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Episodic memory and spatial navigation are often viewed as interlinked, in part due to their shared reliance on medial-temporal lobe (MTL) structures. At the same time, there are important differences, for example, natural spatial navigation requires moving on…
europepmc
2028
置信度 0.80
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Background Essential tremor (ET) is the most common movement disorder in the elderly. Despite a close relationship between ET onset and age, it remains unclear whether ET reflects accelerated brain ageing or disease-specific structural changes. This study inve…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Introduction Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors and are frequently monitored over extended periods. Volumetric assessment typically requires manual segmentation, which is time-consuming and associated with interrater variability. This …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Voluntary human movement emerges from dynamic interactions between the brain, spinal cord, and sensory afferents. Spinal cord function has proven particularly difficult to study non-invasively in humans due to its deep anatomical location and narrow diameter. …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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pubmed
Silvaggio N, Stein KY, Coldwell M, Roca V 等
2026
置信度 0.82
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pubmed
Sun Y, Rong Z, Maimaitiming D, Wang L 等
2026
置信度 0.82
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The hippocampus is known for spatial mapping through place cells, but much less is understood about the cognitive map that integrates task and reward information. Recent work has identified elements of this map as "reward" cells that encode distance relative t…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Lifelong antiretroviral therapy extends the lifespan of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain with age-linked comorbidities. Despite viral suppression, the co-development of Alzheime…
pubmed
Etafo EO, Dutta D, Bhattarai S, Gendelman HE 等
2026
置信度 0.82
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This study examined the protective effects of bromelain-digested casein peptide pool (BDCPP) on chronic stress-induced impairments in hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and synaptic plasticity in rats. Animals were randomly assigned to six treatment grou…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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This editorial marks the beginning of my tenure as Editor-in-Chief of Neuroscience Insights . The journal's founding aims of publishing rigorous, mechanistically grounded research spanning the nervous system from molecule to behavior remain unchanged. But as t…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Epilepsy surgery offers a unique opportunity to connect clinical care with fundamental research on the human brain. Tissue resected as part of indicated surgical treatment can be studied using electrophysiology, imaging, transcriptomics, proteomics, connectomi…
pubmed
Roessler K
2026
置信度 0.82
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Addressing climate change requires a better understanding of environmental behavior. Yet environmental-behavior research has largely focused on single observed outcomes, with limited use of computational models to identify the processes through which these beh…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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As the field more actively recognizes the unique facets of adolescent neural, social, and behavioral development, it is clear that adult models of addiction are incongruent with the nature of the developing brain, adolescent substance use behavior, and behavio…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Early life stress (ELS) sensitizes individuals to subsequent stressors to increase lifetime risk for psychiatric disorders. Within the nucleus accumbens (NAc)-a key limbic and reward-associated brain region-ELS sensitizes both cellular and transcriptional resp…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Addressing climate change requires a better understanding of environmental behavior. Yet environmental-behavior research has largely focused on single observed outcomes, with limited use of computational models to identify the processes through which these beh…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Social behaviors are dramatically influenced by variations in mating systems that shape sex differences in the neural substrates underlying such displays. In polygamous species, distinct evolutionary pressures on males and females produce pronounced behavioral…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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pubmed
de Wilde D, Schärli B, Ackermann K, Bottini M 等
2026
置信度 0.82
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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.768198.].
