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Identifying genetic risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an important research topic. To date, different endophenotypes such as imaging-derived endophenotypes and proteomic expression-derived endophenotypes have shown the great value in uncovering risk…
preprints
2022
置信度 0.74
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The study of neurodegenerative processes in the human brain requires a comprehensive understanding of cytoarchitectonic, myeloarchitectonic, and vascular structures. Recent computational advances have enabled volumetric reconstruction of the human brain using …
preprints
2023
置信度 0.74
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In vivo imaging has been widely used for investigating the structure and function of neurons typically located within ~800 μm below the cortical surface. Due to light scattering and absorption, it has been difficult to perform in-vivo imaging of neurons in dee…
preprints
2022
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the association between brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) related traits is causal. DESIGN Two sample, bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. SETTING Genome wide association study …
preprints
2022
置信度 0.74
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Increasing evidence of brain-immune crosstalk raises expectations for the efficacy of novel immunotherapies in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the lack of methods to understand brain tissues make it difficult to examine therapeutics. Here, we investigated the ch…
preprints
2023
置信度 0.74
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Background: Suicide is a devastating and major medical and social problem, and effective management of depression with suicidal ideation (DWSI) is of significant importance in reducing suicide rates. Acupuncture has been less studied in DWSI, and its central m…
preprints
2023
置信度 0.74
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Receptors, transporters and ion channels are important targets for therapy development in neurological diseases including Alzheimeŕs disease, Parkinsońs disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia and major depression. Several receptors and ion channels identified by nex…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Psychiatric disorders are highly heritable and polygenic, and many have their peak onset in late childhood and adolescence, a period of tremendous changes. Although the neurodevelopmental antecedents of mental illness are widely acknowledged, research in youth…
preprints
2022
置信度 0.74
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As low-field MRI technology is being disseminated into clinical settings around the world, it is important to assess the image quality required to properly diagnose and treat a given disease and evaluate the role of machine learning algorithms, such as deep le…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Purpose To demonstrate the advantages of spatiotemporal magnetic field monitoring to correct eddy current-induced artifacts (ghosting and geometric distortions) in high gradient strength diffusion MRI (dMRI). Methods A dynamic field camera with 16 NMR field pr…
preprints
2023
置信度 0.74
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Identifying blood-based signatures of brain health and preclinical pathology may offer insights into early disease mechanisms and highlight avenues for intervention. Here, we systematically profiled associations between blood metabolites and whole-brain volume…
preprints
2022
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT To date, few advanced machine learning models have been developed for investigating the associations between features from brain imaging and individual Alzheimer’s disease (AD) related cognitive functional changes. Additionally, how these associations…
preprints
2022
置信度 0.74
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-invasive MRI technique, allowing quantitative measurement of cerebral perfusion. Incomplete or inaccurate reporting of acquisition parameters complicates quantification, analysis, and sharing of ASL data, particularly for …
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT Proper animal conditioning is a key factor in the quality and success of preclinical neuroimaging applications. We introduce an open-source easy-to-modify multi-modal 3D printable design for rodent conditioning for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or …
preprints
2022
置信度 0.74
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UK Biobank is a major prospective epidemiological study that is carrying out detailed multimodal brain imaging on 100,000 participants, and includes genetics and ongoing health outcomes. As a step forwards in understanding genetic influence on brain structure …
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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The advent of simultaneously collected imaging-genetics data in large study cohorts provides an unprecedented opportunity to assess the causal effect of brain imaging traits on externally measured experimental results (e.g., cognitive tests) by treating geneti…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Background Chronic breathlessness in COPD is effectively treated with pulmonary rehabilitation. However, baseline patient characteristics predicting improvements in breathlessness are unknown. This knowledge may provide better understanding of the mechanisms e…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Background: Beyond detecting brain lesions or tumors, comparatively little success has been attained in identifying brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Many machine learning algorithms to detect AD have …
