased by 47.97% with RBS and 39.45% with EAHE compared to the control. The RBS greenhouse produced the highest plant growth metrics, 23 cm in height, 304.82 g in biomass, and 34 cm in diameter, followed by EAHE (21 cm, 287.28 g, and 31 cm), while the control greenhouse recorded the lowest values (19 cm, 206.14 g, and 19 cm). Both systems demonstrated superior energy efficiency: EAHE consumed 117.6 kWh/year and RBS 235.2 kWh/year, significantly lower than conventional systems (345.6–691.2 kWh/year). EAHE reduced CO 2 emissions by 3.8 tons annually (190 tons over its lifespan), with RBS achieving comparable reductions. These findings establish EAHE and RBS as viable, sustainable cooling alternatives that improve greenhouse productivity while minimizing energy use and environmental impact.","author":[{"family":"Allali","given":"Fatima"},{"family":"Fatnassic","given":"Hicham"},{"family":"Demratia","given":"Hassan"},{"family":"Wifaya","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Aharoune","given":"Ahmed"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106402","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2025.106402","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415242520","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessment of Nanoparticle Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) for Portable Air Purifiers: A Comparative Study With the Existing Standard","abstract":"Conventional clean air delivery rate (CADR) protocols may not adequately reflect the removal performance of portable air purifiers against nanoparticles and bioaerosols. In this study, we systematically assessed the nanoparticle removal efficiency of a commercially available portable air purifier using a sealed chamber and size‐resolved testing. Both natural decay and operational decay were evaluated for particles ranging from 10 nm to 0.3 μ m, with cumulative purification cycles used to assess the impact of filter loading. Substantial natural decay was observed for particles smaller than 0.06 μ m, potentially confounding CADR interpretation in this range, while particles above 0.1 μ m exhibited concentration increases due to aggregation. The most penetrating particle size (MPPS) shifted with increased filter loading, and CADR values were lowest for particles in the 0.07–0.09 μ m range. Notably, energy efficiency (CADR per watt) declined for nanoparticles as cumulative loading increased. These findings underscore the inherent limitations of standard CADR assessments for nanoparticles and highlight the necessity of developing air cleaner evaluation methodologies that explicitly incorporate nanoparticle dynamics, particularly in the context of emerging concerns such as nanoparticles and bioaerosols.","author":[{"family":"Yoon","given":"Bomi"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jinho"},{"family":"Yun","given":"Hyunjun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1155/ina/8933801","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/8933801","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406679829","type":"article-journal","title":"Amine‐Functionalized Triazolate‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Diluted CO 2 Capture Performance","abstract":"Abstract Efficient CO 2 capture at concentrations between 400–2000 ppm is essential for maintaining air quality in a habitable environment and advancing carbon capture technologies. This study introduces NICS‐24 (National Institute of Chemistry Structures No. 24), a Zn‐oxalate 3,5‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazolate framework with two distinct square‐shaped channels, designed to enhance CO 2 capture at indoor‐relevant concentrations. NICS‐24 exhibits a CO 2 uptake of 0.7 mmol/g at 2 mbar and 25 °C, significantly outperforming the compositionally related Zn‐oxalate 1,2,4‐triazolate – CALF‐20 (0.17 mmol/g). Improved performance is attributed to amino‐functions that enhance CO 2 binding and enable superior selectivity over N 2 and O 2 , achieving 8‐fold and 30‐fold improvements, respectively, in simulated CO 2 /N 2 and CO 2 /O 2 atmospheric ratios. In humid environments, NICS‐24 retained structural integrity but exhibited an 85 % reduction in CO 2 capacity due to competitive water adsorption. Breakthrough sorption experiments, atomistic NMR analysis, and DFT calculations revealed that water preferentially adsorbs over CO 2 due to strong hydrogen‐bonding interactions within the framework. Gained understanding of the interaction between CO 2 and H 2 O within the MOF framework could guide the modification via rational design with improved performance under real‐world conditions.","author":[{"family":"Klemenčič","given":"Klara"},{"family":"Krajnc","given":"Andraž"},{"family":"Puškarić","given":"Andreas"},{"family":"Huš","given":"Matej"},{"family":"Marinič","given":"Dana"},{"family":"Likozar","given":"Blaž"},{"family":"Logar","given":"Nataša"},{"family":"Mazaj","given":"Matjaž"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ange.202424747","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202424747","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412860316","type":"article-journal","title":"Marine high-temperature fuel cell power and propulsion system with integrated carbon capture: A techno-economic study","abstract":"This study proposes a retrofit energy system for a marine diesel oil (MDO) container vessel, integrating a methanol-fuelled internal combustion engine (ICE), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), carbon capture system, and organic Rankine cycle (ORC). The main goal of the paper was to reduce a large container vessel's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by retrofitting the traditional MDO ICE propulsion system. Comprehensive thermodynamic and economic analyses were conducted to evaluate its performance and feasibility. The system captures 93.2 % of CO 2 , reducing the CO 2 emission intensity (EMI) from 358.7 to 32.1 kg/MWh. While carbon capture equipment lowers the electrical efficiency by 8.4 %, the system achieves overall electrical and exergy efficiencies of 49 % and 56 %, respectively. The system meets the vessel's propulsion demand (39.9 MW) and supplies the required 4 MW auxiliary and 6 MW heating power. The levelised cost of energy (LCOE) is 0.16 $/kWh, with fuel costs accounting for 73.5 % of the LCOE. Annual revenues from CO 2 sales and carbon credits are projected at $12.35 million, surpassing carbon capture costs.","author":[{"family":"Berry","given":"SM"},{"family":"Roy","given":"Dibyendu"},{"family":"Roy","given":"Sumit"},{"family":"Roskilly","given":"Anthony"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126504","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126504","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413377843","type":"article-journal","title":"Subjective Perception and Cooling Effect for Dynamic Ventilation with Fluctuating Air Velocity","abstract":"Dynamic ventilation has proven effective in enhancing indoor thermal comfort. However, previous studies often expose participants to inconsistent thermal environments, potentially compromising the accuracy of subjective evaluations. To address this limitation, this study implemented dynamic ventilation with fluctuating air velocity in an accurately controlled environmental chamber. Objective measurements of indoor air velocity and air temperature distribution are conducted, and subjective thermal sensation votes are collected under thermally consistent environments among participants. During the experiment, all participants experience similar dynamic thermal environments. The results show that participants experience thermal comfort under dynamic ventilation. Dynamic ventilation enhances convective heat transfer between the human body and the surrounding air and stimulates cutaneous cold receptors. The pronounced cooling effect of dynamic airflow contributes to a reduction in skin temperature on the head, chest, upper arm, forearm, hand, and thigh, with a temperature drop ranging from 1.3% to 2.8%. In addition, dynamic ventilation significantly reduces draft risk, with the proportion of participants reporting a dissatisfied sensation decreasing from 10% to 0%. This study demonstrates the advantages of dynamic ventilation in improving thermal comfort and minimizing draft risk under controlled and uniform environmental conditions for all participants.","author":[{"family":"Lao","given":"Chunfeng"},{"family":"Ling","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Jinghua"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Sheng"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Gu","given":"Mingliang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/buildings15162871","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15162871","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407345069","type":"article-journal","title":"Optical Absorption in Indirect Semiconductor to Semimetal PtSe 2 Arises from Direct Transitions","abstract":"PtSe_{2} is a van der Waals material transitioning from an indirect band gap semiconductor to a semimetal with increasing thickness. Its absorption threshold has been conjectured to originate from interband indirect transitions. By quantitative comparison between broadband (0.8-3.0 eV) optical absorption of high-quality exfoliated crystals and DFT ab initio simulations, we prove instead that the optical absorption arises only from direct transitions. This understanding allows us to shed light on the semiconductor-to-semimetal transition in an emblematic strongly thickness-dependent 2D material, and to explore the effect of stacking and excitons on the optical absorption.","author":[{"family":"Tharrault","given":"Marin"},{"family":"Ayari","given":"Sabrine"},{"family":"Arfaoui","given":"Mehdi"},{"family":"Desgué","given":"Eva"},{"family":"Goff","given":"Romaric"},{"family":"Morfin","given":"Pascal"},{"family":"Palomo","given":"José"},{"family":"Rosticher","given":"Michaël"},{"family":"Jaziri","given":"S"},{"family":"Plaçais","given":"Bernard"},{"family":"Legagneux","given":"P"},{"family":"Carosella","given":"Francesca"},{"family":"Voisin","given":"Christophe"},{"family":"Ferreira","given":"R"},{"family":"Baudin","given":"Emmanuel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.066901","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.066901","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7116834026","type":"article-journal","title":"Machine Learning on the Frontlines of Air Pollution and Public Health: Revealing the Connection with Hospital Admissions","abstract":"Air pollution is a major factor influencing hospital admissions worldwide, highlighting the need for robust predictive tools to support healthcare planning and public health measures. Machine learning (ML) has been widely employed to simulate the intricate relationships between pollution and health outcomes. This paper examines publications indexed in the Scopus database, from 2010 to 2024 focusing on using ML techniques to forecast outcomes related to air pollution and hospital admissions. A bibliometric study of the 89 identified papers was also conducted to determine dominant research themes, commonly employed methodologies, and the geographical distribution of publications. The results indicate that research activity increased notably after 2020, with the United States of America, China, and Brazil contributing the highest number of publications. Moreover, the findings indicate that approximately 83% of the reviewed research applied predictive models appropriately, suggesting that ML techniques can effectively forecast healthcare outcomes. Random Forest was the most frequently used method (33 studies), followed by Neural Networks (18 studies). Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm, although less frequent, showed the highest reported accuracy, with values ranging from 87% to 95%. The most studied pollutants were particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and coarse particulate matter (PM10). Demographic and meteorological data were the most frequently used complementary (71% and 65%, respectively), followed by temporal (46%) and socioeconomic factors (20%). The combination of several variable categories not only enhanced understanding of how environmental exposure affects health outcomes but also improved the accuracy and reliability of the reviewed ML models.","author":[{"family":"Aval","given":"Farzaneh"},{"family":"Ataee","given":"Sina"},{"family":"Nemati","given":"Behrouz"},{"family":"Silva","given":"B"},{"family":"Lopes","given":"Diogo"},{"family":"Cirne","given":"Pedro"},{"family":"Martins","given":"Vânia"},{"family":"Miranda","given":"AM"},{"family":"Relvas","given":"Hélder"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/atmos17010017","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17010017","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410473510","type":"article-journal","title":"In Situ microstructure control during electric-arc-directed energy deposition","abstract":"Electric-arc-directed energy deposition (Arc-DED) revolutionises 3D metal printing by overcoming powder-based processes’ size and production rate limitations. While powder-based processes are constrained by small build chambers and 3–30 micron layer heights, Arc-DED allows for unlimited build scales and 3 mm layer heights, achieving up to 100 times faster deposition rates. Unfortunately, the high energy needed for these rates and thicknesses intensifies the heating and cooling cycles inherent to Arc-DED. This causes significant variations in microstructural and mechanical properties, limiting its use for advanced alloys. This study introduces a conformal top cooling method to regulate the chaotic thermal environment of Arc-DED deposition and produce as-deposited Inconel 718 (IN718) material equivalent to the solutionized condition. The concept is experimentally investigated using cold metal transfer (CMT) of IN718. The role of microstructural and phase uniformity during material production is discussed, material performance in as-deposited and heat-treated conditions is evaluated, processing-property relationships are investigated, and applicability to other materials is addressed. Results show a 45% reduction in process time due to improved thermal management, translating to as-processed microstructural uniformity. Homogeneity in grain growth, controlled phase development, and mechanical testing suggest an as-processed solutionizing effect, with minimised impact of specimen orientation after heat treatment.","author":[{"family":"Squires","given":"Lile"},{"family":"Champagne","given":"Victor"},{"family":"Bandyopadhyay","given":"Amit"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1080/17452759.2025.2499929","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17452759.2025.2499929","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413246424","type":"article-journal","title":"Design and Comparative Experimental Study of Air-Suction Mulai-Arm Potato Planter","abstract":"China ranks as the world’s leading potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) producer, while the poor seeding machinery performance limited a higher input–output ratio in potato cultivation and impeded sustainable development. We developed an advanced air-suction mulai-arm potato planter (ASPP) that incorporated integrated side-deep fertilization, automated seed feeding, negative-pressure seed filling, seed transportation, positive-pressure seed delivery, soil covering, and compaction. The study proposes a Negative-pressure seed extraction mechanism that minimizes seed damage by precisely controlling suction pressure, and the near-zero-speed seed delivery mechanism synchronizes seed release with ground speed, reducing bounce-induced spacing errors. Furthermore, the structural configuration and operation principle of ASPP were systematically elucidated, and key performance parameters and optimal values were identified. We conducted a randomized complete block design plot trial comparing the spoon-belt potato planter (SBPP) and spoon-chain potato planter (SCPP), evaluating sowing quality, seedling emergence rate (ER), potato yield (PY), and comprehensive economic benefits. The results revealed that plant spacing index (PSI), missed-seeding index (MI), re-seeding index (RI), and coefficient of variation (CV) of ASPP were 90.05%, 3.78%, 2.32%, and 7.93%, respectively. The mean ER values for ASPP, SBPP, and SCPP were 94.76%, 85.42%, and 83.46%, respectively, with the ASPP showing improvements of 10.93% and 13.54% over SBPP and SCPP. However, the SBPP and SCPP exhibited greater emergence uniformity than ASPP. The mean PY value was 37,205.25, 32,973.75, and 34,620 kg·ha−1 for ASPP, SBPP, and SCPP. The ASPP outperformed the SBPP and SCPP by 12.83% and 7.47%. Overall, ASPP demonstrated balanced and superior performance across the above-mentioned indicators, demonstrating its potential to enable precision agriculture in tuber crop cultivation.","author":[{"family":"Zhu","given":"Xiaoxin"},{"family":"Lyu","given":"Pinyan"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Qiang"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Haiqin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yuxuan"},{"family":"Qi","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jicheng"},{"family":"Lyu","given":"Jinqing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/agriculture15161714","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15161714","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409591644","type":"article-journal","title":"Multivariate covalent organic frameworks with tailored electrostatic potential promote nitrate electroreduction to ammonia in acid","abstract":"The direct synthesis of ammonia from nitrate (NO3–) reduction in acid is a promising approach for industrialization. However, the difficulty arises from the intense competition with the inevitable hydrogen evolution reaction, which is favoured due to the overwhelming protons (H+). Here, we systematically explore and rationally optimize the microenvironment using multivariate covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as catalyst adlayers to promote the nitrate-to-ammonia conversion in acid. With the application of tailored positive electrostatic potential generated over the multivariate COFs, both the mass transfer of NO3– and H+ are regulated via appropriate electrostatic interactions, thus realizing the priority of NO3RR with respect to HER or NO3–-to-NO2–. As a result, an NH3 yield rate of 11.01 mmol h–1 mg–1 and a corresponding Faradaic efficiency of 91.0% are attained, and solid NH4Cl with a high purity of 96.2% is directly collected in acid; therefore, this method provides a practical approach for economically valorising wastewater into valuable ammonia. Ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate reduction direct in acid is restricted by intense competition with hydrogen evolution. Here, a heterogeneous catalyst adlayer composed of multivariate covalent organic frameworks is reported to regulate the microenvironment and promote acidic nitrate reduction.","author":[{"family":"Cheng","given":"Qiyang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Sisi"},{"family":"He","given":"Yanzheng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Mengfan"},{"family":"Ji","given":"Haoqing"},{"family":"Huan","given":"Yunfei"},{"family":"Qian","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Chenglin"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Jianmei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-59052-2","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59052-2","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413257661","type":"article-journal","title":"Numerical and experimental investigation of the solar air heater with latent heat storage and fin","abstract":"In current numerical work, a mathematical model for an air collector with latent heat storage is established and solved using the finite difference method. The glass, absorber plate, and air flow temperatures are described in one-dimensional unsteady terms. The storage material simulation is formed by a two-dimensional unsteady modeling and solved using the enthalpy method. By analyzing the temperature distribution and phase change behavior within the PCM using a two-dimensional unsteady model, this research provides a more detailed understanding of the thermal storage process compared to studies employing one-dimensional models. The mathematical model was validated by an outdoor experiment under prevailing climatic conditions in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The absorber plate is equipped with longitudinal rectangular fins to enhance heat transfer. Height of storage material, air flow rate and fin geometries are set as independent parameters to investigate phase change in latent storage and daily performance. Simulation results show that a storage height of 20 cm is suitable to fully liquify and to extend the operating time to 21:00. Attaching the fins increases the daily efficiency up to 13.7% compared to that of a smooth duct air collector. Latent heat storage provides the most uniform outlet air temperature compared to sensible storage and without storage. The standard deviation of outlet air temperature with time of day is 6.34 °C, 8.47 °C, and 9.20 °C for the types of latent heat storage, sensible heat storage, and without storage, respectively.","author":[{"family":"Hap","given":"Nguyen"},{"family":"Phan","given":"Thành"},{"family":"Phu","given":"Nguyen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-15959-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15959-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408396765","type":"article-journal","title":"Large-eddy simulation of high-pressure direct injections of hydrogen with tabulated chemistry","abstract":"• High-pressure H2 injections are simulated using tabulated chemistry (HR-FGM-LES). • The results are compared to the available literature. • The ignition delay and kernel appearance are captured by the HR-FGM-LES method with fair accuracy. • The HR-FGM-LES method is able to capture overall the flame retention process. • The upstream flame propagation may be driven by a series of recessing auto-ignition Phenomena. The unique thermo-physical properties of hydrogen can facilitate the design of a highly efficient internal combustion engine. However, they also introduce additional challenges in modeling the related igniting and burning process. For instance, in tabulated chemistry models like the Flamelet Generated Manifold (FGM), the high diffusivity of hydrogen often prevents the control variables from being monotonic. To overcome this problem, a method combining zero-dimensional (0D) homogeneous reactors and one-dimensional (1D) flamelets (HR-FGM) has recently been developed and validated. In the present paper, this method is extended to high-pressure conditions, enabling the simulation of reacting direct-injections of auto-igniting pure hydrogen flames including preferential diffusion in Large Eddy Simulation (HR-FGM-LES). Different injection pressures and ambient conditions are simulated and the results are compared and validated against the experimental literature available. Good agreement is found in terms of the ignition delay and flame dynamics confirming the effectiveness of the HR-FGM. In particular, it is shown that the proposed method achieves ignition delay predictions within 4 % and 13 % and flame propagation within 8 % and 15 % of the corresponding experimental values for the cases of high and low ambient temperature, respectively. However, the upstream retention rate is overestimated by a factor of 2. Furthermore, a numerical analysis reveals that the first igniting kernel appears in the mid-jet region and on the very lean side because such area corresponds to the longest residence time, with the most reactive mixture fraction and a low scalar dissipation rate.","author":[{"family":"Ballatore","given":"A"},{"family":"Somers","given":"Bart"},{"family":"Oijen","given":"JAV"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.134933","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2025.134933","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411542398","type":"article-journal","title":"Taming plastic pollution—a systematic mapping of the literature on plastic policies between 2009 and 2024","abstract":"Abstract This review article systematically maps the literature on the policy and politics of plastic pollution since 2009 and identifies future avenues for research. The conceptualization of wicked problems guides the structure of this review along two dimensions of policymaking: the policy dimension, which concerns problem definitions and objectives, and policy solutions. The politics dimension reflects stakeholders and their perception of problems and interests. We show that the respective research has gained momentum in the past 15 years, but it still has a strong focus on inventorying policies or policy instruments, policy evaluations or impact assessments, and behavioural analyses, as well as investigations of the global governance architecture and the need for a new multilateral environmental agreement (MEA). In contrast, systematic assessments of policy efficacy or country-level plastic policy performance are still rare. Likewise, studies about the politics dimension, i.e. on actors involved in policymaking and their policy beliefs and preferences, are still scant. However, both aspects are crucial in the light of a new MEA, as its success and effectiveness strongly hinge on the capacity and willingness of countries to comply with MEA obligations, i.e. adopt and implement respective policies at the national and local levels. Hence, future research should focus more on politics instead of policy to provide new insights into the feasibility of the different policy options, and it should work more on systematic evaluations of policy instruments along the life cycle of plastics and country performances.","author":[{"family":"Kammerer","given":"Marlene"},{"family":"Beer","given":"Till"},{"family":"Wiedemann","given":"Ruth"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s10113-025-02420-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-025-02420-x","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409167848","type":"article-journal","title":"Data-driven predictive analysis and visualisation of air–water dynamics in an air vessel","abstract":"ABSTRACT Transient flow issues, particularly pressure surges in air vessels, significantly challenge the safe and efficient operation of water systems. This paper explores a hybrid approach, integrating machine learning, including deep learning, to address these challenges through predictive analysis. Focusing on a prevalent but often overlooked transient flow issue, this method combines visual data, from a high-speed camera, with numerical data from pressure transducers and a velocity profiler. A U-Net deep learning model performs image segmentation to quantify air–water mixture patterns, providing crucial input for subsequent pressure predictions. Three neural network models are developed, incorporating visual information derived from the segmentation. These models predict pressure variations within an air vessel, crucial for managing pressure surges and ensuring system safety. Experimental data from transient flow tests are used for training and validation. Results demonstrate that incorporating visual data significantly improves pressure prediction accuracy, generalising to both interpolation and extrapolation scenarios. The models, despite being trained with limited data, yield satisfactory predictions. Key challenges include dataset limitations for image segmentation and the practical acquisition of high-resolution visual data in real-world settings. These findings lay the groundwork for more effective real-time monitoring and control of water systems, contributing to improved safety and efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Besharat","given":"Mohsen"},{"family":"Rabbani","given":"Arash"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xiaoyuan"},{"family":"Sosa","given":"Jose"},{"family":"Moran","given":"Vincent"},{"family":"Evans","given":"Barbara"},{"family":"Ramos","given":"Helena"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.2166/hydro.2025.287","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2025.287","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4415816368","type":"article-journal","title":"Generation of reactive oxygen species in water droplets levitated in air","abstract":"Water droplets exceeding 100 µm in diameter are commonly found in natural aerosols, where the surfaces of these droplets often acquire charges owing to contact and friction with the surrounding air and particulates, influencing various atmospheric processes. This study reports the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in millimeter-sized droplets levitated in air. The friction between the droplets and air results in positive charge accumulation on the droplet surface, which leads to ROS production from the water while smaller, negatively charged droplets escape from the surface. The concentration of ROS increases with droplet suspension time. Under electrostatic fields, such as those present in cumulonimbus clouds, corona discharge occurs on the droplet surface, further enhancing ROS formation. These findings offer a new mechanistic explanation for the presence of ROS in raindrops, arising from chemical processes at the charged air-water interface of atmospheric droplets.","author":[{"family":"Xia","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiaoxu"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Fengjie"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Jinheng"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Xufeng"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Bolei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xinxing"},{"family":"Zare","given":"Richard"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1039/d5sc01631b","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sc01631b","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406168255","type":"article-journal","title":"Thermal data from Málaga's historical centre: Surface and air temperature measurements captured via mobile station and thermal imaging","abstract":"This dataset contains air and surface temperature measurements taken twice daily at 11:00 and 23:00 GMT+2 from 24th June to 5th July 2024 (a total of 10 days) in the historical centre of Malaga, Spain. It includes detailed thermal readings from various street materials and the facades of historical buildings, offering insights into the thermal properties and responses of these elements at different times of day. This dataset provides valuable information on localized temperature variations within the historical centre, influenced by different materials and architectural styles. It can be used to model microclimate variations, evaluate the thermal behavior of both historical and contemporary materials, and inform urban planning and heritage conservation efforts","author":[{"family":"Forestieri","given":"Giulia"},{"family":"Tomatis","given":"Francisco"},{"family":"Jatoespino","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Acosta","given":"Mónica"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.dib.2025.111274","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2025.111274","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412517205","type":"article-journal","title":"BiDGCNLLM: A Graph–Language Model for Drone State Forecasting and Separation in Urban Air Mobility Using Digital Twin-Augmented Remote ID Data","abstract":"Accurate prediction of drone motion within structured urban air corridors is essential for ensuring safe and efficient operations in Urban Air Mobility (UAM) systems. Although real-world Remote Identification (Remote ID) regulations require drones to broadcast critical flight information such as velocity, access to large-scale, high-quality broadcast data remains limited. To address this, this study leverages a Digital Twin (DT) framework to augment Remote ID spatio-temporal broadcasts, emulating the sensing environment of dense urban airspace. Using Remote ID data, we propose BiDGCNLLM, a hybrid prediction framework that integrates a Bidirectional Graph Convolutional Network (BiGCN) with Dynamic Edge Weighting and a reprogrammed Large Language Model (LLM, Qwen2.5–0.5B) to capture spatial dependencies and temporal patterns in drone speed trajectories. The model forecasts near-future speed variations in surrounding drones, supporting proactive conflict avoidance in constrained air corridors. Results from the AirSUMO co-simulation platform and a DT replica of the Cranfield University campus show that BiDGCNLLM outperforms state-of-the-art time series models in short-term velocity prediction. Compared to Transformer-LSTM, BiDGCNLLM marginally improves the R2 by 11.59%. This study introduces the integration of LLMs into dynamic graph-based drone prediction. It shows the potential of Remote ID broadcasts to enable scalable, real-time airspace safety solutions in UAM.","author":[{"family":"Wen","given":"Zhang"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Junjie"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"An"},{"family":"Bi","given":"Wenhao"},{"family":"Kuang","given":"Boyu"},{"family":"Su","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ruixin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/drones9070508","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/drones9070508","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410008750","type":"article-journal","title":"Global Response of Vertical Total Electron Content to Mother’s Day G5 Geomagnetic Storm of May 2024: Insights from IGS and GIM Observations","abstract":"The G5 geomagnetic storm of May 2024 provided a significant opportunity to investigate global ionospheric disturbances using vertical total electron content (VTEC) data derived from 422 GNSS-IGS stations and GIM. This study presents a comprehensive spatio-temporal analysis of VTEC modulation before, during, and after the storm, focusing on hemispheric asymmetries and longitudinal variations. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the spatial and temporal modulation of VTEC under extreme geomagnetic conditions, assess the hemispheric asymmetry and longitudinal disruptions, and evaluate the influence of geomagnetic indices on storm-time ionospheric variability. The indices examined reveal intense geomagnetic activity, with the dst index plunging to −412 nT, the Kp index reaching 9, and significant fluctuations in the auroral electrojet indices (AE, AL, AU), all indicative of severe space weather conditions. The results highlight storm-induced hemispheric asymmetries, with positive storm effects (VTEC enhancement) in the Northern Hemisphere and negative storm effects (VTEC depletion) in the Southern Hemisphere. These anomalies are primarily attributed to penetration electric fields, neutral wind effects, and composition changes in the ionosphere. The storm’s peak impact on DoY 132 exhibited maximum disturbances at ±90° and ±180° longitudes, emphasizing the role of geomagnetic forces in plasma redistribution. Longitudinal gradients were strongly amplified, disrupting the usual equatorial ionization anomaly structure. Post-storm recovery on DoY 136 demonstrated a gradual return to equilibrium, although lingering effects persisted at mid- and high latitudes. These findings are crucial for understanding space weather-induced ionospheric perturbations, directly impacting GNSS-based navigation, communication systems, and space weather forecasting.","author":[{"family":"Pal","given":"Sanjoy"},{"family":"Sarkar","given":"Soumen"},{"family":"Nanda","given":"Kousik"},{"family":"Sanyal","given":"Aritra"},{"family":"Brawar","given":"Bhuvnesh"},{"family":"Datta","given":"Abhirup"},{"family":"Potirakis","given":"Stelios"},{"family":"Maurya","given":"Ajeet"},{"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Arnab"},{"family":"Panchadhyayee","given":"Pradipta"},{"family":"Ray","given":"Saibal"},{"family":"Sasmal","given":"Sudipta"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/atmos16050529","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16050529","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411767626","type":"article-journal","title":"Polymerization‐Induced Direct Photolithography of Quantum Dots","abstract":"The development of high-resolution displays has driven the exploration of quantum dot (QD)-based patterning techniques, ranging from inkjet printing to direct photolithography. Among these methods, direct photolithography stands out as a promising technique for creating high-resolution QD patterns without the need for a photoresist layer. This approach relies on photochemical reactions that induce solubility changes in target materials when exposed to specific wavelengths of light. While various patterning strategies have been reported, polymerization-induced network formation offers a straightforward yet effective approach for fabricating QD patterns, simultaneously inheriting the advantageous physical and chemical properties of polymers. This review categorizes and discusses the photochemical reactions that enable polymerization according to their underlying mechanisms. Recent examples utilizing these reactions for direct photolithography of QDs are classified and summarized based on reactive functional groups-alkene, alkane, alkyne, and disulfide-involved in the polymerization process. Finally, we propose future directions for advancing this technology, including improvements in material compatibility, device integration, and the introduction of new functionalities, which could further expand the potential applications of QD-based optoelectronic devices.","author":[{"family":"Kim","given":"Taehyung"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Taehyung"},{"family":"Gwak","given":"Namyoung"},{"family":"Oh","given":"Nuri"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Tae"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Tae"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/marc.202500372","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.202500372","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407577140","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing Emissions Reduction in Ammonia–Ethylene Chemical Clusters: Synergistic Integration of Electrification, Carbon Capture, and Hydrogen","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The transition of the chemical industry to net-zero CO 2 emissions presents several significant challenges, due to the presence of carbon as material feedstock, the capital-intensive nature of plants, the interdependence of multiple processes within industrial clusters, and the availability of low-carbon electricity, hydrogen, and CO 2 transport and storage. To obtain an effective plan for reducing emissions, a comprehensive modeling approach that accounts for the dynamics of clusters and their interactions with the broader energy system is needed. In light of the aforementioned considerations, the present study develops and applies a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model with a one-year hourly resolution to optimize technology selection and operation in two existing ammonia-ethylene clusters. The findings show that significant emission reduction is possible with close-to-market technologies that bridge electrification, green hydrogen, and carbon capture and storage, yet reaching zero emission is not possible. Moreover, the optimal CO 2 reduction strategies are highly cluster-specific and contingent upon the availability of a critical infrastructure. For instance, emissions can increase by up to 118% in the absence of a CO 2 transport and storage infrastructure, because separated CO 2 from reformer syngas cannot be stored or further utilized. While process integration can improve cost-effective CO 2 mitigation, reducing costs by 9–%11% and emissions by 29%–54%, it also limits operational flexibility. The developed framework offers a valuable tool for identifying cluster designs and robust CO 2 emission reduction strategies.","author":[{"family":"Tiggeloven","given":"Julia"},{"family":"Faaij","given":"André"},{"family":"Kramer","given":"Gert"},{"family":"Gazzani","given":"Matteo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03817","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03817","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406203066","type":"article-journal","title":"Low NOx ammonia / methane combustion with highly preheated air in a furnace","abstract":"In this study, attempts have been made to utilize ammonia in the industrial heating field, in which highly preheated air around 1000°C is used under high temperature atmosphere inside the furnace 1200°C. The high temperature inlet air and atmosphere are realized in the bench-scale furnace. Ammonia and methane in the fraction of 30%-NH3 and 70%-CH4 based on lower heating value, corresponding volumetric fraction of 55%-NH3 and 45%-CH4 is used as fuel under the fixed thermal input of 40-kW. On the furnace, the nozzle burner is installed in which fuel nozzles are installed inner side of the annular air nozzle, and furthermore, injection nozzles called “F2 nozzle” are installed on the top side of the furnace to inject NH3 separately from the air. To stabilize the combustion field, CH4 is injected from the burner for all cases. Results of exhaust gas measurements show that over 1000ppm of NOx is emitted for NH3 burner injection, however, in the case F2#1-NH3 injection from x = 0.3-m where x is the distance from the burner, NOx is drastically decreased to 464ppm even with high temperature inlet air and atmosphere. NOx concentration is further decreased by increasing the distance of the F2-NH3 nozzle from the air, then, NOx is reduced to 160ppm for F2#6-NH3 injection which is located at 3.3-m from the burner