pubmed
Pozo-Rodrigálvarez A, Li Y, Stokowska A, Wu J 等
2026
置信度 0.82
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pubmed
Kemp SA, Weber S
2026
置信度 0.82
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Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a non-invasive strategy that mitigates ischemic injury, partly through circulating microRNAs. Emerging evidence suggests that miRNAs may modulate angiogenesis, which is essential for post-stroke recovery. This study invest…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Importance Concomitant use of antiseizure medications (ASMs) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is common in epilepsy, but comparative safety data remain limited. Objective To compare risks of thromboembolic events, major bleeding, and all-cause mortality …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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pubmed
Ritz H, Jha A, Daw ND, Cohen JD
2026
置信度 0.82
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Pupillometry and gaze tracking provide sensitive, noninvasive indices of autonomic function and cognitive state and are increasingly employed in neuroscience and clinical research. However, commonly used systems remain costly and often constrain hardware custo…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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pubmed
Dehghani Z, Abolahrari-Shirazi S, Emami F, Roshdi G 等
2026
置信度 0.82
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Prolonged testosterone exposure promotes adult hippocampal neurogenesis, but it remains unclear whether exposure during specific time periods of neural development is necessary for testosterone to enhance neuron survival. Our experiment tested the effects of t…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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There has been an increase in the global prevalence and incidence of substance use disorders (SUDs). The global negative impact of the same has been substantial. Considerable morbidity and mortality have been associated with SUDs, in addition to its major soci…
pubmed
Thomas DC, Somaiya T, Prabhakar S, Thomas D 等
2026
置信度 0.82
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The nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) plays a central role in integrating reward, motivation, and environmental cues to guide goal-directed behaviors, including feeding. Within the NAcc, D2-expressing medium spiny neurons (D2-MSNs) are implicated in inhibitory con…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Magnetogenetics is emerging as a promising tool to control neuronal activity and overcome the limitations of chemogenetics and optogenetics. While chemogenetics is restricted in temporal resolution, optogenetics is invasive and limited in penetration depth. Ma…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Injured central nervous system axons rarely regenerate or remyelinate efficiently. Oligodendrocyte (OL) -lineage cells influence both processes, yet their early response to axonal injury remains incompletely defined. Using an optic nerve crush model in male an…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Background Cannabis use is common in people with psychosis and is associated with poor outcomes. Aims To assess insight into cannabis use disorder, perceptions about how cannabis use influences mental health and the desire to change cannabis use among people w…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Segregating objects from one another and the background is essential for perception. In natural scenes, it is common to encounter spatially separated stimuli, such as distinct figure-ground regions, adjacent objects, and partial occlusions. Neurons in the mid-…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Freezing of gait (FOG) is a disabling motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD), linked to impaired motor automaticity and cognitive control. Cognitive strategies like motor imagery (gait imagination, GI) and action observation (gait observation, GO) are used …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The integration of educational neuroscience into teacher professional development may support evidence-informed practice, but little is known about Brazilian educators' perceptions of their own knowledge, interests, and their preferred training formats. In thi…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Making decisions based on the perceived value of potential options is almost ubiquitous in everyday life. While the potential reward values of options are undoubtedly critical, the probability of those potential rewards is just as important. In some cases, the…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Schizophrenia (SCZ) is associated with widespread cortical abnormalities, however, neuroanatomical markers with robust diagnostic and clinical relevance remain limited. In this study, we integrated multiple surface-based cortical features-cortical thickness, g…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Catatonia is a severe psychomotor syndrome that occurs across psychiatric diagnoses and is increasingly conceptualized as reflecting neurodevelopmental vulnerability. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a central role in motor initiation and cognitive-af…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Visuospatial working memory (VSWM) is supported by distributed fronto-parietal networks and is critically dependent on coordinated neural oscillations, particularly in the theta band (4-8 Hz). Non-invasive neuromodulation via transcranial alternating current s…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Effort-based decision making evaluates rewards relative to the effort required to obtain it, an important process of healthy goal-directed motivation and behavior. Computational models provide mechanistic insights underlying choice behavior and potential alter…
pubmed
Spry KP, James J, Oliveto AH, Mancino M 等
2026
置信度 0.82
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Background Understanding cognition is essential for advancing treatments for human disorders. Rodent studies remain important for investigating underlying mechanisms. Traditional testing often involves handling, isolation and experimenter variability, which ca…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Slow brain oscillations in the delta-band (0.5 - 4 Hz) may play an important role in social interactions, given available evidence across areas of perception, action and social neuroscience. The aim of this review is to theoretically integrate empirical eviden…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Childhood trauma (CT) is a key risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD) onset and persistence. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation may underlie this link, and preclinical studies suggest glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonism can re…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Our editors discuss and define translational neuroscience research, a concept central to the identity of Brain Communications.