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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A key aim in epidemiological neuroscience is identification of markers to assess brain health and monitor therapeutic interventions. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is an emerging MRI technique that measures tissue magnetic susceptibility and has bee…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Introduction paragraph In-vivo optical imaging with diffraction-limited resolution deep inside scattering biological tissues is obtained by non-linear fluorescence microscopy 1 . Active compensation of tissue-induced aberrations and light scattering through ad…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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The Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) established community consensus on the organization of data and metadata for several neuroimaging modalities. Traditionally, BIDS had a strong focus on functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets and lacked guid…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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The linear mixed-effects model (LME) is a versatile approach to account for dependence among observations. Many large-scale neuroimaging datasets with complex designs have increased the need for LME, however LME has seldom been used in whole-brain imaging anal…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT The Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) is a standard for organizing and describing neuroimaging datasets. It serves not only to facilitate the process of data sharing and aggregation, but also to simplify the application and development of new method…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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The purpose of this study was to compare the image quality of the single-slab, 3D T2-weighted turbo-spin-eco sequence with high sampling efficiency (SPACE) with accelerated SPACE using compressed sensing (CS-SPACE) in paediatric brain imaging. A total of 116 b…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Neuroimaging allows for the non-invasive study of the brain in rich detail. Data-driven discovery of patterns of population variability in the brain has the potential to be extremely valuable for early disease diagnosis and understanding the brain. The resulti…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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Background: The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), and its functional interactive profile with the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is associated with transcr…
preprints
2023
置信度 0.74
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Dealing with confounds is an essential step in large cohort studies to address problems such as unexplained variance and spurious correlations. UK Biobank is a powerful resource for studying associations between imaging and nonimaging measures such as lifestyl…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT Importance Executive function impairments are highly prevalent post-stroke and are a feature of vascular dementia. Computed tomography (CT) neuroimaging is routinely acquired in clinical settings. Therefore, determining the prognostic utility of CT-de…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Abstract High-speed high-resolution imaging of the whole-brain hemodynamics is urgently needed to facilitate the next level of neurovascular research. Image acquisition speed and image quality are crucial to visualizing real-time hemodynamics in complex brain …
preprints
2022
置信度 0.74
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Robust estimation of the number, location, and activity of multiple correlated brain sources has long been a challenging task in electromagnetic brain imaging from M/EEG data, one that is significantly impacted by interference from spontaneous brain activity, …
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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Optical microscopy has enabled in vivo monitoring of brain structures and functions with high spatial resolution. However, the strong optical scattering in turbid brain tissue and skull impedes the observation of microvasculature and neuronal structures at a l…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT Significance Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy is a powerful technique for high-speed volumetric functional imaging. However, in typical light-sheet microscopes, the illumination and collection optics impose significant constraints upon the imaging …
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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The ingenious construction of electron donor-acceptor (D-A) system has been proven to be the major trend for novel advanced-performance optoelectronic materials. However, the related development is undiversified and become stereotyped in recent years, and the …
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT Three-dimensional (3D) cellular scale imaging techniques that improve our understanding of the brain architecture is crucial for structural and functional integration and analysis of normal and pathological conditions in the brain. We have developed a…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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Suicide is among the leading causes of death in youth worldwide. Early identification of children with high risk for suicide is key to effective screening and prevention strategies. Brain imaging can show functional or structural abnormalities related to youth…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Several studies have investigated how abstract and concrete concepts are processed in the brain, but data are controversial, in particular neuroimaging data contrast with clinical neuropsychological observations. A possible explanation could be that previous m…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Brain-imaging research on intentional decision-making often employs a “free-choice” paradigm, in which participants choose among options with identical values or outcomes. Although the medial prefrontal cortex has commonly been associated with choices, there i…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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Dimension reduction is widely used and often necessary to reduce high dimensional data to a small number of underlying variables, making subsequent analyses and their interpretation tractable. One popular technique is Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), used by…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to damage multiple organs, including the brain. Multiorgan MRI can provide further insight on the repercussions of COVID-19 on organ health but requires a balance between richness and quality of data acquisition and…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT The current study aimed to identify the key neurobiology of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), as it relates to ADHD diagnostic category and symptoms of hyperactive/impulsive behavior and inattention. To do so, we adapted a predictive mo…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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In order to improve the utilization rate of brain imaging big data and solve the fusion problem of multi-source and heterogeneous brain imaging big data, an improved brain imaging big data ant colony optimization algorithm (BigDataACO) is proposed to complete …