air. Furthermore, unburned NH3 and N2O are not detected for all cases of examined. As a result of species measurement inside the furnace for F2#6 NH3 injection case, it is found that the O2 concentration is significantly low at the upstream of NH3 injection position, thus, injecting NH3 into the low O2 concentration region is considered to be effective to reduce NOx even for NH3 combustion with high temperature inlet air and atmosphere.","author":[{"family":"Shimokuri","given":"Daisuke"},{"family":"Miyake","given":"Tomohisa"},{"family":"Wakata","given":"Yuji"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Apurba"},{"family":"Kishimura","given":"Tsukasa"},{"family":"Sonoda","given":"T"},{"family":"Hashimoto","given":"Nozomu"},{"family":"Nakamura","given":"Hisashi"},{"family":"Sato","given":"Junichi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1299/jtst.24-00347","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1299/jtst.24-00347","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413480717","type":"article-journal","title":"Wind-Induced Bending Characteristics of Crop Leaves and Their Potential Applications in Air-Assisted Spray Optimization","abstract":"Crop leaves naturally exhibit a curved morphology and primarily display bending deformation and vibrational responses under wind load. The curved surface structure of leaves plays a critical role in the deposition and retention of pesticide droplets. In this study, wind tunnel experiments combined with high-speed photography and digital image analysis were conducted to systematically investigate the curvature and flexibility distributions of three typical crop leaves: walnut, peach, and pepper, across a range of wind speeds. The results indicate that with increasing wind speed, all three types of leaves gradually transition from smooth, uniform bending to a multi-peak pattern of pronounced local curvature, with increasingly prominent nonlinear deformation characteristics. Moreover, once the wind speed exceeds the critical threshold of 6 m/s, the primary deformation region generally shifts from the leaf base to the tip. For example, the maximum curvature of walnut leaves increased from 0.018 mm−1 to 0.047 mm−1, and that of pepper leaves from 0.031 mm−1 to 0.101 mm−1, both more than double their original values. In addition, all three types of leaves demonstrated a distinct structural gradient characterized by strong basal rigidity and high apical flexibility. The tip flexibility values exceeded 1.5 × 10−5, 4 × 10−4, and 5.6 × 10−4 mm−2·mN−1 for walnut, peach, and pepper leaves, respectively. These findings elucidate the mechanical response mechanisms of non-uniform flexible crop leaves under wind-induced bending and provide a theoretical basis and data support for the optimization of air-assisted spraying parameters.","author":[{"family":"Gao","given":"Zhouming"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Kaiyuan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Kuan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Jian"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Xiaoya"},{"family":"Qiu","given":"Baijing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/horticulturae11091002","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11091002","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414887256","type":"article-journal","title":"Defect-modulated oxygen adsorption and Z-scheme charge transfer for highly selective H2O2 photosynthesis in pure water","abstract":"Solar-driven H2O2 production provides an eco-friendly and scalable alternative to conventional anthraquinone processes. However, its efficiency has been limited by the inefficient charge separation and poor selectivity for the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e- ORR). Here we report a Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst constructed by in-situ growth of sulfur-deficient ZnIn2S4 nanosheets onto UiO-66-NH2 (a zirconium-based metal-organic framework). This heterojunction promotes efficient charge separation while retaining strong redox capability, and sulfur vacancies regulate O2 adsorption into a configuration that suppresses O-O bond cleavage and favors 2e- ORR. As a result, the composite achieves a high H2O2 production rate of 3200 μmol g-1 h-1 with 94.3% selectivity in pure water under ambient air and visible light. A continuous-flow prototype exhibits stable performance for over 200 h, and the generated H2O2 solution enables direct bacteria disinfection. Spectroscopic and theoretical analyses reveal the critical role of sulfur vacancies in optimizing O2 activation. Our findings highlight a synergistic strategy of tuning charge dynamics and O2 adsorption configurations for designing next-generation systems for sustainable H2O2 production and water disinfection. H2O2 photosynthesis offers a green alternative to traditional methods, but challenges remain in charge separation and reaction selectivity. Here, the authors report Z-scheme photocatalysts where sulfur vacancy regulates O2 adsorption configuration, enhancing H2O2 production with high selectivity.","author":[{"family":"Gao","given":"Zixiang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Fuyu"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zongwei"},{"family":"Song","given":"Qiang"},{"family":"Cullen","given":"Patrick"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiaoyu"},{"family":"Zuo","given":"Zhihong"},{"family":"Zhong","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Xize"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Zhuofeng"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Runzeng"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Qingzhe"},{"family":"Yin","given":"Yongguang"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Yong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-64166-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64166-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411256434","type":"article-journal","title":"Global trends and challenges in biogas purification and CO 2 capture for renewable energy and climate mitigation","abstract":"Abstract Biogas purification technologies facilitate the production of value‐added products such as biomethane and industrial chemicals. This review was based on the assumption that biogas purification is underrepresented in the literature despite its significant potential for clean energy and greenhouse gas mitigation, warranting a comprehensive bibliometric and scientometric analysis. Using data from Clarivate Analytics’ ISI Web of Science, the study examines research on biogas purification and CO 2 capture. The results show relatively few in‐depth publications, but there is growing interest in biogas as a sustainable alternative to natural gas and conventional fuels, driven by emission reduction goals. Key challenges include high costs, limited technological advances (e.g., membranes, chemical absorption), and insufficient regulatory support. The leading areas of publication are energy fuels, environmental engineering, and environmental sciences. China, UK, and the USA are major contributors; however, the EU leads in commercial deployment, reflecting more advanced integration into sustainable energy systems. In addition to biogas, the fermentation process produces organic residues with significant potential for valorization through nutrient recovery, composting, and extraction of high‐value products, enhancing resource efficiency and sustainability. Biogas represents a promising solution for energy transition, sustainable development, and circular economy integration.","author":[{"family":"Marchiori","given":"Priscila"},{"family":"Ferreira","given":"Vanessa"},{"family":"Frönerlacerda","given":"Luana"},{"family":"Castro","given":"Luiz"},{"family":"Sillero","given":"Leonor"},{"family":"Zanin","given":"Hudson"},{"family":"Forstercarneiro","given":"Tânia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/bbb.2805","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.2805","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407844917","type":"article-journal","title":"Modeling of CO2 Capture by Electro-Swing Reactive Adsorption from Low-Concentration Streams","abstract":"This article investigates the performance of Faradaic electro-swing reactive adsorption (ESA) for CO2 capture using simulations. Traditional methods such as amine scrubbing face energy efficiency challenges, particularly at low CO2 concentrations. ESA, which uses electricity for CO2 regeneration, offers a promising alternative due to its isothermal operation and scalability. The study models ESA using quinone-based redox-active CO2 carriers in an electrochemical cell with an ionic liquid electrolyte, allowing reversible adsorption and release through voltage control. The model estimates system productivity and energy consumption, considering transport and chemical kinetics. Key findings show that operating parameters, such as applied potential and gas flow rate, have a significant effect on efficiency. Applying a potential of −1.3 V improved the adsorption capacity, reducing CO2 capture time compared to −1.1 V. At a 1% CO2 concentration and a low flow rate, effective capture resulted in a productivity of 1.6 kg/(m3·day) with an energy consumption of 0.6 MWh/tCO2. However, higher gas flow rates reduced capture efficiency due to CO2 transport limitations in the ionic liquid. Optimization of electrode design is essential to improve ESA efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Chevrel","given":"Célisse"},{"family":"Joannis","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Castel","given":"Christophe"},{"family":"Authier","given":"Olivier"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/cleantechnol7010018","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol7010018","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4412156234","type":"article-journal","title":"Mechanistic Studies of Oxidative Degradation in Diamine-Appended Metal–Organic Frameworks Exhibiting Cooperative CO 2 Capture","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Understanding the impact of O 2 during a carbon capture process is vital for designing robust, cost-effective materials for carrying it out. However, mechanistic studies of the O 2 -induced degradation of materials are not easily undertaken owing to the complex sequential reaction pathways that arise. Here, we report comprehensive mechanistic investigations of the O 2 -induced degradation of diamine-appended metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibiting cooperative CO 2 adsorption. Oxygen exposure experiments were performed on seven different diamine-appended MOFs, including e-2–Mg 2 (dobpdc) (e-2 = N -ethylethylenediamine, dobpdc 4– = 4,4′-dioxidobiphenyl-3,3′-dicarboxylate), under various temperatures and O 2 pressures. These experiments show that diamine degradation inhibits CO 2 chemisorption and that the degradation rate is significantly influenced by the diamine structure. In contrast, the parent frameworks remain essentially intact upon O 2 exposure. Detailed characterization of O 2 -exposed e-2–Mg 2 (dobpdc) revealed the formation of various degradation products, including acetaldehyde, carbon dioxide, water, ethylamine, and other aldehyde- and imine-containing species. Together, these observations suggest that diamine degradation occurs via C–N bond cleavage through pathways involving C-centered radicals. Furthermore, computational evaluation of the initiation and propagation pathways for amine degradation in diamine-appended MOFs indicates that (i) degradation is likely initiated by OH •, (ii) carbon-centered radicals generated via radical transfer reactions react with O 2, leading to amine degradation, and (iii) the rate-limiting step of the degradation reactions likely involves O–O bond cleavage. Overall, these mechanistic insights could inform strategies for mitigating O 2 -induced amine degradation in next-generation carbon capture technologies.","author":[{"family":"Xiong","given":"Shuoyan"},{"family":"Sterling","given":"Alistair"},{"family":"Tkachenko","given":"Nikolay"},{"family":"Reyes","given":"Rhea"},{"family":"Tsai","given":"Hsinhan"},{"family":"Lee","given":"Jaeheon"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Dods","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Lu","given":"David"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Ziting"},{"family":"Börgel","given":"Jonas"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Jeong"},{"family":"Schmeiser","given":"A"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Junyang"},{"family":"Furukawa","given":"Hiroyasu"},{"family":"Peters","given":"Aaron"},{"family":"Mccloskey","given":"Bryan"},{"family":"Reimer","given":"Jeffrey"},{"family":"Weston","given":"Simon"},{"family":"Headgordon","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Long","given":"Jeffrey"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/jacs.5c07551","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c07551","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409772555","type":"article-journal","title":"Impacts of air pollutions on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases through inflammation: a comprehensive analysis of one million Chinese and half million UK individuals","abstract":"Epidemiological studies have found an association between air pollution and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CACD) and its subtypes. However, there is a lack of individual-level data to explore the associations of air pollutants on CACD and its subtypes, the interaction among them, and the potential mechanism. This study employed a two-stage design, combining a time-stratified case-crossover study with a cohort study, analyzing data from one million individuals from China and half million from the UK. The study assessed the impact of air pollutants on CACD and its subtypes, while also examining the mediating effects of inflammation. Distributed lag non-linear models were used to analyze the lagged effects of pollutants, and mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the role of inflammatory markers (SII, SIRI, AISI) in the relationship between air pollution and CACD. A total of 829,135 CSDs patients were recorded in this study. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , SO 2 , CO, and O 3 was associated with increases of 11.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 9.5%-13.2%], 10.5% (95% CI 8.6%-12.3%), 3% (95% CI 1%-5%), 15.2% (95% CI 13.3%-17.1%), 15.5% (95% CI 11.6%-19.5%), and 2.8% (95% CI 2.2%-3.4%) in CSDs, respectively. A similar positive association was also observed for cardiovascular and ischemic heart diseases. A significant synergistic interaction between PM 2.5 and NO 2 and CO for CSDs. Approximately 64.75%, 21.13%, 32.2%, 2.31%, 43.7% and 43.7% of the effects of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , SO 2 , CO, and O 3 on CSDs were significantly mediated by SII. This study provides robust evidence that short-term exposure to common air pollutants significantly increases the risk of CACD and its subtypes, with inflammation playing a crucial mediating role. The findings underscore the importance of coordinated air pollution control strategies and public health interventions to mitigate the cardiovascular risks associated with air pollution.","author":[{"family":"Fei","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Guohua"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yongbin"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Pingshuan"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Kan"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Xie","given":"Na"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jingyu"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Hengwen"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xiaomei"},{"family":"Li","given":"Huan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xuefang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Dongxu"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Siyu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiuli"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Yujing"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Guoan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhigang"},{"family":"Pu","given":"Jun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12967-025-06397-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-025-06397-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4407222076","type":"article-journal","title":"Advancing Human Health Risk Assessment Through a Stochastic Methodology for Mobile Source Air Toxics","abstract":"Mobile source air toxics (MSATs) are major contributors to urban air pollution, especially near high-traffic roadways, where populations face elevated pollutant exposures. Traditional human health risk assessments, based on deterministic methods, often overlook variability in exposure and the vulnerabilities of sensitive subpopulations. This study introduces and applies a new stochastic modeling approach, utilizing Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate cumulative cancer risks from MSATs exposure through inhalation and ingestion pathways. This method captures variability in exposure scenarios, providing detailed health risk assessments, particularly for vulnerable groups such as children and the elderly. This approach was demonstrated in a case study conducted in Saint Paul, Minnesota, using 2019 traffic data. Deterministic models estimated cumulative cancer risks for adults at 6.24E-02 (unitless lifetime cancer risk), while stochastic modeling revealed a broader range, with the 95th percentile reaching 4.98E-02. The 95th percentile, used in regulatory evaluations, identifies high-risk scenarios overlooked by deterministic methods. This research advances the understanding of MSATs exposure risks by integrating spatiotemporal dynamics, identifying high-risk zones and vulnerable subpopulations, and supporting resource allocation for targeted pollution control measures. Future applications of this methodology include expanding stochastic modeling to evaluate ecological risks from mobile emissions.","author":[{"family":"Munshed","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Thé","given":"Jesse"},{"family":"Fraser","given":"Roydon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/environments12020054","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/environments12020054","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411190919","type":"article-journal","title":"Rapid Methylation of Aryl Bromides Using Air‐Stable DABCO‐Bis(Trimethylaluminum) via Nickel Metallaphotoredox Catalysis","abstract":"Abstract We report a metallaphotocatalytic strategy for the selective methylation of (hetero)aryl bromides via nickel‐catalyzed cross‐coupling with bis(trimethylaluminum)‐1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABAl‐Me₃), as a commercially available, air‐stable, and non‐pyrophoric aluminum‐based reagent. The method enables a fast, robust, and scalable methylation protocol that broadly accommodates various functional groups while preventing protodehalogenation. Mechanistic studies confirm the unprecedented generation of methyl radicals from an organo‐aluminum precursor under photoredox conditions, bypassing the limitations of conventional two‐electron pathways. This work expands the toolbox of practical radical precursors and provides a streamlined approach for selective C(sp 2 )─CH 3 bond formation.","author":[{"family":"Djossou","given":"Jonas"},{"family":"Aloia","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Capaldo","given":"Luca"},{"family":"Snabilié","given":"Demi"},{"family":"Regnier","given":"Morgan"},{"family":"Schuurmans","given":"J"},{"family":"Monopoli","given":"Antonio"},{"family":"Bruin","given":"Bas"},{"family":"Noël","given":"Timothy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/anie.202508710","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202508710","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411883233","type":"article-journal","title":"Evaluating Particulate Matter Reduction by Indoor Plants in a Recirculating Air System","abstract":"Particulate matter (PM) is a major health risk, particularly in indoor environments where air quality should be optimized and pollution reduced efficiently. While technical air purification systems can be costly and impractical, indoor plants offer a sustainable alternative. Using a novel methodology, four common indoor plants were evaluated for their potential to reduce PM2.5. PM2.5 was introduced via incense in a custom-designed test chamber with air circulating at 0.3 m/s. Air quality was continuously monitored with an AirGradient Open Air device (Model O-1PST), an optical particle counter. Statistical significance was confirmed by independent t-tests and ANOVA. Calcium chloride regulated relative humidity in the chamber. The plants Epipremnum aureum, Chlorophytum comosum, Nephrolepis exaltata, and Maranta leuconeura were assessed for their PM2.5-binding capacity. Nephrolepis exaltata showed the highest reduction efficiency. Maranta leuconeura with its hemispherical leaf cells was tested for the first time and proved to trap particles within its leaf structure. It is ranked second and showed a stronger dependence on ambient PM2.5 concentrations for reduction efficiency.","author":[{"family":"Streit","given":"Erich"},{"family":"Schabauer","given":"Jolan"},{"family":"Korjenić","given":"Azra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/atmos16070783","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16070783","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7114910092","type":"article-journal","title":"Low-Cost Sensor Systems and IoT Technologies for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring: Instrumentation, Models, Implementation, and Perspectives for Validation","abstract":"In recent decades, significant efforts have been devoted to constructing energy-efficient buildings, providing comfortable indoor environments. However, measures such as enhanced airtightness, while reducing infiltration through the building envelope, might consequently reduce natural ventilation. This reduction is a critical concern because natural ventilation is an essential factor in controlling indoor air quality (IAQ), and its diminution could therefore worsen IAQ. Sick building syndrome has emerged as a term used to describe health hazards linked to the time spent indoors but with no particular cause. Since people spend most of their time indoors, the demand for continuous and real-time IAQ management to reduce human exposure to pollutants has increased considerably. In this context, low-cost sensors (LCS) for IAQ monitoring have become popular, driven by recent technological advancements and increased awareness regarding indoor air pollution and its negative health impacts. Although LCS do not meet the performance requirements of reference and regulatory equipment, they provide informative measurements, offering high-resolution monitoring, emission source identification, exposure mitigation, real-time IAQ assessment, and energy efficiency management. This perspective article proposes a general model for LCS systems (and subsystems) implementation and presents a prospective analysis of their strengths and limitations for IAQ management, reviews the literature regarding sensor system technologies, and offers design recommendations. It provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field of IAQ and discusses future trends.","author":[{"family":"Lopes","given":"Sérgio"},{"family":"Orłowski","given":"Cezary"},{"family":"Branco","given":"Pedro"},{"family":"Karatzas","given":"Kostas"},{"family":"Villena","given":"Guillermo"},{"family":"Saffell","given":"John"},{"family":"Marques","given":"Gonçalo"},{"family":"Sousa","given":"Sofia"},{"family":"Lenartz","given":"Fabian"},{"family":"Bergmans","given":"Benjamin"},{"family":"Bigi","given":"Alessandro"},{"family":"Pflanzner","given":"Tamás"},{"family":"García","given":"Mila"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/s25247567","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s25247567","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410996813","type":"article-journal","title":"Self-powered sensing platform based on triboelectric nanogenerators towards intelligent mining industry","abstract":"Gold’s crucial role in economic and technological developments has driven the industry towards underground mining, with air quality concerns challenging workers’ safety. Currently, commercial solutions to assess air quality and safety in underground mines often suffer from low accuracy, high installation and maintenance costs, without providing data on noxious gases. To address these limitations, we developed a triboelectric self-powered sensing-platform (TESS) employing two distinct triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) modules to achieve power generation and wind-speed sensing function, with an ultra-low starting wind speed (0.32 m s−1), capable of operating for up to 3 months in underground mining tunnels. Wind-sensing capabilities are accrued by a horizontal turbine based on non-contact TENGs. Meanwhile, the TESS is powered by a distinct array of TENGs that operates via a new working mode, balancing the advantages of contact-separation and free-standing modes. Assisted by an optimized self-driven power management system, the TESS attains a charging power density of 16.36 mW m−2; this power is delivered every 166 s to a sensor node (temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and concentrations of CO, NO2, NH3), a data processing unit, and a LoRa transmitter. This work represents a leap forward in developing robust, cost-effective, battery-free, and wireless TENG-based environmental sensing platforms. Commercial solutions to assess air quality and safety in underground mines often suffer from low accuracy, high installation and maintenance costs, without providing data on noxious gases. Here, the authors present a wireless, battery-free sensing platform for environmental monitoring of underground mines.","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Lindong"},{"family":"Shang","given":"Yurui"},{"family":"Berbille","given":"Andy"},{"family":"Willatzen","given":"Morten"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xunjia"},{"family":"Li","given":"Longyi"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Xiongxin"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Jianwu"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Du","given":"Cuifeng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhong"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Laipan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-60418-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60418-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408249296","type":"article-journal","title":"Prediction of tumor spread through air spaces with an automatic segmentation deep learning model in peripheral stage I lung adenocarcinoma","abstract":"BACKGROUND: To evaluate the clinical applicability of deep learning (DL) models based on automatic segmentation in preoperatively predicting tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) in peripheral stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for lung tumors from January 2022 to December 2023. An external validation set was introduced to assess the model's generalizability. The study utilized conventional radiomic features and DL models for comparison. ROI segmentation was performed using the VNet architecture, and DL models were developed with transfer learning and optimization techniques. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of our models via calibration curves, decision curve analysis, and ROC curves. RESULTS: The DL model based on automatic segmentation achieved an AUC of 0.880 (95% CI 0.780-0.979), outperforming the conventional radiomics model with an AUC of 0.833 (95% CI 0.707-0.960). The DL model demonstrated superior performance in both internal validation and external testing cohorts. Calibration curves, decision curve analysis, and ROC curves confirmed the enhanced diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of the DL approach. CONCLUSION: The DL model based on automatic segmentation technology shows significant promise in preoperatively predicting STAS in peripheral stage I LUAD, surpassing traditional radiomics models in diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability. Clinical trial number The clinical trial was registered on April 22, 2024, with the registration number researchregistry10213 ( www.researchregistry.com ).","author":[{"family":"Liu","given":"Cong"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yufeng"},{"family":"Gong","given":"Ping"},{"family":"Xue","given":"Xiu"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Hongying"},{"family":"Qian","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xiaofeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s12931-025-03174-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-025-03174-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4416344512","type":"article-journal","title":"Coordination Mechanism Between Electric Vehicles and Air Conditioning Loads Based on Price Guidance","abstract":"Under China’s dual carbon goals, the surging summer demand for air conditioning (AC) has widen the power grid’s peak-to-valley difference, posing challenges to conventional supply-side solutions. To address this issue, effective demand-side coordination is essential. However, existing demand response schemes typically optimize single resources in isolation and overlook the dynamic evolution of user participation. This study proposes a price-guided coordination mechanism integrating vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and AC loads to establish a closed-loop value chain among the grid, aggregators, and users. A bi-level optimization framework is developed to balance the interests of these stakeholders. The model incorporates a V2G discharging willingness component that considers user psychology and battery degradation, as well as an AC response model reflecting thermal comfort. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed mechanism effectively mitigates peak loads and narrows the peak-to-valley difference while enhancing off-peak electricity consumption. It accommodates the spatiotemporal and user-type heterogeneity of response behaviors, yielding notable economic gains for all participants. This research validates a comprehensive strategy for improving grid flexibility, protecting stakeholder interests, and optimizing user engagement, offering both theoretical insight and practical guidance for diversified resource integration.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Dan"},{"family":"Zhong","given":"Danting"},{"family":"Li","given":"Lili"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en18225984","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225984","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4414348131","type":"article-journal","title":"Polycrystalline MAPbI 3 AC-bias direct x-ray detectors for 3D reconstruction","abstract":"Metal halide perovskites offer exceptional sensitivity for direct x-ray detection through direct current (DC) signals, but the DC bias-induced ion migration poses substantial challenges to their signal consistency and operational stability. In this work, we propose a capacitance signal-based imaging strategy that uses an alternating current (AC) bias to suppress ion migration and eliminate nonlinear responses. A quantitative correlation between capacitance changes and x-ray dose rate is established, enabling stable, high-resolution imaging. Using this method, we achieve three-dimensional internal structure reconstruction with a simple single-pixel detector. This approach overcomes intrinsic material limitations and enhances signal reliability, providing a promising pathway toward the commercialization of low-cost, high-performance perovskite-based x-ray imaging and computed tomography systems.","author":[{"family":"Zhu","given":"Ziyao"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Jun"},{"family":"Gao","given":"Sheng"},{"family":"He","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Wenjun"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Xiumin"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yunlong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1126/sciadv.adx8785","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adx8785","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411800662","type":"article-journal","title":"UAVs’ Flight Dynamics Is All You Need for Wind Speed and Direction Measurement in Air","abstract":"The aerial measurement of wind speed and direction is important for the development of the low-altitude economy, meteorology, climate research, and renewable energy systems. Existing UAV-based wind measurements, whether instrument-based or flight-dynamic-based, consistently exhibit bias and significant errors, limiting their reliability for precise wind estimation. This study introduces a machine learning (ML) approach to improve the accuracy of the wind speed and direction estimation using UAVs. The proposed method leverages data from sensors onboard UAV platforms, combined with advanced ML algorithms trained on ground-truth measurements obtained through high-resolution LiDAR systems. The experiments reveal that incorporating a 10 s smoothing window yields a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.39 m/s for the wind speed (horizontal) and an even lower bias (≤0.069 m/s) when using a 60 s smoothing window, representing a marked improvement over traditional techniques. These results are particularly promising at longer smoothing windows (>50 s), where the ML-based approach achieves superior accuracy compared to LiDAR measurements. The findings underscore the potential of integrating machine learning with UAV-based wind measurement systems to achieve higher precision and reliability in wind characterization.","author":[{"family":"Zhu","given":"Sihong"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Tonghui"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"H"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Yichao"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Dongxu"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Cao","given":"Junji"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/drones9070466","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/drones9070466","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410510543","type":"article-journal","title":"On the Possibility of Fluorescent Capture Immunoassays on a Contact Lens","abstract":"Blood samples and testing are routine in healthcare. Presently, there is a growing interest in using tear samples in place of blood. Tear samples can be obtained non-invasively and collection does not require the skills of a trained phlebotomist. Red blood cells and other cells are not present in tears, which avoids centrifugation. Importantly, basal tear samples contain most of the biomarkers present in blood. The difficulty is the small volume of basal tears, which is about 7 μL in each eye. Any contact with the eye results in additional reflex tears with a different chemical composition. The small tear samples are collected with capillary tubes and then sent out for amplified assays, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results are not available for several days or a week and, therefore, are less useful in an ophthalmology office. We propose the use of a contact lens that contains bound antibodies for fluorescence immunoassays. The lenses could be removed from the patient for point-of-care measurements at the bedside. To prove that this concept is possible, we performed a three-layer protein capture assay that mimics an immunoassay. For convenience, we used lysozyme (Lys), which spontaneously coats silicon hydrogel (SiHG) contact lenses (CL). Anti-lysozyme IgG was the second layer captured, with anti-lysozyme considered to be the target biomarker. The third layer was rhodamine or Alexa Fluor-labeled Ab against the IgG Fc region, considered to be the detection antibody. The multiple protein layers were stable and did not wash off the SiHG lenses. These results strongly suggest the contact lens can be used for capture immunoassays for a wide variety of biomarkers.","author":[{"family":"Sivashanmugan","given":"Kundan"},{"family":"Reece","given":"EA"},{"family":"Lakowicz","given":"Joseph"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/bios15050326","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15050326","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410597070","type":"article-journal","title":"Research on the Vibration Characteristics of Air Spring Suspension Seats Considering Friction Damping","abstract":"Good seat comfort can bring a pleasant experience to commercial vehicle drivers. Therefore, it is necessary to study the vibration characteristics of commercial vehicle seats. This study focuses on commercial vehicle seats with air spring suspension. The friction damping expression of the suspension system was derived. Comprehensive simulation and experimental investigations were conducted on the vertical vibration transmission characteristics of the seat. A multi-objective optimization framework was established by integrating the NSGA-II algorithm with a BP neural network. Specifically, a nonlinear mathematical model was developed using the GA-BP neural network algorithm, with four design parameters as optimization variables: air spring stiffness (K1), damper damping coefficient (C1), cushion equivalent stiffness (K2), and cushion equivalent damping coefficient (C2). The optimization objective was defined as minimizing the maximum seat transmissibility (TR) at the resonance frequency (f). Through the NSGA-II, Pareto optimal solutions were systematically explored, and an optimal parameter combination was identified to enhance the dynamic comfort of the commercial vehicle seat.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Li"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Changyin"},{"family":"Wan","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Huawei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/app15115817","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app15115817","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7163193247","type":"article-journal","title":"Direct solar energy charging of metal||air batteries enabled by photo-coupled electrodes","abstract":"Abstract The realization of solar-charging within rechargeable batteries has been a dream of several generations of scientists, marking a transformation in sustainable energy storage. The key challenge is that the photo-rechargeable electrodes need to simultaneously possess high photovoltaic efficiency and cycling stability. Herein, through dynamic reconfiguration of sp -hybridized carbon networks via direct photoexcitation, we present nitrogen-substituted graphdiyne as a metal-free photoelectrode for integrated solar-charging in rechargeable batteries. Nitrogen-substituted graphdiyne accelerates oxygen evolution reaction kinetics by the synergistic effect of improved intermediate adsorption and hole-mediated oxidation under light excitation. Nitrogen-substituted graphdiyne-based photo-coupled positive electrodes are applicable to multiple metal||air batteries (Zn||air, Li||O 2 , Mg||air, Fe||air, and Al||air), including a low charging voltage of 1.33 V and 96.9% energy efficiency in Zn||air batteries, along with stability over 230 cycles at 100 mA cm −2 . The Li||O 2 battery achieved an efficiency of 96.3%, while Mg||air, Fe||air, and Al||air systems exhibited reduced charging voltages. This research has pioneered a class of photoelectrodes whose active sites are directly and dynamically defined by light, opening avenues for high-efficiency solar-driven energy conversion and storage.","author":[{"family":"Fu","given":"Xinlong"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Changshui"},{"family":"He","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Ruiqiao"},{"family":"Chang","given":"Qian"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jingxiang"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yuliang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-026-73926-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73926-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410338537","type":"article-journal","title":"Adaptive high-resolution mapping of air pollution with a novel implicit 3D representation approach","abstract":"Mapping air pollution at high spatial resolution is essential for understanding, managing, and mitigating the adverse impacts of air pollution. Current air pollution monitoring approaches suffer from limited spatial coverage and resolution. Artificial intelligence holds great promise for tackling these challenges, yet its application in air pollution monitoring remains nascent, facing limited transferability regarding low-quality labeled and non-uniform spread data. Here, we introduce Height-Field Signed Distance Function (HF-SDF), an innovative 3D implicit representation, to reconstruct air pollution concentration maps from coarse, incomplete data, which achieves both extensive spatial coverage and fine-scale results with powerful transferability. HF-SDF learns a continuous and transferable mapping model that integrates an auto-decoder network with a geometric constraint, offering flexible resolution. The evaluation uses reanalysis data and satellite observations, reaching accuracy rates of 96% and 91%, respectively. HF-SDF reveals immense promise in advancing air pollution monitoring by offering insights into the spatial heterogeneity of pollution distributions.