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Astrocytes support synaptic activity and associated circuit function, including those linked to sleep and memory, though how they coordinate these processes remains poorly defined. Here, we show that the transcription factor Nuclear Factor I-X (NFIX) is requir…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Glioblastoma (GBM) is an intricate intracranial tumor that has cataclysmic outlook. It originates from glial cells having an average life expectancy of one and a half years. Despite intensive multimodal therapy, the tumor's innate invasiveness and cellular het…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with facial emotion recognition (FER) deficits. Among these, impairments in recognizing moral emotions may be especially relevant to social dysfunction, but their relationship with brain structure remains poorly d…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, progressive, and ultimately deadly cardiovascular disease. A large disparity in the prevalence and progression of PAH between the sexes exists, which may be underpinned by differences in estrogen signaling. Down…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Graphical abstract-Neuroimaging in affective neuroscience.Infographic presenting four interconnected panels describing convergent affective neurocircuitry using brain diagrams, connectivity maps, and summary points for mTBI, IBS and depression, nurse burnout, …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Balanced activity of neuronal and immune networks is essential for maintaining central nervous system (CNS) function and mental health, whereas disturbances in network dynamics often lead to excitotoxicity and progressive pathology across brain diseases. Emerg…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Neurostimulation techniques can powerfully modulate neural circuit activity and provide causal insights into the relationship between brain function and behavior. Macaque monkeys have long been a key animal model for brain stimulation studies. While stimulatin…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exon VI promoter is implicated in mediating activity-induced synthesis of hippocampal BDNF. BDNF is implicated in (R,S)-ketamine's antidepressant effects, but its role in (R,S)-ketamine-mediated prophylaxis is unknown. …
pubmed
Chen BK, Williams BL, Darling A, Bath K 等
2026
置信度 0.82
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pubmed
Cappello F, Vercelli A
2026
置信度 0.82
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Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the efficacy of pain neuroscience education (PNE) on pain, sleep parameters, and psychosocial factors in chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions in adults and adolescents. Methods The review was condu…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The neuropeptide orexin/hypocretin regulates adaptive behaviors needed for survival, including food intake, sleep-wake regulation, mating, and maternal behavior. However, the orexinergic system plays a critical role in addictive behavior and promotes seeking a…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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pubmed
Huang B, Ritz H, Jiang J
2026
置信度 0.82
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Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by abundant α-synuclein (αSyn) aggregation in the brain. Compared to PD patients, MSA patients have more widespread neurodegeneration and a more aggressive …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is a neuromodulator that plays essential roles in regulating emotional behavior and hippocampal information processing. Although serotonergic fibers in the hippocampus are thought to affect dentate gyrus activity mainly th…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Brainstem arousal systems including the locus coeruleus noradrenaline system, respond transiently to behaviorally relevant events. This also drives dilations of the pupil, which are often observed during cognitive tasks. The strength of pupil responses during …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly understood as a biologically defined and heterogeneous continuum, requiring models that move beyond symptom-based diagnosis toward individualized risk prediction, stratification, and intervention. Objective T…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) remain an evolving challenge in modern neurology. Recent advances are reflected in the 2024 revision of the McDonald criteria, which aim to facilitate earlier, more accurate and biologically informed diagn…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Worry, as a core cognitive feature of anxiety, is known to impair attention and memory. However, its effects on episodic memory retrieval and the associated neural mechanisms are still underexplored. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Autistic traits may arise from atypical sensory experience during postnatal life, but whether there is a causal link between defects in cortical circuitry in the brain, altered sensory processing and social behavior remains unknown. Here, we studied tactile st…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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This study presents a standardized naturalistic audio stimulus dataset designed for use in trial-wise cognitive neuroscience, neuroimaging, and behavioral research. The dataset provides short, recognizable auditory stimuli that are normed for emotional valence…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Addiction is a heterogeneous disorder, and the specific psychological processes and neural mechanisms involved are hard to parse in humans. However, animal models allow the biological substrates of addiction-relevant behaviors to be examined one at a time. Ven…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by severe cognitive dysfunctions and brain disorders. The emergence of deep learning methods provides a feasible way to develop effective representations for clinical diagnosis of bra…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Pathological tau accumulation underlies a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases collectively known as tauopathies. Although reducing tau remains the prevailing therapeutic strategy, indiscriminate tau reduction may compromise physiological functions and has d…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The stress induced release of glucocorticoids influences neural excitability and plasticity in the hippocampus. Surprisingly the entorhinal cortex (EC), an adjacent region, has received little attention in stress research, even though it is also rich in glucoc…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the most prevalent cause of dementia worldwide, is a neurodegenerative disorder that currently has no cure. A growing body of evidence suggests that physical exercise is a potential non-pharmacological strategy in the treatment of AD.…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Competing neurocognitive models offer different accounts of how the sense of agency (the experience of controlling one's actions) and the sense of ownership (the experience that one's body belongs to oneself) relate within bodily self-awareness. The additive m…
pubmed
Mariano M, Stanco G, Negrone C, Massaro F 等
2026
置信度 0.82
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Introduction The retrosigmoid craniotomy is the workhorse approach to the cerebellopontine angle. Accurate localisation of the transverse-sigmoid junction (TSJ) is key for optimised exposure and cerebellar retraction. Various methods, both anatomical and navig…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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pubmed
Toya F, Oide H, Uezato A, Sugama S
2026
置信度 0.82
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Neural encoding, decoding, and representation-learning approaches have substantially advanced our ability to predict sensory, behavioral, and cognitive variables from neural population activity. At the same time, dynamical systems approaches increasingly model…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Purpose Simple generalized thresholds for assessing functional impairment in clinical testing are limited, as they fail to consider patient-specific properties such as age, body height, and body mass index. A previously developed machine learning-based model f…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Cognitive and developmental neuroscience in Nigeria faces a range of challenges, including limited research infrastructure, insufficient awareness, and cultural barriers that hinder early diagnosis and intervention for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Desp…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Adolescent binge drinking is a strong predictor of alcohol use disorder and related mental health outcomes in adulthood, which may be due to disruptions in myelination during this dynamic period of brain development. White matter expansion in frontal regions d…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Background The impact of stroke etiology on recanalization and clinical outcome following intravenous thrombolysis with tenecteplase (t-IVT) and endovascular therapy (EVT) has not been investigated. We aimed to compare stroke subtypes in a dataset of acute isc…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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This study explored the association between etiology of status epilepticus (SE) and treatment responsiveness. Consecutive episodes of nonhypoxic SE in patients ≥14 years old were included. Etiology was classified into acute, remote, progressive, defined electr…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The tuft dendrites of layer 5 neurons can support regenerative events - dendritic spikes - that have been proposed to coordinate context-specific engagement and plasticity within cortical networks. However, it remains unclear whether tuft spikes are accompanie…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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Despite being common and clinically burdensome, subjective tinnitus is diagnosed and characterised primarily through subjective reporting. Objective biomarkers could transform tinnitus care by enabling reproducible identification, stratification, and monitorin…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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By 2030, 1.4 billion people worldwide will be 60 years or older. A significant proportion will experience changes in voice, which can indicate early signs of neurodegenerative disease. Most research and treatment studies have focused on the larynx because of i…
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80
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The brain contains an astronomical number of neurons, but it is their collective activity that underlies brain function. The number of degrees of freedom that this activity explores (its dimensionality) is therefore a fundamental signature of neural dynamics. …
europepmc
2026
置信度 0.80