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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The multiple testing problem arises not only when there are many voxels or vertices in an image representation of the brain, but also when multiple contrasts of parameter estimates (that is, hypotheses) are tested in the same general linear model. Here we argu…
preprints
2019
置信度 0.74
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Many fundamental questions on addiction development are still unanswered. These questions are frequently difficult to address by examining a single brain structure, but can best be addressed at the systems level. Neurons create functional networks that change …
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent neurodegenerative disease with an increasing prevalence in industrialized, ageing populations. AD susceptibility has an established genetic basis which has been the focus of a large number of genome-wide associatio…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Multi-photon microscopy has become a powerful tool to visualize the morphology and function of neural cells and circuits in the intact mammalian brain. Yet, tissue scattering, optical aberrations, and motion artifacts degrade the achievable image quality with …
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Accurate individual functional mapping of task activations is a potential tool for biomarker discovery and is critically important for clinical care. While structural imaging does not directly map task activation, we hypothesized that structural imaging contai…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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Significance The exponential growth of research utilizing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) systems has led to the emergence of modular fNIRS systems composed of repeating optical source/detector modules. Compared to conventional fNIRS systems, mod…
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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Methods for electro- or magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG) based brain source imaging (BSI) using sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) have been demonstrated to achieve excellent performance in situations with low numbers of distinct active sources, such as event-rela…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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Studying neural connections and activities in vivo is fundamental to understanding brain functions. Given the cm-size brain and three-dimensional neural circuit dynamics, deep-tissue, high-speed volumetric imaging is highly desirable for brain study. With sub-…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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We report on MRi-Share, a multi-modal brain MRI database acquired in a unique sample of 1,870 young healthy adults, aged 18 to 35 years, while undergoing university-level education. MRi-Share contains structural (T1 and FLAIR), diffusion (multispectral), susce…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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Neuromyelitis optica associated with aquaporin-4-antibodies (NMOSD-AQP4) and myelin oligodentrocyte-glycoprotein antibody-associated disorder (MOGAD) have been recently recognised as different from multiple sclerosis. Although conventional MRI may help disting…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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Beyond detecting brain lesions or tumors, comparatively little success has been attained in identifying brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Many machine learning algorithms to detect AD have been trained…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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To understand neural circuit mechanisms underlying behavior, it is crucial to observe the dynamics of neuronal structure and function in different parts of the brain. Current imaging technologies allow cellular resolution imaging of neurons within ~1 millimete…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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There is strong evidence for brain-related abnormalities in COVID-19 1–13 . It remains unknown however whether the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection can be detected in milder cases, and whether this can reveal possible mechanisms contributing to brain pathology. …
preprints
2021
置信度 0.74
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The associations between indices of brain structure and measured intelligence are not clear. In part, this is because the evidence to date comes from mostly small and heterogenous studies. Here, we report brain structure-intelligence associations on a large sa…
preprints
2019
置信度 0.74
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It is of increasing interest to study “brain age” - the apparent age of a subject, as inferred from brain imaging data. The difference between brain age and actual age (the “delta”) is typically computed, reflecting deviation from the population norm. This the…
preprints
2019
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT Heavy alcohol consumption can have significant deleterious neural consequences, including brain atrophy, neuronal loss, poorer white matter fiber integrity, and cognitive decline. However, the effects of light-to-moderate alcohol consumption on brain …
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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Having the means to share research data openly is essential to modern science. For human research, a key aspect in this endeavour is obtaining consent from participants, not just to take part in a study, which is a basic ethical principle, but also to share th…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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Tomographic brain imaging has a rich iconography. Whilst figures are prepared for scientific communication (i.e., directed to other researchers) they also often end-up on magazine and journal covers (i.e., directed to a lay audience). Scientific figures should…