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Ting"},{"family":"Zheng","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Ruqi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41612-025-01044-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01044-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7126157788","type":"article-journal","title":"Additives for Aluminum‐Air Batteries: A Review","abstract":"The growing demand for efficient energy storage systems directs substantial research attention toward aluminum-air batteries, primarily due to their low cost and the abundant availability of aluminum. Among the various strategies aimed at enhancing their performance, the incorporation of electrolyte additives emerges as one of the most cost-effective and efficient approaches. Electrolyte additives, usually constituting approximately 1% of the total electrolyte composition, actively influence the physicochemical characteristics of both the electrolyte and the electrode-electrolyte interface, thereby contributing to marked enhancements in the overall performance of aluminum-air batteries. Despite their low concentrations, additives play a fundamental role in enhancing the efficiency and extending the service life of aluminum-air batteries by stabilizing the electrode-electrolyte interface and promoting favorable electrochemical performance. This review investigates the primary factors propelling the advancement of aluminum-air batteries by considering the diverse functions of electrolyte additives. The additives are classified into three categories: organic, inorganic, and hybrid. This comprehensive analysis aims to serve as a key resource for the informed selection and development of electrolyte additives, thereby fostering continued innovation in aluminum-air battery technologies.","author":[{"family":"Mahmoudi","given":"Hajar"},{"family":"Alam","given":"Asrar"},{"family":"Théato","given":"Patrick"},{"family":"Gaele","given":"Maria"},{"family":"Gargiulo","given":"Pasquale"},{"family":"Li","given":"HB"},{"family":"Palma","given":"Tonia"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smll.202514913","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202514913","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4411184853","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimization of CNN-LSTM Air Quality Prediction Based on the POA Algorithm","abstract":"Accurate prediction of Air Quality Index (AQI) is of significant importance for environmental governance. In this paper, the CNN-LSTM prediction model based on Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA) was proposed to study the air quality index (AQI) and its influencing factors in Changchun. The model initially employs LightGBM and SHAP methods for feature engineering, constructs feature and label data, and increases the data dimensionality. The Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA) is utilized to identify optimal performance parameters, ensuring the model achieves peak efficiency in parameter selection. The model evaluation showed that the mean absolute error was 4.2767, the root mean squared error is 6.7421, the coefficient of determination R-squared was 0.9871 and the explained variance score was 0.9877. The results of our study indicate the effectiveness of the POA-optimized CNN-LSTM prediction method in air quality forecasting. This model demonstrates the capacity to learn long-term dependencies and is well-suited for processing time series data.","author":[{"family":"Chang","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Hou","given":"Jieshu"},{"family":"Gong","given":"He"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Yu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su17125347","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125347","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4409730010","type":"article-journal","title":"Green Infrastructure for Urban Flooding: Knowledge Domains and Research Evolution (2015–2024)","abstract":"Urban flooding represents a critical socio-ecological challenge exacerbated by climate change and rapid urbanization, with green infrastructure (GI) emerging as a transformative approach to flood management. This study employs an innovative methodological framework integrating the Biblioshiny, CiteSpace, and Orange3 analytical tools to examine research trends and evolutions in GI for urban flooding from 2015 to 2024. The bibliometric analysis of 813 publications reveals a profound epistemological transition from technically oriented approaches toward integrated socio-ecological frameworks. The citation patterns demonstrate increasing scholarly attention on multifunctionality, climate resilience, and governance dimensions, with the United States and China emerging as dominant research hubs. The analysis identifies distinct thematic clusters reflecting the field’s intellectual progression from hydrological engineering paradigms toward systemic conceptualizations that recognize the complex interactions between technical, ecological, and social dimensions. Despite these advancements, persistent knowledge gaps remain regarding longitudinal performance evaluations, governance frameworks for maintenance, and scalar integration from site-specific interventions to watershed-level outcomes. These findings emphasize the need for methodological innovation addressing the temporal dimensions of GI performance and institutional arrangements for its implementation across diverse urban contexts, positioning GI as a critical component of sustainable urban water management amid increasing climatic uncertainty.","author":[{"family":"Kim","given":"Jin"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Jin"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Jin"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Jin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.3390/land14050921","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land14050921","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4413324251","type":"article-journal","title":"Direct observation of electrostatic charging in 3D printing","abstract":"The spontaneous electrification of surfaces and interfaces is a widespread phenomenon that produces unexpected effects in chemical reactivity and mass charge transfer, revealed in abundant literature over the past twenty years. The pervasive presence of electrostatic charges originates from many sources, including friction, mechanochemical reactions, phase change, flexoelectricity, and others. Since fused deposition modeling undergoes most well-known electrification mechanisms, it would be not surprising that 3D-printed objects display large amounts of charge. Here we uncover the hitherto unexplored realm of electrostatic charging in 3D printing, underscores the impact of printing parameters on charge generation in polymers. Substrates, printing speed, temperature, and printing direction each exert distinct impacts on charge buildup, depending upon the material used for printing. We also develop simple protocols employing common multimeters for charge monitoring, while substrates subjected to corona charging or triboelectrification demonstrate effective methods for charge control or mitigation. An original development is achieved by demonstrating the ability to print quasi-electrets, indicating a potential revolution in electret technology. The implications of these findings establish the groundwork for advancements in 3D printing technology and electrostatics, creating new scientific opportunities for a better understanding of matter.","author":[{"family":"Lorenzett","given":"Ezequiel"},{"family":"Campo","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Neto","given":"Milton"},{"family":"Burgo","given":"Thiago"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-025-61566-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61566-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W7131114918","type":"article-journal","title":"Heavy Metal Air Pollution: Human Health Effects and Nanomaterial Strategies for Monitoring and Remediation","abstract":"Heavy metal air pollution represents a critical global environmental and public health challenge due to its persistence, bioaccumulation, and diverse toxic effects. Lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic are among the most hazardous, disrupting biological systems through oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and interference with cellular signaling. These mechanisms drive the onset of acute and chronic diseases, damaging multiple organ systems and reducing overall health quality. The respiratory system is highly susceptible, as inhalation of fine and ultrafine particulates induces oxidative injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and progressive loss of lung function. Cardiovascular disorders such as endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and atherosclerosis arise from oxidative stress and calcium signaling disruption, while endocrine toxicity occurs when heavy metals displace essential elements, disturbing hormone synthesis and metabolic balance. Reproductive toxicity manifests through reduced fertility, impaired gametogenesis, and abnormal embryonic development, often mediated by epigenetic alterations. Neurological consequences include cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and neurodegenerative progression, driven by apoptosis, oxidative damage, and altered neurotransmission. Addressing these risks, recent advances in nanotechnology offer promising solutions for air quality management. Engineered nanomaterials including metal nanoparticles, carbon-based adsorbents, and metal organic frameworks demonstrate high efficiency in capturing and neutralizing airborne heavy metals. Nanostructured catalysts can transform toxic particulates into less harmful forms, while nanosensor platforms enable real-time monitoring at ultra-trace levels. This review synthesizes current evidence on the health impacts of heavy metal exposure, with particular emphasis on air pollution and emerging nanotechnology-based strategies for monitoring and remediation.","author":[{"family":"Fahim","given":"Yosri"},{"family":"Boughdady","given":"Haneen"},{"family":"Othman","given":"Walid"},{"family":"Mostafa","given":"Sondos"},{"family":"Helmi","given":"Lara"},{"family":"Elsayed","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Hamouda","given":"Omar"},{"family":"Gad","given":"Osama"},{"family":"Sallam","given":"Reem"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s12011-026-05019-3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-026-05019-3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406444929","type":"article-journal","title":"Tailless control of a four-winged flapping-wing micro air vehicle with wing twist modulation","abstract":"This paper describes the tailless control system design of a flapping-wing micro air vehicle in a four-winged configuration, which can provide high control authority to be stable and agile in flight conditions from hovering to maneuvering flights. The tailless control system consists of variable flapping frequency and wing twist modulation. The variable flapping frequency creates rolling moments through differential vertical force from flapping mechanisms that can be independently driven on the left and right sides. The wing twist modulation changes wing tension, resulting in vertical and horizontal force variations during one flap cycle and generating pitching and yaw moments. We presume that the wing geometry and implementation method of wing-root actuation are related to the control authority of wing twist modulation. Then, the control system's performance is analyzed for various wing geometries and implementation methods, including wing length, leading-edge thickness, camber angle, and vein configuration. Furthermore, the cross-coupling effect is examined for the wing twist modulation, and a control surface interconnect is designed to compensate for the decrease of pitch control authority and adverse rolling moment. The refined wing and control mechanism demonstrated its high control authority without significant loss of vertical force and power efficiency. The flight experiments validated that the control system based on wing twist modulation is suitable for four-winged flapping-wing micro air vehicles, providing sufficient control moment and minimizing the cross-coupling effect.","author":[{"family":"Park","given":"Heetae"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Seungkeun"},{"family":"Suk","given":"Jinyoung"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1748-3190/adab52","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/adab52","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406465951","type":"article-journal","title":"Direct Methane to Methanol Conversion: An Overview of Non‐Syn Gas Catalytic Strategies","abstract":"Direct methane to methanol conversion is a dream reaction in industrial chemistry, which takes inspiration from the biological methanol production catalysed by methane monooxygenase enzymes (MMOs). Over the years, extensive studies have been conducted on this topic by bioengineering the MMOs, and tailoring methods to isolate the MMOs in the active form. Similarly, remarkable achievements have been noted in other methane activation strategies such as the use of heterogeneous catalysts or molecular catalysts. In this review, we outline the methane metabolism performed by methanotrophs and detail the latest advancements in the active site structures and catalytic mechanisms of both types of MMOs. Also, recent progress in the bioinspired approaches using various heterogeneous catalysts, especially first-row transition metal zeolites and the mechanistic insights are discussed. In addition, studies using molecular complexes such as \"Periana catalyst\" for methane to methanol conversion through methyl ester formation in the presence of strong acids are also detailed. Compared to the progress noted in the metal zeolites-mediated methane activation field, the utilisation of molecular catalysts or MMOs for this application is still in its nascent phase and further research is required to overcome the limitations of these methods effectively.","author":[{"family":"Rajeev","given":"Anjana"},{"family":"Mohammed","given":"Thasnim"},{"family":"George","given":"Akhila"},{"family":"Sankaralingam","given":"Muniyandi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1002/tcr.202400186","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.202400186","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408099279","type":"article-journal","title":"Direct observation of cholesterol monohydrate crystallization","abstract":"Cholesterol crystallization is integral to the pathology of diseases such as atherosclerosis and gallstones, yet the relevant mechanisms of crystal growth have remained elusive. Here, we use a variety of in situ techniques to examine cholesterol monohydrate crystallization over multiple length scales. In this study, we first identified a biomimetic solvent to generate triclinic monohydrate crystals, while avoiding the formation of nonphysiological solvates and enabling crystallization at rates where the dynamics of surface growth could be captured in real time. Using a binary mixture of water and isopropanol, with the latter serving as a surrogate for lipids in physiological environments, we show that cholesterol monohydrate crystals grow classically by the nucleation and spreading of crystal layers. Time-resolved imaging confirms that layers are generated by dislocations and monomers incorporate into advancing steps after diffusion along the crystal surface and not directly from the solution. In situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and microfluidics measurements concertedly reveal abundant macrosteps, which engender a self-inhibition mechanism that reduces the rate of crystal growth. This finding stands in contrast to numerous other systems, in which classical mechanisms lead to unhindered growth by spreading of single layers.","author":[{"family":"Chakraborty","given":"Dipayan"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Wenchuan"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xiqu"},{"family":"Chu","given":"Z"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Taimin"},{"family":"Warzecha","given":"Monika"},{"family":"Vekilov","given":"Peter"},{"family":"Rimer","given":"Jeffrey"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1073/pnas.2415719122","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2415719122","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4410796078","type":"article-journal","title":"Association between exposure to air pollutants and cardiovascular mortality in Iran: a case-crossover study","abstract":"This space-time-stratified case-crossover study examined the association between short-term exposure to satellite-derived air pollutants and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in eight Iranian cities from 2018 to 2022. Using quasi-Poisson regression and distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM), we estimated the effects of air pollutant exposure on cumulative lags (0–6, 0–14, 0–21, and 0–28 days) before mortality. The simultaneous effects of multiple air pollutants on CVD were also examined. This association was adjusted for potential confounders, including meteorological factors. Finally, we conducted a stratified analysis based on gender, age, and season to evaluate possible effect modification in the study. During the study period, 115,193 CVD deaths were reported across eight large cities in Iran. In single-pollutant models, CO, PM 2.5 , and O 3 showed the strongest significant associations with CVD mortality during the cumulative lag of 0–28 days, while no significant association was observed for O 3 . In the two-pollutant models, the association between CVD mortality and NO 2 was weakened when PM 2.5 was added, whereas the associations with CO and O 3 slightly strengthened. Adding CO to the model containing NO 2 led to a significant reduction in the association with CO, while the association with NO 2 remained unchanged. Similar patterns to the single-pollutant models were observed for the combination of NO 2 and O 3 , as well as CO and O 3 . The association with PM 2.5 remained unchanged in all two-pollutant models, preserving its lag structure and statistical significance. The findings indicate that estimates varied based on gender, age groups, and season. Men, individuals aged 40 or older, and winter seasons showed higher sensitivity to pollutants. Our findings highlight the importance of investigating the health-related multidimensional impact of air pollutants, particularly in more polluted developing countries like Iran. The results should warn national policy makers to set guided resource allocations for environmental health monitoring, and support the implementation of targeted interventions to reduce its impact on public health. Meanwhile, future research should explore the effectiveness of pollution mitigation strategies and investigate the long-term health impacts of sustained air pollutants.","author":[{"family":"Dashtaki","given":"Nadia"},{"family":"Fararouei","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Mirahmadizadeh","given":"Alireza"},{"family":"Hoseini","given":"Mohammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-025-04126-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04126-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4408173144","type":"article-journal","title":"Direct numerical simulation of soot break-through in turbulent non-premixed flames","abstract":"Soot break-through, or “leakage”, is the transport of soot particles into fuel-lean regions leading to smoke emissions even when the global equivalence ratio is below unity. Under turbulent conditions, this phenomenon is affected by small-scale mixing, and a better understanding of the non-linear interactions between soot and gas-phase is crucial to improving the prediction of the existing reduced-order model in case of soot break-through. To this end, three Direct Numerical Simulations (DNSs) of temporally evolving turbulent non-premixed jet flames have been performed to study the later stages of soot evolution in turbulent flames. Various degrees of soot break-through are obtained by enforcing three different levels of flame extinction by rescaling the geometry and flow conditions, resulting in a variation in Damköhler number, while the Reynolds number remains constant. The simulations employ a detailed chemical mechanism for the gas phase chemistry and a moment method for modeling the soot number density function evolution. Both soot evolution and turbulence-chemistry-soot interaction are discussed in mixture fraction space and along Lagrangian trajectories in physical space. The results reveal that soot break-through is strongly correlated with both high mixture fraction dissipation rates and strong soot transport in mixture fraction space. Due to the higher mixture fraction dissipation rate, the lowest Damköhler number case exhibits more significant extinction, allowing significant soot break-through. Additionally, soot particles in the lean regions are shown to be smaller than those inside the flame due to the smaller residence times in the fuel-rich growth regions, with a significant probability of leaked soot particles at incipient size. From the Lagrangian statistics, the ratio of the mixture fraction diffusion rate and soot oxidation rate constant is shown to be a suitable parameter to identify soot break-through events. Overall, soot break-through is found to be dominated by local flame extinctions and, while a fast drift of soot toward lean regions is required for such phenomena, an accurate prediction of local extinctions is also necessary to capture soot break-through occurrences. Novelty and Significance This study presents new insights into turbulent sooting flames through a novel dataset, obtained using direct numerical simulations (DNSs), to investigate the later stages of soot evolution, including incomplete oxidation phenomena leading to smoking behavior. In contrast to existing DNS datasets which have primarily focused only on the early stages of soot formation and growth, the dataset presented and analyzed in this study provides key new data on soot oxidation and break-through in turbulent non-premixed flames. As modeling turbulence-chemistry-soot interactions is still an open research question in the combustion community, this dataset contributes to advancing the current understanding of the underlying physics governing soot evolution in turbulent flames.","author":[{"family":"Scialabba","given":"Gandolfo"},{"family":"Davidovic","given":"Marco"},{"family":"Attili","given":"Antonio"},{"family":"Pitsch","given":"Heinz"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2025.114093","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2025.114093","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406787656","type":"article-journal","title":"“Leaky Weirs” capture alluvial deposition and enhance seasonal mountain-front recharge in dryland streams","abstract":"Abstract “Leaky weirs” are rock structures installed in dryland streams, which are anchored into exposed bedrock, loosely cemented, and designed to allow water to slowly pass through. They are being tested at a ranch in southeastern Arizona, USA, to restore and conserve the historic range and desert wetlands. Data are collected to assess how leaky weirs impact surface water, subsurface water, and groundwater recharge—including stream discharge, timing, and depth of infiltration, and groundwater elevations. Three adjacent watersheds, two with outlets just below leaky weirs and one with leaky weirs farther upstream, were instrumented with water-level loggers, wildlife cameras, and crest stage instruments with temperature sensors in the soil. As most groundwater recharge is assumed to be focused along the mountain fronts in this region, mountain-block recharge is also evaluated to differentiate between the two using isotope analyses. Finally, a single, late-season flood event is scrutinized to consider the leaky weir effect on all monitored components in the water budget. Results indicated groundwater flow is primarily from the mountains to the east via older, regional mountain-block recharge. However, the development of shallow alluvial aquifers is supported by the leaky weirs, that slow flows, capture permeable sediments, and allow infiltration, thus enhancing mountain-front recharge. In turn, these new pockets of water help support the restoration of historic wetlands. Sediment accumulates where leaky weirs are installed, reducing flashy peak flows, and resulting in a series of infiltration ponds along the channel that support vegetation during growing seasons and recharge the shallow aquifer during non-growing seasons.","author":[{"family":"Norman","given":"Laura"},{"family":"Uhlman","given":"Kristine"},{"family":"Coy","given":"Hanna"},{"family":"Wilson","given":"Natalie"},{"family":"Bennett","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Gray","given":"Floyd"},{"family":"Ehrenberg","given":"Kurt"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s13201-025-02371-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-025-02371-y","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4406934605","type":"article-journal","title":"A Vanadium Redox Flow Process for Carbon Capture and Energy Storage","abstract":"Climate change mitigation by decreasing worldwide CO 2 emissions is an urgent and demanding challenge that requires innovative technical solutions. This work, inspired by vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB), introduces an integrated electrochemical process for carbon capture and energy storage. It utilizes established vanadium and ferricyanide redox couples for pH modulation for CO 2 desorption and absorbent regeneration. The developed process consumes electricity during the daytime─when renewable electricity is available─to desorb CO 2 and charge the cell, and it can regenerate the absorbent for further CO 2 absorption while releasing electricity to the grid during nighttime when solar power is unavailable. This research explores the process fundamentals and scalability potential, through an extensive study of the system’s thermodynamics, transport phenomena, kinetics, and bench-scale operations. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was utilized to study the thermodynamics of the process, mapping the redox profiles to identify ideal potential windows for operation. The CV results indicated that an overpotential of approximately 0.3 V was required for driving redox reactions. Additionally, polarization studies were conducted to select the practical operating potential, identifying 0.5 V as optimal for the CO 2 desorption cycle to provide sufficient polarity to overcome activation barriers in addition to the Nernstian potential. Mass transfer analysis balanced conductivity and desorption efficiency, with a 1:1 ratio identified as optimal for redox-active species and background electrolyte concentration. To further enhance the kinetics of the redox reactions, plasma treatment of electrode surfaces was implemented, resulting in a 43% decrease in charge transfer resistance, as measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis. Finally, a bench-scale operation of the system demonstrated an energy consumption of 54 kJ/mol CO 2, which is competitive with other electrochemical carbon capture technologies. Besides its energy competitiveness, the process offers multiple additional advantages, including the elimination of precious metal electrodes, oxygen insensitivity in flue gas, scalability inspired by VRFB technology, and the unique ability to function as a battery during the absorbent regeneration process, enabling efficient day-night operation.","author":[{"family":"Afshari","given":"Mohsen"},{"family":"Refaie","given":"Abdelrahman"},{"family":"Aleta","given":"Prince"},{"family":"Hassan","given":"Ahmad"},{"family":"Rahimi","given":"Mohammad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsestengg.4c00631","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.4c00631","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4403103147","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Capture and Storage Via Electrochemical and Bioelectrochemical Techniques: A Review","abstract":"The urgent need to mitigate climate change has spurred innovative research in carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. Electrochemical approaches utilize electrocatalysis and electrochemical reduction to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial emissions, demonstrating high selectivity and enabling the production of valuable chemicals and fuels from captured CO2. Bioelectrochemical techniques leverage microorganisms to convert CO2 into biomass or biofuels, enhancing carbon capture efficiency through biological and electrochemical synergy. Integrating bioelectrochemical systems with renewable energy sources provides a carbon-negative pathway, aiding industry decarbonization. This review underscores the transformative potential of these techniques in revolutionizing CCS strategies, emphasizing their role in addressing climate change while fostering a sustainable, circular economy.","author":[{"family":"Mathew","given":"John"},{"family":"Inobeme","given":"Abel"},{"family":"Azeh","given":"Yakubu"},{"family":"Monday","given":"Musah"},{"family":"Abdulkadir","given":"Abdullahi"},{"family":"Shaba","given":"Elijah"},{"family":"Etsuyankpa","given":"MB"},{"family":"Musa","given":"Tanko"},{"family":"Muhammad","given":"Aishetu"},{"family":"Ismail","given":"Haruna"},{"family":"Kanwa","given":"Abubakar"},{"family":"Mamman","given":"Amos"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.4314/cajost.v6i2.3","URL":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajost.v6i2.3","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402970627","type":"article-journal","title":"Innovative approaches, challenges, and future directions for utilizing carbon dioxide in sustainable concrete production","abstract":"Cement concrete presents a significant opportunity for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capture, utilization, and storage through carbonation treatment. This process involves carbonating binders, industrial waste materials, and recycled aggregate concrete , which can subsequently be integrated into fresh concrete mixtures. This review focuses on the current research landscape regarding the use of CO 2 in producing low-carbon and sustainable concrete, emphasizing developments over the past decade (2014–2024). The paper begins by outlining the properties of CO 2 and exploring its potential applications within the concrete industry. It then summarizes and compares the various carbonation methods applied to cement concrete and classifies the different approaches to CO 2 utilization in concrete production. Additionally, the review examines the carbonation mechanisms of binders and the development of low-carbon concrete, aiming to enhance the understanding of how carbonized components affect the performance of cement-based materials. Finally, the review explores typical commercialized technologies for CO 2 utilization in producing low-carbon concrete. The discussions and findings presented are anticipated to provide valuable insights into the application of CO 2 in the concrete industry, thereby facilitating the production of low-carbon and sustainable concrete.","author":[{"family":"Lu","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Qu","given":"Fulin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Yipu"},{"family":"Luo","given":"Zhiyu"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Lei"},{"family":"Li","given":"Wengui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jobe.2024.110904","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.110904","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4323664698","type":"article-journal","title":"Evolution of CCUS Technologies Using LDA Topic Model and Derwent Patent Data","abstract":"Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is considered an effective way to reduce greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), which is significant for achieving carbon neutrality. Based on Derwent patent data, this paper explored the technology topics in CCUS patents by using the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic model to analyze technology’s hot topics and content evolution. Furthermore, the logistic model was used to fit the patent volume of the key CCUS technologies and predict the maturity and development trends of the key CCUS technologies to provide a reference for the future development of CCUS technology. We found that CCUS technology patents are gradually transforming to the application level, with increases in emerging fields, such as computer science. The main R&D institutes in the United States, Europe, Japan, Korea, and other countries are enterprises, while in China they are universities and research institutes. Hydride production, biological carbon sequestration, dynamic monitoring, geological utilization, geological storage, and CO2 mineralization are the six key technologies of CCUS. In addition, technologies such as hydride production, biological carbon sequestration, and dynamic monitoring have good development prospects, such as CCUS being coupled with hydrogen production to regenerate synthetic methane and CCUS being coupled with biomass to build a dynamic monitoring and safety system.","author":[{"family":"Huang","given":"Liangchao"},{"family":"Hou","given":"Zhengmeng"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Yanli"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jianhua"},{"family":"Shi","given":"Tianle"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en16062556","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en16062556","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4385295057","type":"article-journal","title":"Accelerating the energy transition towards photovoltaic and wind in China","abstract":"Abstract China’s goal to achieve carbon (C) neutrality by 2060 requires scaling up photovoltaic (PV) and wind power from 1 to 10–15 PWh year −1 (refs. 1–5 ). Following the historical rates of renewable installation 1 , a recent high-resolution energy-system model 6 and forecasts based on China’s 14th Five-year Energy Development (CFED) 7 , however, only indicate that the capacity will reach 5–9.5 PWh year −1 by 2060. Here we show that, by individually optimizing the deployment of 3,844 new utility-scale PV and wind power plants coordinated with ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission and energy storage and accounting for power-load flexibility and learning dynamics, the capacity of PV and wind power can be increased from 9 PWh year −1 (corresponding to the CFED path) to 15 PWh year −1 , accompanied by a reduction in the average abatement cost from US$97 to US$6 per tonne of carbon dioxide (tCO 2 ). To achieve this, annualized investment in PV and wind power should ramp up from US$77 billion in 2020 (current level) to US$127 billion in the 2020s and further to US$426 billion year −1 in the 2050s. The large-scale deployment of PV and wind power increases income for residents in the poorest regions as co-benefits. Our results highlight the importance of upgrading power systems by building energy storage, expanding transmission capacity and adjusting power load at the demand side to reduce the economic cost of deploying PV and wind power to achieve carbon neutrality in China.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Yijing"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Rong"},{"family":"Tanaka","given":"Katsumasa"},{"family":"Ciais","given":"Philippe"},{"family":"Peñuelas","given":"Josep"},{"family":"Balkanski","given":"Yves"},{"family":"Sardans","given":"Jordi"},{"family":"Hauglustaine","given":"Didier"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Wang"},{"family":"Xing","given":"Xiaofan"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jiarong"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Siqing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41586-023-06180-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06180-8","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4383892466","type":"article-journal","title":"Key uncertainties behind global projections of direct air capture deployment","abstract":"To limit global warming to levels set in the Paris Agreement, integrated assessment modeling highlights the necessity of removing gigatons of carbon dioxide. Direct air capture is one of the potential methods for carbon dioxide removal and has gained significant attention despite being a relatively new technology. While some scenarios can meet Paris targets without relying on direct air capture, other models show the need for up to 38 gigatons/yr of removal by this technology. Such wide variation in projections reflects uncertainty over the feasibility of deploying direct air capture at scale and points the need for greater attention to the model assumptions driving this variation. This study provides a comprehensive review of scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Sixth Assessment Report and peer-reviewed studies focusing on direct air capture as a mitigation strategy. The review identifies several key factors contributing to uncertainty in direct air capture projections, including prolonged fossil fuel use, diversity of carbon removal methods, future socio-economic conditions, intergenerational assumptions, deployment limitations, and technology costs. The study recommends conducting multi-model assessments of direct air capture scenarios due to the influence of various assumptions and model structures on projections. The authors also suggest including different variants of direct air capture technology and both carbon utilization and storage pathways in future models, as these factors can impact system demands, economic efficiency, and public acceptability.","author":[{"family":"Motlaghzadeh","given":"Kasra"},{"family":"Schweizer","given":"Vanessa"},{"family":"Craik","given":"Neil"},{"family":"Morenocruz","given":"Juan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121485","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121485","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4393156773","type":"article-journal","title":"Long-term sediment organic carbon remineralization in different seagrass and macroalgae habitats: implication for blue carbon storage","abstract":"Seagrass and macroalgae beds are key blue carbon ecosystems in the ocean. However, coastal development and climate change are sparking a growing concern about the vulnerability of sediment organic carbon (OC) to remineralization after macrophyte perturbation. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the potential of long-term remineralization of sediment OC stocks (1 year) in coastal vegetated habitats (i.e., seagrasses Zostera noltei and Cymodocea nodosa, macroalgae Caulerpa prolifera and unvegetated sediment) after complete disturbance of macrophyte meadows under conducive conditions to microorganisms growth (i.e., oxygen saturated, non-nutrient limitation, turbulence and dark). Leached dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from particulate organic carbon (POC) remineralization, carbonate dissolution and photo-reactivity of long-term persistent DOC were also evaluated. Our results evidenced that, sediment OC from Z. noltei and unvegetated habitats were entirely remineralized to CO2. However, sediment OC from C. nodosa and C. prolifera communities exhibited a significant fraction of recalcitrant OC, and therefore, a 42 and 46% of the sediment OC still remained after 1 year of culture, respectively. POC remineralization released relevant amounts of both labile and recalcitrant DOC, which showed low photo-reactivity. Finally, we discuss that the main argument to promote management, monitoring, and restoration programs for macrophytes is usually based on their sediment OC deposit, which favor larger species. The study presented here adds arguments to also include small macrophyte species, since their sediment OC may be highly labile and entirely remineralized to CO2 once these habitats are disturbed.","author":[{"family":"Yamuzamagdaleno","given":"Alba"},{"family":"Jiménezramos","given":"Rocío"},{"family":"Casalporras","given":"Isabel"},{"family":"Brun","given":"Fernando"},{"family":"Egea","given":"Luis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1370768","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1370768","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4399939403","type":"article-journal","title":"Progress in reaction mechanisms and catalyst development of carbon dioxide methanation","abstract":"The overuse of fossil fuels has created a dual challenge for humanity, namely energy and environmental concerns. Excessive carbon emissions have resulted in a range of global climate issues. It’s of great practical significance to capture the excessive carbon dioxide emissions and convert them into high value-added chemicals or fuels. Methane is an important carrier for chemical bond energy storage due to its high mass calorific value. Carbon dioxide methanation is a promising process for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. This review introduces recent research progress on carbon dioxide methanation using thermal catalytic, bioconversion, photocatalytic, and electrocatalytic technologies. A dual-function integrated design integrating carbon dioxide capture and methanation is proposed, which not only realizes on-site capture and utilization, but also improves the manufacturability and economic benefits of the entire process.","author":[{"family":"Han","given":"Liang"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"CY"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Rui"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Biao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Mingyue"},{"family":"Mo","given":"Runwei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.jcou.2024.102845","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2024.102845","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4389335603","type":"article-journal","title":"Reversible CO 2 Capture and On-Demand Release by an Acidity-Matched Organic Photoswitch","abstract":"Separation of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from point sources or directly from the atmosphere can contribute crucially to climate change mitigation plans in the coming decades. A fundamental practical limitation for the current strategies is the considerable energy cost required to regenerate the sorbent and release the captured CO 2 for storage or utilization. A directly photochemically driven system that demonstrates efficient passive capture and on-demand CO 2 release triggered by sunlight as the sole external stimulus would provide an attractive alternative. However, little is known about the thermodynamic requirements for such a process or mechanisms for modulating the stability of CO 2 -derived dissolved species by using photoinduced metastable states. Here, we show that an organic photoswitchable molecule of precisely tuned effective acidity can repeatedly capture and release a near-stoichiometric quantity of CO 2 according to dark–light cycles. The CO 2 -derived species rests as a solvent-separated ion pair, and key aspects of its excited-state dynamics that regulate the photorelease efficiency are characterized by transient absorption spectroscopy. The thermodynamic and kinetic concepts established herein will serve as guiding principles for the development of viable solar-powered negative emission technologies.","author":[{"family":"Alfaraidi","given":"Abdulrahman"},{"family":"Kudisch","given":"Bryan"},{"family":"Ni","given":"Nina"},{"family":"Thomas","given":"Jayden"},{"family":"George","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Rajabimoghadam","given":"Khashayar"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Haihui"},{"family":"Nocera","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Aziz","given":"Michael"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Richard"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1021/jacs.3c08471","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c08471","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4313550714","type":"article-journal","title":"Green Synthesis of Carbon Nanoparticles (CNPs) from Biomass for Biomedical Applications","abstract":"In this review, we summarize recent work on the \"green synthesis\" of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) and their application with a focus on biomedical applications. Recent developments in the green synthesis of carbon nanoparticles, from renewable precursors and their application for environmental, energy-storage and medicinal applications are discussed. CNPs, especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene, have demonstrated utility as high-density energy storage media, environmental remediation materials and in biomedical applications. Conventional fabrication of CNPs can entail the use of toxic catalysts; therefore, we discuss low-toxicity manufacturing as well as sustainable and environmentally friendly methodology with a focus on utilizing readily available biomass as the precursor for generating CNPs.","author":[{"family":"Qasim","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Clarkson","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Hinkley","given":"Simon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ijms24021023","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021023","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4381597406","type":"article-journal","title":"Highly-Controlled Soft-Templating Synthesis of Hollow ZIF-8 Nanospheres for Selective CO 2 Separation and Storage","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Global warming is an ever-rising environmental concern, and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is among its major causes. Different technologies, including adsorption, cryogenic separation, and sequestration, have been developed for CO 2 separation and storage/utilization. Among these, carbon capture using nano-adsorbents has the advantages of excellent CO 2 separation and storage performance as well as superior heat- and mass-transfer characteristics due to their large surface area and pore volume. In this work, an environmentally friendly, facile, bottom-up synthesis of ZIF-8 hollow nanospheres (with reduced chemical consumption) was developed for selective CO 2 separation and storage. During this soft-templating synthesis, a combined effect of ultra-sonication and low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis showed better control over an oil-in-water microemulsion formation and the subsequent growth of large-surface-area hollow ZIF-8 nanospheres having excellent particle size distribution. Systematic studies on the synthesis parameters were also performed to achieve fine-tuning of the ZIF-8 crystallinity, hollow structures, and sphere size. The optimized hollow ZIF-8 nanosphere sample having uniform size distribution exhibited remarkable CO 2 adsorption capability (∼2.24 mmol g –1 at 0 °C and 1.75 bar), a CO 2 /N 2 separation selectivity of 12.15, a good CO 2 storage capacity (1.5–1.75 wt %), and an excellent cyclic adsorption/desorption performance (up to four CO 2 adsorption/desorption cycles) at 25 °C. In addition, the samples showed exceptional structural stability with only ∼15% of overall weight loss up to 600 °C under a nitrogen environment. Therefore, the hollow ZIF-8 nanospheres as well as their highly controlled soft-templating synthesis method reported in this work are useful in the course of the development of nanomaterials with optimized properties for future CO 2 capture technologies.","author":[{"family":"Butt","given":"Fraz"},{"family":"Lewis","given":"Allana"},{"family":"Rea","given":"Riccardo"},{"family":"Mazlan","given":"Nurul"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Ting"},{"family":"Radacsi","given":"Norbert"},{"family":"Mangano","given":"Enzo"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Xianfeng"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Yaohao"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Shuiqing"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Yi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsami.3c06502","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c06502","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4385557559","type":"article-journal","title":"CO2 storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs: A review","abstract":"Geological storage of CO2 in depleted oil and gas reservoirs is approved due to its advantages, such as strong storage capacity, good sealing performance, and complete infrastructure. This review clarified the existing projects, advantages, significances, influencing factors, mechanisms, and storage potential evaluation procedures of CO2 storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs. In this review, the storage capability of depleted oil and gas reservoirs has been confirmed, and factors affecting the CO2 storage potential, including geological factors and engineering factors, are concluded. CO2 trapping mechanisms of different storage processes in depleted oil and gas reservoirs are elaborated and divided into three stages. The evaluation stages of CO2 storage potential of depleted oil and gas reservoirs are summarized as basin selection evaluation stage, oil and gas reservoir selection evaluation stage, storage security evaluation using the bowtie method, and storage capacity calculation stage. The calculation accuracy of CO2 storage capacity in depleted oil and gas reservoirs can be optimized by determining the mineralization storage volume and the actual reservoir characteristics of the dissolution storage coefficient numerically. This work intends to provide support for the storage of CO2 by analyzing and studying the geological theory and engineering achievements of CO2 storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs. Document Type: Invited review Cited as: Wei, B., Wang, B., Li, X., Aishan, M., Ju, Y. CO2 storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs: A review. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2023, 9(2): 76-93. https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2023.08.02","author":[{"family":"Wei","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Bowen"},{"family":"Li","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Aishan","given":"Mayila"},{"family":"Ju","given":"Yiwen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.46690/ager.2023.08.02","URL":"https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2023.08.02","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4384831707","type":"article-journal","title":"Techno-economic assessment of energy storage systems in multi-energy microgrids utilizing decomposition methodology","abstract":"Renewable resources and energy storage systems integrated into microgrids are crucial in attaining sustainable energy consumption and energy cost savings. This study conducts an in-depth analysis of diverse storage systems within multi-energy microgrids, including natural gas and electricity subsystems, with a comprehensive focus on techno-economic considerations. To achieve this objective, a methodology is developed, comprising an optimization model that facilitates the determination of optimal storage system locations within microgrids. The model considers various factors, such as operating and emission costs of both gas and electricity subsystems, and incorporates a sensitivity analysis to calculate the investment and maintenance costs associated with the storage systems. Due to the incorporation of voltage and current relations in the electricity subsystem as well as gas pressure and flow considerations in the natural gas subsystem, the developed model is classified as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model. To address the inherent complexity in solving, a decomposition approach based on Outer Approximation/Equality Relaxation/Augmented Penalty is developed. This study offers scientific insights into the costs of energy storage systems, potential operational cost savings, and technical considerations of microgrid operation. The results of the developed decomposition approach demonstrate significant advantages, including reduced solving time and a decreased number of iterations.","author":[{"family":"Shahbazbegian","given":"Vahid"},{"family":"Dehghani","given":"Farnam"},{"family":"Shafiyi","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Shafiekhah","given":"Miadreza"},{"family":"Laaksonen","given":"Hannu"},{"family":"Ameli","given":"Hossein"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.energy.2023.128430","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.128430","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4383617308","type":"article-journal","title":"A national assessment of urban forest carbon storage and sequestration in Canada","abstract":"Abstract During a time of rapid urban growth and development, it is becoming ever more important to monitor the carbon fluxes of our cities. Unlike Canada’s commercially managed forests that have a long history of inventory and modelling tools, there is both a lack of coordinated data and considerable uncertainty on assessment procedures for urban forest carbon. Nonetheless, independent studies have been carried out across Canada. To improve upon Canada’s federal government reporting on carbon storage and sequestration by urban forests, this study builds on existing data to develop an updated assessment of carbon storage and sequestration for Canada’s urban forests. Using canopy cover estimates derived from ortho-imagery and satellite imagery ranging from 2008 to 2012 and field-based urban forest inventory and assessment data from 16 Canadian cities and one US city, this study found that Canadian urban forests store approximately 27,297.8 kt C (− 37%, + 45%) in above and belowground biomass and sequester approximately 1497.7 kt C year −1 (− 26%, + 28%). In comparison with the previous national assessment of urban forest carbon, this study suggested that in urban areas carbon storage has been overestimated and carbon sequestration has been underestimated. Maximizing urban forest carbon sinks will contribute to Canada’s mitigation efforts and, while being a smaller carbon sink compared to commercial forests, will also provide important ecosystem services and co-benefits to approximately 83% of Canadian people.","author":[{"family":"Steenberg","given":"James"},{"family":"Ristow","given":"Melissa"},{"family":"Duinker","given":"Peter"},{"family":"Lapointe-Elmrabti","given":"Lyna"},{"family":"Macdonald","given":"JD"},{"family":"Nowak","given":"David"},{"family":"Pasher","given":"Jon"},{"family":"Flemming","given":"Corey"},{"family":"Samson","given":"Cameron"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s13021-023-00230-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-023-00230-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4317034821","type":"article-journal","title":"Electric vehicle batteries alone could satisfy short-term grid storage demand by as early as 2030","abstract":"The energy transition will require a rapid deployment of renewable energy (RE) and electric vehicles (EVs) where other transit modes are unavailable. EV batteries could complement RE generation by providing short-term grid services. However, estimating the market opportunity requires an understanding of many socio-technical parameters and constraints. We quantify the global EV battery capacity available for grid storage using an integrated model incorporating future EV battery deployment, battery degradation, and market participation. We include both in-use and end-of-vehicle-life use phases and find a technical capacity of 32-62 terawatt-hours by 2050. Low participation rates of 12%-43% are needed to provide short-term grid storage demand globally. Participation rates fall below 10% if half of EV batteries at end-of-vehicle-life are used as stationary storage. Short-term grid storage demand could be met as early as 2030 across most regions. Our estimates are generally conservative and offer a lower bound of future opportunities.","author":[{"family":"Xu","given":"Chengjian"},{"family":"Behrens","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Gasper","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Kandler"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Mingming"},{"family":"Tukker","given":"Arnold"},{"family":"Steubing","given":"Bernhard"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-022-35393-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-35393-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4382063114","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Dioxide Utilization Using Chlorella Microalgae","abstract":"The problem of the excessive CO2 emitted into the atmosphere is one of the significant problems for the modern world and ecology. This article examines the dynamics of carbon dioxide absorption from thermal power plants, TPP, and waste gases by three types of microalgae, the most typical for the Russian Federation: Chlorella kessleri, Chlorella vulgaris, and Chlorella sorokiniana. The exhaust gases of the TPP contain up to 39% carbon dioxide. In this work, the rate of absorption of carbon dioxide from model exhaust gases with a CO2 content of up to 39% was studied. As a result of the study, a species of microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) was identified, characterized by the maximum rate of absorption of CO2 = 0.412 g/L·day and the maximum volume of CO2 utilized in 1 day = 8.125 L. The conducted research proved the possibility of utilizing a large content (up to 39%) of carbon dioxide from the exhaust gases of the TPP with the help of microalgae of the genus Chlorella. A scheme for the utilization of CO2 with the help of microalgae is also proposed, which meets the principles of a circular economy (closed cycle).","author":[{"family":"Politaeva","given":"Natalia"},{"family":"Ilin","given":"Igor"},{"family":"Velmozhina","given":"Ksenia"},{"family":"Shinkevich","given":"Polina"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.3390/environments10070109","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/environments10070109","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4400988436","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Advances on Carbon‐Based Metal‐Free Electrocatalysts for Energy and Chemical Conversions","abstract":"Abstract Over the last decade, carbon‐based metal‐free electrocatalysts (C‐MFECs) have become important in electrocatalysis. This field is started thanks to the initial discovery that nitrogen atom doped carbon can function as a metal‐free electrode in alkaline fuel cells. A wide variety of metal‐free carbon nanomaterials, including 0D carbon dots, 1D carbon nanotubes, 2D graphene, and 3D porous carbons, has demonstrated high electrocatalytic performance across a variety of applications. These include clean energy generation and storage, green chemistry, and environmental remediation. The wide applicability of C‐MFECs is facilitated by effective synthetic approaches, e.g., heteroatom doping, and physical/chemical modification. These methods enable the creation of catalysts with electrocatalytic properties useful for sustainable energy transformation and storage (e.g., fuel cells, Zn‐air batteries, Li‐O2 batteries, dye‐sensitized solar cells), green chemical production (e.g., H2O2, NH3, and urea), and environmental remediation (e.g., wastewater treatment, and CO2 conversion). Furthermore, significant advances in the theoretical study of C‐MFECs via advanced computational modeling and machine learning techniques have been achieved, revealing the charge transfer mechanism for rational design and development of highly efficient catalysts. This review offers a timely overview of recent progress in the development of C‐MFECs, addressing material syntheses, theoretical advances, potential applications, challenges and future directions.","author":[{"family":"Zhai","given":"Qingfeng"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Hetaishan"},{"family":"Lawson","given":"Tom"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Zhenhai"},{"family":"Giusto","given":"Paolo"},{"family":"Antonietti","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Jaroniec","given":"Mietek"},{"family":"Chhowalla","given":"Manish"},{"family":"Baek","given":"Jong‐beom"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yun"},{"family":"Qiao","given":"Shi‐zhang"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Liming"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.202405664","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202405664","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4320730266","type":"article-journal","title":"Coupling nitrate capture with ammonia production through bifunctional redox-electrodes","abstract":"Abstract Nitrate is a ubiquitous aqueous pollutant from agricultural and industrial activities. At the same time, conversion of nitrate to ammonia provides an attractive solution for the coupled environmental and energy challenge underlying the nitrogen cycle, by valorizing a pollutant to a carbon-free energy carrier and essential chemical feedstock. Mass transport limitations are a key obstacle to the efficient conversion of nitrate to ammonia from water streams, due to the dilute concentration of nitrate. Here, we develop bifunctional electrodes that couple a nitrate-selective redox-electrosorbent (polyaniline) with an electrocatalyst (cobalt oxide) for nitrate to ammonium conversion. We demonstrate the synergistic reactive separation of nitrate through solely electrochemical control. Electrochemically-reversible nitrate uptake greater than 70 mg/g can be achieved, with electronic structure calculations and spectroscopic measurements providing insight into the underlying role of hydrogen bonding for nitrate selectivity. Using agricultural tile drainage water containing dilute nitrate (0.27 mM), we demonstrate that the bifunctional electrode can achieve a 8-fold up-concentration of nitrate, a 24-fold enhancement of ammonium production rate (108.1 ug h−1 cm−2), and a >10-fold enhancement in energy efficiency when compared to direct electrocatalysis in the dilute stream. Our study provides a generalized strategy for a fully electrified reaction-separation pathway for modular nitrate remediation and ammonia production.","author":[{"family":"Kim","given":"Kwiyong"},{"family":"Zagalskaya","given":"Alexandra"},{"family":"Ng","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Hong","given":"Jaeyoung"},{"family":"Alexandrov","given":"Vitaly"},{"family":"Pham","given":"Tuan"},{"family":"Su","given":"Xiao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-023-36318-1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36318-1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4381251898","type":"article-journal","title":"Mathematical Optimization of Carbon Storage and Transport Problem for Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage Chain","abstract":"The greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions has forced the shipping industry to actively reduce the amount of CO2 emissions emitted directly into the atmosphere over the past few years. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is one of the main technological methods for reducing the amount of CO2 emissions emitted directly into the atmosphere. CO2 transport, i.e., shipping CO2 to permanent or temporary storage sites, is a critical intermediate step in the CCUS chain. This study formulates a mixed-integer programming model for a carbon storage and transport problem in the CCUS chain to optimally determine ship allocation, ship departure scheduling, and CO2 storage and transport. Taking advantage of the structure of the problem, we transform the mixed-integer programming model into a simpler model that can be computed efficiently. To evaluate the performance of the simpler model, numerous computational experiments are conducted. The results show that all small-scale instances (each with 10 power plants) and medium-scale instances (each with 30 power plants) can be solved optimality by Gurobi within 14.33 s. For large-scale instances with 60 and 65 power plants, feasible solutions with average gap values of 0.06% and 6.93% can be obtained by Gurobi within one hour, which indicates that the proposed methodology can be efficiently applied to practical problems. In addition, important parameters, including the unit fuel price, the time-charter cost, and the ship sailing speed, are examined in sensitivity analyses to investigate the impacts of these factors on operations decisions. In summary, a lower fuel price, a lower charter cost, or a higher ship sailing speed can increase the profit of the CCUS chain.","author":[{"family":"Wu","given":"Yiwei"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Hongyu"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Shuaian"},{"family":"Zhen","given":"Lu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.3390/math11122765","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/math11122765","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4365449538","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable aviation fuels – Options for negative emissions and high carbon efficiency","abstract":"Mitigating the climate impact from aviation remains one of the tougher challenges in adapting society to fulfill stated climate targets. Long-range aviation cannot be electrified for the foreseeable future and the effects of combusting fuel at high altitude increase the climate impact compared to emissions of green-house gasses only, which further limits the range of sustainable fuel alternatives. We investigate seven different pathways for producing aviation biofuels coupled with either bio-energy carbon capture and storage (BECCS), or bio-energy carbon capture and utilization (BECCU). Both options allow for increased efficiency regarding utilization of feedstock carbon. Our analysis uses process-level carbon- and energy balances, with carbon efficiency, climate impact and levelized cost of production (LCOP) as primary performance indicators. The results show that CCS can achieve a negative carbon footprint for four out of the seven pathways, at a lower cost of GHG reduction than the base process option. Conversely, as a consequence of the electricity-intensive CO2 upgrading process, the CCU option shows less encouraging results with higher production costs, carbon footprints and costs of GHG reduction. Overall, pathways with large amounts of vented CO2, e.g., gasification of black liquor or bark, as well as fermentation of forest residues, reach a low GHG reduction cost for the CCS option. These are also pathways with a larger feedstock and corresponding production potential. Our results enable a differentiated comparison of the suitability of various alternatives for BECCS or BECCU in combination with aviation biofuel production. By quantifying the relative strengths and weaknesses of BECCS and BECCU and by highlighting cost, climate and carbon-efficient pathways, these results can be a source of support for both policymakers and the industry.","author":[{"family":"Ahlström","given":"Johan"},{"family":"Jafri","given":"Yawer"},{"family":"Wetterlund","given":"Elisabeth"},{"family":"Furusjö","given":"Erik"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2023.103886","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2023.103886","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4391847998","type":"article-journal","title":"Gas storage in geological formations: A comparative review on carbon dioxide and hydrogen storage","abstract":"Carbon dioxide and hydrogen storage in geological formations at Gt scale are two promising strategies toward net-zero carbon emissions. To date, investigations into underground hydrogen storage (UHS) remain relatively limited in comparison to the more established knowledge body of underground carbon dioxide storage (UCS). Despite their analogous physical processes can be used for accelerating the advancements in UHS technology, the existing distinctions possibly may hinder direct applicability. This review therefore contributes to advancing our fundamental understanding on the key differences between UCS and UHS through multi-scale comparisons. These comparisons encompass key factors influencing underground gas storage, including storage media, trapping mechanisms, and respective fluid properties, geochemical and biochemical reactions, and injection scenarios. They provide guidance for the conversion of our existing knowledge from UCS to UHS, emphasizing the necessity of incorporating these factors relevant to their trapping and loss mechanisms. The article also outlines future directions to address the crucial knowledge gaps identified, aiming to enhance the utilisation of geological formations for hydrogen and carbon dioxide storage.","author":[{"family":"Zhong","given":"Haiyi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhongzheng"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yihuai"},{"family":"Suo","given":"Si"},{"family":"Hong","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Lizhong"},{"family":"Gan","given":"Yixiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2024.100720","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtsust.2024.100720","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4377823451","type":"article-journal","title":"An investigation into the public acceptance in China of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology","abstract":"Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is one of the main technologies that can achieve fossil energy emission reduction, so the realization of the dual-carbon goal may require the promotion of CCS technology. For any country in the world, public support is one of the prerequisites for the commercial development of CCS technology. In order to identify the current acceptance of CCS technology in China, this paper conducts a questionnaire survey on the Internet from September to December 2021, recovering 302 valid questionnaires, as well as statistical analysis and hypothesis verification. We utilize the structural equation to quantify the impact of public awareness, benefit perception, risk perception, public trust, climate change awareness, and environmental awareness on CCS acceptance. We found the following facts: (i) In terms of cognition, 58% of the respondents have heard of CCS, and 10% know it better. (ii) As for acceptance, the total number of respondents who basically agreed, agreed and strongly agreed was 53%. (iii) Climate change awareness, public awareness, public trust, and interest perception have a significant positive impact on the degree of acceptance. Risk perception has a significant negative impact on acceptance. Public trust can adjust the relationship between interest and risk perception and acceptance. Public awareness affects the acceptance of CCS with interest and risk perception as intermediary variable. (iv) Lack of risk disclosure and research on CCS projects may lead to blind acceptance by the public. Given this, this study proposes that the government and researchers should strengthen their exploration of the benefits and risks of CCS to identify its advantages and disadvantages as a relatively new emission reduction technology, so as to provide support to the achievement of China’s carbon neutrality goal.","author":[{"family":"Xie","given":"Jingjing"},{"family":"Xian","given":"Yujiao"},{"family":"Jia","given":"Guowei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s11027-023-10065-6","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-023-10065-6","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4403708831","type":"article-journal","title":"Investigating proton shuttling and electrochemical mechanisms of amines in integrated CO2 capture and utilization","abstract":"Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies present a promising solution for converting CO2 emissions into valuable products. Here we show how amines, such as monoethanolamine (MEA) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), influence the electrochemical CO2 reduction process in an integrated CCU system. Using in situ spectroscopic techniques, we identify the key roles of carbamate bond strength, proton shuttling, and amine structure in dictating reaction pathways on copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) electrodes. Our findings demonstrate that on Cu electrodes, surface blockage by ammonium species impedes CO₂ reduction, whereas on Pb electrodes, proton shuttling enhances the production of hydrocarbon products. This study provides additional insights into optimizing CCU systems by tailoring the choice of amines and electrode materials, advancing the selective conversion of CO₂ into valuable chemicals. Integrated carbon capture and utilization (CCU) systems offer a sustainable approach to converting CO₂ emissions into valuable chemicals. Here, the authors report the choice of amine and electrode materials significantly impact the efficiency and selectivity of CO2 reduction in CCU processes.","author":[{"family":"Bruggeman","given":"Didjay"},{"family":"Rothenberg","given":"Gadi"},{"family":"Garcia","given":"Amanda"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-024-53543-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53543-4","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4353069566","type":"article-journal","title":"Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Agronomy and Utilization: A Review","abstract":"Currently, there are increased interests in growing grain and fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as well as in large-scale hemp products. Cannabis has been grown/utilized for thousands of years as a fiber, grain, and drug/medicinal plant. However, the strict control of cannabis cultivation to combat illegal use, the spread of new yarns and oilseeds, and the advent of cheap synthetic fibers caused a decreased/eliminated hemp production. Hemp has been banned in most of the world for more than seven decades; it missed out on the Green Revolution and the adoption of new technologies and varieties, creating a knowledge gap. After the 2014 and 2018 Farm Bill in the USA, hemp became legal and the land grand universities launched research programs. The ability to utilize the entire plant for multiple purposes creates opportunity for the market to value hemp products. Hemp production technology varies depending on the type of hemp cultivated (grain, fiber, or cannabinoids), soil characteristics, and environmental factors. Hemp has the potential to be a very sustainable and ecologically benign crop. Hemp roots have a significant potential for absorbing and storing heavy metals such as lead, nickel, cadmium, and other harmful substances. In addition, hemp has been proven to be an excellent carbon trap and biofuel crop. Hemp has the ability to successfully suppress weeds, and it is generally regarded a pesticide-free crop. The purpose of this paper is to examine historic and recent industrial hemp (grain and fiber) literature, with a focus on hemp agronomy and utilization.","author":[{"family":"Visković","given":"Jelena"},{"family":"Zheljazkov","given":"Valtcho"},{"family":"Sikora","given":"Vladimir"},{"family":"Noller","given":"Jay"},{"family":"Latković","given":"Dragana"},{"family":"Ocamb","given":"Cynthia"},{"family":"Koren","given":"Anamarija"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.3390/agronomy13030931","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030931","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4380881107","type":"article-journal","title":"Biomass‐derived N‐doped Carbon for Electrochemical Supercapacitors","abstract":"The electrochemical supercapacitor is considered a next-generation energy storage device to meet energy requirements because of its higher power density compared with the conventional capacitor and Li-ion batteries. Biomass-derived nitrogen-doped carbon materials have gained significant attention for their application in supercapacitors as prospective electrode materials due to their widespread availability, low cost, environmentally friendliness, renewable character, large surface-to-volume ratios, high electrical conductivity, good surface wettability, and extra pseudocapacitance behavior. In addition to those, varieties of nitrogen-doped carbon materials with different sizes and dimensions, morphologies, and nanostructures have been produced by various methods using biomass as raw materials, giving new and potential opportunities for the development of supercapacitor electrode materials that are both robust and high-performing. Generally, the basic components or elements of biomass materials are carbon, N, S, and phosphorous. The presence of N in the biomass-derived carbon induces more electroactive sites for ion adsorption, ion transport, and redox reactions, increases electrical conductivity, tightens the binding forces between carbon and S, and improves the electrochemical catalytic reactions for energy storage in the supercapacitor. This chapter summarizes the recently reported biomass-derived nitrogen-doped carbon materials with different nanostructures using different synthetic methods and their applications in supercapacitors as electrode materials. In addition, it also describes the existing challenges and future perspectives of N-doped carbon materials based on their supercapacitance performance as electrode materials.","author":[{"family":"Shah","given":"Syed"},{"family":"Gul","given":"Eman"},{"family":"Nath","given":"Narayan"},{"family":"Du","given":"Guodong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1002/9781119866435.ch17","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119866435.ch17","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402751719","type":"article-journal","title":"Pairing Oxygen Reduction and Water Oxidation for Dual‐Pathway H 2 O 2 Production","abstract":"Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a crucial chemical applied in various industry sectors. However, the current industrial anthraquinone process for H 2 O 2 synthesis is carbon‐intensive. With sunlight and renewable electricity as energy inputs, photocatalysis and electrocatalysis have great potential for green H 2 O 2 production from oxygen (O 2 ) and water (H 2 O). Herein, we review the advances in pairing two‐electron O 2 reduction and two‐electron H 2 O oxidation reactions for dual‐pathway H 2 O 2 synthesis. The basic principles, paired redox reactions, and catalytic device configurations are introduced initially. Aligning with the energy input, the latest photocatalysts, electrocatalysts, and photo‐electrocatalysts for dual‐pathway H 2 O 2 production are discussed afterward. Finally, we outlook the research opportunities in the future. This minireview aims to provide insights and guidelines for the broad community who are interested in catalyst design and innovative technology for on‐site H 2 O 2 synthesis.","author":[{"family":"Sun","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Jindi"},{"family":"Zeng","given":"Xiangkang"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Lijun"},{"family":"Bie","given":"Chuanbiao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhuyuan"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Kaige"},{"family":"Sahu","given":"Aloka"},{"family":"Tebyetekerwa","given":"Mike"},{"family":"Rufford","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiwang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/anie.202414417","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202414417","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4401702248","type":"article-journal","title":"Electric Vehicle Adoption: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Technological, Environmental, Organizational and Policy Impacts","abstract":"This comprehensive systematic review explores the multifaceted impacts of electric vehicle (EV) adoption across technological, environmental, organizational, and policy dimensions. Drawing from 88 peer-reviewed articles, the study addresses a critical gap in the existing literature, which often isolates the impact of EV adoption without considering holistic effects. Technological advancements include innovations in the battery technology and energy storage systems, enhancing EV performance and mitigating range anxiety. The environmental analysis reveals substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, with lifecycle assessments showing significant reductions for EVs compared to internal combustion engine vehicles, particularly when charged with renewable energy sources. Key comparisons include lifecycle emissions between mid-size battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), and global average lifecycle emissions by powertrain under various policy scenarios. The organizational implications are evident, as businesses adopt new models for fleet management and logistics, leveraging EVs for operational efficiency and sustainability. Policy analysis underscores the crucial role of government incentives, regulatory measures, and infrastructure investments in accelerating EV adoption. The review identifies future research areas such as efficient battery recycling methods, the potential impact of EVs on grid stability, and long-term economic implications. This study offers insights for stakeholders aiming to foster sustainable transportation and achieve global climate goals.","author":[{"family":"Zaino","given":"Rami"},{"family":"Ahmed","given":"Vian"},{"family":"Alhammadi","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Alghoush","given":"Mohamad"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/wevj15080375","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15080375","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402783694","type":"article-journal","title":"Challenges and Solutions for Sustainable ICT: The Role of File Storage","abstract":"Digitalization has been increasingly recognized for its role in addressing numerous societal and environmental challenges. However, the rapid surge in data production and the widespread adoption of cloud computing has resulted in an explosion of redundant, obsolete, and trivial (ROT) data within organizations’ data estates. This issue adversely affects energy consumption and carbon footprint, leading to inefficiencies and a higher environmental impact. Thus, this opinion paper aims to discuss the challenges and potential solutions related to the environmental impact of file storage on the cloud, aiming to address the research gap in “digital sustainability” and the Green IT literature. The key findings reveal that technological issues dominate cloud computing and sustainability research. Key challenges in achieving sustainable practices include the widespread lack of awareness about the environmental impacts of digital activities, the complexity of implementing accurate carbon accounting systems compliant with existing regulatory frameworks, and the role of public–private partnerships in developing novel solutions in emerging areas such as 6G technology.","author":[{"family":"Mersico","given":"Luigi"},{"family":"Abroshan","given":"Hossein"},{"family":"Sanchez-Velazquez","given":"Erika"},{"family":"Saheer","given":"Lakshmi"},{"family":"Simandjuntak","given":"Sarinova"},{"family":"Dhar-Bhattacharjee","given":"Sunrita"},{"family":"Al-Haddad","given":"Ronak"},{"family":"Saeed","given":"Nagham"},{"family":"Saxena","given":"Anisha"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su16188043","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su16188043","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4387767134","type":"article-journal","title":"Smarter eco-cities and their leading-edge artificial intelligence of things solutions for environmental sustainability: A comprehensive systematic review","abstract":"The recent advancements made in the realms of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) have unveiled transformative prospects and opportunities to enhance and optimize the environmental performance and efficiency of smart cities. These strides have, in turn, impacted smart eco-cities, catalyzing ongoing improvements and driving solutions to address complex environmental challenges. This aligns with the visionary concept of smarter eco-cities, an emerging paradigm of urbanism characterized by the seamless integration of advanced technologies and environmental strategies. However, there remains a significant gap in thoroughly understanding this new paradigm and the intricate spectrum of its multifaceted underlying dimensions. To bridge this gap, this study provides a comprehensive systematic review of the burgeoning landscape of smarter eco-cities and their leading-edge AI and AIoT solutions for environmental sustainability. To ensure thoroughness, the study employs a unified evidence synthesis framework integrating aggregative, configurative, and narrative synthesis approaches. At the core of this study lie these subsequent research inquiries: What are the foundational underpinnings of emerging smarter eco-cities, and how do they intricately interrelate, particularly urbanism paradigms, environmental solutions, and data-driven technologies? What are the key drivers and enablers propelling the materialization of smarter eco-cities? What are the primary AI and AIoT solutions that can be harnessed in the development of smarter eco-cities? In what ways do AI and AIoT technologies contribute to fostering environmental sustainability practices, and what potential benefits and opportunities do they offer for smarter eco-cities? What challenges and barriers arise in the implementation of AI and AIoT solutions for the development of smarter eco-cities? The findings significantly deepen and broaden our understanding of both the significant potential of AI and AIoT technologies to enhance sustainable urban development practices, as well as the formidable nature of the challenges they pose. Beyond theoretical enrichment, these findings offer invaluable insights and new perspectives poised to empower policymakers, practitioners, and researchers to advance the integration of eco-urbanism and AI- and AIoT-driven urbanism. Through an insightful exploration of the contemporary urban landscape and the identification of successfully applied AI and AIoT solutions, stakeholders gain the necessary groundwork for making well-informed decisions, implementing effective strategies, and designing policies that prioritize environmental well-being.","author":[{"family":"Bibri","given":"Simon"},{"family":"Krogstie","given":"John"},{"family":"Kaboli","given":"Amin"},{"family":"Alahi","given":"Alexandre"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ese.2023.100330","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ese.2023.100330","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4393946335","type":"article-journal","title":"Engineering 2D Photocatalysts for Solar Hydrogen Peroxide Production","abstract":"Abstract Solar energy can be utilized in photocatalysis technology to realize light‐driven hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production, a green chemical synthesis route. Designing high‐performance photocatalysts is critical to achieving practical solar H 2 O 2 production. During the past decade, significant research progress is made in photocatalytic materials for H 2 O 2 production. Particularly 2D materials‐based photocatalysts stand out due to their unique physical and chemical properties. This review highlights the intricate relationship between 2D material innovation and photochemical H 2 O 2 production. It starts with the fundamental principles of photochemical H 2 O 2 generation, focusing on crucial steps such as photon absorption, carrier dynamics, surface reactions, and the challenges that 2D materials can solve at each step. Then, various 2D materials‐based photocatalysts for solar H 2 O 2 production are introduced in detail. Engineering strategies to optimize the photocatalytic performance are discussed afterward. Finally, the challenges and future opportunities for designing 2D materials‐based photocatalysts for solar H 2 O 2 production are outlined. This review is expected to inspire the engineering of 2D materials‐based photocatalysts for the green synthesis of H 2 O 2 and the conversion of solar energy to other chemicals.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Jindi"},{"family":"Zeng","given":"Xiangkang"},{"family":"Tebyetekerwa","given":"Mike"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Zhuyuan"},{"family":"Bie","given":"Chuanbiao"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Marriam","given":"Ifra"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiwang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/aenm.202400740","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202400740","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4391344408","type":"article-journal","title":"A review on the research progress and application of compressed hydrogen in the marine hydrogen fuel cell power system","abstract":"The urgency to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from maritime vessels has intensified due to the increasingly stringent directives set forth by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). These directives specifically address energy efficiency enhancements and emissions reduction within the shipping industry. In this context, hydrogen is the much sought after fuel for all the global economies and its applications, for transportation and propulsion in particular, is crucial for cutting down carbon emissions. Nevertheless, the realization of hydrogen-powered vessels is confronted by substantial technical hurdles that necessitate thorough examination. This study undertakes a comprehensive analysis encompassing diverse facets, including distinct variations of hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen internal combustion engines, safety protocols associated with energy storage, as well as the array of policies and commercialization endeavors undertaken globally for the advancement of hydrogen-propelled ships. By amalgamating insights from these multifaceted dimensions, this paper adeptly encapsulates the myriad challenges intrinsic to the evolution of hydrogen-fueled maritime vessels, while concurrently casting a forward-looking gaze on their prospective trajectory.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Jichao"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Heng"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Ke"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jiqiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25304","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25304","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4399209652","type":"article-journal","title":"A Strategy for Enhanced Carbon Storage: A Hybrid CO2 and Aqueous Formate Solution Injection to Control Buoyancy and Reduce Risk","abstract":"Conventional Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) operations use the direct injection of CO2 in a gaseous phase from the surface as a carbon carrier. Due to CO2 properties under reservoir conditions with lower density and viscosity than in situ brine, CO2 flux is mainly gravity-dominated. CO2 moves toward the top and accumulates below the top seal, thus reinforcing the risk of possible leakage to the surface through unexpected hydraulic paths (e.g., reactivated faults, fractures, and abandoned wells) or in sites without an effective sealing caprock. Considering the risks, the potential benefits of the interplay between CO2 and an aqueous solution of formate ions (HCOO¯) were evaluated when combined to control CO2 gravity segregation in porous media. Three combined strategies were evaluated and compared with those where either pure CO2 or a formate solution was injected. The first strategy consisted of a pre-flush of formate solution followed by continuous CO2 injection, and it was not effective in controlling the vertical propagation of the CO2 plume. However, the injection of a formate solution slug in a continuous or alternated way, simultaneously with the CO2 continuous injection, was effective in slowing down the vertical migration of the CO2 plume and keeping it permanently stationary deeper than the surface depth.","author":[{"family":"Machado","given":"Marcos"},{"family":"Delshad","given":"Mojdeh"},{"family":"Carrasco-Jaim","given":"Omar"},{"family":"Okuno","given":"Ryosuke"},{"family":"Sepehrnoori","given":"Kamy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en17112680","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17112680","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4401719592","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable negative emissions in Europe: evaluating scenarios to meet carbon neutrality by 2050","abstract":"Abstract Using the Pan-European TIMES-VTT model, we studied pathways for carbon neutrality by 2050 for 31 European countries by modelling a large portfolio of various terrestrial and technological carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies. Negative emission technologies and practices (NETPs) such as af-/reforestation, soil carbon sequestration, bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, direct air capture and storage, biochar, and enhanced weathering were considered. Three different storylines were created to describe the role of NETPs in varying future developments. The scenario storylines illustrate potential opportunities and constraints for large scale NETP implementation focusing on (1) optimistic technology development, (2) strict protection of planetary boundaries, and (3) increased self-sufficiency due to geopolitical risks associated with policy fragmentation. The results show that the demand for NETPs could be on a gigaton scale to reach carbon neutrality in Europe by 2050. As different countries have different opportunities to implement NETPs, none of the NETP options should be excluded from mitigation portfolios at this stage. The results also indicate the potential of NETPs in providing cost-effective solutions for achieving climate targets. On the other hand, stricter greenhouse gas emission reduction policies are needed to avoid over-reliance on CDR.","author":[{"family":"Markkanen","given":"Johanna"},{"family":"Koponen","given":"Kati"},{"family":"Lehtilä","given":"Antti"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad71e1","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad71e1","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4321169854","type":"article-journal","title":"Covalent Organic Framework‐Semiconductor‐Based Heterostructures for Photocatalytic Applications","abstract":"Abstract Photocatalysis is a promising and sustainable technology in the fields of energy conversion/storage and environment purification; however, the utilization of individual component as photocatalyst is generally restricted due to the low catalytic activity deriving from the rapid recombination of photogenerated electrons/holes. Covalent organic framework (COF)‐semiconductor‐based composite photocatalysts with synergistic effects provide a feasible route to achieve high‐performance photocatalytic reactions with more active sites, strong light utilization ability, and high stability. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the rational design and preparation of the COF‐semiconductors‐based heterostructures for photocatalytic water splitting, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction, and dye/pollutant degradation. In this Review, the synthetic strategies of COF‐semiconductor‐based heterostructures are first introduced, which includes the rational design of the morphology, connection modes, and type of heterojunctions. The performance of COF‐semiconductor‐based heterostructures in different photocatalytic reactions are comprehensively reviewed. The structure‐activity relationship and the synergistic effects within the heterostructures are discussed, and the photocatalytic mechanism and the role of COFs during the photocatalytic process are also presented. Finally, an outlook and challenges of realizing COF‐semiconductor‐based heterostructures with simple synthesis methods, diverse functions, high performance, and well‐defined reaction mechanisms are provided.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Kai"},{"family":"Cai","given":"Anqi"},{"family":"Li","given":"Tingting"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1002/cssc.202300021","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202300021","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402092857","type":"article-journal","title":"Large Porewater‐Derived Carbon Outwelling Across Mangrove Seascapes Revealed by Radium Isotopes","abstract":"Abstract Mangrove‐dominated coastlines have high carbon sequestration capacity, but it remains unclear whether tidally outwelled carbon is transformed within the coastal ocean or exported offshore. Here, we used radium isotopes ( 224 Ra and 223 Ra) to investigate carbon outwelling in two mangrove seascapes in Brazil across multiple spatial scales. We sampled porewaters to define the source composition, mangrove creek waters to resolve tidal cycles, and cross‐shelf transects to trace outwelling in coastal seascapes. Radium isotopes were positively correlated with dissolved inorganic (DIC), organic (DOC) and particulate organic (POC) carbon across the seascapes. DIC was the primary form of carbon (mean ± SD), representing 85% of the total carbon pool as bicarbonate (75 ± 11%), carbonate (6 ± 5%), and CO 2 (4 ± 9%). DOC and POC accounted for 10 ± 6% and 5 ± 6% of total carbon, respectively. Although mangrove waters emitted CO 2 to the atmosphere (38–143 mmol m −2 d −1 ), both bays and continental shelves were a CO 2 sink (−2.5 to −0.5 mmol m −2 d −1 ) associated to chlorophyll‐a enrichments ( r 2 = 0.86). Total carbon outwelled from mangroves were 3–4 times higher than soil carbon burial at both mangrove sites. Bicarbonate export (27–72 mmol m −2 d −1 ) to the continental shelf was the major fate of carbon outwelling, more than doubling the perceived capacity of mangrove soil to sequester carbon. Hence, disregarding outwelling as a blue carbon sink mechanism would lead to underestimated assessments of how mangroves capture CO 2 and help to mitigate climate change.","author":[{"family":"Cabral","given":"Alex"},{"family":"Reithmaier","given":"Gloria"},{"family":"Yau","given":"Yvonne"},{"family":"Cotovicz","given":"Luiz"},{"family":"Barreira","given":"João"},{"family":"Viana","given":"Bárbara"},{"family":"Hayden","given":"Juliana"},{"family":"Bouillon","given":"Steven"},{"family":"Brandini","given":"Nilva"},{"family":"Hatje","given":"Vanessa"},{"family":"Rezende","given":"Carlos"},{"family":"Fonseca","given":"Alessandra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1029/2024jc021319","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024jc021319","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4393199055","type":"article-journal","title":"CFD Analysis of a Latent Thermal Storage System (PCM) for Integration with an Air‐Water Heat Pump","abstract":"Heat pumps driven by sustainable electricity sources have been identified as a technology that can contribute to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Furthermore, a heat pump can also provide energy savings when combined with a thermal energy storage system. Heat pumps can optimize their efficiency by accumulating thermal energy during periods of lower electricity demand, resulting in shorter operational durations and decreased overall energy consumption. In this work, the combination of a latent heat storage system with an air‐water heat pump has been numerically analysed and experimentally tested. A phase change material (PCM) heat exchanger with an immersed plate was designed using a 3D CFD model (COMSOL Multiphysics®). The heat exchanger configuration with six steel plates immersed in the phase change material tank was proposed to enhance heat transfer in the storage system. The developed model is validated against experimental data from a real case study, demonstrating a maximum error of approximately 3% during the discharging phase. Additionally, the study explores the effects of different inlet heat transfer fluid temperatures and flow rates on the PCM solidification time.","author":[{"family":"Prima","given":"Piera"},{"family":"Santovito","given":"Michele"},{"family":"Papurello","given":"Davide"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1155/2024/6632582","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6632582","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4392013241","type":"article-journal","title":"PDOL-Based Solid Electrolyte Toward Practical Application: Opportunities and Challenges","abstract":"Polymer solid-state lithium batteries (SSLB) are regarded as a promising energy storage technology to meet growing demand due to their high energy density and safety. Ion conductivity, interface stability and battery assembly process are still the main challenges to hurdle the commercialization of SSLB. As the main component of SSLB, poly(1,3-dioxolane) (PDOL)-based solid polymer electrolytes polymerized in-situ are becoming a promising candidate solid electrolyte, for their high ion conductivity at room temperature, good battery electrochemical performances, and simple assembly process. This review analyzes opportunities and challenges of PDOL electrolytes toward practical application for polymer SSLB. The focuses include exploring the polymerization mechanism of DOL, the performance of PDOL composite electrolytes, and the application of PDOL. Furthermore, we provide a perspective on future research directions that need to be emphasized for commercialization of PDOL-based electrolytes in SSLB. The exploration of these schemes facilitates a comprehensive and profound understanding of PDOL-based polymer electrolyte and provides new research ideas to boost them toward practical application in solid-state batteries.","author":[{"family":"Yang","given":"Hua"},{"family":"Jing","given":"Mao‐xiang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Li"},{"family":"Xu","given":"Hong"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Xiaohong"},{"family":"He","given":"Xiangming"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40820-024-01354-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01354-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402641646","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable Heat Generation in Flow from a Molecular Solar Thermal Energy Storage System","abstract":"As the global deployment of renewable technologies accelerate, finding efficient ways to store energy will aid in responding to shifting energy demands. A prospective option not only in harvesting solar energy but also in emission‐free heating is MOlecular Solar Thermal (MOST) energy storage. A central part of MOST applications is to develop methods to release the stored energy. Herein, the Quadricyclane (QC)‐to‐Norbornadiene catalyzed back reaction is explored in a specially designed packed‐bed reactor. Four distinctly sized and purposely synthesized platinum on activated carbon catalysts are studied to trigger the heat release from the energy‐dense QC isomer. The catalysts are fully characterized using a variety of structural, surface, and spectroscopic techniques. Parameters to optimize catalytic conversion and heat release in flow conditions are explored including particle size and packing behavior, flow rates, and molecular residence times. Moreover, using CO pulse chemisorption technique, site time yield values and a turnover number are reported. Complementary to the flow reactions, computational fluid dynamic simulations applying lattice Boltzmann methods to two catalytic packed beds of different size ranges are done to evaluate fluid‐dynamic behavior within the reactor bed to ascertain the ideal particle size and packing density for catalysis in MOST applications.","author":[{"family":"Magson","given":"Lucien"},{"family":"Maggiolo","given":"Dario"},{"family":"Kalagasidis","given":"Angela"},{"family":"Henninger","given":"Stefan"},{"family":"Munz","given":"Gunther"},{"family":"Knäbbelerbuß","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Hölzel","given":"Helen"},{"family":"Mothpoulsen","given":"Kasper"},{"family":"Funesardoiz","given":"Ignacio"},{"family":"Sampedro","given":"Diego"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/aesr.202400230","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.202400230","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4389274138","type":"article-journal","title":"Multi-habitat carbon stock assessments to inform nature-based solutions for coastal seascapes in arid regions","abstract":"Coastal ecosystems are integral to global carbon cycling and are increasingly recognised for their role in mitigating climate change. Within these ecosystems, the dynamics of carbon storage are diverse, varying significantly across different habitats. However, existing management strategies often focus predominantly on vegetated habitats neglecting the contributions of non-vegetated areas. We address this knowledge gap by providing a quantitative spatial assessment of carbon storage across coastal seascapes varying in plant biomass. Our comprehensive multi-habitat inventory of carbon stocks in the United Arab Emirates confirmed that mangroves are the largest carbon-storing habitat per hectare (94.3 t/ha), followed by saltmarshes (63.6 t/ha), microbial mats (51.6 t/ha), mudflats (46.8 t/ha), seagrass (32.5 t/ha), and coastal sabkha (31.0 t/ha).Mean carbon content in the top 50 cm of mangrove soils (53.9 t/ha) was similar to saltmarshes (52.7 t/ha), microbial mats (51.6 t/ha), and mudflats (46.8 t/ha). We highlight the importance of including non-vegetated habitats in carbon accounting and management strategies. Our findings suggest that a more context-specific whole-system approach is essential for guiding effective ecosystem management and designing ecologically meaningful Nature-based Solutions (NbS). Adopting this broader perspective in NbS can ensure more comprehensive conservation and restoration outcomes, which not only protect and enhance blue carbon ecosystems but also contribute to broader ecological and social benefits. This approach is pivotal for advancing our understanding of interconnected coastal ecosystems and their role in climate change mitigation.","author":[{"family":"Carpenter","given":"Stephen"},{"family":"Evans","given":"Claire"},{"family":"Pittman","given":"Simon"},{"family":"Antonopoulou","given":"Marina"},{"family":"Bejarano","given":"Ivonne"},{"family":"Das","given":"Himansu"},{"family":"Møller","given":"Mona"},{"family":"Peel","given":"Kate"},{"family":"Samara","given":"Fatin"},{"family":"Stamoulis","given":"Kostantinos"},{"family":"Mateosmolina","given":"Daniel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmars.2023.1239904","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1239904","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4401658744","type":"article-journal","title":"Utilizing Deep Eutectic Solvent in Microemulsion for Eco‐Friendly Synthesis of Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticles and their Highly Sensitive Sensing of Antibiotics and Nitroaromatic Compounds","abstract":"Abstract Microemulsions (MEs) comprising of cholinium dodecylbenzene sulphonate Cho[DBS], a bio‐based ionic liquid surfactant as an emulsifier, hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (HDES) as nonpolar phase, and water as a polar component are constructed. Negative value of ∆G estimated from isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) plots indicate spontaneous aggregation of Cho[DBS] both in water and HDES. The aggregates of Cho[DBS] in HDES and water show the critical micellar concentration (cmc) of ≈4.26 and ≈2.4 mMm, respectively. Cho[DBS] shows a better emulsifying capacity with a high monophasic region in the ternary phase diagram. MEs are utilized as nanoreactors for the sustainable synthesis of nano‐sized fluorescent carbon nanoparticles (FCNPs) with precise control over size and morphology. FCNPs are characterized using PXRD, Raman, XPS, HR‐TEM, UV–vis, and Fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. FCNPs exhibited remarkable properties viz. adjustable luminescence, good solubility, and biocompatibility. FCNPs are applied for fluorometric sensing of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) and antibiotics through a quenching response originating from the inner filter effect, with a fast response nanomolar detection, and are found highly selective toward TNP (NAC), NFT, and NZF (antibiotics).","author":[{"family":"Mehra","given":"Sanjay"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Kuldeep"},{"family":"Kumar","given":"Arvind"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adsu.202400301","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202400301","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4387573650","type":"article-journal","title":"High Energy Density Aqueous Zinc–Chalcogen (S, Se, Te) Batteries: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspective","abstract":"Abstract Zinc‐ion batteries with chalcogen‐based (S, Se, Te) cathodes have emerged as a promising candidate for utility‐scale energy storage systems and portable electronics, which have attracted rapid attention and offer tremendous opportunities owing to their excellent energy density, on top of the advantages of aqueous Zn batteries including cost‐effectiveness, inherent safety, and eco‐friendliness. Here, a comprehensive overview on the basic mechanism of zinc–chalcogen batteries with their great advantages and intrinsic issues is provided. More detailed recent progress is summarized and the existing challenges with promising strategies are provided as well. First, four specific types of batteries are presented, including: zinc–sulfur, zinc–selenium, zinc–selenium sulfide, and zinc–tellurium batteries. Second, the remaining challenges within chalcogen‐based cathodes in the material preparation, physicochemical properties, and battery performance are summarized and discussed. Meanwhile, a series of constructive strategies are comprehensively put forward for optimizing electrochemical performance. Finally, the future research perspectives of zinc–chalcogen batteries are proposed for the exploration and innovation of next‐generation green zinc storage applications.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Xin"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Liyang"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Zewei"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Cancan"},{"family":"Han","given":"Chao"},{"family":"Li","given":"Weijie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1002/aenm.202302927","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202302927","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4399220730","type":"article-journal","title":"Accelerating the Low-Carbon Energy Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa through Floating Photovoltaic Solar Farms","abstract":"Climate change has become a global issue and is predicted to impact less-developed regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa, severely. Innovative, sustainable renewable energy systems are essential to mitigate climate change’s effects and unlock the region’s potential, especially with the increasing energy demands and population growth. The region relies heavily on fossil fuels, which calls for urgent action towards energy security and expansion. Hybrid floating solar photovoltaic-hydropower (FPV-HEP) technology has emerged as a cost-effective and transformative solution to accelerate the low-carbon energy transition in sub-Saharan Africa. The technology combines solar panels with existing hydropower infrastructure, ensuring energy security while reducing carbon emissions. This technology offers several benefits over conventional ground-mounted solar systems, including efficient land utilization, energy generation, and water conservation. However, its adoption remains challenging due to technical complexities and evolving regulatory frameworks. Despite these challenges, Nigerian energy professionals have preferred renewable alternatives, mainly distributed solar PV and FPV-HEP plants. This collective embrace of FPV and renewables reflects a growing understanding of their critical role in mitigating climate change through sustainable energy practices. This research aims to contribute to the existing body of knowledge and assist policymakers in making informed decisions on adopting this technology. It also stimulates further research on this topic, offering a new potential solution to the ever-increasing demand for green energy in the region to meet their sustainable development needs.","author":[{"family":"Ingo","given":"Tarelayefa"},{"family":"Gyoh","given":"Louis"},{"family":"Sheng","given":"Yong"},{"family":"Kaymak","given":"Mustafa"},{"family":"Şahin","given":"Ahmet"},{"family":"Pouran","given":"Hamid"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/atmos15060653","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15060653","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4372353139","type":"article-journal","title":"In situ emulsion polymerization of poly (vinyl acetate) and asparagus racemosus biopolymer composites for flexible energy storage applications","abstract":"Abstract Polymer composites reinforced with synthetic materials are losing acceptability due to significant environmental concerns and high costs. Natural fillers are becoming increasingly popular due to their non‐toxicity, lightweight, low energy consumption, and environmental friendliness. In the present work, poly (vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and asparagus racemosus (AR) bio‐composites have been prepared by an in‐situ emulsion polymerization method. The composite films were subsequently examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), optical microscope, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis. The formation of AR in PVAc composite was confirmed by the characteristic AR band at 3300 cm−1 in FT‐IR spectra. X‐ray diffraction studies showed a shift in the amorphous peak of PVAc/AR composites compared to pure PVAc. The AFM, FE‐SEM, and optical microscopic results revealed the uniform distribution of AR in the polymer matrix. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the glass transition temperature and thermal stability of PVAc increased with the inclusion of bio‐filler. The tensile strength, hardness, dielectric constant and AC conductivity of PVAc were observed to increases with boehmite inclusion, whereas elongation at break is reduced. As a result, environmentally friendly PVAc/AR composites with good mechanical, thermal and electrical properties could be a viable green substitute for energy storage, flexible electronic, and other electrochemical devices.","author":[{"family":"Ramesan","given":"MT"},{"family":"Sameela","given":"TP"},{"family":"Meera","given":"K"},{"family":"Bahuleyan","given":"Bijal"},{"family":"Verma","given":"Meenakshi"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1002/pc.27388","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27388","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4401715276","type":"article-journal","title":"The Reinforced Separation of Intractable Gas Mixtures by Using Porous Adsorbents","abstract":"Abstract This review focuses on the mechanism and driving force in the intractable gas separation using porous adsorbents. A variety of intractable mixtures have been discussed, including air separation, carbon capture, and hydrocarbon purification. Moreover, the separation systems are categorized according to distinctly biased modes depending on the minor differences in the kinetic diameter, dipole/quadruple moment, and polarizability of the adsorbates, or sorted by the varied separation occasions (e.g., CO 2 capture from flue gas or air) and driving forces (thermodynamic and kinetic separation, molecular sieving). Each section highlights the functionalization strategies for porous materials, like synthesis condition optimization and organic group modifications for porous carbon materials, cation exchange and heteroatom doping for zeolites, and metal node‐organic ligand adjustments for MOFs. These functionalization strategies are subsequently associated with enhanced adsorption performances (capacity, selectivity, structural/thermal stability, moisture resistance, etc.) toward the analog gas mixtures. Finally, this review also discusses future challenges and prospects for using porous materials in intractable gas separation. Therein, the combination of theoretical calculation with the synthesis condition and adsorption parameters optimization of porous adsorbents may have great potential, given its fast targeting of candidate adsorbents and deeper insights into the adsorption forces in the confined pores and cages.","author":[{"family":"Ke","given":"Quanli"},{"family":"Xiong","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Fang","given":"Guonan"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Jing"},{"family":"Niu","given":"Xiaopo"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Pengyun"},{"family":"Cui","given":"Guokai"},{"family":"Xing","given":"Huabin"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Hanfeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.202408416","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202408416","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4380880420","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review on the Use of Natural Gas Purification Processes to Enhance Natural Gas Utilization","abstract":"The necessity for the adoption of clean and sustainable energy sources that would result in the diversification of Nigeria's energy mix has arisen as a result of the significant area of concern surrounding climate change caused by CO2 emission. It's interesting to note that Natural Gas (NG), a readily accessible alternative energy source in Nigeria with a wealth of approximately 187 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of proven gas reserves, has remained a crucial part of the energy mix, providing adequate energy with high energy quality and low CO2 emission. However, natural gas naturally contains some acid gases and small amounts of CO2, which act as impurities. This has posed a limitation to its effective utilization due to the bottlenecks in pipeline and equipment corrosion during transportation, storage, distribution, etc. To tackle this challenge, numerous researches have been conducted on the purification of natural gas through available technologies, including the cryogenic, membranes, absorption, and adsorption methods. Additionally, the independent use of these technologies has consistently been proven to be less economical and financially demanding with longer purification time, leading to low product recovery and high energy intensity for regeneration in the NG purification processes, which leaves them uniquely challenged. In order to improve natural gas consumption, this study reviews technological techniques in the use of various natural gas purification procedures and hybrid natural gas purification processes. Membranes are used in the purification process for both the gas-absorption and bulk separation of gaseous pollutants. These strategies, created to strike a compromise between the shortcomings of membrane and absorption processes, demonstrated a better separation that contributed to long-term process improvement.","author":[{"family":"Wilson","given":"Ekpotu"},{"family":"Taiwo","given":"Akintola"},{"family":"Chineme","given":"Obialor"},{"family":"Temitope","given":"Abdulkareem"},{"family":"Chukwuka","given":"Ezeka"},{"family":"Olufemi","given":"Asama"},{"family":"Noah","given":"Ebuehi"},{"family":"Meyenum","given":"Iwube"},{"family":"Adesanya","given":"Zacchaeus"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.11648/j.ogce.20231101.13","URL":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20231101.13","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402808614","type":"article-journal","title":"Comprehensive case study on the technical feasibility of Green hydrogen production from photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems","abstract":"Abstract The growing demand for alternative energy sources to alleviate environmental impacts highlights the need to move from fossil fuels to renewable energy. This study demonstrated the technical feasibility of using a solar photovoltaic (PV) system for the production of green hydrogen. This research examined electrical and power data from a PV plant in Irecê, Bahia, using open data sources to provide insights into the production of green hydrogen from renewable sources. The system mainly depends on the use of a renewable source, PV solar energy, integrated with batteries, electrolyzers, and hydrogen tanks. Electrolyzer, battery, and hydrogen tank sizing analysis for optimal hydrogen production was effectively conducted using HOMER Energy software. The predicted system topology prioritizes a local DC network, optimizing efficiency for electrolyzers that have inherently low efficiency. The electrolyzer simulation involves initial Python‐based sizing and comprehensive sizing with HOMER Energy software, ensuring accuracy within a 10% discrepancy limit. This highlights the importance of analytical calculations and optimization software for sizing more complex systems.","author":[{"family":"Oliveira","given":"Gessica"},{"family":"Costa","given":"Tatiane"},{"family":"Mohamed","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Ilinca","given":"Adrian"},{"family":"Marinho","given":"Manoel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/ese3.1905","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1905","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4404611395","type":"article-journal","title":"Developing net-zero carbon supply chains in the European manufacturing industry – a multilevel perspective","abstract":"Purpose The European Union (EU) and European companies are striving for net-zero carbon targets by 2050 and are therefore focused on urgent decarbonization efforts. Manufacturing contributes to 20% of European carbon emissions, although the primary challenge lies in supply chain (SC) emissions, which highlights the field's need to transform. Amid the dissonance between public and private net-zero commitments and persistent carbon emissions, uncertainties surround the development of net-zero carbon supply chains (NZCSCs). This paper aims to address this lack of knowledge by presenting an exploration of the development of NZCSCs within the EU through 2050. Design/methodology/approach Using a real-time Delphi methodology and tool from durvey.org, this study involves a multiphase panel discussion process with 67 SC and sustainability experts. Twelve prospective theses for NZCSC development in the EU were formulated through desk research, interviews and an expert workshop. The panel assessed these theses in terms of impact, desirability and anticipated occurrence year and provided justification for their evaluations. Findings The study identifies three clusters that influence NZCSC development, comprising 68 implications that scholars, managers and policymakers should consider during this transition. Originality/value This study contributes to the available information regarding NZCSCs by offering insights from a multilevel perspective into the influences on NZCSC development in the EU's manufacturing sector.","author":[{"family":"Steiner","given":"Benedikt"},{"family":"Münch","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Beckmann","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Gracht","given":"Heiko"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1108/scm-06-2024-0372","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1108/scm-06-2024-0372","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4391320605","type":"article-journal","title":"Biomaterials technology and policies in the building sector: a review","abstract":"Abstract Traditional building materials have some drawbacks in the construction industry, particularly in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Biomaterials derived from renewable sources are a promising alternative, significantly reducing the greenhouse effect and enhancing energy efficiency. However, traditional materials still dominate the construction sector, and there is a lack of understanding among some policymakers and developers regarding biomaterials. Here, we review building biomaterials and their policies and life cycle assessment through case studies. Bio-based materials have the potential to reduce over 320,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions by 2050. They also exhibit advantages like decreasing water absorption by 40%, reducing energy consumption by 8.7%, enhancing acoustic absorption by 6.7%, and improving mechanical properties. We summarize recent advancements in mycelial materials, bioconcrete, natural fibers, and fiber-reinforced composites. We also explore the contributions of nanotechnology and microalgae technology in enhancing biomaterials' thermal insulation and eco-friendliness.","author":[{"family":"Chen","given":"Lin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yubing"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Zhonghao"},{"family":"Dong","given":"Yitong"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Yushan"},{"family":"Hua","given":"Jianmin"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yunfei"},{"family":"Osman","given":"Ahmed"},{"family":"Farghali","given":"Mohamed"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Lepeng"},{"family":"Rooney","given":"David"},{"family":"Yap","given":"Pow‐seng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s10311-023-01689-w","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01689-w","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4401581062","type":"article-journal","title":"The