preprints
2018
置信度 0.74
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Abstract Background: Visual rating of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) is an accepted biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a non-invasive ophthalmic imaging biomarker of neurodegeneration. We sought to determine the diagnost…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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The identification of genetic variants associated with complex brain diseases has evolved in the past decades. Studies in the field have taken different approaches and study designs including genome-wide association studies. Neuroimaging and connectomics have …
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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A fundamental problem of supervised learning algorithms for brain imaging applications is that the number of features far exceeds the number of subjects. In this paper, we propose a combined feature selection and extraction approach for multiclass problems. Th…
preprints
2019
置信度 0.74
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BACKGROUND In late 2016, US diplomats stationed in Havana began presenting with a variety of neurological manifestations that proved difficult to diagnose. Though previous studies suggested a likely association with brain injury, the mechanism of injury, brain…
preprints
2019
置信度 0.74
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ABSTRACT Altered expression of the complement component C4A gene is a known risk factor for schizophrenia. Further, predicted brain C4A expression has also been associated with memory function highlighting that altered C4A expression in the brain may be releva…
preprints
2020
置信度 0.74
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0.1 background In this age of big data, large data stores allow researchers to compose robust models that are accurate and informative. In many cases, the data are stored in separate locations requiring data transfer between local sites, which can cause variou…
preprints
2019
置信度 0.74
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This work presents the design and implementation of an enhanced version of a traditional two-photon (2P) microscope with the addition of high-speed axial scanning for live mammalian brain imaging. Our implementation utilizes a deformable mirror (DM) that can r…
preprints
2019
置信度 0.74
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Many genetic variants identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are associated with multiple, sometimes seemingly unrelated traits. This motivates multi-trait association analyses, which have successfully identified novel associated loci for many co…
preprints
2019
置信度 0.74
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Background Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) affects 20-30% of individuals with schizophrenia, with persistent symptoms, functional impairment, and reduced quality of life. Clinical identification remains dependent on sequential antipsychotic trials desp…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Although mounting evidence supports that neighborhood greenspaces (e.g., trees and parks) may benefit cognitive health in older age, fewer studies have investigated benefits to brain health measured via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We used data on 892 old…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Simultaneous multicolor whole-brain imaging with cytoarchitectural reference is critical for neural circuit mapping, but sequential scanning prolongs acquisition and complicates inter-channel registration. We developed a three-color high-definition fluorescent…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Longitudinal, noninvasive in vivo imaging is essential for studying brain physiology and pathological mechanisms. Advances in transcranial optical windows, including thinned-skull and optical clearing techniques, have markedly improved imaging depth and resolu…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Ethnoracial segregation has been associated with worse cognitive functioning among Black older adults, while its impact on Latinx individuals is less clear. We investigated whether Black and Latinx older adults living in segregated neighborhoods demonstrate wo…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The field of neuroimaging has undergone profound transformation in recent years, driven primarily by rapid 3 advances in machine learning (ML), and especially deep learning (DL), techniques. These computational 4 innovations have been amplified by ongoing impr…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Abstract Leveraging multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and linked health records from 64,785 participants, we assessed associations between 505 brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs)—including T1-weighted, diffusion, and resting-state functional MRI …
europepmc
2025
置信度 0.80
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Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) enables comprehensive discovery of genetic variation underlying brain imaging traits beyond the limits of SNP arrays, particularly for rare coding variants with potentially large effects. Here, we integrated WGS data from 45,755 U…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Microglial dysfunction and glutamatergic dysregulation are implicated in the neurobiology of schizophrenia. Microglia regulate brain glutamate levels through mechanisms including the cysteine-glutamate antiporter, raising the possibility that microglial dysfun…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic option for chronic pain. This study investigates the modulatory effects of taVNS and transcutaneous greater auricular nerve stimulation (tGANS) on thalamocortical c…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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High impulsivity-a hallmark of various adverse life outcomes such as substance abuse, impulsive buying, violence, and crime-has typically been considered as a failure of self-control. However, is impulsivity simply a failure of self-control? To address this is…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Amyloid PET has become a pivotal imaging biomarker for Alzheimer disease (AD), enabling in vivo detection and quantification of β-amyloid deposition. However, variability in quantitative measurements across tracers, scanners, and analysis methods has considera…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Optical, ultrasound, and optoacoustic localization microscopy based on microparticle tracking has enabled surpassing the resolution limits imposed by ultrasound diffraction and optical diffusion in tissues. However, its reliance on high-speed (kilohertz) data …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The majority of MR-based brain imaging methods provides macroscopic information averaged over the entire imaging voxel. Yet tissue composition and microstructure are heterogeneous within the cubic millimeter-sized MRI voxel that contains numerous distinct wate…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Brain metastases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). Despite emerging evidence suggesting a clinically meaningful prevalence of asymptomatic brain metastases, there remains no consensus regar…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Objectives Predicting seizure recurrence following a first unprovoked seizure (FUS) remains a significant clinical challenge, especially when routine clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and EEG do not reveal abnormalities diagnostic of epilepsy. Here, we…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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BACKGROUND: The brain’s response to intestinal inflammation in Crohn’s disease (CD) remains poorly characterized. We aimed to identify a neuroimaging signature of disease activity by integrating structural and functional brain metrics with machine learning. ME…
europepmc
2025
置信度 0.80
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Microglia, parenchymal macrophages resident in the central nervous system, regulate brain development by dynamically changing their functional and morphological states in a spatiotemporal-dependent manner. Because the function of microglia may differ depending…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Background Autoimmune encephalitis is a rapidly progressing neurological disorder caused by aberrant immune responses against neural antigens. It presents with severe neuropsychiatric symptoms such as seizures and cognitive decline, highlighting the need to cl…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Psoriasis is linked to significant stigmatization. Prior research suggests that people with psoriasis demonstrate altered neurobiological responses to disgust. However, chronically affected patients may develop coping mechanisms to disgust-related social cues.…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Objective: Depressive symptoms exist on a continuum in the general population, yet the underlying neurobiological mechanisms, particularly the interplay between resting-state networks and task-evoked social cognitive responses, remain elusive. Methods: Leverag…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Reconstructing causality routes from genetic effects to complex phenotypes in particular cell types is crucial for understanding biological mechanisms underlying the brain-associated phenotypes including imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs), and brain disorders a…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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ABSTRACT Human behavior is highly flexible, allowing efficient performance across a wide range of task contexts. A distributed set of frontal and parietal regions, commonly termed the multiple-demand network (MDN), is consistently engaged during diverse cognit…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Hierarchical phase-contrast tomography (HiP-CT) was recently developed to enable the ex vivo imaging of human organs at multiple scales from whole organ down to near-cellular resolution in localized regions. Using whole adult human brain imaging as a case stud…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Objective To systematically summarize findings from multimodal brain imaging and neurotransmitter marker studies in Tic disorders (TD), to explore potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) interventions, and to propose …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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BackgroundWhether migraine with aura (MA) is a biologically independent entity from migraine without aura (MO) is still debated. Similarities and differences between MO and MA have been extensively investigated in recent years through several neuroimaging stud…
europepmc
2025
置信度 0.80
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Background Utilizing non-invasive neuroimaging for characterization of blood brain barrier (BBB) changes and perfusion deficits underlying small vessel disease pathobiology including white matter hyperintensities (WMH) remains largely unexplored. Objectives We…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Background Machine learning shows great potential in science but struggles with complex, high-dimensional multi-omics data. PD progression is long, diagnosed mainly by clinical signs. This paper proposes a novel decision fusion method to improve the precision …
europepmc
2025
置信度 0.80
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Background Freezing of gait (FOG) is one of the most debilitating motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), affecting a substantial proportion of people with PD. Numerous hypothetical mechanisms exist, attempting to explain FOG. Current evidence originated f…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Microscopy of the brain has been facing problems of contrast and thick tissue imaging. Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a non-linear effect of the light interaction with the imaged material, resulting in photon emission at half the wavelength of the absorbe…
europepmc
2025
置信度 0.80
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It has become increasingly common to probe correlations between human brain imaging measures of receptor/protein binding and function using population-level brain maps, typically drawn from independent cohorts to estimate correlations across regions. This stra…
europepmc
2025
置信度 0.80
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The Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) is a widely adopted, community-driven standard to organize neuroimaging data and metadata. Although numerous extensions have been developed to incrementally extend coverage to new modalities and data types, an unambiguou…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80