Promise of Carbon Nano‐Onions: Preparation, Characterization and Their Application in Electrochemical Sensing","abstract":"Abstract Carbon nano‐onions (CNOs) promise to improve the range of applications of carbon materials for electroanalytical applications. In this review, we explore the synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical applications of CNOs. CNO‐based sensors present impressive features, including low detection limits in the femtogram per milliliter range, a broad linear detection range spanning up to 7 orders of magnitude, exceptional selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. Synthetic methods and characterization techniques for CNOs were thoroughly examined, shedding light on their pivotal role in biosensing technologies. Comparative analyses with other carbon materials underscore CNOs′ competitive performance, either surpassing or matching many counterparts. Despite their relatively recent integration in biosensing applications, CNOs exhibit comparable or superior results concerning other carbon‐based materials. Indeed, the incorporation of CNOs into hybrid nanocomposites has shown promising outcomes, indicating a synergistic potential for future advancements in biosensing technologies. Our review provides a broad approach to the application of CNOs to the field, with emphasis on breakthroughs of the last 5 years.","author":[{"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Hector"},{"family":"Ojeda","given":"Janser"},{"family":"Corchovaldés","given":"Angel"},{"family":"Padronramirez","given":"Ivan"},{"family":"Cruz","given":"Marina"},{"family":"Iriartemesa","given":"Claudia"},{"family":"García","given":"Luis"},{"family":"Gobbo","given":"Pierangelo"},{"family":"Antuch","given":"Manuel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/anse.202400035","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anse.202400035","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4321086343","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon Dioxide Capture in the Iron and Steel Industry: Thermodynamic Analysis, Process Simulation, and Life Cycle Assessment","abstract":"The iron and steel sector is one of the dominant drivers behind economic and social progress, but it is also very energy-intensive and hard-to-abate, making it a major cause of global warming.Improving energy efficiency, introducing hydrogen for direct reduction, and utilising CCS technologies are the three most viable options for reducing CO 2 emissions from steel mills.This investigation deals with a life cycle comparison of three different carbon capture processes, the inventory data of which have been obtained using process simulation based on rigorous phase and chemical equilibrium equations.In-silico models for the absorption of carbon dioxide employing MDEA, membranes, or sodium hydroxide to produce sodium bicarbonate have been developed and compared from a life cycle viewpoint.The research findings showed a variable amount of CO 2 removal in the three cases, where membranes achieved the best performance (95 % CO 2 removal).Since NaOH absorption produces a valuable by-product (sodium bicarbonate, which is commonly produced by Solvay process), the other two technologies were modified to integrate the utilisation of CO 2 for the synthesis of sodium bicarbonate with NaOH rather than transporting and storing the carbon dioxide.As a result, this production pathway for sodium bicarbonate generates lower environmental burdens than traditional Solvay process.The environmental performances of the alternatives are nearly equal, even though the environmental impacts associated with capturing the CO 2 and subsequently reacting with NaOH are always slightly higher than those involved with reacting directly during absorption.Among the evaluated alternatives, the direct conversion to sodium bicarbonate appears to be the most promising approach for converting CO 2 emissions in the steel sector.","author":[{"family":"Mio","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Petrescu","given":"Letitia"},{"family":"Luca","given":"Alexandra"},{"family":"Galusnyak","given":"Ştefan"},{"family":"Fermeglia","given":"Maurizio"},{"family":"Cormoş","given":"Călin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.15255/cabeq.2022.2123","URL":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2022.2123","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4385387909","type":"article-journal","title":"The role of forests in the EU climate policy: are we on the right track?","abstract":"Abstract Background The European Union (EU) has committed to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. This requires a rapid reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and ensuring that any remaining emissions are balanced through CO2 removals. Forests play a crucial role in this plan: they are currently the main option for removing CO2 from the atmosphere and additionally, wood use can store carbon durably and help reduce fossil emissions. To stop and reverse the decline of the forest carbon sink, the EU has recently revised the regulation on land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), and set a target of − 310 Mt CO2e net removals for the LULUCF sector in 2030. Results In this study, we clarify the role of common concepts in forest management – net annual increment, harvest and mortality – in determining the forest sink. We then evaluate to what extent the forest sink is on track to meet the climate goals of the EU. For this assessment we use data from the latest national GHG inventories and a forest model (Carbon Budget Model). Our findings indicate that on the EU level, the recent decrease in increment and the increase in harvest and mortality are causing a rapid drop in the forest sink. Furthermore, continuing the past forest management practices is projected to further decrease the sink. Finally, we discuss options for enhancing the sinks through forest management while taking into account adaptation and resilience. Conclusions Our findings show that the EU forest sink is quickly developing away from the EU climate targets. Stopping and reversing this trend requires rapid implementation of climate-smart forest management, with improved and more timely monitoring of GHG fluxes. This enhancement is crucial for tracking progress towards the EU’s climate targets, where the role of forests has become – and is expected to remain – more prominent than ever before.","author":[{"family":"Korosuo","given":"Anu"},{"family":"Pilli","given":"Roberto"},{"family":"Viñas","given":"Raúl"},{"family":"Blujdea","given":"Viorel"},{"family":"Colditz","given":"René"},{"family":"Fiorese","given":"Giulia"},{"family":"Rossi","given":"Simone"},{"family":"Vizzarri","given":"Matteo"},{"family":"Grassi","given":"Giacomo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1186/s13021-023-00234-0","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-023-00234-0","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4400119435","type":"article-journal","title":"Predicted Future Changes in the Mean Seasonal Carbon Cycle Due to Climate Change","abstract":"Through photosynthesis, forests absorb annually large amounts of atmospheric CO2. However, they also release CO2 back through respiration. These two, opposite in sign, large fluxes determine how much of the carbon is stored or released back into the atmosphere. The mean seasonal cycle (MSC) is an interesting metric that associates phenology and carbon (C) partitioning/allocation analysis within forest stands. Here, we applied the 3D-CMCC-FEM model and analyzed its capability to represent the main C-fluxes, by validating the model against observed data, questioning if the sink/source mean seasonality is influenced under two scenarios of climate change, in five contrasting European forest sites. We found the model has, under current climate conditions, robust predictive abilities in estimating NEE. Model results also predict a consistent reduction in the forest’s capabilities to act as a C-sink under climate change and stand-aging at all sites. Such a reduction is predicted despite the number of annual days as a C-sink in evergreen forests increasing over the years, indicating a consistent downward trend. Similarly, deciduous forests, despite maintaining a relatively stable number of C-sink days throughout the year and over the century, show a reduction in their overall annual C-sink capacity. Overall, both types of forests at all sites show a consistent reduction in their future mitigating potential.","author":[{"family":"Morichetti","given":"Mauro"},{"family":"Vangi","given":"Elia"},{"family":"Collalti","given":"Alessio"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/f15071124","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15071124","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4386201364","type":"article-journal","title":"A Lotus Seedpods‐Inspired Interfacial Solar Steam Generator with Outstanding Salt Tolerance and Mechanical Properties for Efficient and Stable Seawater Desalination","abstract":"Abstract Interfacial solar steam generators (ISSGs) can capture solar energy and concentrate the heat at the gas–liquid interface, resulting in efficient water evaporation. However, traditional ISSGs have limitations in long‐term seawater desalination processes, such as limited light absorption area, slow water transport speed, severe surface salt accumulation, and weak mechanical performance. Inspired by lotus seedpods, a novel ISSG (rGO‐SA‐PSF) is developed by treating a 3D warp‐knitted spacer fabric with plasma (PSF) and combining it with sodium alginate (SA) and reduces graphene oxide (rGO). The rGO‐SA‐PSF utilizes a core‐suction effect to achieve rapid water pumping and employs aerogel to encapsulate the plasma‐treated spacer yarns to create the lotus seedpod‐inspired hydrophilic stems, innovatively constructing multiple directional water transport channels. Simultaneously, the large holes of rGO‐SA‐PSF on the upper layer form lotus seedpod‐inspired head concave holes, enabling efficient light capture. Under 1 kW m−2 illumination, rGO‐SA‐PSF exhibits a rapid evaporation rate of 1.85 kg m−2 h−1, with an efficiency of 96.4%. Additionally, it shows superior salt tolerance (with no salt accumulation during continuous evaporation for 10 h in 10% brine) and self‐desalination performance during long‐term seawater desalination processes. This biomimetic ISSG offers a promising solution for efficient and stable seawater desalination and wastewater purification.","author":[{"family":"Ma","given":"Haodong"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Lingjie"},{"family":"Li","given":"Zhenzhen"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Jianglong"},{"family":"Meng","given":"Jiaguang"},{"family":"Song","given":"Qingwen"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yaming"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yongzhen"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Qian"},{"family":"Miao","given":"Menghe"},{"family":"Zhi","given":"Chao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smll.202304877","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202304877","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4391926647","type":"article-journal","title":"Low‐coordination Nanocrystalline Copper‐based Catalysts through Theory‐guided Electrochemical Restructuring for Selective CO 2 Reduction to Ethylene","abstract":"Abstract Revealing the dynamic reconstruction process and tailoring advanced copper (Cu) catalysts is of paramount significance for promoting the conversion of CO 2 into ethylene (C 2 H 4 ), paving the way for carbon neutralization and facilitating renewable energy storage. In this study, we initially employed density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to elucidate the restructuring behavior of a catalyst under electrochemical conditions and delineated its restructuring patterns. Leveraging insights into this restructuring behavior, we devised an efficient, low‐coordination copper‐based catalyst. The resulting synthesized catalyst demonstrated an impressive Faradaic efficiency (FE) exceeding 70 % for ethylene generation at a current density of 800 mA cm −2 . Furthermore, it showed robust stability, maintaining consistent performance for 230 hours at a cell voltage of 3.5 V in a full‐cell system. Our research not only deepens the understanding of the active sites involved in designing efficient carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) catalysts but also advances CO 2 electrolysis technologies for industrial application.","author":[{"family":"Fang","given":"Wensheng"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Ruihu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Fumin"},{"family":"He","given":"Chaohui"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Dan"},{"family":"Yue","given":"Kaihang"},{"family":"Mao","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Wei"},{"family":"You","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Song","given":"Fei"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Tao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Ziyun"},{"family":"Xia","given":"Bao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/anie.202319936","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202319936","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4391649334","type":"article-journal","title":"Carbon and cost accounting for liner shipping under the European Union Emission Trading System","abstract":"Excessive CO 2 emissions and increased total costs of liner shipping are the two main problems affecting the environmental and economic benefits of liner companies under the European Union Emission Trading System (EU ETS). To address the upcoming EU ETS, we propose a carbon and cost accounting model for liner shipping that accurately calculates CO 2 emissions and total cost of liner shipping. We conduct a case study that a containership operates on the liner route from the Far East to Northwest Europe. The results show that the sailing stage plays a pivotal role in CO 2 emissions from liner shipping, accounting for 94.70% of CO 2 emissions. Among four types of fuel, CO 2 emissions from liner shipping using MGO is the largest, while CO 2 emissions from liner shipping using methanol is the smallest. Methanol, as an alternative fuel, proves to be a better choice than LNG for CO 2 control of liner shipping. The relationship between sailing speed and CO 2 emissions follows a U-shaped curve for the selected containership. Notably, speed reduction is effective in carbon control of liner shipping only when the sailing speed exceeds 8.29 knots. Under the EU ETS, sailing speed is a key variable affecting the total cost of liner shipping. Speed reduction may not always be cost-effective. When keeping the total cost of liner shipping unchanged, sailing speed should be reduced as the EU allowance (EUA) price rises within a certain range. For the selected containership using MGO and HFO, the most economical sailing speed is 8.29 knots, corresponding to the increase in EUA price of 304.95% and 261.21%, respectively. If EUA price continues to rise, speed reduction will become ineffective in controlling the total cost of liner shipping. This model can enhance the environmental and economic benefits of liner companies, meet compliance requirements of the EU ETS, and provide a new perspective for carbon and cost control of liner shipping.","author":[{"family":"Sun","given":"Ling"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xinghe"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Zijiang"},{"family":"Ning","given":"Zhong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1291968","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1291968","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402272561","type":"article-journal","title":"Underground Hydrogen Storage: A Critical Review in the Context of Climate Change Mitigation","abstract":"Increasing population and anthropogenic activities are leading to a rise in global temperatures called global warming and climate change. To tackle this crisis, substantial efforts have been made such as renewable energy expansion and implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects. The Paris Agreement's goal is to limit the increase in global temperature and climate change mitigation strategies are adopted to achieve it. Decarbonization, negative emissions, and radiative forcing geoengineering are important technologies for this purpose because they decrease potential risks. Hydrogen has great potential in clean combustion and reduction of carbon emissions in different sectors like steel production. The cost trends indicate that green hydrogen could become a comparatively more efficient technology as compared to hydrogen generated from fossil fuels in the coming years. There is a need for hydrogen storage to support grid balancing and renewable energy systems. This study highlights the limitations and benefits of underground hydrogen storage mechanisms, including salt caverns, porous rock formations, and depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs. These are sustainable methods because they offer economic feasibility and large-scale storage, but it is important to consider geological suitability, hydrogen embrittlement, and environmental concerns. According to the literature, underground hydrogen storage is a better option than above-ground storage. The future outlook predicts that there will be increased investments in underground hydrogen storage technologies in the global transition to a greener energy paradigm.","author":[{"family":"Qasim","given":"Muhammad"},{"family":"Fatima","given":"Arooj"},{"family":"Akhtar","given":"Tayyaba"},{"family":"Batool","given":"Syeda"},{"family":"Abdullah","given":"Kashif"},{"family":"Ullah","given":"Qudrat"},{"family":"Ashraf","given":"Noman"},{"family":"Ullah","given":"Ubaid"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.36347/sajb.2024.v12i07.006","URL":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2024.v12i07.006","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4391495813","type":"article-journal","title":"Provincial multistage power expansion planning toward coal and renewables positioning","abstract":"In the context of carbon neutrality, China's power system is accelerating its transition from a coal-based to a renewable-based system, and the positioning and synergies between coal and renewables still need to be comprehensively analyzed in the transition process. This paper proposes a framework of a provincial multistage power expansion planning model to simulate the power supply planning from 2025 to 2050 to answer the questions of positioning and synergy between coal and new energy. The proposed framework adopts a combination of macro and micro approaches, including macro policies, such as carbon emissions and energy consumption, and micro perspectives, such as modeling 16 power generation types. The power planning results and the decommissioning transition process of coal-based thermal power units and coal-based thermal power units with carbon capture, utilization and storage technology are given from 2025 to 2050 in a 5-year phase. Based on the power planning results, an accurate multistage assessment of levelized cost of energy and its component analysis are realized. The case study verifies the validity and accuracy of the proposed framework.","author":[{"family":"Gu","given":"Zhongfan"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Guangsheng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Haifeng"},{"family":"Feng","given":"Gang"},{"family":"Chen","given":"Haitao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1109/etfg55873.2023.10407448","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfg55873.2023.10407448","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4316672721","type":"article-journal","title":"Management of tree fodder banks for quality forage production and carbon sequestration in humid tropical cropping systems – An overview","abstract":"Livestock forms an integral component of humid tropical cropping systems, providing food and financial security, employment, and insurance against crop failure for small scale farmers. However, livestock sector is seriously constrained by the drastic decline in fodder base and high cost of feeds, incurring huge economic loss to farmers. Hence fodder production should be intensified in cropping system by including alternate feeds like nutrient rich fodder trees and shrubs to supplement conventional fodder. Fodder trees serve as a potential source of quality green fodder to livestock especially during lean periods. Moreover, tree leaves can be cheaper feed supplements than the commercial concentrates and can easily be grown by the small-holder farmers. Leucaena, mulberry, kadamba, calliandra, agathi, moringa and gliricidia are promising fodder tress by virtue of their nutritive foliage, fast growing nature with higher biomass production, amenable to heavy pruning, good coppicing ability and easy management. Moreover, these trees can be grown in close hedgerows as fodder banks in integration with existing crops to maximize productivity in land crunch humid tropical areas. Enhancing tree cover in cropping systems also offers ecosystem services like enhanced carbon storage and associated global warming issues. Forage and nutrient yields, and carbon accretion can be substantially elevated and crop–tree competition can be minimized by appropriate stand management practices and proper regulation of overstorey and understorey components. Extensive studies conducted on tree fodder bank establishment, management and their productive and protective functions in humid tropical cropping systems of South India are reviewed in this paper.","author":[{"family":"Raj","given":"Asha"},{"family":"Raj","given":"Reshma"},{"family":"Kunhamu","given":"TK"},{"family":"Jamaludheen","given":"V"},{"family":"Chichaghare","given":"AR"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.56093/ijans.v93i1.120692","URL":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i1.120692","source":"openalex"},{"id":"doi:10.3390/su151813447","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessing the Optimal Contributions of Renewables and Carbon Capture and Storage toward Carbon Neutrality by 2050","abstract":"Building on the carbon reduction targets agreed in the Paris Agreements, many nations have renewed their efforts toward achieving carbon neutrality by the year 2050. In line with this ambitious goal, nations are seeking to understand the appropriate combination of technologies which will enable the required reductions in such a way that they are appealing to investors. Around the globe, solar and wind power lead in terms of renewable energy deployment, while carbon capture and storage (CCS) is scaling up toward making a significant contribution to deep carbon cuts. Using Japan as a case study nation, this research proposes a linear optimization modeling approach to identify the potential contributions of renewables and CCS toward maximizing carbon reduction and identifying their economic merits over time. Results identify that the combination of these three technologies could enable a carbon dioxide emission reduction of between 55 and 67 percent in the energy sector by 2050 depending on resilience levels and CCS deployment regimes. Further reductions are likely to emerge with increased carbon pricing over time. The findings provide insights for energy system design, energy policy making and investment in carbon reducing technologies which underpin significant carbon reductions, while identifying potential regional social co-benefits.","author":[{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Dinh"},{"family":"Chapman","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Tsuji","given":"Takeshi"},{"family":"Nguyễn","given":"Đình"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.3390/su151813447","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813447","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4404760618","type":"article-journal","title":"Challenges of Artificial Intelligence Development in the Context of Energy Consumption and Impact on Climate Change","abstract":"With accelerating climate change and rising global energy consumption, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has emerged as a crucial tool for enhancing energy efficiency and mitigating the impacts of climate change. However, their implementation has a dual character: on one hand, AI facilitates sustainable solutions, including energy optimization, renewable energy integration and carbon reduction; on the other hand, the training and operation of large language models (LLMs) entail significant energy consumption, potentially undermining carbon neutrality efforts. Key findings include an analysis of 237 scientific publications from 2010 to 2024, which highlights significant advancements and obstacles to AI adoption across sectors, such as construction, transportation, industry, energy and households. The review showed that interest in the use of AI and ML in energy efficiency has grown significantly: over 60% of the documents have been published in the last two years, with the topics of sustainable construction and climate change forecasting attracting the most interest. Most of the articles are published by researchers from China, India, the UK and the USA, (28–33 articles). This is more than twice the number of publications from researchers around the rest of the world; 58% of research is concentrated in three areas: engineering, computer science and energy. In conclusion, the review also identifies areas for further research aimed at minimizing the negative impacts of AI and maximizing its contribution to sustainable development, including the development of more energy-efficient AI architectures and new methods of energy management.","author":[{"family":"Pimenow","given":"Sergiusz"},{"family":"Pimenowa","given":"Olena"},{"family":"Prus","given":"Piotr"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en17235965","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17235965","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402313794","type":"article-journal","title":"Development Status and Prospects of Biomass Energy in China","abstract":"With the increasingly serious problems of energy shortage and environmental degradation, countries around the world are actively developing safe, environmentally friendly, and renewable energy. Biomass energy has become an ideal substitute for fossil fuels due to its abundant reserves, good renewable performance, and zero carbon emissions. This paper discusses the importance and potential of biomass energy as a renewable energy source for China’s energy development, mainly including the three biomass conversion methods of physics, chemistry, and biology, seven utilization technologies, such as direct combustion, gasification, and pyrolysis, and five application approaches, such as biomass power generation, biomass gas fuel, biomass liquid fuel, and bio-based materials. This review systematically analyzes the challenges faced by China’s development of biomass energy and discusses the future development direction of biomass. The utilization of biomass resources should take a comprehensive and high-value path. China is actively looking for new energy utilization paths, and biomass energy has become a key measure to cope with carbon emission reduction, climate change, and ecological environment protection.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Tong"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Tuo"},{"family":"Li","given":"Chaoran"},{"family":"Song","given":"Qiang"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Man"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Hairui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en17174484","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17174484","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4400982082","type":"article-journal","title":"Pattern of total organic carbon in sediments within the mangrove ecosystem","abstract":"The sedimentary total organic carbon (TOC) in mangrove ecosystems plays an essential role in the global carbon storage. Nevertheless, little information is available about the pattern of TOC in sediments varying from bare and flat to those beneath mangroves. To find out the roles of new-developing mangroves in sedimentary TOC accumulation, a serials of sediment samples were collected from the creek mudflat zone (CMZ) through the fringe mangrove zone (FMZ) to the interior mangrove zone (IMZ) in young mangrove system of Nanliu River Delta in China. Sediment compositions, TOC, total nitrogen (TN), molar C/N ratios, and carbon stable isotopes (δ13C) were analyzed to examine the accumulation processes. The results revealed the distinct differences in the sedimentary TOC values, with an obvious increasing trend from the CMZ and FMZ to the IMZ. We quantified that terrestrials, marine-derived and mangrove-derived sources contributed 39.2-74.1%, 24.7-63.1% and 0.9-6.9%, respectively, to the sedimentary TOC in the mangrove ecosystems. The organic carbon accumulation rates ranged from 2.59 to 269.60 g•m-2•a-1, with values of 8.77 ± 19.87, 24.78 ± 12.53, 167.19 ± 57.79 g•m-2•a-1 for CMZ, FMZ and IMZ. Our work highlights information showing that young mangrove forests of the tropical delta have important potential for carbon storage.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Yue"},{"family":"Long","given":"Chuqi"},{"family":"Dai","given":"Zhijun"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Xiaoyan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1428229","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1428229","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4390053489","type":"article-journal","title":"Techno-Economic Analysis of a Thermally Integrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Compressed Air Energy Storage Hybrid System","abstract":"Natural-gas-fueled solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems have the potential for high-efficiency conversion of carbon to power due to the underlying electrochemical conversion process while readily facilitating carbon capture through the separation of the fuel and oxidant sources. Compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology can potentially store significant quantities of energy for later use with a high round-trip efficiency and lower cost when compared with state-of-the-art battery technology. The base load generation capability of SOFC can be coupled with CAES technology to provide a potentially flexible, low-carbon solution to meet the fluctuating electricity demands imposed by the increasing share of intermittent variable renewable energy (VRE) production. SOFC and CAES can be hybridized through thermal integration to maximize power output during periods of high electrical demand and then store power when either demand is low or renewable generation reduces power prices. The techno-economics of a low-carbon hybrid SOFC and CAES system was developed and investigated in the present study. The proposed hybrid system was found to be cost-competitive with other power-generating base-load facilities when power availability was considered. The hybrid system shows increased resilience to changes in a high VRE grid market scenario.","author":[{"family":"Buchheit","given":"Kyle"},{"family":"Noring","given":"Alexander"},{"family":"Iyengar","given":"Arun"},{"family":"Hackett","given":"Gregory"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en17010042","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010042","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4398256041","type":"article-journal","title":"Lead-Free NaNbO3-Based Ceramics for Electrostatic Energy Storage Capacitors","abstract":"The burgeoning significance of antiferroelectric (AFE) materials, particularly as viable candidates for electrostatic energy storage capacitors in power electronics, has sparked substantial interest. Among these, lead-free sodium niobate (NaNbO3) AFE materials are emerging as eco-friendly and promising alternatives to lead-based materials, which pose risks to human health and the environment, attributed to their superior recoverable energy density and dielectric breakdown strength. This review offers an insightful overview of the fundamental principles underlying antiferroelectricity and the applications of AFE materials. It underscores the recent advancements in lead-free NaNbO3-based materials, focusing on their crystal structures, phase transitions, and innovative strategies devised to tailor their electrostatic energy storage performance. Finally, this review delineates the prevailing challenges and envisages future directions in the realm of NaNbO3-based electrostatic energy storage capacitors, with the goal of fostering further advancements in this pivotal field.","author":[{"family":"Soheli","given":"Sairatun"},{"family":"Lu","given":"Zhilun"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Dongyang"},{"family":"Shyha","given":"Islam"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/ceramics7020047","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics7020047","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4404189897","type":"article-journal","title":"Numerical Study on Composite Multilayer Insulation Material for Liquid Hydrogen Storage","abstract":"This study investigated the heat transfer characteristics of composite multilayer insulation (MLI) materials used for the storage and transport of liquid hydrogen at cryogenic temperatures. This research focused on analyzing the effects of thermal boundary temperature, total layer count, and vacuum level on the heat flux through the insulation material. Based on the layer-by-layer model, a heat transfer model of composite MLI was constructed. This research introduces a novel method for analyzing the heat transfer properties of composite MLI in the liquid hydrogen temperature range. Results indicate that heat flux increases with higher thermal boundary temperatures, with the MLI layers near the cold boundary playing a critical role in overall insulation performance. Additionally, numerical analysis was conducted to examine the impact of different material combinations and variations in vacuum level on heat transfer characteristics. Findings reveal that adding spray-on foam insulation reduces heat flux by 20.76% compared to using MLI alone. Furthermore, increasing the total number of MLI layers effectively mitigates heat flux increase, achieving an optimal heat flux of 0.5377 W/m2 with a total of 50 layers.","author":[{"family":"Ding","given":"Yi"},{"family":"Shao","given":"DB"},{"family":"Jin","given":"Suke"},{"family":"Yu","given":"Meng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yubo"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Long"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/coatings14111417","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14111417","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402841956","type":"article-journal","title":"Recent Advances in Carbon-Based Interfacial Photothermal Converters for Seawater Desalination: A Review","abstract":"Along with the rapid development of society, freshwater shortages have become a global concern. Although existing desalination technologies have alleviated this pressure to some extent, their long-term environmental impact and energy consumption are still questionable. Therefore, it is necessary to find a new effective way for seawater desalination with cleaner energy. Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation technology has the advantages of environmental protection, energy saving, high evaporation efficiency, low cost, and strong sustainability, and is considered one of the most effective technologies to relieve water resource stress. This review summarized the recent advances in carbon-based interfacial photothermal converters focused on the preparation methods of 2D and 3D photothermal absorbers, the potential ways to enhance the efficiency of photothermal conversion. Finally, this paper proposed the challenges and future trends of interfacial photothermal converters.","author":[{"family":"Jia","given":"Xiaoyu"},{"family":"Niu","given":"Yuke"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Shufang"},{"family":"He","given":"Hongwei"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Xu"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/c10030086","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c10030086","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4405138123","type":"article-journal","title":"Ultrafast synthesis and binder‐free fabrication of a monolithic metal–organic framework for efficient carbon capture","abstract":"Abstract Achieving rapid synthesis alongside efficient shaping without sacrificing high porosity and crystallinity poses significant challenges for metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in practical applications. Here, we report an ultrafast, scalable method for preparing an ultramicroporous MOF at room temperature. This method achieves a space–time yield significantly higher than conventional MOF synthesis by orders of magnitude. As a result of strongly promoted crystal nucleation by careful selection of solvent and metal source, the MOF material is produced in a gel state offering both high crystallinity and processability. This allows for the binder‐free fabrication of monolithic adsorbents with predesigned macro shapes and sizes. Owing to its narrowly distributed pore size and high‐density open metal sites, the monolithic adsorbent demonstrates top‐tier selectivity for CO2/N2 (>200) and CO2/CH4 separations. The performance sets a new benchmark among current MOF xero‐ or aerogel monoliths. Breakthrough experiments further verify its robust ability for carbon capture under dynamic conditions.","author":[{"family":"Ding","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Yulong"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Jia"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Jingyue"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhaoqiang"},{"family":"Chai","given":"Kungang"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Sui"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/aic.18673","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.18673","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4403851253","type":"article-journal","title":"CO2 methanation: a bibliometric analysis and review of activated carbon-based materials (2014–24)","abstract":"Abstract This study highlights the significant potential of activated carbon (AC)-based materials in environmental remediation and energy production, particularly in converting carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) into methane (CH4) and water (H2O) using transition metal-based catalysts. It emphasizes the role of porous AC in waste reduction and resource utilization, examining various applications of CO2 and evaluating environmental impacts. The research explores commercialization opportunities and specifically investigates CO2 methanation using AC-based materials. Using bibliometric analyses of 4196 articles from the Web of Science database, the study identifies a growing research interest in porous AC-related CO2 methanation from 2014 to 2024. The top three journals in this field are Environment Development and Sustainability, Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, and Journal of Environment Science and Pollution. However, there is limited inter-institutional collaboration in this field, suggesting room for development towards commercializing sustainable CH4 production pathways. CH4 is highlighted as a crucial intermediate in industrial processes, and research directions are identified through co-occurring author keywords analysis. The study suggests the need for a comprehensive approach integrating AC materials into carbon-neutral energy processes while addressing the potential adverse effects of AC nanoparticles on biological and environmental factors. Ultimately, it clarifies the potential uses and commercialization prospects for porous AC materials, especially in conjunction with carbon capture and utilization technologies, promoting sustainable practices in energy production and environmental management.","author":[{"family":"Akpasi","given":"Stephen"},{"family":"Isa","given":"Yusuf"},{"family":"Monama","given":"Thembisile"},{"family":"Kiambi","given":"Sammy"},{"family":"Ngema","given":"Peterson"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ce/zkae082","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkae082","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402841421","type":"article-journal","title":"Sustainable Liquid‐Organic‐Hydrogen‐Carrier‐Based Hydrogen‐Storage Technology Using Crude or Waste Feedstock/Hydrogen","abstract":"For liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) technology to be competitive with other H2‐storage methods, it is crucial to reduce the cost of LOHC materials occupying the high proportion of the embodied energy required for system implementation. Promising approaches are to convert crude or waste feedstock into LOHC materials and to utilize crude hydrogen sources obtained from various routes. Thus, in this review, the state‐of‐the‐art advances in sustainable LOHC‐based hydrogen storage using crude or waste feedstock, associated with their conversion into LOHC materials, and coupling crude hydrogen with LOHC system to obtain high‐purity H2 without separation and purification are highlighted. Petroleum sources like light cycle oil and pyrolysis fuel oil are used after liquid–liquid extraction, combined distillation/hydroprocessing, and one‐pot hydrotreating–hydrocracking. In case of converting renewable resources (e.g., biomass and plastic waste), depolymerization followed by hydrodeoxygenation is an effective approach. To utilize crude hydrogen sources for hydrogen storage, catalysts should be designed and synthesized toward activating LOHC hydrogenation reaction at lower temperatures, along with high CO resistance. Consequently, this context provides guidance for the development of LOHC technology to accelerate its commercialization.","author":[{"family":"Kim","given":"Dong"},{"family":"Yoon","given":"Doohoo"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Soo"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Tae"},{"family":"Suh","given":"Young‐woong"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/aesr.202400177","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.202400177","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4398765526","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrated assessment modeling of a zero-emissions global transportation sector","abstract":"Currently responsible for over one fifth of carbon emissions worldwide, the transportation sector will need to undergo a substantial technological transition to ensure compatibility with global climate goals. Few studies have modeled strategies to achieve zero emissions across all transportation modes, including aviation and shipping, alongside an integrated analysis of feedbacks on other sectors and environmental systems. Here, we use a global integrated assessment model to evaluate deep decarbonization scenarios for the transportation sector consistent with maintaining end-of-century warming below 1.5 °C, considering varied timelines for fossil fuel phase-out and implementation of advanced alternative technologies. We highlight the leading low carbon technologies for each transportation mode, finding that electrification contributes most to decarbonization across the sector. Biofuels and hydrogen are particularly important for aviation and shipping. Our most ambitious scenario eliminates transportation emissions by mid-century, contributing substantially to achieving climate targets but requiring rapid technological shifts with integrated impacts on fuel demands and availability and upstream energy transitions.","author":[{"family":"Speizer","given":"Simone"},{"family":"Fuhrman","given":"Jay"},{"family":"Lopez","given":"Laura"},{"family":"George","given":"Mel"},{"family":"Kyle","given":"Page"},{"family":"Monteith","given":"Seth"},{"family":"Mcjeon","given":"Haewon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-024-48424-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48424-9","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4404387131","type":"article-journal","title":"Comparative study of machine learning techniques for post-combustion carbon capture systems","abstract":"Computational analysis of countercurrent flows in packed absorption columns, often used in solvent-based post-combustion carbon capture systems (CCSs), is challenging. Typically, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches are used to simulate the interactions between a solvent, gas, and column's packing geometry while accounting for the thermodynamics, kinetics, heat, and mass transfer effects of the absorption process. These simulations can then be used explain a column's hydrodynamic characteristics and evaluate its CO2-capture efficiency. However, these approaches are computationally expensive, making it difficult to evaluate numerous designs and operating conditions to improve efficiency at industrial scales. In this work, we comprehensively explore the application of statistical ML methods, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and graph neural networks (GNNs) to aid and accelerate the scale-up and design optimization of solvent-based post-combustion CCSs. We apply these methods to CFD datasets of countercurrent flows in absorption columns with structured packings characterized by several geometric parameters. We train models to use these parameters, inlet velocity conditions, and other model-specific representations of the column to estimate key determinants of CO2-capture efficiency without having to simulate additional CFD datasets. We also evaluate the impact of different input types on the accuracy and generalizability of each model. We discuss the strengths and limitations of each approach to further elucidate the role of CNNs, GNNs, and other machine learning approaches for CO2-capture property prediction and design optimization.","author":[{"family":"Hu","given":"Yeping"},{"family":"Lei","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Shah","given":"Yash"},{"family":"Cadena","given":"José"},{"family":"Saini","given":"Amar"},{"family":"Panagakos","given":"Grigorios"},{"family":"Nguyen","given":"Phan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3389/frai.2024.1441934","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2024.1441934","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4401075966","type":"article-journal","title":"Solar–Hydrogen-Storage Integrated Electric Vehicle Charging Stations with Demand-Side Management and Social Welfare Maximization","abstract":"The reliable operation of a power system requires a real-time balance between supply and demand. However, it is difficult to achieve this balance solely by relying on supply-side regulation. Therefore, it is necessary to cooperate with effective demand-side management, which is a key strategy within smart grid systems, encouraging end-users to actively engage and optimize their electricity usage. This paper proposes a novel bi-level optimization model for integrating solar, hydrogen, and battery storage systems with charging stations (SHS-EVCSs) to maximize social welfare. The first level employs a non-cooperative game theory model for each individual EVCS to minimize capital and operational costs. The second level uses a cooperative game framework with an internal management system to optimize energy transactions among multiple EVCSs while considering EV owners’ economic interests. A Markov decision process models uncertainties in EV charging times, and Monte Carlo simulations predict charging demand. Real-time electricity pricing based on the dual theory enables demand-side management strategies like peak shaving and valley filling. Case studies demonstrate the model’s effectiveness in reducing peak loads, balancing energy utilization, and enhancing overall system efficiency and sustainability through optimized renewable integration, energy storage, EV charging coordination, social welfare maximization, and cost minimization. The proposed approach offers a promising pathway toward sustainable energy infrastructure by harmonizing renewable sources, storage technologies, EV charging demands, and societal benefits.","author":[{"family":"Duan","given":"Lijia"},{"family":"Taylor","given":"Gareth"},{"family":"Lai","given":"Chun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/wevj15080337","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15080337","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4386699597","type":"article-journal","title":"Near‐Infrared Light‐Driven Photocatalysis with an Emphasis on Two‐Photon Excitation: Concepts, Materials, and Applications","abstract":"Efficient utilization of sunlight in photocatalysis is widely recognized as a promising solution for addressing the growing energy demand and environmental issues resulting from fossil fuel consumption. Recently, there have been significant developments in various near-infrared (NIR) light-harvesting systems for artificial photosynthesis and photocatalytic environmental remediation. This review provides an overview of the most recent advancements in the utilization of NIR light through the creation of novel nanostructured materials and molecular photosensitizers, as well as modulating strategies to enhance the photocatalytic processes. A special focus is given to the emerging two-photon excitation NIR photocatalysis. The unique features and limitations of different systems are critically evaluated. In particular, it highlights the advantages of utilizing NIR light and two-photon excitation compared to UV-visible irradiation and one-photon excitation. Ongoing challenges and potential solutions for the future exploration of NIR light-responsive materials are also discussed.","author":[{"family":"Han","given":"Chuang"},{"family":"Kundu","given":"Bidyut"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Yujun"},{"family":"Sun","given":"Yujie"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.202307759","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202307759","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4405082891","type":"article-journal","title":"Role of Oxygen Defects in Eliciting a Divergent Fluorescence Response of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Dopamine and Serotonin","abstract":"Modulating the optical response of fluorescent nanoparticles through rational modification of their surface chemistry can yield distinct optical signatures upon the interaction with structurally related molecules. Herein, we present a method for tuning the fluorescence response of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) toward dopamine (DA) and serotonin, two structurally related monoamine-hydroxylated aromatic neurotransmitters, by introducing oxygen defects into (6,5) chirality-enriched SWCNTs suspended by sodium cholate (SC). This modification facilitated opposite optical responses toward these neurotransmitters, where DA distinctly increased the fluorescence of the defect-induced emission of SWCNTs (D-SWCNTs) 6-fold, while serotonin notably decreased it. In contrast, pristine, defect-free SWCNTs exhibited similar optical responses to both neurotransmitters. The underlying mechanisms for the divergent fluorescence response were found to be polydopamine (PDA) surface adsorption in the case of the fluorescence enhancement in response to DA, while the fluorescence decrease in response to serotonin was attributed to enhanced solvent relaxation effects in the presence of defects. Importantly, the divergent optical response of D-SWCNTs to DA and serotonin, via the introduction of defects, was validated in complex biological environments such as serum. Further, the generality of our approach was confirmed by the demonstrations of a divergent fluorescence response of D-SWCNTs suspended by an additional dispersant, namely lipid-polyethylene glycol (PEG). This study offers promising avenues for the broad applicability of surface functionalization of SWCNTs to achieve divergent responses toward structurally related molecules and advance applications in sensing, imaging, and diagnostic technologies.","author":[{"family":"Basu","given":"Srestha"},{"family":"Hendlerneumark","given":"Adi"},{"family":"Bisker","given":"Gili"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsnano.4c10360","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c10360","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4353043746","type":"article-journal","title":"AgBTC MOF-Mediated Approach to Synthesize Silver Nanoparticles Decorated on Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO@Ag) for Energy Storage Applications","abstract":"High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Nanowires of silver-based metal–organic framework (MOF) (AgBTC, BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate) were grown onto graphene oxide layers to generate GO-AgBTC nanocomposites. Thermal treatment of these composites in inert atmosphere produced reduced graphene oxide (rGO) decorated with well-dispersed and homogeneous silver nanoparticles ( [email protected] ). The easy and scalable synthesis of AgNPs via MOF-mediated synthesis was achieved by the thermal decomposition of the AgBTC directly onto the rGO surface. The structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties of this novel material were investigated by XRD, Raman, TGA, FE-SEM, TEM, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic charge and discharge experimental techniques. The results showed improved capacitive features for [email protected] Specific gravimetric capacitance measured by galvanostatic charge–discharge yielded a value of 151.97 F/g at the current density of 0.5 A/g, pointing out that MOF-mediated synthesis offers a facile method to generate rGO electrodes decorated by uniformly distributed nanoparticles for energy storage devices.","author":[{"family":"Barjola","given":"Arturo"},{"family":"Rapeyko","given":"Anastasia"},{"family":"Sahuquillo","given":"Óscar"},{"family":"Xamena","given":"Francesc"},{"family":"Giménez","given":"Enrique"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1021/acsaem.2c03872","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.2c03872","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402535844","type":"article-journal","title":"Effects of LDPE and PBAT plastics on soil organic carbon and carbon-enzymes: A mesocosm experiment under field conditions","abstract":"Although the effects of plastic residues on soil organic carbon (SOC) have been studied, variations in SOC and soil carbon-enzyme activities at different plant growth stages have been largely overlooked. There remains a knowledge gap on how various varieties of plastics affect SOC and carbon-enzyme activity dynamics during the different growing stages of plants. In this study, we conducted a mesocosm experiment under field conditions using low-density polyethylene and poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) debris (LDPE-D and PBAT-D, 500-2000 μm (pieces), 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%), and low-density polyethylene microplastics (LDPE-M, 500-1000 μm (powder), 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%) to investigate SOC and C-enzyme activities (β-xylosidase, cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase) at the sowing, seedling, flowering and harvesting stages of soybean (Glycine Max). The results showed that SOC in the LDPE-D treatments significantly increased from the flowering to harvesting stage, by 12.69%-13.26% (p < 0.05), but significantly decreased in the 0.05% and 0.1% LDPE-M treatments from the sowing to seedling stage (p < 0.05). However, PBAT-D had no significant effect on SOC during the whole growing period. For C-enzyme activities, only LDPE-D treatments inhibited GH (17.22-38.56%), BG (46.7-66.53%) and CBH (13.19-23.16%), compared to treatment without plastic addition, from the flowering stage to harvesting stage. Meanwhile, C-enzyme activities and SOC responded nonmonotonically to plastic abundance and the impacts significantly varied among the growing stages, especially in treatments with PBAT-D (p < 0.05). These risks to soil organic carbon cycling are likely mediated by the effects of plastic contamination and degradation soil microbe. These effects are sensitive to plastic characteristics such as type, size, and shape, which, in turn, affect the biogeochemical and mechanical interactions involving plastic particles. Therefore, further research on the interactions between plastic degradation processes and the soil microbial community may provide better mechanistic understanding the effect of plastic contamination on soil organic carbon cycling.","author":[{"family":"Jia","given":"Xinkai"},{"family":"Yao","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Gaowei"},{"family":"Xue","given":"Sha"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Mengjuan"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Darrell"},{"family":"Geissen","given":"Violette"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xiaomei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124965","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124965","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4392414094","type":"article-journal","title":"Biomass-Based Supercapacitors Electrodes for Electrical Energy Storage Systems Activated Using Chemical Activation Method: A Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis","abstract":"Currently, carbon derived from biomass waste or residues is being intensively utilized as electrodes due to its excellent electrical properties, including high conductivity, appropriate porosity, and a specific surface area suitable for supercapacitor applications. Despite its advantages, the performance of supercapacitors made from biomass-derived carbon is insufficient for engineering applications because of the challenges in obtaining the mesoporous structure of activated carbon (AC). Therefore, this study highlights the potential of biomass-based carbon as the electrodes of a highly efficient supercapacitor, which can facilitate highly efficient current transport in energy storage systems. It comprehensively discusses various biomass material sources and activation methods to produce carbon, with a focus on the physical and electrical properties. Initially, the study discusses carbon activation methods and mechanisms to understand why activating agents and electrolyte solutions have a high specific surface area and specific capacitance. It then concentrates on the chemical activation method and its importance in making AC useful as an efficient electrode. Finally, in this study, various biomass sources were discussed to highlight the performance of supercapacitors electrodes originating from agricultural and wood residues relating to the specific capacitance and capacitance retention. Based on the obtained results, it is concluded that biomass-based carbon materials could be the most advantageous platform material for energy conversion and storage.","author":[{"family":"Hamidah","given":"Ida"},{"family":"Ramdhani","given":"Ramdhani"},{"family":"Wiyono","given":"Apri"},{"family":"Mulyanti","given":"Budi"},{"family":"Pawinanto","given":"Roer"},{"family":"Hasanah","given":"Lilik"},{"family":"Diantoro","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Yuliarto","given":"Brian"},{"family":"Yunas","given":"Jumril"},{"family":"Rusydi","given":"Andrivo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.17509/ijost.v8i3.60688","URL":"https://doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v8i3.60688","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4400419360","type":"article-journal","title":"Review of the Interfacial Structure and Properties of Surfactants in Petroleum Production and Geological Storage Systems from a Molecular Scale Perspective","abstract":"Surfactants play a crucial role in tertiary oil recovery by reducing the interfacial tension between immiscible phases, altering surface wettability, and improving foam film stability. Oil reservoirs have high temperatures and high pressures, making it difficult and hazardous to conduct lab experiments. In this context, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is a valuable tool for complementing experiments. It can effectively study the microscopic behaviors (such as diffusion, adsorption, and aggregation) of the surfactant molecules in the pore fluids and predict the thermodynamics and kinetics of these systems with a high degree of accuracy. MD simulation also overcomes the limitations of traditional experiments, which often lack the necessary temporal-spatial resolution. Comparing simulated results with experimental data can provide a comprehensive explanation from a microscopic standpoint. This article reviews the state-of-the-art MD simulations of surfactant adsorption and resulting interfacial properties at gas/oil-water interfaces. Initially, the article discusses interfacial properties and methods for evaluating surfactant-formed monolayers, considering variations in interfacial concentration, molecular structure of the surfactants, and synergistic effect of surfactant mixtures. Then, it covers methods for characterizing microstructure at various interfaces and the evolution process of the monolayers' packing state as a function of interfacial concentration and the surfactants' molecular structure. Next, it examines the interactions between surfactants and the aqueous phase, focusing on headgroup solvation and counterion condensation. Finally, it analyzes the influence of hydrophobic phase molecular composition on interactions between surfactants and the hydrophobic phase. This review deepened our understanding of the micro-level mechanisms of oil displacement by surfactants and is beneficial for screening and designing surfactants for oil field applications.","author":[{"family":"Jia","given":"Jihui"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Shu"},{"family":"Li","given":"Jingwei"},{"family":"Liang","given":"Yunfeng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Rongjuan"},{"family":"Tsuji","given":"Takeshi"},{"family":"Niu","given":"Ben"},{"family":"Peng","given":"Bo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/molecules29133230","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29133230","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4405576823","type":"article-journal","title":"Assessment of the Geological Storage Potential and Suitability of CO2 in the Deep Saline Aquifers in the Northwest Plain of Shandong Province, China","abstract":"Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is a crucial and effective tool to achieve China’s dual carbon goals. The primary locations suitable for underground CO2 storage include depleted oil and gas reservoirs, deep saline aquifers, and deep unmineable coal seams. Among these, deep saline aquifers are widely distributed in most of the world’s sedimentary basins, and they offer significant advantages—such as substantial storage capacity, well-established technology, high safety standards, and cost effectiveness—making them crucial geological reservoirs for carbon dioxide storage. In comparison to foreign countries’ projects on CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology, China’s initiatives have been implemented more recently, and no research has been conducted on the geological storage of CO2 in the deep saline aquifers within the study area. In this study, we systematically analyzed the key factors for the geological storage of CO2 in saline reservoirs within the northwest plain of Shandong Province: the Paleogene Shahejie Formation saline aquifer, and the lower reservoir of the Minghuazhen Formation saline aquifer located east of the Zhanhua–Lijin–Dongying line. The CO2 geological storage potential of these aquifers was assessed using the evaluation methodology of the United States Department of Energy, yielding a result of 30.355 billion tons. An evaluation index system of CO2 geological storage suitability was established. Evaluation indices for regions in the study area were assigned according to this evaluation index, and the score and grade of each unit were obtained. The results indicated that the Huimin latent fault depression, Dongying latent fault depression, Dezhou latent fault depression, and Dongming–Shenxian latent fault depression are suitable prospective areas for CO2 geological storage in the saline aquifers of Shandong Province’s northwest plain.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Shihao"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Hailong"},{"family":"Zhao","given":"Xincun"},{"family":"Yan","given":"Yan"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Xunchang"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Xuepeng"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en17246387","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246387","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4385380176","type":"article-journal","title":"Designing Oxide Catalysts for Oxygen Electrocatalysis: Insights from Mechanism to Application","abstract":"Abstract The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are fundamental processes in a range of energy conversion devices such as fuel cells and metal–air batteries. ORR and OER both have significant activation barriers, which severely limit the overall performance of energy conversion devices that utilize ORR/OER. Meanwhile, ORR is another very important electrochemical reaction involving oxygen that has been widely investigated. ORR occurs in aqueous solutions via two pathways: the direct 4-electron reduction or 2-electron reduction pathways from O2 to water (H2O) or from O2 to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Noble metal electrocatalysts are often used to catalyze OER and ORR, despite the fact that noble metal electrocatalysts have certain intrinsic limitations, such as low storage. Thus, it is urgent to develop more active and stable low-cost electrocatalysts, especially for severe environments (e.g., acidic media). Theoretically, an ideal oxygen electrocatalyst should provide adequate binding to oxygen species. Transition metals not belonging to the platinum group metal-based oxides are a low-cost substance that could give a d orbital for oxygen species binding. As a result, transition metal oxides are regarded as a substitute for typical precious metal oxygen electrocatalysts. However, the development of oxide catalysts for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions still faces significant challenges, e.g., catalytic activity, stability, cost, and reaction mechanism. We discuss the fundamental principles underlying the design of oxide catalysts, including the influence of crystal structure, and electronic structure on their performance. We also discuss the challenges associated with developing oxide catalysts and the potential strategies to overcome these challenges.","author":[{"family":"Han","given":"Ning"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Guo","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Hui"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Xing","given":"Ling‐bao"},{"family":"Tian","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Guoxiu"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xuan"},{"family":"Fransaer","given":"Jan"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1007/s40820-023-01152-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01152-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4400950482","type":"article-journal","title":"Planning a Hybrid Battery Energy Storage System for Supplying Electric Vehicle Charging Station Microgrids","abstract":"This paper presents a capacity planning framework for a microgrid based on renewable energy sources and supported by a hybrid battery energy storage system which is composed of three different battery types, including lithium-ion (Li-ion), lead acid (LA), and second-life Li-ion batteries for supplying electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. The objective of this framework is to determine the optimal size for the wind generation systems, PV generation systems, and hybrid battery energy storage systems (HBESS) with the least cost. The framework is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem, which incorporates constraints for battery ageing and the amount of unmet load for each year. The system uncertainties are managed by conducting the studies for various scenarios, generated and reduced by generative adversarial networks (GAN) and the k-means clustering algorithm for wind speed, global horizontal irradiation, and EV charging load. The studies are conducted for three levels of unmet load, and the outputs are compared for these reliability levels. The results indicate that the cost of hybrid energy storage is lower than individual battery technologies (21% compared to Li-ion, 4.6% compared to LA, and 6% compared to second-life Li-ion batteries). Additionally, by using HBESS, the capacity fade of LA batteries is decreased (for the unmet load levels of 0, 1%, 5%, 4.2%, 6.1%, and 9.7%, respectively), and the replacement of the system is deferred proportional to the degradation reduction.","author":[{"family":"Khazali","given":"Amirhossein"},{"family":"Al-Wreikat","given":"Yazan"},{"family":"Fraser","given":"EJ"},{"family":"Sharkh","given":"Suleiman"},{"family":"Cruden","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Naderi","given":"Mobin"},{"family":"Smith","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Palmer","given":"Diane"},{"family":"Gladwin","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Foster","given":"Martin"},{"family":"Ballantyne","given":"Erica"},{"family":"Stone","given":"David"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en17153631","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17153631","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402369601","type":"article-journal","title":"Managing fire‐prone forests in a time of decreasing carbon carrying capacity","abstract":"Changing climatic conditions are increasing overstory tree mortality in forests globally. This restructuring of the distribution of biomass is making already flammable forests more combustible, posing a major challenge for managing the transition to a lower biomass state. In western US dry conifer forests, tree density resulting from over a century of fire‐exclusion practices has increased the risk of high‐severity wildfire and susceptibility to climate‐driven mortality. Reducing dead fuel loads will require new approaches to mitigate risk to the remaining live trees by preparing forests to withstand future wildfire. Here, we used data from the Teakettle Experimental Forest in California to evaluate different prescribed fire burn frequencies and their impact on accumulated dead fuels after a 4‐year drought. Increasing burn frequency could reduce surface fuel build‐up but comes with additional challenges that will require creativity and experimentation to overcome.","author":[{"family":"Hurteau","given":"Matthew"},{"family":"Goodwin","given":"Marissa"},{"family":"Marsh","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Zald","given":"Harold"},{"family":"Collins","given":"Brandon"},{"family":"Meyer","given":"Marc"},{"family":"North","given":"Malcolm"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/fee.2801","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2801","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4400041002","type":"article-journal","title":"What Is the Carbon Footprint of Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery?","abstract":"Background/Objectives: While the economic cost of adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery has been studied extensively, its environmental impact is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the carbon footprint (CF) associated with ASD surgery. Methods: ASD patients who underwent > four levels of corrective surgery between 2017 and 2021 were included. The open group included a posterior-only, single-stage technique, while the minimally invasive surgery (MIS) group was defined as the use of lateral interbody fusion and percutaneous posterior screw fixation. The two groups were propensity-score matched to adjust for baseline demographic, surgical, and radiographic characteristics. Data on all disposables and reusable instruments, anesthetic gas, and non-gas medications used during surgery were collected from medical records. The CF of transporting, using, and disposing of each product and the footprint of energy use in operating rooms were calculated. The CF produced was evaluated using the carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e), which is relative to the amount of CO2 with an equivalent global warming potential. Results: Of the 175 eligible patients, 15 pairs (65 ± 9 years, 47% female) were properly matched and analyzed for all variables. The average CF generated per case was 147.7 ± 37.3 kg-CO2e, of which 54% was attributable to energy used to sterilize reusable instruments, followed by anesthetic gas released into the environment (17%) and operating room air conditioning (15%). Conclusions: The CF generated during ASD surgery should be reduced using a multidisciplinary approach, taking into account that different surgical procedures have different impacts on carbon emission sources.","author":[{"family":"Nakarai","given":"Hiroyuki"},{"family":"Kwas","given":"Cole"},{"family":"Mai","given":"Eric"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Nishtha"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Bo"},{"family":"Clohisy","given":"John"},{"family":"Merrill","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Pajak","given":"Anthony"},{"family":"Du","given":"Jerry"},{"family":"Kazarian","given":"Gregory"},{"family":"Kaidi","given":"Austin"},{"family":"Samuel","given":"Justin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/jcm13133731","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13133731","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4393216003","type":"article-journal","title":"Seasonal pumped hydropower storage role in responding to climate change impacts on the Brazilian electrical sector","abstract":"Since Brazil's major energy resources are renewable and directly related to climate factors, it is among the countries most likely of being affected by climate change. Given Brazil's high hydropower storage capacity and the strong seasonal patterns of its renewable resources, introducing Seasonal Pumped Hydropower Storage (SPHS) can help mitigate these challenges. To this end, a methodology is proposed that links the dynamic system-optimization model – MESSAGEix - to regional climate model simulations, called the Brazilian Electricity System MESSAGEix Model (BESMM). This model, with its detailed hydropower representation, is capable of integrating data from three climate change scenarios with the country's energy system. Climate change introduces a new dimension to this approach, as there is evidence of increasing the seasonal imbalance of variable renewable resources in Brazil. BESMM results suggest that SPHS can play a fundamental role in achieving a 100 % renewable matrix by 2100 in RCP 2.6 scenario, as well as enhancing the renewable energy endowment in scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. A reduction of up to 68 % of CO2 emissions is predicted in scenarios incorporating SPHS, compared to scenarios without SPHS.","author":[{"family":"Weber","given":"Natália"},{"family":"Hunt","given":"Julian"},{"family":"Zakeri","given":"Behnam"},{"family":"Schneider","given":"Paulo"},{"family":"Parente","given":"Fernando"},{"family":"Marques","given":"Augusto"},{"family":"Pereira","given":"Amaro"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.est.2024.111249","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.111249","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402516927","type":"article-journal","title":"Nanoalchemy: Unveiling the Power of Carbon Nanostructures and Carbon–Metal Nanocomposites in Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity","abstract":"Due to a rise in industrial pollutants in modern life, the climate and energy crisis have grown more widespread. One of the best ways to deal with dye degradation, hydrogen production, and carbon dioxide reduction issues is the photocatalytic technique. Among various methods, catalytic technology has demonstrated tremendous promise in recent years as a cheap, sustainable, and environmentally benign technology. The expeditious establishment of carbon-based metal nanoparticles as catalysts in the disciplines of materials and chemical engineering for catalytic applications triggered by visible light is largely attributed to their advancement. There have been many wonderful catalysts created, but there are still many obstacles to overcome, which include the cost of catalysts being reduced and their effectiveness being increased. Carbon-based materials exhibit a unique combination of characteristics that make them ideal catalysts for various reaction types. These characteristics include an exceptional electrical conductivity, well-defined structures at the nanoscale, inherent water repellency, and the ability to tailor surface properties for specific applications. This versatility allows them to be effective in diverse catalytic processes, encompassing organic transformations and photocatalysis. The emergence of carbon-based nanostructured materials, including fullerenes, carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphitic carbon nitride, and graphene, presents a promising alternative to conventional catalysts. This review focuses on the diverse functionalities of these materials within the realm of catalysis materials for degradation, hydrogen production, and carbon dioxide reduction. Additionally, it explores the potential for their commercialization, delving into the underlying mechanisms and key factors that influence their performance. It is anticipated that this review will spur more research to develop high-performance carbon-based materials for environmental applications.","author":[{"family":"Neelan","given":"Yalini"},{"family":"Bakthavatchalam","given":"Senthil"},{"family":"Mahalingam","given":"Shanmugam"},{"family":"Yoganand","given":"KS"},{"family":"Ramalingam","given":"Shunmuga"},{"family":"Rajendran","given":"Umamaheswari"},{"family":"Rajasekaran","given":"Ramu"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Tae‐youl"},{"family":"Kim","given":"Junghwan"},{"family":"Atchudan","given":"Raji"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/catal14090618","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14090618","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4400408183","type":"article-journal","title":"Global decarbonization potential of CO 2 mineralization in concrete materials","abstract":"CO 2 mineralization products are often heralded as having outstanding potentials to reduce CO 2 -eq. emissions. However, these claims are generally undermined by incomplete consideration of the life cycle climate change impacts, material properties, supply and demand constraints, and economic viability of CO 2 mineralization products. We investigate these factors in detail for ten concrete-related CO 2 mineralization products to quantify their individual and global CO 2 -eq. emissions reduction potentials. Our results show that in 2020, 3.9 Gt of carbonatable solid materials were generated globally, with the dominant material being end-of-life cement paste in concrete and mortar (1.4 Gt y –1 ). All ten of the CO 2 mineralization technologies investigated here reduce life cycle CO 2 -eq. emissions when used to substitute comparable conventional products. In 2020, the global CO 2 -eq. emissions reduction potential of economically competitive CO 2 mineralization technologies was 0.39 Gt CO 2 -eq., i.e., 15% of that from cement production. This level of CO 2 -eq. emissions reduction is limited by the supply of end-of-life cement paste. The results also show that it is 2 to 5 times cheaper to reduce CO 2 -eq. emissions by producing cement from carbonated end-of-life cement paste than carbon capture and storage (CCS), demonstrating its superior decarbonization potential. On the other hand, it is currently much more expensive to reduce CO 2 -eq. emissions using some CO 2 mineralization technologies, like carbonated normal weight aggregate production, than CCS. Technologies and policies that increase recovery of end-of-life cement paste from aged infrastructure are key to unlocking the potential of CO 2 mineralization in reducing the CO 2 -eq. footprint of concrete materials.","author":[{"family":"Driver","given":"Justin"},{"family":"Bernard","given":"Ellina"},{"family":"Patrizio","given":"Piera"},{"family":"Fennell","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Scrivener","given":"Karen"},{"family":"Myers","given":"Rupert"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1073/pnas.2313475121","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2313475121","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4400029653","type":"article-journal","title":"Remote sensing of depth-induced variations in soil organic carbon stocks distribution within different vegetated landscapes","abstract":"The preservation and augmentation of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks is critical to designing climate change mitigation strategies and alleviating global warming. However, due to the susceptibility of SOC stocks to environmental and topo-climatic variability and changes, it is essential to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the state of current SOC stocks both spatially and vertically. Consequently, to effectively assess SOC storage and sequestration capacity, precise evaluations at multiple soil depths are required. Hence, this study implemented an advanced Deep Neural Network (DNN) model incorporating Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data, topo-climatic features, and soil physical properties to predict SOC stocks at multiple depths (0-30cm, 30-60cm, 60-100cm, and 100-200cm) across diverse land-use categories in the KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. There was a general decline in the accuracy of the DNN model's prediction with increasing soil depth, with the root mean square error (RMSE) ranging from 8.34 t/h to 11.97 t/h for the four depths. These findings imply that the link between environmental covariates and SOC stocks weakens with soil depth. Additionally, distinct factors driving SOC stocks were discovered in both topsoil and deep-soil, with vegetation having the strongest effect in topsoil, and topo-climate factors and soil physical properties becoming more important as depth increases. This underscores the importance of incorporating depth-related soil properties in SOC modelling. Grasslands had the largest SOC stocks, while commercial forests have the highest SOC sequestration rates per unit area. This study offers valuable insights to policymakers and provides a basis for devising regional management strategies that can be used to effectively mitigate climate change.","author":[{"family":"Odebiri","given":"Omosalewa"},{"family":"Mutanga","given":"Onisimo"},{"family":"Odindi","given":"John"},{"family":"Slotow","given":"Rob"},{"family":"Mafongoya","given":"Paramu"},{"family":"Lottering","given":"Romano"},{"family":"Naicker","given":"Rowan"},{"family":"Matongera","given":"Trylee"},{"family":"Mngadi","given":"Mthembeni"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108216","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2024.108216","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4394853358","type":"article-journal","title":"Iron limitation of heterotrophic bacteria in the California Current System tracks relative availability of organic carbon and iron","abstract":"Iron is an essential nutrient for all microorganisms of the marine environment. Iron limitation of primary production has been well documented across a significant portion of the global surface ocean, but much less is known regarding the potential for iron limitation of the marine heterotrophic microbial community. In this work, we characterize the transcriptomic response of the heterotrophic bacterial community to iron additions in the California Current System, an eastern boundary upwelling system, to detect in situ iron stress of heterotrophic bacteria. Changes in gene expression in response to iron availability by heterotrophic bacteria were detected under conditions of high productivity when carbon limitation was relieved but when iron availability remained low. The ratio of particulate organic carbon to dissolved iron emerged as a biogeochemical proxy for iron limitation of heterotrophic bacteria in this system. Iron stress was characterized by high expression levels of iron transport pathways and decreased expression of iron-containing enzymes involved in carbon metabolism, where a majority of the heterotrophic bacterial iron requirement resides. Expression of iron stress biomarkers, as identified in the iron-addition experiments, was also detected insitu. These results suggest iron availability will impact the processing of organic matter by heterotrophic bacteria with potential consequences for the marine biological carbon pump.","author":[{"family":"Manck","given":"Lauren"},{"family":"Coale","given":"Tyler"},{"family":"Stephens","given":"Brandon"},{"family":"Forsch","given":"Kiefer"},{"family":"Aluwihare","given":"Lihini"},{"family":"Dupont","given":"Christopher"},{"family":"Allen","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Barbeau","given":"Katherine"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1093/ismejo/wrae061","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrae061","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402216094","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimizing sustainable development in arid river basins: A multi-objective approach to balancing water, energy, economy, carbon and ecology nexus","abstract":"The ongoing water crisis poses significant threats to the socioeconomic sustainability and ecological security of arid and semi-arid river basins. Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within a complex socio-ecological nexus requires effective and balanced resource management. However, due to the intricate interactions between human societies and environmental systems, the tradeoffs and synergies of different SDGs remain unclear, posing a substantial challenge for collaborative management of natural resources. Here we introduce a gray fractional multi-objective optimization (GFMOP) model to balance multi-dimensional SDGs through a novel water-energy-economy-carbon-ecology nexus perspective. The model was applied to a typical arid river basin in Northwest China, where thirty-two scenarios were explored, considering factors such as shared socioeconomic pathways, carbon removal rates, water conveyance efficiencies, and ecological requirements. The results reveal a strong tradeoff between marginal benefit and carbon emission intensity, indicating that improving the economic efficiency of water use can simultaneously reduce emissions and protect the environment. Given the immense power generation potential, wind power development should be prioritized in the future, with its share in the energy structure projected to increase to 23.3% by 2060. Furthermore, promoting carbon capture technologies and expanding grassland coverage are recommended to achieve regional carbon neutrality, contributing 39.5% and 49.1% to carbon absorption during 2021-2060, respectively. Compared with traditional single-objective models, GFMOP demonstrates a superiority in uncovering interrelationships among multiple SDGs and identifying compromised alternatives within the compound socio-ecological nexus. The model also provides detailed strategies for resource allocation and pollutant control, offering valuable guidance to policymakers and stakeholders in pursuing sustainable and harmonious watershed management.","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Yufei"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yongping"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Guohe"},{"family":"Ma","given":"Yuan"},{"family":"Zhou","given":"Yanxiao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100481","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ese.2024.100481","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4404024232","type":"article-journal","title":"A Review on Storage Process Models for Improving Water Quality Modeling in Rivers","abstract":"Water quality is intricately linked to the global water crisis since the availability of safe, clean water is essential for sustaining life and ensuring the well-being of communities worldwide. Pollutants such as industrial chemicals, agricultural runoff, and untreated sewage frequently enter rivers via surface runoff or direct discharges. This study provides an overview of the key mechanisms governing contaminant transport in rivers, with special attention to storage and hyporheic processes. The storage process conceptualizes a ubiquitous reactive boundary between the main channel (mobile zone) and its surrounding slower-flow areas (immobile zone). Research from the last five decades demonstrates the crucial role of storage and hyporheic zones in influencing solute residence time, nutrient cycling, and pollutant degradation. A review of solute transport models highlights significant advancements, including models like the transient storage model (TSM) and multirate mass transport (MRMT) model, which effectively capture complex storage zone dynamics and residence time distributions. However, more widely used models like the classical advection–dispersion equation (ADE) cannot hyporheic exchange, limiting their application in environments with significant storage contributions. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in accurately quantifying the relative contributions of storage zones to solute transport and degradation, especially in smaller streams dominated by hyporheic exchange. Future research should integrate detailed field observations with advanced numerical models to address these gaps and improve water quality predictions across diverse river systems.","author":[{"family":"Saadat","given":"Amir"},{"family":"Emami","given":"Sajad"},{"family":"Hamidifar","given":"Hossein"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/hydrology11110187","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology11110187","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4392088781","type":"article-journal","title":"Non-volatile rippled-assisted optoelectronic array for all-day motion detection and recognition","abstract":"Abstract In-sensor processing has the potential to reduce the energy consumption and hardware complexity of motion detection and recognition. However, the state-of-the-art all-in-one array integration technologies with simultaneous broadband spectrum image capture (sensory), image memory (storage) and image processing (computation) functions are still insufficient. Here, macroscale (2 × 2 mm 2 ) integration of a rippled-assisted optoelectronic array (18 × 18 pixels) for all-day motion detection and recognition. The rippled-assisted optoelectronic array exhibits remarkable uniformity in the memory window, optically stimulated non-volatile positive and negative photoconductance. Importantly, the array achieves an extensive optical storage dynamic range exceeding 10 6 , and exceptionally high room-temperature mobility up to 406.7 cm 2 V −1 s −1 , four times higher than the International Roadmap for Device and Systems 2028 target. Additionally, the spectral range of each rippled-assisted optoelectronic processor covers visible to near-infrared (405 nm–940 nm), achieving function of motion detection and recognition.","author":[{"family":"Pang","given":"Xingchen"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yang"},{"family":"Zhu","given":"Yuyan"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhenhan"},{"family":"Xiang","given":"Du"},{"family":"Ge","given":"Xun"},{"family":"Wu","given":"Haoqi"},{"family":"Jiang","given":"Yongbo"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Zizheng"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Xiaoxian"},{"family":"Liu","given":"Chunsen"},{"family":"Hu","given":"Weida"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1038/s41467-024-46050-z","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46050-z","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4391825149","type":"article-journal","title":"Synthesizing covalent organic frameworks for unprecedented iodine capture performance","abstract":"Nuclear energy continues to be an important supplier of electricity, but it has problems with waste management and the possibility to leak radioactive material. Iodine, a potentially harmful byproduct of uranium fission, is hazardous to both the environment and human health. Therefore, developing safe, effective, and affordable storage facilities for iodine waste is crucial. Owing to their well-controlled pore structure and substantial certain surface area, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) show promise for the adsorption of radioactive iodine. The newly developed COFs (SJ-COF, YA-COF, and AA-COF) shown amazing properties, including strong thermal and chemical stability, which made them ideal for efficient iodine capture. Notably, the ultrahigh iodine capture capacities of these COFs—8.52 g g −1 , 8.12 g g −1 and 7.01 g g −1 —were significantly greater than most previously reported materials. And The % removal efficiency for SJ-COF, YA-COF and AA-COF from I 2 /cyclohexane solutions were 87.9 %, 88.6% and 82.6 % respectively. It is noteworthy that the three COFs have high selectivity, reusability, and iodine retention abilities, maintaining iodine even after five recyclings. Based on the outcomes of the experiments, the adsorption processes of the three COFs were examined, and it was discovered that iodine was bound through physical-chemical adsorption. The findings of our work provide a ground-breaking standard for the removal of nuclear waste and demonstrate the enormous potential of COFs as adaptable porous structures that may be specifically designed to address major environmental concerns.","author":[{"family":"Alneyadi","given":"Shaikha"},{"family":"Alhassani","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Aleissaee","given":"Ali"},{"family":"Khalaf","given":"Abdullah"},{"family":"Alteneij","given":"Abdulrahman"},{"family":"Alyaarbi","given":"Yaser"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25921","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25921","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4404084876","type":"article-journal","title":"Solar Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station With Integrated Battery Storage System","abstract":"ABSTRACT The shift towards electrical vehicles (EVs) can be an important alternative to internal combustion engines for sustainable energy solutions. However, increased EV adoption will increase the charging demand, and there will be a load on the grid electricity. Integrating solar photovoltaic systems with EV charging infrastructure will not only support environmental goals, but also ensure a more resilient and self‐sufficient energy system. A standalone PV system is a good option to reduce the stress on the grid for charging EVs. This present work pivots on the design and performance assessment of a solar photovoltaic system customized for an electric vehicle charging station in Bangalore, India. For this purpose, we have used the PVsyst software to design and optimize a standalone PV system with battery energy storage for EV charging stations. The result shows that 51.1 kWp PV system will be sufficient to meet the energy demand of the charging station by producing 98 313 kWh array energy. The proposed system showed a good average performance ratio of 68.90%. This study shows that the integration of standalone solar photovoltaic systems with EV charging stations is crucial in India and other countries to alleviate grid stress and promote sustainable energy use. This approach not only supports the transition to cleaner transportation but also enhances energy security and reduces dependency on fossil fuels.","author":[{"family":"Shukla","given":"Aradhana"},{"family":"Shukla","given":"HS"},{"family":"Yadav","given":"Satish"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Jyotsna"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Rajendra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/est2.70077","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70077","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4396596962","type":"article-journal","title":"The Role of Flexibility in the Integrated Operation of Low-Carbon Gas and Electricity Systems: A Review","abstract":"The integration of gas and electricity networks has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the overall flexibility of energy systems. As the transition toward sustainable and decarbonized energy sources accelerates, the seamless coordination between electricity and gas infrastructure becomes increasingly crucial. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art research and developments concerning the flexibility in the operation of low-carbon integrated gas and electricity networks (IGENs) as part of the whole system approach. Methods and solutions to provide and improve flexibility in the mentioned systems are studied and categorized. Flexibility is the system’s ability to deal with changes and uncertainties in the network while maintaining an acceptable level of reliability. The presented review underscores the significance of this convergence in facilitating demand-side management, renewable energy integration, and overall system resilience. By highlighting the technical, economic, and regulatory aspects of such integration, this paper aims to guide researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders toward effective decision-making and the formulation of comprehensive strategies that align with the decarbonization of energy systems.","author":[{"family":"Amiri","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Ameli","given":"Mohammad"},{"family":"Štrbac","given":"Goran"},{"family":"Pudjianto","given":"Danny"},{"family":"Ameli","given":"Hossein"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en17092187","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17092187","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4392346160","type":"article-journal","title":"Experimental kinetics and thermodynamics investigation: Chemically activated carbon-enriched monolithic reduced graphene oxide for efficient CO2 capture","abstract":"In this research, we have developed solid MGOs by self-assembled reduction process of GO at 90 °C with different weight ratios of oxalic acid (1:1, 1:0.500, and 1:0.250). The as-synthesized monoliths were carbonized (at 600 °C) and chemically activated with varying proportions of NaOH (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3). This materials offer the CO2 adsorption effect under dynamic conditions, fast mass transfer, easy handling, and outstanding stability throughout the adsorption-desorption cycle. FE-SEM, and HR-TEM analyses confirmed the porous nature and shape of the adsorbents, while XPS examination revealed the presence of distinct functional groups on the surface of the monolith. By increasing the mass ratios (MGO:NaOH) from 1:1 to 1:2, the surface areas increased by approximately 2.6 times, ranging from 520.8 to 753.9 m2 g⁻1 (surface area of the untreated MGO was 289.2 m2 g⁻1). Consequently, this resulted in a notable enhancement of 2.10 mmol g⁻1 in dynamic CO2 capture capacity. The assessment encompassed the evaluation of production yield, selectivity, regenerability, kinetics, equilibrium isotherm, and isosteric temperatures of adsorption (Qst). The decrease in CO2 capture effectiveness with rising adsorption temperature indicated an exothermic and physisorption process. The regenerability of 99.1 % at 100 °C and excellent cyclic stability with efficient CO2 adsorption make this monolithic adsorbent appropriate for post-combustion CO2 capture. The significant Qst lend support to the heterogeneity of the adsorbent's surface, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model along with the Freundlich isotherm model emerged as the most fitting. Therefore, the current investigation shows that the carbon-enriched adsorbents enhance the CO2 adsorption capacity. It may be used as a low-cost pretreatment method on an industrial scale before carbon capture.","author":[{"family":"Jha","given":"Ranjeet"},{"family":"Bhunia","given":"Haripada"},{"family":"Basu","given":"Soumen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27439","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27439","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4403605351","type":"article-journal","title":"A Machine Learning Assisted Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Biosensor to Detect Urea Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Functionalized with Copper Oxide Micro-Flowers","abstract":"Detecting urea is crucial for diagnosing related health conditions and ensuring timely medical intervention. The addition of machine learning (ML) technologies has completely changed the field of biochemical sensing, providing enhanced accuracy and reliability. In the present work, an ML-assisted screen-printed, flexible, electrochemical, non-enzymatic biosensor was proposed to quantify urea concentrations. For the detection of urea, the biosensor was modified with a multi-walled carbon nanotube-zinc oxide (MWCNT-ZnO) nanocomposite functionalized with copper oxide (CuO) micro-flowers (MFs). Further, the CuO-MFs were synthesized using a standard sol-gel approach, and the obtained particles were subjected to various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The sensor’s performance for urea detection was evaluated by assessing the dependence of peak currents on analyte concentration using cyclic voltammetry (CV) at different scan rates of 50, 75, and 100 mV/s. The designed non-enzymatic biosensor showed an acceptable linear range of operation of 0.5–8 mM, and the limit of detection (LoD) observed was 78.479 nM, which is well aligned with the urea concentration found in human blood and exhibits a good sensitivity of 117.98 mA mM−1 cm−2. Additionally, different regression-based ML models were applied to determine CV parameters to predict urea concentrations experimentally. ML significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of screen-printed biosensors, enabling accurate predictions of urea levels. Finally, the combination of ML and biosensor design emphasizes not only the high sensitivity and accuracy of the sensor but also its potential for complex non-enzymatic urea detection applications. Future advancements in accurate biochemical sensing technologies are made possible by this strong and dependable methodology.","author":[{"family":"Zalke","given":"Jitendra"},{"family":"Bhaiyya","given":"Manish"},{"family":"Jain","given":"Pooja"},{"family":"Sakharkar","given":"Devashree"},{"family":"Kalambe","given":"Jayu"},{"family":"Narkhede","given":"Nitin"},{"family":"Thakre","given":"Mangesh"},{"family":"Rotake","given":"Dinesh"},{"family":"Kulkarni","given":"Madhusudan"},{"family":"Singh","given":"Shiv"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/bios14100504","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14100504","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4402760253","type":"article-journal","title":"Dynamic Reconstruction of Yttrium Oxide‐Stabilized Cobalt‐Loaded Carbon‐Based Catalysts During Thermal Ammonia Decomposition","abstract":"Abstract Hydrogen production from the decomposition of ammonia is considered an effective approach for addressing challenges associated with hydrogen storage and transportation. However, their relatively high energy consumption and low efficiency hinder practical multi‐scenario applications. In this study, Y 2 O 3 ‐stabilized catalysts with Co‐loaded onto porous nitrogen‐doped carbon (Y 2 O 3 –Co/NC) are synthesized by pyrolysis of Y(NO 3 ) 3 ‐modified ZIF‐67 under an inert atmosphere, followed by annealing in a reducing environment. The introduction of Y 2 O 3 enhanced the recombination and desorption of N atoms and facilitated the gradual dehydrogenation of NH x on the catalyst surface, resulting in improved catalytic activity for the thermal decomposition of ammonia. Benefitting from the electron‐donating properties of Y 2 O 3 and N‐doped carbon, the optimized catalyst achieved a remarkable NH 3 conversion efficiency of 92.3% at a high gas hourly space velocity of 20 000 cm 3 ··h −1 with an encouraging H 2 production rate of 20.6 mmol··min −1 at 550 °C. Moreover, the synthesized catalyst undergoes a fast‐dynamic reconstruction process, resulting in exceptionally stable catalytic activity during the thermal decomposition of ammonia, rendering it a promising candidate for carbon‐free energy thermocatalytic conversion technology.","author":[{"family":"Zhu","given":"Yilin"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Hongfei"},{"family":"Li","given":"Qi"},{"family":"Huang","given":"Xiege"},{"family":"Xi","given":"Wei"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Haibo"},{"family":"Tu","given":"Wenmao"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Shihao"},{"family":"Tang","given":"Haolin"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Haining"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202406659","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202406659","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4401112726","type":"article-journal","title":"Strategic Siting of Direct Air Capture Facilities in the United States","abstract":"Direct air capture (DAC) systems that capture carbon dioxide (CO2) directly from the atmosphere are garnering considerable attention for their potential role as negative emission technologies in achieving net-zero CO2 emission goals. Common DAC technologies are based either on liquid–solvent (L-DAC) or solid–sorbent (S-DAC) to capture CO2. A comprehensive multi-factor comparative economic analysis of the deployment of L-DAC and S-DAC facilities across various United States (U.S.) cities is presented in this paper. The analysis considers the influence of various factors on the favorability of DAC deployment, including local climatic conditions such as temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentrations; the availability of energy sources to power the DAC system; and costs for the transport and storage of the captured CO2 along with the consideration of the regional market and policy drivers. The deployment analysis in over 70 continental U.S. cities shows that L-DAC and S-DAC complement each other spatially, as their performance and operational costs vary in different climates. L-DAC is more suited to the hot, humid Southeast, while S-DAC is preferrable in the colder, drier Rocky Mountain region. Strategic deployment based on regional conditions and economics is essential for promoting the commercial adoptability of DAC, which is a critical technology to meet the CO2 reduction targets.","author":[{"family":"Boerst","given":"Jason"},{"family":"Cabra","given":"Ivonne"},{"family":"Sharma","given":"Smriti"},{"family":"Zaremsky","given":"Connie"},{"family":"Iyengar","given":"Arun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en17153755","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17153755","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4396531210","type":"article-journal","title":"Three-phase equilibria of hydrates from computer simulation. II. Finite-size effects in the carbon dioxide hydrate","abstract":"In this work, the effects of finite size on the determination of the three-phase coexistence temperature (T3) of the carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrate have been studied by molecular dynamic simulations and using the direct coexistence technique. According to this technique, the three phases involved (hydrate-aqueous solution-liquid CO2) are placed together in the same simulation box. By varying the number of molecules of each phase, it is possible to analyze the effect of simulation size and stoichiometry on the T3 determination. In this work, we have determined the T3 value at 8 different pressures (from 100 to 6000 bar) and using 6 different simulation boxes with different numbers of molecules and sizes. In two of these configurations, the ratio of the number of water and CO2 molecules in the aqueous solution and the liquid CO2 phase is the same as in the hydrate (stoichiometric configuration). In both stoichiometric configurations, the formation of a liquid drop of CO2 in the aqueous phase is observed. This drop, which has a cylindrical geometry, increases the amount of CO2 available in the aqueous solution and can in some cases lead to the crystallization of the hydrate at temperatures above T3, overestimating the T3 value obtained from direct coexistence simulations. The simulation results obtained for the CO2 hydrate confirm the sensitivity of T3 depending on the size and composition of the system, explaining the discrepancies observed in the original work by Míguez et al. [J. Chem Phys. 142, 124505 (2015)]. Non-stoichiometric configurations with larger unit cells show a convergence of T3 values, suggesting that finite-size effects for these system sizes, regardless of drop formation, can be safely neglected. The results obtained in this work highlight that the choice of a correct initial configuration is essential to accurately estimate the three-phase coexistence temperature of hydrates by direct coexistence simulations.","author":[{"family":"Algaba","given":"Jesús"},{"family":"Blazquez","given":"S"},{"family":"Feria","given":"Erlan"},{"family":"Mıguez","given":"José"},{"family":"Conde","given":"MM"},{"family":"Blas","given":"Felipe"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1063/5.0201306","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0201306","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4396831372","type":"article-journal","title":"Self‐Adaptive Graphdiyne/Sn Interface for High‐Performance Sodium Storage","abstract":"Abstract Efficiently reconciling the substantial volume strain with maintaining the stabilities of both interfacial protection and three‐dimensional (3D) conductive networks is a scientific and technical challenge in developing tin‐based anodes for sodium ion storage. To address this issue, a proof‐of‐concept self‐adaptive protection for the Sn anode is designed, taking advantage of the arbitrary substrate growth of graphdiyne. This protective layer, employing a flexible chain doping strategy, combines the benefits of 2D graphdiyne and linear chain structures to achieve 2D mechanical stability, electronic and ion conductions, ion selectivity, adequate elongation, and flexibility. It establishes close contact with the Sn particles and can adapt to dynamic size changes while effectively facilitating both electronic and ion transports. It successfully mitigates the detrimental effects of particle pulverization and coarsening induced by large‐volume changes. The as‐obtained Sn electrodes demonstrate exceptional stability, enduring 1800 cycles at a high current density of 2.5 A g−1. This strategy promises to address the general issues associated with large‐strain electrodes in next‐generation of high‐energy‐density batteries.","author":[{"family":"Cheng","given":"Shujin"},{"family":"Zuo","given":"Zicheng"},{"family":"Li","given":"Yuliang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/advs.202401240","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202401240","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4390230202","type":"article-journal","title":"Stable Supercapacitors Based on Activated Carbon Prepared from Italian Orange Juice","abstract":"The development of efficient energy storage systems is critical in the transition towards sustainable energy solutions. In this context, the present work investigates the viability of using orange juice, as a promising and sustainable precursor, for the synthesis of activated carbon electrodes for supercapacitor technologies. Through the carbonization-activation process and controlling the preparation parameters (KOH ratio and activation time), we have tailored the specific surface area (SSA) and pore size distribution (PSD) of the resulting carbon materials—crucial parameters that support supercapacitive performance. Several spectroscopic, morphological, and electrochemical techniques are used to characterize the obtained carbon materials. In particular, our optimization efforts revealed that a 5:1 KOH ratio with an activation time up to 120 min produced the highest SSA of about 2203 m2/g. Employing these optimal conditions, we fabricated symmetric coin cell supercapacitors using Na2SO4 as the electrolyte, which exhibited interesting specific capacitance (~56 F/g). Durability testing over 5000 cycles sustained the durability of the as-made activated carbon electrodes, suggesting an excellent retention of specific capacitance. This study not only advances the field of energy storage by introducing a renewable material for electrode fabrication but also contributes to the broader goal of waste reduction through the repurposing of food byproducts.","author":[{"family":"Scarcello","given":"Andrea"},{"family":"Alessandro","given":"Francesca"},{"family":"Salazar","given":"Yolenny"},{"family":"Polanco","given":"Melvin"},{"family":"Gómez","given":"Cristian"},{"family":"Tene","given":"Talía"},{"family":"Guevara","given":"Marco"},{"family":"Bellucci","given":"Stefano"},{"family":"Straface","given":"Salvatore"},{"family":"Caputi","given":"Lorenzo"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.3390/nano14010071","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14010071","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4390470604","type":"article-journal","title":"The Potential of Green Hydrogen and Power-to-X Utilization in Jordanian Industries: Opportunities and Future Prospects","abstract":"Green hydrogen and power-to-X technologies hold significant potential in the global energy transition towards net-zero emissions. This is attributed to the premise that these technologies can decarbonize numerous sectors worldwide by providing versatile and sustainable energy carriers and industrial feedstocks to replace fossil-based fuels and chemicals. To this end, the qualitative benefits of green hydrogen and power-to-X technologies have been thoroughly examined for various applications in past years. In contrast, quantifying the potential penetration of such technologies on national and global levels still requires extensive research. Therefore, this paper investigates the prospective integration of green hydrogen and power-to-X technologies within Jordanian industries, considering their quantitative utilization potential for current and future capacities. The findings showed that the Jordanian food processing and heavy industries emerged as major sectors with substantial potential for incorporating green hydrogen and power-to-X products as alternative fuels or chemical feedstocks. In detail, the total potential utilization capacity for these sectors stood at around 57 thousand tons per year. Specifically, fertilizers production, cement industry, steel reforming, and oil refinery possess an annual potential capacity of around 6.8, 11.8, 12.7, and 25.8 thousand tons, respectively. It is also worth mentioning that the current utilization capacity of hydrogen in Jordanian industries was found to be around 8.9 thousand tons per annum, which is completely covered by fossil-based hydrogen to date. These results imply that there will be a promising market for green hydrogen and power-to-X utilization in Jordanian industries, which will play a significant role in integrated energy transition efforts in the future.","author":[{"family":"Muhsen","given":"Hani"},{"family":"Almahmodi","given":"Mohammed"},{"family":"Tarawneh","given":"Rashed"},{"family":"Alkhraibat","given":"Asma"},{"family":"Al-Halhouli","given":"Ala‘aldeen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.3390/en17010213","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en17010213","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4395662741","type":"article-journal","title":"Optimization of Integrated Energy System Considering Electricity and Hydrogen Coordination in the Context of Carbon Trading","abstract":"In order to improve the consumption of renewable energy and reduce the carbon emissions of integrated energy systems (IESs), this paper proposes an optimal operation strategy for an integrated energy system considering the coordination of electricity and hydrogen in the context of carbon trading. The strategy makes full use of the traditional power-to-gas hydrogen production process and establishes a coupling model comprising cogeneration and carbon capture equipment, an electrolytic cell, a methane reactor, and a hydrogen fuel cell. Taking a minimum daily operating cost and minimal carbon emissions from the system as objective functions, a mixed-integer nonlinear optimal scheduling model is established. This paper designs examples based on MATLAB R2021b and uses the GUROBI solver to solve them. The results show that compared with the traditional two-stage operation process, the optimization method can reduce the daily operation cost of an IES by 26.01% and its carbon emissions by 90.32%. The results show that the operation mode of electro-hydrogen synergy can significantly reduce the carbon emissions of the system and realize a two-way flow of electro-hydrogen energy. At the same time, the addition of carbon capture equipment and the realization of carbon recycling prove the scheduling strategy’s ability to achieve a low-carbon economy of the scheduling strategy.","author":[{"family":"Li","given":"Xiaofeng"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Bing"},{"family":"Pan","given":"Duoyu"},{"family":"Xiong","given":"Yu"},{"family":"Che","given":"Yanling"},{"family":"Lei","given":"Qianye"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Lijia"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Baofeng"},{"family":"Lü","given":"Hao"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.3390/pr12050873","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12050873","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4401063825","type":"article-journal","title":"Computational Simulations of Metal–Organic Frameworks to Enhance Adsorption Applications","abstract":"Abstract Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), renowned for their exceptional porosity and crystalline structure, stand at the forefront of gas adsorption and separation applications. Shortly after their discovery through experimental synthesis, computational simulations quickly become an important method in broadening the use of MOFs by offering deep insights into their structural, functional, and performance properties. This review specifically addresses the pivotal role of molecular simulations in enlarging the molecular understanding of MOFs and enhancing their applications, particularly for gas adsorption. After reviewing the historical development and implementation of molecular simulation methods in the field of MOFs, high‐throughput computational screening (HTCS) studies used to unlock the potential of MOFs in CO 2 capture, CH 4 storage, H 2 storage, and water harvesting are visited and recent advancements in these adsorption applications are highlighted. The transformative impact of integrating artificial intelligence with HTCS on the prediction of MOFs’ performance and directing the experimental efforts on promising materials is addressed. An outlook on current opportunities and challenges in the field to accelerate the adsorption applications of MOFs is finally provided.","author":[{"family":"Daglar","given":"Hilal"},{"family":"Gülbalkan","given":"Hasan"},{"family":"Aksu","given":"Gokhan"},{"family":"Keskın","given":"Seda"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1002/adma.202405532","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202405532","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4389384617","type":"article-journal","title":"MnF2 Surface Modulated Hollow Carbon Nanorods on Porous Carbon Nanofibers as Efficient Bi‐Functional Oxygen Catalysis for Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries","abstract":"Abstract Developing highly efficient bi‐functional noble‐metal‐free oxygen electrocatalysts with low‐cost and scalable synthesis approach is challenging for zinc–air batteries (ZABs). Due to the flexible valence state of manganese, MnF2 is expected to provide efficient OER. However, its insulating properties may inhibit its OER process to a certain degree. Herein, during the process of converting the manganese source in the precursor of porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs) to manganese fluoride, the manganese source is changed to manganese acetate, which allows PCNFs to grow a large number of hollow carbon nanorods (HCNRs). Meanwhile, manganese fluoride will transform from the aggregation state into uniformly dispersed MnF2 nanodots, thereby achieving highly efficient OER catalytic activity. Furthermore, the intrinsic ORR catalytic activity of the HCNRs/MnF2@PCNFs can be enhanced due to the charge modulation effect of MnF2 nanodots inside HCNR. In addition, the HCNRs stretched toward the liquid electrolyte can increase the capture capacity of dissolved oxygen and protect the inner MnF2, thereby enhancing the stability of HCNRs/MnF2@PCNFs for the oxygen electrocatalytic process. MnF2 surface‐modulated HCNRs can strongly enhance ORR activity, and the uniformly dispersed MnF2 can also provide higher OER activity. Thus, the prepared HCNRs/MnF2@PCNFs obtain efficient bifunctional oxygen catalytic ability and high‐performance rechargeable ZABs.","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Gang"},{"family":"Chi","given":"Hao"},{"family":"Yang","given":"Feng"},{"family":"Fan","given":"Jie"},{"family":"Deng","given":"Nanping"},{"family":"Kang","given":"Weimin"},{"family":"Cheng","given":"Bowen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1002/smll.202306367","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202306367","source":"openalex"},{"id":"oa:W4405798692","type":"article-journal","title":"Integrated Three-Dimensional Structural and Petrophysical Modeling for Assessment of CO2 Storage Potential in Gas Reservoir","abstract":"Abstract Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage in oil and gas reservoirs is one of the most effective methods for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery efficiency and mitigating climate change by securely storing CO2. However, building a realistic three-dimensional (3D) geological model for these storage reservoirs poses a significant challenge. To address this, employing a novel methodology combining 3D structural and petrophysical modeling, our study presents a pioneering effort to assess the CO2 storage potential of the faulted reservoir between the G- and E-sands of the Lower Goru Formation in the Kadanwari Gas Field (KGF), Middle Indus Basin (MIB), Pakistan. Analysis of seismic data revealed a complex reservoirs structure affected by normal faults oriented in a northwest–southeast direction. These faults partition the reservoir into several compartments and could serve as potential pathways for CO2 migration. Three-dimensional structural modeling unveiled complex features, for example horsts, grabens, and half-grabens, formed through multiple deformation stages. Petrophysical modeling indicated promising reservoir characteristics, that is high porosity and permeability in the desired zone. Three-dimensional property models were generated using sequential Gaussian simulation to represent the distribution of petrophysical properties, for example porosity, permeability, shale volume, and water saturation. Geological uncertainties were incorporated enabling the calculation of pore volume distribution and corresponding uncertainty. A novel technique was developed to assess the probable CO2 storage potential in the KGF, considering its distinctive features. The study revealed a storage potential ranging from 10.13 million tons (P10) to 101.54 million tons (P90), with an average potential of 53.58 million tons (P50). Our study offers a comprehensive approach to evaluating CO2 storage potential in complex geological zones, filling a knowledge gap in existing literature on carbon neutrality efforts in Pakistan. These findings lay the groundwork for future initiatives in geological CO2 storage in the MIB and support the country’s efforts to reduce carbon emissions.","author":[{"family":"Shah","given":"Syed"},{"family":"Jiang-Feng","given":"Du"},{"family":"Iqbal","given":"Sayed"},{"family":"Du","given":"Linze"},{"family":"Khan","given":"Umair"},{"family":"Zhang","given":"Baoyi"},{"family":"Tan","given":"Jingqiang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.2113/2024/lithosphere_2024_222","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2113/2024/lithosphere_2024_222","source":"openalex"}]